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♪
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♪
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♪
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♪
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Attenborough:
Forests at first sight
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may seem quiet and tranquil.
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♪
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But today, we can explore them
in new ways...
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♪
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...and from a new perspective.
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♪
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And in fact, they're full
of unexpected connections,
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relationships,
and even secret messages.
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[Insect chirping]
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♪
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♪
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Only now are we discovering
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how strange and complex
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forests actually are.
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♪
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♪
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[Birds chirping]
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The rainforest of Borneo.
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♪
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A pair
of oriental pied hornbills
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are renewing
their partnership.
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♪
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They mate for life...
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♪
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...and this year's
nesting season is just starting.
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♪
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Before they face
the challenges ahead,
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they reaffirm their bond.
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♪
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And they do so...
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with an unusual ritual...
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[Bats squeaking]...at the entrance to a bat cave
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that they know well.
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♪
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♪
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[Bird squawking]
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♪
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[Bat wings fluttering]
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♪
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This rather curious gift
isn't normally on their menu...
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...but it both
demonstrates devotion
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and reassures the female that
her mate will provide for her.
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In the coming weeks,
she will depend on him
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in the most extraordinary way.
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[Wings flapping]
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Nesting is a dangerous time
for any bird.
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The hole in this tree trunk
will provide vital protection.
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Just what she wants.
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♪
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Once settled inside,
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the female does something
truly bizarre.
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♪
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She pulls out
her flight feathers.
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♪
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She is not
going to need them
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because she will be staying
in here for quite some time.
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♪
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It's not only
a little cramped,
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it also lacks
basic amenities.
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♪
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Now her partner brings her
a beak full of mud...
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♪
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...and she begins
to seal herself in.
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♪
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♪
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[Beak thumping]
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She has turned the tree hole
into a predator-proof fortress.
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♪
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♪
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But it's also...
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a prison.
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♪
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[Wings flapping]
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♪
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♪
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Her partner, however,
is a regular visitor.
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♪
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For the next two months,
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he will deliver all her food
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directly to her door.
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♪
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♪
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But she can be fussy.
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♪
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[Fruit thuds]
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♪
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He's going to have
his work cut out.
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♪
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♪
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♪
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♪
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♪
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♪
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♪
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Delicious.
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♪
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It may seem that he has been
doing all the work...
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but she too has been
fully occupied.
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The food he has brought
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has enabled her
to produce two precious eggs.
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♪
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She will keep them safe
for another six weeks,
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until the young
have grown and fledged.
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♪
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And then both she and they will
break out of their confinement.
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♪
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♪
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But until then...
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this devoted couple are
going to be very busy indeed.
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♪
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Narrator: Join us on
an extraordinary journey...
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♪♪
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...to a world
never revealed before.
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♪♪
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Who knows what is still
out there to be discovered.
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♪♪
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♪
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The warmth and the moisture
of rainforests
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enables their inhabitants
to flourish
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in both numbers and variety.
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[Birds squawking in distance]
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And here in the Amazon
live many strange species.
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[Insect humming]
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♪
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This is a tree hopper...
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...one of hundreds of different
types in this forest.
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♪
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♪
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They not only have
a bizarre appearance...
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...but they also communicate...
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[Treehopper croaking]
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...in a remarkable way too.
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[Treehoppers bellowing]
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[Insect humming]
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Vibrating their bodies,
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they send signals through
the forest plants they live on.
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00:11:28,520 --> 00:11:31,000
[Treehoppers croaking]
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00:11:41,000 --> 00:11:43,200
Most of these messages
we can only hear
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by using special microphones.
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00:11:45,600 --> 00:11:48,200
[Treehopper chirps]
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00:11:52,600 --> 00:11:56,720
Each treehopper species
has its own repertoire...
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00:11:56,880 --> 00:12:00,080
[Treehopper hooting]
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00:12:00,160 --> 00:12:05,240
[Treehopper whining]
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...and every sound...
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[Treehopper humming]
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...has its own
particular meaning...
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[Treehopper whines]
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...whether it is
to attract a mate...
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00:12:26,120 --> 00:12:29,120
[Treehopper chirps]...share information
about food...
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[Treehopper croaking]
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...or warn each other
about the arrival of predators.
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♪
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[Treehopper croaks]
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♪
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This treehopper mother
communicates with her young,
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encouraging them
to stay together
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so that
she can protect them...
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[Treehopper chirping]
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♪
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...for there are plenty here
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waiting to eat
young treehoppers.
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♪
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Ants...on the hunt.
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♪
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♪
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Treehoppers know how
to defend themselves...
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[Treehopper croaking]
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00:13:47,160 --> 00:13:50,040
...but not all threats are
so easily dealt with.
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♪
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An assassin bug.
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♪
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00:14:04,040 --> 00:14:08,640
Armed with piercing mouthparts
and sticky front legs...
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00:14:08,800 --> 00:14:15,240
♪
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00:14:15,400 --> 00:14:18,480
...capable of literally
sucking the life
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00:14:18,640 --> 00:14:20,680
out of her entire brood.
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[Treehopper croaking]
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♪
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00:14:31,400 --> 00:14:35,040
She can try to block
the assassin's path...
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00:14:36,960 --> 00:14:38,360
...but she can't
guard them all.
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♪
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She needs help
from friends in high places.
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[ "Ride of the Valkyries"
playing]
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♪
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Bees.
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00:14:54,400 --> 00:15:04,080
♪
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00:15:04,240 --> 00:15:13,800
♪
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♪
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00:15:23,680 --> 00:15:24,960
They're very aggressive.
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♪
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00:15:27,720 --> 00:15:31,000
This is more than
the assassin bug bargained for.
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Mission accomplished.
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Her brood are safe.
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♪
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00:15:42,280 --> 00:15:44,680
The bees don't protect
the treehoppers for free.
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00:15:46,880 --> 00:15:49,840
A little tickle
on a treehopper's back...
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...and they exude
a sugary liquid.
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♪
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00:15:59,720 --> 00:16:01,160
Honeydew.
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00:16:01,320 --> 00:16:04,400
♪
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A sweet reward
for protecting them.
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00:16:07,040 --> 00:16:13,160
♪
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00:16:13,320 --> 00:16:19,840
♪
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00:16:20,000 --> 00:16:22,520
It's just one
of the countless ways
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in which forest species
work together.
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♪
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00:16:33,160 --> 00:16:40,280
♪
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00:16:42,080 --> 00:16:45,720
[Animals calling in distance]
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00:16:45,840 --> 00:16:47,800
In the forests of India,
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you can hear a unique
and truly extraordinary sound.
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[High-pitched whistling]
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00:17:01,920 --> 00:17:04,080
These are dholes...
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♪
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00:17:07,280 --> 00:17:09,960
...wild dogs that whistle.
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00:17:10,120 --> 00:17:15,080
♪
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00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:19,760
Like treehoppers, they too
communicate in secret...
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00:17:19,880 --> 00:17:21,400
but for a different reason.
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♪
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00:17:25,120 --> 00:17:27,200
[Elephants bellow]
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00:17:27,360 --> 00:17:29,520
♪
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00:17:29,640 --> 00:17:33,800
Hunting in a dense teak forest
is difficult...
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00:17:33,920 --> 00:17:35,720
[Dhole panting]
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00:17:35,840 --> 00:17:40,480
...especially so if your prey
is three times your own size.
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00:17:40,640 --> 00:17:45,440
♪
229
00:17:45,560 --> 00:17:49,240
The only way
for dholes to succeed
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00:17:49,360 --> 00:17:51,080
is to work as a team.
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00:17:51,240 --> 00:17:59,240
♪
232
00:17:59,360 --> 00:18:02,520
This family has
four growing pups.
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00:18:02,680 --> 00:18:10,640
♪
234
00:18:10,800 --> 00:18:18,800
♪
235
00:18:18,960 --> 00:18:26,720
♪
236
00:18:26,840 --> 00:18:30,400
A chital deer could feed
the entire pack.
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00:18:30,560 --> 00:18:39,680
♪
238
00:18:39,800 --> 00:18:41,400
The pack must get close...
239
00:18:41,560 --> 00:18:46,240
♪
240
00:18:46,360 --> 00:18:47,960
...without being detected.
241
00:18:48,120 --> 00:18:57,120
♪
242
00:18:57,240 --> 00:19:00,800
[Animals calling]
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00:19:04,000 --> 00:19:06,000
But with eyes and ears
everywhere...
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00:19:09,400 --> 00:19:13,120
...the deer are soon aware
of the dholes' presence.
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00:19:15,000 --> 00:19:22,280
♪
246
00:19:22,400 --> 00:19:25,960
[Peacock crows]
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00:19:26,080 --> 00:19:27,880
The pack can't afford
to give up.
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00:19:28,040 --> 00:19:31,080
♪
249
00:19:31,200 --> 00:19:33,160
They may have
better luck here.
250
00:19:33,320 --> 00:19:37,160
♪
251
00:19:37,280 --> 00:19:40,960
The vegetation is dense
and provides better cover.
252
00:19:41,120 --> 00:19:44,080
♪
253
00:19:44,200 --> 00:19:48,880
But the dholes could easily
lose track of one another...
254
00:19:49,000 --> 00:19:51,240
so they use
their unique whistles.
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00:19:51,400 --> 00:19:54,920
♪
256
00:19:55,040 --> 00:19:58,800
[Dhole whistling]
257
00:20:08,560 --> 00:20:14,520
Only dholes can understand
these quiet, unobtrusive calls.
258
00:20:14,680 --> 00:20:18,000
♪
259
00:20:18,120 --> 00:20:21,000
[Dholes whistling]
260
00:20:21,160 --> 00:20:27,240
♪
261
00:20:27,400 --> 00:20:33,560
♪
262
00:20:33,680 --> 00:20:37,520
Now they take up
their hunting positions...
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00:20:37,680 --> 00:20:43,640
♪
264
00:20:43,760 --> 00:20:46,280
...even though they can't see
each other.
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00:20:46,400 --> 00:20:48,200
[Dholes whistling]
266
00:20:48,360 --> 00:20:58,240
♪
267
00:20:58,400 --> 00:21:08,120
♪
268
00:21:08,240 --> 00:21:11,880
With the deer surrounded...
269
00:21:12,000 --> 00:21:14,120
the dholes wait for the signal
to attack.
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00:21:14,280 --> 00:21:18,200
♪
271
00:21:21,040 --> 00:21:23,520
♪
272
00:21:23,640 --> 00:21:25,160
[Dhole whistling]
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00:21:25,280 --> 00:21:26,680
[Dhole barks]
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00:21:26,840 --> 00:21:34,840
♪
275
00:21:34,960 --> 00:21:37,520
Some of the dholes
split the herd...
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00:21:37,680 --> 00:21:42,000
♪
277
00:21:42,120 --> 00:21:45,680
...and drive a stag towards
others waiting in ambush.
278
00:21:46,880 --> 00:21:48,080
[Dhole barks]
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00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:54,600
♪
280
00:21:54,760 --> 00:22:01,120
♪
281
00:22:01,280 --> 00:22:06,160
♪
282
00:22:06,320 --> 00:22:11,520
♪
283
00:22:11,640 --> 00:22:14,120
[Bird calling in distance]
284
00:22:19,200 --> 00:22:21,920
The dholes' ability
to communicate so quietly
285
00:22:22,040 --> 00:22:24,960
enables them
to stay connected,
286
00:22:25,080 --> 00:22:28,800
and so hunt successfully
in the tangle of their jungle.
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00:22:35,280 --> 00:22:40,760
♪
288
00:22:40,920 --> 00:22:48,000
♪
289
00:22:48,120 --> 00:22:52,200
The mountainous forests
of central China.
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00:22:52,360 --> 00:22:55,880
♪
291
00:22:56,000 --> 00:23:00,800
Until recently, these were among
the least known of forests.
292
00:23:03,880 --> 00:23:06,480
They're full
of swirling mists,
293
00:23:06,600 --> 00:23:11,320
and few outsiders had any idea
of what they might contain.
294
00:23:11,440 --> 00:23:14,480
[Thunder rumbling]
295
00:23:17,560 --> 00:23:19,880
Living in
such dense vegetation,
296
00:23:20,000 --> 00:23:23,560
it's difficult
to make yourself seen...
297
00:23:23,680 --> 00:23:25,840
even when you wantto be.
298
00:23:28,200 --> 00:23:31,840
And that's a problem for this
male Temminck's tragopan.
299
00:23:34,080 --> 00:23:36,640
He has lived most
of his life alone...
300
00:23:39,960 --> 00:23:43,680
...and this is his first
mating season.
301
00:23:43,800 --> 00:23:45,120
[Chirps]
302
00:23:47,080 --> 00:23:49,080
He needs to
make himself conspicuous
303
00:23:49,200 --> 00:23:52,080
in the gloom
of the forest floor,
304
00:23:52,200 --> 00:23:56,120
and he's found a clearing
where he might do so.
305
00:23:59,400 --> 00:24:00,680
A female.
306
00:24:07,520 --> 00:24:09,240
[Caws]
307
00:24:12,000 --> 00:24:14,360
She too is looking for a mate.
308
00:24:17,920 --> 00:24:20,560
This could be his moment.
309
00:24:25,240 --> 00:24:32,040
♪
310
00:24:32,200 --> 00:24:39,040
♪
311
00:24:39,200 --> 00:24:46,040
♪
312
00:24:46,160 --> 00:24:47,280
Oh, dear.
313
00:24:47,400 --> 00:24:49,400
[Chirps]
314
00:24:49,520 --> 00:24:50,600
Stage fright.
315
00:24:50,760 --> 00:24:57,880
♪
316
00:24:58,000 --> 00:24:59,680
And who is this?
317
00:24:59,840 --> 00:25:02,360
♪
318
00:25:02,480 --> 00:25:04,600
The male golden pheasant.
319
00:25:04,760 --> 00:25:07,400
♪
320
00:25:07,520 --> 00:25:11,840
He too has come
to this clearing...
321
00:25:11,960 --> 00:25:13,240
to attract a female.
322
00:25:13,400 --> 00:25:18,960
♪
323
00:25:19,080 --> 00:25:22,600
And he seems
a little more confident.
324
00:25:22,760 --> 00:25:31,920
♪
325
00:25:32,080 --> 00:25:41,200
♪
326
00:25:41,360 --> 00:25:50,600
♪
327
00:25:50,720 --> 00:25:53,720
So...
thatis how it's done.
328
00:25:53,880 --> 00:25:57,120
♪
329
00:25:59,040 --> 00:26:02,400
The tragopan might still
have a chance.
330
00:26:02,520 --> 00:26:04,560
Here is a new female.
331
00:26:07,000 --> 00:26:08,600
But is she interested?
332
00:26:16,640 --> 00:26:18,280
It's time to be bold.
333
00:26:18,400 --> 00:26:20,840
[Chirping]
334
00:26:25,920 --> 00:26:29,120
♪
335
00:26:29,240 --> 00:26:33,800
He pumps up a pair of horns
and a multi-colored bib.
336
00:26:33,960 --> 00:26:37,800
♪
337
00:26:37,920 --> 00:26:39,520
It's a sight
to be wondered at...
338
00:26:39,680 --> 00:26:45,320
♪
339
00:26:45,440 --> 00:26:48,400
...and it has never before
been filmed in the wild.
340
00:26:48,560 --> 00:26:58,040
♪
341
00:26:58,200 --> 00:27:07,480
♪
342
00:27:07,640 --> 00:27:17,120
♪
343
00:27:17,280 --> 00:27:26,320
♪
344
00:27:26,440 --> 00:27:27,920
Not today.
345
00:27:28,080 --> 00:27:30,600
♪
346
00:27:30,720 --> 00:27:32,080
How deflating.
347
00:27:32,240 --> 00:27:36,240
♪
348
00:27:36,360 --> 00:27:37,920
[Chirps]
349
00:27:42,080 --> 00:27:49,080
♪
350
00:27:49,200 --> 00:27:53,000
The temperate rainforests
of western Canada.
351
00:27:53,160 --> 00:27:58,080
♪
352
00:27:58,200 --> 00:28:02,080
Some of the trees here
are a thousand years old.
353
00:28:02,240 --> 00:28:10,560
♪
354
00:28:10,680 --> 00:28:12,240
[Wings fluttering]
355
00:28:12,400 --> 00:28:20,520
♪
356
00:28:20,640 --> 00:28:25,200
It's autumn and the beginning
of a spectacle that each year
357
00:28:25,360 --> 00:28:29,040
transforms this forest
and all that lives in it.
358
00:28:29,200 --> 00:28:38,440
♪
359
00:28:38,560 --> 00:28:42,360
After years at sea,
thousands of Pacific salmon
360
00:28:42,440 --> 00:28:45,440
are returning to these streams
to breed.
361
00:28:45,600 --> 00:28:51,800
♪
362
00:28:51,920 --> 00:28:53,360
[Bear snorts]
363
00:28:53,480 --> 00:28:57,560
And they attract
the forest's rarest resident...
364
00:28:57,720 --> 00:29:07,200
♪
365
00:29:07,360 --> 00:29:16,560
♪
366
00:29:16,680 --> 00:29:18,880
...a spirit bear.
367
00:29:19,040 --> 00:29:21,880
♪
368
00:29:22,040 --> 00:29:24,200
A white variant
of the black bear.
369
00:29:24,360 --> 00:29:30,120
♪
370
00:29:30,280 --> 00:29:35,800
♪
371
00:29:35,920 --> 00:29:38,840
Fewer than 150 exist,
372
00:29:38,960 --> 00:29:42,080
and they're found only here.
373
00:29:47,120 --> 00:29:50,880
♪
374
00:29:51,000 --> 00:29:56,200
This female has fished
for salmon here for 20 years.
375
00:29:56,360 --> 00:30:05,400
♪
376
00:30:05,560 --> 00:30:14,840
♪
377
00:30:15,000 --> 00:30:24,240
♪
378
00:30:24,360 --> 00:30:25,560
Get your timing right...
379
00:30:25,720 --> 00:30:29,160
♪
380
00:30:29,240 --> 00:30:31,200
...and there can be
great rewards.
381
00:30:31,360 --> 00:30:39,160
♪
382
00:30:39,240 --> 00:30:41,440
In her youth, she was in fact
383
00:30:41,560 --> 00:30:44,960
even more successful
than the black bears.
384
00:30:52,440 --> 00:30:55,600
Perhaps her pale coat
makes it difficult for the fish
385
00:30:55,720 --> 00:30:58,680
to see her
against the bright sky,
386
00:30:58,800 --> 00:31:01,000
and that could
give her an advantage.
387
00:31:07,640 --> 00:31:10,880
But now she is old,
388
00:31:11,000 --> 00:31:13,760
and this year
she's finding it hard.
389
00:31:13,920 --> 00:31:23,040
♪
390
00:31:23,200 --> 00:31:32,240
♪
391
00:31:32,400 --> 00:31:41,600
♪
392
00:31:41,680 --> 00:31:45,360
The fishing skills, however,
haven't totally deserted her.
393
00:31:45,520 --> 00:31:50,240
♪
394
00:31:50,360 --> 00:31:54,080
This annual feast
helps her to fatten,
395
00:31:54,200 --> 00:31:56,040
ready for the winter ahead.
396
00:31:58,520 --> 00:32:01,440
♪
397
00:32:01,600 --> 00:32:05,200
But it also helps the patch
of forest where she lives.
398
00:32:05,360 --> 00:32:08,040
♪
399
00:32:08,160 --> 00:32:12,200
This female has an unusual
relationship with the forest.
400
00:32:12,360 --> 00:32:17,280
♪
401
00:32:17,400 --> 00:32:22,040
Every fish carcass
she leaves behind decays,
402
00:32:22,160 --> 00:32:24,920
releasing nutrients
that soak into the soil.
403
00:32:25,080 --> 00:32:30,880
♪
404
00:32:31,040 --> 00:32:32,240
And there...
405
00:32:32,400 --> 00:32:34,680
♪
406
00:32:34,800 --> 00:32:36,760
...they are collected
407
00:32:36,880 --> 00:32:39,160
by a network of fungi.
408
00:32:39,320 --> 00:32:46,720
♪
409
00:32:46,880 --> 00:32:54,560
♪
410
00:32:54,680 --> 00:32:58,120
The threads attach themselves
to the tree's roots...
411
00:32:58,280 --> 00:33:02,400
♪
412
00:33:02,520 --> 00:33:05,640
...and nutrients from the fish
collected by the fungi
413
00:33:05,760 --> 00:33:08,360
are then passed on
to the trees.
414
00:33:08,520 --> 00:33:10,760
♪
415
00:33:10,880 --> 00:33:13,280
As a consequence,
the forest around the river
416
00:33:13,360 --> 00:33:16,360
grows three times
faster than elsewhere.
417
00:33:16,520 --> 00:33:26,560
♪
418
00:33:26,720 --> 00:33:31,720
And some trees here become
as tall as any in the world...
419
00:33:31,840 --> 00:33:34,120
[Bird calling]
420
00:33:34,280 --> 00:33:40,400
♪
421
00:33:40,520 --> 00:33:44,680
...and provide spirit bears
with a healthy forest home.
422
00:33:44,840 --> 00:33:53,200
♪
423
00:33:53,360 --> 00:34:01,800
♪
424
00:34:01,920 --> 00:34:06,080
We now know that such
relationships exist in forests
425
00:34:06,200 --> 00:34:08,440
all over the world.
426
00:34:08,560 --> 00:34:11,760
[Birds chirping]
427
00:34:15,040 --> 00:34:17,160
A kapok.
428
00:34:19,440 --> 00:34:24,440
It started life as a seed
some 200 years ago.
429
00:34:27,320 --> 00:34:31,640
Now it towers 60 meters
above the forest floor...
430
00:34:34,080 --> 00:34:38,680
...and transports 1,000 liters
of nutrient-filled water
431
00:34:38,800 --> 00:34:43,920
from its roots
up to its canopy every day.
432
00:34:47,120 --> 00:34:50,360
[Birds chirping,
leaves rustling]
433
00:34:50,520 --> 00:34:54,040
So this giant
gives life to others.
434
00:35:04,200 --> 00:35:06,920
A whole community
of animals and plants
435
00:35:07,080 --> 00:35:10,640
depends on the well-being
of this one tree.
436
00:35:12,600 --> 00:35:15,120
[Chainsaw whirring in distance]
437
00:35:23,640 --> 00:35:28,360
[Tree creaking]
438
00:35:39,160 --> 00:35:42,080
[Loud thud]
439
00:35:56,400 --> 00:36:00,120
A single cut made in just
a few moments
440
00:36:00,240 --> 00:36:04,120
has broken thousands
of long-established connections.
441
00:36:04,280 --> 00:36:14,080
♪
442
00:36:14,200 --> 00:36:16,280
Across the world's forests,
443
00:36:16,400 --> 00:36:20,400
this story is being repeated...
endlessly.
444
00:36:20,560 --> 00:36:27,360
♪
445
00:36:27,520 --> 00:36:34,160
♪
446
00:36:34,240 --> 00:36:37,720
15 billion trees...
447
00:36:37,840 --> 00:36:40,360
are cut down every year.
448
00:36:40,520 --> 00:36:46,080
♪
449
00:36:46,240 --> 00:36:51,680
♪
450
00:36:51,760 --> 00:36:53,440
Every one of these trees
451
00:36:53,600 --> 00:36:57,080
is in itself
an intricate ecosystem.
452
00:36:57,240 --> 00:37:03,960
♪
453
00:37:04,120 --> 00:37:10,760
♪
454
00:37:10,880 --> 00:37:14,040
But here in the Amazon,
they're being replaced
455
00:37:14,160 --> 00:37:18,120
by plantations
of a single species of tree.
456
00:37:18,280 --> 00:37:27,800
♪
457
00:37:27,920 --> 00:37:31,680
Originally from Australia...
458
00:37:31,800 --> 00:37:35,080
these eucalypts are unable
to build relationships
459
00:37:35,200 --> 00:37:37,920
with most of the native plants
and animals.
460
00:37:38,080 --> 00:37:42,520
♪
461
00:37:42,640 --> 00:37:45,880
[Trees creaking]
462
00:37:46,000 --> 00:37:50,000
And worse, these newcomers
grow so rapidly
463
00:37:50,120 --> 00:37:53,040
they extract nutrients
from the soil
464
00:37:53,120 --> 00:37:55,400
faster than
they can be replaced.
465
00:37:55,560 --> 00:38:02,520
♪
466
00:38:02,680 --> 00:38:04,520
[Birds chirping]
467
00:38:04,640 --> 00:38:09,560
And what was once a rich
and complex world...
468
00:38:09,640 --> 00:38:11,000
[Wind howling]
469
00:38:11,120 --> 00:38:15,080
...becomes little more
than a green desert.
470
00:38:15,240 --> 00:38:23,680
♪
471
00:38:23,840 --> 00:38:32,240
♪
472
00:38:32,400 --> 00:38:41,080
♪
473
00:38:41,240 --> 00:38:44,480
♪
474
00:38:44,600 --> 00:38:47,040
[Leaves rustling]
475
00:38:47,200 --> 00:38:49,960
♪
476
00:38:50,080 --> 00:38:53,640
And at just
five years of age...
477
00:38:53,760 --> 00:38:55,880
their lives are ended.
478
00:38:56,000 --> 00:38:58,800
[Leaves rustle, tree cracks]
479
00:38:58,920 --> 00:39:01,800
They're felled
and taken away.
480
00:39:01,960 --> 00:39:07,280
♪
481
00:39:07,440 --> 00:39:12,920
♪
482
00:39:13,040 --> 00:39:17,600
Their wood is then pulped
to make paper.
483
00:39:17,760 --> 00:39:23,720
♪
484
00:39:23,880 --> 00:39:30,080
♪
485
00:39:30,200 --> 00:39:34,080
And all that remains
of the rich rainforest
486
00:39:34,200 --> 00:39:36,520
are a few tiny patches.
487
00:39:36,680 --> 00:39:45,840
♪
488
00:39:45,960 --> 00:39:51,080
Patches so small that few
of the original inhabitants
489
00:39:51,200 --> 00:39:53,960
are able to survive in them.
490
00:39:55,640 --> 00:39:57,440
♪
491
00:39:57,560 --> 00:39:59,080
[Chimpanzee chittering]
492
00:39:59,240 --> 00:40:01,520
♪
493
00:40:01,640 --> 00:40:04,160
Uganda, East Africa.
494
00:40:04,320 --> 00:40:10,120
♪
495
00:40:10,280 --> 00:40:16,080
♪
496
00:40:16,240 --> 00:40:19,240
This small group
of chimpanzees
497
00:40:19,320 --> 00:40:22,320
have a detailed knowledge
of the forest territory
498
00:40:22,480 --> 00:40:26,200
that they inherited
from previous generations.
499
00:40:26,360 --> 00:40:31,240
♪
500
00:40:31,400 --> 00:40:36,760
♪
501
00:40:36,920 --> 00:40:39,800
They know the best places
to shelter...
502
00:40:39,960 --> 00:40:41,600
to raise their young...
503
00:40:41,760 --> 00:40:45,320
♪
504
00:40:45,440 --> 00:40:46,200
...and to feed.
505
00:40:46,360 --> 00:40:56,120
♪
506
00:40:56,280 --> 00:41:06,280
♪
507
00:41:06,400 --> 00:41:09,360
This fruiting tree...
508
00:41:09,480 --> 00:41:13,840
cannot by itself sustain
the chimps for long.
509
00:41:13,960 --> 00:41:16,240
[Chimpanzees chittering]
510
00:41:16,400 --> 00:41:25,560
♪
511
00:41:25,720 --> 00:41:30,040
♪
512
00:41:30,160 --> 00:41:31,960
[Chimpanzee hooting]
513
00:41:32,080 --> 00:41:36,200
The alpha male signals
that it's time to move on.
514
00:41:36,360 --> 00:41:42,520
♪
515
00:41:42,600 --> 00:41:46,080
Where he goes,
others will follow.
516
00:41:46,240 --> 00:41:55,200
♪
517
00:41:55,360 --> 00:42:04,280
♪
518
00:42:04,400 --> 00:42:07,720
He leads them not to another
fruiting tree...
519
00:42:07,880 --> 00:42:10,000
♪
520
00:42:10,120 --> 00:42:13,000
...but into a new world.
521
00:42:13,080 --> 00:42:16,920
[Vehicles passing]
522
00:42:19,880 --> 00:42:23,400
[Motorbike rumbling]
523
00:42:25,000 --> 00:42:27,480
[Truck rattling]
524
00:42:33,000 --> 00:42:36,920
This road,
only recently built,
525
00:42:37,040 --> 00:42:39,240
has cut through
their territory.
526
00:42:39,360 --> 00:42:43,280
[Truck rumbling]
527
00:42:43,440 --> 00:42:49,280
♪
528
00:42:49,400 --> 00:42:51,240
The alpha male is cautious.
529
00:42:51,400 --> 00:43:00,120
♪
530
00:43:00,280 --> 00:43:03,120
His own mother was killed
on this road.
531
00:43:03,280 --> 00:43:09,080
♪
532
00:43:09,240 --> 00:43:15,040
♪
533
00:43:15,160 --> 00:43:17,120
[Truck horn blaring]
534
00:43:17,280 --> 00:43:21,320
♪
535
00:43:21,480 --> 00:43:22,760
[Horn blares]
536
00:43:26,120 --> 00:43:27,840
He makes sure it's clear
537
00:43:27,960 --> 00:43:31,760
before crossing with the
slower members of his family.
538
00:43:34,240 --> 00:43:39,720
♪
539
00:43:39,880 --> 00:43:45,720
♪
540
00:43:51,200 --> 00:43:53,600
If the group is to get
what they need...
541
00:43:58,000 --> 00:44:01,040
...they will have to go against
their natural instincts...
542
00:44:04,480 --> 00:44:06,840
...and approach humans.
543
00:44:07,000 --> 00:44:09,520
♪
544
00:44:09,680 --> 00:44:10,760
[Pig oinking]
545
00:44:10,920 --> 00:44:17,160
♪
546
00:44:17,320 --> 00:44:23,560
♪
547
00:44:23,680 --> 00:44:25,360
[Dog barking in distance]
548
00:44:25,520 --> 00:44:35,520
♪
549
00:44:35,640 --> 00:44:37,680
But their new neighbors...
550
00:44:37,800 --> 00:44:38,920
are friendly...
551
00:44:39,040 --> 00:44:41,480
[Rooster crowing,
dog barking in distance]
552
00:44:45,200 --> 00:44:48,600
...and they allow the chimps
to collect...
553
00:44:48,680 --> 00:44:50,560
[Chimpanzee grunts]
554
00:44:50,680 --> 00:44:53,080
...jackfruit,
555
00:44:53,200 --> 00:44:56,040
the largest
of all tree fruits.
556
00:45:02,920 --> 00:45:06,800
Jackfruit grow all year round
in people's gardens.
557
00:45:08,160 --> 00:45:09,880
[Jackfruit thumps]
558
00:45:10,000 --> 00:45:11,640
[Dog barks]
559
00:45:13,600 --> 00:45:15,720
[Chimpanzee grunting]
560
00:45:15,880 --> 00:45:18,120
[Jackfruit thumps]
561
00:45:20,720 --> 00:45:22,560
And they're more nutritious
562
00:45:22,680 --> 00:45:25,160
than the limited amount
of wild food
563
00:45:25,320 --> 00:45:29,360
the chimps can now find
in what remains of their forest.
564
00:45:41,880 --> 00:45:45,360
But this is a new world...
565
00:45:45,520 --> 00:45:47,720
and a new relationship.
566
00:45:47,880 --> 00:45:53,000
♪
567
00:45:53,120 --> 00:45:56,160
New boundaries
need to be established.
568
00:45:56,320 --> 00:45:59,440
♪
569
00:45:59,560 --> 00:46:02,600
Some of the chimps
start to help themselves
570
00:46:02,720 --> 00:46:04,840
to people's crops.
571
00:46:06,400 --> 00:46:08,160
[Dogs barking in distance]
572
00:46:08,320 --> 00:46:14,400
♪
573
00:46:14,560 --> 00:46:16,960
[Pig squeals]
574
00:46:17,080 --> 00:46:18,560
[Chimpanzees screeching]
575
00:46:18,680 --> 00:46:20,400
[Cattle lowing]
576
00:46:20,560 --> 00:46:30,280
♪
577
00:46:30,400 --> 00:46:32,040
[Dogs barking]
578
00:46:38,480 --> 00:46:40,480
They have outstayed
their welcome,
579
00:46:40,560 --> 00:46:44,640
and the alpha male decides
that it's time to leave.
580
00:46:44,760 --> 00:46:46,920
[Chimpanzee screeches]
581
00:46:47,080 --> 00:46:55,960
♪
582
00:46:56,120 --> 00:47:05,240
♪
583
00:47:05,400 --> 00:47:09,160
The chimps make this
dangerous journey every day.
584
00:47:09,320 --> 00:47:15,320
♪
585
00:47:15,480 --> 00:47:21,720
♪
586
00:47:21,800 --> 00:47:23,880
[Vehicle approaching]
587
00:47:24,040 --> 00:47:27,840
♪
588
00:47:27,960 --> 00:47:30,200
But these highly
intelligent animals,
589
00:47:30,320 --> 00:47:32,520
our closest living relatives,
590
00:47:32,680 --> 00:47:36,280
have managed just about
to carve out a place
591
00:47:36,400 --> 00:47:39,520
for themselves
in this changing world.
592
00:47:39,680 --> 00:47:46,120
♪
593
00:47:46,240 --> 00:47:49,480
Animals have maintained
a long-established relationship
594
00:47:49,560 --> 00:47:50,760
with forests.
595
00:47:50,920 --> 00:47:55,400
♪
596
00:47:55,520 --> 00:47:59,880
But as we continue to break
our connections with them,
597
00:48:00,000 --> 00:48:04,880
the question is for how much
longer will they survive?
598
00:48:05,040 --> 00:48:07,280
♪
599
00:48:07,400 --> 00:48:11,480
Surely the time has come
to rebuild them.
600
00:48:11,640 --> 00:48:17,160
♪
601
00:48:17,320 --> 00:48:24,400
♪
602
00:48:24,480 --> 00:48:30,400
♪
603
00:48:34,640 --> 00:48:38,440
Over many years, I've been
lucky enough to watch chimps
604
00:48:38,560 --> 00:48:40,080
in their natural home,
605
00:48:40,160 --> 00:48:44,600
such as here in the thick
forests of West Africa.
606
00:48:44,720 --> 00:48:46,320
Chimpanzees --
607
00:48:46,440 --> 00:48:51,280
a peaceful scene
of jungle harmony.
608
00:48:51,400 --> 00:48:55,120
The experienced male
is sitting right there.
609
00:48:57,040 --> 00:48:59,240
But the lives
of many chimpanzees
610
00:48:59,360 --> 00:49:01,680
are now
changing dramatically.
611
00:49:01,840 --> 00:49:09,200
♪
612
00:49:09,360 --> 00:49:16,920
♪
613
00:49:17,040 --> 00:49:21,240
Here in Uganda
over the last decade...
614
00:49:21,320 --> 00:49:24,160
they have lost over 80%
of their forest home.
615
00:49:24,320 --> 00:49:31,920
♪
616
00:49:32,040 --> 00:49:35,120
They don't live
in a protected area.
617
00:49:35,280 --> 00:49:37,920
♪
618
00:49:38,040 --> 00:49:40,320
To survive here,
they have to live
619
00:49:40,440 --> 00:49:45,520
alongside the 200 or so
human families who farm here.
620
00:49:45,680 --> 00:49:48,080
♪
621
00:49:48,240 --> 00:49:50,560
Tinkasiimire: The chimps
always come from the forest.
622
00:49:50,640 --> 00:49:54,160
They come to eat jackfruit
from my land.
623
00:49:55,800 --> 00:49:58,640
They know us by our faces,
624
00:49:58,760 --> 00:50:03,240
as we know them
by their faces and waddle.
625
00:50:03,360 --> 00:50:06,320
Attenborough: To tell the story
of this remarkable chimp group,
626
00:50:06,480 --> 00:50:10,080
the "Planet Earth" team are
working with these residents.
627
00:50:10,240 --> 00:50:14,440
♪
628
00:50:14,560 --> 00:50:16,680
[Chimpanzee screeching]
629
00:50:16,800 --> 00:50:17,960
Man:
Who was that, Tom?
630
00:50:18,080 --> 00:50:19,280
This one was Araali.
631
00:50:21,840 --> 00:50:26,400
Tom is part of The Bulindi
Chimpanzee & Community Project.
632
00:50:28,960 --> 00:50:34,840
He's been studying the chimps
every day for the last 15 years
633
00:50:34,920 --> 00:50:37,400
and has seen
the change firsthand.
634
00:50:39,200 --> 00:50:41,120
Sabiiti: Very many things
have changed.
635
00:50:41,240 --> 00:50:45,040
When chimpanzees were seeing
people, they would run,
636
00:50:45,200 --> 00:50:46,800
run very quickly and go.
637
00:50:46,920 --> 00:50:51,440
But now they just stand,
because everywhere they go...
638
00:50:51,560 --> 00:50:53,080
they find a person.
639
00:50:56,160 --> 00:50:57,720
Attenborough:
Chimps are normally tricky
640
00:50:57,800 --> 00:51:00,400
to film in the wild...
641
00:51:00,520 --> 00:51:03,880
but in this human world,
the crew are surprised
642
00:51:04,000 --> 00:51:06,320
by how easy it is
to approach them.
643
00:51:06,480 --> 00:51:10,160
♪
644
00:51:10,280 --> 00:51:11,280
Man: Another one
coming up, Park.
645
00:51:11,440 --> 00:51:16,000
♪
646
00:51:16,120 --> 00:51:19,280
But back in their forest,
it's a different story.
647
00:51:19,440 --> 00:51:23,520
♪
648
00:51:23,640 --> 00:51:26,600
Here, the chimps seem wary
of the newcomers.
649
00:51:26,760 --> 00:51:36,160
♪
650
00:51:36,240 --> 00:51:37,480
There's a ditch there.
651
00:51:37,640 --> 00:51:45,720
♪
652
00:51:45,840 --> 00:51:47,120
All the crew get to see...
653
00:51:47,280 --> 00:51:50,720
♪
654
00:51:50,840 --> 00:51:52,640
...is a lot of bottoms.
655
00:51:54,840 --> 00:51:57,240
Lewis: This afternoon,
the chimps have been taking us
656
00:51:57,360 --> 00:51:59,480
on a wild goose chase.
657
00:51:59,600 --> 00:52:02,680
They crossed the river
and then they crossed back,
658
00:52:02,840 --> 00:52:04,520
gone past us
while we're in the woods,
659
00:52:04,640 --> 00:52:06,920
and then now
they've disappeared again.
660
00:52:09,080 --> 00:52:11,280
When we don't
have chimps...
661
00:52:11,400 --> 00:52:14,200
we film goats.
662
00:52:14,360 --> 00:52:21,560
♪
663
00:52:21,680 --> 00:52:24,240
Attenborough: Here in
the chimps' forest home...
664
00:52:24,360 --> 00:52:27,480
it's going to take time
to earn the group's trust...
665
00:52:27,600 --> 00:52:31,040
[Chimpanzee hooting]
666
00:52:31,160 --> 00:52:33,640
I think
we've found Moses.
667
00:52:33,800 --> 00:52:35,640
...and get to know
one another.
668
00:52:35,800 --> 00:52:38,440
This is Jack.
669
00:52:38,520 --> 00:52:40,560
After two weeks,
670
00:52:40,680 --> 00:52:44,280
things are improving
on the ground...
671
00:52:44,400 --> 00:52:48,320
but what will the chimps think
of the crew up in the trees?
672
00:52:48,480 --> 00:52:52,880
♪
673
00:52:53,000 --> 00:52:56,600
I can see a bunch
of chimp faces looking up at me.
674
00:52:56,760 --> 00:52:58,120
This is a new experience
for them.
675
00:52:58,240 --> 00:53:01,480
I doubt they've ever seen
a human in a tree before,
676
00:53:01,600 --> 00:53:03,920
so hopefully
they accept me.
677
00:53:20,280 --> 00:53:29,400
♪
678
00:53:29,520 --> 00:53:32,280
After hours of waiting...
679
00:53:32,400 --> 00:53:33,960
success.
680
00:53:34,120 --> 00:53:37,800
♪
681
00:53:37,880 --> 00:53:39,080
Donovan: All the chimps
682
00:53:39,200 --> 00:53:40,360
that were on the ground
looking up at me
683
00:53:40,480 --> 00:53:42,280
are now happily in the tree now,
684
00:53:42,400 --> 00:53:45,080
which is a really good sign
that they've accepted me.
685
00:53:47,320 --> 00:53:50,080
It's the first time that I've
been able to see at their level
686
00:53:50,200 --> 00:53:51,080
while they're feeding.
687
00:53:51,240 --> 00:53:58,200
♪
688
00:53:58,360 --> 00:54:05,360
♪
689
00:54:05,520 --> 00:54:12,760
♪
690
00:54:12,880 --> 00:54:15,080
Attenborough: For the crew,
it has taken a long time
691
00:54:15,200 --> 00:54:19,200
to gain
the chimps' acceptance.
692
00:54:19,280 --> 00:54:21,360
But in fact,
the chimps here have shown
693
00:54:21,480 --> 00:54:24,680
that they canrespond quickly
to the presence of people.
694
00:54:24,800 --> 00:54:27,520
[Chimpanzee hooting softly]
695
00:54:27,640 --> 00:54:31,680
McLennan: Chimpanzees
are highly intelligent.
696
00:54:31,800 --> 00:54:34,760
If you cut down the forest,
well,
697
00:54:34,880 --> 00:54:36,960
chimps will start
eating human crops.
698
00:54:37,120 --> 00:54:40,720
If you divide their range
up with roads and --
699
00:54:40,880 --> 00:54:43,320
[Chuckles]
You know, the chimps will end up
700
00:54:43,440 --> 00:54:45,200
just learning
to cross the roads.
701
00:54:47,640 --> 00:54:49,080
The animals can adapt
702
00:54:49,200 --> 00:54:51,840
to an increasingly human
environment.
703
00:54:51,960 --> 00:54:54,480
The question is,
can people accommodate
704
00:54:54,600 --> 00:54:56,160
an animal like a chimp?
705
00:54:56,240 --> 00:54:58,800
[Chimpanzees hooting]
706
00:54:58,960 --> 00:55:06,520
♪
707
00:55:06,600 --> 00:55:08,520
Attenborough:
Chimpanzees can be dangerous.
708
00:55:08,640 --> 00:55:11,680
[Chimpanzees screeching]
709
00:55:11,840 --> 00:55:16,240
Living alongside them
is a mixed experience.
710
00:55:16,360 --> 00:55:18,400
[Speaking in
foreign language]
711
00:55:26,640 --> 00:55:31,120
♪
712
00:55:31,240 --> 00:55:33,760
Attenborough: The local
community and the project
713
00:55:33,880 --> 00:55:35,320
have been working together
714
00:55:35,400 --> 00:55:38,040
to try to decrease
the impact of these problems.
715
00:55:38,200 --> 00:55:43,880
♪
716
00:55:44,040 --> 00:55:48,200
Over the last eight years,
Lilian and her family
717
00:55:48,320 --> 00:55:51,320
have planted native seedlings
on her land
718
00:55:51,400 --> 00:55:54,840
and left her patch
of forest to regrow.
719
00:55:54,920 --> 00:55:58,400
Tinkasiimire: If we cut it, they
come and sleep in our houses,
720
00:55:58,520 --> 00:56:00,640
so we should leave
that place for them.
721
00:56:00,800 --> 00:56:03,960
♪
722
00:56:04,040 --> 00:56:07,720
If you leave them
and you don't disturb them,
723
00:56:07,840 --> 00:56:09,160
they are peaceful animals.
724
00:56:09,320 --> 00:56:14,320
♪
725
00:56:14,440 --> 00:56:17,920
Attenborough: With other
residents following suit,
726
00:56:18,000 --> 00:56:22,280
more of the forest is showing
positive signs of return.
727
00:56:22,440 --> 00:56:26,240
♪
728
00:56:26,360 --> 00:56:28,800
There is a long way to go,
729
00:56:28,880 --> 00:56:32,360
and the future for these chimps
remains uncertain.
730
00:56:32,520 --> 00:56:35,960
♪
731
00:56:36,080 --> 00:56:39,920
But where peaceful coexistence
can be built...
732
00:56:40,040 --> 00:56:41,880
there is hope.
733
00:56:42,040 --> 00:56:48,440
♪
734
00:56:50,440 --> 00:56:52,120
♪ Eheu, eheu
735
00:56:52,240 --> 00:56:54,520
♪ Eh, eheu, eheu ♪
736
00:56:54,640 --> 00:56:57,000
♪ Eh, eheu, eheu ♪
737
00:56:57,120 --> 00:56:59,120
♪ Eh, eheu, eheu ♪
738
00:56:59,240 --> 00:57:01,640
♪ Eh, eheu, eheu ♪
739
00:57:01,760 --> 00:57:03,640
♪ Eh, eheu, eheu ♪
740
00:57:03,760 --> 00:57:06,200
♪ Eh, eheu, eheu ♪
741
00:57:06,320 --> 00:57:08,480
♪ Eh, eheu, eheu ♪
742
00:57:08,600 --> 00:57:13,720
♪ Oh ♪
743
00:57:13,840 --> 00:57:18,720
♪ Oh ♪
744
00:57:24,760 --> 00:57:27,600
Narrator:
The harshest conditions
745
00:57:27,680 --> 00:57:30,920
that exist on planet Earth...
746
00:57:31,000 --> 00:57:40,520
♪♪
747
00:57:40,640 --> 00:57:42,400
most resilient species.
748
00:57:42,480 --> 00:57:45,000
♪♪
749
00:57:45,080 --> 00:57:49,080
This is "Planet Earth III."
44103
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