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Hello, today’s lecture is going to be on a vital part of character production,

the props, which are design elements

Props can be various objects

It ranges from designs characters carry on clothes in hands

to machines or objects that the characters can ride,

such as a type of means of transportation

More broadly, it can even be the house that the character lives in

or the interior of the room

As such, props of characters hints at the image of

the style, impression, job,

tendency in life, time,

characteristics, purposes, and more in an indirect way,

and is a very important design element

Using the sketch of a character done from the last lecture to produce props,

I will explain this in more detail

Let’s add detail to props of the character

When producing these props,

if you

consider about the 7 principles,

depending on how the props are applied to the character,

the process may become easier

The first one of the 7 principles that I thought of is the size of the props

For example, here is the long gun that the main character is holding

Assuming this is a rifle, depending on the size of this rifle

it becomes possible to

estimate the character’s physical traits

The bigger the gun, the heavier it would become

Considering the scale of the props

will also be helpful

Next, how the details of the props such as the shape or language

of this line of character matches this character

can be considered

The next thing to consider is the material, which is very important

The material refers to what was used to make the prop

That is,

depending on the material used and the proportion

of the size of the prop, we can estimate

how much prop weight this character can handle

If this is all made of iron,

or if it is made of light material or leather,

when these clothes are worn in layers,

how much will they weigh and

is this character going to be able to endure it

We may make guesses

And we can think about the usage of this material

We can think about in what way this prop may be used,

more than the use of the material,

and ways of wearing or putting on these props

Also, the laws related to the physical mass

of the prop may be considered

This may be called the law of physics

In a way, this is also proportional to the size of the prop

If the character is

you can create

holding a large cannon like gun or weapon like this,

the size of this prop may affect a lot of things

That is, the pose of the character may change,

and the way the weapon is held may also change

So, if the character carries these big,

cannon like gun,

the size of the various things loaded on the gun like gunpowder

are sure to be large, and their sizes may increase simultaneously

If a wooden,

large,

wedge-shaped ammunition is needed for this weapon,

he might be carrying one cartridge at a time,

but might also have carried several for extra

Then another change in the silhouette is given

But we also need to consider if the character can carry all these loads

and run up and down mountains

to hunt and manage tasks

realistically

So, I think when we look at this character,

if he is in his 50s,

I am not sure how much muscle mass or what muscle size

can carry how much load capacity,

but since there is a fair chance that other parts may become

extremely large if the gun becomes too big,

although it is an area that

more research needs to be done,

within the realistic weight limit that we have in mind,

let’s test the scale

This size still seems to be a bit too heavy to carry around

If

this rifle is slightly thick and heavy,

we should add other smaller designs that can support it,

such as ammunitions to go into the rifle

or other supporting gears

Since this character is a hunter that catches large animals

and dinosaurs that are fast and extremely dangerous,

the weapon should be threatening and large

And since he is sniper,

let’s set him as a character the uses weapons from

a further distance and design the props

If you think more about the usage of props and make guesses

while designing them,

it will become easier to settle the shape of the props

Also, brainstorming becomes easier when searching for references

There are various ways of supposing

the usage of these props

Close your eyes and think

So the hunters would track down the animals when hunting

While tracking them down,

they may use different kinds of gears

While searching on YouTube or other references,

I once encountered a channel about deer hunting

and closely examined how these deer hunters hunt

So although this character hunts down dinosaurs and there is a

fantasy like element to it,

different animals would have different characteristics

The deer hunters would use a technique called lure,

where they imitate the sounds of animals with horns or their hands

The animals would then approach these hunters,

making it easier for hunters to catch them

They use this technique first

Or they would put a trap near areas where animals roam around

and wait for long hours,

hiding themselves by climbing up trees or in other ways

And making some more guesses,

when this hunter sees a target,

he would catch it with a rifle like this

The weapon could also be bows,

knives, or spears

If he succeeds in hunting, the next thing to do is

to dissect the game

Since the game must be skinned first,

the character would need small tools

like knives and such

However, when skinning the animals or other things,

more than one type of knives are used

and there are other knives used just for cutting bones or tendons

After the dissection is completed,

we need to consider how the character would transport meat and pieces of flesh,

if he is going to carry them on an A-frame carrier

or drag them in a bigger sack

or using transportation such as

animals like horses and cows,

and from these we are able to come up with more ideas on related props

And if this character needs to go undercover and track down animals

and is often out of town on a long journey,

he will probably need gears

and tools for camping out or snacks

This would lead to ideas for pocket like

or backpack-like items to store them

I also look at these types of references sometimes

Let me show them to you

I found these

on the Internet while researching

how deer or animal hunters

pack their gears and go into the forest As you see, there are many

types of gears that they have to bring

If you see here,

they do not have labels that tells us what they are,

but we can get a general picture on

what hunters bring when they go hunting

This is a layer for tools used for shooting, as a rifle,

and these are props used when hunting with bows

Their scales are similar, but there are slight differences

For guns, things related to carrying gunpowder and such is needed,

and since they shoot from a longer distance than bows,

tools for long distance shooting

and covers are prepared

Since bows are used for short-distance shooting, gears needed

for that are stored separately

So from these references, we can get an idea on

If

what tools this fantasy hunter

would need when catching certain animals

and make realistic guesses to

apply those design elements to the design

I also searched for what types of weapons

were used in the Joseon Dynasty

For instance, if they used guns with gunpowder,

I looked for types of weapons they would have used

To my knowledge, they used some medieval-style tools

That is, they simply cut some wood and added iron pieces,

these cylinder shaped pieces,

and thrusted gunpowder in them to shoot spears,

Vulcan-like bullets made of wood,

or iron balls and such

according to the Internet reference

So looking at the principles and knowing how these exploded,

how ammunition was put in, and the amount of ammunition needed

can be extremely helpful in

setting the design for this character

So, we studied the principals

of these weapons, how these cannons were fired, and Chongtong guns

were used in the past, and how far the Chongtongs went

if they were to be fired

When making fantasy characters,

applying these realistic principles

will make these characters more realistic and credible

Looking at the historical references in terms of design,

one of the designs that catch my eyes

is this medieval firearm

It is shot like this

Although it is a little clumpy, it seems to fit this character

It looks clumpy, but its long range

and its blunt sides

fits the impression of this character

These minor details seem to be too delicate,

while I imagine that this character would have used

more simple, blunt, and heavy weapons

This is the design of the Korean Chongtong,

as you can see here, and these are old medieval firearms

that has a blunt shape

And this is called the General’s Chongtong

It is said to have been a cannon used for drilling holes on

ships or destroying them and has a variety of lengths

I think using this Chongpo may be more efficient than using

the ball Chongpo

when hunting,

loading these and shooting

Since they are made of wood,

and because iron balls are heavy, it seems that

carrying these wooden ones may be easier

than carrying metal ones in sacks,

so I will apply this design here

And because the weight of this Chongtong,

although it could be fired in a standing position like this,

I think it would be better to fire it in a more stable, crawled position,

and this cannon stand design also catches my eyes

If you look here,

this is a larger Chongtong,

but it also looks a bit like a cannon gun that Japanese samurais used to use

So adjusting the size a bit,

I will draw the Chongtong in a size corresponding to this one

By drawing the silhouette, I have added some reference

on the size and thickness to this character

And then, choosing the tool that I usually use

When doing a mechanic sketch, I use the pencil tool a lot

I choose the pencil tool

so that it is easier for me to draw lines like this

If you refer to the demo that I gave in the last lecture,

you will be able to consult how I use the pencil tool

Now we will start adding in some details in earnest

Since the silhouette is too rough,

first I will try to make

this silhouette neater

I will use a new layer with a slight tone applied to it

After applying some tone,

I am going to brighten it more to make it easier for me to draw

I filled in the toned area

and erased the shape

However, I did not block it completely

so that the outline below can be seen

When thinking about the mechanical aspects,

we need to consider how to

draw a big box so that its shape

can form

a perspective guide and

serve as a reference like this

I personally do not draw this often

but drawing it can serve as a guide to some extent

So like this

There is no need to draw a vanishing point

and draw like this

In eye measurement,

assume where the vanishing point should be

and draw the guide

It will help you when drawing

I will also lower the opacity of this one

and draw on top of it

Let’s look at the design

Now that I look at it, I think this box is more accurate

Locating the box here seems to be more accurate

Roughly

There are some people who uses 3D to draw

the weapon several times on SketchUp or AutoCam used in

architecture and make the model into geometry like this

Then some people draw lines on it to make the model

Whatever method you choose,

if you want to express the weapons or props that you would like to make in an accurate

and realistic way, it can be applied to any type of props

And now,

there is the nose,

like this

Assuming this is the muzzle, the finishing should be blunt

to about this extent, and the muzzle should be around this big The wood,

the muzzle seems to be slightly blocked

Blocking it like this,

I am guessing that it should drop

more bluntly like this here

There is a slight angle here,

sticking out a little

As it would be too heavy if this whole part is a gun muzzle,

so like this design, let’s keep the muzzle at the front It should still be extremely heavy

If this is a lump of metal, when casting it,

components like various lead components would have been added

If so, the weight would turn out to be tremendously heavy

I am still drawing on like this

Drawing can be done with a normal brush,

but the problem is that

if you use a normal brush,

a lot of messy lines would be created

and make it hard to distinguish lines later

So in order to prevent that,

pencil lines,

I use pencil lines that fill the pixels completely

I will continue to erase the lines here

and go with a design where the front portion is blunter and bigger while

the back portion gradually becomes thinner

It is going to bend once more here

I am going to

fill this area again to make an indication

How about giving this part a bit of a curve

This is also a very good example

This one is smaller

I am guessing it should be bigger to catch large animals at once

I will continue to add to this design area

Giving it a blunt,

rough impression as it was carved with hands

could make this design more interesting

This part here seems to be too thick

Its thickness should be around the size where one can grab ahold of it with one hand

So, let’s make this part a little thinner

since it needs to be used by a person

We do not need to consider all this for a very fantastical character,

but to make a more realistic character, following the various physical

conditions and rules while designing

will lead to creating a more realistic character

Making it thinner

To keep this angle, let’s make the guideline clearer

and draw a guideline here

to correspond to that part

Drawing a little more,

like this

I am assuming that this iron part here will

serve as a design point

The heavy, blunt impression that it was pruned and

hammered to be fixed seems to fit in nicely

Let’s apply this design here

I will also add an indication of the thickness

Here too,

the iron plate would peer out a little,

as if two iron plates are put together

It

seems very heavy at first sight

Like this,

we have indicated that the iron plate will be placed as such

Also sharpening this wooden part to make it blunt,

I will make it clearer again with

the picker tool and then fill it in

I do not use these erasers much

I do use it a lot when drawing the initial sketch

When doing these delicate tasks,

it is better to make the lines cleaner by using Fill than erasing it

when making the structure of the sketch clear

I am looking at this part right now,

this part of the reference

to see how it is sealed

If this part is not sealed well,

this part may break from the pressure when the gun is fired

If so, the person holding the gun could get hurt

So, I think we should make this part blunter

Or we could also add some iron to this part

As it looks a bit week right now,

we could add some iron here

to act as a safety, an insurance

Drawing a sketch that allows viewers to notice,

for example, why this part is lower and why this design

was added is ideal

Drawing an image

as realistic as possible and as likely to be made by someone

is important

Something I drew may not seem like what it is to others

This may be due to lack of application of references,

or insufficient understanding of

principals of firing cannons

or other machinery

The process of doing a little research

and applying them to the image is very important

I am going to add some studs around this area

The weapon may seem more solid with the studs,

like this

And thenFor this part,

as we have applied black-and-white before, let’s copy and paste it and

adjust the hue

to make it a little more three-dimensional

Just one level, I have applied one level of depth to it

We will also add more depth to this cannon,

and then adjust the hue

A little more

Since the material used for this cannon is iron,

it should seem brighter

than this wooden plate

It should look brighter

And here, since

this part is wood, boldly make it darker

Then slightly erase this part like this,

and merge them

Next, I will use a selector tool or an eraser

to erase unnecessary parts

Neatly

erasing them

Now, I will change it to

the brush tool again

to work more on

the finishing touch

Now, since this part is iron,

I am guessing that it would have been made with cast iron, which is

darker

Let’s add the impression that

it was

created by casting

By using the selector tool like this,

work could be done faster

than

using the brush to paint directly

As the texture is not expressed at all right now,

we still cannot tell if this is wood or iron

So,

this work should

be done with more care

And so, now I will try to

express these remaining parts

a little more

I am going to indicate the thuds here,

and also indicate these here

I also expressed the rough surface

of the iron

Let’s look at this reference

This is also a drawing,

with detailed and delicate touches

Now I will try to

vivify the texture of this wood

as much as possible

Since it is black-and-white and not colored,

it should be okay to give

maximum

indication

As the butt plate became smaller,

I will work on

filling in

this area to some degree

in a different design

like this

Indicate the shadows

A little more,

like this,

I will try to set this

Now add a little more highlight again,

and use the hand brush to

smooth this out

I am thinking about adding an indication about

the trigger here

Without the trigger, would this hunter

If you see here, there is no trigger

It was just pushed firmly like this,

in this method

I think the handle is unnecessary

Now here, I will add more detail about the iron

and increase the highlight once more

to give a more iron-like impression

Then

Let’s try drawing it in a loaded state,

giving an impression that

the hunter is always prepared with the gun

in a loaded state

Add a hole here

I do not think a hole is necessary

When the gun is loaded,

it would look like this

For this,

use the pencil

If it sticks out, it should be

about this long

Maybe a smaller one

should be used

Using a smaller one

would also

have killing power of some degree in my opinion

And also,

considering convenience,

smaller ones would be

easier to carry around

Let’s leave it at this

About the wings that allow these to

go further, I am still debating on

whether to add them or not

because the silhouette might end up

looking like a missile

This is indeed a Korean-style missile,

but it still might be a little confusing

silhouette wise

So, if we are to add them,

by applying textures and colors of wood,

it would be necessary to give the

wooden texture in great detail

Or we could try to make these wings look

more rough, these wings

This is the kind of issue that you may encounter while designing

How can I resolve this problem

In what way can

the historical impression be ascertained

in this drawing

Let’s go with reducing the size a little

I will reduce the size

to make it not stand out as possible

and add the texture to it to prevent it from standing out

Also, this tip area should also

be vaguely put like this

I will change the drawing tool to a brush again and continue

adding detail

Here too,

let’s add some highlight to it

It still seems to be too modernistic right now,

a missile like impression

How about we tie a rope

around here

like this,

Something like a string

Tying a rope around here

to give an impression that

it was made by hand

could make it better

And I will also make this sharper,

like it was made from sharpening

wood

Let’s also add the wooden texture here

as much as possible

The line is not drawn neatly, so I will

smoothen it out

And for this area,

let’s make it a little darker

To make the back of this gun stand out more,

I will also create some shadow

A problem occurred because of this piece of iron

because the impression of a Chongtong

was diluted a lot

So, when modifying the design later on,

we would need to

consider ways

of vivifying this ring like expression

A little more,

that this Korean weapon has

Another way that I am thinking of right now

is to make the iron piece smaller

so that the texture of this gun

is shown a little more

Looking at it like this,

the silhouette seems to blend in well

with the blunt impression

that can expose the characteristic of this character,

somewhat blunt and

slightly ignorant and simple

Then

I believe that

people who often use guns

likes to reform

So, I think that

this hunter would have also,

for convenience, had a

bandage-like cloth that could be

wrapped around his hands

tied

to this part of the weapon

These could also serve as

good design elements

If things

that shows the flow of time,

such as the aged appearance

of a muzzle

is expressed more, it can give an impression that

a realistic character has

actually used these on

a daily basis

Giving such impression through adding indication

on various machinery or clothing

would be nice

There is not so much to create a sense of reality

It should be based on things like historical researches

And also,

if the character has handled

equipment or machinery like this

and its components a lot,

just as the things that we use a lot

on a daily basis become

worn out

or given some change

and reformed

for convenience,

adding such details here

would be nice

So I am guessing that he would have

wrapped this part with bandage

since his shoulders and this area hurt

As for its color, Imagine that

he used various clothing and

wrapped them around like this

That is why I have given some

variegation to the color to give

an impression of several types of clothing combined together

All areas that

contacts the skin

should have been given modification

by the character

So, I will give some contrast in brightness here

Give some contrast

arbitrarily

like this

On the

clothes,

give some

highlight

And I believe this part should be brighter

since the shadow from the face is cast this way

Selecting this much,

let’s make this back part a bit more

brighter

and make this area here

a bit darker

This area

is a part that receives the most lighting, so

I will increase the brightness

I will also add some detail of

pieces of the rope sticking out complicatedly

Let’s merge the layers first

The highlight here seems too intense

And here,

we should

brighten it a bit

The shoulder area seems to be

interfering with the silhouette,

so I will try to erase

this silhouette a little more

I have erased it

so that the silhouette can slightly come in sight

Now here

What should I call this instead of ammunition

A shell

Let’s assume this is a shell

I assume

he would carry around

two or three,

or maybe four of these wooden shells

If so,

where is he going to

put them into

We would have to think more about this

If this is another type of

gunpowder,

and if this is

to be put into a cylinder, a long

stick would also be needed

I think the gear needed to

thrust this in

should also be indicated as a silhouette

around this area

We would have to look at a reference

to know its accurate shape,

but for now, we will

go with indicating the shape

here like this

Put it as a silhouette for now

Now on the game, if

you are to design this game character,

this section, this area around the foot

would move a lot

animation wise

So, when rigging this part

Rigging is something where,

if we are to make this into geometry for example,

by using a polygon to add a three dimensional effect,

we apply the structure called rigging here

and start animating this character through it

So if numerous rigging is put

around the feet where there is much animation,

these objects,

that is, the things hanging down like this

may get in the way

of the animation

For instance, it may suddenly go into the foot area

and result in creating

an unnatural animation

So to run a simulation on objects

like this bag here, we apply the rig,

applying the structure

However, this process

may cost a lot, that is,

it may become expensive

Since more

polygons and

rigging system needs to be

applied here,

the megabit size of this character

would increase a lot

Within the game, this may

cause the frame to drop

So when adding these objects,

well, since we are still at a concept stage

we can freely add anything for now,

but you always need to

keep in mind that these objects

may become a problem later on

That is why for this type of design

and problem, we need have in

mind how

we are going to solve it

If this will not work out

and this design is of little use,

we can erase the whole thing

If this functional element is needed,

then we can

apply it behind the back

or place it higher

in a

diagonal line

Such flow of design will not ruin the whole design

If we are to place this

design here,

I would not apply it like this

If done so, the flow

becomes strange

So if there is a

large shape here,

in this way,

I would follow this flow

to apply the design If something is to be put on the back like this,

in this way,

apply it in this way

If something else is needed,

we can draw on like this, according to the flow

in this way,

For now,

I will place it below this leg

For these bullets,

they could be

carried in the back like this,

or,

although animators may not like the idea,

we could add them on this bag,

as if they are attached to the bag like this

since rigging will be done for this bag too

Like this

here, in this way

connecting these ammunition,

bullets, wooden shells

here

together with a rope

so that it is easier to take them out and use them

also

seems to be a good way of organizing the shells

We can try to add indications

Like this,

drawing as if they are weaved together with a rope

I think connecting them here like this would be okay

It seems to be extremely heavy

if I look at it this way

I will make it a bit brighter

because it seems to dark,

and allow

the design to stand out more

And I am thinking of adding small knives here

on the chest for ease of use,

knives for easily cutting out

tendons, muscles, or intestines

here like this

There is a slightly curved knife

And

if you see hunting knives for cutting tendons,

they look unique

Here, there is a dent

that goes in like this

It is a very unique knife

I wonder if people at the time would have used this,

but they

look like this

This dent here

was used to hang the tendons like this

and cut them

Looking at it here,

a handy knife,

this could also serve as a knife for self defense

in my opinion

Let’s tie the knife like this

and indicate it

It also looks like it was made of bone

I am debating whether to put this in a sheath

or not

I have added an indication like this for now

So for now, tying it with a rope

to wear it on the body,

and adding some leather at the tip

so that it does not stab the stomach

like this,

seems to be satisfying

Add some shadows like this

Now we have designed the props that can

enrich the character composition

For the realistic production of props,

collecting references that can help us understand

elements such as principles,

materials, weight, and fitting of the props

as much as possible

could help us

create a character

that is realistic and credible

In the next lecture, we will cover one of the most important

character development process of the pre-production stage,

the production process of key arts

I will finish off the lecture on props here

Thank you