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1
00:00:00,768 --> 00:00:03,669
- Tom harvey has been very much
2
00:00:03,837 --> 00:00:06,805
An enigmatic,
mysterious character.
3
00:00:10,010 --> 00:00:12,211
- He was a little bit secretive
4
00:00:12,345 --> 00:00:16,115
About having einstein's brain
in his apartment.
5
00:00:19,419 --> 00:00:22,688
- I mean, he was no hero,
but I don't think
6
00:00:22,823 --> 00:00:26,759
He did anything with
evil intentions.
7
00:00:30,764 --> 00:00:36,301
- Bottom line, he was to protect
that brain, and he did.
8
00:00:38,639 --> 00:00:41,440
- Tom harvey turned out
to be the man who really
9
00:00:41,608 --> 00:00:45,444
Set in motion the immortal
afterlife of einstein's brain.
10
00:01:41,268 --> 00:01:45,671
- Tom harvey is a very
mysterious fellow,
11
00:01:45,873 --> 00:01:48,841
And his motivations
are not understood.
12
00:01:50,211 --> 00:01:52,377
There was high expectations
in tom's family
13
00:01:52,512 --> 00:01:55,848
For high achievement,
in professional terms.
14
00:01:56,016 --> 00:01:58,784
He had a great-grandfather
that was a doctor
15
00:01:58,919 --> 00:02:01,053
And a grandfather
who was a judge.
16
00:02:03,290 --> 00:02:06,925
It was sort of a given
that he would, you know,
17
00:02:07,093 --> 00:02:10,295
Do something like that,
doctoring or lawyering,
18
00:02:10,430 --> 00:02:12,631
And so he went to yale
for medical school,
19
00:02:12,766 --> 00:02:15,000
And he had always hoped
to be a pediatrician.
20
00:02:23,177 --> 00:02:26,645
- Einstein in 1905, he's
a patent clerk, second class,
21
00:02:26,780 --> 00:02:33,051
And he rips off five
of these earth-shattering,
paradigmatic articles.
22
00:02:34,421 --> 00:02:36,155
You know, the annus mirabilis
23
00:02:36,357 --> 00:02:38,390
Where you're finding out
e equals mc squared,
24
00:02:38,525 --> 00:02:42,427
And special relativity. I mean,
for a patent clerk in bern,
25
00:02:42,596 --> 00:02:44,630
Just rattling off these papers.
26
00:02:45,265 --> 00:02:48,867
And then, ten years later,
learning enough mathematics
27
00:02:49,035 --> 00:02:52,237
That he could come up with the
theory of general relativity.
28
00:02:53,039 --> 00:02:54,706
What was going on
in this guy's head
29
00:02:54,874 --> 00:02:56,708
That he could think
of stuff like that?
30
00:03:00,247 --> 00:03:04,950
- Tom harvey was partly through
medical school at yale
31
00:03:05,085 --> 00:03:07,986
And he developed tuberculosis,
32
00:03:08,121 --> 00:03:11,456
And in those days,
to treat tuberculosis,
33
00:03:11,591 --> 00:03:13,725
They thought fresh air
was the cure,
34
00:03:13,860 --> 00:03:18,797
So they had him set up
at the gaylord sanatorium.
35
00:03:20,600 --> 00:03:24,736
Which was just this place
where young people were living
36
00:03:24,904 --> 00:03:28,040
All year-round,
no matter the temperature,
37
00:03:28,242 --> 00:03:31,577
And it could get cold.
And he described shivering
38
00:03:31,711 --> 00:03:35,581
Out there and really having
a renegotiation
39
00:03:35,716 --> 00:03:38,417
With religion during that time.
40
00:03:39,419 --> 00:03:41,553
And it also turned out
to be where he met
41
00:03:41,688 --> 00:03:43,522
His first wife, elouise,
42
00:03:43,657 --> 00:03:46,458
And she was a nursing student.
43
00:03:47,560 --> 00:03:50,662
When they both recovered, they
got married shortly after that.
44
00:03:54,535 --> 00:03:57,135
- Einstein came up with the
general theory of relativity,
45
00:03:57,338 --> 00:03:59,438
But it was based on many
scientists before him
46
00:03:59,606 --> 00:04:01,473
Who had come up
with the building blocks
47
00:04:01,675 --> 00:04:03,108
For the theory of relativity.
48
00:04:03,276 --> 00:04:06,144
And then, like a spark
of lightning,
49
00:04:06,280 --> 00:04:09,147
He finished the equation
and he made it famous,
50
00:04:09,316 --> 00:04:11,984
And boom, he's on the cover
of the new york times.
51
00:04:12,118 --> 00:04:14,886
You know, he's time magazine's
person of the century.
52
00:04:18,458 --> 00:04:20,259
- When he comes
to the united states
53
00:04:20,427 --> 00:04:21,760
And he's mobbed at new york
54
00:04:21,895 --> 00:04:23,996
Where there was a huge
jewish population,
55
00:04:24,164 --> 00:04:29,434
You know, they were yelling out
to him like he was the messiah.
56
00:04:29,636 --> 00:04:31,303
He was a great jew.
57
00:04:31,438 --> 00:04:35,340
And he thought this was
totally ridiculous.
58
00:04:37,044 --> 00:04:41,680
After the seizure of power
by hitler in January 1933,
59
00:04:41,848 --> 00:04:44,549
He was removed from his position
60
00:04:44,718 --> 00:04:46,752
At the prussian academy
of sciences.
61
00:04:47,487 --> 00:04:49,488
So einstein moved
to the united states.
62
00:04:49,656 --> 00:04:51,790
He said, "I'm never returning."
63
00:04:54,528 --> 00:04:57,029
the war broke out,
64
00:04:57,197 --> 00:05:00,332
And this was difficult for tom
because he was a quaker.
65
00:05:00,534 --> 00:05:02,567
And quakers are pacifists.
66
00:05:02,736 --> 00:05:05,370
So instead of fighting
on the battlefield,
67
00:05:05,538 --> 00:05:08,307
He signed up to work
in an army pathology lab.
68
00:05:10,811 --> 00:05:15,414
In very quick succession,
elouise and tom had three sons.
69
00:05:15,549 --> 00:05:18,550
by the time the war was over,
70
00:05:18,685 --> 00:05:22,120
It was pretty clear to tom
that he could go back
71
00:05:22,288 --> 00:05:24,923
And be a resident and try
to become a pediatrician,
72
00:05:25,058 --> 00:05:28,126
But it would be pretty hard
to house and feed the family
73
00:05:28,294 --> 00:05:29,661
On a resident's salary.
74
00:05:29,829 --> 00:05:33,498
Whereas if he went
into pathology,
75
00:05:33,700 --> 00:05:37,235
Which he sort of already
had this grounding in
during the war,
76
00:05:37,371 --> 00:05:39,271
He could get paid fairly well.
77
00:06:05,065 --> 00:06:06,098
Yeah.
78
00:06:26,586 --> 00:06:28,787
- Princeton had its virtues.
79
00:06:30,957 --> 00:06:33,692
My father, he was a pathologist.
80
00:06:35,161 --> 00:06:40,799
It was an unusual kind of
upbringing, in that regard,
81
00:06:40,934 --> 00:06:47,572
Surrounded by organs and,
you know, bits and pieces
82
00:06:47,774 --> 00:06:49,641
Of humanity.
83
00:06:50,477 --> 00:06:53,078
And I guess one of the most
dramatic recollections
84
00:06:53,213 --> 00:06:56,047
I have of him when I was tiny,
85
00:06:56,250 --> 00:06:59,451
He took me to watch him
do an autopsy.
86
00:07:02,923 --> 00:07:05,524
I didn't quite know
what to think about that
87
00:07:05,659 --> 00:07:07,626
For a long time, but you know,
88
00:07:07,794 --> 00:07:10,695
He seemed so calm
about the whole process
89
00:07:10,830 --> 00:07:15,667
That I just tried
to absorb it and enjoy it.
90
00:07:36,556 --> 00:07:39,324
At princeton university
lives new jersey's
91
00:07:39,526 --> 00:07:41,393
Most famous foreign-born
citizen,
92
00:07:41,528 --> 00:07:43,695
Professor albert einstein.
93
00:07:43,897 --> 00:07:47,199
- Albert einstein came
to princeton in '33.
94
00:07:48,034 --> 00:07:50,402
Only good stories.
95
00:07:51,804 --> 00:07:54,406
The stories of, you know,
96
00:07:54,574 --> 00:07:57,409
Helping kids with their
homework, they're legit.
97
00:07:57,544 --> 00:07:59,711
They've actually followed up
some of those.
98
00:08:00,513 --> 00:08:03,081
Even though he had
this statement about,
99
00:08:03,249 --> 00:08:06,551
"it's a funny little town
with gods on stilts,"
100
00:08:06,686 --> 00:08:08,386
But... I think
he liked the town.
101
00:08:13,192 --> 00:08:16,428
- Oh, well, the basement
was interesting.
102
00:08:21,668 --> 00:08:26,037
It was an anatomical museum
of a sort, you know,
103
00:08:26,172 --> 00:08:27,973
With organs and...
104
00:08:30,343 --> 00:08:32,777
Organs that I couldn't identify.
105
00:08:32,913 --> 00:08:37,015
You know, some of them
were clearly brains.
106
00:08:38,218 --> 00:08:41,686
It was very strange, and
it was a real source of wonder
107
00:08:41,888 --> 00:08:45,657
To friends that we would
bring over and take downstairs.
108
00:08:45,825 --> 00:08:48,827
We should've charged money.
I could've been a very...
109
00:08:49,029 --> 00:08:51,996
...Very well-off child.
110
00:08:54,968 --> 00:08:57,969
- Einstein was an interesting
man of contradictions.
111
00:08:59,038 --> 00:09:00,939
On the one hand,
he really didn't care
112
00:09:01,107 --> 00:09:03,208
What people thought about him.
He would walk around princeton
113
00:09:03,376 --> 00:09:06,545
In his pyjamas.
He had dishevelled hair,
he didn't wear socks.
114
00:09:06,747 --> 00:09:08,813
He was a man of very few
social graces.
115
00:09:08,949 --> 00:09:11,449
And so, he really didn't care
what people thought about him.
116
00:09:11,618 --> 00:09:14,619
And I think that's what made him
so popular with people.
117
00:09:15,555 --> 00:09:18,089
It was kind of this, you know,
doing the opposite
118
00:09:18,291 --> 00:09:21,359
Is what made him popular.
Being authentic is what
made him popular.
119
00:09:55,328 --> 00:09:58,396
- Tom harvey was always
interested in making
120
00:09:58,564 --> 00:10:02,200
Some kind of meaningful
contribution to science
and society.
121
00:10:03,136 --> 00:10:06,171
You know, when the boys
were young, he would team up
122
00:10:06,373 --> 00:10:10,208
With this cast of characters
to conduct these experiments
123
00:10:10,343 --> 00:10:12,510
In his yard and his garage.
124
00:10:15,515 --> 00:10:20,018
- An armenian doctor that had
lost his laboratory,
125
00:10:20,153 --> 00:10:24,055
He was looking
for cures to cancer.
126
00:10:24,223 --> 00:10:30,261
He wanted to use our garage
and my father said sure.
127
00:10:30,830 --> 00:10:36,768
And it turned out he was using
chickens for his lab subjects.
128
00:10:38,005 --> 00:10:40,972
It was quite peculiar
for a while.
129
00:10:43,610 --> 00:10:47,612
- The holy grail for einstein
was the theory of everything.
130
00:10:47,747 --> 00:10:51,950
The idea of saying, can you
reconcile quantum mechanics,
131
00:10:52,152 --> 00:10:54,285
Electromagnetism with gravity,
132
00:10:54,421 --> 00:10:55,920
A theory that explains
everything?
133
00:10:56,856 --> 00:10:58,256
And to his dying day,
134
00:10:58,391 --> 00:11:01,092
And that's not an expression
I use loosely.
135
00:11:01,294 --> 00:11:04,362
When he died on April 18th, '55,
136
00:11:04,564 --> 00:11:07,132
There were five or six pages
of handwritten manuscript
137
00:11:07,266 --> 00:11:09,567
Where he was still
trying to come up
138
00:11:09,703 --> 00:11:14,039
With a mathematical synthesis
of the theory of everything.
139
00:11:25,685 --> 00:11:28,186
Doctor albert einstein
came to america with his wife
140
00:11:28,321 --> 00:11:30,155
To escape nazi persecution.
141
00:11:30,290 --> 00:11:32,257
His mathematical wizardry
led to the atomic age.
142
00:11:32,459 --> 00:11:33,792
He received highest honors,
143
00:11:33,927 --> 00:11:36,261
But lived quietly at princeton,
new jersey.
144
00:11:36,429 --> 00:11:39,731
There, death came to albert
einstein. He was 76.
145
00:11:42,368 --> 00:11:45,003
- So, einstein died
at princeton hospital
146
00:11:45,205 --> 00:11:49,674
At about one o'clock in the
morning on April 18th, 1955,
147
00:11:49,876 --> 00:11:54,345
And somewhere
in the middle of that night
between that and dawn,
148
00:11:54,514 --> 00:11:58,750
A call came to tom harvey's
house from the hospital,
149
00:11:58,885 --> 00:12:02,487
And it was einstein's doctor,
guy dean,
150
00:12:02,689 --> 00:12:07,058
And he said basically, "tom,
you should get over here."
151
00:12:07,193 --> 00:12:10,295
"einstein died last night,
152
00:12:10,430 --> 00:12:13,298
And we'd like you
to do the autopsy.
153
00:12:13,500 --> 00:12:17,802
You should come in first thing
and get to it."
154
00:12:20,440 --> 00:12:24,375
- Well, I remember sitting
around the kitchen table
155
00:12:24,511 --> 00:12:26,578
And the subject came up.
156
00:12:27,647 --> 00:12:33,151
And, of course, I had no idea
what really, you know,
157
00:12:33,286 --> 00:12:37,822
It portended in terms of what
was going to happen
158
00:12:37,990 --> 00:12:40,258
In terms of my father's career.
159
00:12:42,361 --> 00:12:45,497
- Tom harvey got ready for work
that morning and walked,
160
00:12:45,631 --> 00:12:48,099
As he often did, from
his home on jefferson street
161
00:12:48,234 --> 00:12:49,334
To the hospital.
162
00:13:12,759 --> 00:13:18,062
- At that point, I think there
was a realization on his part
163
00:13:18,231 --> 00:13:24,068
That all of his ambitions,
which, on many levels,
164
00:13:24,203 --> 00:13:26,771
Had been thwarted
for his career,
165
00:13:26,906 --> 00:13:29,474
Were now leading him
to this moment.
166
00:13:31,444 --> 00:13:34,946
He was going to be
the pathologist, the one,
167
00:13:35,081 --> 00:13:37,715
As the chief pathologist
of princeton hospital,
168
00:13:37,851 --> 00:13:41,519
To perform the autopsy
on albert einstein,
169
00:13:41,654 --> 00:13:44,589
The genius of the modern age.
170
00:13:46,126 --> 00:13:48,726
- He does the autopsy.
In the 50s, they did that,
171
00:13:48,862 --> 00:13:50,929
And he would've set to work.
172
00:14:18,692 --> 00:14:21,192
- And then he did something
that was off the script,
173
00:14:21,327 --> 00:14:24,529
And he basically takes a saw
to remove the skull,
174
00:14:24,731 --> 00:14:26,965
Reaches in, grabs the brain...
175
00:14:30,336 --> 00:14:33,838
- When I asked him
in the autopsy suite
176
00:14:34,040 --> 00:14:37,709
Why he decided to take
albert einstein's brain,
177
00:14:37,877 --> 00:14:41,346
He said, quite unequivocally,
178
00:14:41,514 --> 00:14:44,249
You know, that this was
the brain of a genius,
179
00:14:44,451 --> 00:14:48,553
And he would've felt ashamed
if he left it.
180
00:14:52,459 --> 00:14:55,760
This was the 50s, you know,
a high time for science.
181
00:14:55,928 --> 00:15:00,198
You know, color televisions
and antibiotics
182
00:15:00,333 --> 00:15:04,269
And dna structure
had just been discovered.
183
00:15:04,404 --> 00:15:08,039
There was a whole lot of hubris
around science at that time.
184
00:15:08,207 --> 00:15:11,476
Could we find the source
of genius? Of course we can!
185
00:15:11,611 --> 00:15:13,778
We just have to look
at albert einstein's brain.
186
00:15:17,450 --> 00:15:20,451
So for tom, in that moment,
187
00:15:20,586 --> 00:15:25,456
This brain represents
all of his ambitions
188
00:15:25,624 --> 00:15:29,294
To make a meaningful
contribution to science.
189
00:15:36,135 --> 00:15:39,971
The president of the hospital
at that time wasn't a doctor
190
00:15:40,173 --> 00:15:44,575
But a really ambitious
businessman by the name
of jack kaufmann,
191
00:15:44,778 --> 00:15:48,112
And he was really keen that,
192
00:15:48,314 --> 00:15:51,649
You know, not only would they
do the einstein autopsy,
193
00:15:51,851 --> 00:15:53,952
But that princeton hospital
would hold on to that brain.
194
00:15:54,120 --> 00:15:59,490
And he was happy that tom harvey
then went out after the autopsy
195
00:15:59,625 --> 00:16:03,594
And announced this to the press,
'cause it put them on the map.
196
00:16:05,631 --> 00:16:08,099
- I don't know how the media
found out about it,
197
00:16:08,234 --> 00:16:12,337
But there's a photograph
of him, there's sort of
wrought iron veranda.
198
00:16:12,472 --> 00:16:15,707
It's on the ground level of
the princeton medical center,
199
00:16:15,841 --> 00:16:18,142
And he's talking
to the reporters.
200
00:16:21,180 --> 00:16:24,182
- And the problem came
the next day
201
00:16:24,316 --> 00:16:28,219
When einstein's family reads
about it in the new york times
202
00:16:28,354 --> 00:16:32,056
That einstein's brain
did not get cremated
with the rest of him.
203
00:16:32,224 --> 00:16:34,892
That's when things go sideways.
204
00:16:36,396 --> 00:16:42,066
- I mean, I understand that
members of einstein's family
205
00:16:42,201 --> 00:16:46,137
Were very concerned
about what had happened
206
00:16:46,305 --> 00:16:50,308
And whether or not my father
should have the brain,
207
00:16:50,443 --> 00:16:55,179
And I don't know all the factors
in his decision,
208
00:16:55,381 --> 00:16:59,684
But I trusted my father
and his judgement.
209
00:17:03,456 --> 00:17:06,391
- Somehow, harvey had a
conversation with otto nathan,
210
00:17:06,526 --> 00:17:09,494
Fellow émigré
and einstein's executor,
211
00:17:09,628 --> 00:17:11,596
And hans albert, his son,
212
00:17:11,731 --> 00:17:15,066
And convinced them that this
is a unique specimen.
213
00:17:16,368 --> 00:17:20,171
You know, a genius for the ages,
and a man of science.
214
00:17:20,306 --> 00:17:22,874
And I'm told his son
went for it,
215
00:17:23,076 --> 00:17:26,878
And then pretty much
the executor, otto nathan,
had to go along with it.
216
00:17:27,013 --> 00:17:29,447
He said, "okay, go ahead
and study it."
217
00:17:30,249 --> 00:17:31,649
- Dear dr. Harvey...
218
00:17:50,503 --> 00:17:52,937
- And tom makes this promise,
219
00:17:53,072 --> 00:17:57,775
This oath which really
would outlast every other
he made in his life,
220
00:17:57,977 --> 00:18:02,647
Which was that he would save
the brain for scientific study
221
00:18:02,782 --> 00:18:06,117
And that it would only be used
for scientific research,
222
00:18:06,319 --> 00:18:09,787
And that anything about it,
any publicity about it
223
00:18:09,989 --> 00:18:14,826
Would only appear in scientific
or medical journals.
224
00:18:15,761 --> 00:18:20,798
That it would not become
the object of layperson's
fascination,
225
00:18:20,933 --> 00:18:24,202
Or to quote einstein,
who really didn't want people
226
00:18:24,337 --> 00:18:26,471
To come and worship
at his bones.
227
00:18:26,673 --> 00:18:29,707
So, that was tom harvey's
promise.
228
00:18:42,622 --> 00:18:45,423
- This was a violation
of einstein the man,
229
00:18:45,625 --> 00:18:47,959
Einstein the body
in such a visceral way,
230
00:18:48,094 --> 00:18:51,963
And so I find it hard
to believe that anyone would say
231
00:18:52,165 --> 00:18:54,432
Thomas harvey was doing
the right thing.
232
00:18:54,600 --> 00:18:57,835
Who was he to make that call?
233
00:18:58,037 --> 00:19:01,706
You know, nowadays, hopefully,
I would hope that morgues
234
00:19:01,908 --> 00:19:03,808
Are run in a better fashion,
235
00:19:03,976 --> 00:19:05,743
That people can't steal
the brain.
236
00:19:07,580 --> 00:19:10,815
- The rest of einstein
was cremated.
237
00:19:10,983 --> 00:19:13,184
That's not in the will,
but he was cremated.
238
00:19:13,386 --> 00:19:15,286
No one knows
where his ashes are.
239
00:19:17,022 --> 00:19:20,391
Some people feel
they were scattered near
the crematorium in ewing.
240
00:19:20,526 --> 00:19:24,328
Other people felt that they
scattered them on lake carnegie,
241
00:19:24,496 --> 00:19:28,366
Where einstein liked to sail
a bit, but no one really knows.
242
00:19:30,203 --> 00:19:32,270
Harvey kept the brain.
243
00:19:59,465 --> 00:20:02,166
- People called it the heist
of the century.
244
00:20:02,368 --> 00:20:06,571
I mean, that was always
one of the crazier aspects
of this story.
245
00:20:06,706 --> 00:20:10,241
I mean, when they were
collecting einstein's papers
246
00:20:10,443 --> 00:20:12,443
And works after his death,
247
00:20:12,578 --> 00:20:16,447
There were armed guards,
like, escorting his work
248
00:20:16,582 --> 00:20:20,551
To the hebrew university
where the archives are,
249
00:20:20,719 --> 00:20:23,387
And yet his brain somehow ended
up going right off the grid!
250
00:20:34,700 --> 00:20:40,104
I think that when tom first took
the brain into his possession,
251
00:20:40,239 --> 00:20:44,375
He was reading constantly
about normal brains
252
00:20:44,510 --> 00:20:46,944
And what they looked like,
and how best to preserve them.
253
00:20:51,350 --> 00:20:53,751
- The first thing was
to preserve the tissue,
254
00:20:53,953 --> 00:20:59,457
One with formaldehyde
put through the great blood
vessels of the brain,
255
00:20:59,625 --> 00:21:03,694
And then you put it in a jar
full of formaldehyde to...
256
00:21:03,896 --> 00:21:06,564
This is double fixation.
This is what you want to do
257
00:21:06,766 --> 00:21:09,600
With specimens to reduce
artefacts so you get the most...
258
00:21:09,768 --> 00:21:11,335
The best slides.
259
00:21:13,039 --> 00:21:15,640
And then once they were
in the plastic stuff
260
00:21:15,808 --> 00:21:17,308
That you put the blocks in,
261
00:21:17,443 --> 00:21:19,610
Then you could put them
in a microtome.
262
00:21:21,714 --> 00:21:24,382
Think of like how
you slice cold cuts,
263
00:21:24,517 --> 00:21:26,217
You know, those
at the grocery store?
264
00:21:26,385 --> 00:21:28,753
Well, you got a fancier one
for that, a very special one
265
00:21:28,887 --> 00:21:31,122
That only a few people
knew how to do it.
266
00:21:35,527 --> 00:21:42,266
- After he had sectioned
the brain into, you know,
240 pieces or so,
267
00:21:42,434 --> 00:21:48,272
And after he had boxes of slides
made of the brain tissue,
268
00:21:48,407 --> 00:21:53,344
He went about distributing
the brain out on a road trip
269
00:21:53,479 --> 00:21:56,314
Along the highway
to different scientists.
270
00:22:00,219 --> 00:22:03,287
It was in an effort to try
to get somebody interested
271
00:22:03,489 --> 00:22:05,189
In actually studying the brain.
272
00:22:06,625 --> 00:22:09,527
But everybody was busy,
and tom didn't have any money.
273
00:22:09,661 --> 00:22:12,196
Who was going to study
einstein's brain for free?
274
00:22:13,766 --> 00:22:16,334
As it turned out,
not many people.
275
00:22:18,504 --> 00:22:21,505
I think a lot of the researchers
who were interested
276
00:22:21,707 --> 00:22:23,607
In getting pieces
of the brain from harvey
277
00:22:23,742 --> 00:22:27,545
Were interested,
not simply because they were
278
00:22:27,679 --> 00:22:30,815
Really interested in finding
the source of intelligence,
279
00:22:30,949 --> 00:22:33,684
But because it was
einstein's brain.
280
00:22:33,819 --> 00:22:39,557
They were, in many ways,
seduced by the allure
281
00:22:39,691 --> 00:22:43,861
Of the fame of the man himself,
282
00:22:43,996 --> 00:22:46,731
The proximity to genius.
283
00:23:06,985 --> 00:23:09,487
- Harvey was invited down
284
00:23:09,689 --> 00:23:12,022
To the armed forced institute
of pathology,
285
00:23:12,158 --> 00:23:16,127
Which was kind of just
an incredible aggregation
of experts,
286
00:23:16,261 --> 00:23:19,063
In terms of any type of
pathology, but brain pathology,
287
00:23:19,198 --> 00:23:21,399
They had special experts.
288
00:23:24,437 --> 00:23:28,272
- And chief among them
was the head of neuropathology
289
00:23:28,407 --> 00:23:31,609
For the us army, a fellow
by the name of webb haymaker.
290
00:23:33,545 --> 00:23:35,880
- Haymaker was quite a guy.
291
00:23:36,048 --> 00:23:38,616
He was a chain-smoking
pathologist, wrote a bunch
292
00:23:38,784 --> 00:23:41,886
Of books, he supposedly
looked at mussolini's brain
293
00:23:42,054 --> 00:23:45,790
And robert ley's brain,
who was a nazi criminal.
294
00:23:45,925 --> 00:23:48,592
He was kind of
a hard-bitten guy,
295
00:23:48,727 --> 00:23:50,928
And he was trying to get harvey.
296
00:23:51,130 --> 00:23:52,630
He says, "well, you are going
to leave the brain
297
00:23:52,764 --> 00:23:54,098
With us, dr. Harvey."
298
00:23:54,233 --> 00:23:57,902
And harvey, I think,
probably had anticipated that,
299
00:23:58,036 --> 00:24:00,104
'cause he didn't bring
the brain with him.
300
00:24:01,240 --> 00:24:04,742
- He had never any intention
of turning the brain
301
00:24:04,944 --> 00:24:06,644
Over to the us military,
302
00:24:06,846 --> 00:24:09,880
Which is interesting because
he really thought, on one hand,
303
00:24:10,048 --> 00:24:12,750
It was because he had made
the personal promise
to einstein's family
304
00:24:12,885 --> 00:24:16,253
And they had given him
the permission to keep it,
305
00:24:16,421 --> 00:24:18,322
Not to turn it over
to anyone else,
306
00:24:18,524 --> 00:24:22,726
And also as a pacifist
and knowing that also
einstein was a pacifist,
307
00:24:22,895 --> 00:24:26,797
He didn't want to see the brain
in the hands of the army.
308
00:24:26,965 --> 00:24:32,002
That was another motivating
factor for him to hold on to it.
309
00:24:34,106 --> 00:24:37,308
- I mean, this is a labor of
love. This is off the clock.
310
00:24:37,510 --> 00:24:39,777
This guy's got a full-time job.
311
00:24:39,912 --> 00:24:43,080
"does my patient have kidney
cancer, dr. Harvey?"
312
00:24:43,215 --> 00:24:45,983
And he would deal with that,
but on the weekends,
313
00:24:46,185 --> 00:24:47,551
He would do this.
314
00:24:48,354 --> 00:24:52,456
- He really thought
that if he devoted himself
315
00:24:52,591 --> 00:24:57,595
To einstein's brain in this way
that it would put him in,
316
00:24:57,730 --> 00:25:01,265
At last, the higher
annals of science.
317
00:25:01,400 --> 00:25:05,169
The irony was that after
taking this brain
318
00:25:05,337 --> 00:25:07,171
And making this promise,
319
00:25:07,339 --> 00:25:10,641
His personal life sort of
started to unravel.
320
00:25:14,112 --> 00:25:16,313
After tom harvey took the brain,
321
00:25:16,481 --> 00:25:19,149
He became a bit
of a local celebrity, right?
322
00:25:21,220 --> 00:25:24,688
The rumor was that tom ended up
having an affair
323
00:25:24,823 --> 00:25:28,993
With somebody at the hospital,
a lab technician or a nurse.
324
00:25:29,795 --> 00:25:33,063
And apparently,
this word got out
325
00:25:33,198 --> 00:25:35,533
And tom's wife
heard about it.
326
00:25:37,202 --> 00:25:42,540
She was livid. And so,
she went to jack kaufmann
327
00:25:42,708 --> 00:25:44,475
Who was the president
of the hospital,
328
00:25:44,643 --> 00:25:47,411
The one really happy that they
had einstein's brain,
329
00:25:47,546 --> 00:25:51,181
And she went in
and she told him, "hey!"
330
00:25:51,384 --> 00:25:53,617
Apparently, lost her temper
and said,
331
00:25:53,785 --> 00:25:55,486
"what kind of place
are you running here?
332
00:25:55,654 --> 00:25:57,721
Do you know this is happening?"
333
00:25:57,923 --> 00:26:03,060
- They broke up, they got back
together, they broke up again.
334
00:26:04,196 --> 00:26:06,063
I don't know how many times
335
00:26:06,265 --> 00:26:08,899
That happened, I think it
might've happened a third time,
336
00:26:09,067 --> 00:26:13,737
Which was when my mother
finally gave him a divorce.
337
00:26:18,811 --> 00:26:20,744
- No one really knows
why he quit his position
338
00:26:20,879 --> 00:26:22,646
At princeton medical center.
339
00:26:24,883 --> 00:26:27,518
You know, maybe his marriage
was going south,
340
00:26:27,653 --> 00:26:30,354
He had a number
of relationships in his life,
341
00:26:30,556 --> 00:26:34,124
But he quit the job or...
342
00:26:34,326 --> 00:26:37,861
Did he get pushed a bit because
of the einstein publicity?
343
00:26:38,030 --> 00:26:40,264
No one really knows.
344
00:26:41,968 --> 00:26:44,068
- Was he fired? Did he quit?
345
00:26:44,202 --> 00:26:47,972
He certainly, sometime late
in the 60s, resigned.
346
00:26:48,174 --> 00:26:50,374
And einstein's brain
went with him.
347
00:27:20,740 --> 00:27:24,942
- Well, when he and my mom met
and they were just dating,
348
00:27:25,144 --> 00:27:28,946
My earliest literal memory
was calling him uncle tom.
349
00:27:30,916 --> 00:27:34,752
But we started calling him
"dad" immediately.
350
00:27:34,887 --> 00:27:37,454
He is the only dad
I've ever known.
351
00:27:37,622 --> 00:27:39,857
The only dad I've ever known.
352
00:27:41,360 --> 00:27:43,961
- All I remember is always
knowing that he did
353
00:27:44,163 --> 00:27:46,463
The autopsy on albert einstein.
354
00:27:46,598 --> 00:27:49,233
I knew he was a pathologist,
355
00:27:49,435 --> 00:27:53,137
And I'm sure when I was really
young I'm like, I don't know,
356
00:27:53,271 --> 00:27:55,139
"what's a pathologist?
What's an autopsy?"
357
00:27:56,641 --> 00:28:00,711
- They met in princeton.
I know they met in princeton.
358
00:28:00,846 --> 00:28:04,114
They did so many things
together. They both loved
359
00:28:04,249 --> 00:28:06,550
Sailing, they loved
the outdoors.
360
00:28:06,718 --> 00:28:09,653
They both literally
loved the outdoors.
361
00:28:11,656 --> 00:28:15,059
- Well, my dad was
a little character.
362
00:28:15,193 --> 00:28:16,994
His personality, you know,
363
00:28:17,196 --> 00:28:19,730
Because he was kind of
a quiet man, you know?
364
00:28:19,932 --> 00:28:26,570
And wasn't a loud, boisterous,
flamboyant... But quietly.
365
00:28:26,705 --> 00:28:32,209
Quietly, like, with no words,
mowing the lawn in lederhosen.
366
00:28:32,344 --> 00:28:36,880
You know, just entertaining
his guests with his kilt on.
367
00:28:37,082 --> 00:28:39,183
You know, just quietly doing it,
368
00:28:39,351 --> 00:28:43,587
Not bringing any other attention
than it was already bringing.
369
00:28:44,956 --> 00:28:48,792
- My dad had a pair
of leather lederhosen.
370
00:28:50,095 --> 00:28:53,197
And whenever he had those on,
371
00:28:53,331 --> 00:28:56,834
It was the day we had to be
cleaning the yard.
372
00:28:58,571 --> 00:29:01,205
He mowed the lawn
in his lederhosen
373
00:29:01,340 --> 00:29:03,574
With the socks
and the suspenders
374
00:29:03,709 --> 00:29:07,111
And the little ivory thing
and the whole...
375
00:29:09,548 --> 00:29:14,118
He played the banjo
and he played the accordion.
376
00:29:14,253 --> 00:29:17,588
- He had his office
in the basement
377
00:29:17,790 --> 00:29:19,790
In the very back
left corner,
378
00:29:19,992 --> 00:29:23,227
And you know, one of those big,
wooden desks,
379
00:29:23,361 --> 00:29:26,196
And bookshelves with
loads of books,
380
00:29:26,398 --> 00:29:29,733
And he had the brain there.
381
00:29:34,673 --> 00:29:40,177
- And I happened to see this jar
with a brain in it.
382
00:29:40,312 --> 00:29:44,581
And I asked what it was,
and he told me,
383
00:29:44,749 --> 00:29:47,084
But we weren't allowed
to talk about it.
384
00:29:48,553 --> 00:29:51,021
We were not allowed
to talk about it.
385
00:29:52,958 --> 00:29:55,292
- Well, yeah, I'm the one
who wanted like,
386
00:29:55,427 --> 00:29:56,960
"can I bring it
into school?"
387
00:29:57,095 --> 00:30:00,264
And you know,
but it was like, "no."
388
00:30:01,333 --> 00:30:04,601
And any time I had a friend
over, "come on, let me show you
389
00:30:04,769 --> 00:30:05,936
Where the brain is!"
390
00:30:06,071 --> 00:30:07,437
And we'd go down the stairs
391
00:30:07,606 --> 00:30:09,173
And into the back room,
and there it is!
392
00:30:43,975 --> 00:30:47,644
- In 1975, we moved to kansas.
393
00:30:47,779 --> 00:30:50,948
Now, living in new jersey
and moving to wichita,
394
00:30:51,150 --> 00:30:54,885
Which all we ever heard about
was dodge city,
395
00:30:55,087 --> 00:30:57,321
Cowboys and indians,
and we literally thought,
396
00:30:57,456 --> 00:30:59,456
"we're gonna be the only people
397
00:30:59,591 --> 00:31:01,692
In the state of kansas
with a car."
398
00:31:03,528 --> 00:31:06,363
And I'm not kidding,
that's what we thought.
399
00:31:06,498 --> 00:31:08,866
- And it was hard, because then,
400
00:31:09,000 --> 00:31:11,869
You know, all our real close
friends were in new jersey.
401
00:31:12,003 --> 00:31:15,138
And I don't think it affected
my younger sisters,
402
00:31:15,273 --> 00:31:17,875
They were young. But...
403
00:31:18,009 --> 00:31:21,411
I just know that
that's hard on kids.
404
00:31:21,546 --> 00:31:27,084
And also to pull my mom away
from all her friends and family,
405
00:31:27,252 --> 00:31:30,220
You know, just where we grew up.
406
00:31:31,222 --> 00:31:34,024
- It was different.
It was different.
407
00:31:35,026 --> 00:31:37,928
'cause my parents,
their marriage ended there,
408
00:31:38,130 --> 00:31:40,631
So that was hard. Really hard.
409
00:32:07,993 --> 00:32:11,128
- Every time tom moves,
otto nathan,
410
00:32:11,262 --> 00:32:13,697
Einstein's executor
tracks him down,
411
00:32:13,832 --> 00:32:16,800
And he keeps writing tom
these impatient letters,
412
00:32:16,935 --> 00:32:19,303
Basically begging him
for an update
413
00:32:19,438 --> 00:32:23,206
On what's happening
with the study of his great
friend's brain.
414
00:32:24,476 --> 00:32:27,344
- It's a little bit of,
what I would call,
415
00:32:27,479 --> 00:32:29,446
An asymmetric correspondence,
416
00:32:29,581 --> 00:32:33,483
Because it's overwhelmingly
nathan pleading with harvey
417
00:32:33,618 --> 00:32:38,288
To do something with that brain.
418
00:32:38,423 --> 00:32:40,390
- Dear dr. Harvey...
419
00:32:51,937 --> 00:32:56,106
- Some 23 years past
since einstein's death,
420
00:32:56,274 --> 00:33:01,278
And there was a particular
editor who assigned
421
00:33:01,480 --> 00:33:03,981
A young reporter by the name
of steven levy
422
00:33:04,183 --> 00:33:06,149
To go in search
of einstein's brain,
423
00:33:06,284 --> 00:33:07,985
And this actually would set off
424
00:33:08,187 --> 00:33:10,387
What became
the recurring pattern.
425
00:33:10,555 --> 00:33:14,057
So, somebody in the media
would say,
426
00:33:14,192 --> 00:33:16,159
"hey, whatever happened
to einstein's brain?
427
00:33:16,361 --> 00:33:17,394
We should find out."
428
00:33:18,697 --> 00:33:20,697
- And one day, my editor,
429
00:33:20,899 --> 00:33:23,266
He was a pretty new editor
who would come from new york,
430
00:33:23,435 --> 00:33:26,870
Told me, "I want you to find
einstein's brain."
431
00:33:27,072 --> 00:33:29,172
It was a crazy assignment.
432
00:33:29,374 --> 00:33:31,108
Einstein's brain is missing?
433
00:33:31,243 --> 00:33:32,943
I hadn't heard anything
about that.
434
00:33:35,447 --> 00:33:39,549
And my editor told me,
"by the way, I want to use this
435
00:33:39,684 --> 00:33:41,418
For the August cover story."
436
00:33:41,586 --> 00:33:45,389
Which only gave me a few weeks
to find einstein's brain,
437
00:33:45,591 --> 00:33:49,259
Something no one had done
in more than 20 years.
438
00:33:50,361 --> 00:33:53,630
First point of contact was
dr. Otto nathan,
439
00:33:53,765 --> 00:33:58,101
Who was the executor
of the einstein estate.
440
00:33:58,236 --> 00:34:00,604
And he gave me no help.
441
00:34:00,739 --> 00:34:03,206
He was aggressively
not interested
442
00:34:03,341 --> 00:34:05,575
In following up on this.
443
00:34:08,379 --> 00:34:11,081
The new york times article
had said the brain had been
444
00:34:11,283 --> 00:34:13,884
Removed from the body
by dr. Thomas harvey.
445
00:34:14,086 --> 00:34:18,455
And you know, there was no way
to google him back then in 1978,
446
00:34:18,590 --> 00:34:22,492
But there were ways to look
people up, and eventually,
447
00:34:22,660 --> 00:34:27,264
I realized that since
he was a physician, an md,
448
00:34:27,432 --> 00:34:29,499
The american medical association
449
00:34:29,701 --> 00:34:32,769
Might know where he is
or who he was.
450
00:34:32,971 --> 00:34:35,272
I want you to find
this guy, dr. Thomas harvey...
451
00:34:35,406 --> 00:34:37,474
And I called them up,
their office was in chicago.
452
00:34:37,642 --> 00:34:41,878
And I talked some very nice
woman there into telling me,
453
00:34:42,046 --> 00:34:46,416
You know, the numbers
of any dr. Thomas harvey.
454
00:34:46,551 --> 00:34:50,487
There was a dr. Thomas s.
Harvey, I knew his middle name,
455
00:34:50,655 --> 00:34:53,657
And she said there's one
in wichita, kansas.
456
00:34:55,493 --> 00:34:57,961
I arrived in wichita.
457
00:34:58,129 --> 00:35:01,364
By the time I got there,
there was a torrential rain,
458
00:35:01,533 --> 00:35:05,769
And the taxi cab is driving
and bumping around
459
00:35:05,937 --> 00:35:09,673
And going through giant puddles
the size of bomb craters.
460
00:35:11,009 --> 00:35:14,344
And I arrive
at this medical lab.
461
00:35:14,479 --> 00:35:16,713
And I had been under the
impression that it would be
462
00:35:16,848 --> 00:35:20,117
Some sort of research lab
with state-of-the-art equipment
463
00:35:20,319 --> 00:35:22,519
And people going around
464
00:35:22,721 --> 00:35:24,855
And doing advanced
scientific research,
465
00:35:25,023 --> 00:35:28,325
But it was the kind of lab
you'd go to get a blood test.
466
00:35:29,961 --> 00:35:34,097
And dr. Harvey greeted me
at the door.
467
00:35:34,232 --> 00:35:36,099
I think we both were
a little nervous,
468
00:35:36,301 --> 00:35:40,337
And took me back through the lab
to his office,
469
00:35:40,472 --> 00:35:46,042
Which was sort of a glass
enclosure towards the back
of the building,
470
00:35:46,245 --> 00:35:50,113
And we sat in his office
and began to talk.
471
00:35:52,217 --> 00:35:57,654
He was definitely nervous about
talking about this and feeling,
472
00:35:57,856 --> 00:36:01,391
You know, almost as if there
had been some other ear
473
00:36:01,526 --> 00:36:03,860
In the room that was listening
474
00:36:03,995 --> 00:36:06,096
With a voice saying,
"no, no, no, no,
475
00:36:06,264 --> 00:36:07,731
You shouldn't be
talking about this."
476
00:36:10,135 --> 00:36:14,271
And I'm listening to this
and taking it in.
477
00:36:14,406 --> 00:36:17,073
I'm realizing I'm hearing things
that haven't been said
478
00:36:17,209 --> 00:36:19,009
For over 20 years,
479
00:36:19,144 --> 00:36:20,777
But on the other hand
I'm wondering,
480
00:36:20,912 --> 00:36:24,047
"where's the brain?"
so I keep pressing him on this,
481
00:36:24,182 --> 00:36:27,684
And finally. I get frustrated
and say, "don't you even have
482
00:36:27,886 --> 00:36:29,886
Like a photograph
of einstein's brain?
483
00:36:30,088 --> 00:36:32,088
Anything I could look at?"
'cause I'm thinking
484
00:36:32,224 --> 00:36:35,091
My whole mission
might be going to naught.
485
00:36:35,227 --> 00:36:39,162
He said, "well, I do have some
of the gross matter here."
486
00:36:40,098 --> 00:36:41,464
What?
487
00:36:44,068 --> 00:36:47,837
So, I better describe
what this room was like.
488
00:36:49,674 --> 00:36:55,579
I'm sitting in a chair
and behind me are some
cardboard boxes,
489
00:36:55,714 --> 00:36:59,015
And there's kind of like
a red cooler off to the side.
490
00:37:01,052 --> 00:37:06,256
So he gets up from his desk
without a word
491
00:37:06,391 --> 00:37:09,092
And walks, kind of like cuts
in front of me,
492
00:37:09,227 --> 00:37:11,261
Kind of where the cooler is,
and I'm wondering,
493
00:37:11,463 --> 00:37:13,530
Is einstein's brain
in a beer cooler?!
494
00:37:13,732 --> 00:37:16,800
But no, he keeps walking and
he goes to the cardboard box
495
00:37:17,002 --> 00:37:21,171
Behind me. I look at it
and it has a legend on the box.
496
00:37:21,339 --> 00:37:22,706
"costa cider."
497
00:37:23,441 --> 00:37:26,276
And there's like stuff inside
498
00:37:26,478 --> 00:37:29,913
And he goes up and there's
kind of yellowed masking tape
499
00:37:30,081 --> 00:37:35,452
Around the thing and he said,
"well, this is the cerebellum,
500
00:37:35,586 --> 00:37:38,822
And these are aortic vessels."
501
00:37:39,024 --> 00:37:43,493
And I'm looking at it. It's
definitely brain-like stuff,
502
00:37:43,628 --> 00:37:47,731
And it is einstein's brain.
I'm looking at it right then!
503
00:37:49,100 --> 00:37:51,801
And before I could even
collect myself, he goes
504
00:37:51,936 --> 00:37:54,671
And gets this other jar,
and there's these things,
505
00:37:54,806 --> 00:37:57,274
They look like goldenberg's
peanut chews,
506
00:37:57,476 --> 00:38:01,144
Which are these candies
in the philadelphia area,
maybe about this big.
507
00:38:01,312 --> 00:38:04,214
And he said, "well,
these are the sectioned parts
508
00:38:04,416 --> 00:38:06,883
Of the brain." and each one
was labelled with a number
509
00:38:07,051 --> 00:38:09,352
That described where it was
in his brain.
510
00:38:09,520 --> 00:38:12,989
And there it was!
Einstein's brain!
511
00:38:18,429 --> 00:38:23,366
So, at first, I was stunned
that it was really there,
512
00:38:23,501 --> 00:38:26,136
My mission was accomplished.
513
00:38:26,304 --> 00:38:30,307
And then I realized that...
514
00:38:30,441 --> 00:38:35,045
Why people were so fascinated
with this, because there it was,
515
00:38:35,179 --> 00:38:39,683
The physical... Source
516
00:38:39,885 --> 00:38:44,954
Of these theories
and discoveries
517
00:38:45,090 --> 00:38:47,557
That literally changed
our world.
518
00:38:47,692 --> 00:38:50,593
You know, changed the way
we perceive the world,
519
00:38:50,762 --> 00:38:55,498
The universe. And there was
sort of a magic to it.
520
00:39:00,772 --> 00:39:03,440
The story was our August cover.
521
00:39:03,642 --> 00:39:05,709
And it caught fire.
522
00:39:05,844 --> 00:39:08,678
This was pre-internet,
but at the time,
523
00:39:08,813 --> 00:39:10,313
Things could get picked up,
524
00:39:10,448 --> 00:39:12,115
You know, in a pony express
kind of way.
525
00:39:12,250 --> 00:39:15,952
And you know, I spent
two days doing one radio
526
00:39:16,120 --> 00:39:17,053
Interview after another.
527
00:39:17,221 --> 00:39:19,356
- And now, ladies and gentlemen
528
00:39:19,524 --> 00:39:21,825
Here's...
529
00:39:21,993 --> 00:39:22,759
Johnny!
530
00:39:23,928 --> 00:39:25,528
- The apex was, johnny carson
531
00:39:25,730 --> 00:39:27,230
Made a joke about it.
532
00:39:28,600 --> 00:39:30,734
- Now, here's an unusual item,
I hope it doesn't turn you off
533
00:39:30,936 --> 00:39:32,135
Because it's kind of
a scientific item,
534
00:39:32,270 --> 00:39:35,238
But portions of albert
einstein's brain
535
00:39:35,373 --> 00:39:38,708
Have turned up in a laboratory
in wichita, kansas.
536
00:39:38,843 --> 00:39:40,243
Remains were found
in a jar there...
537
00:39:43,781 --> 00:39:44,981
What really convinced
538
00:39:45,116 --> 00:39:46,616
The scientists
in wichita, kansas,
539
00:39:46,751 --> 00:39:48,284
That it was einstein's brain,
540
00:39:48,420 --> 00:39:50,286
One morning,
they came into the lab,
541
00:39:50,422 --> 00:39:53,723
And they saw the brain checking
the greyhound schedule bus
542
00:39:53,858 --> 00:39:54,991
Leaving wichita.
543
00:39:55,159 --> 00:39:56,960
So they figured it was einstein.
544
00:39:58,363 --> 00:40:00,497
- I was watching
the johnny carson show.
545
00:40:01,700 --> 00:40:06,302
And he made reference to, um...
546
00:40:06,438 --> 00:40:09,072
Einstein's brain
547
00:40:09,240 --> 00:40:11,908
Getting off a greyhound bus.
548
00:40:12,043 --> 00:40:13,576
In wichita, kansas.
549
00:40:15,012 --> 00:40:17,614
And of course, you know,
it was just like...
550
00:40:17,748 --> 00:40:21,084
Oh my gosh,
they followed us here.
551
00:40:22,653 --> 00:40:25,021
- Now, I shared the story
with him,
552
00:40:25,189 --> 00:40:26,556
On the eve of publication.
553
00:40:26,724 --> 00:40:29,592
And I send him
the advance copy as well.
554
00:40:30,529 --> 00:40:33,763
He was okay with the story.
He felt it was fine.
555
00:40:34,866 --> 00:40:37,267
But then, the story came out,
556
00:40:37,402 --> 00:40:39,502
The news hit,
557
00:40:39,670 --> 00:40:41,971
The einstein estate was unhappy,
558
00:40:42,139 --> 00:40:45,809
And there were people camped out
on his lawn wanting interviews.
559
00:40:45,944 --> 00:40:47,844
And his life was changed...
560
00:40:49,113 --> 00:40:51,548
Dramatically,
because of that story,
561
00:40:51,750 --> 00:40:53,883
Because the secret
being public.
562
00:40:55,520 --> 00:40:57,086
He wasn't too happy.
563
00:40:57,222 --> 00:40:59,088
And from that moment on,
564
00:40:59,224 --> 00:41:01,658
He was the person who had
einstein's brain.
565
00:41:01,792 --> 00:41:04,394
Even worse, he was the person
who had einstein's brain
566
00:41:04,529 --> 00:41:06,696
Who had a lot of questions
to answer about it.
567
00:41:08,633 --> 00:41:10,066
- Dear dr. Harvey,
568
00:41:10,234 --> 00:41:14,003
I'm writing you to renew our
acquaintance of almost 27 years,
569
00:41:14,171 --> 00:41:18,241
But also to inquire about your
present intention to describe
570
00:41:18,376 --> 00:41:20,610
And publish your work
on einstein's brain.
571
00:41:22,079 --> 00:41:23,913
- It's like this homework
assignment,
572
00:41:24,115 --> 00:41:26,082
One of those nightmares
you have.
573
00:41:26,217 --> 00:41:28,451
You have this long-standing,
important assignment
574
00:41:28,586 --> 00:41:30,186
That you haven't completed.
575
00:41:30,321 --> 00:41:32,422
For decades, this poor man
576
00:41:32,557 --> 00:41:35,892
Had not been able to complete
his assignment.
577
00:41:36,027 --> 00:41:39,262
- So, steve levy
writes his article
578
00:41:39,397 --> 00:41:41,130
And it makes a big splash.
579
00:41:41,299 --> 00:41:43,366
And you know, it seemed like
580
00:41:43,534 --> 00:41:46,636
The whole world had forgotten
about einstein's brain.
581
00:41:47,705 --> 00:41:52,609
And science, which is one of
the leading science journals,
582
00:41:52,811 --> 00:41:55,111
In the world, actually,
and based in the united states,
583
00:41:55,246 --> 00:41:58,281
They actually feature a picture
from levy's article
584
00:41:58,483 --> 00:42:00,250
Of the brain in the cider box.
585
00:42:00,918 --> 00:42:05,588
And someone in the lab
of marian diamond at berkeley
586
00:42:05,723 --> 00:42:09,359
Cuts it out and pins it up on
the bulletin board in the lab.
587
00:42:10,261 --> 00:42:15,098
And marian diamond is this,
you know, dynamo maverick,
588
00:42:15,300 --> 00:42:17,834
Brain researcher, at the time,
589
00:42:18,036 --> 00:42:20,203
Who was really
ahead of her time.
590
00:42:20,905 --> 00:42:23,773
She was doing all kinds
of studies proving
591
00:42:23,908 --> 00:42:25,642
That we are born with a brain,
592
00:42:25,777 --> 00:42:28,945
But that the brain can change,
depending on our environment.
593
00:42:29,848 --> 00:42:32,348
She was showing that there was
a kind of brain cell
594
00:42:32,516 --> 00:42:33,783
Called the glial cell,
595
00:42:33,985 --> 00:42:36,019
Which is like a nursemaid
to neurons,
596
00:42:36,153 --> 00:42:38,788
And the more of them you have,
the better your neurons work.
597
00:42:38,923 --> 00:42:41,524
So this is how a brain
could grow.
598
00:42:42,193 --> 00:42:43,860
So she's doing
this kind of work,
599
00:42:43,995 --> 00:42:46,029
And it's in this environment
that she looks over
600
00:42:46,197 --> 00:42:49,432
At her bulletin board
and she sees this picture
601
00:42:49,600 --> 00:42:51,200
From the magazine
602
00:42:51,336 --> 00:42:53,336
Of einstein's brain
in a cider box.
603
00:42:53,471 --> 00:42:57,307
And she think, "hmm, I wonder
how many glial cells he had."
604
00:42:57,441 --> 00:43:00,176
And she thinks,
"okay, how do I get that?"
605
00:43:00,311 --> 00:43:03,813
And this then takes her
onto the rabbit chase
606
00:43:04,015 --> 00:43:05,882
Of finding tom harvey.
607
00:43:35,647 --> 00:43:38,414
- He always wanted to be
a family doctor.
608
00:43:38,582 --> 00:43:40,950
But he was a pathologist
his whole life.
609
00:43:41,085 --> 00:43:43,886
So here he was in his 70s,
610
00:43:44,055 --> 00:43:46,956
Becoming a family doctor
for the first time.
611
00:43:48,559 --> 00:43:50,560
Everybody called him "doc".
612
00:43:52,263 --> 00:43:55,365
If somebody didn't have money
to be treated,
613
00:43:55,533 --> 00:43:56,799
He treated them anyway.
614
00:43:57,001 --> 00:44:00,036
If they'd bake him a loaf
of bread, and we were even.
615
00:44:00,204 --> 00:44:02,105
He made house calls.
616
00:44:02,840 --> 00:44:04,607
He was "that" person.
617
00:44:04,742 --> 00:44:08,945
He genuinely cares about people.
618
00:44:14,452 --> 00:44:17,620
- When I first met
dr. Tom harvey,
619
00:44:17,822 --> 00:44:20,423
The first week I worked for him,
620
00:44:21,926 --> 00:44:23,693
The telephone rang.
621
00:44:23,895 --> 00:44:25,762
The man on the other line said,
622
00:44:25,897 --> 00:44:28,431
"could I speak to
dr. Thomas harvey?"
623
00:44:28,633 --> 00:44:30,133
And I said, "who's calling,
please?"
624
00:44:30,267 --> 00:44:32,835
And he said, "david hartman
from good morning america."
625
00:44:33,571 --> 00:44:36,973
Young girl in her 20s,
I got really excited.
626
00:44:37,108 --> 00:44:39,308
Jumped up,
ran to doctor's office.
627
00:44:39,444 --> 00:44:41,244
He said, "oh, you take care
of it.
628
00:44:41,446 --> 00:44:43,079
And don't tell him anything."
629
00:44:44,349 --> 00:44:46,049
We were busy. We were busy
630
00:44:46,251 --> 00:44:49,852
Taking care of everyday life,
for people.
631
00:44:49,987 --> 00:44:51,521
Keeping them healthy,
632
00:44:51,723 --> 00:44:54,824
Treating emergencies,
making house calls.
633
00:44:54,959 --> 00:44:56,659
I think he was really happy.
634
00:44:56,861 --> 00:44:59,128
He loved what he was doing.
635
00:45:00,732 --> 00:45:03,166
He did other things
in his life:
636
00:45:03,300 --> 00:45:04,901
Working emergency rooms,
637
00:45:05,036 --> 00:45:09,305
To try to support his family
and his lifestyle.
638
00:45:11,342 --> 00:45:14,243
- As somebody who had gone
to medical school,
639
00:45:14,411 --> 00:45:15,978
You know, in the '30s,
640
00:45:16,113 --> 00:45:18,781
And then, had done a general
pathology residency, I mean,
641
00:45:18,949 --> 00:45:20,583
Sure, you understand
what the heart does
642
00:45:20,718 --> 00:45:22,518
And what the kidneys do,
but that's something else
643
00:45:22,653 --> 00:45:25,154
If somebody comes in with
a urinary tract infection.
644
00:45:25,289 --> 00:45:27,123
You haven't spent several years
645
00:45:27,291 --> 00:45:29,492
Learning the ropes
of practicing medicine.
646
00:45:29,627 --> 00:45:31,461
So he did that for a while.
647
00:45:32,763 --> 00:45:35,198
- I guess there was
a complaint against him,
648
00:45:35,333 --> 00:45:38,134
At the time, and he was
in his mid-70s.
649
00:45:38,269 --> 00:45:41,170
And so, this complaint
results in a hearing,
650
00:45:41,305 --> 00:45:43,005
And I think there's
a realization that,
651
00:45:43,140 --> 00:45:45,441
"whoa, this doctor is like
in his mid-70s.
652
00:45:45,643 --> 00:45:49,212
I think you better take your
state licensing exam again."
653
00:45:50,447 --> 00:45:52,148
- He actually had to...
654
00:45:52,283 --> 00:45:55,518
Sit for the boarding exams
somewhere in the midwest.
655
00:45:56,788 --> 00:45:59,489
I don't know, at that point,
what is he? He's in his 80s?
656
00:45:59,623 --> 00:46:03,126
And those exams
are very challenging.
657
00:46:03,261 --> 00:46:04,494
And I think he came close,
658
00:46:04,662 --> 00:46:07,330
But he couldn't get
relicensed for that.
659
00:46:08,566 --> 00:46:11,434
- They said he diagnosed
them incorrectly.
660
00:46:12,737 --> 00:46:14,670
And when...
661
00:46:14,806 --> 00:46:17,340
And when he had to give
his license back...
662
00:46:17,542 --> 00:46:21,344
Oh! The diagnosis was correct!
663
00:46:21,912 --> 00:46:24,447
He did not misdiagnose anybody.
664
00:46:25,550 --> 00:46:28,117
Just conclusions were jumped to.
665
00:46:28,285 --> 00:46:30,753
And because that doctor
didn't agree with the way
666
00:46:30,955 --> 00:46:34,090
He was being treated,
the diagnosis...
667
00:46:34,225 --> 00:46:36,092
Automatically thought
it was wrong.
668
00:46:36,761 --> 00:46:38,161
But it wasn't.
669
00:46:38,296 --> 00:46:39,562
I wasn't there.
670
00:46:39,697 --> 00:46:42,832
I don't remember exactly
what he gave this patient.
671
00:46:44,168 --> 00:46:46,269
But it was the right treatment.
672
00:46:51,576 --> 00:46:52,909
- As the story goes,
673
00:46:53,044 --> 00:46:54,644
That's when otto nathan
writes harvey
674
00:46:54,778 --> 00:46:57,113
And indignant letter saying,
675
00:46:57,315 --> 00:46:59,048
"you've had the brain
for quite some time.
676
00:46:59,216 --> 00:47:00,750
Why are you not publishing?"
677
00:47:02,186 --> 00:47:05,888
So, clearly, the expectation
was harvey should keep the brain
678
00:47:06,023 --> 00:47:08,491
For scholarly study,
679
00:47:08,659 --> 00:47:12,795
And if anything, he was getting
berated for not doing enough.
680
00:47:14,065 --> 00:47:17,300
- Tom harvey's getting a lot
of pressure from otto nathan
681
00:47:17,434 --> 00:47:19,569
In the letters, saying, "hey!
682
00:47:19,737 --> 00:47:22,238
I've seen this article
in new jersey monthly.
683
00:47:22,373 --> 00:47:24,040
I'm really not so happy
684
00:47:24,174 --> 00:47:26,108
That the brain
is in a costa cider box,
685
00:47:26,277 --> 00:47:29,312
And it's being compared
to some kind of candy chews.
686
00:47:29,446 --> 00:47:30,913
And what the heck?!
687
00:47:31,081 --> 00:47:32,248
Like, where's
the study already?"
688
00:47:32,416 --> 00:47:35,017
And so, what happens
is tom's like,
689
00:47:35,219 --> 00:47:37,787
So delighted to hear
from marian diamond
690
00:47:37,922 --> 00:47:39,989
Who's, you know,
this maverick researcher
691
00:47:40,124 --> 00:47:42,992
That he immediately goes
to his jars
692
00:47:43,127 --> 00:47:46,596
And fishes out four pieces
of einstein's brain,
693
00:47:46,764 --> 00:47:48,297
And...
694
00:47:48,499 --> 00:47:52,301
Puts them in a mayonnaise jar
and they arrive at berkeley.
695
00:47:55,139 --> 00:47:59,108
Then, she begins this really,
really tedious study
696
00:47:59,243 --> 00:48:03,446
Of counting the glial cells
einstein had per neuron,
697
00:48:03,648 --> 00:48:05,548
Compared to average brains.
698
00:48:06,984 --> 00:48:09,986
And she concludes that einstein
had more
699
00:48:10,188 --> 00:48:14,323
Of these glial cells, generally,
than other people.
700
00:48:15,860 --> 00:48:18,861
- So we had hypothesized,
if we were dealing
701
00:48:19,063 --> 00:48:21,297
With one of the greatest brains
that's ever lived
702
00:48:21,465 --> 00:48:23,933
That we should find more
glial cells per neuron.
703
00:48:24,135 --> 00:48:26,135
And that's essentially
what we did find.
704
00:48:26,270 --> 00:48:30,039
- In fact, dr. Diamond
found 73% more glial cells
705
00:48:30,207 --> 00:48:31,474
Than average.
706
00:48:32,343 --> 00:48:34,710
- Of course, you know,
she's not got a lot of genius
707
00:48:34,845 --> 00:48:36,345
Brains for comparison,
708
00:48:36,547 --> 00:48:39,382
And she publishes this
in a friend's journal
709
00:48:39,516 --> 00:48:41,717
Because she's wanting
to give her friend a boost,
710
00:48:41,885 --> 00:48:43,586
And it was called
experimental neurology.
711
00:48:43,721 --> 00:48:45,554
So it comes out in the 1980s.
712
00:48:45,690 --> 00:48:49,892
And you know, she's really
hopeful that it will be, um,
713
00:48:50,027 --> 00:48:51,494
You know, something
that will help bring
714
00:48:51,696 --> 00:48:54,697
More attention to her work
and that it would boost
715
00:48:54,832 --> 00:48:56,299
The journal and so on...
716
00:48:56,434 --> 00:49:00,569
And instead, it's met with
some pretty fierce criticism.
717
00:49:02,707 --> 00:49:07,043
And in fact, a lot of people
used her study as an example
718
00:49:07,177 --> 00:49:08,978
Of not good science,
of bad science.
719
00:49:09,180 --> 00:49:11,280
There was one researcher
who even used to post
720
00:49:11,415 --> 00:49:13,849
A slide in his powerpoints
as a kind of joke
721
00:49:14,052 --> 00:49:15,551
To break the ice.
722
00:49:18,088 --> 00:49:21,123
So came the very first
sort of public suggestions
723
00:49:21,325 --> 00:49:24,727
That scientists who were
interested in studying
724
00:49:24,862 --> 00:49:28,564
This brain were more seduced
by the idea of celebrity,
725
00:49:28,732 --> 00:49:31,801
Less by the idea
of doing serious science.
726
00:49:35,473 --> 00:49:40,910
- Some of them were interested
for purely scientific reasons.
727
00:49:41,812 --> 00:49:44,613
And they had valid...
728
00:49:45,349 --> 00:49:49,585
Issues about whether
they could continue with...
729
00:49:49,753 --> 00:49:51,988
A certain line
of research or not.
730
00:49:52,122 --> 00:49:54,724
But still fascinates people...
731
00:49:56,494 --> 00:49:58,928
...On multiple levels, you know.
732
00:49:59,063 --> 00:50:00,329
And...
733
00:50:01,032 --> 00:50:02,565
I don't know.
734
00:50:02,767 --> 00:50:04,900
I guess...
735
00:50:05,702 --> 00:50:07,636
Even if they had
some of the brain,
736
00:50:07,839 --> 00:50:12,441
You know, what can you
ascertain from one sample?
737
00:50:13,243 --> 00:50:15,478
How important could that be?
738
00:50:20,051 --> 00:50:23,719
- When he was in weston,
he was married to rachelle.
739
00:50:23,887 --> 00:50:25,921
That was his third wife.
740
00:50:26,124 --> 00:50:29,558
But he worked almost 24-7.
741
00:50:31,295 --> 00:50:34,196
He would leave the clinic
and go to ers to work.
742
00:50:34,331 --> 00:50:35,798
He worked at the prison,
743
00:50:36,000 --> 00:50:38,467
He just... That was his life,
was to work.
744
00:50:38,669 --> 00:50:41,904
So I imagine it was
a lonely life for her.
745
00:50:44,108 --> 00:50:46,876
I later found out
that they divorced,
746
00:50:47,044 --> 00:50:49,945
After he lost his license.
747
00:51:03,527 --> 00:51:08,898
- When I met tom, he was
working second shift at e & e.
748
00:51:09,100 --> 00:51:12,001
It's kind of inherently
dangerous work.
749
00:51:13,838 --> 00:51:15,938
During the time I worked
at e & e,
750
00:51:16,073 --> 00:51:19,842
I watched a young woman
cut her index finger off.
751
00:51:21,512 --> 00:51:25,614
I was 20 feet away when actually
a very good friend of mine
752
00:51:25,749 --> 00:51:27,716
Used a radial saw and kind of
753
00:51:27,852 --> 00:51:30,119
Sliced down the middle
of his finger this way.
754
00:51:30,321 --> 00:51:32,588
I mean, there...
Yes, there were plenty
755
00:51:32,723 --> 00:51:33,923
Of accidents all the time.
756
00:51:36,660 --> 00:51:40,696
- By the time tom is, you know,
at an age when most people
757
00:51:40,864 --> 00:51:42,598
Would be thinking
about retiring
758
00:51:42,733 --> 00:51:44,333
And putting their feet up
and so on,
759
00:51:44,501 --> 00:51:46,135
He is, you know,
760
00:51:46,270 --> 00:51:49,505
Working flat out
at a plastics factory.
761
00:51:53,210 --> 00:51:57,246
- He was working on the back
of a machine called an extruder.
762
00:51:57,414 --> 00:52:00,783
An extruder is kind of like
a play-doh hair factory.
763
00:52:00,951 --> 00:52:03,119
I don't know if you had one
of those when you were a kid,
764
00:52:03,321 --> 00:52:05,321
But you cram all
the play-doh in here,
765
00:52:05,455 --> 00:52:08,491
And then you use this lever
and you crank down on it
766
00:52:08,659 --> 00:52:10,960
And it comes out over here.
767
00:52:11,095 --> 00:52:12,962
You can make it
into certain shapes.
768
00:52:13,164 --> 00:52:15,331
You can put the star
attachment on
769
00:52:15,465 --> 00:52:18,100
And it comes out
as a cross-sectional star,
770
00:52:18,235 --> 00:52:20,336
Or a tube, or whatever
you wanna do.
771
00:52:20,504 --> 00:52:22,838
That's essentially
what an extruder is.
772
00:52:24,375 --> 00:52:28,611
And so, tom's job was, he was
on the back-end of the thing
773
00:52:28,813 --> 00:52:32,848
Taking off this long extrusion
and cutting it to size.
774
00:52:33,050 --> 00:52:35,351
So for 8 to 10 hours a day,
775
00:52:35,485 --> 00:52:37,820
Tom would pull a part off
the extruder,
776
00:52:37,988 --> 00:52:40,623
Wait for an automatic saw
to cut it roughly,
777
00:52:40,791 --> 00:52:43,492
And then, he would put it
in a jig and use a radial saw,
778
00:52:43,660 --> 00:52:45,628
Cut one in,
put it in the other end,
779
00:52:45,762 --> 00:52:47,463
And cut the other end.
780
00:52:47,665 --> 00:52:49,465
Can you believe that?
781
00:52:50,801 --> 00:52:54,370
Tom was a little bit
of a misfit, initially.
782
00:52:55,406 --> 00:52:59,175
Eventually, tom became
very well liked.
783
00:53:01,612 --> 00:53:04,713
Every month, we would pick
an employee of the month.
784
00:53:04,848 --> 00:53:06,482
And I couldn't even begin
785
00:53:06,684 --> 00:53:08,450
To tell you what month
or what year it was,
786
00:53:08,619 --> 00:53:11,787
But tom was selected
as an employee of the month.
787
00:53:11,989 --> 00:53:14,790
And it was a pretty big deal.
You got a parking spot
788
00:53:14,925 --> 00:53:16,525
Right out in front
of the building
789
00:53:16,693 --> 00:53:19,161
And you got like a plaque,
and then there was a thing
790
00:53:19,363 --> 00:53:22,131
In the break room
that your name went on for,
791
00:53:22,299 --> 00:53:24,200
You know, perpetuity,
or at least until the company
792
00:53:24,402 --> 00:53:25,834
Goes out of business.
793
00:53:30,174 --> 00:53:32,241
- Well, I was a poor
phd student.
794
00:53:32,409 --> 00:53:35,978
And it struck me that he was
a man of moderate means as well.
795
00:53:36,113 --> 00:53:38,180
That seemed like
a perfect match.
796
00:53:38,315 --> 00:53:40,249
And before we knew it,
we had moved in.
797
00:53:41,485 --> 00:53:45,187
He moved in these enormous
wooden shelves, bookshelves,
798
00:53:45,389 --> 00:53:48,824
And filled the dining room wall
with bookshelves.
799
00:53:48,959 --> 00:53:50,492
And what followed
soon afterwards
800
00:53:50,661 --> 00:53:54,430
Were piles of books and papers,
and a mysterious jar.
801
00:53:55,466 --> 00:53:57,766
And then, it all came out.
802
00:53:57,934 --> 00:53:59,902
And I suddenly realized
that I was probably
803
00:54:00,070 --> 00:54:02,538
One of the very few physics
students in history
804
00:54:02,740 --> 00:54:05,474
That were living with
the god of physics' brain.
805
00:54:07,544 --> 00:54:11,080
It did suddenly appear one day
on the dining room table.
806
00:54:11,215 --> 00:54:12,715
And he would sit there
with the jar
807
00:54:12,849 --> 00:54:14,583
Right next to his breakfast.
808
00:54:17,854 --> 00:54:19,288
Like, can't imagine anybody
809
00:54:19,423 --> 00:54:21,757
Would dream of such thing
in their wildest dreams.
810
00:54:27,230 --> 00:54:30,132
- As quakers, we tried
to be sort of quiet.
811
00:54:31,502 --> 00:54:35,004
I thought of tom as just
this quiet elderly man
812
00:54:35,172 --> 00:54:38,574
Who rode a bicycle
and who was kind and...
813
00:54:39,844 --> 00:54:44,346
Pleasant to be around,
quiet, he didn't say much.
814
00:54:44,849 --> 00:54:48,517
So I was... I was really
surprised, as time went on,
815
00:54:48,652 --> 00:54:51,120
When I found out more
about his past.
816
00:54:53,724 --> 00:54:57,192
- We often had parties together
and he was a real party animal.
817
00:54:58,028 --> 00:55:01,130
He was a lot of fun.
He could mix with any age group.
818
00:55:01,332 --> 00:55:03,732
He could mix with
any social class.
819
00:55:03,934 --> 00:55:05,734
He was a real quaker
in that respect,
820
00:55:05,936 --> 00:55:07,236
And he brought it to the party.
821
00:55:07,404 --> 00:55:09,171
Nothing like a quaker
at a party.
822
00:55:10,073 --> 00:55:11,874
He could drink people
under the table.
823
00:55:12,009 --> 00:55:15,010
He could laugh
and joke with anyone.
824
00:55:15,212 --> 00:55:16,879
He was fabulous to have around.
825
00:55:18,549 --> 00:55:21,150
- Tom did seem a bit
mysterious to me.
826
00:55:21,752 --> 00:55:23,686
Here was this older man
who rode a bicycle
827
00:55:23,821 --> 00:55:25,521
And worked at a plastics plant
828
00:55:25,689 --> 00:55:28,290
Who'd been a chief pathologist
at princeton hospital.
829
00:55:28,492 --> 00:55:32,227
And it kind of didn't
seem to fit real well.
830
00:55:34,465 --> 00:55:38,634
And then, I learned that
not only had he done
831
00:55:38,836 --> 00:55:40,703
The autopsy on einstein,
832
00:55:40,905 --> 00:55:44,106
But that he possessed
einstein's brain.
833
00:55:44,308 --> 00:55:47,276
- I did not understand
how that...
834
00:55:47,411 --> 00:55:49,178
How having a dissected brain
835
00:55:49,380 --> 00:55:52,114
Could further our
understanding of brains.
836
00:55:52,316 --> 00:55:53,849
So as a scientist,
837
00:55:54,051 --> 00:55:56,118
I struggled to understand
838
00:55:56,320 --> 00:55:59,221
How having one sample
could lead you
839
00:55:59,389 --> 00:56:01,724
To a theory of...
840
00:56:01,926 --> 00:56:03,192
The brain.
841
00:56:04,928 --> 00:56:07,062
- When I saw the brain,
842
00:56:07,264 --> 00:56:08,697
I was sort of unimpressed
843
00:56:08,832 --> 00:56:11,333
Because, again, I was expecting
to see the whole brain.
844
00:56:11,468 --> 00:56:13,836
And I just saw this little
piece of it.
845
00:56:14,038 --> 00:56:16,238
And so, it was like,
oh, it was not quite
846
00:56:16,373 --> 00:56:18,240
As impressive as I expected.
847
00:56:18,375 --> 00:56:21,477
I don't know what I was
expecting, actually.
848
00:56:21,612 --> 00:56:23,078
I guess when you think
of einstein's brain,
849
00:56:23,213 --> 00:56:24,913
You think of something
really marvelous,
850
00:56:25,081 --> 00:56:26,915
Like you've never seen before.
851
00:56:27,083 --> 00:56:30,886
And it was just like a specimen
in a specimen jar.
852
00:56:33,690 --> 00:56:38,093
- One of the things that
everybody loved about tom,
853
00:56:38,228 --> 00:56:41,363
The guy never missed work.
I mean, never missed work.
854
00:56:41,498 --> 00:56:42,831
So...
855
00:56:43,033 --> 00:56:45,200
One day, I got a call
telling me that tom
856
00:56:45,368 --> 00:56:47,536
Was not going to be
at work that day.
857
00:56:47,704 --> 00:56:51,774
And I was told that he was
in a bicycle accident.
858
00:56:54,344 --> 00:56:58,080
He was hit, while on his bike,
was hit by a car
859
00:56:58,248 --> 00:57:01,016
That was driven
by a woman who...
860
00:57:01,151 --> 00:57:04,787
Oh, by the way, at the time,
he was 79 or 80.
861
00:57:04,989 --> 00:57:07,456
And she was one year older
than tom,
862
00:57:07,591 --> 00:57:09,057
If you can imagine that.
863
00:57:09,260 --> 00:57:10,526
So I've always kind of suspected
864
00:57:10,728 --> 00:57:12,594
That if guinness book
of world records
865
00:57:12,796 --> 00:57:16,598
Ever had a category
for "bike v. Car
866
00:57:16,733 --> 00:57:18,367
Accident combined age,"
867
00:57:18,535 --> 00:57:20,469
There's not doubt in my mind
that they would be
868
00:57:20,671 --> 00:57:22,137
In the running for that one.
869
00:57:25,409 --> 00:57:27,776
When tom did come back
to the line
870
00:57:27,944 --> 00:57:29,478
After the bicycle accident,
871
00:57:29,613 --> 00:57:33,916
I don't think I ever saw him
move without pain,
872
00:57:34,050 --> 00:57:37,019
In the same way that I did
before the accident.
873
00:57:38,722 --> 00:57:40,622
He lost a little bit
of strength,
874
00:57:40,757 --> 00:57:44,493
And he was noticeably
less agile.
875
00:57:44,695 --> 00:57:48,397
I think he always moved
really well, um...
876
00:57:48,565 --> 00:57:53,836
And I think he just couldn't be
quite as pain-free after that.
877
00:57:55,072 --> 00:57:56,839
- Whenever he came back
from the factory,
878
00:57:57,007 --> 00:57:59,141
He was clearly exhausted.
879
00:57:59,276 --> 00:58:03,312
He was ashen with just...
880
00:58:03,514 --> 00:58:05,414
You know, mind-numbing
exhaustion.
881
00:58:05,616 --> 00:58:09,952
And it broke my heart
to see somebody of his age,
882
00:58:10,086 --> 00:58:12,588
And of his incredible abilities,
883
00:58:12,723 --> 00:58:14,423
Working away
at this kind of work.
884
00:58:17,261 --> 00:58:20,929
- He could have somehow
profited personally
885
00:58:21,097 --> 00:58:24,433
From his role as the keeper
of einstein's brain,
886
00:58:24,601 --> 00:58:26,335
But he never did.
887
00:58:26,470 --> 00:58:28,136
So he would turn down
888
00:58:28,272 --> 00:58:32,508
Big money offer interviews
from various media and tv shows.
889
00:58:32,676 --> 00:58:35,410
And yet, he would show
the brain to, you know,
890
00:58:35,613 --> 00:58:38,814
Sort of the rotary club members
or high school students
891
00:58:39,016 --> 00:58:41,383
Or, you know, fellow quakers.
892
00:58:41,551 --> 00:58:44,486
Or he wouldn't sell the brain.
He had offer, you know.
893
00:58:44,621 --> 00:58:46,355
People wanted to buy the brain,
and so on.
894
00:58:46,557 --> 00:58:50,292
But he would instead work like,
three, four, five jobs
895
00:58:50,494 --> 00:58:53,462
To make ends meet before
he thought about, you know,
896
00:58:53,597 --> 00:58:55,264
Taking any money for the brain.
897
00:58:56,834 --> 00:58:59,701
But at the same time,
he got so busy living
898
00:58:59,903 --> 00:59:03,672
That einstein's brain was this
thing on his to-do list
899
00:59:03,840 --> 00:59:08,844
That slipped further and further
down the list.
900
00:59:23,627 --> 00:59:25,427
- Long trip from japan, huh?
- Yeah.
901
00:59:25,562 --> 00:59:26,895
- Very long.
902
00:59:27,798 --> 00:59:30,032
So what is the purpose
of your visit here?
903
00:59:30,166 --> 00:59:33,502
- I'm looking for
einstein's brain.
904
00:59:33,670 --> 00:59:34,636
- Okay.
905
00:59:36,206 --> 00:59:38,173
- A couple years later,
there was a documentary
906
00:59:38,341 --> 00:59:39,741
That some guy did.
907
00:59:40,811 --> 00:59:42,544
- Dr. Harvey's house
908
00:59:42,746 --> 00:59:45,414
Is just on the other side
of the creek.
909
00:59:46,650 --> 00:59:48,383
- This physicist from japan
910
00:59:48,551 --> 00:59:50,519
Was really very interested
in einstein.
911
00:59:50,687 --> 00:59:52,921
And harvey clearly liked him.
It was in kansas.
912
01:00:01,331 --> 01:00:04,733
Oh! Wow!
913
01:00:12,475 --> 01:00:13,575
oh!
914
01:00:13,777 --> 01:00:15,777
- His brain has been sectioned.
915
01:00:15,979 --> 01:00:18,780
- Oh!
- Cut into many pieces.
916
01:00:18,982 --> 01:00:20,916
As you see.
917
01:00:26,390 --> 01:00:31,259
- Possible please give me...
918
01:00:32,562 --> 01:00:35,964
From photo, one piece
of einstein's brain?
919
01:00:37,734 --> 01:00:39,901
- And he says, "could I have
a piece of the brain?"
920
01:00:40,070 --> 01:00:41,436
And harvey...
921
01:00:41,571 --> 01:00:43,005
Harvey grabs
his mayonnaise jars
922
01:00:43,140 --> 01:00:44,606
And cuts off a little bit
of the cerebellum
923
01:00:44,774 --> 01:00:46,508
With a kitchen knife.
I know he had a better knife.
924
01:00:46,643 --> 01:00:48,677
I think he had
a pathology knife.
925
01:00:48,879 --> 01:00:49,945
And gave him a bit.
926
01:00:50,113 --> 01:00:52,781
- Let me get this knife and...
927
01:00:52,916 --> 01:00:54,850
Cutting board.
928
01:01:05,496 --> 01:01:07,062
Okay...
929
01:01:07,230 --> 01:01:11,199
- And slowly, it took on
some circus-like aspects
930
01:01:11,334 --> 01:01:13,035
That were exactly
the nightmare...
931
01:01:13,170 --> 01:01:16,204
- This is brain stem
and cerebellum.
932
01:01:16,372 --> 01:01:19,307
- ...That the einstein estate,
933
01:01:19,443 --> 01:01:21,543
And einstein himself I guess,
934
01:01:21,745 --> 01:01:23,545
Would never want to see.
935
01:01:24,414 --> 01:01:27,149
- Oh, thank you for this, sir.
- You're welcome.
936
01:01:30,454 --> 01:01:34,222
- Later on, it took on,
you know, kind of crazy aspects,
937
01:01:34,390 --> 01:01:39,194
Maybe culminating in this one
trip some guy wrote a book about
938
01:01:39,329 --> 01:01:41,830
Going cross-country
with einstein's brain.
939
01:01:52,276 --> 01:01:55,077
I think it's driving mr. Albert
by paterniti
940
01:01:55,212 --> 01:01:56,645
Which was a great read,
941
01:01:56,780 --> 01:01:59,147
But it really didn't do
942
01:01:59,349 --> 01:02:00,949
Anything great
for thomas harvey.
943
01:02:03,386 --> 01:02:07,556
Paterniti, you know,
went cross-country with a brain,
944
01:02:07,758 --> 01:02:10,225
With harvey and sort of
portrayed him as,
945
01:02:10,360 --> 01:02:12,260
I don't even know
how he portrayed him.
946
01:02:13,497 --> 01:02:16,398
He got down to wichita
and he introduced him
947
01:02:16,566 --> 01:02:19,568
To william burroughs
of naked lunch fame.
948
01:02:19,770 --> 01:02:21,603
And william burroughs...
949
01:02:21,738 --> 01:02:24,206
Harvey, who was this very,
to me,
950
01:02:24,340 --> 01:02:27,442
Scholarly quaker quiet guy,
951
01:02:27,577 --> 01:02:32,080
And burroughs is saying,
"what's your addiction, doctor?"
952
01:02:32,248 --> 01:02:34,416
So that's in the book,
and... I mean,
953
01:02:34,584 --> 01:02:37,185
Those kind of things which make
for a very diverting reading,
954
01:02:37,387 --> 01:02:40,422
I don't think the family
was terribly thrilled with it.
955
01:02:44,995 --> 01:02:46,795
- And dr. Harvey, at that point,
956
01:02:46,930 --> 01:02:50,832
Didn't seem really in possession
of his own story,
957
01:02:50,967 --> 01:02:52,601
But was just going with it.
958
01:02:55,104 --> 01:02:57,305
Maybe at that point
he just should've given it
959
01:02:57,440 --> 01:03:00,575
To a research institution
and passed it on
960
01:03:00,743 --> 01:03:04,746
Instead of having
the brain loose out there
961
01:03:04,881 --> 01:03:06,748
And not under, you know,
962
01:03:06,950 --> 01:03:11,419
The protection
of a scientific institute.
963
01:03:11,622 --> 01:03:14,122
And you know...
964
01:03:14,290 --> 01:03:15,791
Less of a spectacle.
965
01:03:20,597 --> 01:03:23,999
- Tom was quite unfairly
portrayed in some media.
966
01:03:24,835 --> 01:03:27,435
I think there was the element
of the sort of freak show
967
01:03:27,571 --> 01:03:30,305
About tom and his possession
of the brain.
968
01:03:31,875 --> 01:03:34,276
By and large, journalists
did not bother to find out
969
01:03:34,410 --> 01:03:37,412
That aspect.
They immediately latched onto
970
01:03:37,547 --> 01:03:39,815
The circus element of it all.
971
01:03:40,017 --> 01:03:42,818
And almost abused it,
in a way.
972
01:03:43,020 --> 01:03:46,388
And marketed it
as a brand.
973
01:03:59,602 --> 01:04:01,002
- Einstein has a bobble head.
974
01:04:01,204 --> 01:04:02,871
There's been lots of movies
about einstein.
975
01:04:03,006 --> 01:04:06,141
People have posters of einstein
in their room.
976
01:04:06,276 --> 01:04:07,776
I remember watching
a spiderman movie.
977
01:04:07,944 --> 01:04:09,311
And in the spiderman movie,
978
01:04:09,445 --> 01:04:12,948
There's a poster of einstein
on peter parker's wall.
979
01:04:13,083 --> 01:04:17,552
One of the reasons is because,
a: He personifies genius.
980
01:04:17,687 --> 01:04:21,990
And I think everybody,
across race, religion, culture,
981
01:04:22,158 --> 01:04:25,160
Republican, democrat,
right, left, old, young.
982
01:04:25,362 --> 01:04:28,697
It doesn't matter.
Everybody knows who einstein is.
983
01:04:33,603 --> 01:04:35,770
I live in the appalachian
mountains,
984
01:04:35,973 --> 01:04:38,006
And you know, I wake up
in the morning
985
01:04:38,141 --> 01:04:40,675
And get eggs from my chickens
and then I boot up my computer,
986
01:04:40,843 --> 01:04:44,145
And to the world I am
the digital avatar
987
01:04:44,280 --> 01:04:46,781
Of albert einstein.
It's pretty bananas.
988
01:04:51,188 --> 01:04:53,955
Believe it or not,
einstein is one of the few
989
01:04:54,090 --> 01:04:57,425
Dead celebrities who has
a presence on social media.
990
01:04:57,560 --> 01:05:00,562
And he has 20 million followers
991
01:05:00,730 --> 01:05:04,065
On facebook,
instagram and twitter.
992
01:05:04,267 --> 01:05:06,001
More than most living
celebrities.
993
01:05:06,136 --> 01:05:08,203
More than tom hanks,
more than jennifer aniston.
994
01:05:08,338 --> 01:05:10,171
And... Yeah!
995
01:05:11,308 --> 01:05:14,142
I get all sorts of interesting
people try to direct message me
996
01:05:14,344 --> 01:05:15,644
On social media.
997
01:05:15,778 --> 01:05:17,779
I get teenagers in india
998
01:05:17,947 --> 01:05:19,781
Message me for help
with their math homework.
999
01:05:19,916 --> 01:05:21,449
I get physicists in florida
1000
01:05:21,617 --> 01:05:24,586
Who want to show me their new
scientific research paper.
1001
01:05:24,721 --> 01:05:28,056
As if I can weigh in on it
in any meaningful way.
1002
01:05:28,224 --> 01:05:29,858
Well, I think you're missing
a comma over there.
1003
01:05:29,993 --> 01:05:31,860
Or I think that equation
is off.
1004
01:05:32,028 --> 01:05:33,461
I don't know what
they're thinking.
1005
01:05:33,629 --> 01:05:35,263
Maybe they just want a response,
a pat on the...
1006
01:05:35,431 --> 01:05:36,865
A virtual, digital
pat on the shoulder
1007
01:05:37,033 --> 01:05:38,066
For their good work.
1008
01:05:41,705 --> 01:05:43,838
One of the first things I posted
1009
01:05:43,974 --> 01:05:46,274
When I took over the albert
einstein social media account
1010
01:05:46,409 --> 01:05:48,576
Was the story about
thomas harvey
1011
01:05:48,712 --> 01:05:51,479
Stealing einstein's brain
in the morgue.
1012
01:05:53,750 --> 01:05:56,084
And it got one of the worst
1013
01:05:56,219 --> 01:05:59,487
Results ever on einstein's
social media.
1014
01:05:59,622 --> 01:06:01,556
People did not want to hear it.
1015
01:06:01,691 --> 01:06:04,292
These were fans who look up
to einstein,
1016
01:06:04,427 --> 01:06:05,894
He's a beloved character,
1017
01:06:06,029 --> 01:06:10,999
He's enshrined in their mind
as this perfect totem of genius,
1018
01:06:11,134 --> 01:06:12,634
And...
1019
01:06:12,802 --> 01:06:15,136
To hear the story
of thomas harvey
1020
01:06:15,338 --> 01:06:17,973
Violently taking the brain,
1021
01:06:18,141 --> 01:06:20,976
And the brain, and what it
represents for einstein.
1022
01:06:21,144 --> 01:06:22,844
It's not like he took
einstein's ear
1023
01:06:22,979 --> 01:06:24,446
Or a lock einstein's hair.
1024
01:06:24,580 --> 01:06:27,349
Einstein's brain
is what he's famous for.
1025
01:06:27,484 --> 01:06:30,151
And this guy cracked open
his head,
1026
01:06:30,353 --> 01:06:33,254
Grabbed the brain
and stole it.
1027
01:06:33,423 --> 01:06:35,590
And when... Think about it.
1028
01:06:35,758 --> 01:06:37,292
Like, I wasn't thinking
when I posted it...
1029
01:06:37,494 --> 01:06:39,427
Here's a fan page
for albert einstein
1030
01:06:39,629 --> 01:06:41,763
With 20 million people
who love albert einstein.
1031
01:06:41,965 --> 01:06:45,100
I should've known better
how they were gonna respond.
1032
01:06:45,235 --> 01:06:46,501
It didn't get that many likes,
1033
01:06:46,636 --> 01:06:48,336
It got all these
negative comments.
1034
01:06:48,471 --> 01:06:51,339
"what are you doing?
We don't wanna hear about this."
1035
01:06:51,474 --> 01:06:53,508
Even the einstein archives
themselves were like,
1036
01:06:53,710 --> 01:06:55,877
"could you please not post
about thomas harvey so much?"
1037
01:06:56,012 --> 01:06:59,014
It's one of the few blemishes
on einstein's legacy.
1038
01:07:52,368 --> 01:07:55,937
- I got the impression that
he was profoundly embarrassed
1039
01:07:56,072 --> 01:07:59,040
That he had not
produced the study.
1040
01:07:59,208 --> 01:08:01,242
He had sent it to many,
many people.
1041
01:08:02,378 --> 01:08:06,114
And one could argue
that at a certain point
1042
01:08:06,316 --> 01:08:10,852
He owed it to
the einstein family,
1043
01:08:10,987 --> 01:08:13,855
To the public,
maybe to einstein himself,
1044
01:08:13,990 --> 01:08:16,658
To come up with what
he had at that moment.
1045
01:08:16,860 --> 01:08:20,829
And then, maybe throw it open
for other scientists.
1046
01:08:26,803 --> 01:08:30,038
- There was a canadian
researcher, sandra witelson,
1047
01:08:30,206 --> 01:08:32,474
Who had a very large collection
of normal brains,
1048
01:08:32,676 --> 01:08:34,142
Which is, you know,
highly unusual
1049
01:08:34,344 --> 01:08:36,444
And very precious
in brain research.
1050
01:08:36,579 --> 01:08:40,348
And so, one day, she received
a one-page fax
1051
01:08:40,483 --> 01:08:43,451
That came out of the blue
into her office
1052
01:08:43,586 --> 01:08:45,854
That simply said,
"would you like to study
1053
01:08:45,988 --> 01:08:48,356
The brain of albert einstein?"
1054
01:08:53,296 --> 01:08:54,762
Tom told me this story
1055
01:08:54,898 --> 01:08:58,166
Of having packed the brain
into the trunk of his dodge.
1056
01:08:58,968 --> 01:09:03,338
And driving up to canada
1057
01:09:03,472 --> 01:09:06,574
And crossing at niagara falls
at midnight.
1058
01:09:08,444 --> 01:09:10,678
And trying to declare
1059
01:09:10,846 --> 01:09:13,581
The brain of albert einstein
at customs.
1060
01:09:13,783 --> 01:09:16,184
and the customs officers
1061
01:09:16,386 --> 01:09:17,986
Had said, you know,
1062
01:09:18,121 --> 01:09:19,487
"do you have anything
to declare?"
1063
01:09:19,622 --> 01:09:21,022
He tells them what he has.
1064
01:09:21,224 --> 01:09:23,591
I suspect they did not
believe him
1065
01:09:23,726 --> 01:09:27,562
Because he said they didn't ask
to see it or anything.
1066
01:09:27,730 --> 01:09:29,264
So...
1067
01:09:30,132 --> 01:09:32,167
He just drove straight through
1068
01:09:32,301 --> 01:09:35,403
And he delivered a certain
portion of the brain
1069
01:09:35,605 --> 01:09:37,872
To sandra witelson in hamilton.
1070
01:09:43,045 --> 01:09:45,146
You know, she describes
holding it in her hands
1071
01:09:45,281 --> 01:09:47,949
And feeling a sense of awe.
1072
01:09:49,018 --> 01:09:51,786
You know, you think scientists
are somehow immune
1073
01:09:51,921 --> 01:09:54,856
To the kind of mystical
hocus-pocus
1074
01:09:55,024 --> 01:09:56,958
That goes around
when we think about
1075
01:09:57,160 --> 01:09:59,561
The body parts of famous people,
1076
01:09:59,763 --> 01:10:01,663
But they're not.
And I think that that's one
1077
01:10:01,797 --> 01:10:03,331
Of the interesting things
about science,
1078
01:10:03,499 --> 01:10:06,201
Is that it tries
to be objective,
1079
01:10:06,369 --> 01:10:11,105
It tries to transcend all
of the other foibles
1080
01:10:11,241 --> 01:10:13,308
That mark the human condition.
1081
01:10:13,443 --> 01:10:16,811
But it can never
because it's driven by people.
1082
01:10:16,946 --> 01:10:18,479
And we are all flawed.
1083
01:10:20,150 --> 01:10:23,117
- She wrote this paper
about the exceptional brain
1084
01:10:23,253 --> 01:10:24,485
Of albert einstein.
1085
01:10:24,654 --> 01:10:27,455
And, I'm gonna do her
a disservice,
1086
01:10:27,590 --> 01:10:31,125
But say that she really focused
on the parietal lobe,
1087
01:10:31,328 --> 01:10:32,760
Albert einstein's parietal lobe
1088
01:10:32,895 --> 01:10:34,963
Which, when she studied
the photographs,
1089
01:10:35,097 --> 01:10:39,067
She found anatomical anomalies.
1090
01:10:39,269 --> 01:10:41,236
- Neuroscientist sandra witelson
1091
01:10:41,370 --> 01:10:43,938
Has just finished peering
into one of the greatest minds
1092
01:10:44,140 --> 01:10:46,040
Of the 20th century.
1093
01:10:46,208 --> 01:10:49,010
- The width of the brain,
from left to right,
1094
01:10:49,212 --> 01:10:53,014
Was larger by 15 percent,
in einstein's brain,
1095
01:10:53,149 --> 01:10:54,682
Compared to the control group.
1096
01:10:56,218 --> 01:10:57,952
- I remember her describing it
at the time
1097
01:10:58,154 --> 01:11:00,622
And saying, to her,
it was as obvious
1098
01:11:00,757 --> 01:11:04,525
As seeing eyebrows misplaced
on the face.
1099
01:11:04,694 --> 01:11:08,129
And that's how different
this one particular fissure
1100
01:11:08,264 --> 01:11:10,565
In einstein's brain was.
1101
01:11:11,167 --> 01:11:14,836
And it so happens that
the regions of the brain
1102
01:11:15,038 --> 01:11:18,506
That this fissure separates
generally in people
1103
01:11:18,708 --> 01:11:22,710
Are involved in mathematical
and visual, spatial reasoning,
1104
01:11:22,912 --> 01:11:25,680
Which really correlates
to the way einstein
1105
01:11:25,848 --> 01:11:28,850
Used to think,
or describe his thinking,
1106
01:11:29,052 --> 01:11:31,352
Which he said, he didn't think
in terms of numbers.
1107
01:11:31,487 --> 01:11:34,555
It wasn't math
that he envisioned
1108
01:11:34,724 --> 01:11:39,093
When he conducted
his thought experiments,
1109
01:11:39,228 --> 01:11:42,030
But rather he would actually
see himself,
1110
01:11:42,198 --> 01:11:45,933
Be able to imagine himself
riding on a beam of light.
1111
01:11:47,803 --> 01:11:51,539
So, you know, when sandra
witelson completed her study,
1112
01:11:51,674 --> 01:11:54,075
She said, you know,
maybe this explains
1113
01:11:54,277 --> 01:11:55,576
Why he thought in images,
1114
01:11:55,745 --> 01:12:00,381
Why he had such
a fertile lab for a mind.
1115
01:12:03,119 --> 01:12:06,688
She felt that she had located,
to some extent,
1116
01:12:06,823 --> 01:12:10,758
The source of what made
his mind so extraordinary.
1117
01:12:17,366 --> 01:12:19,534
Then, after witelson's study,
1118
01:12:19,668 --> 01:12:22,603
Fred lepore and his research
partner dean falk,
1119
01:12:22,772 --> 01:12:24,906
Came out with a big study
of their own.
1120
01:12:25,108 --> 01:12:27,709
And I think tom would've felt
vindicated for all the years
1121
01:12:27,843 --> 01:12:29,410
He kept the brain.
1122
01:12:29,578 --> 01:12:31,546
- Witelson just stopped
at the parietal lobe.
1123
01:12:31,748 --> 01:12:33,815
But we found every lobe:
1124
01:12:34,017 --> 01:12:36,217
Frontal lobe, parietal lobe,
1125
01:12:36,385 --> 01:12:38,419
Occipital lobe,
cingulate lobe...
1126
01:12:38,587 --> 01:12:40,221
Everything was different.
1127
01:12:40,423 --> 01:12:42,256
That is not standard issue,
1128
01:12:42,459 --> 01:12:43,624
That frontal lobe.
1129
01:12:43,793 --> 01:12:46,761
- So one more makes a big
difference, okay, got it.
1130
01:12:48,131 --> 01:12:49,864
- Extraordinary,
never-before-seen pictures
1131
01:12:49,999 --> 01:12:52,400
Of albert einstein's brain
have just been revealed
1132
01:12:52,602 --> 01:12:55,169
And they could provide clues
about how he came to be
1133
01:12:55,337 --> 01:12:57,572
One of the greatest geniuses
of all-time.
1134
01:12:57,774 --> 01:13:00,908
- And now, people can study
his brain in detail
1135
01:13:01,110 --> 01:13:02,577
Through modern technology.
1136
01:13:02,745 --> 01:13:06,481
There's an ipad app which has
detailed three-dimensional
1137
01:13:06,683 --> 01:13:08,750
Images of einstein's brain.
1138
01:13:08,952 --> 01:13:10,284
- I wanna see that.
1139
01:14:09,412 --> 01:14:11,012
- I mean, he was no hero.
1140
01:14:11,214 --> 01:14:15,616
But I don't think he did
anything with evil intentions.
1141
01:14:17,152 --> 01:14:19,454
- I'm sure he had regrets,
we all have regrets.
1142
01:14:19,656 --> 01:14:22,723
But he was always
about doing the right thing.
1143
01:14:23,893 --> 01:14:26,594
- I think history
has been unfair to him.
1144
01:14:26,796 --> 01:14:29,730
He wanted to be thought
of as a scientist.
1145
01:14:30,666 --> 01:14:35,136
- He didn't want to use
the brain for fame's sake.
1146
01:14:35,271 --> 01:14:38,739
But he did hope that by doing
right by the brain,
1147
01:14:38,874 --> 01:14:42,743
It would make him famous
in a scientific sense.
1148
01:14:43,713 --> 01:14:46,681
He did not leave this earth
a wealthy man.
1149
01:14:47,417 --> 01:14:51,919
But he left this earth
with his integrity
1150
01:14:52,087 --> 01:14:54,589
And knowing he always did
the best he could for people.
1151
01:14:56,492 --> 01:14:58,659
- I think it cost him a lot.
1152
01:14:58,794 --> 01:15:00,361
Would that same sequence
of events,
1153
01:15:00,563 --> 01:15:02,530
Would he've had
marriages that'd go south
1154
01:15:02,665 --> 01:15:04,031
Without einstein's brain,
1155
01:15:04,199 --> 01:15:06,734
Would they have kindly
inclined to him as a part
1156
01:15:06,869 --> 01:15:08,269
Of the medical center
of princeton?
1157
01:15:08,404 --> 01:15:09,804
We're never gonna know.
1158
01:15:11,207 --> 01:15:12,974
- I got interested
in albert einstein
1159
01:15:13,142 --> 01:15:15,076
Because I was in college
reading a book
1160
01:15:15,211 --> 01:15:16,744
That was like, "oh, my god,
1161
01:15:16,879 --> 01:15:19,413
Somebody stole
einstein's brain."
1162
01:15:19,549 --> 01:15:22,350
And that story itself,
if that story gets people
1163
01:15:22,552 --> 01:15:24,452
Interested in albert einstein,
there's something positive
1164
01:15:24,587 --> 01:15:26,020
To be said about that.
1165
01:15:29,425 --> 01:15:30,958
- Do we know where
the brain is now?
1166
01:15:31,093 --> 01:15:33,160
- No. No, you don't.
1167
01:15:33,363 --> 01:15:35,429
And you're not gonna find out.
1168
01:15:39,569 --> 01:15:41,435
If you call medical centre
in princeton, they say,
1169
01:15:41,571 --> 01:15:43,971
"well, that's under
the care of dr. X."
1170
01:15:47,176 --> 01:15:52,747
I don't blame dr. X about being
concerned about publicity.
1171
01:16:03,592 --> 01:16:06,661
- These are the original jars
that dr. Harvey
1172
01:16:06,863 --> 01:16:10,131
Placed all the brain parts
in back in 1955
1173
01:16:10,333 --> 01:16:12,967
When he did the autopsy
and dissected the brain.
1174
01:16:14,903 --> 01:16:16,704
It is a heavy responsibility.
1175
01:16:16,872 --> 01:16:18,773
Dr. Harvey understood that.
1176
01:16:18,907 --> 01:16:21,943
He carried it with him
for most of his adult life.
1177
01:16:22,078 --> 01:16:25,613
And after he ceded the brain,
1178
01:16:25,815 --> 01:16:27,648
I think he was somewhat relieved
1179
01:16:27,783 --> 01:16:29,784
Not to have to worry
about it anymore,
1180
01:16:29,952 --> 01:16:32,086
That someone else was taking
over the helm,
1181
01:16:32,221 --> 01:16:34,155
That the person who was
taking it over
1182
01:16:34,357 --> 01:16:37,325
Had sufficient respect
for this material.
1183
01:16:37,459 --> 01:16:41,662
It was never meant
to be a museum piece.
1184
01:16:41,830 --> 01:16:44,198
It was never meant to sit
on a shelf
1185
01:16:44,333 --> 01:16:46,033
For people to gawk at.
1186
01:16:46,235 --> 01:16:48,970
It was to be used
for scientific purposes.
1187
01:16:49,105 --> 01:16:51,906
And I think that,
1188
01:16:52,108 --> 01:16:55,142
At least as far as we have been
able to go with the science,
1189
01:16:55,310 --> 01:16:57,778
We've kept true to that spirit.
1190
01:16:57,980 --> 01:16:59,080
Hopefully, in the future,
1191
01:16:59,214 --> 01:17:00,881
We'll be able to do
more with it.
1192
01:17:02,484 --> 01:17:05,353
It sounds silly to have
a heavy responsibility,
1193
01:17:05,487 --> 01:17:08,489
But it is einstein's brain.
It's not nothing.
1194
01:17:08,624 --> 01:17:10,725
It is einstein's brain.
1195
01:17:41,924 --> 01:17:43,958
Subtitling: Difuze
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