Original subtitles

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Once upon a time long long time ago for somebody to configure and administer a system they had to go

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physically and log into that system and do whatever changes were necessary.

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So just imagine that you walk into a room that has this TV screen or what looks like a TV screen attached

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to a massive computer that TV screen was all the terminal.

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So the terminal was basically a display that returned the output of any command that you were using

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or executing.

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I didn't understand your input.

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I didn't understand what you were doing.

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Its sole purpose its job was to only take that input and show you the output what understood what you

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were doing was a program running in the background.

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That program would understand what you were typing the keystrokes that you were typing.

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I would take it and put it with processor and then it would turn the output.

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Once the OP would return it will be displayed on the terminal.

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So we needed two components at that time.

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The actual physical screen or the terminal and the program that was running in the background and Linux

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that program is under the slash bin slash Bash.

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So if I go to places to computer to Ben this is the program that would understand my input.

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So am I telling you all this here's why if and I go to this I can hear the name of this icon is that

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terminal.

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So this symbolizes what the computer screen was back then.

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In the old days if I open the terminal it will open up with a program already running.

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This is what we call the shell.

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This is the bash commands.

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So by default the bash command is running on my terminal.

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Otherwise I wouldn't be able to accept any input and display any output.

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This shell is what accepts my inputs.

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It will run my command in the background and send it back to the terminal to display the output.

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This is much more powerful than that.

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You see the graphical user interface and unlikely gooey this is always present on servers.

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Theres a lot of instances where you be doing penetration testing or an ethical hacking regiment where

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you come across a server without you without all this beautiful graphical stuff.

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Reason being is because this is resource extensive.

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This takes up a lot of space and memory which is something we can't afford on servers.

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We don't want to have this performance impact and because the graphical user interface isn't really

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necessary we can do everything using the text based interface we use with answers don't install the

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graphical interface so this is always the graphical interface isn't and this is one of the reasons why

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it's really important that you learn how to navigate your way through any Linux system using the terminal

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or the shell.

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So going forward by the way whenever I say terminal or shell what I'm referring to is this window here.

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The black one.

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So when you do get penetration testing exercise or unethical engagement your objective usually is to

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get a shirt.

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What that means is your objective usually is to get access such as that one to the remote machine which

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is your vector machine.

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You would usually get shell in one of two ways either Richen as you can see here I'm logged in as root

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and you will see this outside here and this means that log and as the superuser.

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Or you will get a non-road shell and that would look like instead of a downside there will be a dollar

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sign and what that means is that you are logged in as a non root user.

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Or you are not the superuser your low privileged user now because we are on the graphical user interface.

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We can customize the look and feel of this.

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We can do that by visiting the preferences options under the edit menu.

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One of the first things that I like to do when I'm recording videos is to zoom in and zoom out.

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How do I do that.

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I can see the shortcuts here.

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Will Show me the keyboard shortcuts for different commands So for example how did you copy paste how

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to open a terminal and so on to zone in its control.

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Plus plus to zone out its control plus minus.

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So now what I'm typing on my keyboard this control shift on the button next to my backspace which is

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a plus plus it's the equal button without the shift that wouldn't be plus obviously.

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So I want a tab control shift equal equal which is shift plus plus and that zoomed in my terminal or

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my shell.

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So now you can see what I'm doing.

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One of the other things that I like to do is change the preferences of how I open a new terminal.

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By default opening a new terminal will open a new window.

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Personally that's not my preference.

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What I like to do is to open terminals in new tabs and I can't change that on their preferences

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open you turn a tab.

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And again not to say that here I don't have an Apply button or an OK button like in Windows it just

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automatically takes you something.

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I close that.

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I do file open terminal and it opens in a new tab.

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I can open as many terminals as they want and when I'm done I can close whatever terminal and onwards.

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Now obviously you might be wondering what if I want to open another terminal and a new window because

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to do that by going to the favorites for right clicking and you went to one other thing you can do if

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you wish to change the way your terminal colors look like.

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And you can do that under the profiles.

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I'm going to create a new profile for the sake of this exercise.

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I'm going to call that red and I'm going to change the colors.

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This by the way are some preset themes they can pick and choose from.

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I'm going to do my own thing and I'm going to change the text color for example to red and the background

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color to white and I'm going to close that.

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So what happens now if I try to open a new terminal I can choose that option and I have a new terminal

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with completely different settings.

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This is useful for example if you're logged in as Drew just so you can remind yourself that you are

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logged in as the super user and you need to be careful what commands you're executing.

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So the terminal will look different it will feel different it will remind you to be careful of what

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you're doing.

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Obviously it can also change the fonts and a whole bunch of other things.

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Let me explore those.

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And you don't experiment with this for a while and then we can move on to the next section where we're

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going to be learning some tips and tricks and shortcuts that terminal.