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[uneasy music]
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♪
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- Get out of the middle of the street.
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- Sir?
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- I am aware of the intense interest
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concerning developments over the last few days.
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This has, of course, not been a diff--
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Has been a difficult time.
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Tonight at 9:00 Eastern Daylight time,
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the President of the United States
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will address the nation on radio and television
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from his Oval Office.
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[overlapping questions]
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[low murmuring]
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- People have begun to just sort of gather
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outside the White House, just stand near the gate thee
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on Pennsylvania Avenue and across the street here.
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- This applause you hear-- what has happened
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is that a moving van
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has just pulled up, over at the White House.
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[edgy music]
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- But the hard fact is that no one really knows
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what's going on in the president's mind.
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One thing is certain: it's difficult for everyone
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to live with this tension much longer.
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[indistinct chatter]
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- Is that really not getting anywhere that you can see?
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I don't think it is. I gotta [indistinct], but it might.
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- Okay, sir.
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- Hey, you're better-looking than I am.
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Why don't you stay here? Ha.
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[chuckling]
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[clears throat]
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Let me see the--did you get these lights properly...
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- Yes, sir. - My eyes always have--
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You'll find as you get past 60--
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That's enough.
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Thanks.
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My friend Ollie always wants to take a lot of pictures.
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[chuckling]
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I'm afraid he'll catch me picking my nose.
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[laughs]
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Well, you want a level, don't you?
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Yes, yes. Good evening.
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This is the 37th time
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I have spoken to you from this office.
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Need any more?
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Each time, I have done so to discuss with you some matter
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that I believe affected the national interest.
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- That's fine.
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- Okay.
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[somber music]
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♪
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- We are standing by now
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for President Richard Millhouse Nixon,
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37th President of the United States.
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- The explanation of this man and what has happened to him
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I think maybe we won't all fully understand.
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- Get out!
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- You never knew really who he was.
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- Good evening.
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This is the 37th time
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I have spoken to you from this office.
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- It's as though he has needed enemies,
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from the beginning, not only for political reasons,
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but to give him his own identity.
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[solemn music]
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♪
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[questing notes]
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♪
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[dramatic flourish]
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♪
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[wind howling]
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[light music]
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♪
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- Now, my mother was a Quaker,
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and my father was a Methodist.
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But when they married, they compromised.
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They both became Quakers, of course.
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We were poor. We had very little.
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We all used hand-me-down clothes.
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I wore my brother's shoes,
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and my brother below me wore mine.
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When I was ten years of age,
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we had the store and service station.
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It was mostly study and work. Not much play.
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- They knew that when their father told them
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to do something, there wasn't any question about it.
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When he spoke, he meant exactly what he said.
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- We'll put it this way. He didn't believe
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in any of the modern methods of raising children.
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He said, "You spare the rod, you spoil the child."
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It was a happy home.
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A happy home--let me describe it another way.
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Sometimes, I think we judge happiness, in these days,
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as being a life in which there are no problems.
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That isn't my estimate of happiness.
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In our family, we had many great problems.
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We had many great crises.
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When I was in high school,
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my youngest brother Arthur died
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of tubercular meningitis very suddenly.
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Within a week he was dead.
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And then my oldest brother Harold had tuberculosis...
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and my mother, for three years,
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stayed with him in Arizona.
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It was a rather difficult time, actually,
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from the standpoint of the family being pulled apart.
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- Me and Dick were real buddies,
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but the tuberculosis got him.
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Harold died.
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I think when you lose an older brother,
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you suddenly have to take on the role of elder son.
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[emotional music]
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♪
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[bright music]
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♪
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- So I always had the drive of my father behind me
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saying, "Now, look. I had to quit when I was
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in the sixth grade, and so you're going to do better."
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♪
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- When we came in as freshmen,
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Dick Nixon was something of an opportunist.
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He wasn't athletic,
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but he went out for the football team.
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This, I feel, was deliberate,
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because the image served him well,
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since this would contribute toward his election
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as Student Body President and as a leader on campus.
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[marching band music]
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♪
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- I worked my way through college
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and through law school.
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In 1940, probably the best thing
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that ever happened to me happened.
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I married Pat. She was a beautiful girl,
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and she was a very remarkable person too.
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Her mother died when she was about nine years of age.
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Her father died when she was 16,
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and still graduated from USC with honors.
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♪
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In 1942, I went into the service.
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I enlisted in the Navy.
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I was convinced that with this aggression
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that was sweeping across the globe,
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that no one could stand aside.
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[crowd cheering]
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- How jubilant was the taste of victory,
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how sweet the rewards of peace.
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[crowd cheering]
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- I received a wire from an old friend.
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The banker in our hometown of Whittier, California
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saying, "We're looking for candidates
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to run for Congress."
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I was off.
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- Richard Nixon, from the very beginning,
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had such a will to win
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that anything he could use in the campaign,
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apparently, was all right.
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[dramatic music]
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[anticipatory music]
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- In the year 1946, young, bright,
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but unknown Dick Nixon was given a chance
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to run for Congress from his home district in California.
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- Jerry Voorhis had been the incumbent for ten years,
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in a relatively conservative district.
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- By a whirlwind of charges and innuendos,
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the anti-Communist Democratic incumbent Jerry Voorhis
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was made to seem a pro-Communist.
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- Of course, that first campaign
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was the most exciting of all.
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There's nothing like winning the first one.
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As far as Mrs. Nixon was concerned,
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she liked adventure.
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She thought that it was very important
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to live an exciting life,
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and frankly, going to Congress would be exciting she thought.
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♪
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[dramatic musical sting]
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♪
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- Representative Nixon, what do you think
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Congress can and Congress must do
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to deal with this problem of foreign espionage
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within our own government?
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- I think the first thing that Congress must do
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is to continue to expose these activities
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through the Committee on Un-American Activities.
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[uneasy music]
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♪
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The facts regarding the sinister Communist conspiracy
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and other subversive activities
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should be brought to the American public.
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- I am not and never have been
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a member of the Communist Party.
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- Mr. Nixon, I urge that your committee members
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abandon such verdict first and testimony later tactics.
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- Hiss was good-looking, suave, sophisticated,
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Ivy League manner.
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He was a very effective witness.
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- At the time, everybody was backing Hiss.
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The committee wanted to drop it completely.
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Everybody was advising Nixon to drop it,
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that it would kill his career.
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- But somehow I had a feeling.
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I said, "There's something about that fellow
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that doesn't ring true."
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[uneasy music]
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It is the intention of the Committee
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on Un-American Activities
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to pursue this investigation until we put the spotlight
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on those high officials in the State Department
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who are responsible for
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selling this country down the river.
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[music intensifying]
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♪
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I am holding in my hand
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a microfilm of the most confidential,
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highly secret State Department documents.
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This microfilm was made for the purpose
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of transmitting these documents,
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in reduced form, to the Soviet Union.
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We knew that we had there
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the hard evidence that we had lacked before,
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and this involved espionage.
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[reporters shouting questions]
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[dramatic music]
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That was what eventually brought Hiss' indictment
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and his conviction of perjury.
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- Alger Hiss, one time high government official,
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will lose all civil rights, after a year in prison.
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- Mr. Nixon got a great deal of political mileage
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out of the conviction of Alger Hiss.
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[uneasy music]
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♪
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Had a great deal to do with his future career.
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- I'm Dick Nixon,
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one of your United States congressmen from California.
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I am now applying for a new job:
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that of United States senator.
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- In 1950, Nixon ran against
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Congresswoman Helen Gahagan Douglas.
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[edgy music]
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It was a very rough campaign
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filled with a certain amount of innuendo.
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He called Helen Douglas a pink lady.
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- Saying if I was against the Committee
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on Un-American Activities I was for Communism.
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Dirty tricks designed to avod a discussion of issue,
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and anything was acceptable, if it guaranteed success.
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- In California, Congressman Richard Nixon wins easily.
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- I know of no person who could have been selected
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for this high position and high honor
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by the Republican Party of the nation.
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- Is there any objection?
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Here declares Richard M. Nixon
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the Republican nominee for vice president by acclamation.
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[crowd cheering]
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[upbeat music]
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♪
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- It's a big day for the little town
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of Whittier, California.
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There she is.
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[laughing] That's Mrs. Nixon.
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He is a very personable young man...
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[crowd cheering]
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And will undoubtedly be a great asset
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to the Republican ticket.
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[indistinct chatter]
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♪
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- The whole Nixon family
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considers it a great privilege
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to work for the election to the presidency
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of General Eisenhower.
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And although Tricia and Julie are a little too young
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for active campaigning,
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Mrs. Nixon will travel with me throughout the country,
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and I think you will find that she's
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one of the best campaigners on record.
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- Well, I certainly will do all I can.
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♪
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- After all, I was only 39 years old,
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and to even be considered for vice president,
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particularly running with General Eisenhower,
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for whom I had enormous respect,
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was to me something that you only dreamed about.
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- A headline in the New York "Post" newspaper said...
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[dramatic musical sting]
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- The revelation that Senator Nixon,
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the Republican vice presidential candidate,
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was receiving what amounted to a private salary,
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an extra salary from private persons in California,
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is becoming a major political story.
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Some Republicans are embarrassed,
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and of course the Democrats are demanding
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that Nixon withdraw from the race.
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- In my judgment, men in government that are dishonest
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should be punished and put out.
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- To demand his resignation s vice presidential candidate.
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- Everybody thought that I could not survive
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on the ticket.
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[dramatic music]
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But you know something about miracles in politics?
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Miracles don't happen.
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They don't happen, unless you make them happen.
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- ♪ Now the clock is striking 9:00 ♪
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♪ But just before we sign off-- ♪
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- Senator Richard Nixon has interrupted
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his nationwide campaign tour
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to be with you tonight for this important message.
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- My fellow Americans,
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I come before you tonight
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as a man whose honesty and integrity
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has been questioned.
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[unsettling music]
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♪
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I want to tell you my side of the case.
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Not 1 cent of the $18,000
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or any other money of that type
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ever went to me for my personal use.
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I am going, at this time,
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to give a complete financial history.
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First of all, I've had my salary
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as a congressman and as a senator.
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I have received a total of $1,600 from estates...
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approximately $1,500 a year
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from nonpolitical speaking engagements...
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we've inherited a little money.
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We've got a house in Washington.
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We have a house in Whittier, California
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which cost $13,000...
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I own a 1950 Oldsmobile car.
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We have no stocks and bonds of any type.
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My wife's sitting over here.
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Pat doesn't have a mink coat,
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but she does have a respectable Republican cloth coat,
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and I always tell her that she'd look good in anything.
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One other thing I probably should tell you,
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because if I don't, they'll probably be
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saying this about me too.
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We did get something--a gift--after the election.
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You know what it was?
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It was a little cocker spaniel dog,
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black and white spotted, and our little girl Tricia,
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the six-year-old, named it Checkers.
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And you know, the kids, like all kids, love the dog,
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and I just want to say this right now;
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that regardless of what they say about it,
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we're gonna keep him.
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And now, finally, I know that you wonder
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whether or not I am going to stay
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on the Republican ticket or resign.
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Let me say this:
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I don't believe that I ought to quit,
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because I'm not a quitter.
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And incidentally, Pat's not a quitter,
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but the decision, my friends, is not mine.
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And I'm going to ask you to help wire
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and write the Republican National Committee
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whether you think I should stay on
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or whether I should get off,
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and whatever their decision is, I will abide by it.
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[anticipatory music]
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♪
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[music intensifies]
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- All those in favor of Nixon
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continuing as a candidate will say aye.
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- Aye!
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[cheering]
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- He is not only completely vindicated.
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I feel that he acted as a man of courage and of honor,
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00:21:39,000 --> 00:21:43,000
and so far as I am concerned, stands higher than ever before.
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00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:48,000
- Once you have fought the battle,
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and once you have won...
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- Last night, at Wheeling, West Virginia--
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- Then you have a let-down.
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00:21:53,000 --> 00:21:55,000
- Eisenhower and Nixon in a high peak of emotion
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that brought Nixon to tears.
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00:21:57,000 --> 00:21:59,000
[crowd cheering]
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That was that, and a short time later,
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00:22:01,000 --> 00:22:04,000
Nixon was back on his chartered airplane with his wife
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00:22:04,000 --> 00:22:05,000
going back to the speaking tour in the West
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00:22:06,000 --> 00:22:07,000
he had interrupted.
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00:22:07,000 --> 00:22:08,000
- ♪ Ike for President
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00:22:08,000 --> 00:22:10,000
♪ Ike for President, You like Ike ♪
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00:22:11,000 --> 00:22:13,000
♪ I like Ike, Everybody likes Ike ♪
386
00:22:13,000 --> 00:22:15,000
♪ For President, Bring out the banners ♪
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00:22:15,000 --> 00:22:17,000
♪ Beat the drums, We'll take Ike to Washington♪
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00:22:17,000 --> 00:22:20,000
- It was a landslide for the Eisenhower/Nixon ticket.
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- ♪ Do that big job right
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♪ Let's get in step with the guy that's hep ♪
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00:22:24,000 --> 00:22:26,000
♪ Get in step with Ike, bring out the banners ♪
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00:22:27,000 --> 00:22:29,000
♪ Beat the drums, we'll take Ike to Washington♪
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00:22:30,000 --> 00:22:32,000
♪ We'll take Ike to Washington ♪
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[somber music]
395
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♪
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- We leave Washington on the midnight October the 5th.
397
00:22:45,000 --> 00:22:48,000
From there, we go down through the Pacific to New Zealand,
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00:22:49,000 --> 00:22:52,000
then over to Australia, up to Indonesia, to Jakarta...
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To Saigon, and then to China.
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00:22:56,000 --> 00:22:58,000
To Hong Kong. Formosa.
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00:22:58,000 --> 00:23:01,000
Korea to Japan. Then down to Manila.
402
00:23:04,000 --> 00:23:07,000
For the sake of millions in the world
403
00:23:07,000 --> 00:23:10,000
who depend upon our leadership,
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00:23:10,000 --> 00:23:11,000
we must never falter.
405
00:23:11,000 --> 00:23:12,000
- Washington, D.C.
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00:23:13,000 --> 00:23:14,000
In a four-week goodwill tour of the Caribbean...
407
00:23:14,000 --> 00:23:16,000
- This is Richard Nixon's 22-day
408
00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:18,000
goodwill mission to eight African...
409
00:23:18,000 --> 00:23:20,000
- Goodwill tour of eight South American nations,
410
00:23:20,000 --> 00:23:21,000
its purpose to-- - The Communists are making
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00:23:21,000 --> 00:23:24,000
an all-out effort to win.
412
00:23:24,000 --> 00:23:26,000
If they do, then the free world,
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00:23:26,000 --> 00:23:29,000
eventually, will be forced to its knees.
414
00:23:29,000 --> 00:23:36,000
♪
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00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:42,000
- For four days, now, some of the 20th Century's
416
00:23:42,000 --> 00:23:44,000
most extraordinary diplomatic maneuvers
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00:23:45,000 --> 00:23:47,000
have been taking place in Moscow.
418
00:23:59,000 --> 00:24:03,000
- Khrushchev is a very, very capable, tough,
419
00:24:03,000 --> 00:24:08,000
unpredictable leader who would test my mettle.
420
00:24:08,000 --> 00:24:10,000
This, Mr. Khrushchev,
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00:24:10,000 --> 00:24:13,000
is one of the most advanced developments
422
00:24:13,000 --> 00:24:17,000
in communication that we have in our country.
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00:24:18,000 --> 00:24:21,000
It is color television, of course.
424
00:24:21,000 --> 00:24:23,000
- [speaking Russian]
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- We wish you success.
426
00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:27,000
You can show us American possibilities,
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00:24:27,000 --> 00:24:29,000
and then we can say...
428
00:24:29,000 --> 00:24:31,000
- [speaking Russian]
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00:24:31,000 --> 00:24:33,000
- Says Mr. K.,
430
00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:35,000
"The Soviets will overtake America
431
00:24:35,000 --> 00:24:37,000
and then wave bye-bye."
432
00:24:37,000 --> 00:24:40,000
[laughter]
433
00:24:40,000 --> 00:24:42,000
- This indicates the possibilities
434
00:24:42,000 --> 00:24:43,000
of increasing communication,
435
00:24:43,000 --> 00:24:45,000
and this increase in communication
436
00:24:45,000 --> 00:24:48,000
will teach us some things,
437
00:24:48,000 --> 00:24:50,000
and it will teach yu some things, to,
438
00:24:50,000 --> 00:24:52,000
because after al, you don't know everythin.
439
00:24:52,000 --> 00:24:54,000
[crowd murmuring, light laughter]
440
00:24:54,000 --> 00:24:56,000
- [speaking Russian]
441
00:24:57,000 --> 00:24:59,000
- If I don't know everything, then I would say
442
00:24:59,000 --> 00:25:02,000
that you know absolutely nothing about Communism.
443
00:25:02,000 --> 00:25:05,000
- All that I can say, from the way you talk
444
00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:06,000
and the way you dominae the conversatio,
445
00:25:06,000 --> 00:25:09,000
you would have made a good lawyer, yourself.
446
00:25:09,000 --> 00:25:11,000
[laughter]
447
00:25:11,000 --> 00:25:13,000
[applause]
448
00:25:13,000 --> 00:25:16,000
- I've seen Khrushchev in action many times.
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00:25:16,000 --> 00:25:18,000
I think that he felt that here, at last,
450
00:25:18,000 --> 00:25:24,000
he met a man of his own mettle and worth arguing with.
451
00:25:25,000 --> 00:25:28,000
- It was common for reporters who followed him to say,
452
00:25:28,000 --> 00:25:29,000
"I hate the guy, but--"
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00:25:29,000 --> 00:25:31,000
and then would come a reluctant statement
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00:25:31,000 --> 00:25:34,000
that Nixon was representing his nation well.
455
00:25:40,000 --> 00:25:42,000
Emerging from the long shadow of Eisenhower,
456
00:25:42,000 --> 00:25:45,000
he became leader of the Republican Party,
457
00:25:46,000 --> 00:25:47,000
and after eight long years,
458
00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:50,000
Nixon's supreme chance came in 1960.
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00:25:50,000 --> 00:25:53,000
♪
460
00:26:13,000 --> 00:26:16,000
[tense music]
461
00:26:16,000 --> 00:26:17,000
- Gentlemen, could we bill this
462
00:26:17,000 --> 00:26:19,000
as your first joint appearance?
463
00:26:19,000 --> 00:26:22,000
The two leading candidates for 1960.
464
00:26:22,000 --> 00:26:24,000
- I will say this: that at the present time,
465
00:26:24,000 --> 00:26:26,000
Senator Kennedy is campaigning very effectively.
466
00:26:27,000 --> 00:26:29,000
- I'm glad to return that compliment.
467
00:26:31,000 --> 00:26:33,000
- Things are starting to pop
468
00:26:33,000 --> 00:26:35,000
in this vital campaign of 1960.
469
00:26:35,000 --> 00:26:36,000
[heavy chords]
470
00:26:44,000 --> 00:26:47,000
[cheers and applause]
471
00:26:47,000 --> 00:26:50,000
- The chair declares that Vice President Richard M. Nixon
472
00:26:50,000 --> 00:26:52,000
has been unanimously nominated
473
00:26:52,000 --> 00:26:54,000
to be the candidate of the Republican Party
474
00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:57,000
for the office of President of the United States.
475
00:26:57,000 --> 00:27:02,000
[cheers and applause]
476
00:27:03,000 --> 00:27:06,000
- He's been downtown in his suite
477
00:27:06,000 --> 00:27:08,000
at the Sheraton Blackstone watching on television,
478
00:27:08,000 --> 00:27:12,000
looking at us looking at him looking at us.
479
00:27:13,000 --> 00:27:16,000
- Could we have a word from Mrs. Nixon, please?
480
00:27:16,000 --> 00:27:19,000
- Well, I still feel it's all a dream.
481
00:27:19,000 --> 00:27:21,000
When I was teaching school 20 years ago
482
00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:26,000
I never knew that this event would happen tonight.
483
00:27:26,000 --> 00:27:28,000
- Mr. Vice President, why do you want to be
484
00:27:28,000 --> 00:27:30,000
President of the United States?
485
00:27:32,000 --> 00:27:35,000
- These lights are a little warm, if you notice.
486
00:27:35,000 --> 00:27:39,000
I think this nation has a destiny.
487
00:27:39,000 --> 00:27:41,000
I think every individual has a destiny.
488
00:27:41,000 --> 00:27:43,000
- Richard Nixon.
489
00:27:45,000 --> 00:27:48,000
- And I am convinced that,
490
00:27:49,000 --> 00:27:51,000
if America does not give the world, the free world,
491
00:27:51,000 --> 00:27:54,000
the leadership that it needs in these times...
492
00:27:54,000 --> 00:27:55,000
- [chanting] We want Nixon!
493
00:27:55,000 --> 00:27:57,000
- That the cause of freedom
494
00:27:57,000 --> 00:27:58,000
will die forever.
495
00:27:58,000 --> 00:28:00,000
- We want Nixon! - If you'll just be quiet,
496
00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:02,000
you're gonna have Dick Nixon.
497
00:28:02,000 --> 00:28:05,000
[cheers and applause]
498
00:28:08,000 --> 00:28:12,000
- With faith in America and in her people,
499
00:28:12,000 --> 00:28:13,000
I accept your nomination
500
00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:16,000
for President of the United States.
501
00:28:16,000 --> 00:28:18,000
[cheers and applause]
502
00:28:18,000 --> 00:28:21,000
[uplifting music]
503
00:28:22,000 --> 00:28:24,000
- It's the centennial convention
504
00:28:24,000 --> 00:28:25,000
of the Republican Party.
505
00:28:25,000 --> 00:28:27,000
100 years since the nomination of Lincoln.
506
00:28:27,000 --> 00:28:31,000
It has come now from Abraham Lincoln to Richard Nixon.
507
00:28:37,000 --> 00:28:40,000
[drum roll]
508
00:28:40,000 --> 00:28:43,000
[jazzy music]
509
00:28:43,000 --> 00:28:46,000
- ♪ Everyone is voting for Jack ♪
510
00:28:46,000 --> 00:28:50,000
♪ 'cause he's got what all the rest lack ♪
511
00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:53,000
♪ Everyone wants to back Jack ♪
512
00:28:53,000 --> 00:28:56,000
- ♪ Jack is on the right track ♪
513
00:28:56,000 --> 00:28:59,000
♪ 'Cause he's got high hopes
514
00:28:59,000 --> 00:29:03,000
♪ He's got high hopes
515
00:29:03,000 --> 00:29:06,000
- When I first met Kennedy, he was a congressman.
516
00:29:09,000 --> 00:29:12,000
He was very intelligent. He was very personable.
517
00:29:12,000 --> 00:29:17,000
However, I sensed that he was very shy, frankly, as I was.
518
00:29:17,000 --> 00:29:21,000
I rather thought that we were alike, in that respect,
519
00:29:21,000 --> 00:29:23,000
but we were very different, in many ways.
520
00:29:23,000 --> 00:29:26,000
[sobering music]
521
00:29:26,000 --> 00:29:30,000
♪
522
00:29:30,000 --> 00:29:32,000
He, of course,
523
00:29:32,000 --> 00:29:35,000
had all the money he needed for personal purposes.
524
00:29:35,000 --> 00:29:37,000
He never had to fight his way up.
525
00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:41,000
He never had to worry about losing in a campaign
526
00:29:41,000 --> 00:29:44,000
for fear that he wouldn't have a job.
527
00:29:44,000 --> 00:29:46,000
- It is time, in short,
528
00:29:46,000 --> 00:29:50,000
for a new generation of leadership.
529
00:29:51,000 --> 00:29:54,000
- He was one that attracted the people who wanted
530
00:29:54,000 --> 00:29:58,000
a young, courageous man in the presidency,
531
00:29:58,000 --> 00:30:02,000
and yet one who was suave, smooth,
532
00:30:02,000 --> 00:30:04,000
debonair, and graceful.
533
00:30:05,000 --> 00:30:08,000
Basically, that's the mark of royalty.
534
00:30:10,000 --> 00:30:14,000
[heavy chords]
535
00:30:14,000 --> 00:30:16,000
- The next President of the United States:
536
00:30:16,000 --> 00:30:18,000
Richard M. Nixon.
537
00:30:18,000 --> 00:30:20,000
[cheers and applause]
538
00:30:20,000 --> 00:30:22,000
- Thank you very much. - ♪ Go on and click
539
00:30:22,000 --> 00:30:25,000
♪ With Dick, the one that none can lick ♪
540
00:30:25,000 --> 00:30:28,000
♪ He's the man to lead the USA ♪
541
00:30:28,000 --> 00:30:30,000
- The reason advanced by people
542
00:30:30,000 --> 00:30:31,000
who intend to vote for Nixon
543
00:30:31,000 --> 00:30:34,000
was that he's had more experience than Kennedy,
544
00:30:34,000 --> 00:30:36,000
particularly in foreign affairs.
545
00:30:36,000 --> 00:30:37,000
- ♪ But he knows how to fight ♪
546
00:30:37,000 --> 00:30:39,000
♪ When he is sure he's right ♪
547
00:30:40,000 --> 00:30:42,000
♪ So let's all click with Dick ♪
548
00:30:42,000 --> 00:30:44,000
- Based on the record crowds,
549
00:30:44,000 --> 00:30:47,000
and they have been record crowds, press please note--
550
00:30:47,000 --> 00:30:50,000
bigger than any that anybody's ever had--
551
00:30:50,000 --> 00:30:52,000
- ♪ He knows how to fight
552
00:30:52,000 --> 00:30:54,000
♪ When he is sure he's right ♪
553
00:30:54,000 --> 00:30:58,000
♪ So let's all click with Dick ♪
554
00:30:58,000 --> 00:31:00,000
- Oh, no. This isn't a test of looks.
555
00:31:01,000 --> 00:31:04,000
It's a test of what you've got upstairs. Thanks.
556
00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:12,000
- Will you take camera two please, Roger?
557
00:31:12,000 --> 00:31:13,000
[whistles]
558
00:31:13,000 --> 00:31:16,000
- What the hell am I seeing? Is that the light?
559
00:31:16,000 --> 00:31:17,000
Bill, what do you want me to do? This?
560
00:31:17,000 --> 00:31:19,000
- Testing. One, two, three. One.
561
00:31:19,000 --> 00:31:21,000
[laughter]
562
00:31:24,000 --> 00:31:25,000
- We have met. - Sure. How are you?
563
00:31:25,000 --> 00:31:27,000
Good to see you again. - Good to see you.
564
00:31:27,000 --> 00:31:29,000
- Mr. Nixon arrived at the studios first.
565
00:31:29,000 --> 00:31:31,000
- I got a little--
566
00:31:31,000 --> 00:31:33,000
[overlapping chatter]
567
00:31:33,000 --> 00:31:34,000
- But they're not gonna show the back.
568
00:31:34,000 --> 00:31:35,000
Am I on this side? - Yes.
569
00:31:35,000 --> 00:31:37,000
If he's agreeable, I think we just both
570
00:31:37,000 --> 00:31:40,000
should stand here. In other words, you say the,
571
00:31:40,000 --> 00:31:42,000
"We'll now have questions, gentlemen."
572
00:31:42,000 --> 00:31:43,000
Then we move over here, right?
573
00:31:43,000 --> 00:31:44,000
- Right. - Good.
574
00:31:46,000 --> 00:31:47,000
- But the master tactician
575
00:31:47,000 --> 00:31:51,000
made one major tactical mistake.
576
00:31:51,000 --> 00:31:54,000
- David, will you hit the one minute button, please?
577
00:31:54,000 --> 00:31:56,000
On the cut, please.
578
00:31:56,000 --> 00:31:57,000
- Did you want it quickly, or how--
579
00:31:57,000 --> 00:31:59,000
- Yes. Well, we figure when you see 30 seconds...
580
00:31:59,000 --> 00:32:00,000
- Then try to make-- all right.
581
00:32:04,000 --> 00:32:08,000
[overlapping chatter]
582
00:32:11,000 --> 00:32:14,000
- Looking right at the camera here. Good, again.
583
00:32:14,000 --> 00:32:15,000
- Shake again, Kennedy, and look--
584
00:32:15,000 --> 00:32:16,000
- Nixon was famous.
585
00:32:16,000 --> 00:32:19,000
He was the world-famous vice president.
586
00:32:19,000 --> 00:32:22,000
Kennedy was a rather unknown senator.
587
00:32:22,000 --> 00:32:24,000
- He was thought to be untested politically,
588
00:32:24,000 --> 00:32:26,000
a bit of a political lightweight.
589
00:32:26,000 --> 00:32:28,000
- One more time. - Thank you.
590
00:32:28,000 --> 00:32:29,000
- Now.
591
00:32:30,000 --> 00:32:32,000
- And Richard Nixon was the great debater.
592
00:32:34,000 --> 00:32:35,000
- Can you hear me now speaking?
593
00:32:35,000 --> 00:32:38,000
Is that about the right tone of voice?
594
00:32:39,000 --> 00:32:41,000
- Looks like a brick wall.
595
00:32:44,000 --> 00:32:47,000
- Good evening, and now, for the first opening statement
596
00:32:47,000 --> 00:32:49,000
by Senator John F. Kennedy.
597
00:32:54,000 --> 00:32:57,000
- We discuss tonight domestic issues,
598
00:32:57,000 --> 00:32:59,000
but I would not want that to be
599
00:32:59,000 --> 00:33:01,000
any implication to be given
600
00:33:01,000 --> 00:33:03,000
that this does not involve directly our struggle
601
00:33:03,000 --> 00:33:06,000
with Mr. Khrushchev for survival.
602
00:33:06,000 --> 00:33:09,000
Therefore, I think the question before the American people is:
603
00:33:09,000 --> 00:33:11,000
are we doing as much as we can do?
604
00:33:13,000 --> 00:33:15,000
I should make it very clear that I do not think
605
00:33:15,000 --> 00:33:17,000
we're doing enough, that I am not satisfied,
606
00:33:17,000 --> 00:33:19,000
as an American, with the progress
607
00:33:19,000 --> 00:33:21,000
that we're making. This is a great country--
608
00:33:21,000 --> 00:33:24,000
- Kennedy was standing up there very comfortably...
609
00:33:24,000 --> 00:33:26,000
- Now, if the United States fails--
610
00:33:26,000 --> 00:33:29,000
- And I expected the tiger to come out of his corner
611
00:33:29,000 --> 00:33:31,000
and rip apart this young challenger.
612
00:33:31,000 --> 00:33:34,000
- I think it's time America started moving again.
613
00:33:36,000 --> 00:33:39,000
- The things that Senator Kennedy has said
614
00:33:39,000 --> 00:33:41,000
many of us can agree with.
615
00:33:41,000 --> 00:33:46,000
There is no question but that this nation cannot stand still,
616
00:33:46,000 --> 00:33:49,000
and I subscribe completely to the spirit
617
00:33:49,000 --> 00:33:52,000
that Senator Kennedy has expressed tonight.
618
00:33:53,000 --> 00:33:56,000
Our disagreement is not about the goals for America
619
00:33:56,000 --> 00:33:59,000
but only about the means to reach those goals.
620
00:34:00,000 --> 00:34:02,000
- Within the first two minutes, I was convinced
621
00:34:02,000 --> 00:34:05,000
that Nixon simply was not going to fight back.
622
00:34:05,000 --> 00:34:08,000
- He went in with the idea he had to come through
623
00:34:09,000 --> 00:34:12,000
as the nice guy, not the tough guy.
624
00:34:12,000 --> 00:34:14,000
- He was trying to be too polite.
625
00:34:14,000 --> 00:34:17,000
He was afraid of the Tricky Dick thing.
626
00:34:17,000 --> 00:34:19,000
- Senator, the Vice President, in his campaign,
627
00:34:19,000 --> 00:34:22,000
has said that you are naive and at times immature.
628
00:34:22,000 --> 00:34:24,000
He has raised the question of leadership.
629
00:34:24,000 --> 00:34:26,000
On this issue, why do you think people should vote for you,
630
00:34:26,000 --> 00:34:28,000
rather than the Vice President?
631
00:34:28,000 --> 00:34:30,000
- The Vice President and I came to the Congress together.
632
00:34:30,000 --> 00:34:32,000
I've been there now for 14 years,
633
00:34:32,000 --> 00:34:35,000
the same period of time that he has...
634
00:34:35,000 --> 00:34:39,000
so that our experience in government is comparable.
635
00:34:40,000 --> 00:34:42,000
- I can only say that my experience
636
00:34:42,000 --> 00:34:44,000
it there for the people to consider.
637
00:34:44,000 --> 00:34:46,000
Senator Kennedy's is there for the people to consider.
638
00:34:48,000 --> 00:34:50,000
- Nixon was not up for the game.
639
00:34:50,000 --> 00:34:53,000
- I think one party is ready to move in these programs.
640
00:34:53,000 --> 00:34:55,000
The other party gives them lip service.
641
00:34:55,000 --> 00:34:58,000
- While Senator Kennedy says we are for the status quo,
642
00:34:58,000 --> 00:35:03,000
I do believe that he would agree that my proposals
643
00:35:03,000 --> 00:35:06,000
are just as sincerely held as his.
644
00:35:07,000 --> 00:35:10,000
- He was soft. He was summating punches.
645
00:35:10,000 --> 00:35:13,000
- He had a gray suit on against a gray background,
646
00:35:13,000 --> 00:35:15,000
and he looked sallow.
647
00:35:15,000 --> 00:35:18,000
- A two-term vice president, thoroughly wilted.
648
00:35:18,000 --> 00:35:20,000
- I don't want historians ten years from now to say,
649
00:35:21,000 --> 00:35:22,000
"These were the years when the tide ran out,
650
00:35:22,000 --> 00:35:24,000
for the United States." I want them to say,
651
00:35:24,000 --> 00:35:27,000
"These were the years when the tide came in."
652
00:35:27,000 --> 00:35:29,000
- In one hour, Nixon elevated his opponent
653
00:35:29,000 --> 00:35:31,000
to his own level of fame
654
00:35:31,000 --> 00:35:34,000
that he had worked eight yeas to obtain himself.
655
00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:38,000
- Silly damn thing anyways.
656
00:35:38,000 --> 00:35:39,000
- It is interesting though.
657
00:35:39,000 --> 00:35:42,000
I mean, it's as vivid as the light suit
658
00:35:42,000 --> 00:35:44,000
and how much he stands out, then how much the dark--
659
00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:45,000
- You see the other point is that it was--
660
00:35:46,000 --> 00:35:48,000
If it had been in color, it would have been different.
661
00:35:49,000 --> 00:35:51,000
A light suit in color is fine.
662
00:35:51,000 --> 00:35:53,000
It's in black and white-- - It just fades into the gra.
663
00:35:54,000 --> 00:35:55,000
- In black and white, always wear a dark suit.
664
00:35:55,000 --> 00:35:57,000
That's something I should have [bleep].
665
00:35:57,000 --> 00:35:59,000
Oh, well, hell.
666
00:36:08,000 --> 00:36:11,000
- What's Jack got tht the rest haven't got?
667
00:36:11,000 --> 00:36:12,000
The matinee face.
668
00:36:12,000 --> 00:36:14,000
The bright, white teeth.
669
00:36:14,000 --> 00:36:17,000
- It was rough, because of course,
670
00:36:17,000 --> 00:36:19,000
many in the media are, more frankly,
671
00:36:19,000 --> 00:36:23,000
suckers for style than average people.
672
00:36:24,000 --> 00:36:25,000
- And his lovely wife Jacqueline.
673
00:36:25,000 --> 00:36:28,000
[dramatic sting]
674
00:36:28,000 --> 00:36:30,000
- But the media being, shall we say,
675
00:36:30,000 --> 00:36:32,000
not particularly in my corner--
676
00:36:32,000 --> 00:36:35,000
generally speaking, they're just against me.
677
00:36:35,000 --> 00:36:39,000
- Mr. Vice President, there are some who say,
678
00:36:39,000 --> 00:36:45,000
"I don't know what it is, but I just don't like the man."
679
00:36:45,000 --> 00:36:47,000
- Mr. Nixon, in that first debate,
680
00:36:47,000 --> 00:36:50,000
a great deal was made of your appearance on television.
681
00:36:50,000 --> 00:36:52,000
- Well, I've often said that there wasn't much
682
00:36:52,000 --> 00:36:54,000
that can be done with my face.
683
00:36:57,000 --> 00:37:00,000
Sometimes, it's very importat for a potential leader
684
00:37:00,000 --> 00:37:02,000
to go through the fire.
685
00:37:02,000 --> 00:37:05,000
That's how you learn how to win.
686
00:37:06,000 --> 00:37:08,000
Whatever has happened, up to this point,
687
00:37:08,000 --> 00:37:10,000
you haven't seen anything yet. Now is--
688
00:37:10,000 --> 00:37:12,000
[drowned out by cheering]
689
00:37:13,000 --> 00:37:16,000
- This election is still wide open and could be close,
690
00:37:16,000 --> 00:37:18,000
or it could be a landslide either way.
691
00:37:18,000 --> 00:37:21,000
- I do not believe that we can afford
692
00:37:21,000 --> 00:37:23,000
to use the White House as a training school
693
00:37:23,000 --> 00:37:25,000
to give a man experience
694
00:37:25,000 --> 00:37:27,000
at the expense of the American people.
695
00:37:27,000 --> 00:37:29,000
[crowd cheering]
696
00:37:29,000 --> 00:37:31,000
- 65 million Americans or more
697
00:37:31,000 --> 00:37:36,000
will step into booths and secretly vote their choice.
698
00:37:36,000 --> 00:37:38,000
- I run against a candidate
699
00:37:38,000 --> 00:37:42,000
who reminds me of the symbol of his party:
700
00:37:42,000 --> 00:37:43,000
the circus elephant.
701
00:37:45,000 --> 00:37:47,000
- Whom will the voters choose?
702
00:37:48,000 --> 00:37:50,000
- It's a tremendous decision.
703
00:37:50,000 --> 00:37:53,000
It might well be the most crucial one they'll ever mak.
704
00:37:53,000 --> 00:37:56,000
- The people of the United States realize
705
00:37:56,000 --> 00:37:58,000
that it's a pied piper from Boston,
706
00:37:58,000 --> 00:38:01,000
and they're not gonna go down that road!
707
00:38:01,000 --> 00:38:04,000
[tense escalating music]
708
00:38:07,000 --> 00:38:11,000
[patriotic music]
709
00:38:11,000 --> 00:38:14,000
- Tuesday, November 8th, is Election Day
710
00:38:14,000 --> 00:38:15,000
all over the country.
711
00:38:18,000 --> 00:38:21,000
Everyone has said this would be a close election.
712
00:38:23,000 --> 00:38:26,000
- Across the United States, it's been a very calm day,
713
00:38:26,000 --> 00:38:30,000
despite this record turnout across the entire nation.
714
00:38:34,000 --> 00:38:36,000
- It's been one of the most arduous campaigns
715
00:38:36,000 --> 00:38:38,000
we have ever had, and Vice President Nixon,
716
00:38:38,000 --> 00:38:42,000
when he ended it, was gray with fatigue.
717
00:38:42,000 --> 00:38:44,000
He said he hoped sometime he would write a book
718
00:38:44,000 --> 00:38:46,000
about running for president,
719
00:38:46,000 --> 00:38:48,000
and he said the title of it should be
720
00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:51,000
"The Exquisite Agony."
721
00:38:51,000 --> 00:38:53,000
Now begins the exquisite agony
722
00:38:53,000 --> 00:38:56,000
of waiting to see how it all turned out.
723
00:39:02,000 --> 00:39:03,000
- The very first returns
724
00:39:03,000 --> 00:39:07,000
are now beginning to pour in substantially.
725
00:39:07,000 --> 00:39:09,000
- And it is a very close rac, indeed,
726
00:39:09,000 --> 00:39:13,000
as you see on the board. 415,000 votes for Nixon
727
00:39:13,000 --> 00:39:15,000
with 2% of the nation's precincts counted,
728
00:39:15,000 --> 00:39:17,000
and for Nixon, he's leading in states
729
00:39:17,000 --> 00:39:20,000
that would give him 173 electoral votes.
730
00:39:20,000 --> 00:39:22,000
It is just neck and neck.
731
00:39:22,000 --> 00:39:25,000
Let's see how the IBM 7090
732
00:39:25,000 --> 00:39:27,000
is looking at these returns this early in the evening.
733
00:39:27,000 --> 00:39:30,000
Going over to the IBM data center and Howard K. Smith.
734
00:39:30,000 --> 00:39:32,000
- The first forecast that we can make
735
00:39:32,000 --> 00:39:35,000
is with 1% of the nation's precincts reporting,
736
00:39:35,000 --> 00:39:37,000
the trend indicates that Richard M. Nixon
737
00:39:37,000 --> 00:39:39,000
will be elected tonight.
738
00:39:39,000 --> 00:39:41,000
- Suppose we direct your attention now
739
00:39:41,000 --> 00:39:43,000
to the National Recap Board.
740
00:39:43,000 --> 00:39:45,000
First, to the popular vote, as it now stands.
741
00:39:45,000 --> 00:39:48,000
- Now, Kennedy has moved ahed in the popular vote.
742
00:39:48,000 --> 00:39:49,000
On the electoral board,
743
00:39:49,000 --> 00:39:51,000
Nixon is still holding on to the lead,
744
00:39:51,000 --> 00:39:54,000
but it is so narrow at this point.
745
00:39:54,000 --> 00:39:56,000
- In Maryland, Nixon has jumped into a lead.
746
00:39:56,000 --> 00:39:57,000
- New Hampshire a surprise.
747
00:39:57,000 --> 00:39:59,000
Kennedy ahead with 10% of the votes in.
748
00:39:59,000 --> 00:40:01,000
- Missouri has flopped over into the Nixon column,
749
00:40:01,000 --> 00:40:03,000
and that state was expected to be for Kennedy.
750
00:40:03,000 --> 00:40:04,000
- Not 100% of the vote,
751
00:40:04,000 --> 00:40:06,000
but Kennedy has a slight lead in Texas.
752
00:40:06,000 --> 00:40:07,000
This will be important.
753
00:40:07,000 --> 00:40:09,000
- This turns into a seesaw battle
754
00:40:09,000 --> 00:40:13,000
in quite a few of the states, all night long.
755
00:40:14,000 --> 00:40:16,000
- The vote has now reached roughly 14 million.
756
00:40:16,000 --> 00:40:18,000
- Kennedy in the lead by about a million.
757
00:40:18,000 --> 00:40:20,000
- We have, now, about 60%... - The board now
758
00:40:20,000 --> 00:40:23,000
shows Kennedy ahead.
759
00:40:23,000 --> 00:40:25,000
Very close still.
760
00:40:26,000 --> 00:40:28,000
- Charles, we just heard from Los Angeles,
761
00:40:28,000 --> 00:40:31,000
from Vice President Nixon's election night headquarters,
762
00:40:31,000 --> 00:40:35,000
that his aides say he remains confident of victory.
763
00:40:35,000 --> 00:40:38,000
[cheers and applause]
764
00:40:39,000 --> 00:40:40,000
- I have a philosophy that
765
00:40:40,000 --> 00:40:43,000
this country is a country of destiny.
766
00:40:45,000 --> 00:40:48,000
I happen to believe that through the years our people,
767
00:40:48,000 --> 00:40:52,000
some way, know how to select the man for president
768
00:40:52,000 --> 00:40:54,000
that the times need and that the country needs.
769
00:40:54,000 --> 00:40:57,000
all: We want Nixon! We want Nixon!
770
00:40:57,000 --> 00:40:59,000
We want Nixon!
771
00:40:59,000 --> 00:41:02,000
We want Nixon! - A hundred hands go up
772
00:41:02,000 --> 00:41:04,000
in a peace sign which Nixon himself
773
00:41:04,000 --> 00:41:06,000
has been using during the campaign.
774
00:41:06,000 --> 00:41:09,000
[crowd whooping] all: We want Nixon!
775
00:41:10,000 --> 00:41:14,000
- Our great presidents have really articulated
776
00:41:14,000 --> 00:41:18,000
what people felt at the time,
777
00:41:18,000 --> 00:41:21,000
and it was because they were representative
778
00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:25,000
of the tide of the times that they were president.
779
00:41:27,000 --> 00:41:29,000
- Mr. Pres--Mr. Vice President,
780
00:41:29,000 --> 00:41:31,000
you almost convinced me there, for a moment.
781
00:41:31,000 --> 00:41:34,000
[dramatic music]
782
00:41:35,000 --> 00:41:36,000
[applause]
783
00:41:36,000 --> 00:41:38,000
- John F. Kennedy becomes President-elect
784
00:41:38,000 --> 00:41:41,000
of the United States.
785
00:41:41,000 --> 00:41:43,000
- Just think how much you're going to be missed.
786
00:41:43,000 --> 00:41:45,000
You don't have Nixon to kick around anymore.
787
00:41:45,000 --> 00:41:47,000
♪
788
00:41:47,000 --> 00:41:49,000
We see cities enveloped in smoke and flame.
789
00:41:49,000 --> 00:41:51,000
[overlapping yelling]
790
00:41:51,000 --> 00:41:54,000
We see Americans hating each other,
791
00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:57,000
fighting each other, killing each other at home.
792
00:41:57,000 --> 00:41:59,000
[overlapping shouting]
793
00:41:59,000 --> 00:42:03,000
A long, dark night for America is about to end.
794
00:42:03,000 --> 00:42:05,000
[end chords]
55840
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