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Subtitles downloaded from www.OpenSubtitles.org
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We choose to go to the moon.
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We choose to go to the moon in
this decade, and do the other things...
4
00:00:30,663 --> 00:00:34,121
not because they are easy,
but because they are hard.
5
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- Look at that.
- That's beautiful.
6
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It's got to be one of the most
proud moments of my life...
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I guarantee you.
8
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Before painting the Sistine Chapel...
9
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Michelangelo had to first construct
a massive scaffolding...
10
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to allow him access to the ceiling...
11
00:02:13,499 --> 00:02:16,559
without interfering
with the chapel's daily use.
12
00:02:16,636 --> 00:02:20,003
He had to develop special wax models so
he could study the lighting effects...
13
00:02:20,072 --> 00:02:21,972
to be duplicated in the frescoes...
14
00:02:22,041 --> 00:02:25,602
and come up with a special
slow-drying plaster.
15
00:02:25,678 --> 00:02:29,273
He suffered constant deadline pressure
from frustrated church officials...
16
00:02:29,348 --> 00:02:32,613
and the Pope, who just wanted
the ceiling finished.
17
00:02:32,685 --> 00:02:35,518
The work itself was uncomfortable
and unending...
18
00:02:35,588 --> 00:02:38,022
with wet paint and plaster
dripping in the face of the man...
19
00:02:38,090 --> 00:02:41,457
who was not, after all, a painter,
but a sculptor.
20
00:02:42,628 --> 00:02:47,793
Such challenges arise in all
the great works of human imagination...
21
00:02:47,867 --> 00:02:50,836
be they the creation of our world
rendered upon...
22
00:02:50,903 --> 00:02:52,871
the ceiling of a church...
23
00:02:52,939 --> 00:02:56,170
or the view of our world
evident by making the voyage...
24
00:02:56,242 --> 00:02:58,176
from the Earth to the moon.
25
00:04:30,036 --> 00:04:32,800
For a long time about the only people
who gave much thought...
26
00:04:32,872 --> 00:04:34,999
of going to the moon
were science fiction writers.
27
00:04:40,046 --> 00:04:44,449
In October, 1957, the Soviets launched
Sputnik, and everything changed.
28
00:04:50,356 --> 00:04:52,290
Suddenly, going to the moon
was a possibility.
29
00:04:53,125 --> 00:04:55,218
The question was: How do you do it?
30
00:04:56,562 --> 00:04:58,257
Four months after Sputnik...
31
00:04:58,330 --> 00:05:03,029
Wernher Von Braun briefed the head
of the National Advisory Committee.
32
00:05:03,102 --> 00:05:05,662
He presented the two best options
for going to the moon.
33
00:05:05,738 --> 00:05:07,365
There are two methods.
34
00:05:07,440 --> 00:05:10,807
The first method we call Direct Ascent.
35
00:05:10,876 --> 00:05:14,039
You build an enormous rocket,
put a capsule on top.
36
00:05:14,113 --> 00:05:16,206
Boom, you go straight to the moon.
37
00:05:18,250 --> 00:05:20,684
The other method we call
Earth Orbit Rendezvous.
38
00:05:20,753 --> 00:05:22,721
Instead of using one huge rocket...
39
00:05:22,788 --> 00:05:25,882
we perform several launches
with somewhat smaller rockets...
40
00:05:25,958 --> 00:05:30,554
each carrying a component
of the spacecraft.
41
00:05:30,629 --> 00:05:33,962
We put the pieces together
in orbit...
42
00:05:35,201 --> 00:05:36,566
and off we go.
43
00:05:36,635 --> 00:05:40,571
These two methods-- these are
the only ways of getting to moon?
44
00:05:41,440 --> 00:05:42,372
Yes.
45
00:05:42,441 --> 00:05:44,966
Actually, there were other ideas.
46
00:05:45,044 --> 00:05:48,309
So we started thinking:
"What can we do right now?"
47
00:05:48,380 --> 00:05:49,642
Then it hit us.
48
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The moon!
49
00:05:54,253 --> 00:05:58,485
You rendezvous
on the surface of the moon.
50
00:05:58,557 --> 00:06:00,024
The problem isn't getting
a man to the moon.
51
00:06:00,092 --> 00:06:01,320
- That's easy.
- lt's not easy.
52
00:06:01,393 --> 00:06:02,917
- Relatively easy.
- Pretty easy.
53
00:06:02,995 --> 00:06:05,555
- The problem is getting him back.
- So we say--
54
00:06:05,631 --> 00:06:07,258
You send up some ships to the moon...
55
00:06:07,333 --> 00:06:10,268
with all the extra fuel
and supplies to get back.
56
00:06:10,336 --> 00:06:12,566
That way, when the astronauts arrive...
57
00:06:12,638 --> 00:06:15,971
everything they need to get home
is already there.
58
00:06:17,176 --> 00:06:19,235
We put a man on the moon
as soon as possible.
59
00:06:19,311 --> 00:06:20,778
Just get him there.
60
00:06:20,846 --> 00:06:25,180
- We can keep sending supply ships--
- Until we figure a way to get him back!
61
00:06:26,418 --> 00:06:28,318
Well, that's--
62
00:06:33,959 --> 00:06:36,519
No, I'm sorry, gentlemen.
63
00:06:36,595 --> 00:06:38,825
There is no way on God's green Earth...
64
00:06:38,898 --> 00:06:40,263
we would ever...
65
00:06:40,332 --> 00:06:42,630
ever do anything like that.
66
00:06:42,701 --> 00:06:44,396
I'm sorry.
67
00:06:50,376 --> 00:06:52,344
It looked like either
Earth Orbit Rendezvous...
68
00:06:52,411 --> 00:06:54,709
or Direct Ascent
would be the way to go.
69
00:06:54,780 --> 00:06:56,213
Either way we go...
70
00:06:56,282 --> 00:06:59,445
the spacecraft that lands on the moon
is going to look like that.
71
00:07:00,352 --> 00:07:02,877
Yes, just like that.
72
00:07:05,024 --> 00:07:06,548
It doesn't have
to look like this at all.
73
00:07:06,625 --> 00:07:08,855
At Chance Vought Industries in Texas...
74
00:07:08,928 --> 00:07:12,159
an engineer named Tom Dolan
hit upon an interesting idea.
75
00:07:12,231 --> 00:07:16,167
You ever hear of a Russian rocket guy
named Yuri Kondratyuk?
76
00:07:19,038 --> 00:07:22,337
In 1916 he realized something
we seem to have forgotten today.
77
00:07:22,408 --> 00:07:25,809
Gettin' to the moon
is going to be all about weight.
78
00:07:26,846 --> 00:07:30,680
Look at the size of this thing.
It's gotta be 60-70 feet tall.
79
00:07:30,749 --> 00:07:33,013
A couple of hundred tons at least.
80
00:07:33,085 --> 00:07:35,645
Do you really need to take all that
to the surface? No.
81
00:07:35,721 --> 00:07:37,848
Kondratyuk wondered--
82
00:07:37,923 --> 00:07:39,652
What I wonder is...
83
00:07:41,894 --> 00:07:44,362
what if you took along
a smaller vehicle--
84
00:07:44,430 --> 00:07:45,988
lightweight--
85
00:07:46,065 --> 00:07:49,330
that you just used to land?
86
00:07:50,736 --> 00:07:52,499
Somethin'...
87
00:07:53,739 --> 00:07:56,003
like this.
88
00:07:56,075 --> 00:07:58,339
But you could never reenter
the Earth's atmosphere in that.
89
00:07:58,410 --> 00:08:02,005
I know. You come back
on the spacecraft you took from Earth.
90
00:08:02,081 --> 00:08:06,245
But that means you'd have to have
a rendezvous in lunar orbit.
91
00:08:06,318 --> 00:08:08,047
Exactly.
92
00:08:08,120 --> 00:08:10,816
Von Braun calls his method
Earth Orbit Rendezvous.
93
00:08:10,890 --> 00:08:12,585
I call this Lunar Orbit Rendezvous.
94
00:08:12,658 --> 00:08:15,456
Tom, we don't even know if
rendezvous is possible in Earth orbit.
95
00:08:15,527 --> 00:08:17,119
And you wanna do it around the moon?
96
00:08:17,196 --> 00:08:20,529
Wouldn't that be kind of dangerous?
97
00:08:20,599 --> 00:08:23,067
I don't know.
98
00:08:23,135 --> 00:08:24,898
Would it?
99
00:08:24,970 --> 00:08:29,464
Well, Mr. Dolan, this is certainly
a very interesting idea.
100
00:08:29,541 --> 00:08:31,634
Why don't you let us think about it.
101
00:08:32,778 --> 00:08:34,302
I've prepared a report.
102
00:08:34,380 --> 00:08:37,349
I have everything I need right here.
103
00:08:37,416 --> 00:08:39,350
Thank you for your time.
104
00:08:42,721 --> 00:08:46,122
Chances are, Lunar Orbit Rendezvous
would have ended up...
105
00:08:46,191 --> 00:08:50,059
as nothing more than a footnote
in the history of space exploration...
106
00:08:50,129 --> 00:08:53,223
if a report on the idea hadn't landed
on the desk of a NASA engineer...
107
00:08:53,299 --> 00:08:55,733
by the name of John Houbolt.
108
00:08:55,801 --> 00:08:57,666
When he first started reading
the report...
109
00:08:57,736 --> 00:08:59,795
Houbolt had the same reaction
others did:
110
00:08:59,872 --> 00:09:03,831
Lunar Orbit Rendezvous seemed like
just another farfetched scheme.
111
00:09:03,909 --> 00:09:07,572
But the more he read,
the more the idea made sense.
112
00:09:07,646 --> 00:09:10,274
By the time John Houbolt
finished the report...
113
00:09:10,349 --> 00:09:12,749
he knew this was it.
114
00:09:12,818 --> 00:09:14,945
This was how you get to the moon.
115
00:09:18,924 --> 00:09:22,325
Now, over the past few weeks
I've prepared this report...
116
00:09:22,394 --> 00:09:24,259
on Lunar Orbit Rendezvous.
117
00:09:24,330 --> 00:09:25,922
I think you'll find it interesting.
118
00:09:27,333 --> 00:09:28,800
Look at Houbolt.
119
00:09:28,867 --> 00:09:32,530
He reads the report, and he's Moses,
come down from the mountain.
120
00:09:32,604 --> 00:09:34,595
- So he's a little enthusiastic.
- A little enthusiastic?
121
00:09:34,673 --> 00:09:38,404
He's makin' a fool of himself. You hear
what happened in the Heaton Committee?
122
00:09:38,477 --> 00:09:40,069
- Yeah.
- And he even wasn't allowed...
123
00:09:40,145 --> 00:09:42,136
into the technical conference.
124
00:09:42,214 --> 00:09:44,808
Well, he'll get the hint,
and he'll give it up.
125
00:09:45,918 --> 00:09:48,113
I hear he's going to write to Seamans.
126
00:09:48,187 --> 00:09:50,917
- He doesn't report to Seamans.
- I know.
127
00:09:50,990 --> 00:09:53,356
- He could get canned.
- I know.
128
00:09:56,428 --> 00:09:58,225
Dear Dr. Seamans:
129
00:09:58,297 --> 00:09:59,924
Somewhat as a voice
in the wilderness...
130
00:09:59,999 --> 00:10:02,092
I'd like to pass on
a few thoughts on matters...
131
00:10:02,167 --> 00:10:05,398
that have been of a deep concern to me
over the recent months.
132
00:10:05,471 --> 00:10:07,632
I have tried, on numerous occasions--
133
00:10:07,706 --> 00:10:12,370
"To draw attention throughout NASA to
the concept of Lunar Orbit Rendezvous.
134
00:10:12,444 --> 00:10:15,140
Regrettably there has been
little interest shown.
135
00:10:15,214 --> 00:10:17,910
Now, do we wanna get to the moon
or not?"
136
00:10:17,983 --> 00:10:20,144
Yes, sir. Right away, sir.
137
00:10:20,219 --> 00:10:22,551
It goes on like this
for another eight pages...
138
00:10:22,621 --> 00:10:25,681
Then there's a 40-page report.
Good Lord!
139
00:10:25,758 --> 00:10:28,591
I can make a call.
He won't do it again.
140
00:10:28,660 --> 00:10:31,527
Hold on. I'll tell you what.
Draft a reply.
141
00:10:31,597 --> 00:10:35,863
Say that his idea has merit and that
I'm going to send it along to Brainerd.
142
00:10:35,934 --> 00:10:40,200
And then see if this Mr. Houbolt
isn't due a vacation soon...
143
00:10:40,272 --> 00:10:42,900
because, Dear God, he needs one.
144
00:10:42,975 --> 00:10:45,808
"Somewhat as a voice in the wilderness."
145
00:10:48,714 --> 00:10:50,705
Does it have merit?
146
00:10:50,783 --> 00:10:53,013
Well, actually
it's an intriguing notion.
147
00:10:53,085 --> 00:10:56,851
It's a little risky,
but it could save a lot of weight.
148
00:10:56,922 --> 00:10:58,446
I don't think
there's a chance in hell...
149
00:10:58,524 --> 00:11:00,651
that Lunar Orbit Rendezvous
is the way we're gonna go...
150
00:11:00,726 --> 00:11:02,694
but it is interesting.
151
00:11:02,761 --> 00:11:04,388
I'll see you at 3:00.
152
00:11:05,631 --> 00:11:09,761
In July 1962, the idea that didn't have
a chance in hell of succeeding...
153
00:11:09,835 --> 00:11:11,097
succeeded.
154
00:11:11,170 --> 00:11:15,368
NASA selected Lunar Orbit Rendezvous
as the way to go to the moon.
155
00:11:15,441 --> 00:11:18,376
Now the question became:
"Who would build the lander?"
156
00:11:19,445 --> 00:11:21,140
My name is Tom Kelly.
157
00:11:21,213 --> 00:11:23,704
On the day after election day, 1962...
158
00:11:23,782 --> 00:11:25,750
I waited with the rest
of the Grumman lander team...
159
00:11:25,818 --> 00:11:29,049
for a call from my boss, Joe Gavin.
160
00:11:29,121 --> 00:11:33,251
Whoever's tapping the pencil,
if you value your life, please stop.
161
00:11:33,325 --> 00:11:34,758
Sorry.
162
00:11:40,699 --> 00:11:42,223
Any word?
163
00:11:42,301 --> 00:11:44,599
Yeah, Frank.
We got the contract.
164
00:11:44,670 --> 00:11:48,436
We're all just observing a moment of
silence for the companies that didn't.
165
00:11:56,115 --> 00:11:58,583
Look, this is crazy.
166
00:11:58,650 --> 00:12:01,118
I mean, this might not happen
for an hour or more.
167
00:12:01,186 --> 00:12:04,121
Let's go back to work,
and I'll let you know.
168
00:12:35,954 --> 00:12:37,387
Hi, Joe.
169
00:12:39,525 --> 00:12:41,288
We've been--
170
00:12:41,360 --> 00:12:43,453
I see.
171
00:12:49,234 --> 00:12:50,326
Thanks.
172
00:12:51,303 --> 00:12:52,736
Bye.
173
00:12:59,778 --> 00:13:04,579
I'm afraid you're gonna have to tell
your wives and kids the bad news.
174
00:13:07,352 --> 00:13:10,082
You won't be seeing much of them
for the next couple years...
175
00:13:10,155 --> 00:13:11,747
because we got the contract.
176
00:13:27,005 --> 00:13:28,700
You did it, Tom.
177
00:13:28,774 --> 00:13:31,675
No, I'm trying to hit the flashing.
178
00:13:31,743 --> 00:13:33,973
The contract. You did it.
179
00:13:34,046 --> 00:13:37,504
Oh, well, we did it.
We all did it.
180
00:13:39,751 --> 00:13:41,218
Quite a story, really.
181
00:13:41,286 --> 00:13:44,380
- "Local Long Island boy makes good."
- Yeah, yeah.
182
00:13:44,456 --> 00:13:46,447
"Local Long Island boy
convinces government...
183
00:13:46,525 --> 00:13:49,119
to give local Long Island company
half a billion dollars."
184
00:13:52,831 --> 00:13:55,265
But the rubber balls
you're gonna have to pay for yourself.
185
00:14:00,505 --> 00:14:04,464
You know, if weight wasn't a factor,
we'd have this thing done in a year.
186
00:14:04,543 --> 00:14:07,808
True enough. But weight's gonna be
the most important factor.
187
00:14:11,383 --> 00:14:14,819
If we could find some teeny-tiny
astronauts we'd be done in a month.
188
00:14:16,655 --> 00:14:18,714
They've given us seven years.
We might as well use 'em.
189
00:14:18,790 --> 00:14:20,883
Seven years.
190
00:14:20,959 --> 00:14:23,553
Well, let's get started.
191
00:14:26,765 --> 00:14:30,462
Okay, specs call for five legs.
I think four will be better.
192
00:14:30,535 --> 00:14:32,264
It'll be just as stable,
and we won't have to worry...
193
00:14:32,337 --> 00:14:34,828
about interference
with the thruster quads.
194
00:14:43,148 --> 00:14:45,241
Let's go with
an octagonal descent stage.
195
00:14:45,317 --> 00:14:48,616
A round one's gonna end up being
more trouble than it's worth.
196
00:14:57,929 --> 00:14:59,692
Bob, how much do these windows weigh?
197
00:15:01,166 --> 00:15:03,134
- I don't know. A couple ounces?
- Bob.
198
00:15:03,201 --> 00:15:04,668
- The real ones?
- Yeah.
199
00:15:04,736 --> 00:15:07,261
Five, six hundred pounds at least.
200
00:15:07,339 --> 00:15:09,136
- Really?
- Yeah.
201
00:15:12,044 --> 00:15:13,875
- Do we need 'em?
- Yeah, Tom.
202
00:15:13,945 --> 00:15:17,176
I think the astronauts
might wanna see where they're going.
203
00:15:17,249 --> 00:15:19,444
Do they need windows this big?
204
00:15:22,988 --> 00:15:25,456
No-- Of course they do.
205
00:15:25,524 --> 00:15:27,754
Otherwise they wouldn't be able
to see from their seats.
206
00:15:37,035 --> 00:15:40,129
- What?
- What if they don't need seats?
207
00:15:42,140 --> 00:15:43,664
They have to have seats, John.
208
00:15:43,742 --> 00:15:46,802
Why? They can fly standing up.
209
00:15:46,878 --> 00:15:49,938
- Yes, but they have to land.
- In 1/6 gravity.
210
00:15:50,015 --> 00:15:52,506
And legs are great shock absorbers.
211
00:15:53,985 --> 00:15:56,647
If they were standing,
they'd be a lot closer to the window...
212
00:15:56,722 --> 00:15:58,349
which would increase their
field of view...
213
00:15:58,423 --> 00:16:02,325
which would mean we wouldn't need
such big windows in the first place.
214
00:16:02,394 --> 00:16:06,160
- What do you think?
- Well, I think it's interesting.
215
00:16:06,231 --> 00:16:08,256
But I don't really see it.
Sorry.
216
00:16:10,068 --> 00:16:11,535
Good try.
217
00:16:19,044 --> 00:16:22,275
Let's help him see it.
218
00:16:32,491 --> 00:16:34,015
What the heck is that?
219
00:16:35,127 --> 00:16:37,391
What we did instead of sleep.
220
00:16:49,875 --> 00:16:52,571
Well, John.
I can certainly see it now.
221
00:17:02,821 --> 00:17:05,984
Beautiful. I gotta call Joe Gavin
about the budget.
222
00:17:06,057 --> 00:17:08,116
One more thing: thermal shields.
223
00:17:08,193 --> 00:17:10,684
Costing us way too much weight
in the descent stage.
224
00:17:14,232 --> 00:17:16,826
You know, I don't think we need shields.
225
00:17:16,902 --> 00:17:20,394
Right, Frank. It's gonna be 250 degrees
in the sunlight...
226
00:17:20,472 --> 00:17:22,099
and minus 250 in the shade...
227
00:17:22,174 --> 00:17:24,108
but we don't need thermal shields.
228
00:17:24,176 --> 00:17:25,939
Sarcasm's really helpful, Jim.
229
00:17:26,011 --> 00:17:27,672
I just mean...
230
00:17:27,746 --> 00:17:31,682
maybe we can use something other than
the shielding that's been used before.
231
00:17:39,958 --> 00:17:41,550
It'll look kind of like that.
232
00:17:41,626 --> 00:17:43,594
Mylar film between layers of kapton...
233
00:17:43,662 --> 00:17:46,222
with an outer layer of nickel foil.
234
00:17:46,298 --> 00:17:48,027
How thin is the mylar?
235
00:17:48,099 --> 00:17:50,533
- 1/8,000 of an inch.
- Oh, well.
236
00:17:50,602 --> 00:17:52,695
As long as it's good and sturdy.
237
00:17:52,771 --> 00:17:55,069
We'll use a couple dozen layers
all around.
238
00:17:55,140 --> 00:17:57,233
More where we need it--
by the thrusters.
239
00:17:58,176 --> 00:17:59,609
It'll do the job.
240
00:18:02,314 --> 00:18:04,646
Okay, well, we'll see
how it goes in testing.
241
00:18:04,716 --> 00:18:06,843
Now, hatches.
242
00:18:06,918 --> 00:18:09,443
As it stands,
we have two docking hatches.
243
00:18:09,521 --> 00:18:11,284
We can't afford the weight.
244
00:18:11,356 --> 00:18:13,381
I've been on the phone
with Owen at NASA...
245
00:18:13,458 --> 00:18:15,858
and John Healey at North American,
and we all agree.
246
00:18:15,927 --> 00:18:18,361
We're gonna go with just
the one docking hatch up top...
247
00:18:18,430 --> 00:18:20,796
and use a forward hatch for egress.
248
00:18:20,866 --> 00:18:24,393
That means when they return they'll
have to rendezvous and dock blind.
249
00:18:24,469 --> 00:18:27,302
We're gonna put a window up top
so the pilot can look up as he docks.
250
00:18:27,372 --> 00:18:30,170
Another window?
How much is that gonna weigh?
251
00:18:30,242 --> 00:18:32,802
I don't know. It's gotta be less
than a second docking hatch, right?
252
00:18:34,646 --> 00:18:36,637
That will require the astronaut
flying the LEM...
253
00:18:36,715 --> 00:18:38,979
to make a 90-degree change in axis.
254
00:18:40,118 --> 00:18:43,212
Left roll becomes left yaw.
255
00:18:43,288 --> 00:18:44,949
- But left yaw becomes right roll--
- Arnold.
256
00:18:47,092 --> 00:18:50,493
Astronauts are smart.
They'll figure it out.
257
00:18:57,702 --> 00:18:59,966
Apparently we're not done
with the hatches.
258
00:19:00,038 --> 00:19:02,506
I just got off the phone
with Pete Conrad.
259
00:19:02,574 --> 00:19:06,237
Because of the square backpacks, we're
gonna have to put in a square hatch.
260
00:19:13,718 --> 00:19:17,085
Did you like Ed swingin' around
like Tarzan yesterday?
261
00:19:19,591 --> 00:19:22,219
Yeah. Rope ladder's not gonna fly.
262
00:19:22,294 --> 00:19:25,855
No. I'll call
the configuration control board.
263
00:19:25,931 --> 00:19:27,990
We can put some rungs
right on the forward leg.
264
00:19:32,704 --> 00:19:36,834
Okay, one more thing. lt's no longer
the Lunar Excursion Module any more.
265
00:19:36,908 --> 00:19:41,072
Everybody feels that "excursion" sounds
like it's gonna go out on a school trip.
266
00:19:41,146 --> 00:19:43,740
From now on it's just the Lunar Module.
267
00:19:43,815 --> 00:19:46,010
I'm still gonna call it the LEM
for short.
268
00:19:46,084 --> 00:19:48,018
John, you do whatever makes you happy.
269
00:19:55,160 --> 00:19:56,422
Well?
270
00:19:57,529 --> 00:19:59,463
I guess we'd better
start building them.
271
00:20:11,376 --> 00:20:14,106
Let's make sure we film
everything we do.
272
00:20:15,614 --> 00:20:18,412
You wanna show NASA
where its 500 million is going?
273
00:20:18,483 --> 00:20:22,715
Yeah. I wanna show my kids
where I was while they were growing up.
274
00:20:36,801 --> 00:20:39,235
Every LEM would have to be handmade.
275
00:20:39,304 --> 00:20:42,102
There was no supplier
to order LEM parts from.
276
00:20:42,173 --> 00:20:45,574
And because everything on a LEM
was new, everything had to be tested...
277
00:20:45,644 --> 00:20:47,305
and tested again.
278
00:20:47,379 --> 00:20:50,041
The thrusters...
279
00:20:50,115 --> 00:20:53,448
the engines...
280
00:20:53,518 --> 00:20:55,418
the deployment of the landing gear.
281
00:20:57,022 --> 00:20:58,751
We had to know how a LEM would react...
282
00:20:58,823 --> 00:21:02,224
when exposed to intense sunlight
or when pelted with dust.
283
00:21:04,529 --> 00:21:10,263
We had to know how the landing gear
would perform coming down on a slope.
284
00:21:10,335 --> 00:21:12,599
Thousands of tests day after day...
285
00:21:12,671 --> 00:21:14,298
for years.
286
00:21:18,376 --> 00:21:19,968
Some of the tests went well.
287
00:21:23,214 --> 00:21:25,114
And some did not.
288
00:22:07,358 --> 00:22:08,950
Is this why the leg snapped?
289
00:22:12,464 --> 00:22:15,194
Apparently I made the initial
miscalculation a few months ago.
290
00:22:18,770 --> 00:22:20,704
Everything has been
based on that since then.
291
00:22:25,777 --> 00:22:27,039
I'm sorry.
292
00:22:33,918 --> 00:22:35,852
When did you find this out?
293
00:22:35,920 --> 00:22:37,512
Last night.
294
00:22:37,589 --> 00:22:39,853
After the test I decided
to go over my figures.
295
00:22:44,829 --> 00:22:46,763
I understand if you--
296
00:22:48,600 --> 00:22:49,862
You know.
297
00:22:51,803 --> 00:22:53,202
Go home.
298
00:22:59,244 --> 00:23:01,405
And get some rest.
299
00:23:01,479 --> 00:23:02,912
Look--
300
00:23:04,482 --> 00:23:06,814
Did you come to me right away
when you found out about this...
301
00:23:06,885 --> 00:23:09,080
or did you try to cover your ass?
302
00:23:09,154 --> 00:23:10,678
You did a good thing.
303
00:23:10,755 --> 00:23:13,815
Not this.
This is bad.
304
00:23:15,627 --> 00:23:19,563
But as long as people speak up
about their mistakes, we've got a shot.
305
00:23:22,167 --> 00:23:23,828
They try to sweep it under the rug...
306
00:23:23,902 --> 00:23:26,370
and we're not gonna go to New Jersey,
let alone the moon.
307
00:23:30,041 --> 00:23:31,372
Get some rest.
308
00:23:41,452 --> 00:23:44,478
Truth be told, we were behind schedule
from the beginning.
309
00:23:44,556 --> 00:23:47,719
But mistakes and miscalculations
were only a small part of it.
310
00:23:47,792 --> 00:23:52,092
The real problem is that
a LEM isn't one spacecraft but two.
311
00:23:52,163 --> 00:23:54,961
The lower half of the LEM--
the descent stage--
312
00:23:55,033 --> 00:23:58,935
contains the engine that astronauts
will use to control their landing.
313
00:23:59,003 --> 00:24:02,666
After the moonwalks, the descent stage
will serve as a launch platform...
314
00:24:02,740 --> 00:24:06,267
for the ascent stage--
the cockpit of the LEM--
315
00:24:06,344 --> 00:24:08,141
which the astronauts
will fly into lunar orbit...
316
00:24:08,213 --> 00:24:10,511
for their rendezvous
with the command module.
317
00:24:10,582 --> 00:24:14,018
Now, this particular ascent stage
belonged to LEM 3.
318
00:24:14,085 --> 00:24:17,782
LEM 1 and 2 were designed and built
for unmanned test flights.
319
00:24:18,690 --> 00:24:22,558
LEM 3 would be the first
to be flown in space by astronauts.
320
00:24:24,395 --> 00:24:26,192
We worked hand in hand
with the astronauts...
321
00:24:26,264 --> 00:24:28,425
from the beginning of LEM program.
322
00:24:30,468 --> 00:24:32,959
They showed us
what we were doing right...
323
00:24:34,339 --> 00:24:36,671
and what we were doing wrong.
324
00:24:38,276 --> 00:24:41,006
From early on much of their attention
was given to LEM 3.
325
00:24:41,079 --> 00:24:43,843
But it wasn't until
a day in November, 1966...
326
00:24:44,015 --> 00:24:48,111
that NASA decided which crew
would be the one to actually fly her.
327
00:24:48,586 --> 00:24:50,884
I just got off the phone
with Deke Slayton, gentlemen.
328
00:24:50,955 --> 00:24:54,516
The crew assigned to take
the LEM 3 into space...
329
00:24:54,592 --> 00:24:58,756
on the first manned flight
of a lunar module is as follows:
330
00:24:58,830 --> 00:25:01,196
Commander Jim McDivitt--
331
00:25:01,266 --> 00:25:04,429
a Gemini vet,
one of the best pilots in the program--
332
00:25:04,502 --> 00:25:07,027
command module pilot Dave Scott--
333
00:25:07,105 --> 00:25:08,504
another Gemini vet--
334
00:25:08,573 --> 00:25:11,371
and flying right beside McDivitt
as his L.M.P...
335
00:25:11,442 --> 00:25:13,910
Rusty Schweickart, a rookie.
336
00:25:13,978 --> 00:25:14,910
Now...
337
00:25:14,979 --> 00:25:17,243
any crew is a good crew.
338
00:25:17,315 --> 00:25:18,748
But these guys--
339
00:25:18,816 --> 00:25:21,046
Well, I think we're pretty fortunate...
340
00:25:21,119 --> 00:25:24,179
because, gentlemen,
this won't be an easy mission.
341
00:25:24,255 --> 00:25:27,122
We're off the lake, Jim.
Can we talk business now?
342
00:25:27,191 --> 00:25:29,785
Well, if you insist.
343
00:25:30,862 --> 00:25:33,126
I've been goin' over the mission plan...
344
00:25:33,197 --> 00:25:34,789
and it looks a little rough.
345
00:25:34,866 --> 00:25:38,529
- It is kind of ambitious, Jim.
- Heck, it's not ambitious.
346
00:25:38,603 --> 00:25:40,537
It's impossible.
347
00:25:41,606 --> 00:25:43,904
Look, everyone's focusing
on us flying the LEM.
348
00:25:43,975 --> 00:25:45,909
It's only a small part of it.
349
00:25:45,977 --> 00:25:48,207
Every mission's got a few things
that's never been done before.
350
00:25:48,279 --> 00:25:50,577
This one's got about ten:
351
00:25:50,648 --> 00:25:53,913
first manned launch of a LEM,
first docking extraction of a LEM...
352
00:25:53,985 --> 00:25:56,852
first men in a LEM in space.
353
00:25:56,921 --> 00:25:59,719
And we just go out
and fly the LEM, right?
354
00:25:59,791 --> 00:26:01,952
Wrong.
355
00:26:02,026 --> 00:26:04,961
Before we can even undock the LEM
from the command module...
356
00:26:05,029 --> 00:26:08,931
we gotta make sure we can do an
emergency transfer outside the craft.
357
00:26:09,000 --> 00:26:10,763
Which means, Rusty...
358
00:26:10,835 --> 00:26:15,363
you're gonna have to do an E.V.A. on the
PLSS backpack-- the first use of that.
359
00:26:15,440 --> 00:26:18,273
Dave, we're gonna leave you alone
in the command module.
360
00:26:18,343 --> 00:26:20,743
First time that'll have happened.
361
00:26:20,812 --> 00:26:23,110
Then the real fun begins.
362
00:26:23,181 --> 00:26:25,342
First I pop the thruster,
see if the LEM can fly.
363
00:26:25,416 --> 00:26:30,012
If it can, Rusty and I fire the descent
engine, take her on its maiden voyage.
364
00:26:30,088 --> 00:26:32,283
We go out a hundred miles or so.
365
00:26:32,357 --> 00:26:36,293
God willing, the ascent engine lights--
first firing of that in space.
366
00:26:36,361 --> 00:26:38,022
Then Rusty and I head back to you...
367
00:26:38,096 --> 00:26:40,621
for the first docking of
a two-manned spacecraft.
368
00:26:43,868 --> 00:26:46,393
All right, so it's only nine things
that's never been done before.
369
00:26:49,207 --> 00:26:50,936
Give me a hand with the trailer.
370
00:26:53,544 --> 00:26:56,035
But you guys are right.
It's a lot for one mission.
371
00:26:56,114 --> 00:26:57,775
Maybe too much.
372
00:26:57,849 --> 00:27:01,114
If we get even half of it done
we can call it a success.
373
00:27:02,220 --> 00:27:04,154
I can't wait!
374
00:27:05,890 --> 00:27:08,688
While Scott went to Downey
to work on the command module...
375
00:27:08,760 --> 00:27:12,423
McDivitt and Schweickart
joined us on Long Island.
376
00:27:14,799 --> 00:27:17,131
So gentlemen, you wanna
go take the vehicle for a spin?
377
00:27:17,201 --> 00:27:19,294
- Gee, Dad. Can we?
- Sure.
378
00:27:19,370 --> 00:27:22,271
As long as you don't
bring her back empty.
379
00:27:24,409 --> 00:27:26,536
The hardest part of getting
the first LEMs to fly...
380
00:27:26,611 --> 00:27:30,672
was getting the thousands of systems
and subsystems to work together.
381
00:27:30,748 --> 00:27:33,046
Most of the time it was like having
a ballroom full of dancers...
382
00:27:33,117 --> 00:27:37,520
dancing different steps to music
that wasn't quite right for any of them.
383
00:27:45,163 --> 00:27:47,529
- Bring that T.L. up.
- Roger, T.C.
384
00:27:49,200 --> 00:27:52,397
And T.T.C.A. four jets down.
385
00:27:52,470 --> 00:27:54,529
Copy, T.C.
386
00:27:54,605 --> 00:27:57,005
T.T.C.A. four jets down.
387
00:28:01,779 --> 00:28:03,713
Well, that can't be good.
388
00:28:10,455 --> 00:28:12,423
Now let's cycle that one more time.
389
00:28:12,490 --> 00:28:14,287
Yep. Roger, T.C.
390
00:28:31,409 --> 00:28:35,038
You know, you look more and more
like Steve McQueen in The Great Escape.
391
00:28:35,113 --> 00:28:39,641
Funny you should say that. I got guys
digging a tunnel under the east fence.
392
00:28:39,717 --> 00:28:42,208
Should reach the trees by Sunday.
393
00:28:42,286 --> 00:28:44,186
Ready to start up again.
394
00:28:44,255 --> 00:28:46,416
We think we've got it.
395
00:28:47,492 --> 00:28:49,426
Let's do it.
396
00:29:02,840 --> 00:29:05,468
- T.F.I. telemetry cal off.
- Copy, T.C.
397
00:29:07,011 --> 00:29:09,673
- T.F.I. power off.
- Roger, T.C.
398
00:29:11,282 --> 00:29:13,876
- R&D A off.
- Copy that, T.C.
399
00:29:15,119 --> 00:29:18,282
Oh, God bless it!
Tom, what's up with the radar?
400
00:29:26,564 --> 00:29:28,225
Oh, hi, Lou.
401
00:29:29,300 --> 00:29:30,892
Yeah, I know--
402
00:29:35,573 --> 00:29:38,167
I know what we're up against.
403
00:29:38,242 --> 00:29:40,176
We will make the date.
404
00:29:40,244 --> 00:29:43,236
I need to know if we can make the date.
405
00:29:43,314 --> 00:29:47,114
If we can't, I'm gonna have to take some
cash and move to South America.
406
00:29:57,228 --> 00:29:59,492
Yep.
407
00:29:59,564 --> 00:30:02,055
- Arnie?
- Sure.
408
00:30:02,133 --> 00:30:04,260
- John?
- Yes, sir.
409
00:30:04,335 --> 00:30:06,929
The other John?
410
00:30:11,242 --> 00:30:13,642
Sorry, Tom.
411
00:30:13,711 --> 00:30:15,679
The cockpit's gonna take
another three weeks.
412
00:30:16,747 --> 00:30:19,307
We could use a few weeks ourselves.
413
00:30:19,383 --> 00:30:20,645
Us too.
414
00:30:20,718 --> 00:30:23,687
If we had it,
we could certainly use it.
415
00:30:23,754 --> 00:30:26,154
You know, Tom, I hear Bolivia...
416
00:30:26,224 --> 00:30:28,624
is really nice this time of year.
417
00:30:36,734 --> 00:30:39,498
You know, this is so bad
I can't even joke about it.
418
00:30:48,312 --> 00:30:51,213
Perhaps the main reason we were
behind schedule and over budget...
419
00:30:51,282 --> 00:30:54,342
was because budgets and schedules
are based on previous experience...
420
00:30:54,418 --> 00:30:56,147
with similar projects.
421
00:30:56,220 --> 00:31:00,350
We didn't know how much it'd cost to
build the LEMs or how long it'd take.
422
00:31:00,424 --> 00:31:03,154
All we really knew
was how much time we'd been given...
423
00:31:03,227 --> 00:31:05,252
and that was running out.
424
00:31:05,329 --> 00:31:08,264
LEM 3 was scheduled
to be launched in the fall of 1968.
425
00:31:08,332 --> 00:31:12,769
To make the launch, NASA needed delivery
sometime that spring.
426
00:31:12,837 --> 00:31:14,930
We were working as fast as we could--
24 hours a day...
427
00:31:15,006 --> 00:31:17,702
seven days a week,
and it wasn't enough.
428
00:31:17,775 --> 00:31:20,676
In June, 1968 it was decided...
429
00:31:20,745 --> 00:31:24,875
that we'd ship LEM 3 to NASA as she was
and finish the work at the Cape.
430
00:31:31,422 --> 00:31:33,754
You know, I don't know
what I'm so worked up about.
431
00:31:33,824 --> 00:31:36,258
I mean,
what's the worst that could happen?
432
00:31:36,327 --> 00:31:39,421
Well, we ship the LEM to NASA...
433
00:31:39,497 --> 00:31:41,727
we never get it to fly...
434
00:31:41,799 --> 00:31:43,460
the Russians beat us to the moon...
435
00:31:43,534 --> 00:31:47,561
and within ten years we're all living
under the iron thumb of Communism.
436
00:31:47,638 --> 00:31:50,106
Exactly.
437
00:31:54,945 --> 00:31:59,211
Hey, remember when seven years
seemed like a long time?
438
00:32:01,352 --> 00:32:04,844
Remember when this whole thing
was only gonna cost 500 million?
439
00:32:04,922 --> 00:32:08,255
You know, I can't even remember
when it was gonna cost a billion.
440
00:32:12,463 --> 00:32:14,829
Unfortunately, moving LEM 3
to the Cape...
441
00:32:14,899 --> 00:32:17,800
did little to ease
the pressure we were under.
442
00:32:17,868 --> 00:32:20,359
Tom, there's still at least
a hundred things wrong with it.
443
00:32:20,438 --> 00:32:23,601
- We'll get it fixed in time.
- No, you won't.
444
00:32:23,674 --> 00:32:28,668
There is no way in three months
that thing is gonna be ready to fly.
445
00:32:28,746 --> 00:32:31,010
Look, Jim, it's--
446
00:32:31,082 --> 00:32:33,209
It's a good machine.
447
00:32:33,284 --> 00:32:35,650
Just needs a little fine-tuning.
That's all.
448
00:32:35,720 --> 00:32:38,348
You don't have to whisper.
It can't hear you.
449
00:32:39,523 --> 00:32:42,219
Look, I want it to go up
as much as you do.
450
00:32:42,293 --> 00:32:43,885
I know we're running out of time.
451
00:32:43,961 --> 00:32:45,895
It's 18 months
to the end of the decade...
452
00:32:45,963 --> 00:32:48,488
and we still haven't had a single
manned Apollo flight.
453
00:32:48,566 --> 00:32:50,090
I know that.
454
00:32:50,167 --> 00:32:54,797
But that doesn't change the facts.
LEM 3 is not ready to fly.
455
00:32:54,872 --> 00:32:58,000
And it won't be any time soon.
456
00:32:58,075 --> 00:33:01,636
That's gonna have to be
my recommendation to headquarters.
457
00:33:07,752 --> 00:33:10,550
Now, with the LEM 3
not ready to fly...
458
00:33:10,621 --> 00:33:14,421
after Wally and the 7 crew
go up with the C.S.M. in October...
459
00:33:14,492 --> 00:33:18,019
that means there won't be another
Apollo flight until the spring, right?
460
00:33:18,095 --> 00:33:19,062
Right.
461
00:33:19,130 --> 00:33:21,462
Well, maybe not.
462
00:33:21,532 --> 00:33:24,160
George has come up with
a rather wild idea.
463
00:33:25,436 --> 00:33:27,131
How wild?
464
00:33:28,406 --> 00:33:30,465
Frank's mission is being scrubbed.
465
00:33:31,509 --> 00:33:35,673
We've created a new C-Prime mission
which will precede your mission.
466
00:33:37,047 --> 00:33:38,571
What's the mission?
467
00:33:39,950 --> 00:33:44,717
Well, we're gonna send the command
and service module-- no lunar module--
468
00:33:46,657 --> 00:33:49,490
on a flight around the moon
in December.
469
00:33:53,063 --> 00:33:54,496
Really?
470
00:33:56,467 --> 00:33:57,934
What's Frank think?
471
00:33:59,470 --> 00:34:01,097
I haven't talked to Frank yet.
472
00:34:01,172 --> 00:34:03,663
I'm talking to you first.
473
00:34:05,242 --> 00:34:08,006
I don't want lose
your crew's experience with LEM 3.
474
00:34:08,946 --> 00:34:12,882
That's why we decided to send Frank
on this mission ahead of you.
475
00:34:12,950 --> 00:34:15,578
But I wanted to see
what you had to say about it...
476
00:34:15,653 --> 00:34:17,245
before I told Frank.
477
00:34:20,157 --> 00:34:22,819
I told him we'd stick
with the mission we got.
478
00:34:23,894 --> 00:34:25,327
Good.
479
00:34:26,397 --> 00:34:28,888
Going around the moon
sounds like a blast and all...
480
00:34:28,966 --> 00:34:31,093
but I really wanna fly the LEM.
481
00:34:31,168 --> 00:34:35,070
That's pretty much what Dave said.
I called him in Downey.
482
00:34:35,139 --> 00:34:38,233
He said he really wanted
to fly the command module solo--
483
00:34:38,309 --> 00:34:40,709
get us out of his hair
for a few hours.
484
00:34:44,915 --> 00:34:47,713
I don't know though.
Maybe we're making a mistake.
485
00:34:47,785 --> 00:34:52,085
Maybe we're missing out
on some historical voyage.
486
00:34:54,258 --> 00:34:56,419
I don't know, Jim. Maybe.
487
00:34:56,494 --> 00:34:58,826
But it sounds like
they're just gonna be sightseeing.
488
00:34:58,896 --> 00:35:02,332
With all the things we gotta do,
our mission's fun.
489
00:35:05,769 --> 00:35:07,760
Yeah, we got a great mission.
490
00:35:07,838 --> 00:35:09,829
Providing that thing will fly.
491
00:35:14,411 --> 00:35:18,074
In the fall of 1968
while work continued on LEM 3...
492
00:35:18,148 --> 00:35:20,514
the Apollo program
finally got off the ground.
493
00:35:20,584 --> 00:35:23,178
On October 11, just a few miles...
494
00:35:23,254 --> 00:35:24,949
from where LEM 3
was being fine-tuned...
495
00:35:25,022 --> 00:35:28,082
Apollo 7 was launched.
496
00:35:28,158 --> 00:35:31,184
Two months later, Frank Borman,
Jim Lovell and Bill Anders...
497
00:35:31,262 --> 00:35:33,822
took Apollo 8 on its
historic flight around the moon.
498
00:35:35,566 --> 00:35:39,366
All that time, LEM 3
was being worked on around the clock.
499
00:35:40,437 --> 00:35:44,168
By February 1969, George and the rest
of the Grumman crew...
500
00:35:44,241 --> 00:35:47,267
had tested every circuit
and tightened every bolt.
501
00:35:48,812 --> 00:35:50,746
LEM 3 was ready.
502
00:36:30,554 --> 00:36:33,216
- I like the call sign.
- Spider?
503
00:36:33,290 --> 00:36:34,757
It seemed appropriate.
504
00:36:34,825 --> 00:36:38,317
- How about the command module?
- Gumdrop.
505
00:36:38,395 --> 00:36:41,626
When it came from North American
it was all wrapped in blue plastic.
506
00:36:41,699 --> 00:36:43,826
It's sort of what it looked like.
507
00:36:43,901 --> 00:36:46,597
Maybe you should go up with us,
make sure everything's okay.
508
00:36:47,972 --> 00:36:50,770
I'd love to go up with you.
509
00:36:52,176 --> 00:36:53,905
She's ready.
510
00:36:54,979 --> 00:36:56,913
I know.
511
00:36:58,082 --> 00:37:01,210
- We'd better get back to the sim.
- Yep.
512
00:37:02,786 --> 00:37:05,414
- She's a beautiful machine, Tom.
- Isn't she?
513
00:37:05,489 --> 00:37:08,754
-You really think it's beautiful?
- It looks like a toaster oven with legs.
514
00:37:08,826 --> 00:37:10,794
But I'm not gonna tell him that.
515
00:37:13,998 --> 00:37:15,465
Hold on a minute, Bill.
516
00:37:15,532 --> 00:37:17,397
I gotta get him to the airport.
517
00:37:17,468 --> 00:37:21,666
Look, he spent the last seven years
of his life building that thing.
518
00:37:22,740 --> 00:37:25,140
Let's give him a moment to say good-bye.
519
00:37:26,343 --> 00:37:27,867
It stays up there, remember?
520
00:37:44,528 --> 00:37:46,962
Now as far as LEM 3 was concerned...
521
00:37:47,031 --> 00:37:48,862
that should have been it for me.
522
00:37:48,932 --> 00:37:53,198
I should've been able to sit back in the
SPAN room in Houston & watch the show.
523
00:37:54,772 --> 00:37:56,967
But in the early hours
of launch day...
524
00:37:57,041 --> 00:38:01,444
the pressure in one of LEM 3's fuel
tanks was reading disturbingly high.
525
00:38:11,522 --> 00:38:13,820
It's the helium tank?
526
00:38:13,891 --> 00:38:17,452
Actually, sir,
the super critical helium.
527
00:38:17,528 --> 00:38:20,429
- How's it reading now?
- Still on the edge.
528
00:38:21,498 --> 00:38:23,830
Meaning?
529
00:38:23,901 --> 00:38:27,632
Meaning we'd like to be down the middle
of the tolerance band, but we're not.
530
00:38:27,705 --> 00:38:29,468
Give me the worst case.
531
00:38:31,075 --> 00:38:34,602
When the LEM heads away from the
command module & they're throttling up...
532
00:38:34,678 --> 00:38:37,374
the tank could over-pressurize
and the burst disk could blow.
533
00:38:37,448 --> 00:38:40,212
We would lose the helium
on the descent stage.
534
00:38:40,284 --> 00:38:43,811
Now, they would not be stranded.
They'd still have the ascent engine.
535
00:38:43,887 --> 00:38:46,515
But it would kill the mission.
536
00:38:50,928 --> 00:38:53,522
Tom, I'll need the official
Grumman position on this.
537
00:38:56,767 --> 00:38:58,860
We're still within the limits.
538
00:39:00,037 --> 00:39:01,937
It'll fly.
539
00:39:04,742 --> 00:39:07,006
In the last few minutes before launch...
540
00:39:07,077 --> 00:39:10,945
I managed to put the tank pressure
problem out of my mind for a moment.
541
00:39:11,982 --> 00:39:15,713
I tried to imagine what it was like
in LEM 3 just then.
542
00:39:15,786 --> 00:39:19,620
Astronauts have said that sitting in the
command module during a countdown...
543
00:39:19,690 --> 00:39:22,250
can be almost peaceful.
544
00:39:22,326 --> 00:39:26,353
Must have been even more peaceful
in LEM 3. At least until--
545
00:39:36,507 --> 00:39:38,566
For the next ten minutes
it must have been...
546
00:39:38,642 --> 00:39:41,543
like LEM 3 was stuck
in a paint mixer in a hardware store.
547
00:39:42,546 --> 00:39:47,245
And when it must have seemed
the shaking would never stop, it did.
548
00:40:05,502 --> 00:40:07,470
On the second day of the mission...
549
00:40:07,538 --> 00:40:10,564
Rusty became the first person
to enter a LEM in space.
550
00:41:14,738 --> 00:41:18,640
Later that day, shortly after Rusty
and Jim extended the landing gear...
551
00:41:18,709 --> 00:41:21,303
something happened which brought
the mission to a grinding halt.
552
00:41:21,378 --> 00:41:24,347
Okay, I got gear
out in front of me now.
553
00:41:24,414 --> 00:41:27,941
Okay, landing gear deploy, safe?
554
00:41:29,086 --> 00:41:30,644
Roger, safe.
555
00:41:30,721 --> 00:41:32,621
Sequence camera, off.
556
00:41:33,557 --> 00:41:36,526
G.E.T. is 45-1-1-3-5.
557
00:41:36,593 --> 00:41:38,288
D.F.I. telemetry cal off.
558
00:41:38,362 --> 00:41:41,024
D.F.I power, off.
559
00:41:42,099 --> 00:41:44,294
D.F.I., off.
560
00:41:44,368 --> 00:41:47,360
- R&D A, off.
- D.F.I. power, off.
561
00:41:47,437 --> 00:41:49,667
R&D instrumentation A, off.
562
00:41:55,879 --> 00:41:57,471
R&D instrumentation A, off.
563
00:42:11,595 --> 00:42:12,857
Okay, Deke.
564
00:42:12,930 --> 00:42:16,889
I'm gonna have to recommend
we scrub the E.V.A. tomorrow.
565
00:42:16,967 --> 00:42:19,299
We got you, Jim.
566
00:42:19,369 --> 00:42:23,237
Jim, if Rusty doesn't do the E.V.A.--
567
00:42:25,342 --> 00:42:27,970
I understand the ramifications, Dave.
568
00:42:30,113 --> 00:42:32,581
I just don't think it's safe
for you to do it.
569
00:42:32,649 --> 00:42:34,640
I don't think we can put you
in a pressurized suit...
570
00:42:34,718 --> 00:42:37,846
if it looks like you're gonna throw up.
571
00:42:37,921 --> 00:42:39,513
We'll proceed with
the checklist tomorrow.
572
00:42:39,589 --> 00:42:43,525
We'll check out as many systems
as we can without undocking.
573
00:42:44,594 --> 00:42:47,256
It's just gonna have to be it.
574
00:42:47,331 --> 00:42:50,630
If Rusty were to throw up in a suit,
he'd likely asphyxiate and die...
575
00:42:50,701 --> 00:42:53,966
before Jim could get him
back into the LEM and repressurize.
576
00:42:54,037 --> 00:42:55,971
But if Rusty didn't test the backpack...
577
00:42:56,039 --> 00:42:58,599
the LEM couldn't undock
from the command module.
578
00:42:58,675 --> 00:43:01,838
When Jim cancelled the E.V.A.
we all understood...
579
00:43:01,912 --> 00:43:04,437
but we were devastated.
580
00:43:04,514 --> 00:43:06,243
LEM 3 would not fly.
581
00:43:16,026 --> 00:43:18,324
The next day, as Rusty and Jim
went through their checklist...
582
00:43:18,395 --> 00:43:20,454
the mood around NASA was pretty grim.
583
00:43:28,038 --> 00:43:30,632
The mood lifted a little when one of
Jim's air-to-ground transmissions...
584
00:43:30,707 --> 00:43:33,505
made everyone smile.
585
00:43:33,577 --> 00:43:36,273
- Well, almost everyone.
- Houston, this is Apollo 9.
586
00:43:36,346 --> 00:43:38,246
Go ahead, Apollo 9.
587
00:43:38,315 --> 00:43:42,046
Houston, if some of our friends
from Grumman are listening in...
588
00:43:42,119 --> 00:43:44,952
I suggest on the next LEM they give
an extra go with a vacuum cleaner.
589
00:43:45,022 --> 00:43:47,582
We got a few odds and ends
floating around in here.
590
00:43:48,658 --> 00:43:51,650
Roger, Apollo 9. We'll pass that along.
591
00:43:51,728 --> 00:43:54,788
Oh, well. In a few minutes,
even I would be smiling.
592
00:43:57,367 --> 00:43:59,301
You look like you're feeling better.
593
00:44:01,071 --> 00:44:02,834
I am. I feel good.
594
00:44:04,007 --> 00:44:05,372
How good?
595
00:44:07,044 --> 00:44:08,306
Real good.
596
00:44:09,379 --> 00:44:11,040
Then what do you say you go outside?
597
00:44:13,183 --> 00:44:15,117
I think that's a good idea.
598
00:44:17,521 --> 00:44:20,217
- Yeah, Gumdrop, this is Spider.
- Roger, Spider.
599
00:44:20,290 --> 00:44:24,989
Yeah, Dave. Rusty's feeling
a lot better, and he looks better too.
600
00:44:25,062 --> 00:44:28,190
I thought maybe he should go out
on the porch and get some fresh air.
601
00:44:29,266 --> 00:44:32,360
Hey, man! I like the sound of that.
602
00:44:38,775 --> 00:44:41,767
For 45 minutes
every available camera on Apollo 9...
603
00:44:41,845 --> 00:44:45,372
was put to use filming the first two-man
space walk in history.
604
00:44:47,150 --> 00:44:49,516
While Rusty stood
on LEM 3's porch...
605
00:44:49,586 --> 00:44:51,747
Dave stood in the open hatch
of the command module...
606
00:44:51,822 --> 00:44:54,814
to film Rusty's test of the backpack.
607
00:45:04,568 --> 00:45:07,128
When one of Dave's cameras broke...
608
00:45:07,204 --> 00:45:10,139
he went back inside to fix it.
609
00:45:12,976 --> 00:45:17,709
That gave Rusty something
unheard of on an E.V.A.: free time.
610
00:45:18,715 --> 00:45:24,153
For three minutes there was nothing
for him to do but look at the Earth.
611
00:45:54,184 --> 00:45:55,981
With the backpack tested...
612
00:45:56,052 --> 00:45:59,112
it was time to see
if LEM 3 could fly.
613
00:46:21,711 --> 00:46:23,804
That's a nice-looking machine.
614
00:46:24,948 --> 00:46:28,213
It's not like an F-86,
I'll tell you that.
615
00:46:28,285 --> 00:46:31,413
It's an ungainly beast.
616
00:46:31,488 --> 00:46:33,422
But it really flies.
617
00:46:55,312 --> 00:46:56,574
Houston, Spider.
618
00:46:56,646 --> 00:46:59,171
We are preparing to throttle up
the descent engine.
619
00:46:59,249 --> 00:47:00,944
Roger, Spider.
620
00:47:01,017 --> 00:47:04,817
Then it was time to see if the decision
I had made just before the launch...
621
00:47:04,888 --> 00:47:06,719
was the right one.
622
00:47:12,929 --> 00:47:14,863
The tank'll be fine.
623
00:47:14,931 --> 00:47:16,865
It'll hold.
624
00:47:21,171 --> 00:47:23,105
Throttle to 20 percent.
625
00:47:30,113 --> 00:47:31,546
It's a little rough.
626
00:47:33,149 --> 00:47:37,017
Yeah, wasn't it?
I think we swallowed a little helium.
627
00:47:37,087 --> 00:47:39,521
Yeah, let's try it again.
628
00:47:41,992 --> 00:47:44,756
Throttle to 40 percent.
629
00:47:49,833 --> 00:47:52,393
Houston, Spider.
630
00:47:52,469 --> 00:47:54,869
Everything looks good here.
631
00:47:54,938 --> 00:47:56,872
It was a good burn.
632
00:48:05,615 --> 00:48:07,742
Hey, keep track of us,
will you, Davey?
633
00:48:07,817 --> 00:48:10,251
Roger that. See you in a while.
634
00:48:11,321 --> 00:48:15,758
Jim and Rusty took LEM 3 out
110 miles from the command module.
635
00:48:15,825 --> 00:48:19,454
To get back to Dave they had
to separate from the descent stage...
636
00:48:19,529 --> 00:48:21,463
then fire the ascent engine.
637
00:48:29,272 --> 00:48:31,365
Thirteen feet per second.
638
00:48:31,441 --> 00:48:35,070
Nine feet per second.
I have the interconnects.
639
00:48:35,145 --> 00:48:37,443
Five, four, three...
640
00:48:37,514 --> 00:48:40,608
two, one, we have shutdown.
641
00:48:40,684 --> 00:48:42,777
Roger. We have a good burn.
No residuals.
642
00:48:46,156 --> 00:48:49,057
And there goes half our spacecraft.
643
00:49:11,715 --> 00:49:14,183
A short time later...
644
00:49:14,250 --> 00:49:16,514
LEM 3 redocked
with the command module.
645
00:49:18,555 --> 00:49:19,988
Her mission was over.
646
00:49:21,891 --> 00:49:24,883
That's a song I haven't heard
in a long time.
647
00:49:33,536 --> 00:49:35,629
- You all set, Rusty?
- Yeah, Jim.
648
00:49:35,705 --> 00:49:38,003
All right.
I'll see you up at C.S.M.
649
00:49:39,075 --> 00:49:43,136
I don't suppose they're gonna let
anybody back up they think'll get sick.
650
00:49:46,883 --> 00:49:49,147
I don't know, Rusty.
651
00:49:52,989 --> 00:49:55,184
I'll tell ya...
652
00:49:55,258 --> 00:50:00,195
those few minutes I had outside
while Dave was working on the camera--
653
00:50:03,199 --> 00:50:04,996
That was somethin' special.
654
00:50:08,138 --> 00:50:10,333
I just wanted to say thanks.
655
00:50:10,407 --> 00:50:14,138
The only reason it was even a question
is I didn't want you to kill yourself.
656
00:50:15,712 --> 00:50:17,577
And I'll try not to
for the rest of the mission.
657
00:50:17,647 --> 00:50:20,582
All right. I'll see you inside.
658
00:50:22,452 --> 00:50:23,851
Yep.
659
00:50:46,976 --> 00:50:49,706
LEM 3 would fly one last time...
660
00:50:49,779 --> 00:50:51,713
but this time she would fly alone.
661
00:50:55,518 --> 00:50:58,544
Okay, the tunnel's closed out,
the pyros are armed.
662
00:50:59,622 --> 00:51:01,556
We're all set.
663
00:51:07,430 --> 00:51:09,364
All right.
664
00:51:14,070 --> 00:51:15,503
So long, Spider.
665
00:51:24,814 --> 00:51:26,907
Hope I didn't leave anything in there.
666
00:51:28,351 --> 00:51:32,253
When I first saw the LEM I thought,
"You gotta be kiddin'."
667
00:51:32,322 --> 00:51:34,187
But it kind of grows on you.
668
00:51:36,125 --> 00:51:39,754
It really is a beautiful machine.
669
00:51:39,829 --> 00:51:42,559
Listen to me.
I sound like Tom Kelly.
670
00:51:46,269 --> 00:51:49,466
But you guys are right.
It's a lot for one mission.
671
00:51:49,539 --> 00:51:51,029
Maybe too much.
672
00:51:52,408 --> 00:51:55,571
If we get even half of it done
we can call it a success.
673
00:51:58,781 --> 00:52:00,715
I can't wait!
674
00:52:04,153 --> 00:52:08,590
Apollo 9 had shown that a LEM could fly.
At least in Earth orbit.
675
00:52:09,959 --> 00:52:12,894
Two months later on Apollo 10,
Tom Stafford and Gene Cernan...
676
00:52:12,962 --> 00:52:17,160
took LEM 4 down to within 50,000 feet
of the lunar surface.
677
00:52:17,233 --> 00:52:21,169
Look at that. There's enough boulders
to fill up Galveston Bay!
678
00:52:22,238 --> 00:52:27,175
Houston, we is goin',
and we is down among 'em, Charlie!
679
00:52:28,344 --> 00:52:31,677
Now only one question
about the LEM remains.
680
00:52:31,748 --> 00:52:33,375
The biggest question of all.
681
00:52:33,449 --> 00:52:36,179
And it will be up to the next LEM
to answer it.
682
00:52:40,256 --> 00:52:43,225
When I said good-bye to LEM 3,
I felt like a proud parent...
683
00:52:43,293 --> 00:52:45,784
watching a child go off to college.
684
00:52:48,631 --> 00:52:52,067
As I say good-bye to this LEM, I feel
like a parent of centuries past...
685
00:52:52,135 --> 00:52:55,536
saying farewell as his child embarks
for the New World.
686
00:52:57,106 --> 00:53:00,337
To some people, that might
sound like I'm stretching the point.
687
00:53:00,410 --> 00:53:02,503
A LEM is not a child,
it's a machine...
688
00:53:02,579 --> 00:53:05,047
and a machine doesn't have a soul.
689
00:53:05,114 --> 00:53:07,708
We may yell at our toasters
and name our cars...
690
00:53:07,784 --> 00:53:10,776
but in the end even a LEM
is just a collection of wires...
691
00:53:10,853 --> 00:53:13,754
and circuits and nuts and bolts.
692
00:53:13,823 --> 00:53:17,919
I don't know.
I think each LEM does have a soul.
693
00:53:17,994 --> 00:53:20,554
It's a soul of all the people
who built her...
694
00:53:20,630 --> 00:53:22,257
designed her...
695
00:53:22,332 --> 00:53:24,129
first dreamed of her.
696
00:53:25,368 --> 00:53:28,462
- What number is this one?
- This one is LEM 5.
697
00:53:31,140 --> 00:53:34,735
- Thank you for inviting us here today.
- You're welcome, Mr. Houbolt.
698
00:53:34,811 --> 00:53:37,837
Without you guys there might not be
anybody here today.
699
00:53:37,914 --> 00:53:41,179
- Someone would have thought of it.
- Maybe.
700
00:53:41,250 --> 00:53:44,708
And this is the actual machine
that's gonna land on the moon?
701
00:53:44,787 --> 00:53:46,755
Yep.
702
00:53:46,823 --> 00:53:50,054
- What are they calling this one?
- This one--
703
00:53:50,126 --> 00:53:52,594
This one is the Eagle.
704
00:53:53,000 --> 00:53:56,066
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