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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:13,659 --> 00:00:15,661 (DOSIMETER CRACKLING FAINTLY) 2 00:00:42,355 --> 00:00:45,066 (MAN READING POEM IN UKRAINIAN OVER RADIO) 3 00:01:25,147 --> 00:01:27,900 -(DOOR OPENS) -(FOOTSTEPS APPROACHING) 4 00:01:38,703 --> 00:01:39,870 (TURNS OFF RADIO) 5 00:01:42,373 --> 00:01:44,125 You work too hard. 6 00:01:45,710 --> 00:01:47,253 Where is everyone? 7 00:01:47,378 --> 00:01:48,796 DMITRI: They refused to come in. 8 00:01:50,172 --> 00:01:51,340 Why? 9 00:01:51,632 --> 00:01:53,426 It's Saturday. 10 00:01:55,845 --> 00:01:57,012 Why did you come in? 11 00:01:57,096 --> 00:01:58,180 DMITRI: I work too hard. 12 00:01:58,597 --> 00:01:59,890 It's boiling in here. 13 00:02:04,729 --> 00:02:06,731 (ALARM BLARING) 14 00:02:12,862 --> 00:02:13,863 (ALARM STOPS) 15 00:02:14,780 --> 00:02:17,241 Eight milliroentgen. A leak? 16 00:02:17,324 --> 00:02:18,325 No. 17 00:02:19,785 --> 00:02:22,121 It would've gone off before. It's coming from outside. 18 00:02:22,872 --> 00:02:23,956 The Americans? 19 00:02:44,643 --> 00:02:45,853 (MACHINE HUMMING) 20 00:02:50,858 --> 00:02:52,526 (MACHINE WHIRRING) 21 00:02:55,196 --> 00:02:56,697 (PRINTER CLACKING) 22 00:03:04,705 --> 00:03:05,998 Iodine-131. 23 00:03:07,166 --> 00:03:10,419 (SIGHS) It's not military. It's uranium decay, U-235. 24 00:03:11,170 --> 00:03:12,171 Reactor fuel? 25 00:03:15,299 --> 00:03:18,052 Ignalina. Maybe, uh, 240 kilometers away. 26 00:03:19,220 --> 00:03:20,763 (DIALING) 27 00:03:26,227 --> 00:03:27,394 (LINE RINGS) 28 00:03:27,895 --> 00:03:30,856 Yes, this is Ulana Khomyuk with the Institute of Nuclear... 29 00:03:30,940 --> 00:03:32,191 (MAN SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY OVER PHONE) 30 00:03:32,274 --> 00:03:33,275 Looking for... 31 00:03:38,531 --> 00:03:40,866 -All right, stay calm. -MAN: Don't tell me to stay calm. 32 00:03:40,950 --> 00:03:42,952 (MAN CONTINUES SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY) 33 00:03:44,703 --> 00:03:47,206 They're at four. It's not them. 34 00:03:47,873 --> 00:03:48,874 Who's the next closest? 35 00:03:49,416 --> 00:03:52,002 It's Chernobyl, but that's not possible. They're 400 kilometers away. 36 00:03:52,503 --> 00:03:54,421 That's too far for eight milliroentgen. 37 00:03:54,505 --> 00:03:55,714 They'd have to be split open. 38 00:03:56,507 --> 00:03:57,758 Maybe they know something. 39 00:03:57,842 --> 00:04:00,052 (PICKS UP RECEIVER, DIALING) 40 00:04:03,347 --> 00:04:04,431 (LINE RINGING) 41 00:04:06,225 --> 00:04:08,060 -Iodine. -Could it be a waste dump? 42 00:04:08,811 --> 00:04:09,812 No. 43 00:04:10,104 --> 00:04:11,689 We'd be seeing other isotopes. 44 00:04:12,481 --> 00:04:14,066 Nuclear test? Uh... 45 00:04:14,942 --> 00:04:15,985 New kind of bomb? 46 00:04:16,068 --> 00:04:17,987 We'd have heard. That's what half our people work on here. 47 00:04:20,656 --> 00:04:24,743 Something with the space program like a satellite or... 48 00:04:27,288 --> 00:04:28,455 No one's answering the phone. 49 00:04:35,421 --> 00:04:37,089 (LINE CONTINUES RINGING) 50 00:04:41,343 --> 00:04:43,512 -(SIREN WAILING) -(HURRIED CHATTER) 51 00:04:49,768 --> 00:04:51,186 DR. ZINCHENKO: Get everyone started on an IV. 52 00:04:51,270 --> 00:04:52,271 We don't have enough. 53 00:04:52,354 --> 00:04:54,189 -All the children, then. -But we don't have enough! 54 00:04:54,273 --> 00:04:55,316 As many as you can! 55 00:04:55,941 --> 00:04:58,444 -Where's the old man? -He's set up a burn ward in 16. 56 00:04:59,987 --> 00:05:01,780 (BUSY CHATTER) 57 00:05:13,417 --> 00:05:14,627 What are you doing? What is that? 58 00:05:14,793 --> 00:05:17,129 Milk. It's milk. Much better than water. 59 00:05:17,212 --> 00:05:18,589 No, no, no. Stop. Stop! 60 00:05:18,672 --> 00:05:19,673 DOCTOR: What are you doing? 61 00:05:19,757 --> 00:05:21,008 DR. ZINCHENKO: These are radiation burns! 62 00:05:21,091 --> 00:05:22,718 Their clothes are contaminated! 63 00:05:23,260 --> 00:05:24,762 Help me! 64 00:05:26,221 --> 00:05:27,222 Get it all off. 65 00:05:27,723 --> 00:05:28,807 (GROANING) 66 00:05:28,891 --> 00:05:30,601 We're taking it down to the basement. 67 00:05:31,185 --> 00:05:32,645 (BREATHING HEAVILY) 68 00:05:33,771 --> 00:05:35,230 He was a firefighter from Chernobyl. 69 00:05:35,314 --> 00:05:36,732 Can you stop pushing, please? 70 00:05:36,982 --> 00:05:38,192 (CLAMORING) 71 00:05:41,028 --> 00:05:42,112 SOLDIER 1: We have our orders! 72 00:05:42,613 --> 00:05:44,573 -Disperse! -SOLDIER 2: Hey, there! Get him! 73 00:05:47,159 --> 00:05:48,744 WOMAN: Why are you keeping us out here? 74 00:05:48,827 --> 00:05:49,912 (LYUDMILLA GRUNTS) 75 00:06:43,465 --> 00:06:44,717 (DOOR OPENS) 76 00:06:45,634 --> 00:06:46,635 Professor Legasov? 77 00:06:47,594 --> 00:06:48,637 Oh, no, not yet. 78 00:06:49,221 --> 00:06:51,557 They're finishing up some other business. It'll be a few more minutes. 79 00:06:51,640 --> 00:06:52,683 Can I get you some tea? 80 00:06:52,766 --> 00:06:54,143 No, I'm fine. Thank you. 81 00:06:54,226 --> 00:06:56,061 Would you care to read Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's report 82 00:06:56,145 --> 00:06:57,146 while you're waiting? 83 00:06:57,229 --> 00:06:58,397 Certainly. Thank you. 84 00:07:02,860 --> 00:07:04,862 -(DOOR OPENS) -(EXHALES DEEPLY) 85 00:07:05,863 --> 00:07:07,114 (DOOR CLOSES) 86 00:07:56,246 --> 00:07:57,456 (DOOR OPENS) 87 00:07:58,540 --> 00:08:00,125 KREMLIN AIDE: All right, Professor. They're ready. 88 00:08:01,919 --> 00:08:03,545 Professor Legasov? 89 00:08:29,029 --> 00:08:30,197 GORBACHEV: You have my support. 90 00:08:37,496 --> 00:08:39,414 Thank you all for your duty to this commission. 91 00:08:39,498 --> 00:08:42,501 We will begin with Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's briefing, 92 00:08:42,584 --> 00:08:46,046 and then, we will discuss next steps if necessary. 93 00:08:46,338 --> 00:08:48,215 SHCHERBINA: Thank you, comrade General Secretary. 94 00:08:48,298 --> 00:08:52,636 I'm pleased to report that the situation in Chernobyl is stable. 95 00:08:52,719 --> 00:08:55,514 Military and civilian patrols have secured the region, 96 00:08:55,597 --> 00:08:57,474 and Colonel General Pikalov, 97 00:08:58,183 --> 00:09:00,894 who commands troops specializing in chemical hazards, 98 00:09:00,978 --> 00:09:02,813 has been dispatched to the plant. 99 00:09:03,147 --> 00:09:04,481 In terms of radiation, 100 00:09:04,565 --> 00:09:08,777 plant director Bryukhanov reports no more than 3.6 roentgen. 101 00:09:09,194 --> 00:09:11,738 I'm told it's the equivalent of a chest X-ray. 102 00:09:11,822 --> 00:09:14,366 So if you're overdue for a check-up... 103 00:09:14,741 --> 00:09:16,827 -And foreign press? -SHCHERBINA: Totally unaware. 104 00:09:17,536 --> 00:09:19,913 KGB First Deputy Chairman Charkov assures me 105 00:09:19,997 --> 00:09:22,666 that we have successfully protected our security interests. 106 00:09:23,250 --> 00:09:25,335 GORBACHEV: Good. Very good. 107 00:09:25,752 --> 00:09:28,088 Well, it seems like it's well in hand, so... 108 00:09:29,548 --> 00:09:32,009 If there's nothing else, meeting adjourned. 109 00:09:33,302 --> 00:09:34,303 No! 110 00:09:37,264 --> 00:09:38,265 Pardon me? 111 00:09:39,308 --> 00:09:40,976 Uh, we can't adjourn. 112 00:09:41,602 --> 00:09:43,937 This is Professor Legasov of the Kurchatov Institute. 113 00:09:44,354 --> 00:09:45,939 Professor, if you have any concerns, 114 00:09:46,023 --> 00:09:47,816 feel free to address them with me later. 115 00:09:47,900 --> 00:09:50,819 I can't. I am sorry. I'm so sorry. 116 00:09:51,778 --> 00:09:55,407 Page three, the section on casualties. Uh... 117 00:09:56,366 --> 00:09:59,286 "A fireman was severely burned on his hand 118 00:09:59,369 --> 00:10:01,705 "by a chunk of smooth, black mineral 119 00:10:01,788 --> 00:10:04,291 "on the ground, outside the reactor building." 120 00:10:04,374 --> 00:10:06,210 Smooth, black mineral, graphite. 121 00:10:06,293 --> 00:10:08,128 There's graphite on the ground. 122 00:10:11,089 --> 00:10:14,092 Well, there was a tank explosion. There's debris. 123 00:10:14,468 --> 00:10:15,636 Of what importance that could be... 124 00:10:15,719 --> 00:10:19,306 There's only one place in the entire facility where you will find graphite. 125 00:10:19,389 --> 00:10:20,474 Inside the core. 126 00:10:20,557 --> 00:10:22,226 If there's graphite on the ground outside, 127 00:10:22,309 --> 00:10:24,478 it means it wasn't a control system tank that exploded. 128 00:10:24,561 --> 00:10:26,855 It was the reactor core. It's open! (INHALES SHARPLY) 129 00:10:30,150 --> 00:10:31,151 Um... 130 00:10:31,860 --> 00:10:32,945 Comrade Shcherbina? 131 00:10:33,028 --> 00:10:34,988 Comrade General Secretary, I can assure you 132 00:10:35,072 --> 00:10:36,573 that Professor Legasov is mistaken. 133 00:10:37,157 --> 00:10:39,493 Bryukhanov reports that the reactor core is intact. 134 00:10:39,660 --> 00:10:42,079 -And as for the radiation... -Yes, 3.6 roentgen, 135 00:10:42,162 --> 00:10:44,623 which, by the way, is not the equivalent of one chest X-ray, 136 00:10:44,706 --> 00:10:47,000 but rather 400 chest X-rays. 137 00:10:47,084 --> 00:10:49,419 That number's been bothering me for a different reason, though. 138 00:10:49,920 --> 00:10:53,257 It's also the maximum reading on low-limit dosimeters. 139 00:10:53,340 --> 00:10:55,425 They gave us the number they had. 140 00:10:56,260 --> 00:10:59,054 I think the true number is much, much higher. 141 00:10:59,137 --> 00:11:01,723 If I'm right, this fireman was holding the equivalent 142 00:11:01,807 --> 00:11:04,268 of four million chest X-rays in his hand. 143 00:11:04,351 --> 00:11:06,645 Professor Legasov, there's no place for alarmist hysteria... 144 00:11:06,728 --> 00:11:08,188 It's not alarmist if it's a fact! 145 00:11:08,272 --> 00:11:10,649 Well, I don't hear any facts at all. 146 00:11:11,858 --> 00:11:14,486 All I hear is a man I don't know 147 00:11:14,569 --> 00:11:17,656 engaging in conjecture in direct contradiction 148 00:11:17,739 --> 00:11:19,741 to what has been reported by party officials. 149 00:11:20,075 --> 00:11:22,202 I'm, uh... I apologize. 150 00:11:23,287 --> 00:11:25,247 I didn't mean, uh... 151 00:11:25,914 --> 00:11:29,501 (CLEARS THROAT) Please, may I express my concern 152 00:11:29,584 --> 00:11:33,005 as calmly and as respectfully as I... 153 00:11:33,088 --> 00:11:35,799 -Professor Legasov... -GORBACHEV: Boris. 154 00:11:36,758 --> 00:11:37,801 I will allow it. 155 00:11:47,519 --> 00:11:48,854 LEGASOV: Um... 156 00:11:50,981 --> 00:11:52,733 An RBMK reactor 157 00:11:53,734 --> 00:11:57,362 uses uranium-235 as fuel. 158 00:11:58,530 --> 00:12:02,492 Every atom of U-235 is like a bullet 159 00:12:03,160 --> 00:12:05,287 traveling at nearly the speed of light, 160 00:12:05,537 --> 00:12:07,706 penetrating everything in its path, 161 00:12:07,789 --> 00:12:09,875 woods, metal, concrete, flesh. 162 00:12:11,293 --> 00:12:14,254 Every gram of U-235 holds 163 00:12:14,338 --> 00:12:17,299 over a billion trillion of these bullets. 164 00:12:17,382 --> 00:12:18,925 That's in one gram. 165 00:12:19,009 --> 00:12:22,012 Now, Chernobyl holds over three million grams, 166 00:12:22,095 --> 00:12:23,555 and right now, it is on fire. 167 00:12:25,015 --> 00:12:29,144 Winds will carry radioactive particles across the entire continent, 168 00:12:29,603 --> 00:12:31,188 rain will bring them down on us. 169 00:12:31,271 --> 00:12:34,399 That's three million billion trillion bullets 170 00:12:34,483 --> 00:12:37,944 in the... (SIGHS) In the air we breathe, 171 00:12:38,362 --> 00:12:40,864 the water we drink, the food we eat. 172 00:12:43,450 --> 00:12:46,828 Most of these bullets will not stop firing for 100 years. 173 00:12:47,913 --> 00:12:50,916 Some of them, not for 50,000 years. 174 00:12:51,208 --> 00:12:53,919 (CLEARS THROAT) Yes, and this concern 175 00:12:55,045 --> 00:12:58,548 stems entirely from the description of a rock? 176 00:13:03,261 --> 00:13:04,262 Yes. 177 00:13:06,932 --> 00:13:07,933 Hmm. 178 00:13:11,478 --> 00:13:12,479 Comrade Shcherbina... 179 00:13:14,147 --> 00:13:15,857 I want you to go to Chernobyl. 180 00:13:16,733 --> 00:13:18,693 You take a look at the reactor, you personally, 181 00:13:18,944 --> 00:13:20,821 and you report directly back to me. 182 00:13:21,029 --> 00:13:23,281 A wise decision, comrade General Secretary... 183 00:13:23,365 --> 00:13:24,991 And take Professor Legasov with you. 184 00:13:26,701 --> 00:13:27,994 SHCHERBINA: Uh... (CHUCKLES) 185 00:13:28,328 --> 00:13:31,248 Forgive me, comrade General Secretary, but I... 186 00:13:31,331 --> 00:13:33,291 Do you know how a nuclear reactor works? 187 00:13:35,752 --> 00:13:37,087 -No. -GORBACHEV: No. 188 00:13:37,170 --> 00:13:39,131 Well, then how will you know what you're looking at? 189 00:13:40,507 --> 00:13:41,675 Meeting adjourned. 190 00:14:00,861 --> 00:14:02,863 (HELICOPTER BLADES WHIRRING) 191 00:14:41,485 --> 00:14:43,069 How does a nuclear reactor work? 192 00:14:43,153 --> 00:14:45,405 -What? -SHCHERBINA: It's a simple question. 193 00:14:47,407 --> 00:14:49,284 It's hardly a simple answer. 194 00:14:49,367 --> 00:14:52,621 Of course, you presume I'm too stupid to understand. 195 00:14:53,455 --> 00:14:56,750 So I'll restate. Tell me how a nuclear reactor works, 196 00:14:56,833 --> 00:14:59,377 or I'll have one of these soldiers throw you out of the helicopter. 197 00:15:09,888 --> 00:15:13,225 A nuclear reactor makes electricity with steam. 198 00:15:13,767 --> 00:15:16,686 The steam turns a turbine which generates electricity. 199 00:15:17,103 --> 00:15:18,647 Where a typical power plant 200 00:15:19,189 --> 00:15:20,982 makes steam by burning coal, 201 00:15:21,358 --> 00:15:23,026 a nuclear plant... 202 00:15:28,573 --> 00:15:32,619 In a nuclear plant, we use something called fission. 203 00:15:34,246 --> 00:15:38,917 We take an unstable element like uranium-235, 204 00:15:39,668 --> 00:15:41,670 which has too many neutrons. 205 00:15:41,753 --> 00:15:43,672 -A neutron is, uh... -The bullet. 206 00:15:46,049 --> 00:15:47,717 Yes, the bullet. 207 00:15:48,843 --> 00:15:51,680 So, bullets are flying off of uranium. 208 00:15:51,763 --> 00:15:52,764 Now, 209 00:15:52,847 --> 00:15:57,477 if we put enough uranium atoms close together, 210 00:15:58,353 --> 00:16:01,773 the bullets from one atom will eventually strike another atom. 211 00:16:02,649 --> 00:16:05,694 The force of this impact splits that atom apart, 212 00:16:05,777 --> 00:16:08,863 releasing a tremendous amount of energy, fission. 213 00:16:09,239 --> 00:16:11,866 -And the graphite? -Ah... Yes. 214 00:16:12,200 --> 00:16:16,037 The neutrons are actually traveling so fast, we call this "flux." 215 00:16:16,413 --> 00:16:18,915 It's relatively unlikely that the uranium atoms 216 00:16:19,040 --> 00:16:20,292 will ever hit one another. 217 00:16:21,126 --> 00:16:25,797 In RBMK reactors, we surround the fuel rods with graphite 218 00:16:25,880 --> 00:16:30,051 to moderate, slow down, the neutron flux. 219 00:16:34,097 --> 00:16:35,140 Good. 220 00:16:36,099 --> 00:16:38,393 I know how a nuclear reactor works. 221 00:16:40,604 --> 00:16:42,022 Now I don't need you. 222 00:16:52,240 --> 00:16:54,117 (BUSY CHATTER) 223 00:16:55,827 --> 00:16:57,412 (PATIENTS COUGHING) 224 00:17:01,875 --> 00:17:03,710 Can you help me? I need to find my husband. 225 00:17:03,793 --> 00:17:04,836 No. Not now. 226 00:17:09,299 --> 00:17:10,508 -Mikhail! -Lyudmilla. 227 00:17:10,592 --> 00:17:12,218 -(BABY CRYING) -Take her. 228 00:17:12,552 --> 00:17:14,304 Take her away from here, please. 229 00:17:14,387 --> 00:17:17,057 Get away from them! You want to get sick? Go! 230 00:17:17,223 --> 00:17:18,516 Please take her, please take her. 231 00:17:18,600 --> 00:17:19,934 Please take her, please. 232 00:17:20,018 --> 00:17:22,145 Please! Please! 233 00:17:22,479 --> 00:17:24,064 Please take her! 234 00:17:28,151 --> 00:17:29,277 Um... 235 00:17:29,778 --> 00:17:32,364 Excuse me, I am Vasily Ignatenko's wife. 236 00:17:32,697 --> 00:17:34,949 He's a fireman. Ignatenko. 237 00:17:36,701 --> 00:17:39,371 Ignatenko, Sixth Paramilitary Fire and Rescue Unit. 238 00:17:39,454 --> 00:17:41,748 I need to find him. Please. 239 00:17:45,669 --> 00:17:47,128 MAJOR BUROV: Ignatenko... 240 00:17:47,212 --> 00:17:49,422 He's being transported by helicopter to Moscow. 241 00:17:49,923 --> 00:17:51,049 Hospital number six. 242 00:17:51,591 --> 00:17:53,677 Why, is he all right? Can I see him? 243 00:17:53,760 --> 00:17:55,136 You want to see him? Go to Moscow. 244 00:17:55,595 --> 00:17:57,263 But they're not letting us leave here. 245 00:18:00,266 --> 00:18:01,726 Tell them Major Burov allows it. 246 00:18:03,978 --> 00:18:05,480 When are they taking him? 247 00:18:06,356 --> 00:18:07,357 MAJOR BUROV: Now. 248 00:18:09,943 --> 00:18:11,361 (INDISTINCT SHOUTING) 249 00:18:38,263 --> 00:18:39,681 We're approaching the power plant. 250 00:18:41,099 --> 00:18:42,767 (BREATHING HEAVILY) 251 00:18:46,062 --> 00:18:47,272 LEGASOV: What have they done? 252 00:18:49,065 --> 00:18:50,233 Can you see inside? 253 00:18:50,650 --> 00:18:51,860 I don't have to. 254 00:18:53,027 --> 00:18:55,864 Look. That's graphite on the roof. 255 00:18:55,947 --> 00:18:58,116 The whole building's been blown open. 256 00:18:58,199 --> 00:18:59,576 The core's exposed! 257 00:18:59,659 --> 00:19:01,536 I can't see how you can tell that from here. 258 00:19:01,619 --> 00:19:03,997 For God's sakes. Look at that glow! 259 00:19:04,622 --> 00:19:07,167 That's radiation ionizing the air! 260 00:19:07,375 --> 00:19:09,085 Well, if we can't see, we don't know. 261 00:19:09,335 --> 00:19:10,587 Get us directly over the building! 262 00:19:10,670 --> 00:19:12,088 -Boris... -Don't use my name! 263 00:19:12,172 --> 00:19:14,716 If we fly directly over an open reactor, we'll be dead within a week! 264 00:19:14,799 --> 00:19:15,842 Dead! 265 00:19:17,343 --> 00:19:18,428 Sir? 266 00:19:18,511 --> 00:19:21,347 Get us over that building, or I'll have you shot! 267 00:19:25,852 --> 00:19:27,771 If you fly directly over that core, I promise you, 268 00:19:27,854 --> 00:19:29,564 by tomorrow morning, you'll be begging for that bullet. 269 00:19:37,155 --> 00:19:38,281 (LEGASOV GRUNTS) 270 00:20:14,609 --> 00:20:16,236 (MUFFLED CONVERSATION) 271 00:20:18,238 --> 00:20:19,948 Perhaps if you came back another day. 272 00:20:25,245 --> 00:20:26,746 Just wonderful. 273 00:20:27,831 --> 00:20:29,415 KHOMYUK: Deputy Secretary Garanin. 274 00:20:30,625 --> 00:20:34,337 Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 275 00:20:34,504 --> 00:20:35,505 What a pleasure. 276 00:20:35,922 --> 00:20:38,049 -Let me introduce... -I'm here about Chernobyl. 277 00:20:40,802 --> 00:20:42,011 Such a lovely time. 278 00:20:42,679 --> 00:20:44,931 -Visit again, soon. -CHULKOV: I will. Thank you. 279 00:20:45,390 --> 00:20:47,559 (DOOR OPENS AND CLOSES) 280 00:20:57,861 --> 00:21:00,613 GARANIN: I must tell you, this is why no one likes scientists. 281 00:21:01,406 --> 00:21:03,491 When we have a disease to cure, where are they? 282 00:21:03,825 --> 00:21:07,203 In a lab, noses in their books, and so Grandma dies. 283 00:21:07,829 --> 00:21:10,331 But when there isn't a problem, they're everywhere, spreading fear. 284 00:21:10,415 --> 00:21:11,833 I know about Chernobyl. 285 00:21:11,916 --> 00:21:13,084 Oh? 286 00:21:13,167 --> 00:21:16,004 I know that the core is either partially or completely exposed. 287 00:21:16,087 --> 00:21:18,423 -Whatever that means. -And that if you don't immediately 288 00:21:18,506 --> 00:21:21,217 issue iodine tablets and then evacuate this city, 289 00:21:21,301 --> 00:21:23,553 hundreds of thousands of people are going to get cancer, 290 00:21:23,970 --> 00:21:25,722 and God knows how many more will die. 291 00:21:26,264 --> 00:21:27,307 Yes, very good. 292 00:21:28,099 --> 00:21:30,226 There has been an accident at Chernobyl, 293 00:21:30,310 --> 00:21:32,103 but I've been assured there is no problem. 294 00:21:32,437 --> 00:21:33,938 I'm telling you that there is. 295 00:21:34,480 --> 00:21:36,107 I prefer my opinion to yours. 296 00:21:36,900 --> 00:21:38,693 I'm a nuclear physicist. 297 00:21:39,944 --> 00:21:42,947 Before you were Deputy Secretary, you worked in a shoe factory. 298 00:21:44,449 --> 00:21:47,076 Yes, I worked in a shoe factory. 299 00:21:48,912 --> 00:21:50,163 And now, I'm in charge. 300 00:21:53,291 --> 00:21:54,792 "To the workers of the world." 301 00:21:56,252 --> 00:21:57,837 (GARANIN GULPING) 302 00:22:17,815 --> 00:22:22,528 Stable iodine will keep your thyroid from absorbing radioactive iodine. 303 00:22:24,030 --> 00:22:26,115 Take one a day for as long as they last. 304 00:22:26,908 --> 00:22:28,034 And go east. 305 00:22:28,993 --> 00:22:30,620 Get as far from Minsk as you can. 306 00:22:35,291 --> 00:22:37,293 (DOOR OPENS AND CLOSES) 307 00:22:55,061 --> 00:22:56,980 (AIRCRAFT WHIRRING NEARBY) 308 00:23:04,904 --> 00:23:05,905 FOMIN: It's overkill. 309 00:23:06,447 --> 00:23:08,574 Pikalov's showing off to make us look bad. 310 00:23:08,658 --> 00:23:10,702 It doesn't matter how it looks. 311 00:23:11,494 --> 00:23:13,287 Shcherbina is a pure bureaucrat, 312 00:23:13,871 --> 00:23:15,873 as stupid as he is pigheaded. 313 00:23:16,416 --> 00:23:18,376 We'll tell him the truth in the simplest terms possible. 314 00:23:18,459 --> 00:23:19,669 We'll be fine. 315 00:23:23,214 --> 00:23:24,215 Pikalov! 316 00:23:50,616 --> 00:23:53,286 Comrade Shcherbina, Chief Engineer Fomin, 317 00:23:53,369 --> 00:23:56,581 Colonel General Pikalov and I are honored at your arrival. 318 00:23:56,664 --> 00:23:57,999 Deeply, deeply honored. 319 00:23:58,291 --> 00:24:01,252 Naturally, we regret the circumstances of your visit, 320 00:24:01,335 --> 00:24:03,379 but, as you can see, we are making excellent progress 321 00:24:03,463 --> 00:24:05,048 in containing the damage. 322 00:24:05,131 --> 00:24:10,136 We have begun our own inquiry into the cause of the accident, 323 00:24:10,219 --> 00:24:13,264 and I have a list of individuals 324 00:24:13,347 --> 00:24:15,600 who we believe are accountable. 325 00:24:38,498 --> 00:24:39,916 Professor Legasov, I understand 326 00:24:39,999 --> 00:24:42,293 you've been saying dangerous things. 327 00:24:42,376 --> 00:24:43,753 FOMIN: Very dangerous things. 328 00:24:44,128 --> 00:24:46,047 Apparently, our reactor core exploded. 329 00:24:47,131 --> 00:24:51,010 Please, tell me how an RBMK reactor core explodes. 330 00:24:53,387 --> 00:24:55,431 I'm not prepared to explain it at this time. 331 00:24:56,182 --> 00:24:58,559 As I presumed, he has no answer. 332 00:24:58,643 --> 00:25:00,937 It's disgraceful, really. 333 00:25:01,813 --> 00:25:04,398 To spread disinformation at a time like this. 334 00:25:10,905 --> 00:25:13,241 Why did I see graphite on the roof? 335 00:25:14,200 --> 00:25:15,827 Graphite is only found in the core, 336 00:25:15,910 --> 00:25:18,830 where it's used as a neutron flux moderator. 337 00:25:19,330 --> 00:25:20,373 Correct? 338 00:25:21,707 --> 00:25:25,253 Fomin, why did the Deputy Chairman see graphite on the roof? 339 00:25:26,337 --> 00:25:27,713 Well, that can't be. 340 00:25:29,090 --> 00:25:31,759 Comrade Shcherbina, my apologies, but graphite... 341 00:25:31,968 --> 00:25:33,010 That's not possible. 342 00:25:33,177 --> 00:25:35,263 Perhaps you saw burnt concrete. 343 00:25:35,346 --> 00:25:36,681 Now there you made a mistake, 344 00:25:37,306 --> 00:25:39,725 because I may not know much about nuclear reactors, 345 00:25:40,184 --> 00:25:41,477 but I know a lot about concrete. 346 00:25:42,436 --> 00:25:44,814 -Comrade, I assure you... -I understand. 347 00:25:45,690 --> 00:25:47,358 You think Legasov is wrong? 348 00:25:48,609 --> 00:25:49,819 How shall we prove it? 349 00:25:51,821 --> 00:25:53,990 Our high-range dosimeter just arrived. 350 00:25:55,116 --> 00:25:57,326 We could cover one of our trucks with lead shielding, 351 00:25:58,161 --> 00:25:59,787 mount the dosimeter on the front. 352 00:26:06,335 --> 00:26:09,005 Have one of your men get as close to the fire as he can. 353 00:26:09,672 --> 00:26:11,340 Give him every bit of protection you have. 354 00:26:11,424 --> 00:26:14,927 But understand that even with lead shielding, it may not be enough. 355 00:26:17,430 --> 00:26:18,598 Then I'll do it myself. 356 00:26:24,061 --> 00:26:25,062 Good. 357 00:27:59,323 --> 00:28:01,409 (MUFFLED CONVERSATIONS) 358 00:28:23,806 --> 00:28:24,849 He's back. 359 00:28:54,587 --> 00:28:55,755 It's not three roentgen. 360 00:28:56,589 --> 00:28:57,590 It's 15,000. 361 00:28:58,966 --> 00:29:00,259 BRYUKHANOV: Comrade Shcherbina... 362 00:29:01,427 --> 00:29:02,928 What does that number mean? 363 00:29:03,012 --> 00:29:04,930 It means the core is open. 364 00:29:05,639 --> 00:29:07,767 It means the fire we're watching with our own eyes 365 00:29:07,850 --> 00:29:09,393 is giving off nearly twice the radiation 366 00:29:09,477 --> 00:29:11,228 released by the bomb in Hiroshima. 367 00:29:11,312 --> 00:29:13,147 And that's every single hour. 368 00:29:13,230 --> 00:29:16,192 Hour after hour, 20 hours since the explosion, 369 00:29:16,275 --> 00:29:17,902 so 40 bombs' worth by now. 370 00:29:18,152 --> 00:29:19,320 Forty-eight more tomorrow. 371 00:29:19,612 --> 00:29:22,156 And it will not stop. Not in a week, not in a month. 372 00:29:22,239 --> 00:29:23,783 It will burn and spread its poison 373 00:29:23,866 --> 00:29:25,951 until the entire continent is dead. 374 00:29:29,789 --> 00:29:31,999 Please escort Comrades Bryukhanov and Fomin 375 00:29:32,083 --> 00:29:33,626 to the local party headquarters. 376 00:29:34,460 --> 00:29:35,920 -Thank you for your service. -Comrade... 377 00:29:36,003 --> 00:29:37,171 You're excused. 378 00:29:38,047 --> 00:29:39,673 Dyatlov was in charge. 379 00:29:41,300 --> 00:29:42,593 It was Dyatlov! 380 00:29:43,052 --> 00:29:45,638 -Tell me how to put it out. -We'll use helicopters. 381 00:29:45,888 --> 00:29:47,473 We'll drop water on it like a forest fire. 382 00:29:47,556 --> 00:29:50,267 No, no, no. You don't understand. This isn't a fire. 383 00:29:51,185 --> 00:29:55,106 This is a fissioning reactor core burning at over 2,000 degrees. 384 00:29:55,189 --> 00:29:56,899 The heat will instantly vaporize the water... 385 00:29:56,982 --> 00:29:58,192 How do we put it out? 386 00:29:58,692 --> 00:29:59,902 (SIGHS HEAVILY) 387 00:30:01,445 --> 00:30:03,447 You are dealing with something 388 00:30:03,531 --> 00:30:07,451 that has never occurred on this planet before. 389 00:30:09,954 --> 00:30:10,955 Boron. 390 00:30:12,498 --> 00:30:13,958 Boron and sand. 391 00:30:14,875 --> 00:30:17,420 Well, that'll create problems of its own, 392 00:30:17,503 --> 00:30:19,213 but I don't see any other way. 393 00:30:19,964 --> 00:30:21,757 Of course, it's going to take thousands of drops, 394 00:30:21,841 --> 00:30:24,427 because you can't fly the helicopters directly over the core, 395 00:30:24,510 --> 00:30:26,095 so most of it is going to miss. 396 00:30:26,178 --> 00:30:28,347 -How much sand and boron? -Well, I can't be... 397 00:30:28,431 --> 00:30:31,767 -For God's sake, roughly! -Five thousand tons. 398 00:30:32,560 --> 00:30:35,312 And obviously, we're going to need to evacuate an enormous area... 399 00:30:35,396 --> 00:30:37,022 Never mind that. Focus on the fire. 400 00:30:37,106 --> 00:30:39,150 I am focusing on the fire. 401 00:30:39,775 --> 00:30:43,154 The wind, it's carrying all that smoke. 402 00:30:44,196 --> 00:30:45,739 All that radiation. 403 00:30:46,157 --> 00:30:48,993 At least evacuate Pripyat. It's three kilometers away. 404 00:30:49,076 --> 00:30:51,120 -That's my decision to make. -Then make it. 405 00:30:51,203 --> 00:30:53,914 -I've been told not to. -Is it or is not your decision? 406 00:30:53,998 --> 00:30:55,166 I'm in charge here! 407 00:30:55,791 --> 00:30:57,418 This will go much easier if you talk to me 408 00:30:57,501 --> 00:30:58,794 about the things you do understand 409 00:30:58,878 --> 00:31:00,963 and not about the things you do not understand. 410 00:31:05,468 --> 00:31:06,760 Where are you going? 411 00:31:06,844 --> 00:31:10,055 SHCHERBINA: I'm going to get you 5,000 tons of sand and boron. 412 00:31:18,522 --> 00:31:19,773 There's a hotel. 413 00:31:47,176 --> 00:31:48,552 (PHONE RINGS) 414 00:31:48,636 --> 00:31:50,054 (INDISTINCT CHATTER) 415 00:32:05,194 --> 00:32:06,987 (MUSIC PLAYING OVER RADIO) 416 00:32:16,497 --> 00:32:17,748 I'd prefer one of those. 417 00:32:26,549 --> 00:32:28,133 WOMAN: Superstitious? 418 00:32:37,226 --> 00:32:38,936 Moscow? 419 00:32:42,439 --> 00:32:44,316 Are you here because of the fire? 420 00:32:45,776 --> 00:32:47,027 (SIGHS SOFTLY) 421 00:32:49,196 --> 00:32:51,615 Anything we should be worried about? 422 00:32:55,703 --> 00:32:56,787 (SIGHS) 423 00:32:56,870 --> 00:32:57,913 No. 424 00:32:58,247 --> 00:32:59,248 (CHUCKLES LIGHTLY) 425 00:33:06,005 --> 00:33:07,006 (GLASS TAPS) 426 00:33:41,999 --> 00:33:43,542 (TREES RUSTLING) 427 00:33:48,589 --> 00:33:50,716 (HELICOPTER BLADES WHIRRING) 428 00:33:58,307 --> 00:34:00,392 (INDISTINCT RADIO CHATTER) 429 00:34:03,437 --> 00:34:06,023 PILOT: (OVER RADIO) We're in position. Approaching drop. 430 00:34:07,358 --> 00:34:08,692 STASIUK: (OVER RADIO) Clear to proceed. 431 00:34:10,653 --> 00:34:13,864 PILOT: Copy. We'll go one by one in rotation. 432 00:34:19,036 --> 00:34:20,829 Remind them about the perimeter. 433 00:34:24,583 --> 00:34:26,710 They cannot fly directly over the fire. 434 00:34:26,794 --> 00:34:29,213 A minimum of a ten-meter perimeter. 435 00:34:29,296 --> 00:34:30,506 PILOT: Ten-meter perimeter. Copy. 436 00:34:30,839 --> 00:34:34,385 Lead One, per pre-flight, maintain minimum ten-meter perimeter. 437 00:34:34,927 --> 00:34:35,969 LEAD ONE: Copy that. 438 00:34:36,053 --> 00:34:39,556 Forty meters, 35, 30... 439 00:34:40,724 --> 00:34:42,559 (RADIO STATIC CRACKLING) 440 00:34:43,560 --> 00:34:44,561 LEGASOV: No, no, no. 441 00:34:44,645 --> 00:34:46,397 They're too close. 442 00:34:46,480 --> 00:34:48,232 If they can't get over the fire, how are they supposed... 443 00:34:48,315 --> 00:34:49,858 The wind will have to carry it. 444 00:34:49,942 --> 00:34:52,569 Tell them, they cannot go over the core. 445 00:34:55,197 --> 00:34:56,407 STASIUK: Lead One is too close. 446 00:34:56,490 --> 00:34:58,909 I repeat, they are too close. 447 00:34:58,992 --> 00:35:00,244 PILOT: Copy. 448 00:35:01,078 --> 00:35:03,205 Lead One, you are inside the perimeter. 449 00:35:04,039 --> 00:35:07,292 LEAD ONE: Did not copy. Signal's breaking up. 450 00:35:09,086 --> 00:35:10,129 PILOT: Lead One? 451 00:35:11,588 --> 00:35:12,589 Do you copy? 452 00:35:13,549 --> 00:35:14,925 Lead One, do you copy? 453 00:35:15,926 --> 00:35:17,803 Lead One, come in. 454 00:35:17,886 --> 00:35:19,638 Do you copy, Lead One? 455 00:35:19,722 --> 00:35:20,889 Lead One! 456 00:35:23,267 --> 00:35:25,185 (HELICOPTER ENGINE WHINES) 457 00:35:30,149 --> 00:35:31,734 (DISTANT CLANGING) 458 00:35:39,450 --> 00:35:41,577 STASIUK: Sir? What do I tell the others? 459 00:35:44,288 --> 00:35:46,206 Is there any other way, Legasov? 460 00:35:54,798 --> 00:35:55,966 Send the next one in. 461 00:35:58,177 --> 00:35:59,762 Tell them to approach from the west. 462 00:36:00,929 --> 00:36:04,016 STASIUK: Lead Two, approach from the west. 463 00:36:22,743 --> 00:36:24,578 (PHONE RINGING) 464 00:36:25,329 --> 00:36:27,289 MARINA: Kurchatov Institute Laboratory Four. 465 00:36:28,040 --> 00:36:31,752 KHOMYUK: Marina Gruzinskaya, it's Ulana Khomyuk from Minsk. 466 00:36:34,296 --> 00:36:35,297 MARINA: Oh, yes. 467 00:36:35,380 --> 00:36:37,925 How nice of you to phone. It's been too long. 468 00:36:38,008 --> 00:36:39,134 It has. 469 00:36:39,218 --> 00:36:41,845 I was actually calling about our friend. 470 00:36:41,929 --> 00:36:44,181 -You know, the one in the country. -Oh, yes, of course. 471 00:36:44,264 --> 00:36:47,810 I wanted to see how he's doing. It's so hot there right now. 472 00:36:47,893 --> 00:36:50,354 Yes, it's extremely hot, 473 00:36:50,437 --> 00:36:51,939 but his nephews are flying down, 474 00:36:52,022 --> 00:36:53,941 and they always bring cool weather. 475 00:36:54,024 --> 00:36:55,442 Oh, which nephews? 476 00:36:56,610 --> 00:36:59,863 Simka, who's 14, and little Boris, who's five. 477 00:37:00,405 --> 00:37:01,782 Well, that's wonderful. 478 00:37:01,865 --> 00:37:03,742 Though children can make you even hotter 479 00:37:03,826 --> 00:37:05,410 when they're crawling all over you. 480 00:37:05,494 --> 00:37:06,745 Maybe I should visit them. 481 00:37:06,829 --> 00:37:08,956 No, they don't want visitors. 482 00:37:09,039 --> 00:37:11,124 I'm sorry, um, I have to get back to work. 483 00:37:11,208 --> 00:37:13,126 It's very busy right now. Goodbye. 484 00:37:16,505 --> 00:37:18,841 They're dropping sand and boron on the fire. 485 00:37:20,050 --> 00:37:21,134 It's what I would do. 486 00:37:23,262 --> 00:37:25,097 Yes, I'm sure it is. 487 00:37:47,452 --> 00:37:48,662 Where are you going? 488 00:37:49,746 --> 00:37:50,747 Chernobyl. 489 00:37:51,999 --> 00:37:53,000 (DOOR OPENS) 490 00:37:56,295 --> 00:37:58,255 (DOOR OPENS, CLOSES) 491 00:37:59,089 --> 00:38:01,925 It's been smooth. Twenty drops. 492 00:38:02,009 --> 00:38:03,886 (HELICOPTER WHIRRING NEARBY) 493 00:38:07,598 --> 00:38:09,182 What? 494 00:38:11,768 --> 00:38:15,439 (SIGHS) There are 50,000 people in this city. 495 00:38:15,522 --> 00:38:16,648 (SIGHS) 496 00:38:16,732 --> 00:38:20,027 Professor Ilyin, who's also on the commission, 497 00:38:20,110 --> 00:38:22,946 says the radiation isn't high enough to evacuate. 498 00:38:23,030 --> 00:38:25,198 Ilyin isn't a physicist. 499 00:38:25,282 --> 00:38:27,784 Well, he's a medical doctor. If he says it's safe, it's safe. 500 00:38:27,868 --> 00:38:30,370 -Not if they stay here. -We're staying here. 501 00:38:30,454 --> 00:38:33,790 Yes, we are, and we'll be dead in five years. 502 00:38:42,633 --> 00:38:45,010 I'm sorry, I... 503 00:38:45,093 --> 00:38:46,678 I'm sorry. 504 00:39:07,658 --> 00:39:09,368 (PHONE RINGING) 505 00:39:25,133 --> 00:39:27,219 -Shcherbina. -(MAN SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY) 506 00:39:37,646 --> 00:39:38,897 Thank you. 507 00:39:45,570 --> 00:39:49,366 A nuclear plant in Sweden has detected radiation 508 00:39:49,449 --> 00:39:52,494 and identified it as a by-product of our fuel. 509 00:39:53,620 --> 00:39:55,998 The Americans took satellite photos. 510 00:39:57,374 --> 00:40:00,544 The reactor building, the smoke, the fire. 511 00:40:00,919 --> 00:40:02,087 (SIGHS) 512 00:40:03,088 --> 00:40:04,798 The whole world knows. 513 00:40:11,805 --> 00:40:13,890 The wind has been blowing toward Germany. 514 00:40:15,851 --> 00:40:18,186 They're not letting children play outside 515 00:40:20,230 --> 00:40:21,690 in Frankfurt. 516 00:40:33,452 --> 00:40:34,494 Want a smoke? 517 00:40:50,886 --> 00:40:53,430 NEWSCASTER: There has been a nuclear accident in the Soviet Union 518 00:40:53,513 --> 00:40:55,307 and the Soviets have admitted that it happened. 519 00:40:55,390 --> 00:40:56,767 The Soviet version is this, 520 00:40:56,892 --> 00:40:58,393 One of the atomic reactors 521 00:40:58,477 --> 00:41:01,730 at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant near the city of Kiev was damaged, 522 00:41:01,813 --> 00:41:03,648 and there is speculation in Moscow 523 00:41:03,732 --> 00:41:06,151 that people were injured and may have died. 524 00:41:06,234 --> 00:41:09,154 The Soviets may have been fairly quick to acknowledge the accident 525 00:41:09,237 --> 00:41:12,574 because evidence in the form of mild nuclear radiation 526 00:41:12,657 --> 00:41:16,119 had already reached beyond the Soviet borders to Scandinavia. 527 00:41:49,778 --> 00:41:53,240 (WOMAN CALLING FOR ATTENTION IN RUSSIAN OVER MEGAPHONE) 528 00:41:58,078 --> 00:42:00,372 (WOMAN ANNOUNCING IN RUSSIAN OVER MEGAPHONE) 529 00:42:32,863 --> 00:42:34,990 (WOMAN CONTINUES ANNOUNCING OVER MEGAPHONE) 530 00:43:05,312 --> 00:43:06,938 (INAUDIBLE) 531 00:43:22,704 --> 00:43:24,080 (GIRL CRYING) 532 00:43:35,759 --> 00:43:37,928 (ANNOUNCEMENT CONTINUES OVER MEGAPHONE) 533 00:43:58,615 --> 00:44:00,492 (INAUDIBLE) 534 00:44:20,637 --> 00:44:23,306 (ANNOUNCEMENT REPEATING OVER MEGAPHONE) 535 00:44:28,853 --> 00:44:31,064 (SIREN WAILING) 536 00:45:31,291 --> 00:45:34,210 I said turn around. This is a restricted zone. 537 00:45:34,294 --> 00:45:36,588 I'm from the Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 538 00:45:36,671 --> 00:45:38,214 Do you have permission? 539 00:45:38,298 --> 00:45:40,800 Listen to me, I need to speak to someone urgently. 540 00:45:40,884 --> 00:45:42,093 Turn around right now, 541 00:45:42,177 --> 00:45:43,219 or I'll arrest you. 542 00:45:43,303 --> 00:45:47,140 If you arrest me, you should take me to the highest possible authority. 543 00:45:51,728 --> 00:45:54,272 LEGASOV: We have to start a radiological survey. 544 00:45:54,356 --> 00:45:58,026 Sector by sector, on foot, dosimeters in hand. 545 00:45:59,986 --> 00:46:01,363 Are you all right? 546 00:46:04,157 --> 00:46:05,492 Of course. 547 00:46:05,575 --> 00:46:06,868 (FOOTSTEPS APPROACH) 548 00:46:06,951 --> 00:46:11,122 Comrades... The guards arrested this woman at the south checkpoint. 549 00:46:11,206 --> 00:46:12,791 I'd have put her in a cell... 550 00:46:12,874 --> 00:46:15,210 But he thought you should know that I know. 551 00:46:15,293 --> 00:46:17,253 I know that your reactor core is exposed. 552 00:46:17,337 --> 00:46:20,090 I know the graphite's on fire, the fuel is melting, 553 00:46:20,173 --> 00:46:22,300 and you're dropping sand and boron on it, 554 00:46:22,384 --> 00:46:25,303 which you probably thought was smart, but you've made a mistake. 555 00:46:25,387 --> 00:46:28,723 Ulana Yuriyvna Khomyuk, Chief Physicist, 556 00:46:28,807 --> 00:46:31,017 Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 557 00:46:31,101 --> 00:46:34,521 And you are Valery Alexeyevich Legasov? 558 00:46:34,604 --> 00:46:36,940 Smothering the core will put the fire out, 559 00:46:37,023 --> 00:46:39,901 but the temperature will eventually increase... 560 00:46:39,984 --> 00:46:41,528 LEGASOV: Believe me, I'm perfectly aware. 561 00:46:41,611 --> 00:46:43,655 But I estimate at least a month 562 00:46:43,738 --> 00:46:45,573 before it melts through the lower concrete pad, 563 00:46:45,657 --> 00:46:46,783 -which gives us time... -KHOMYUK: No. 564 00:46:46,866 --> 00:46:49,244 You don't have a month. You have approximately two days. 565 00:46:50,370 --> 00:46:51,538 Yes, 566 00:46:51,621 --> 00:46:53,623 the fuel would take a month 567 00:46:53,706 --> 00:46:55,708 to reach the concrete pad here. 568 00:46:56,167 --> 00:46:57,168 But first... 569 00:46:58,586 --> 00:47:01,798 it's going to burn through the biological shield here by Tuesday. 570 00:47:01,881 --> 00:47:03,341 And when it does, 571 00:47:03,425 --> 00:47:06,344 it's going to hit these tanks, bubbler pools, reservoirs... 572 00:47:06,428 --> 00:47:09,305 Reservoirs for the ECS. I understand your concern, 573 00:47:09,389 --> 00:47:11,516 but I confirmed it with plant personnel. 574 00:47:11,599 --> 00:47:13,893 -The tanks are nearly empty. -No, they were nearly empty. 575 00:47:15,145 --> 00:47:17,981 Each of these points here, here, 576 00:47:18,064 --> 00:47:20,692 and here all drain to the bubbler pools. 577 00:47:20,775 --> 00:47:23,445 I'm guessing that every pipe in the building ruptured. 578 00:47:23,528 --> 00:47:26,573 And then there are those fire engines that I saw on the way in. 579 00:47:26,656 --> 00:47:28,741 The fire hoses are still connected. 580 00:47:29,492 --> 00:47:32,203 They've been gushing water into the structure this whole time. 581 00:47:32,287 --> 00:47:33,580 The tanks are full. 582 00:47:35,081 --> 00:47:37,417 (SIGHS) The tanks are full. 583 00:47:39,711 --> 00:47:40,795 (SIGHS) 584 00:47:40,879 --> 00:47:43,590 (IN RUSSIAN) From the Council of Ministers of the USSR. 585 00:47:43,923 --> 00:47:48,386 An accident has occurred at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station. 586 00:47:48,470 --> 00:47:51,681 One of the nuclear reactors has been damaged. 587 00:47:51,764 --> 00:47:55,435 Measures are being taken to address the consequences of the accident. 588 00:47:55,518 --> 00:47:58,146 Victims are receiving assistance. 589 00:47:58,229 --> 00:48:00,899 A government commission has been formed. 590 00:48:07,071 --> 00:48:08,364 (DOOR OPENS) 591 00:48:17,290 --> 00:48:21,503 I have 10 minutes, then I'm back on the phone 592 00:48:21,586 --> 00:48:24,506 apologizing to our friends, 593 00:48:24,589 --> 00:48:26,966 apologizing to our enemies. 594 00:48:28,051 --> 00:48:31,304 Our power comes from the perception of our power. 595 00:48:31,971 --> 00:48:35,016 Do you understand the damage this has done? 596 00:48:35,099 --> 00:48:37,143 Do you understand what's at stake? 597 00:48:39,479 --> 00:48:40,730 Boris. 598 00:48:43,274 --> 00:48:47,195 Professor Legasov will deliver our briefing. 599 00:48:49,405 --> 00:48:50,949 There is some good news. 600 00:48:51,032 --> 00:48:53,743 The air drops are working to douse the fire. 601 00:48:53,826 --> 00:48:57,622 There's been a reduction in radionuclide emissions, 602 00:48:57,705 --> 00:49:01,793 but the fire will not be extinguished for at least another two weeks. 603 00:49:04,337 --> 00:49:07,674 There is also an additional problem. 604 00:49:08,758 --> 00:49:10,593 Nuclear fuel doesn't turn cold 605 00:49:10,677 --> 00:49:13,388 simply because it is not on fire. 606 00:49:13,471 --> 00:49:14,764 In fact, the temperature will likely rise 607 00:49:14,847 --> 00:49:17,767 as a result of the blanket of sand we've dropped. 608 00:49:17,850 --> 00:49:20,687 The uranium will melt the sand, 609 00:49:20,770 --> 00:49:22,647 creating a kind of lava 610 00:49:22,730 --> 00:49:25,858 which will begin to melt down through the shield below. 611 00:49:25,942 --> 00:49:27,610 You have made lava? 612 00:49:29,821 --> 00:49:31,781 I anticipated this. 613 00:49:33,825 --> 00:49:38,246 I believed there was time to reinforce this lower concrete pad 614 00:49:38,329 --> 00:49:41,457 before the lava reached the Earth and contaminated the groundwater. 615 00:49:41,541 --> 00:49:44,669 But as it turned out, I was worried about the wrong thing. 616 00:49:44,752 --> 00:49:46,462 Uh... 617 00:49:46,546 --> 00:49:50,091 It was my understanding that these large water tanks 618 00:49:50,174 --> 00:49:52,885 under the reactor were essentially empty. 619 00:49:52,969 --> 00:49:56,055 This is Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian Institute. 620 00:49:56,139 --> 00:49:58,308 Thanks to her insight, we are now aware 621 00:49:58,391 --> 00:50:01,853 that the tanks are, in fact, full. 622 00:50:01,936 --> 00:50:05,481 Of water. Why is that a problem, Professor? 623 00:50:06,691 --> 00:50:07,942 (KHOMYUK CLEARS THROAT) 624 00:50:09,819 --> 00:50:11,613 When the lava enters these tanks, 625 00:50:11,696 --> 00:50:14,115 it will instantly superheat and vaporize 626 00:50:14,198 --> 00:50:17,869 approximately 7,000 cubic meters of water, 627 00:50:17,952 --> 00:50:21,331 causing a significant thermal explosion. 628 00:50:22,040 --> 00:50:23,666 How significant? 629 00:50:23,750 --> 00:50:27,503 We estimate between two and four megatons. 630 00:50:27,962 --> 00:50:30,548 Everything within a 30-kilometer radius 631 00:50:30,632 --> 00:50:32,550 will be completely destroyed, 632 00:50:32,634 --> 00:50:36,012 including the three remaining reactors at Chernobyl. 633 00:50:36,095 --> 00:50:39,474 The entirety of the radioactive material in all of the cores 634 00:50:39,557 --> 00:50:42,769 will be ejected at force 635 00:50:42,852 --> 00:50:44,896 and dispersed by a massive shock wave, 636 00:50:46,105 --> 00:50:48,232 which will extend 637 00:50:48,316 --> 00:50:51,152 approximately 200 kilometers 638 00:50:51,235 --> 00:50:54,280 and likely be fatal to the entire population of Kiev 639 00:50:54,364 --> 00:50:56,157 as well as a portion of Minsk. 640 00:50:56,741 --> 00:50:59,577 The release of radiation will be severe 641 00:50:59,661 --> 00:51:01,204 and will impact 642 00:51:01,287 --> 00:51:05,541 all of Soviet Ukraine, Latvia, Lithuania, 643 00:51:05,625 --> 00:51:10,046 Byelorussia, as well as Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, 644 00:51:10,129 --> 00:51:12,423 Romania, and most of East Germany. 645 00:51:16,302 --> 00:51:19,097 What do you mean "impact?" 646 00:51:20,098 --> 00:51:22,684 For much of the area, a nearly permanent disruption 647 00:51:22,767 --> 00:51:24,477 of the food and water supply, 648 00:51:25,561 --> 00:51:28,398 a steep increase in the rates of cancer and birth defects. 649 00:51:28,481 --> 00:51:30,983 I don't know how many deaths there will be, but many. 650 00:51:31,901 --> 00:51:33,736 For Byelorussia and the Ukraine, 651 00:51:33,820 --> 00:51:36,489 "impact" means completely uninhabitable 652 00:51:36,572 --> 00:51:39,075 for a minimum of 100 years. 653 00:51:43,579 --> 00:51:46,916 There are more than 50 million people 654 00:51:46,999 --> 00:51:49,711 living in Byelorussia and Ukraine. 655 00:51:49,794 --> 00:51:51,754 Sixty, yes. 656 00:51:56,092 --> 00:51:57,844 And how long before this happens? 657 00:51:58,344 --> 00:52:00,722 Approximately 48 to 72 hours. 658 00:52:05,476 --> 00:52:07,729 But we may have a solution. 659 00:52:07,812 --> 00:52:09,772 We can pump the water from the tanks. 660 00:52:09,856 --> 00:52:13,025 Unfortunately, the tanks are sealed shut by a sluice gate, 661 00:52:13,109 --> 00:52:14,736 and the gate can only be opened 662 00:52:14,819 --> 00:52:16,779 manually from within the duct system itself. 663 00:52:16,863 --> 00:52:20,158 So, we need to find three plant workers 664 00:52:20,241 --> 00:52:22,660 who know the facility well enough to enter the basement, 665 00:52:22,744 --> 00:52:27,582 here, find their way through all these duct ways, 666 00:52:27,665 --> 00:52:30,042 get to the sluice gate valve here, 667 00:52:30,126 --> 00:52:34,380 and give us the access we need to pump out the tanks. 668 00:52:34,714 --> 00:52:37,341 Of course, we will need your permission. 669 00:52:37,633 --> 00:52:39,469 My permission for what? 670 00:52:39,552 --> 00:52:42,138 LEGASOV: Uh, the water in these ducts, 671 00:52:42,221 --> 00:52:45,016 the level of radioactive contamination... 672 00:52:45,099 --> 00:52:46,893 They'll likely be dead in a week. 673 00:52:49,228 --> 00:52:52,774 We're asking for your permission to kill three men. 674 00:53:00,907 --> 00:53:02,575 Well... 675 00:53:02,658 --> 00:53:05,828 Comrade Legasov, (CLEARS THROAT) 676 00:53:05,912 --> 00:53:08,581 All victories inevitably come at a cost. 677 00:54:03,636 --> 00:54:05,721 (WATER DRIPPING) 678 00:54:34,208 --> 00:54:37,253 And open the sluice gate valve, here. 679 00:54:38,045 --> 00:54:42,049 The valve will be difficult to operate, so we'll need three men 680 00:54:42,133 --> 00:54:45,720 who will need to know the basement layout. 681 00:54:45,803 --> 00:54:49,599 And, of course, any volunteers will be rewarded. 682 00:54:50,099 --> 00:54:53,436 A yearly stipend of 400 rubles. 683 00:55:00,401 --> 00:55:05,156 And, uh, for those of you working in reactors one and two, promotions. 684 00:55:05,239 --> 00:55:09,035 (CLEARS THROAT) Why are reactors one and two still operating at all? 685 00:55:09,577 --> 00:55:12,872 My friend was a security guard that night, and, uh, she's now dying. 686 00:55:13,456 --> 00:55:15,708 And we've all heard about the firemen. 687 00:55:15,791 --> 00:55:19,754 And now you want us to swim underneath a burning reactor? 688 00:55:20,421 --> 00:55:22,465 Do you even know how contaminated it is? 689 00:55:23,174 --> 00:55:24,175 (CLEARS THROAT) 690 00:55:24,800 --> 00:55:26,636 I don't have an exact number. 691 00:55:26,719 --> 00:55:29,931 You don't need an exact number to know if it will kill us. 692 00:55:30,014 --> 00:55:31,265 But you can't even tell us that. 693 00:55:33,392 --> 00:55:35,728 Why should we do this? For what, 400 rubles? 694 00:55:35,811 --> 00:55:37,438 (SOFT MURMURING) 695 00:55:39,357 --> 00:55:41,484 You'll do it because it must be done. 696 00:55:46,656 --> 00:55:49,200 You'll do it because nobody else can. 697 00:55:52,328 --> 00:55:55,915 And if you don't, millions will die. 698 00:55:57,166 --> 00:55:59,502 If you tell me that's not enough, I won't believe you. 699 00:56:01,337 --> 00:56:05,466 This is what has always set our people apart. 700 00:56:05,549 --> 00:56:08,469 A thousand years of sacrifice in our veins. 701 00:56:09,512 --> 00:56:11,973 And every generation must know its own suffering. 702 00:56:13,015 --> 00:56:16,102 I spit on the people who did this, 703 00:56:16,185 --> 00:56:18,104 and I curse the price I have to pay. 704 00:56:21,232 --> 00:56:25,194 But I'm making my peace with it, now you make yours. 705 00:56:25,736 --> 00:56:27,405 And go into that water. 706 00:56:29,949 --> 00:56:31,784 Because it must be done. 707 00:56:48,926 --> 00:56:50,386 Ananenko. 708 00:56:54,724 --> 00:56:56,183 Bezpalov. 709 00:57:01,147 --> 00:57:02,815 Baranov. 710 00:57:34,722 --> 00:57:36,515 (HELICOPTER WHIRRING NEARBY) 711 00:59:02,643 --> 00:59:04,061 (DOOR SHUTS) 712 00:59:07,982 --> 00:59:09,441 (MUFFLED GRUNTING) 713 00:59:13,154 --> 00:59:15,156 (DOSIMETER CRACKLING) 714 01:00:05,372 --> 01:00:07,499 (DOSIMETER CONTINUES CRACKLING) 715 01:00:22,097 --> 01:00:23,098 (MUFFLED GRUNT) 716 01:00:50,584 --> 01:00:52,628 (DOSIMETER's CRACKLING GROWS LOUDER) 717 01:01:12,564 --> 01:01:14,316 (WATER SLOSHING) 718 01:01:17,653 --> 01:01:19,697 -(RAPID CRACKLING) -(MUFFLED GASP) 719 01:01:20,447 --> 01:01:22,157 (WATER GUSHING) 720 01:01:24,118 --> 01:01:25,995 (GRUNTS URGENTLY) 721 01:01:32,167 --> 01:01:33,168 (GRUNTS) 722 01:01:37,006 --> 01:01:38,882 (ALL PANTING) 723 01:01:45,264 --> 01:01:46,265 (MUFFLED GRUNT) 724 01:01:47,641 --> 01:01:49,435 (WORRIED GRUNT) 725 01:01:49,518 --> 01:01:51,520 (DOSIMETER CRACKLING LOUDLY AND RAPIDLY) 726 01:01:52,021 --> 01:01:53,314 (TAPPING) 727 01:02:03,949 --> 01:02:06,201 -(PANTING) -(URGENT TAPPING) 728 01:02:06,285 --> 01:02:08,370 (LOUD AND RAPID CRACKLING CONTINUES) 729 01:02:10,205 --> 01:02:12,916 (RAPID AND HEAVY BREATHING) 54558

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