All language subtitles for American Genius ~ Colt vs Wesson-eng

On the ridge, rifles!

As a young nation,
the united states of america

hurtles from one
destructive war to the next.

With each new conflict, the
art of war changes and grows,

creating an opportunity

for men determined to
advance the state of weaponry.

Samuel Colt.

One of these guns is
not up to Colt standard.

Smith and Wesson.

What's this?

Our future.

The heated battle
to perfect the ultimate

instrument of combat...

a weapon that will change
how wars are fought,

and transform America.

The invention of the revolver.

COLT VS WESSON

AMERICAN GENIUS

Boy, i want you to be respectful
of everybody you meet on this ship.

You watch your back,
but you be respectful.

You understand me?

Well, here he is.

Nice strong worker
just like i told you.

A troublesome 16 year old boy
is being sent away from his home...

half a world away to calcutta, india.

His name is samuel colt.

Sam Colt came from a
kind of difficult background.

His mother died when he was 7.

He didn't take to
his formal studies,

but he liked taking things apart
and putting them back together again.

He also liked explosives.

He was kind of a prankster,

and it got him in a lot of trouble.

His father hopes that the
journey will teach colt responsibility

and that he will learn
a trade as a seaman.

But instead,

the trip fills samuel
colt with another inspiration.

Colt is fascinated by guns

and believes that there must
be a way to make them better.

In the early 19th century,
battles are fought with sabers

and single-shot muskets.

The world of guns is
ready for a revolution.

You had to
load it from the top of the gun

and you took a whole
cartridge which was powder,

the projectile and paper and
you would end up putting it

down the barrel with a rod.

So loading single-shot guns
weren't horribly efficient.

It would take you about a
minute or so to load three

shots if you were really good.

Colt has a breakthrough idea,

said to be inspired by
the wheel of a ship.

He sees that the mechanisms
that are used

to steer and control
these ships had ratchets,

and when they rotated the
wheel that it would cock,

and that these ratchets
would hold it in place.

Colt envisions a
firearm with a cylinder that

can turn after each shot and
lock, then be fired again,

multiple times.

It is the beginning
of the revolver.

PATERSON, NEW YERSEY

When colt returns to
the united states,

he's a young man
determined to turn his vision

into a reality.

Go on, take a shot.

But first, he needs money.

How about another?

My new revolver,
works the same way.

It always keeps you loaded.

This is going to
revolutionize the world.

He is the consummate salesman.

When sam colt would come
to you and ask for money,

he's so over the top and he's
such a unique personality,

it's going to completely win
over whoever he's asking.

Thanks to investments
from family and friends,

Colt is able to raise $230.000,

the equivalent of over
six million today,

and begins manufacturing his revolver.

So what do you think,
am I on to something?

There were bugs at first.

You don't want any chance
that if you pull the trigger

on a revolver more than
one bullet's gonna go off

at the same time,

or even blow up the cylinder.

But colt doesn't give up.

How's it coming along there, Jim?

Good?

Looks good.

He improves on his design.

And in 1836 is awarded a patent.

Leading to a .28 caliber
five shot repeating firearm

with a revolving cylinder,
the colt paterson.

And it's like nothing the
firearms industry has ever seen.

NORTHBOROUGH, MASSACHUSETTS

News of colt's invention
spreads quickly.

In nearby massachusetts,

another young man
is embarking on a career

that will put him on a
collision course with colt

and make them lifelong rivals.

His name is Daniel Wesson.

His whole life, Wesson
has been fascinated

by all things mechanical.

In 1842, he becomes an
apprentice to one of the

premier rifle craftsmen of the
day, his older brother, Edwin.

Daniel saw his brother
Edwin as his real hero,

as a man that he
could learn more from about

the skill of a machinist,
and learn how to make the

best firearms in america.

Like colt, edwin has been
developing a revolver of his own.

Look, your piece is handcrafted.

Perfection.

Holding that gun for daniel just
probably changed everything for him.

Looking at the
gun in his hands,

he saw the potential and he
saw the excitement of invention.

And ultimately it spawned everything
that he would invent.

But the wessons
are held back by one thing.

Sam Colt, well he's got the patent.

So he holds the market.

So if you want to get
into the revolver market,

you better come up with
something different.

Yet despite his exclusive patent,

Sam Colt's new revolver
is proving a tough sell.

Most lawmen and military
aren't willing to take a

chance on such a new
and untested design,

and colt's business
is struggling.

But some 2,000 miles away,

a new war is about to
change his fortunes.

In the new state of texas,
captain samuel walker and his

texas rangers are fighting
constant border battles

with the country of Mexico.

On the ridge!

Rifles!

For Walker and his men,

the time it takes to reload
and fire a gun is often the

difference between
life and death.

But walker has come into possession
of a new kind of weapon...

that could turn the tide of battle.

Sam Walker began experimenting
with how to use this,

it's like, "what do they got?
what is this secret weapon?

this is something we've
never seen before."

You don't have to have a single shot.

You don't have to load the
gun every time you fire.

You've got something that
you can load several rounds in.

The revolver is going to war.

Samuel colt has patented and
manufactured the first revolver.

Now, it's being tested
on the front lines.

The united states
is at war with mexico.

And the texas rangers now
have the weapon that could

turn the tide in their favor:
the Colt paterson revolver.

On the right, on the right!
Draw pistols!

For every shot the mexicans
fire with their standard rifles,

Walker's men can fire five.

It's the beginning of
a new era in warfare.

They were used to hearing
the one shot go off and then,

they all scramble to load and
then the next shot goes off,

but imagine then hearing...

It would have been incredibly
powerful and something to be

incredibly intimidated by.

Samuel Walker is determined

to get as many of the
new revolvers as he can.

PATERSON, NEW JERSEY

Even as the weapon's inventor
is on the verge of bankruptcy.

He was a has been,
he'd gone broke,

his family had invested in
him and lost everything.

I've got the
authority to buy guns.

I'm listening.

How many of those can
you deliver in five months?

Five months?

Hell, I can get you 10,000
in five months if the price is right.

Walker's order
is just what colt needs.

But the deal comes with a catch:

Walker wants Colt
to upgrade his revolver,

making it larger and giving
him 6 shots instead of 5,

with more power
to kill in a single round.

The revolver went through
the process of

user influence, influencing
both design and also the

practical use of the thing.

They tinkered with this invention.

Colt agrees to
make a new model.

But to produce
the massive order,

he knows he'll need help
from one of the best firearm

manufacturers in the country.

EDWIN WESSON'S RIFLE WORKS

- Edwin Wesson?
- Daniel.

My brother's away.

Samuel Colt.

If you wanna think
about this situation of

Sam Colt meeting Daniel
wesson for the first time,

you're meeting two totally
different characters.

You've got sam colt
who's just out there,

and you've got Daniel Wesson
who's a little bit reserved.

We're here about gun barrels.

Specifications to be decided,
but it's a military contract.

For rifles?

Handguns, we need
5000 in the next six months.

Can you handle that number?

5.000.

1.000 will do for now.

The Wesson name
is best known for rifles.

Now, working with Samuel Colt...

What if we moved this
back a quarter of an inch?

Edwin and Daniel are about
to enter the revolver business.

Using wesson barrels,
Colt develops a .44 caliber,

four pound,
nine ounce revolver.

There it is.

Named "The Walker,"
after the man who made it happen.

Increased the black
powder by sixty grains,

the barrel to nine inches.

The Wolt Walker is
a much heavier gun.

Heavier caliber than
colt's original invention.

But these texas rangers could
handle that type of firearm.

Many consider the walker revolver

the mightiest
handgun of its day,

with firepower that won't
be matched for 90 years,

until the release of
the .357 magnum.

With the start of the
mexican-american war,

the U.S. government purchases
1,000 Colt "Walker" pistols,

and colt's business soars.

EDWIN WESSON'S RIFLE WORKS

The success of the colt walker
has shown the future

of the firearms business.

Daniel and edwin wesson are
determined not to be left behind.

The Wessons have spent
years developing a revolver

of their own, one with
a cylinder that advances

every time the
hammer is pulled back.

And with colt's patent
about to expire,

they prepare to go
public with their design.

- You like it?
- Sure.

Edwin and Daniel Wesson
are ready to unveil the

next generation revolver
and take on Samuel Colt.

Samuel Colt's
colt-walker revolver has

helped the united states
win the mexican-american war.

The battlefield
will never be the same.

And neither will the business
of manufacturing guns.

Colt still holds a patent
on the revolver

and he continues to innovate.

In 1848, he unveils "the dragoon,"

named after the army
infantry unit that orders it.

The dragoon is an immediate
hit and the name colt becomes

synonymous with revolvers.

Sam Colt created a
brand around himself,

and so what he was
trying to establish there was

that he was the guy.

He was the brand.

When you saw him,
you thought "success".

But colt's most revolutionary
idea isn't in his new design.

It's in how he puts it together.

Samuel Colt will build his
next generation revolver

on one of the world's
first assembly lines.

The real genius of colt
wasn't just the revolver,

it was this incredible
system of manufacturing

and instead of these
instruments being made

by hand one at a time, they
would make batches and then

these parts would be cranked
out in such great numbers that

it really revolutionized
the manufacturing process.

Now, one of these guns
is not up to colt standard.

You choose.

Wrong, it's this one.

See the blemish?

I don't allow any
imperfections to leave my factory.

While colt begins mass
producing his dragoons,

Daniel and Edwin Wesson
are still making their guns

the old fashioned way, by hand.

The Wessons rely
on regular orders to keep

their business thriving.

But they also begin a limited
production run of a new revolver.

It's something that the brothers have
spent years working on together.

Daniel Wesson and his brother.

How it looks?

They're striving to make
something, the finest quality,

best shooting
firearm possible.

Samuel Colt's
patents are about to expire

and the Wessons have
everything they need to enter

the revolver business
with their design.

But Samuel Colt is fighting back.

Gentlemen, I give
you the official ruling.

"Any competitors will please
take notice and desist

forthwith from the sale
of any revolving firearms.

Except such as are made
by Colt, at hartford".

I shall proceed against
you and hold you liable for

damages if you persist in
the sale of any such arms.

Colt's patents are
extended for seven years,

allowing him to continue to
monopolize the revolver market.

For the Wesson brothers, who
poured a fortune into their

new gun, it is a
devastating setback.

Please excuse me.

No further
questions, gentlemen!

But an even deeper
blow is yet to come.

In january 1849,

Edwin Wesson dies suddenly
from a heart attack.

Daniel has lost a
brother he idolized,

the man who taught him everything
he knows about making guns,

his partner in a shared dream.

Daniel Wesson,
while an individual

and a brilliant mind
in his own right,

was really aided and helped
along the way by his brother.

Now his brother's gone.

The Wessons had borrowed heavily
to finance their new gun,

leaving daniel with a mountain
of debt he can't repay.

Daniel Wesson is left with
no choice but to sell the

company he and his brother
worked so hard to build.

I mean, this guy really took a hit.

His brother dies.

He loses the company.

He's really lost at this point.

It seems that Daniel
Wesson will never recover.

But he's about to meet a
man who will change his fate,

and help him create
one of the most famous names

in the gun world.

Horace Smith.

Daniel Wesson.

Samuel Colt is
more powerful than ever.

Demand for his revolver is growing

and his stranglehold over
the american gun industry

has forced his competition,
Daniel Wesson, out of business.

Following the death of his
brother and business partner,

Wesson is left with nothing.

But he refuses to give up the fight.

With colt's patents in place,
wesson has to come up with a

new idea if he's going to make
his mark in the gun business.

He brought whatever
mechanical knowledge he had

and he was always inspiring
to improve on the design

of a firearm, and always
looking for something to do.

To get around colt's patents,

Wesson focuses on how it fires.

In order to fire a lead ball,
Colt's revolver ignites black powder

by striking a percussion cap,

three separate pieces
for every shot.

But Wesson envisions another
way with all three steps,

combined into one package,
a self contained bullet.

Daniel Wesson's pride and joy

is the self contained
metallic cartridge,

which has never
been seen before.

That idea is a fire in his brain.

And he's going to
make that idea happen.

If Wesson can
turn his idea into a reality,

it will finally give him an
advantage over Samuel Colt.

But wesson isn't the
only one innovating.

Powder and ball in the front.

Primer in the back.

Reloading would be much faster.

One of Colt's employees, Rollin White,

approaches him with
a new innovation.

Rollin White came up with this idea
for a bored through cylinder

that would allow you to load the
firearm from the rear.

It's not something Colt had.

The fire from one
shot'll set off every chamber.

It's dangerous.

With an almost complete
monopoly on the revolver,

Colt isn't ready to take
a chance on something new.

My dad used to say there's
nothing as vulnerable

As entrenched success.

Sometimes if an enterprise
feels it has no real competition,

it becomes complacent.

And ultimately it can get
wiped out by a small upstart

that comes out with
a better product.

Rejected by colt,
rollin white takes his

groundbreaking idea to the
man who intends to be Colt's

biggest rival, Daniel Wesson.

What are you smiling at?

Your offer.

It's not even close
to what i had in mind.

You gonna
build the gun yourself?

You got a factory,
hidden away somewhere?

Let me give you a minute alone.

It was a very smart
power play move on

daniel wesson's part.

He got the mechanism.

All he had to do
was pay a royalty.

He got the win.

Wesson moves forward
with testing his new revolver,

but with his company
out of business,

he's still looking for a partner
to back him financially.

Looks like your
lever pens are too tight.

Alright, then you fix it.

Horace Smith.

Daniel Wesson.

Horace Smith is an
accomplished gunmaker

who's been looking to get
into the revolver business.

Nice shot, bulls eye.

Like Wesson,
Horace Smith is ambitious

and determined to beat Samuel Colt.

What's this?

Our future.

They become partners...

That's remarkable.

And one of the most iconic
names ingun making is born.

Daniel Wesson,
he had success on his own right,

but when he had
someone else with him,

it was just like magic.

Horace certainly filled a void and
helped propel Daniel Wesson's

ideas much further
than they may've gone

had the two never met.

Soon after the Smith &
Wesson company is formed,

Samuel Colt's patents on
the revolver finally expire.

Smith y Wesson can now
release their new revolver.

For the first time, Samuel
Colt is forced to compete on

an even playing ground,

Making him anxious to
find new customers.

Take a seat.

How can i be of service?

I'm here representing some gentlemen
that are dedicated to a cause.

As the 1850s draw to a close,

the southern states have
begun arming themselves,

preparing for a conflict
that seems to be inevitable.

Samuel Colt built his
business on the back

of the mexican-american war.

A new war would mean
enormous profits.

It's time for Samuel Colt
to decide where his loyalties lie.

The united states is
on the brink of a civil war.

For Samuel Colt,
it's a new chance to make

a fortune selling guns.

Colt has been supplying weapons
to the u.s. military for years.

But the military is about
to be split in two...

and turn on itself.

When you're
on the outbreak of war,

there's a really difficult
problem that arises from

firearms manufacturers.

And that is the balance
between loyalty

and being a good businessman.

In this case this is a war breaking
out in the United States

between the north and the south.

This isn't america and the other guy.

This is their home.

In 1860, Colt sells the
modern equivalent of more

than $3 million worth
of guns to the south.

It's a risky move for
a northern businessman.

Not far away, Smith and
Wesson face the same dilemma.

I was hoping for the discount
I was getting elsewhere.

Well I think we can
probably work something out

depending on the
size of the order.

We're not interested.

Let's continue
this conversation later.

We have a
reputation to maintain.

Smith and Wesson are
very different from

Samuel Colt, and so there's
a bit of a debate going on at

the onset of the civil war,

which is, how do we handle this?

We don't want to get in
trouble but we are businessmen.

And so they kind of decide
to take the safe route.

With war coming,

Smith and Wesson decide to
stop their sales to the south.

COLT MANUFACTURING CO.

COLT AIDING OUR ENEMIES

Is it true?

Northern newspapers accuse Colt
of being a confederate sympathizer

and worse, a traitor.

Sam Colt got into a lot
of trouble on the

eve of the civil war because
he also was believed to be

arming the south but
in fact Colt supplied arms

to both sides before the war.

After the war
began, that stopped.

As the civil
war begins in earnest,

Colt's reputation
has been destroyed.

So he devises a plan to prove
his loyalty to his country.

Let 'em come!

In 1861, at the age of 46,

Colt is named a colonel by
the state of Connecticut.

Hold still, let's get a shot of them.

And announces that
he will fight for the north,

leading a regiment
of 400 men into war.

As the civil war begins,

Samuel Colt has been named
a colonel by the state of Connecticut

and announces that
he'll lead over 400 men to war.

But Colt angers connecticut's
governor by demanding to

select his own recruits.

His regiment is disbanded
in less than two months.

And colt never sees
action in the war.

Colt's reputation remains
tarnished by the revelations

that he sold guns
to southern states.

With his regiment a failure,
he tries to redeem himself

by meeting the
union army's increasing

demand for weaponry.

In the process, he is
working himself to exhaustion.

Can I get you anything?

I'm fine.

Stay awhile.

Can you?

In 1862, Colt becomes ill.

He dies of gout at the age of 47,

having left an indelible
mark on american life.

He leaves his wife elizabeth
control of his company,

and a personal fortune
of $15 million,

the equivalent of over
$350 million today.

Elizabeth will have to
keep the business running,

even as the war rages on.

Wwo years later, the Colt
factory burns to the ground.

Some suspect arson at the
hands of confederate sympathizers.

The colt factory will be shuttered
For the rest of the war.

But Elizabeth Colt's
misfortune is Smith & Wesson's

big opportunity.

Opening a new facility,
Smith & Wesson thrive for the

duration of the war,

all the while improving their designs

and coming
up with new revolvers.

Smith & Wesson model 3.

Reloads in under thirty seconds.

Faster than a Colt.

Wanna try?

Smith & Wesson
realized that they needed a

better design, so right
after the civil war they

come up with this idea
for a new style revolver.

The u.s. army is now
armed with Smith & Wesson.

In the years before the civil war,

Smith & Wesson sold just
over 11,000 revolvers.

But between 1860 and 1868
they'd sell over 100,000.

Smith & Wesson will use
their success during the war

to build one of the
best-known brands in firearms.

And Elizabeth colt
will soon recover from the

devastating fire,
and continue to innovate,

eventually producing what
would become the most famous

Colt gun of them all.

The gun that would tame
the american west.

What d'you call her?

The Peacemaker.

UNION VICTORY!

PEACE!

When the civil war finally ends,

America has been transformed
in countless ways,

not least of which
is gun ownership.

Many of the soldiers come
home with a prized possession.

The civil war really marks
a turning point for

firearms in american
history for the revolver

and with mass production
really taking off,

people were able to
start buying revolvers.

It's really the birth
of a huge movement in

america with firearms.

People are still carrying
the revolver because it's a

reliable gun today.

But then you have a
legacy of personalities.

And rivalries and competition.

There was an intense rivalry
between Colt and Wesson.

They became entwined
in this crusade to

perfect these revolvers.

Their legacy isn't
just the invention.

The revolver
changed the world.

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