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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,035 --> 00:00:04,333 โ€” Through another party? โ€” Yes, 2 00:00:04,371 --> 00:00:08,535 โ€” Could we know who? โ€” Think that would be a mistake, 3 00:00:08,575 --> 00:00:10,736 Iโ€™ll tell you for what reason, 4 00:00:10,777 --> 00:00:14,076 Not to take this person to task in anyway... 5 00:01:06,300 --> 00:01:08,097 (Honking) 6 00:01:08,135 --> 00:01:12,231 In the autumn of 1942, nearly a year after Pearl Harbor, 7 00:01:12,272 --> 00:01:17,403 the United States had entered the race against Germany to produce an atomic bomb 8 00:01:17,444 --> 00:01:22,006 and the Army were preparing to take over the running of the weapon project 9 00:01:22,049 --> 00:01:24,643 While scientists, Robert Oppenheimer among them, 10 00:01:24,685 --> 00:01:27,813 were puzzling over theoretical aspects of the weapon, 11 00:01:27,854 --> 00:01:33,087 the Army had begun the search for a man to coordinate and supervise all the various projects 12 00:01:33,126 --> 00:01:37,825 that would produce both the explosive material and the bomb mechanism. 13 00:01:37,864 --> 00:01:40,332 The front runner for the job was an engineer, 14 00:01:40,367 --> 00:01:45,430 a career soldier currently in charge of all Army construction in the United States. 15 00:01:45,472 --> 00:01:48,168 His name was Colonel Leslie Groves. 16 00:01:49,409 --> 00:01:52,537 At the end of September, Groves was summoned to the Pentagon 17 00:01:52,579 --> 00:01:58,108 for an interview with Major General Wilhelm Styer of the Army Services Of Supply. 18 00:02:00,053 --> 00:02:03,887 I'm putting you in charge of the Manhattan Project. 19 00:02:03,924 --> 00:02:08,987 Now, you'll get briefing from people who are more expert than me but I can tell you this, 20 00:02:09,029 --> 00:02:14,695 the Manhattan Project is an attempt to develop a new kind of weapon of shattering power, 21 00:02:14,735 --> 00:02:17,431 the atomic bomb. 22 00:02:17,471 --> 00:02:20,338 Well, you don't seem very excited, Colonel. 23 00:02:21,341 --> 00:02:25,437 Well, I don't know, sir. The Japs are halfway across the Pacific, 24 00:02:25,479 --> 00:02:27,470 the Germans about to walk into Moscow, 25 00:02:27,514 --> 00:02:31,712 I don't know if I can get interested in some new wonder weapon at this point, sir. 26 00:02:31,752 --> 00:02:34,414 Well, let me put it to you this way, Colonel. 27 00:02:34,454 --> 00:02:39,619 If the Japs controlled the whole Pacific and the Germans took all of Russia and all of Asia 28 00:02:39,660 --> 00:02:42,254 and Africa too and we had this bomb, 29 00:02:42,295 --> 00:02:44,160 we would still win the war. 30 00:02:46,233 --> 00:02:48,963 There's one more item that may be of interest to you. 31 00:02:50,070 --> 00:02:54,530 There's a promotion... goes with the job. 32 00:02:56,176 --> 00:02:59,168 Is that why you wanted a combat assignment? 33 00:03:01,882 --> 00:03:04,476 And I thought you were a real fireโ€”eater. 34 00:03:05,552 --> 00:03:11,388 All right, now, let's get serious. You're gonna have to work for those stars. 35 00:03:11,425 --> 00:03:14,553 The Manhattan Project's in a helluva mess right now. 36 00:03:14,594 --> 00:03:17,222 Do you want to take notes? 37 00:03:17,264 --> 00:03:21,200 The President gave the OK to the project back in 1939. 38 00:03:21,234 --> 00:03:24,294 Since then, the whole thing's just diddled along. 39 00:03:24,337 --> 00:03:28,000 These scientists, they're not living in the real world half the time. 40 00:03:28,041 --> 00:03:34,378 For instance, I have got here a project estimate for five plants that they want to put up. 41 00:03:34,414 --> 00:03:37,542 They put a figure of 85 million bucks on it. 42 00:03:37,584 --> 00:03:43,921 That's ridiculous. I've just come from a TNT plant we built in Pennsylvania, cost 128 million. 43 00:03:43,957 --> 00:03:47,085 โ€” One plant. โ€” OK, you see the problem. 44 00:03:48,061 --> 00:03:50,529 There's worse. 45 00:03:50,564 --> 00:03:55,433 They don't even know what process to use to make the material for this bomb. 46 00:03:55,469 --> 00:03:58,165 Oh, they've got half a dozen different candidates 47 00:03:58,271 --> 00:04:02,605 but I can't get any sense out of 'em as to which one is the favorite. 48 00:04:05,412 --> 00:04:09,508 The thing is, Leslie, we have to get the damned scientists out of this project 49 00:04:09,549 --> 00:04:11,380 and get the Army in. 50 00:04:12,252 --> 00:04:15,949 The problem is we need their brains. 51 00:04:18,024 --> 00:04:21,391 All right. Now, this is what I want you to do. 52 00:04:21,428 --> 00:04:24,056 Go round the country, talk to these people. 53 00:04:24,097 --> 00:04:27,225 โ€” Where do I start? โ€” The nearest, New York City. 54 00:04:27,267 --> 00:04:30,395 They've got some damned thing going at Columbia University. 55 00:04:30,437 --> 00:04:35,500 Uh... gaseous diffusion method for separating the uranium 235 isotope. 56 00:04:36,510 --> 00:04:38,671 Make any sense to you? 57 00:04:38,879 --> 00:04:41,404 โ€” Well... โ€” Well, it's got to make sense to you. 58 00:04:41,448 --> 00:04:44,144 Look, I'm assigning Ken Nichols to you. 59 00:04:44,184 --> 00:04:49,053 He's a pretty smart fella. You know, a PhD, etcetera. He'll help you out. 60 00:04:49,089 --> 00:04:51,614 โ€” Where after New York? โ€” Chicago. 61 00:04:51,658 --> 00:04:55,321 You got Enrico Fermi out there. You heard of him? 62 00:04:56,263 --> 00:05:00,597 A genius and all that. Doesn't matter. 63 00:05:00,634 --> 00:05:06,004 Look, you see these people, huh? Stand up to them and make them talk straight. 64 00:05:06,039 --> 00:05:07,404 Right. 65 00:05:07,440 --> 00:05:09,101 After Chicago? 66 00:05:09,142 --> 00:05:12,976 The University Of California, Berkeley. 67 00:05:13,013 --> 00:05:15,948 โ€” Who do I see out there? โ€” Ernest Lawrence. 68 00:05:15,982 --> 00:05:17,472 (Groves) 0h, I heard of him. 69 00:05:17,517 --> 00:05:22,580 (Styer) Oh and, uh... you should talk to a man called, uh... Robert Oppenheimer. 70 00:05:24,457 --> 00:05:26,618 (Gro ves) Oppen... heimer. 71 00:05:26,660 --> 00:05:28,890 โ€” Mmโ€”hm. โ€” What's his interest? 72 00:05:28,929 --> 00:05:32,990 Oppenheimer? Right now he's heading up a study group out there. 73 00:05:33,033 --> 00:05:37,129 Uh... Theoretical Aspects Of A Fission Bomb. 74 00:05:38,939 --> 00:05:40,930 I hear he's quite a useful guy... 75 00:05:42,209 --> 00:05:43,574 for a scientist. 76 00:05:43,610 --> 00:05:48,479 Now, the next problem with Washington is that in order to get the kind of funding we need, 77 00:05:48,515 --> 00:05:53,384 we're going to have to convince them that this isn't a larger version of a conventional weapon. 78 00:05:53,420 --> 00:05:55,888 Oscar, you've done a little work in that area. 79 00:05:55,922 --> 00:05:59,585 I've done a little work but the British have done considerably more. 80 00:05:59,693 --> 00:06:04,164 Obviously the size of the blast will depend upon the amount of fissionable material 81 00:06:04,164 --> 00:06:07,190 we can obtain for the weapon and that we don't know yet. 82 00:06:07,234 --> 00:06:13,639 OK, then all we can say very roughly is that, weight for weight, 83 00:06:13,673 --> 00:06:18,235 a fission bomb will produce several thousand times the blast of TNT. 84 00:06:18,278 --> 00:06:21,406 โ€” Uh, here are the calculations. โ€” Good. 85 00:06:21,448 --> 00:06:25,111 I've had some of my students look into past largeโ€”scale explosions, 86 00:06:25,151 --> 00:06:29,554 see if we can't come up with some equivalent of what we're trying to produce. 87 00:06:29,589 --> 00:06:35,118 In uh... 1917, an ammunition ship blew up in the harbor in Halifax, Nova Scotia, 88 00:06:35,161 --> 00:06:38,153 with 5,000 tons of TNT on board. 89 00:06:38,198 --> 00:06:42,601 As you can see, the damage was extensive, to say the least. 90 00:06:42,636 --> 00:06:46,936 The blast was felt over 60 miles away and half the city was destroyed. 91 00:06:46,973 --> 00:06:50,431 This picture was taken half a mile from the blast. 92 00:06:51,444 --> 00:06:55,403 Now, if we can show that a fission weapon will approach, 93 00:06:55,448 --> 00:06:58,144 or even exceed a blast of this magnitude... 94 00:06:58,251 --> 00:07:00,453 We're going to kill a lot of people. 95 00:07:00,453 --> 00:07:02,978 โ€” How dare you say I'm not to go in that room! โ€” I'm sorry... 96 00:07:03,023 --> 00:07:05,856 โ€” Edward Teller. โ€” (Arguing continues) 97 00:07:06,760 --> 00:07:08,990 โ€” I... โ€” It's all right. He's one of ours. 98 00:07:09,029 --> 00:07:11,327 โ€” How are you, Edward? โ€” I'm fine, fine. 99 00:07:11,364 --> 00:07:15,198 I'm just mad at this cop here. I come halfway across the country... 100 00:07:15,235 --> 00:07:17,863 You're supposed to have one of these, security. 101 00:07:17,904 --> 00:07:19,804 I lost that the day it arrived. 102 00:07:19,839 --> 00:07:22,103 โ€” Hans Bethe, my dear friend! โ€” You're late. 103 00:07:22,142 --> 00:07:24,838 I'm late. I'm late. I'm a bit late. 104 00:07:24,878 --> 00:07:27,403 โ€” And Oscar. โ€” Yes, now, we've met. 105 00:07:27,447 --> 00:07:30,644 โ€” Baltimore '38. โ€” Of course. Yes. 106 00:07:30,850 --> 00:07:34,946 โ€” And this is Bob Serber. โ€” Ah, Bob, I know your work. Nice to see you. 107 00:07:34,988 --> 00:07:36,979 Emil Konopinski, how nice. 108 00:07:37,023 --> 00:07:39,992 Oh, Oppie, what a good group of people! 109 00:07:40,026 --> 00:07:42,494 (Chuckles) It's very exciting. 110 00:07:42,529 --> 00:07:45,362 Well... we'll have some fun. 111 00:07:45,398 --> 00:07:46,922 I hope so. 112 00:07:46,967 --> 00:07:50,334 โ€” Now...I've got lots to say. โ€” (All talk at once) 113 00:07:50,370 --> 00:07:52,429 โ€” We have an agenda, Edward. โ€” What? 114 00:07:52,472 --> 00:07:56,033 We thought it would be best. Everything in its place, not a freeโ€”forโ€”all. 115 00:07:56,076 --> 00:07:58,636 Oh, Oh. OK. An Agenda. 116 00:07:59,612 --> 00:08:01,580 So... what have I missed? 117 00:08:01,614 --> 00:08:05,015 We've just been looking at these pictures of the Halifax explosion 118 00:08:05,051 --> 00:08:08,384 and I think we can probably double that, at least. 119 00:08:08,421 --> 00:08:12,323 Now, we've obviously got a very interesting and complicated problem. 120 00:08:12,359 --> 00:08:13,883 โ€” The best kind. โ€” Agreed. 121 00:08:13,927 --> 00:08:18,023 But we'll have to be careful in all of this to keep our discussions focused, 122 00:08:18,064 --> 00:08:20,362 especially due to our constraints of time. 123 00:08:20,400 --> 00:08:23,927 So right away I'd like to look at one of our fundamental problems, 124 00:08:23,970 --> 00:08:29,340 which is to describe how exactly this weapon is going to look โ€” shape, size... 125 00:08:29,376 --> 00:08:34,905 Very roughly, we know we have a plutonium, or uranium, sphere wrapped in a tight shell. 126 00:08:34,948 --> 00:08:37,883 Hans, if you would, I'd like you to take us on from there. 127 00:08:37,917 --> 00:08:40,613 Oh, er, do you want me to... 128 00:08:51,931 --> 00:08:53,421 (Chattering) 129 00:08:53,466 --> 00:08:56,594 โ€” I think you know... โ€” The most important thing... 130 00:08:56,703 --> 00:09:00,161 Absolutely, I think this morning was a miracle. 131 00:09:01,207 --> 00:09:04,040 You know, I've never known a meeting go so smoothly. 132 00:09:04,077 --> 00:09:06,602 Oppie, as the chairman, you are a genius, 133 00:09:06,813 --> 00:09:08,804 except you wouldn't let me talk. 134 00:09:08,848 --> 00:09:12,511 โ€” You talked nonstop for two hours. โ€” I had three hours in me. 135 00:09:13,453 --> 00:09:18,015 I'm afraid I won't be able to join you for lunch. I have one or two things that can't wait. 136 00:09:18,058 --> 00:09:21,186 โ€” Bob, you'll look after them, will you? โ€” Yeah, sure, Oppie. 137 00:09:23,863 --> 00:09:28,823 Just a reminder. No discussion of this subject outside the room. 138 00:09:28,868 --> 00:09:32,360 โ€” Of course not. โ€” We must clean up everything before we leave. 139 00:09:32,405 --> 00:09:35,238 โ€” Does that include the board? โ€” I'm afraid so. 140 00:09:35,275 --> 00:09:37,971 โ€” I'll be back on time. โ€” Byeโ€”bye, Oppie. 141 00:09:50,890 --> 00:09:52,881 (Doorbell) 142 00:10:12,278 --> 00:10:14,269 I can only stay an hour. 143 00:10:18,585 --> 00:10:20,917 โ€” Drink? โ€” No, thanks. 144 00:10:34,434 --> 00:10:38,996 โ€” Party work? โ€” God, no, just stuff. 145 00:10:39,672 --> 00:10:42,573 I couldn't remember if it was your day to see Belinsky. 146 00:10:42,609 --> 00:10:46,705 No. Wednesdays and, um... Fridays. 147 00:10:47,547 --> 00:10:50,015 โ€” How's it going? โ€” Slow. 148 00:10:51,184 --> 00:10:54,051 I... I don't know about him. 149 00:10:54,087 --> 00:10:57,386 (German accent) I am thinking of switching head shrinkers. 150 00:10:57,490 --> 00:10:59,981 โ€” To who? โ€” Bernstein. 151 00:11:00,026 --> 00:11:02,256 โ€” Is he good? โ€” He's cheaper. 152 00:11:04,564 --> 00:11:07,192 You need money? 153 00:11:07,233 --> 00:11:09,394 No. 154 00:11:09,435 --> 00:11:12,370 No. How's your wife? 155 00:11:13,439 --> 00:11:14,565 Fine. 156 00:11:14,607 --> 00:11:18,475 Does she still butter you up as much as she used to? 157 00:11:18,511 --> 00:11:22,208 โ€” She still has a great deal of confidence in me. โ€” Bully for her. 158 00:11:22,248 --> 00:11:27,117 I never thought you weren't a big fish. I just thought you were in an awfully small pond. 159 00:11:27,153 --> 00:11:29,314 โ€” I'll come by another time. โ€” No! 160 00:11:30,690 --> 00:11:34,057 I just have to let it out. It doesn't take that long. 161 00:11:34,093 --> 00:11:36,084 Is it out now? 162 00:11:37,096 --> 00:11:38,927 Yup. 163 00:11:40,033 --> 00:11:42,331 All out? 164 00:11:42,368 --> 00:11:44,199 I could murder you. 165 00:11:49,909 --> 00:11:51,900 It's been a long morning. 166 00:11:53,313 --> 00:11:55,304 What you been doing? 167 00:11:57,417 --> 00:12:01,046 We started a study group today, you know... talk, talk, talk. 168 00:12:01,087 --> 00:12:02,918 About what? 169 00:12:04,224 --> 00:12:06,055 Oh, nothing special. 170 00:12:08,061 --> 00:12:11,189 The big news today is we can expect a visit from the Army brass shortly. 171 00:12:11,231 --> 00:12:14,598 โ€” Oh, boy, trouble. โ€” Why do they have to get involved? 172 00:12:14,634 --> 00:12:18,070 Well, Hans, they're going to pay for it. They're your employers. 173 00:12:18,104 --> 00:12:20,095 โ€” Not mine. โ€” What are they coming for? 174 00:12:20,139 --> 00:12:22,972 To see what we've got, speed us up a little. 175 00:12:24,944 --> 00:12:27,105 Who is it who's coming? 176 00:12:27,146 --> 00:12:30,513 Fellow by the name of Groves. General Groves. 177 00:12:51,104 --> 00:12:53,265 โ€” Who is it? โ€” It's Nichols, sir. 178 00:13:06,052 --> 00:13:08,043 I'm hungry, Nick. 179 00:13:08,087 --> 00:13:13,923 Well, sir, I've got some Tootsie rolls and chocolate mints and Hershey bars. 180 00:13:13,960 --> 00:13:16,326 โ€” I'll have a Hershey bar. โ€” Yes, sir. 181 00:13:26,005 --> 00:13:28,530 I liked that fella Dunning, didn't you? 182 00:13:28,574 --> 00:13:30,565 Sure. 183 00:13:30,610 --> 00:13:35,479 I liked his method too. Straightforward. You could understand it. 184 00:13:35,515 --> 00:13:38,211 That Yuri, though, he was a pain in the behind. 185 00:13:39,652 --> 00:13:43,315 I thought he had one or two pretty sound objections, sir. 186 00:13:44,324 --> 00:13:47,555 โ€” Go through them. โ€” Right. 187 00:13:47,593 --> 00:13:51,689 One, uranium hexafluoride gas, that corrodes everything it touches 188 00:13:51,898 --> 00:13:54,059 and they haven't found a way round that yet. 189 00:13:54,100 --> 00:13:58,196 Two, the amount of Uโ€”235 that that process produces is so small, 190 00:13:58,304 --> 00:14:01,941 they'd have to repeat it a helluva lot to get appreciable concentration. 191 00:14:01,941 --> 00:14:07,004 To get the results we need, they'd have to build huge plants and the cost would be phenomenal. 192 00:14:07,046 --> 00:14:09,571 Three, Dunning said that... 193 00:14:09,615 --> 00:14:14,848 The problem is if you listen to all the objections, you end up so you don't get behind anything. 194 00:14:14,887 --> 00:14:17,355 How will they know if the damned thing will work? 195 00:14:17,390 --> 00:14:19,381 Nick, we gotta back the man. 196 00:14:26,566 --> 00:14:30,468 So, when all these rods are withdrawn, 197 00:14:30,503 --> 00:14:33,802 we should have this, uh, chain reaction 198 00:14:33,840 --> 00:14:38,539 but the problem is, without enough uranium, we are not able to test the theory. 199 00:14:38,578 --> 00:14:41,411 That's what I was saying. That's the biggest problem. 200 00:14:41,447 --> 00:14:46,316 All right, gentlemen, what we seem to have here, to sum up, 201 00:14:46,352 --> 00:14:52,018 this proposed uranium graphite pile of Dr. Fermi's will be operational very shortly. 202 00:14:52,058 --> 00:14:57,894 I expect soon to conduct an experiment, which will lead to controlled nuclear chain reaction. 203 00:14:57,997 --> 00:14:59,931 Good, good. Uh, glad to hear it. 204 00:14:59,966 --> 00:15:03,993 Now, what I want to know is can we make that soon even sooner? 205 00:15:06,639 --> 00:15:09,938 Um... for instance, one of the bottlenecks. 206 00:15:09,976 --> 00:15:15,346 Now, what we have here is different approaches to how this thing's gonna be cooled down. 207 00:15:15,381 --> 00:15:20,944 Now, can't you people get together and decide which approach is the most likely to work 208 00:15:20,987 --> 00:15:23,012 and throw the rest out the window? 209 00:15:23,055 --> 00:15:25,523 โ€” (All mutter) โ€” Dr. Compton. 210 00:15:25,558 --> 00:15:31,155 โ€” Well, the point is I feel, uh... โ€” All the approaches are interesting. 211 00:15:31,197 --> 00:15:36,692 I appreciate they may all be interesting, Dr... Dr. Szilard. 212 00:15:36,903 --> 00:15:41,602 What I'm trying convey here is there's a war on and we're up against a pretty smart enemy. 213 00:15:41,641 --> 00:15:46,305 Your German opposite numbers won't be wasting time on approaches that are interesting. 214 00:15:46,345 --> 00:15:49,712 You don't have to tell me about the Germans. I know about the Germans. 215 00:15:49,916 --> 00:15:52,476 โ€” I'm glad to hear that. โ€” Uh, gentlemen... 216 00:15:52,518 --> 00:15:57,182 Look, all I want to know is which approach is the likeliest to work. 217 00:15:59,325 --> 00:16:01,293 Enrico. 218 00:16:01,327 --> 00:16:05,889 There are two approaches which seem most interesting. 219 00:16:05,932 --> 00:16:10,335 Air cooling and helium. It's not possible to differentiate between them. 220 00:16:10,369 --> 00:16:12,200 Right, thank you. 221 00:16:12,238 --> 00:16:16,641 Is it possible that we can agree to restrict research to these two? 222 00:16:16,676 --> 00:16:18,871 Yes, we can do that. 223 00:16:18,911 --> 00:16:20,970 All right, thank you. 224 00:16:21,013 --> 00:16:27,976 Now, uh, another thing... This estimate for the fissionable material needed to build the bomb, 225 00:16:28,020 --> 00:16:30,488 it's awfully imprecise. 226 00:16:30,523 --> 00:16:35,517 As an engineer, I'm used to getting estimates that are correct between 25 and 50% 227 00:16:35,561 --> 00:16:40,430 but you've got a statement here that says the figure is accurate to a factor of ten. 228 00:16:40,466 --> 00:16:43,162 Now, what am I supposed to do with that? 229 00:16:43,202 --> 00:16:46,569 How do you expect me to build a factory based on these figures? 230 00:16:46,606 --> 00:16:52,135 I mean, I don't know if I'm designing for three bombs a month or three tenths of a bomb, 231 00:16:52,178 --> 00:16:54,146 or 30 bombs... 232 00:16:54,180 --> 00:16:56,705 or what. 233 00:16:56,916 --> 00:16:58,543 Dr. Fermi. 234 00:16:58,584 --> 00:17:01,644 At present, it's not possible to be more precise. 235 00:17:01,854 --> 00:17:06,382 General, it's getting late and perhaps, if there are any more questions we could... 236 00:17:06,425 --> 00:17:10,987 Yeah, I got about a million questions but I got a train to catch. 237 00:17:12,064 --> 00:17:15,556 Dr. Compton, I'll be in touch after I get to California. 238 00:17:15,601 --> 00:17:17,592 I'll have done some more reading. 239 00:17:20,907 --> 00:17:22,898 There's just one thing I want to say. 240 00:17:25,578 --> 00:17:32,211 Now, you may know that I don't have a PhD. Colonel Nichols here has but I don't have one. 241 00:17:32,251 --> 00:17:37,621 But let me tell you I had ten years of formal education after I entered college. 242 00:17:37,657 --> 00:17:41,320 Ten years...| just studied. 243 00:17:42,428 --> 00:17:45,363 That would be the equivalent of two PhDs, wouldn't it? 244 00:17:49,669 --> 00:17:52,536 That's all. Good day to you. 245 00:18:11,223 --> 00:18:14,158 All right, Nichols, I had to say something. 246 00:18:14,193 --> 00:18:15,558 That you did. 247 00:18:15,595 --> 00:18:20,464 Goddamn experts, trying to run rings around us, make me mad. 248 00:18:22,268 --> 00:18:23,633 I'm hungry. 249 00:18:24,870 --> 00:18:27,031 I still got some Hershey bars. 250 00:18:27,073 --> 00:18:31,533 Picked up something new you might like to try A new Hershey bar with almonds. 251 00:18:31,577 --> 00:18:33,602 โ€” An almond in every bite. โ€” OK. 252 00:18:41,587 --> 00:18:44,886 They were a poor bunch, Nick, weren't they? 253 00:18:44,924 --> 00:18:47,518 Wouldn't give you a dime for the lot of 'em. 254 00:18:48,527 --> 00:18:51,519 Except Fermi. He seemed to be on the ball. 255 00:18:53,633 --> 00:18:57,899 โ€” I don't like these, too brittle. โ€” It's just an experiment. 256 00:19:02,174 --> 00:19:04,267 The whole setup made me angry. 257 00:19:04,310 --> 00:19:08,144 People walking in and out of each other's offices, even the labs. 258 00:19:08,180 --> 00:19:10,648 No security, none. 259 00:19:10,850 --> 00:19:12,841 Same thing at Columbia. 260 00:19:14,387 --> 00:19:18,949 I'd like to see the whole bunch of them in uniforms and under strict Army regulations. 261 00:19:21,460 --> 00:19:23,485 Make a note of that. 262 00:19:23,529 --> 00:19:25,053 Right. 263 00:19:26,065 --> 00:19:28,033 Who are we seeing in Berkeley? 264 00:19:28,067 --> 00:19:32,470 Basically Ernest Lawrence. We're supposed to talk to a fella named Robert Oppenheimer. 265 00:19:32,505 --> 00:19:36,942 I'm looking forward to Lawrence. I hear he's quite a fella. 266 00:19:36,976 --> 00:19:38,967 At least he's an American. 267 00:19:39,912 --> 00:19:43,040 "You don't have to tell me about Germans." 268 00:19:43,082 --> 00:19:45,073 "Germans." 269 00:19:45,117 --> 00:19:48,450 I bet he's German himself, or a Russian. 270 00:19:48,487 --> 00:19:51,251 I think Dr. Szilard's Hungarian. 271 00:19:51,290 --> 00:19:52,655 Hungarian! 272 00:19:52,692 --> 00:19:55,991 He was one of the first to alert the government about the bomb. 273 00:19:56,028 --> 00:19:58,496 Saying's one thing, doing another. 274 00:19:59,932 --> 00:20:01,923 That's where the real war is. 275 00:20:11,143 --> 00:20:17,013 Look, Li'l Abner wants to get away from Daisy Mae to go fishing, so he tells her that he's... 276 00:20:19,285 --> 00:20:21,276 OK, homework. 277 00:20:35,668 --> 00:20:37,295 Dr. Robert Oppenheimer. 278 00:20:38,938 --> 00:20:41,099 โ€” Is he an American? โ€” Yes, sir. 279 00:20:41,140 --> 00:20:44,268 He was born in New York City. Does that count? 280 00:20:44,310 --> 00:20:46,107 Hm. 281 00:20:47,113 --> 00:20:48,740 Damn. 282 00:20:48,948 --> 00:20:50,745 What is it, General? 283 00:20:50,950 --> 00:20:53,043 I think I got a bad tooth. 284 00:20:53,085 --> 00:20:56,213 All I'm talking about is efficiency. 285 00:20:56,255 --> 00:21:00,658 Look, you take a fission bomb, you explode it, you get your explosion. OK, a big explosion. 286 00:21:00,693 --> 00:21:03,560 โ€” Very big. โ€” What I'm saying is... and it's not just me. 287 00:21:03,596 --> 00:21:09,432 Fermi's interested too. What we say is wrap the uranium in deuterium 288 00:21:09,468 --> 00:21:14,269 and use your fission explosion to create a fusion in the deuterium. 289 00:21:14,306 --> 00:21:19,175 Look, for the same mass of uranium, you can get an explosive yield five times greater 290 00:21:19,211 --> 00:21:21,008 than the fission will give you. 291 00:21:21,046 --> 00:21:24,413 Not just a nuclear but a thermonuclear reaction. 292 00:21:24,450 --> 00:21:27,283 โ€” Edward... โ€” Please, Hans, not just a bomb 293 00:21:27,319 --> 00:21:29,287 but a superbomb. 294 00:21:30,656 --> 00:21:32,647 Look, you've seen the calculations. 295 00:21:32,691 --> 00:21:37,924 Gentlemen, please. Yes, Edward, it is obviously an interesting idea and it has to be followed up. 296 00:21:37,963 --> 00:21:40,625 โ€” But we've taken it as far as we can... โ€” Oppie, listen. 297 00:21:40,666 --> 00:21:44,193 The fact is if we are going to have a weapon that we can use in this war, 298 00:21:44,236 --> 00:21:46,602 โ€” it has to be the fission. โ€” That's a simple job. 299 00:21:46,639 --> 00:21:50,302 โ€” I'll order two for Christmas. โ€” Hans, nothing simple interests me. 300 00:21:50,342 --> 00:21:54,438 In order to get to the fusion weapon, we have to start with the fission, don't we? 301 00:21:54,480 --> 00:21:56,277 โ€” Yes. โ€” Let's take it step by step. 302 00:21:56,315 --> 00:21:59,443 โ€” First fission, then the super. โ€” It's absurd to neglect the super. 303 00:21:59,552 --> 00:22:02,588 Edward, we're hardly neglecting it. The point is that... 304 00:22:02,588 --> 00:22:06,581 The point is that it's taken the scientific community two years to get to this. 305 00:22:06,625 --> 00:22:09,093 How much longer are you going to fool around? 306 00:22:09,128 --> 00:22:12,461 โ€” (All talk at once) โ€” With a war on, there's only so much time. 307 00:22:12,498 --> 00:22:16,594 We have spent the best part of the last three weeks talking about the super 308 00:22:16,635 --> 00:22:21,698 and you are obviously going to keep concentrating on it, fine. Fine. 309 00:22:23,008 --> 00:22:26,171 But at the moment, it has just too many problems. 310 00:22:26,212 --> 00:22:28,180 They'd be a joy to solve. 311 00:22:31,283 --> 00:22:33,911 OK... let's get a move on. 312 00:22:34,720 --> 00:22:39,953 Bob. Bob has some thoughts for us on the likely problems we're going to have with plutonium. 313 00:22:39,992 --> 00:22:42,290 โ€” I've got something else. โ€” Is it relevant? 314 00:22:42,328 --> 00:22:44,319 Would I mention it otherwise, Oppie? 315 00:22:44,363 --> 00:22:50,996 Last night I did some computations on the likely heat buildโ€”up inside an exploding fission bomb. 316 00:22:51,036 --> 00:22:53,129 Now, it was interesting. 317 00:22:54,740 --> 00:22:57,436 Of course, the calculations are rough. 318 00:22:59,945 --> 00:23:01,469 But I said it was interesting. 319 00:23:01,513 --> 00:23:05,244 โ€” If those figures are correct... โ€” That's right, Oscar, they're OK. 320 00:23:05,284 --> 00:23:09,380 They seem to indicate that if we explode a fission bomb, 321 00:23:09,421 --> 00:23:13,448 we have a reasonable chance of setting fire to the world's atmosphere. 322 00:23:15,694 --> 00:23:18,162 We can't go on until this is settled. 323 00:23:19,498 --> 00:23:21,466 Agreed? 324 00:23:26,405 --> 00:23:28,566 Hans, do you want it? 325 00:23:29,408 --> 00:23:31,399 Well, I can't work in here. 326 00:23:31,443 --> 00:23:35,277 No but do you think you can do it in a hurry before the military arrives? 327 00:23:35,314 --> 00:23:36,975 Probably. 328 00:23:38,083 --> 00:23:40,074 Thank you. 329 00:23:40,119 --> 00:23:41,609 (Chattering) 330 00:23:42,521 --> 00:23:44,512 Watch the steps. 331 00:23:47,426 --> 00:23:49,417 Well, this is it. 332 00:23:52,631 --> 00:23:54,622 โ€” Most impressive. โ€” Yes. 333 00:23:56,068 --> 00:23:59,731 Calutron. What does that signify, Professor? 334 00:23:59,939 --> 00:24:02,999 Well, it's mostly homage to my employer. 335 00:24:03,042 --> 00:24:09,242 Calโ€”uโ€”tron... it's California University... tron. 336 00:24:10,983 --> 00:24:16,353 This little baby derives from the 184โ€”inch cyclotron we were working on before the war. 337 00:24:16,388 --> 00:24:19,357 โ€” Now, uh, Dr. Lawrence... โ€” Ernest. 338 00:24:20,192 --> 00:24:24,288 Ernest... I wonder if we could see this thing in operation. 339 00:24:24,330 --> 00:24:26,628 Certainly. 340 00:24:26,665 --> 00:24:28,530 OK, jimmy, we're ready to go. 341 00:24:30,135 --> 00:24:32,126 If you'd like to come this way. 342 00:24:33,038 --> 00:24:35,029 Watch the steps. 343 00:24:37,076 --> 00:24:39,237 OK, jimmy, let's switch her on. 344 00:24:40,913 --> 00:24:44,041 Now, then, by using highโ€”electrical voltage, 345 00:24:44,083 --> 00:24:47,541 the uranium atoms are accelerated through a vacuum tube 346 00:24:47,586 --> 00:24:51,249 at speeds of many thousands of miles per second. 347 00:24:51,290 --> 00:24:53,986 Come on, jimmy, let's goose it up here. 348 00:24:54,927 --> 00:24:59,557 Now, then, at these speeds, they enter an intensely strong magnetic field. 349 00:24:59,665 --> 00:25:04,436 The magnetic force pulls the atoms into circular paths. 350 00:25:04,436 --> 00:25:08,099 Now, uranium has two kinds of isotopes. 351 00:25:08,140 --> 00:25:11,632 238... and 235. 352 00:25:11,677 --> 00:25:15,204 โ€” Right. And 235 is... โ€” Is lighter. 353 00:25:17,616 --> 00:25:19,948 Is lighter. 354 00:25:19,985 --> 00:25:21,247 OK. 355 00:25:21,286 --> 00:25:24,619 And it is fissionable, which is what we want. 356 00:25:24,656 --> 00:25:27,284 Now, how do we separate it out? 357 00:25:28,494 --> 00:25:33,557 You see, your lighter isotopes are bent into a different circuit from your heavier. 358 00:25:34,500 --> 00:25:39,369 I always like to say it's kind of like throwing two stones of different weight with the same force 359 00:25:39,405 --> 00:25:42,533 and one of 'em's gonna go further than the other, right? 360 00:25:42,574 --> 00:25:44,235 โ€” Sure. โ€” Right. 361 00:25:44,276 --> 00:25:49,179 Now, at the end of the electrical park, you'll find two separate containers, 362 00:25:49,214 --> 00:25:53,014 one to catch the heavier isotopes and one to catch the... 363 00:25:53,052 --> 00:25:54,178 Lighter. 364 00:25:54,219 --> 00:25:56,517 Lighter and there you have it, sir. 365 00:25:56,622 --> 00:25:59,318 Electromagnetic separation. 366 00:25:59,358 --> 00:26:03,124 OK, jimmy, you can save the taxpayers' money now. 367 00:26:03,162 --> 00:26:08,225 So... how long do you have to keep this thing running to get any appreciable separation? 368 00:26:08,267 --> 00:26:12,101 Well, it takes a long time to make a vacuum in the machine itself. 369 00:26:12,137 --> 00:26:14,128 14 to 24 hours. 370 00:26:14,173 --> 00:26:17,904 โ€” And how long do you run it? โ€” Never more than ten to 15 minutes. 371 00:26:23,048 --> 00:26:25,346 So how much separation you got so far? 372 00:26:27,419 --> 00:26:29,410 How much have you got in that basket? 373 00:26:29,455 --> 00:26:33,084 Sir, as yet we don't have any sizeable separation at all. 374 00:26:33,125 --> 00:26:34,149 (Sighs) 375 00:26:34,193 --> 00:26:37,321 You see, all this is still completely experimental. 376 00:26:39,364 --> 00:26:42,356 You gentlemen going somewhere? Can I give you a lift? 377 00:26:42,401 --> 00:26:44,699 โ€” No thanks, we've got to see someone else. โ€” Ah. 378 00:26:44,903 --> 00:26:47,428 โ€” J Robert Oppenheimer. โ€” He's right down the hall. 379 00:26:47,473 --> 00:26:50,101 โ€” What can you tell us about him? โ€” Who, Oppie? 380 00:26:50,142 --> 00:26:53,270 Well... he's a heck of a guy. 381 00:26:53,312 --> 00:26:57,214 He's a theorist and I'm an experimentalist and you know what they say, 382 00:26:57,316 --> 00:27:02,087 the two don't mix but uh...| like him, admire him. 383 00:27:02,087 --> 00:27:03,918 He reads Sanskrit. 384 00:27:03,956 --> 00:27:06,891 โ€” Sanskrit? โ€” Yeah, genuine Sanskrit. 385 00:27:06,925 --> 00:27:09,223 Very fond of classical music, too. 386 00:27:12,364 --> 00:27:14,332 (Knocking and door opening) 387 00:27:14,366 --> 00:27:16,334 โ€” Oppie. โ€” Ernest, come in. 388 00:27:16,368 --> 00:27:19,496 I can't but I brought you some visitors. 389 00:27:19,538 --> 00:27:22,666 โ€” Dr. Robert Oppenheimer, General Groves. โ€” How do you do. 390 00:27:22,875 --> 00:27:25,173 โ€” This is Colonel, um... โ€” Nichols. 391 00:27:26,245 --> 00:27:28,213 Right. 392 00:27:29,248 --> 00:27:33,241 โ€” How's the infernal machine, Ernest? โ€” Oh, very promising. 393 00:27:39,691 --> 00:27:42,387 I heard you were in Berkeley. 394 00:27:42,427 --> 00:27:45,055 โ€” Just want to have a few words, Professor. โ€” Sure. 395 00:27:47,099 --> 00:27:49,260 Oh, Bob knows everything I know. 396 00:27:49,301 --> 00:27:52,668 โ€” All the same... โ€” It's OK, really. 397 00:27:52,704 --> 00:27:54,695 (Clears throat) I'm sory 398 00:27:56,642 --> 00:27:58,439 โ€” You be home later? โ€” Yeah. 399 00:27:58,477 --> 00:28:00,570 I'll call. You're wrong. 400 00:28:06,251 --> 00:28:09,015 I suppose that seemed kind of unnecessary to you. 401 00:28:09,054 --> 00:28:10,851 Not at all. We're at war, after all. 402 00:28:12,224 --> 00:28:15,887 Well, I never thought I'd hear a scientist say that. 403 00:28:18,030 --> 00:28:21,261 โ€” Can I get you gentlemen some coffee? โ€” Fine. 404 00:28:21,300 --> 00:28:25,134 โ€” I won't be a minute. โ€” Oh, don't bother. Nichols'll get it. 405 00:28:25,170 --> 00:28:27,161 Oh, right. 406 00:28:27,206 --> 00:28:30,198 There's a canteen in the basement of the next building. 407 00:28:30,242 --> 00:28:32,039 โ€” You got that, Nick? โ€” Yes, sir. 408 00:28:32,077 --> 00:28:36,309 I'll have coffee, cream and sugar. If they've got a Danish or a sweet bun or something. 409 00:28:36,348 --> 00:28:39,010 โ€” Yes, sir. โ€” Tea with lemon for me. 410 00:28:39,051 --> 00:28:40,712 Right. 411 00:28:43,989 --> 00:28:49,655 โ€” I understand you've been on quite a tour. โ€” Yeah, New York, Pennsylvania, Chicago, here. 412 00:28:49,695 --> 00:28:53,426 โ€” How have you been enjoying it? โ€” To be frank, not much. 413 00:28:56,168 --> 00:28:58,466 Well, uh, let's get down to business. 414 00:29:04,209 --> 00:29:09,875 I understand your primary involvement is in the design of this bomb we're working towards. 415 00:29:09,915 --> 00:29:13,043 โ€” That's right. โ€” I was talking to Dr. Lawrence. 416 00:29:13,085 --> 00:29:15,451 I got the impression he thought it was premature 417 00:29:15,487 --> 00:29:18,513 to be talking of bomb design before you know what you're going to be able to put in it. 418 00:29:18,557 --> 00:29:24,052 Sure it is. It's premature ordinarily but I figure if we wait until they've produced 419 00:29:24,096 --> 00:29:27,623 enough fissionable material before thinking about the problems 420 00:29:27,666 --> 00:29:30,965 of bomb design and assembly and delivery, 421 00:29:31,003 --> 00:29:34,996 we'd just be adding months, years to the program. 422 00:29:35,040 --> 00:29:37,338 I can see that. 423 00:29:37,376 --> 00:29:40,140 I tell you, Professor, that's the way I'm operating. 424 00:29:40,178 --> 00:29:42,339 I'm putting up plants in Tennessee right now 425 00:29:42,381 --> 00:29:46,943 and I can't tell the boys who are working on it anything but the vaguest specifications 426 00:29:46,985 --> 00:29:49,453 but if I wait till I get better ones... 427 00:29:51,189 --> 00:29:54,317 So, uh... how far's your work got? 428 00:29:55,193 --> 00:29:58,685 Well, we're still in the theory stage, I'm afraid. 429 00:29:58,730 --> 00:30:00,391 Sony 430 00:30:00,432 --> 00:30:05,062 We had a very interesting study group here this summer, maybe too interesting. 431 00:30:05,103 --> 00:30:06,434 Huh? 432 00:30:06,471 --> 00:30:10,430 A lot of it was spent with Teller taking us down some pretty strange paths. 433 00:30:10,475 --> 00:30:12,443 Have you met Edward yet? 434 00:30:12,477 --> 00:30:16,573 Amazing man. For instance, he stopped us cold at one point with some calculations 435 00:30:16,615 --> 00:30:20,449 that indicated the likely heat buildโ€”up in an exploding fission bomb 436 00:30:20,485 --> 00:30:23,921 would create a reaction between deuterium and nitrogen. 437 00:30:24,923 --> 00:30:26,254 Meaning...? 438 00:30:26,291 --> 00:30:29,419 Meaning we could set fire to the world's atmosphere. 439 00:30:29,461 --> 00:30:31,429 โ€” My God. โ€” It's all right. 440 00:30:31,463 --> 00:30:36,025 Hans Bethe checked the figures and it turned out Edward had been a little imprecise. 441 00:30:36,935 --> 00:30:38,926 There's no chance, huh? 442 00:30:38,970 --> 00:30:43,066 Oh, there's a chance but not as great as Edward thought. 443 00:30:43,108 --> 00:30:46,509 โ€” There is a chance? โ€” Three in a million. 444 00:30:47,679 --> 00:30:51,342 We're going to keep quiet about that. Can't have fellas running around 445 00:30:51,383 --> 00:30:54,079 shooting their mouths off about setting the world on fire. 446 00:30:54,119 --> 00:30:56,417 You can't stop scientists speculating. 447 00:30:56,455 --> 00:31:01,256 Woollyโ€”minded speculation and talk. That's what I aim to stop. 448 00:31:01,293 --> 00:31:06,959 I tell you, Professor, I've just had a bellyful of fancyโ€”thinking experts. 449 00:31:06,998 --> 00:31:08,966 Can't pin 'em down on anything. 450 00:31:09,000 --> 00:31:12,663 Of course there really aren't any experts in this field. 451 00:31:12,704 --> 00:31:15,070 โ€” What? โ€” Not really. It's too new. 452 00:31:16,408 --> 00:31:19,104 That's about the best news I've had in weeks. 453 00:31:21,279 --> 00:31:26,216 But for me to be able to do my job, uh, there's a lot of things I have to know. 454 00:31:26,251 --> 00:31:28,378 Oh, yes, there's plenty to know. 455 00:31:30,188 --> 00:31:33,555 Do you think that you could explain it to me? 456 00:31:35,327 --> 00:31:38,353 Sure. What would you like to know? 457 00:31:55,947 --> 00:31:58,973 โ€” How did it go? โ€” He's only a general. 458 00:31:59,084 --> 00:32:02,487 โ€” It could be important. โ€” Relax. I played him like a violin. 459 00:32:02,487 --> 00:32:04,478 Robert. 460 00:32:04,523 --> 00:32:06,514 I played him like a violin. 461 00:32:10,529 --> 00:32:12,190 Where's Peter? 462 00:32:13,098 --> 00:32:15,259 He's home with the babyโ€”sitter. 463 00:32:16,268 --> 00:32:19,635 Steve Nelson came by and I didn't know what to do. 464 00:32:19,671 --> 00:32:24,131 (Sighs) I should have told him to go away but he's been good to me. 465 00:32:24,176 --> 00:32:26,167 I'm sory 466 00:32:26,211 --> 00:32:31,012 No. We have a right to see our friends. 467 00:32:40,559 --> 00:32:43,255 He was at the party when we met, remember? 468 00:32:44,463 --> 00:32:47,091 Gave a speech. We ran off to a bar. 469 00:32:48,533 --> 00:32:51,400 โ€” Hadn't been for that speech... โ€” I should've told him to go away. 470 00:32:51,436 --> 00:32:54,132 โ€” Damn it, I should have. โ€” Take it easy. 471 00:32:58,743 --> 00:33:04,204 # Well, there once was a union maid who never was afraid 472 00:33:04,249 --> 00:33:06,877 # Of the goons and the ginks and the company finks 473 00:33:06,918 --> 00:33:10,581 # And the deputy sheriffs who made the raid... # 474 00:33:10,622 --> 00:33:12,647 โ€” (Door opens) โ€” Oh. 475 00:33:12,691 --> 00:33:18,152 Excuse me. I guess some people never grow up but I do like that song and so does he, I think. 476 00:33:18,196 --> 00:33:19,686 โ€” So do I. โ€” Don't you? 477 00:33:19,898 --> 00:33:21,923 โ€” (Baby whines) โ€” Good. 478 00:33:21,967 --> 00:33:24,265 โ€” Hey, good. โ€” Can I get you a drink, Steve? 479 00:33:24,302 --> 00:33:27,430 โ€” Well, I could sure do with some coffee. โ€” You got it. 480 00:33:27,472 --> 00:33:29,440 โ€” (Baby cries) โ€” Oh, it's all right. 481 00:33:29,474 --> 00:33:33,001 โ€” Keep on singing. โ€” Well, now, what's the chorus to that song? 482 00:33:33,044 --> 00:33:34,671 Let's sing the chorus. 483 00:33:34,713 --> 00:33:38,649 # Well, you don't get me, I'm sticking to the union 484 00:33:38,683 --> 00:33:41,982 # You don't get me, I'm sticking to the union 485 00:33:42,020 --> 00:33:48,084 # You don't get me, I'm sticking to the union till the day I die 486 00:33:48,126 --> 00:33:51,584 # Till the day I die # 487 00:33:51,630 --> 00:33:53,621 Hi, Bob, Martha. 488 00:33:55,634 --> 00:33:59,297 Would you mind leaving? I've got an important phone call to make. 489 00:34:13,218 --> 00:34:15,880 โ€” Hi, Lloyd. Steve. โ€” Hi. 490 00:34:15,921 --> 00:34:19,049 Hi. Listen, I bumped into that guy Oppenheimer today. 491 00:34:19,090 --> 00:34:21,251 โ€” Oh, really? โ€” Just casual. 492 00:34:21,293 --> 00:34:25,286 โ€” But he was very friendly, very cordial. โ€” So what about it? Can you approach him? 493 00:34:25,330 --> 00:34:28,925 Well, that's what I was thinking but I can't decide. 494 00:34:30,569 --> 00:34:35,632 Well, he used to be quite active before the war but not at all lately as far as I know. 495 00:34:35,674 --> 00:34:38,302 Mmm. Well, what do you think? 496 00:34:38,343 --> 00:34:40,311 From what joe says... 497 00:34:40,345 --> 00:34:44,679 joe, works up at the radiation lab in Berkeley. Used to be a student of Oppenheimer's. 498 00:34:44,716 --> 00:34:47,184 (Lloyd) Oh, yeah. Well, just sound him out 499 00:34:47,218 --> 00:34:49,516 โ€” (Steve) just stroke him? โ€” Yeah. 500 00:34:49,554 --> 00:34:52,250 (Steve) The question is like who and where? 501 00:34:52,290 --> 00:34:56,659 (Lloyd) Yeah. Well, how about you? Or whatโ€™s his name, Joe? 502 00:34:56,761 --> 00:34:59,992 (Steve) No, no, definitely not Heโ€™s jumpy enough as it is. 503 00:35:00,932 --> 00:35:05,631 (Lloyd) Well, maybe just put him out on the cocktail circuit, get to him one way or another. 504 00:35:05,670 --> 00:35:07,103 (Steve) Yeah, sure. 505 00:35:15,046 --> 00:35:17,207 โ€” Got your peanuts. โ€” Thanks, Nick. 506 00:35:17,248 --> 00:35:20,615 Got us a reservation for the second sitting. They're singing trout. 507 00:35:20,652 --> 00:35:22,984 Fine. 508 00:35:23,021 --> 00:35:24,682 Any news from Chicago? 509 00:35:24,889 --> 00:35:28,017 I gather it's taking longer to build than expected. 510 00:35:28,059 --> 00:35:29,424 Delay, delay. 511 00:35:29,461 --> 00:35:34,125 But have success with the chain reaction. They'll be transmitting a signal. 512 00:35:34,165 --> 00:35:36,690 The Italian navigator has landed in the New World. 513 00:35:38,069 --> 00:35:41,436 โ€” The what? โ€” It's a humorous reference to Dr. Fermi. 514 00:35:47,412 --> 00:35:50,939 I liked that fella, you know. That fella in Berkeley. 515 00:35:50,982 --> 00:35:53,280 โ€” Lawrence? โ€” Oh, sure, Lawrence. 516 00:35:53,318 --> 00:35:56,446 That other guy. Oppenheimer. 517 00:35:56,554 --> 00:35:58,545 God, he's a smart fella. 518 00:35:59,424 --> 00:36:01,654 Yet no... fancy stuff. 519 00:36:01,860 --> 00:36:03,851 No airs. 520 00:36:04,896 --> 00:36:07,057 Could understand him. 521 00:36:07,098 --> 00:36:09,089 Sanskrit. Huh! 522 00:36:10,035 --> 00:36:13,163 I'll bet he could us Sanskrit too if he wanted. 523 00:36:13,204 --> 00:36:15,195 What do we know about him? 524 00:36:17,375 --> 00:36:22,574 Julius Robert Oppenheimer, born 1904, educated Harvard University, University of Cambridge... 525 00:36:22,614 --> 00:36:24,946 No... summary. 526 00:36:24,983 --> 00:36:31,149 Well, he's reckoned to be a firstโ€”class teacher but not a firstโ€”class scientist. 527 00:36:31,189 --> 00:36:34,090 โ€” What does that mean? โ€” He won't win a Nobel prize. 528 00:36:35,393 --> 00:36:38,419 โ€” Is that important? โ€” In their world it is. 529 00:36:39,297 --> 00:36:41,595 It's not important to me. 530 00:36:41,633 --> 00:36:45,296 In fact, thank God. We don't need any more prima donnas. 531 00:36:47,272 --> 00:36:49,263 All I know is I can talk to him. 532 00:36:50,408 --> 00:36:52,399 I like what he has to say. 533 00:36:54,713 --> 00:36:58,672 โ€” Can we get him here? โ€” What, here? On the train? 534 00:37:00,885 --> 00:37:05,948 Well, if he can get a military plane out of Oakland, he could catch us in Chicago. 535 00:37:05,990 --> 00:37:08,356 I'd have to send a wire from Omaha. 536 00:37:08,393 --> 00:37:10,861 โ€” Do it. โ€” Right. 537 00:37:11,963 --> 00:37:14,124 He understands security. 538 00:37:14,165 --> 00:37:16,463 The first one. 539 00:37:16,501 --> 00:37:20,028 And I don't give a damn about any Nobel Prizes. 540 00:37:20,071 --> 00:37:23,563 He's the kind of guy I want to see brought into the heart of the project. 541 00:37:24,943 --> 00:37:27,104 Maybe not. 542 00:37:27,145 --> 00:37:29,010 What? 543 00:37:29,047 --> 00:37:32,881 โ€” Some information here from the FBI. โ€” Oh, for God's sake. 544 00:37:32,917 --> 00:37:35,681 His wife's a oneโ€”time member of the Communist Party. 545 00:37:35,887 --> 00:37:39,948 His brother and sisterโ€”inโ€”law are current and active members. 546 00:37:39,991 --> 00:37:44,894 His exโ€”girlfriend, a woman named jean Tatlock, is thought to be a current member. 547 00:37:44,929 --> 00:37:50,094 He himself has had many contacts with leftโ€”wing organizations in the Bay area. 548 00:37:51,436 --> 00:37:54,132 Subscriber to the People's World Newspaper. 549 00:37:54,172 --> 00:37:56,470 He's active in a teachers' union. 550 00:37:56,574 --> 00:38:00,442 At present, he's under roundโ€”theโ€”clock surveillance. 551 00:38:01,980 --> 00:38:04,278 Better forget about that telegram. 552 00:38:06,518 --> 00:38:09,146 No. Send him. 553 00:38:31,309 --> 00:38:33,300 General? It's Nichols. 554 00:38:44,055 --> 00:38:45,386 Come right in. 555 00:38:47,192 --> 00:38:49,183 Have a seat. Uh... 556 00:38:51,162 --> 00:38:53,460 โ€” Good flight? โ€” A little bumpy. 557 00:38:54,699 --> 00:38:56,690 โ€” Just made it. โ€” Yeah. 558 00:38:58,436 --> 00:39:03,066 The reason I asked you here is I liked some of the things you were saying in Berkeley 559 00:39:03,107 --> 00:39:06,941 and there are a few things on my mind I'd appreciate talking over with you. 560 00:39:06,978 --> 00:39:08,468 Sure. 561 00:39:08,513 --> 00:39:12,347 My number one headache at this moment is security. 562 00:39:12,383 --> 00:39:15,511 I can't seem to get it across to these scientists... 563 00:39:15,553 --> 00:39:17,077 you scientists, 564 00:39:17,121 --> 00:39:21,217 how important it is to restrict the flow of information. 565 00:39:21,259 --> 00:39:23,124 Quit blabbing to each other. 566 00:39:23,161 --> 00:39:27,120 Well, you see, you're asking them to go against their whole tradition. 567 00:39:27,165 --> 00:39:30,430 Well, to heck with tradition, Professor. This is wartime. 568 00:39:30,468 --> 00:39:34,598 โ€” Oh, I think they'll come round. โ€” Well, not soon enough for me. 569 00:39:34,639 --> 00:39:40,475 Look, uh, one idea I had to get some kind of control is... 570 00:39:40,511 --> 00:39:43,036 to get the whole lot of them into the Army. 571 00:39:44,082 --> 00:39:46,380 How does that sound to you? 572 00:39:46,417 --> 00:39:48,408 All right. 573 00:39:48,453 --> 00:39:52,355 You wouldn't object personally? Uniforms, ranks... 574 00:39:52,390 --> 00:39:54,381 I don't think so. 575 00:39:55,393 --> 00:39:59,056 But that doesn't get to the heart of your problem. 576 00:39:59,097 --> 00:40:05,263 If you cut everybody off from each other, you've got security, certainly, but... you see... 577 00:40:06,271 --> 00:40:12,437 scientific research is basically a collaborative art, especially on a project like this. 578 00:40:12,477 --> 00:40:14,945 One person may come up with a part of the answer 579 00:40:14,979 --> 00:40:20,042 but he won't get there by himself but another person may have another part of the answer 580 00:40:20,084 --> 00:40:24,487 and then a couple of other people will add a little bit more and that's the way it works. 581 00:40:24,522 --> 00:40:31,086 But if you have everybody shut off in little departments, nobody talking to anybody else... 582 00:40:32,096 --> 00:40:34,462 Well... what's the answer? 583 00:40:35,533 --> 00:40:38,161 Cut the knot. 584 00:40:38,202 --> 00:40:44,300 Bring all the specialists together in one laboratory where they can all talk to each other 585 00:40:44,342 --> 00:40:46,640 and then cut them off from the rest of the world. 586 00:40:49,380 --> 00:40:52,508 โ€” One center. โ€” A single central laboratory. 587 00:40:53,584 --> 00:40:55,108 And put a wire round it. 588 00:40:56,120 --> 00:40:58,645 โ€” Uh... well... โ€” Sure. 589 00:40:58,756 --> 00:41:03,090 And guards and dogs. And screen out the undesirables. 590 00:41:05,229 --> 00:41:07,390 The undesirables? 591 00:41:10,468 --> 00:41:12,436 Nick, take a walk. 592 00:41:12,470 --> 00:41:14,438 Sir. 593 00:41:29,620 --> 00:41:32,316 Now, what is all this damned nonsense? 594 00:41:33,324 --> 00:41:34,985 I can't understand it, 595 00:41:35,026 --> 00:41:40,692 an intelligent man like you mixed up in all this... communistic leftโ€”wing garbage. 596 00:41:43,701 --> 00:41:45,726 It's beyond me. 597 00:41:45,937 --> 00:41:50,636 I could understand it if you came from some godforsaken European slum 598 00:41:50,675 --> 00:41:53,701 but this is America and you're an American. 599 00:41:54,579 --> 00:41:58,015 I'm an American that's spent a good deal of time abroad. 600 00:41:58,116 --> 00:42:00,050 More's the pity maybe. 601 00:42:01,285 --> 00:42:07,121 Look, Professor...I operate from a very simple premise, 602 00:42:07,158 --> 00:42:09,319 one that's stood me well. 603 00:42:09,360 --> 00:42:11,521 This is the best country in the world 604 00:42:11,562 --> 00:42:15,225 and there's not another one that comes within a hundred miles of it. 605 00:42:15,266 --> 00:42:19,362 We have the best businessmen in the world, we have the best athletes, 606 00:42:19,404 --> 00:42:22,931 we have the best... movie stars. 607 00:42:23,708 --> 00:42:28,941 I know we got the best soldiers in the world and you go right on down the line. 608 00:42:29,647 --> 00:42:31,615 This is the American century. 609 00:42:34,285 --> 00:42:36,310 Now, you think about it. 610 00:42:36,354 --> 00:42:41,223 In your own field, are you telling me we don't have the best scientists in the world? 611 00:42:41,259 --> 00:42:46,526 We have some of them. Milligan, Compton, Lawrence, but not all of them. 612 00:42:47,231 --> 00:42:50,098 Well, who else is there? 613 00:42:50,134 --> 00:42:53,797 Fermi's from Italy, Hans Bethe's from Germany, 614 00:42:53,838 --> 00:42:55,999 Wigner and Teller are from Hungary... 615 00:42:56,040 --> 00:43:00,067 All right. All right. And where are they now? These fellas with the funny names? 616 00:43:00,111 --> 00:43:01,840 โ€” Where are they now? โ€” Now? 617 00:43:01,879 --> 00:43:04,245 Right now. 618 00:43:04,282 --> 00:43:07,080 Hans Bethe's in Cornell, Fermi's in Chicago... 619 00:43:07,118 --> 00:43:10,315 โ€” They're in the United States. โ€” Yes. 620 00:43:10,354 --> 00:43:13,551 And that's it! The American way. 621 00:43:14,559 --> 00:43:19,087 If we can't grow 'em ourselves, we bring 'em in. 622 00:43:19,130 --> 00:43:22,497 Bring 'em. They fight to get in. 623 00:43:22,533 --> 00:43:24,524 This is America. 624 00:43:25,536 --> 00:43:28,596 This is the American century. 625 00:43:30,475 --> 00:43:33,103 โ€” You may be right. โ€” There's no maybe. 626 00:43:35,279 --> 00:43:37,270 I want to ask you a question. 627 00:43:38,349 --> 00:43:40,010 Are you a Communist? 628 00:43:41,586 --> 00:43:43,747 No. 629 00:43:43,955 --> 00:43:46,253 Have you ever been a Communist? 630 00:43:46,290 --> 00:43:48,588 No. 631 00:43:48,626 --> 00:43:51,220 Then why are half your damn friends Communists? 632 00:43:51,963 --> 00:43:53,954 Not quite half. 633 00:43:59,070 --> 00:44:01,470 If only your ideas weren't so good... 634 00:44:07,178 --> 00:44:12,047 What about this, uh... bomb laboratory? 635 00:44:12,083 --> 00:44:14,074 Where do we put it? 636 00:44:15,686 --> 00:44:18,985 โ€” What do you need? โ€” Somewhere isolated. 637 00:44:19,023 --> 00:44:24,689 We put it near a big city, the bastards'll be sneaking under the wire every night, I know. 638 00:44:24,729 --> 00:44:27,357 โ€” Canada? โ€” Foreign government. 639 00:44:27,398 --> 00:44:29,559 There'll be enough red tape as it is. 640 00:44:29,600 --> 00:44:35,596 It's too cold up there. They have sixโ€”month winters, helluva problem with construction. 641 00:44:35,640 --> 00:44:38,108 No, it's got to be in the United States. 642 00:44:39,177 --> 00:44:43,170 Somewhere isolated... and short winters. 643 00:44:49,754 --> 00:44:51,745 What? 644 00:44:52,957 --> 00:44:54,754 I think I may know just the place. 645 00:45:28,292 --> 00:45:30,317 (Groves) Well, it's isolated anyway. 646 00:45:36,267 --> 00:45:38,428 What are those kids doing up here, Oppie? 647 00:45:38,469 --> 00:45:42,565 Those buildings over there, that's the, uh... Los Alamos Boys School. 648 00:45:42,607 --> 00:45:46,270 School? So you got housing in place already? 649 00:45:46,310 --> 00:45:48,141 โ€” Mmm. โ€” Good. 650 00:45:49,180 --> 00:45:52,672 How many people do you think we'd need up here, uh... maximum? 651 00:45:52,717 --> 00:45:54,344 150, 200. 652 00:45:54,385 --> 00:45:57,081 I think that might be an underestimate. 653 00:45:58,589 --> 00:46:01,217 โ€” I don't think so. โ€” On other projects I've worked on... 654 00:46:01,259 --> 00:46:04,057 โ€” 200 maximum. โ€” Sir, I think you're making... 655 00:46:04,095 --> 00:46:06,256 OK, Nichols, button it up. 656 00:46:10,701 --> 00:46:12,692 Now, look, Oppie, I want... 657 00:46:17,241 --> 00:46:19,209 Oh, heck. 658 00:46:25,549 --> 00:46:27,517 Nichols. 659 00:46:31,489 --> 00:46:34,424 Come on, Nick. There's a lot of pressure. 660 00:46:34,458 --> 00:46:36,926 I've got to have somebody to kick around. 661 00:46:36,961 --> 00:46:40,328 Not in front of anybody else. No more. 662 00:46:42,600 --> 00:46:45,296 โ€” OK. โ€” I mean it, General. 663 00:46:47,938 --> 00:46:49,565 (Bleeping) 664 00:46:58,949 --> 00:47:00,143 OK? 665 00:47:00,184 --> 00:47:02,175 (Nichols) Yes. 666 00:47:03,454 --> 00:47:06,321 General, there's a message from Chicago. 667 00:47:09,627 --> 00:47:11,618 Yeah. Go ahead. 668 00:47:11,662 --> 00:47:13,493 This is he. 669 00:47:15,299 --> 00:47:17,597 Again. 670 00:47:19,503 --> 00:47:21,664 Very good. Thank you. 671 00:47:23,307 --> 00:47:26,674 The Italian navigator has landed in the New World. 672 00:47:27,978 --> 00:47:29,639 God bless Fermi. 673 00:47:30,948 --> 00:47:33,644 โ€” We have a chain reaction. โ€” You betcha. 674 00:47:35,553 --> 00:47:38,249 โ€” Well, that is good news. โ€” Hah. 675 00:47:38,289 --> 00:47:40,314 โ€” You must be relieved. โ€” Yeah. 676 00:47:40,358 --> 00:47:43,122 There's nothing standing in our way now. 677 00:47:45,196 --> 00:47:46,527 There's $2 billion. 678 00:47:48,132 --> 00:47:50,430 It's a soundless... 679 00:47:50,468 --> 00:47:54,131 โ€” It's a silent movie? โ€” Silent movie! 680 00:47:54,171 --> 00:47:56,935 โ€” The Four Horsemen Of The Apocalypse. โ€” No. 681 00:47:57,041 --> 00:48:00,444 โ€” Uh... โ€” The whole thing, everything together. 682 00:48:00,444 --> 00:48:01,934 What an actor. 683 00:48:01,979 --> 00:48:03,606 Gangster. Steal... 684 00:48:03,647 --> 00:48:06,047 (All talk at once) 685 00:48:08,586 --> 00:48:10,918 The Birth Of The Nations. 686 00:48:10,955 --> 00:48:12,946 Third word. 687 00:48:14,091 --> 00:48:16,082 The Day They Robbed... 688 00:48:16,127 --> 00:48:18,595 Doctor? 689 00:48:18,629 --> 00:48:21,427 โ€” The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. โ€” (All) Oh! 690 00:48:22,900 --> 00:48:24,891 (All talk at once) 691 00:48:28,372 --> 00:48:32,468 (Radio) Solomon islands. The Navy Department announces Army and Navy aircraft 692 00:48:32,510 --> 00:48:36,776 continue daylight attacks on enemy positions on Guadalcanal. 693 00:48:36,814 --> 00:48:41,513 Tunisia. The British 8th Army continues to advance on Misratah. 694 00:48:41,552 --> 00:48:46,114 Germany. RAF attacks Duisburg, Germany, for the 56th time. 695 00:48:46,157 --> 00:48:48,785 Eleven bombers reported missing. 696 00:48:48,826 --> 00:48:55,197 Russia. Inside Stalingrad, Moscow reports 300โ€”400 meter advance in factory district 697 00:48:55,232 --> 00:48:57,928 Heavy Nazi counterattacks repulsed 698 00:48:58,035 --> 00:48:59,969 However; Berlin Radio announces 699 00:49:00,004 --> 00:49:03,531 German High Command well satisfied with the fighting in Russia, 700 00:49:03,574 --> 00:49:07,203 which, the Nazis say, has resulted in the destruction, or capture, 701 00:49:07,244 --> 00:49:10,611 of 70,000 Russian tanks, 70,000 guns 702 00:49:10,648 --> 00:49:14,277 and a total of one million Red Army prisoners of war. 703 00:49:14,318 --> 00:49:18,414 โ€” Jesus, what's going on over there? โ€” One million prisoners? 704 00:49:18,456 --> 00:49:22,290 โ€” What are those idiots in Washington doing? โ€” They swore there'd be a second front. 705 00:49:22,326 --> 00:49:24,794 Please. I'll tell you what they're doing, nothing. 706 00:49:24,829 --> 00:49:27,423 Sitting on their asses while Russia goes down the drain. 707 00:49:27,465 --> 00:49:30,229 โ€” Oh, stop it, Haakon. โ€” What did I do? 708 00:49:30,267 --> 00:49:33,259 When Russia gets into it, you know when to switch. 709 00:49:33,304 --> 00:49:35,966 โ€” Now, Robert. โ€” Never mind, Kitty. 710 00:49:36,006 --> 00:49:40,102 โ€” The dogs bark but the... โ€” He is a dog too. 711 00:49:40,144 --> 00:49:43,272 Oh, it's those Army jerks he's been his spending time with. 712 00:49:43,314 --> 00:49:45,305 It's gone to his head. 713 00:49:47,284 --> 00:49:49,081 I'll get the champagne. 714 00:49:49,119 --> 00:49:51,053 We've got four minutes. 715 00:49:57,061 --> 00:49:58,119 Uhโ€”oh. 716 00:50:09,306 --> 00:50:11,331 I don't even know how to behave. 717 00:50:12,710 --> 00:50:17,238 Robert, he shouldn't even be in the house. It's so dangerous. 718 00:50:17,281 --> 00:50:20,409 We'll be getting out of here soon, no more problems. 719 00:50:20,451 --> 00:50:22,442 I wish it was now. 720 00:50:25,322 --> 00:50:27,313 Forgive me? 721 00:50:32,162 --> 00:50:34,995 โ€” (Knock on door) โ€” Can I be of any assistance? 722 00:50:36,634 --> 00:50:38,625 He's all yours. 723 00:50:42,439 --> 00:50:44,430 Two minutes. 724 00:50:48,279 --> 00:50:50,440 โ€” Sony โ€” Forget it. 725 00:50:51,649 --> 00:50:54,948 I'm edgy. Too much work. 726 00:50:54,985 --> 00:50:56,612 Sure. 727 00:50:57,588 --> 00:50:59,385 Want a preliminary? 728 00:50:59,423 --> 00:51:01,152 Yeah. 729 00:51:08,599 --> 00:51:10,430 Here you go. 730 00:51:10,467 --> 00:51:12,628 โ€” (Popping) โ€” Oh. There we are. 731 00:51:14,305 --> 00:51:16,296 Happy New Year. 732 00:51:19,043 --> 00:51:21,034 It's been a good year for you. 733 00:51:22,279 --> 00:51:24,270 Kitty. 734 00:51:24,315 --> 00:51:26,340 You ever see jean these days? 735 00:51:26,383 --> 00:51:30,444 Jean? Once in a while. 736 00:51:30,487 --> 00:51:33,354 โ€” How is she? โ€” Sad. 737 00:51:39,663 --> 00:51:41,631 โ€” Robert? โ€” Yeah. 738 00:51:42,633 --> 00:51:45,397 โ€” I'd better not. โ€” What is it? 739 00:51:46,136 --> 00:51:49,071 It's just that Russian news. It really... 740 00:51:49,106 --> 00:51:51,574 โ€” I'll shut up. โ€” It bothers me too. 741 00:51:51,609 --> 00:51:54,476 โ€” Really? โ€” What do you think I am nowadays? 742 00:51:54,511 --> 00:51:56,979 Sure it does. 743 00:51:57,081 --> 00:52:00,016 They're having a rough time, poor bastards 744 00:52:01,285 --> 00:52:03,446 If they break in Stalingrad... 745 00:52:05,255 --> 00:52:07,553 How much are you able to do for them? 746 00:52:08,459 --> 00:52:11,986 Well, all that stuff you're working on up at the radiation lab. 747 00:52:12,029 --> 00:52:15,157 Robert, it's common knowledge it's pretty big. 748 00:52:15,199 --> 00:52:18,566 โ€” Are you able to share it with the Soviets? โ€” No. 749 00:52:18,602 --> 00:52:20,593 That's crazy. 750 00:52:20,638 --> 00:52:22,629 โ€” Sure it is. โ€” You think so? 751 00:52:22,673 --> 00:52:25,141 Yeah. They're our allies. 752 00:52:26,210 --> 00:52:30,670 We should be giving them our research and getting theirs in return, no question. 753 00:52:35,452 --> 00:52:38,944 โ€” You know, it could be done. โ€” What? 754 00:52:38,989 --> 00:52:43,085 There's a guy I know, an Englishman called George Eltenton. 755 00:52:43,127 --> 00:52:46,119 He has contacts with the Soviet Embassy. 756 00:52:46,163 --> 00:52:49,826 If you felt there was something the Soviets should have. 757 00:52:49,867 --> 00:52:52,358 Do you know what you're saying? 758 00:52:53,637 --> 00:52:57,630 (Laughs) Right. What's keeping those two lovebirds? 759 00:52:57,741 --> 00:53:02,479 โ€” I bet they're well into the champagne by now. โ€” They would too, those sons of bitches. 760 00:53:02,479 --> 00:53:05,812 โ€” Oh, are you all right? โ€” Kitty. 761 00:53:05,849 --> 00:53:08,181 โ€” Let Bob do it. โ€” Yes, please, let me do it. 762 00:53:08,218 --> 00:53:10,015 โ€” Right. โ€” Stay here. 763 00:53:10,054 --> 00:53:12,045 (Both whispering) 764 00:53:13,057 --> 00:53:15,218 Sony It's one minute to, uh? 765 00:53:15,259 --> 00:53:17,420 โ€” Right. โ€” Help me bring the bottles. 766 00:53:17,461 --> 00:53:19,554 And my glass. 767 00:53:19,596 --> 00:53:21,564 Look at this! 768 00:53:21,598 --> 00:53:24,726 One for you and for me. Careful, don't get wet. 769 00:53:24,768 --> 00:53:27,396 โ€” Any minute now. โ€” (Chiming) 770 00:53:27,438 --> 00:53:31,340 (All) Happy New Year! 771 00:53:33,077 --> 00:53:35,102 The radio, wait a minute. Wait. 772 00:53:35,145 --> 00:53:37,136 โ€” We gotta sing. โ€” (All) Yes. 773 00:53:37,181 --> 00:53:39,479 (Radio blares and all talk at once) 774 00:53:47,157 --> 00:53:52,060 # Should auld acquaintance be forgot 775 00:53:52,096 --> 00:53:56,192 # And never brought to mind 776 00:53:56,233 --> 00:54:00,294 # Should auld acquaintance be forgot 777 00:54:00,337 --> 00:54:04,239 # For the sake of auld lang syne 778 00:54:04,274 --> 00:54:07,334 # For auld lang syne... 779 00:54:07,377 --> 00:54:09,038 (Laughter and chattering) 780 00:54:09,079 --> 00:54:12,014 # For auld lang syne 781 00:54:12,049 --> 00:54:15,985 # We'll drink a cup of kindness yet 782 00:54:16,019 --> 00:54:19,853 # For the sake of auld lang syne... # 783 00:54:24,962 --> 00:54:26,953 Happy New Year. 784 00:54:28,532 --> 00:54:31,467 โ€” Anything happened? โ€” Are you kidding me? 785 00:54:36,473 --> 00:54:38,964 You know this is crazy. 786 00:54:39,009 --> 00:54:43,503 We sit here. How the hell do we know what's going on inside? 787 00:54:44,882 --> 00:54:46,679 Relax, will you? 788 00:54:47,684 --> 00:54:51,677 We got a new directive from Washington this morning. 789 00:54:51,722 --> 00:54:56,250 Tomorrow a couple of the technical boys are gonna go inside, 790 00:54:56,293 --> 00:55:00,059 leave 'em a few New Year's presents scattered around. 791 00:55:00,097 --> 00:55:03,498 In the phones, behind the pictures. 792 00:55:07,538 --> 00:55:10,632 (Distant chattering and laughter) 793 00:55:10,674 --> 00:55:12,665 # ..drink a cup of kindness, dear 794 00:55:12,709 --> 00:55:17,043 # For the sake of auld lang syne # 67153

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