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00:00:59,959 --> 00:01:04,259
(INDISTINCT CHATTERING)
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00:01:16,876 --> 00:01:18,104
I think everyone is here.
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00:01:18,211 --> 00:01:21,009
If you'd all please take your seats,
we can get started.
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00:01:31,691 --> 00:01:35,559
George Fitch, Christmas Eve, Nanking,
China, 1937.
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00:01:36,663 --> 00:01:40,827
What I am about to relate is a story
which I feel must be told,
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00:01:40,934 --> 00:01:43,562
even if it is seen by only a few.
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00:01:43,670 --> 00:01:46,605
I cannot rest until I have told it and,
perhaps fortunately,
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00:01:46,706 --> 00:01:49,698
I am one of a very few
who are in a position to tell it.
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00:01:50,443 --> 00:01:53,310
It is not complete, only a part of the whole,
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00:01:54,881 --> 00:01:58,180
and God alone knows
when it will be finished.
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00:01:58,284 --> 00:02:00,081
I pray it may be soon,
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00:02:00,186 --> 00:02:04,680
but I am afraid it is going to go on
for many months to come.
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00:02:05,792 --> 00:02:09,193
I believe it has no parallel
in modern history.
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00:02:09,796 --> 00:02:13,732
Bob Wilson.
I was born and grew up here in China.
15
00:02:13,833 --> 00:02:15,664
My parents were both missionaries.
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00:02:16,436 --> 00:02:18,370
I went away to medical school at Harvard,
17
00:02:18,471 --> 00:02:21,736
but I came back here to live,
and practice medicine.
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00:02:21,841 --> 00:02:23,832
Nanking is my home.
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00:02:29,149 --> 00:02:33,381
Minnie Vautrin. Dean of Ginling
Women's College in Nanking.
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00:02:33,987 --> 00:02:38,583
I'm from Secor, Illinois,
a small farming town on the prairie.
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00:02:45,632 --> 00:02:47,327
John Rabe.
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00:02:47,433 --> 00:02:50,493
I moved to China from Hamburg
on business, over 30 years ago.
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00:02:51,137 --> 00:02:53,298
I married my childhood sweetheart
from Germany,
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00:02:53,406 --> 00:02:55,738
and we raised our two children here.
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00:02:55,842 --> 00:02:58,902
For the last six years, I've been director
of Siemens China company,
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00:02:59,012 --> 00:03:00,877
here in Nanking, the capital.
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00:03:02,549 --> 00:03:04,540
(CHINESE MUSIC PLAYING)
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(CHANG ZHI QIANG SPEAKING CHINESE)
29
00:03:54,767 --> 00:03:55,791
(WU ZHENG XI SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:04:13,152 --> 00:04:15,086
(CHANG ZHI QIANG SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:05:16,416 --> 00:05:17,610
(PEOPLE CLAMORING)
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00:05:17,717 --> 00:05:20,550
March of Time newsreel, August, 1937.
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00:05:21,321 --> 00:05:24,813
"Today, out of the Far East,
come grim messages of a new conflict."
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00:05:25,858 --> 00:05:29,089
" The gory chronicle of Japan's war
to crush all of China..."
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00:05:29,429 --> 00:05:32,660
REPORTER: and gain for herself
sole mastery of the Orient.
36
00:05:35,668 --> 00:05:38,569
Shanghai tastes war at its worst.
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For, in a war of today,
there is a new element:
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a fearsome, haphazard, modern fighting
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00:05:46,612 --> 00:05:51,174
that takes its toll on peaceful cities
and their non-combatant populations.
40
00:06:09,135 --> 00:06:10,124
(CHANG ZHI QIANG SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:06:24,817 --> 00:06:27,342
We always knew Japan wanted China.
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00:06:27,487 --> 00:06:30,820
I knew it since I was little.
My parents always said,
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00:06:30,923 --> 00:06:35,724
"Japan wants to conquer China because
we have all the land and all the wealth."
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00:06:35,828 --> 00:06:37,887
And we were right next door.
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00:06:38,231 --> 00:06:39,198
(WANG WEN YU SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:06:49,976 --> 00:06:51,967
Everywhere, dugouts can be seen.
47
00:06:53,179 --> 00:06:56,444
In some places,
they are as close as every 200 feet.
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00:06:57,517 --> 00:06:59,041
VAUTRIN: Just as you would show
your rose garden
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00:06:59,152 --> 00:07:00,517
to your friends when they call,
50
00:07:00,620 --> 00:07:01,678
now it's customary
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00:07:01,788 --> 00:07:05,656
to take your friends to your trenches
and caves, to ask their opinion.
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00:07:18,271 --> 00:07:19,295
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:07:20,206 --> 00:07:21,571
(SIRENS BLARING)
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00:07:27,814 --> 00:07:30,783
(SIRENS BLARING)
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00:07:44,931 --> 00:07:46,899
Today, we had a genuine thrill.
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00:07:47,200 --> 00:07:50,260
The first air raid
that any of us had ever experienced.
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It probably won't be the last.
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00:07:52,939 --> 00:07:53,906
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:08:25,905 --> 00:08:27,065
(IMITATING GUN FIRING)
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00:08:32,645 --> 00:08:35,170
(IMITATING PLANE ENGINE)
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00:08:35,848 --> 00:08:36,940
(IMITATING BOMB EXPLOSION)
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00:08:38,851 --> 00:08:40,546
(SCREAMING)
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00:10:24,991 --> 00:10:28,256
During the worst of the bombing,
on the 19th and 20th of September,
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00:10:28,861 --> 00:10:31,352
I sat with my Chinese
in our homemade dugout,
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00:10:31,464 --> 00:10:32,897
which is certainly not bomb-proof,
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00:10:32,999 --> 00:10:36,594
but at least provides protection
against shrapnel and bomb fragments.
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00:10:37,236 --> 00:10:40,603
Out in the garden, we've also spread
a 20-by-20-foot piece of canvas,
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00:10:40,706 --> 00:10:42,901
with a swastika painted on it.
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00:10:43,676 --> 00:10:45,337
In the long hours
of crouching in the dugout,
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00:10:45,444 --> 00:10:47,912
during the recent bombardment,
I turned on Radio Shanghai
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00:10:48,014 --> 00:10:50,778
to take my mind off things
with a little music.
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00:10:50,883 --> 00:10:53,875
And they were playing
Beethoven's "Funeral March"!
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00:10:53,986 --> 00:10:57,285
Then, to make matters worse,
they announced to their listeners,
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00:10:57,390 --> 00:11:01,918
"This music is kindly dedicated to you
by the Shanghai Funeral Directors."
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00:11:03,329 --> 00:11:07,459
VAUTRIN: Most of the shops
on the business streets are locked,
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00:11:07,566 --> 00:11:10,467
and the city has a deserted and forlorn look.
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00:11:10,903 --> 00:11:15,067
The glances cast at me as much as say,
"What? Are you still here?"
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00:11:17,843 --> 00:11:21,609
WILSON: September 25th.
This has been a terrible day.
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00:11:22,548 --> 00:11:24,812
Bombs seem to be raining around.
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00:11:24,917 --> 00:11:29,286
Nanking was subjected
to three terrific air raids.
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00:11:29,388 --> 00:11:33,017
The count of raids and alarms
has now risen to 39.
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00:11:33,125 --> 00:11:36,686
Gallons of civilian blood flowed today.
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00:12:11,197 --> 00:12:14,428
Under such circumstances, can I...
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00:12:15,668 --> 00:12:17,693
May I cut and run?
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00:12:18,871 --> 00:12:20,668
I don't think so.
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00:12:21,440 --> 00:12:25,604
Anyone who has ever sat in the dugout and
held a trembling Chinese child in each hand
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00:12:25,711 --> 00:12:29,579
through the long hours of an air raid
can understand what I feel.
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00:12:30,116 --> 00:12:34,075
The rich are fleeing.
The poor remain behind.
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00:12:34,186 --> 00:12:38,054
They don't know where to go.
They don't have the means to flee.
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00:12:38,257 --> 00:12:41,693
Aren't they in danger
of being slaughtered in great numbers?
91
00:12:41,794 --> 00:12:44,592
Shouldn't one make
an attempt to help them?
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00:12:44,897 --> 00:12:47,263
There's a question of morality here.
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00:12:47,366 --> 00:12:50,062
And, so far,
I haven't been able to sidestep it.
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00:12:51,871 --> 00:12:52,838
(CHANG ZHI QIANG SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:13:12,792 --> 00:13:16,751
Tuesday evening, we took our entire
hospital staff to Shokwan Station,
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00:13:16,862 --> 00:13:20,229
where about 1,200 Chinese soldiers
lay around.
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00:13:20,866 --> 00:13:23,926
VAUTRIN: We found the soldiers
scattered thickly at the station.
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00:13:24,036 --> 00:13:26,368
Some men were in great agony.
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00:13:26,472 --> 00:13:29,999
One of the men had his leg shot off
up near the hip.
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00:13:31,243 --> 00:13:32,972
The wound had not been attended.
101
00:13:33,078 --> 00:13:37,515
The odor of his flesh,
I can never, never forget.
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00:13:37,616 --> 00:13:40,744
When I reached home,
I first washed with Lysol, and then soap,
103
00:13:40,853 --> 00:13:42,548
but the odor still remained.
104
00:13:42,655 --> 00:13:46,056
I used cold cream,
and then later perfume, but...
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00:13:46,158 --> 00:13:49,025
All day today, I am still conscious of it.
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00:13:49,495 --> 00:13:50,462
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:14:10,616 --> 00:14:14,518
At 9:00 p.m., a letter came
by special messenger from the Embassy.
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00:14:14,620 --> 00:14:17,612
They are asking all men and women
to evacuate Nanking.
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00:14:18,791 --> 00:14:21,487
It was a very clear, emphatic statement.
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00:14:28,033 --> 00:14:30,001
REPORTER: Standing offshore
from the doomed city is
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00:14:30,102 --> 00:14:33,435
the United States gunboat Panay
of the Yangtze Patrol.
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00:14:33,539 --> 00:14:36,702
Fleeing from the beleaguered city,
a number of Americans and others
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00:14:36,809 --> 00:14:40,040
arrive at the riverside,
hoping to get aboard the Panay.
114
00:14:40,145 --> 00:14:44,343
Diplomats representing the United States
government pack important state papers
115
00:14:44,450 --> 00:14:49,114
and head for the Panay in cars prominently
marked with the American colors.
116
00:14:50,389 --> 00:14:53,290
I personally feel that I cannot leave.
117
00:14:53,392 --> 00:14:55,826
Men are not asked to leave their ships
when they are in danger,
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00:14:55,928 --> 00:14:58,590
and women are not asked
to leave their children.
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00:14:58,998 --> 00:15:02,593
If Americans leave,
a great many of the Chinese would go, also.
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00:15:02,902 --> 00:15:07,305
The hospital would have to close,
or be operated by military authorities.
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00:15:09,041 --> 00:15:13,307
One can't help feeling that leaving right now
would be passing up an opportunity
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00:15:13,412 --> 00:15:16,939
for service of the highest kind.
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00:15:36,135 --> 00:15:37,102
(CHANG ZHI QIANG SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:15:57,456 --> 00:16:00,357
At 1:30 this afternoon,
I drove to Zhongshan Wharf.
125
00:16:02,561 --> 00:16:05,428
After a brief goodbye to the passengers,
I take the launch,
126
00:16:05,531 --> 00:16:08,659
which is honking impatiently now,
back to Shokwan.
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00:16:10,336 --> 00:16:12,304
My last bridge is burned.
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00:16:20,612 --> 00:16:23,911
WILSON: The city
is practically deserted now,
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00:16:24,016 --> 00:16:27,508
except for the poor,
who have no place to go.
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00:16:34,660 --> 00:16:38,619
This morning, after the service began,
the warning siren sounded.
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00:16:39,031 --> 00:16:41,659
The pastor asked,
"Shall we continue, or go to a dugout?"
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00:16:41,767 --> 00:16:45,726
One man said, "Continue." And we did so.
133
00:16:45,838 --> 00:16:48,932
Life is real. Life is earnest these days.
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00:16:50,042 --> 00:16:53,170
Slowly, the heavy bombers drew near.
135
00:16:53,278 --> 00:16:56,975
When the bombing could be plainly heard
inside the city,
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00:16:57,316 --> 00:17:02,049
the pastor stopped preaching,
and asked us all to pray silently for peace.
137
00:17:11,630 --> 00:17:12,597
(WANG WEN YU SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:17:24,476 --> 00:17:27,775
The Chinese appear to regard Shanghai
as the main theater of war,
139
00:17:27,880 --> 00:17:30,508
because Shanghai protects Nanking.
140
00:17:31,683 --> 00:17:33,207
But for how long?
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00:17:36,588 --> 00:17:38,647
REPORTER: Smoke-filled skies
signal to the world
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00:17:38,757 --> 00:17:41,749
the final chapter
of the greatest war drama yet filmed.
143
00:17:44,830 --> 00:17:46,627
The actual fall of Shanghai!
144
00:18:04,516 --> 00:18:05,483
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:18:55,434 --> 00:18:57,698
SAKAI HIROSHI: At 10:00 a.m.,
the order came.
146
00:18:58,437 --> 00:19:00,530
"Regiment is to pursue enemy
towards Nanking."
147
00:19:01,373 --> 00:19:03,568
"All troops have to be ready immediately."
148
00:19:11,116 --> 00:19:13,516
General Matsui said Nanking
is the capital of China,
149
00:19:13,619 --> 00:19:16,850
and our capturing of it
will be an international event.
150
00:19:16,955 --> 00:19:21,756
With General Matsui's principle in mind,
we began immediately to make our plans.
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00:19:22,728 --> 00:19:25,060
STAGE MANAGER: From the Tokyo
Nichi-Nichi newspaper,
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00:19:25,164 --> 00:19:27,029
reported on the road to Nanking.
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00:19:27,132 --> 00:19:28,724
"There are two
young commissioned officers
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00:19:28,834 --> 00:19:32,167
"who have undertaken a contest
to cut down a hundred with their swords.
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00:19:33,038 --> 00:19:37,941
" It is said that one man has already killed
56 men and the other has killed 25.
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00:19:38,043 --> 00:19:40,511
" When we reporters came upon
the two of them conferring,
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00:19:40,612 --> 00:19:43,376
"second lieutenant Mukai said,
'With things going like this,
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00:19:43,482 --> 00:19:47,714
"'I'll probably cut down 100 by the time
we reach Danyang, never mind Nanking.
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00:19:47,819 --> 00:19:50,379
"'You're going to lose.
My sword has killed 55,
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00:19:50,489 --> 00:19:51,854
"'and it's only got one little nick on it.'
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00:19:52,758 --> 00:19:54,385
"Second lieutenant Noda responded,
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00:19:54,493 --> 00:19:58,589
"'By the time you're in Danyang, I'll show
you what kind of a record I can rack up.'"
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00:20:00,465 --> 00:20:02,956
HIROSHI: Every time we seize a village
on the way to Nanking,
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00:20:03,068 --> 00:20:04,968
newly-commissioned officers
will test their swords
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00:20:05,070 --> 00:20:07,231
on the defeated Chinese soldiers.
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00:20:07,339 --> 00:20:09,864
When you behead someone,
you need to use a strong stroke,
167
00:20:09,975 --> 00:20:13,604
so you raise the sword high,
and bring it down with force.
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00:20:14,146 --> 00:20:18,048
The head falls, and blood flies straight up
like a red pillar of fire.
169
00:20:18,684 --> 00:20:22,677
There's an officer I know
who always bragged about killing people.
170
00:20:22,788 --> 00:20:24,449
He would tie their wrists
and ankles with rope
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00:20:24,556 --> 00:20:28,492
so that the person to be beheaded
won't be able to stand or stretch his legs.
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00:20:29,428 --> 00:20:31,419
Everyone copied his style.
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00:20:31,730 --> 00:20:32,719
(NI CUI PING SPEAKING CHINESE)
174
00:20:51,850 --> 00:20:53,750
Tonight's news, none too good.
175
00:20:55,287 --> 00:20:58,552
Conditions look bad. Rumors and unrest.
176
00:20:59,691 --> 00:21:03,286
Word is, the Japanese are approaching
from three directions.
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00:21:05,264 --> 00:21:06,253
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
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00:21:26,785 --> 00:21:27,809
VAUTRIN: Over and over again,
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00:21:27,919 --> 00:21:31,878
I am struck by the similarity
of Jesus' day and today in China.
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00:21:32,391 --> 00:21:35,952
Three other missionaries and I
spent an hour and a half today
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00:21:36,061 --> 00:21:39,827
trying to see what Christians
can do in this present situation.
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00:21:40,332 --> 00:21:43,768
Are we to stand by hopelessly,
or is there something we can do?
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00:21:43,869 --> 00:21:45,666
And if so, what?
184
00:21:52,778 --> 00:21:55,406
FITCH: Telegram we sent
to the Japanese Ambassador.
185
00:21:55,514 --> 00:21:58,642
"An international committee
composed of nationals of Denmark,
186
00:21:58,817 --> 00:22:00,944
"Germany, Great Britain,
and the United States
187
00:22:01,420 --> 00:22:04,150
"desires to suggest
to the Chinese and Japanese authorities
188
00:22:04,256 --> 00:22:09,421
"the establishment of a Safety Zone
for civilian refugees at or near Nanking.
189
00:22:09,761 --> 00:22:12,025
"The committee would respectfully request
a prompt reply
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00:22:12,130 --> 00:22:14,394
"from the Japanese authorities
to this proposal."
191
00:22:14,833 --> 00:22:17,097
We will bear tremendous responsibility
192
00:22:17,202 --> 00:22:21,366
if we first order the remaining populace
of Nanking into the neutral zone
193
00:22:21,473 --> 00:22:24,499
and then later are turned down
by the Japanese.
194
00:22:25,077 --> 00:22:28,774
To our surprise, the big-hearted German
who we'd elected chairman
195
00:22:28,880 --> 00:22:31,110
turned out to be
the National-Socialist leader here.
196
00:22:31,683 --> 00:22:34,277
I continue to hope that Hitler will help us.
197
00:22:34,720 --> 00:22:38,315
He has deep sympathy,
not only for the distress of his own people,
198
00:22:38,423 --> 00:22:40,516
but for the anguish of the Chinese as well.
199
00:22:40,625 --> 00:22:43,890
So now, it turns out that the burden of work
is to be carried out
200
00:22:43,995 --> 00:22:48,625
by a group of American missionaries
and a group of German Nazi businessmen.
201
00:22:49,935 --> 00:22:52,870
VAUTRIN: At 2:30,
as I walked down Shanghai Road,
202
00:22:52,971 --> 00:22:58,136
again and again, I met groups of women
and children in search of the Safety Zone.
203
00:22:58,410 --> 00:23:02,676
I told them that it was not yet certain,
but when it was, they would be notified.
204
00:23:03,382 --> 00:23:05,850
The Safety Zone is not yet assured.
205
00:23:07,185 --> 00:23:09,779
STAGE MANAGER: Telegram
to the United States Embassy.
206
00:23:09,888 --> 00:23:13,085
"Japanese authorities
have duly noted request for a Safety Zone
207
00:23:13,191 --> 00:23:15,056
"but regret cannot grant it."
208
00:23:15,360 --> 00:23:19,797
According to radio reports, London regards
this reply as a flat-out refusal.
209
00:23:20,699 --> 00:23:23,031
We're of a different opinion here.
210
00:23:23,135 --> 00:23:26,195
Their answer is cleverly couched
in diplomatic terms,
211
00:23:26,304 --> 00:23:28,204
leaving a back door open.
212
00:23:50,162 --> 00:23:54,997
Mayor Ma virtually turned over to us
administrative responsibilities for the Zone,
213
00:23:55,100 --> 00:23:57,796
along with a police force of 450 men,
214
00:23:57,903 --> 00:24:02,840
2,000 tons of rice, 10,000 bags of flour,
and some salt.
215
00:24:05,577 --> 00:24:07,670
RABE: Since Mayor Ma
left Nanking yesterday,
216
00:24:07,779 --> 00:24:11,340
and since the committee is forced to deal
with all the administrative problems
217
00:24:11,450 --> 00:24:13,941
and workings inside our Safety Zone,
218
00:24:14,052 --> 00:24:18,716
I've, in face of this, become something
very like an acting mayor.
219
00:24:18,824 --> 00:24:21,019
Enough to give you a fit, Rabe.
220
00:24:22,694 --> 00:24:25,857
WILSON: The Japanese are now nearing
the halfway mark from Shanghai
221
00:24:25,964 --> 00:24:29,127
and we have already heard
the rumble of big guns.
222
00:24:30,569 --> 00:24:31,536
(CHANG ZHI QIANG SPEAKING CHINESE)
223
00:24:48,119 --> 00:24:50,144
RABE: Thousands of refugees are fleeing
224
00:24:50,255 --> 00:24:53,247
into our so-called Safety Zone
from all directions.
225
00:24:53,892 --> 00:24:57,350
The sight of the poorest of the poor
wandering aimlessly in the streets
226
00:24:57,462 --> 00:24:59,191
is enough to make you weep.
227
00:25:00,232 --> 00:25:03,724
As it grows dark, some families,
unable to find shelter anywhere,
228
00:25:03,835 --> 00:25:07,271
stretch out to sleep
in nooks and alcoves of buildings,
229
00:25:07,372 --> 00:25:10,967
or simply on the street, despite the cold.
230
00:25:12,277 --> 00:25:15,075
We are working feverishly
to develop the Zone.
231
00:25:15,180 --> 00:25:16,169
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
232
00:25:28,927 --> 00:25:29,894
(DING YONG JING SPEAKING CHINESE)
233
00:25:55,887 --> 00:25:58,549
WILSON: Around us here,
we now have thousands of poor people
234
00:25:58,657 --> 00:26:01,023
crowded into all the available buildings.
235
00:26:01,159 --> 00:26:03,923
What will happen to them
is mere conjecture.
236
00:26:04,996 --> 00:26:07,055
The Zone is all marked
with flags and banners,
237
00:26:07,165 --> 00:26:10,032
and so far,
the Japanese have not bombed it.
238
00:26:10,468 --> 00:26:13,437
We still have hopes
that even if they do not recognize it,
239
00:26:13,538 --> 00:26:14,971
they might respect it.
240
00:26:15,073 --> 00:26:19,373
If they do, it will mean the saving
of thousands of lives of poor people.
241
00:26:25,317 --> 00:26:28,775
Five air raids on Monday
and one on Tuesday.
242
00:26:28,887 --> 00:26:31,082
I'm writing this during our sixty-first.
243
00:26:32,023 --> 00:26:33,923
VAUTRIN: Tonight,
the flames are lighting the sky
244
00:26:34,025 --> 00:26:36,255
above the whole
southwest corner of the city.
245
00:26:37,128 --> 00:26:39,688
And in the afternoon,
we had seen clouds of smoke
246
00:26:39,798 --> 00:26:42,358
rising in every direction, save northwest.
247
00:26:46,004 --> 00:26:50,873
WILSON: It is quite a sensation to be
the only surgeon in a big, war-torn city.
248
00:26:52,510 --> 00:26:54,978
How can we leave the sick patients?
249
00:26:58,883 --> 00:27:03,013
The Japs have now reached a point
about 25 miles from the city.
250
00:27:03,121 --> 00:27:07,148
Gunfire could be heard.
It won't be long now.
251
00:27:08,526 --> 00:27:11,723
RABE: The city gates
are to be closed tomorrow.
252
00:27:11,830 --> 00:27:13,491
I sent a telegram to Siemens today,
253
00:27:13,598 --> 00:27:17,762
asking them to pay up any
life insurance premiums that may be due.
254
00:27:18,937 --> 00:27:23,135
If I were to say I was not afraid, I'd be lying.
255
00:27:24,976 --> 00:27:27,536
REPORTER: The swift Japanese
advance on the national capital
256
00:27:27,746 --> 00:27:30,476
make the vicinity of Nanking
a place of danger.
257
00:27:30,682 --> 00:27:34,516
The Nipponese invaders strike westward
with incredible speed.
258
00:27:34,619 --> 00:27:39,352
The defenders bravely ignore a Japanese
ultimatum calling on them to surrender.
259
00:27:45,897 --> 00:27:48,627
WILSON: If you're getting the same sort
of radio reports that we are,
260
00:27:48,733 --> 00:27:51,930
you are undoubtedly alarmed
for our safety here.
261
00:27:53,038 --> 00:27:55,506
We're a little concerned ourselves.
262
00:27:59,544 --> 00:28:02,945
Today's air raid brings our tally to 114.
263
00:28:07,619 --> 00:28:09,211
The tally must come to a close,
264
00:28:09,320 --> 00:28:12,983
as today was one long air raid,
from morning till night.
265
00:28:15,193 --> 00:28:19,323
I am writing this to the tune of big guns,
just outside of the city.
266
00:28:21,700 --> 00:28:25,727
Japanese advance guards
have reached the walls in several places.
267
00:28:29,007 --> 00:28:31,567
Until about 1:00 p.m., December 10th,
268
00:28:31,676 --> 00:28:34,372
General Asaka and I had been waiting
outside of Zhongshan Gate
269
00:28:34,479 --> 00:28:38,074
for the bearer of the flag of truce
from the Chinese army.
270
00:28:42,053 --> 00:28:43,782
However, he never came.
271
00:28:43,888 --> 00:28:45,981
For that reason, from about 2:00 p.m.,
272
00:28:46,091 --> 00:28:48,889
a general attack
was commenced against Nanking.
273
00:28:50,195 --> 00:28:51,628
(GUNS FIRING)
274
00:28:59,771 --> 00:29:03,298
Shells from Japanese guns
commenced falling inside the city walls,
275
00:29:03,408 --> 00:29:05,035
and I went outside to watch them.
276
00:29:05,143 --> 00:29:06,633
They formed a perfect pattern,
277
00:29:06,745 --> 00:29:11,978
the explosions advancing in regular rows
about 25 yards every half-minute.
278
00:29:14,586 --> 00:29:18,613
They were coming from outside
the South Gate, directly towards me.
279
00:29:22,427 --> 00:29:25,590
Uninterrupted artillery fire
from Purple Mountain.
280
00:29:25,930 --> 00:29:29,832
Thunder and lightning around the hill.
And suddenly, the whole hill is in flames.
281
00:29:36,407 --> 00:29:38,307
An old adage says,
282
00:29:38,843 --> 00:29:42,609
"When Purple Mountain burns,
Nanking is lost."
283
00:29:45,483 --> 00:29:47,610
(CHINESE MUSIC PLAYING)
284
00:29:53,124 --> 00:29:54,557
JOHN MAGEE: December 13th.
285
00:29:54,659 --> 00:29:57,219
I was in the middle of my service
when the telephone rang,
286
00:29:57,328 --> 00:29:58,955
and I answered it.
287
00:30:00,098 --> 00:30:02,692
I was asked to immediately go to the
Zone committee's headquarters.
288
00:30:03,101 --> 00:30:05,467
The Japanese had broken into the city.
289
00:30:07,272 --> 00:30:08,830
FITCH: The wall had been breached,
290
00:30:08,940 --> 00:30:11,431
and the damage to the southern part
of the city was tremendous.
291
00:30:11,543 --> 00:30:14,603
No one will ever know
what the Chinese casualties were,
292
00:30:14,712 --> 00:30:16,577
but they must have been enormous.
293
00:30:16,681 --> 00:30:18,672
Soldiers streamed
through the city from the south,
294
00:30:18,783 --> 00:30:20,774
many of them passing through the Zone.
295
00:30:27,759 --> 00:30:28,726
(CHANG ZHI QIANG SPEAKING CHINESE)
296
00:31:55,813 --> 00:31:57,007
(SNIFFLING)
297
00:34:56,227 --> 00:34:58,991
CHANG YU ZHENG: In the morning,
the fresh-blood-colored flags
298
00:34:59,097 --> 00:35:01,759
of the Rising Sun were fluttering everywhere,
299
00:35:01,866 --> 00:35:06,860
each proclaiming, with its red symbol,
the freshly spilled blood of Nanking.
300
00:35:11,676 --> 00:35:13,371
VAUTRIN: Three dangers are past:
301
00:35:13,478 --> 00:35:17,175
that of looting soldiers,
bombing from airplanes,
302
00:35:17,281 --> 00:35:20,842
and shelling from big guns.
But the fourth is still before us:
303
00:35:21,119 --> 00:35:24,247
our fate at the hands of a victorious army.
304
00:35:28,726 --> 00:35:29,715
(SPEAKING JAPANESE)
305
00:36:02,527 --> 00:36:03,516
(NI CUI PING SPEAKING CHINESE)
306
00:36:21,445 --> 00:36:25,939
RABE: It's not until we tour the city
that we learn the extent of the destruction.
307
00:36:26,050 --> 00:36:29,611
We come across corpses
every 100 or 200 yards.
308
00:36:30,054 --> 00:36:34,286
The bodies of civilians that I examined
had bullet holes in their backs.
309
00:36:34,392 --> 00:36:38,886
These people had presumably been fleeing,
and were shot from behind.
310
00:36:41,299 --> 00:36:42,288
(XIA SHU QIN SPEAKING CHINESE)
311
00:38:12,857 --> 00:38:15,655
From 8:30 this morning
until 6:00 this evening,
312
00:38:15,760 --> 00:38:20,220
I stood at the front gate of Ginling College,
as the refugees poured in.
313
00:38:20,331 --> 00:38:23,596
They'd disguised themselves
in every possible way.
314
00:38:24,001 --> 00:38:27,960
Many had cut their hair,
most of them had blackened their faces.
315
00:38:28,739 --> 00:38:33,403
Many were wearing men or boys' clothing,
or even that of old women.
316
00:38:33,644 --> 00:38:34,611
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
317
00:38:51,128 --> 00:38:53,858
VAUTRIN: Nanking has no lights, no water,
no telephone,
318
00:38:53,964 --> 00:38:56,933
no telegraph, no city paper, no radio!
319
00:38:58,169 --> 00:39:02,629
We are indeed separated from all of you
by an impenetrable zone.
320
00:39:03,641 --> 00:39:07,270
RABE: The Japanese march through the city
in groups of 10 to 20 soldiers
321
00:39:07,378 --> 00:39:09,073
and loot the shops.
322
00:39:09,180 --> 00:39:13,014
They smash open windows and doors,
and take whatever they like.
323
00:39:13,117 --> 00:39:15,312
We ran across a group
of 200 Chinese workers
324
00:39:15,419 --> 00:39:19,253
whom Japanese soldiers have picked up
off the streets of the Safety Zone,
325
00:39:19,357 --> 00:39:23,555
and after having been tied up
are now being driven out of the city.
326
00:39:25,229 --> 00:39:27,754
WILSON: At the last moment,
thousands of Chinese soldiers
327
00:39:27,865 --> 00:39:29,958
threw away their uniforms and equipment,
328
00:39:30,067 --> 00:39:32,900
looted civilian clothes,
and crowded into the Zone.
329
00:39:34,238 --> 00:39:37,401
I had made up my mind
to bury the Chinese soldiers' clothes.
330
00:39:37,575 --> 00:39:40,703
They had been thrown
onto the campus by the fleeing soldiers.
331
00:39:40,811 --> 00:39:44,679
But when I got to the carpenter's shop
I could see that the gardeners were wiser.
332
00:39:44,782 --> 00:39:48,047
They had burned them,
and thrown the grenades into a pond.
333
00:39:50,521 --> 00:39:52,386
SMYTHE: At headquarters,
we found a mob of men
334
00:39:52,490 --> 00:39:54,481
outside that had been disarmed.
335
00:39:54,925 --> 00:39:56,756
About 1,300 in all.
336
00:39:58,462 --> 00:40:01,363
We argued the Japanese
would not shoot disarmed men.
337
00:40:01,465 --> 00:40:04,628
So we went to our staff conference
quite relieved.
338
00:40:05,069 --> 00:40:08,038
FITCH: We knew that there were a number
of ex-soldiers among them.
339
00:40:08,139 --> 00:40:09,970
But Rabe had been promised by an officer
340
00:40:10,074 --> 00:40:12,599
that very afternoon
that their lives would be spared.
341
00:40:12,910 --> 00:40:14,901
But in a half-hour, we were called back.
342
00:40:15,146 --> 00:40:17,444
The Japanese had come back for them.
343
00:40:17,548 --> 00:40:21,348
FITCH: The men were lined up
and roped together in groups of about 100
344
00:40:21,452 --> 00:40:24,285
by Japanese soldiers with bayonets fixed.
345
00:40:27,191 --> 00:40:28,180
(DING GUO YONG SPEAKING CHINESE)
346
00:40:35,433 --> 00:40:39,267
I tried for hours to prevent the Japanese
from marching these men out for execution.
347
00:40:40,771 --> 00:40:42,136
But I failed.
348
00:40:46,477 --> 00:40:50,880
By the light of our headlights,
we watched them march away to their doom.
349
00:40:52,216 --> 00:40:55,344
Not a whimper came from the entire throng.
350
00:40:56,520 --> 00:40:58,511
Our own hearts were lead.
351
00:41:00,724 --> 00:41:02,385
MILLS McCALLUM: During this time,
we really felt
352
00:41:02,493 --> 00:41:05,257
that we were contending
with the powers of evil.
353
00:41:06,130 --> 00:41:09,190
This memory will remain with me forever.
354
00:41:10,801 --> 00:41:13,634
We could do nothing to avert this tragedy.
355
00:41:16,006 --> 00:41:19,407
STAGE MANAGER:
Japanese 6th Brigade Operation Order 138.
356
00:41:19,510 --> 00:41:22,604
" Since the defeated enemy soldiers
are believed to be in plain clothes,
357
00:41:22,713 --> 00:41:26,308
"you must arrest any person
who is suspected of being so.
358
00:41:26,417 --> 00:41:30,547
"Regard every adult man up to middle age
as a plain-clothes soldier."
359
00:41:31,155 --> 00:41:34,147
There is no system.
Soldiers seize anyone they suspect.
360
00:41:34,258 --> 00:41:37,022
Calluses on hands
are proof the man is a soldier.
361
00:41:37,127 --> 00:41:41,359
Rickshaw coolies, carpenters,
and other laborers are frequently taken.
362
00:41:41,866 --> 00:41:42,833
(WU ZHENG XI SPEAKING CHINESE)
363
00:42:35,019 --> 00:42:38,420
I took moving pictures of a group
of about 70 or so Chinese men
364
00:42:38,522 --> 00:42:39,716
being gathered on the road.
365
00:42:40,024 --> 00:42:43,357
And in the picture, the women are kneeling
before the Japanese,
366
00:42:43,460 --> 00:42:45,291
begging for their menfolk.
367
00:42:54,772 --> 00:42:56,103
(LUO ZHONG YANG SPEAKING CHINESE)
368
00:43:27,371 --> 00:43:28,360
(SPEAKING JAPANESE)
369
00:43:50,628 --> 00:43:51,595
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
370
00:45:16,513 --> 00:45:20,472
How many thousands
were mown down by guns? Or bayoneted?
371
00:45:20,584 --> 00:45:22,711
We shall probably never know.
372
00:45:22,820 --> 00:45:25,653
But in many cases,
oil was thrown over the bodies,
373
00:45:25,756 --> 00:45:27,656
and they were burned.
374
00:45:27,758 --> 00:45:31,592
Charred bones tell the story
of many of those tragedies.
375
00:45:39,403 --> 00:45:40,392
(SPEAKING JAPANESE)
376
00:47:49,433 --> 00:47:53,392
Some Japanese soldiers
were fierce and unreasonable.
377
00:47:53,503 --> 00:47:57,701
And many of them
had their bayonets ready for use.
378
00:47:57,808 --> 00:48:01,869
And on not a few of them,
I saw fresh bloodstains.
379
00:48:02,045 --> 00:48:03,012
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
380
00:48:40,584 --> 00:48:44,076
There seems to be no stop
to the ferocity of the brutes.
381
00:48:45,055 --> 00:48:49,458
At first I tried to be pleasant to them,
to avoid arousing their ire.
382
00:48:49,593 --> 00:48:51,959
But the smile has gradually worn off,
383
00:48:52,062 --> 00:48:55,964
and my stare
is fully as cool and fishy as theirs.
384
00:48:56,767 --> 00:48:57,734
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
385
00:49:25,796 --> 00:49:29,095
A colonel and his staff called at my office,
and spent an hour trying to discover
386
00:49:29,199 --> 00:49:32,600
where all the additional
disarmed soldiers were.
387
00:49:32,736 --> 00:49:34,761
They insisted that they were hiding
within the Zone,
388
00:49:34,871 --> 00:49:36,930
and that we were responsible
for concealing them.
389
00:49:37,274 --> 00:49:38,263
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
390
00:50:32,129 --> 00:50:35,189
Miss Vautrin ran to us,
and begged us to claim someone.
391
00:50:35,866 --> 00:50:38,858
She told us if we claimed a man,
we would save a life.
392
00:50:39,636 --> 00:50:41,331
As long as you had a relative,
393
00:50:41,805 --> 00:50:44,831
the Japanese would assume
you were not a soldier.
394
00:50:45,108 --> 00:50:48,874
There were two or three thousand
young men, some soldiers, some not.
395
00:50:48,979 --> 00:50:50,913
We each claimed someone.
396
00:50:51,014 --> 00:50:54,882
All day, I watched her running back
and forth across Ginling in this work.
397
00:50:58,355 --> 00:51:01,847
Sometimes, one gets weary of spirit.
398
00:51:02,526 --> 00:51:04,050
There is so much suffering.
399
00:51:04,161 --> 00:51:07,619
So many in such difficult
and impossible circumstances,
400
00:51:07,731 --> 00:51:09,562
it makes one hopeless.
401
00:51:10,267 --> 00:51:12,064
And when will it end?
402
00:51:14,571 --> 00:51:16,539
BATES: I can see little indication of God
403
00:51:16,640 --> 00:51:18,835
in the tremendous wave of cruelty and greed
404
00:51:18,942 --> 00:51:21,843
that has engulfed a big piece of our world.
405
00:51:23,547 --> 00:51:26,311
SMYTHE: I wish Emperor Hirohito
could see the mangled bodies
406
00:51:26,416 --> 00:51:28,384
of these simple, Chinese common people,
407
00:51:28,485 --> 00:51:31,420
which his spokesmen
profess to love so much.
408
00:51:32,289 --> 00:51:34,985
Or that I could carry some of the men
and women with legs blown off
409
00:51:35,092 --> 00:51:37,390
into the elegant parlors
of the rich Americans
410
00:51:37,494 --> 00:51:40,463
who fatten on selling war supplies to Japan.
411
00:51:40,564 --> 00:51:42,725
They would probably worry more
about their rugs
412
00:51:42,833 --> 00:51:44,767
than about the wounded.
413
00:51:48,138 --> 00:51:49,537
BATES: Religious faith is believing
414
00:51:49,639 --> 00:51:53,006
that good things are worth doing
for their own sake.
415
00:51:54,377 --> 00:51:57,403
Even in a world
that seems overpoweringly evil.
416
00:52:00,851 --> 00:52:02,580
I remain assured in hard experience
417
00:52:02,686 --> 00:52:04,779
that neither by national guns
nor by national gods
418
00:52:04,888 --> 00:52:06,719
will mankind be saved,
419
00:52:08,291 --> 00:52:12,387
but only by the genuine regard
for all members of the human family.
420
00:52:16,800 --> 00:52:20,998
VAUTRIN: God, comfort the heartbroken
mothers and fathers of innocent sons
421
00:52:21,104 --> 00:52:22,867
who were shot today.
422
00:52:24,508 --> 00:52:29,707
And guard the young women and girls
through the agonizing hours of this night.
423
00:52:32,215 --> 00:52:34,945
Speed the day when war shall be no more.
424
00:52:36,786 --> 00:52:40,347
In Nanking, we had time on our hands
and nothing to do.
425
00:52:40,857 --> 00:52:42,484
So we raped girls.
426
00:52:43,059 --> 00:52:44,083
(SPEAKING JAPANESE)
427
00:53:21,631 --> 00:53:22,598
(SPEAKING CHINESE)
428
00:53:43,653 --> 00:53:44,620
(SPEAKING JAPANESE)
429
00:54:03,907 --> 00:54:04,874
(JIANG GEN FU SPEAKING CHINESE)
430
00:54:22,259 --> 00:54:23,783
(SNIFFLING)
431
00:57:16,866 --> 00:57:18,800
VAUTRIN: December 18th, Saturday.
432
00:57:19,269 --> 00:57:21,567
All days seem alike now.
433
00:57:21,671 --> 00:57:23,502
Went to gate at 7:30.
434
00:57:23,606 --> 00:57:27,406
A stream of weary,
wild-eyed women were coming in.
435
00:57:27,510 --> 00:57:29,944
They said
their night had been one of horror.
436
00:57:30,046 --> 00:57:33,709
That again and again,
their homes were visited by soldiers.
437
00:57:34,884 --> 00:57:38,012
Twelve-year-old girls,
60-year-old women. Raped.
438
00:57:39,622 --> 00:57:44,559
If only the thoughtful people of Japan
knew the facts of these days of horror.
439
00:57:49,999 --> 00:57:51,660
We had on the grounds of our college
440
00:57:51,768 --> 00:57:55,226
more than 10,000
women and children refugees.
441
00:57:55,338 --> 00:57:59,604
Every night, the soldiers
would enter our grounds to get the girls,
442
00:57:59,709 --> 00:58:04,078
and every night Miss Vautrin
would try to keep them from the girls.
443
00:58:05,648 --> 00:58:08,481
VAUTRIN: It seems in several homes
near West Flower Gate,
444
00:58:08,585 --> 00:58:12,817
the soldiers, failing to find young girls,
are using teenage boys.
445
00:58:15,558 --> 00:58:17,753
Tonight, I asked George Fitch
how the day went,
446
00:58:17,861 --> 00:58:19,556
and what progress they had made,
447
00:58:19,662 --> 00:58:22,324
and his reply was,
448
00:58:22,432 --> 00:58:25,663
"It was hell today.
The blackest day of my life."
449
00:58:27,537 --> 00:58:29,903
Certainly it was the same for me.
450
00:58:31,307 --> 00:58:35,368
Tonight, a truck passed
in which there were eight or ten girls.
451
00:58:35,478 --> 00:58:38,743
And as it passed,
they called, "Jo ming! Jo ming!"
452
00:58:39,716 --> 00:58:41,445
"Save our lives!"
453
00:58:43,686 --> 00:58:45,677
RABE: Six Japanese
climb over my garden wall
454
00:58:45,788 --> 00:58:48,348
and attempt
to open my gates from the inside.
455
00:58:48,458 --> 00:58:51,621
When I arrive and shine my flashlight
on the face of one of them,
456
00:58:51,728 --> 00:58:53,628
he reaches for his pistol.
457
00:58:53,730 --> 00:58:56,722
But his hand drops quickly enough
when I yell at him
458
00:58:56,833 --> 00:58:59,927
and hold my swastika armband
under his nose.
459
00:59:00,036 --> 00:59:04,405
Then, on my orders,
all six have to scramble back over the wall.
460
00:59:04,507 --> 00:59:07,169
My gates will never be opened
to a riffraff like that!
461
00:59:08,611 --> 00:59:09,703
(ZHOU JI MU SPEAKING CHINESE)
462
01:00:08,738 --> 01:00:12,936
Every day, we call at the Japanese Embassy,
and present our protests and appeals,
463
01:00:13,042 --> 01:00:15,408
our reports of violence and crime.
464
01:00:15,511 --> 01:00:19,106
"For the kind attention of Mr. Kiyoshi Fukui,
465
01:00:19,215 --> 01:00:21,683
"Second Secretary, Japanese Embassy.
466
01:00:22,518 --> 01:00:26,386
"Dear Sirs,
we are very sorry to trouble you again,
467
01:00:26,489 --> 01:00:29,583
"but the sufferings and needs
of 200,000 civilians
468
01:00:29,692 --> 01:00:32,092
"for whom we are trying to care
make it urgent
469
01:00:32,195 --> 01:00:35,562
" that we try to secure action
from your military authorities
470
01:00:35,665 --> 01:00:39,192
"to stop present disorder
among Japanese soldiers
471
01:00:39,335 --> 01:00:41,496
"wandering through the Safety Zone."
472
01:00:42,305 --> 01:00:43,670
"Case number 15,
473
01:00:43,773 --> 01:00:46,139
"Japanese soldiers entered a house
on Hankow Road,
474
01:00:46,242 --> 01:00:48,972
"raped a young wife,
and took away three women.
475
01:00:49,078 --> 01:00:51,706
"When two husbands ran,
the soldiers shot both of them."
476
01:00:51,814 --> 01:00:54,305
"Case number 154,
477
01:00:54,417 --> 01:00:59,514
"a girl, 13 years old, was raped
by three Japanese soldiers
478
01:00:59,622 --> 01:01:01,681
"at Chen Chia Chai number 6."
479
01:01:01,791 --> 01:01:03,156
"Case number 290,
480
01:01:03,259 --> 01:01:07,127
"four soldiers raped a young girl,
a little over 10, by turns."
481
01:01:09,298 --> 01:01:13,132
WILSON: Fukuda and Tanaka of
the Japanese Embassy had nothing to say,
482
01:01:13,236 --> 01:01:16,137
except Fukuda's remark
that the army is very mad,
483
01:01:16,239 --> 01:01:18,173
because they say
it is the first time in history
484
01:01:18,274 --> 01:01:21,903
that an army had to conquer a place
with neutral observers on hand.
485
01:01:22,011 --> 01:01:25,674
Quite a false view,
but we felt it was not time to argue.
486
01:01:25,782 --> 01:01:29,081
We have come to understand the Japanese
much better than we did.
487
01:01:29,185 --> 01:01:31,312
A week before their entry,
I preached to our group,
488
01:01:31,421 --> 01:01:35,755
and I urged them to have faith in the
goodness and humanity of the Japanese.
489
01:01:35,858 --> 01:01:39,294
The Chinese are still laughing at us
for our innocence.
490
01:01:40,129 --> 01:01:42,620
And we better understand
Japanese propaganda.
491
01:01:42,732 --> 01:01:43,926
In the midst of great suffering,
492
01:01:44,033 --> 01:01:46,695
Japanese news squads
went around staging pictures
493
01:01:46,803 --> 01:01:51,866
of Japanese soldiers giving candy to a child
or an army doctor examining 20 children.
494
01:01:54,143 --> 01:01:58,443
Some Japanese newsmen came to the camp
and handed out cakes and apples,
495
01:01:58,548 --> 01:02:00,914
and a few coins to the refugees.
496
01:02:01,584 --> 01:02:04,382
A moving picture was taken of this kind act.
497
01:02:04,487 --> 01:02:06,318
At the same time, a bunch of soldiers
498
01:02:06,422 --> 01:02:10,483
climbed the back wall of the compound
and raped a dozen or so women.
499
01:02:10,593 --> 01:02:12,891
No pictures were taken out back.
500
01:02:23,706 --> 01:02:25,640
RABE: We are introduced
to Commandant Matsui,
501
01:02:25,742 --> 01:02:27,835
who shakes hands all around.
502
01:02:27,944 --> 01:02:29,571
I assume the role of spokesman
503
01:02:29,679 --> 01:02:32,512
and explain to Mr. Tanaka
of the Japanese Embassy
504
01:02:32,615 --> 01:02:35,675
that we infer
that the city is to be burned down.
505
01:02:36,552 --> 01:02:39,248
Tanaka denies this with a smile.
506
01:02:39,355 --> 01:02:43,485
Statement by the Japanese military
posted throughout the city.
507
01:02:43,593 --> 01:02:46,585
" The municipality of Nanking is quiet.
508
01:02:46,696 --> 01:02:48,755
" The herds of refugees
who fled for their lives
509
01:02:48,865 --> 01:02:52,995
" from the midst of death have met with
the gentle soothing of the Japanese army.
510
01:02:53,102 --> 01:02:54,763
" The Imperial army entered the city,
511
01:02:54,871 --> 01:02:58,329
"put their bayonets into sheaths,
and stretched forth merciful hands
512
01:02:58,441 --> 01:03:00,636
" in order to examine and to heal,
513
01:03:00,743 --> 01:03:04,804
" diffusing grace and favor
to the excellent, true citizens.
514
01:03:04,914 --> 01:03:06,313
" Many thousands of refugees
515
01:03:06,415 --> 01:03:10,112
" cast off their former absurd attitudes
of opposing Japan,
516
01:03:10,219 --> 01:03:14,849
" and clasped their hands in congratulation
for receiving assurance of life.
517
01:03:14,991 --> 01:03:17,926
" Looking down, one sees a playground
for Nanking children,
518
01:03:18,027 --> 01:03:22,123
" with soldiers and Chinese children
playing joyfully on all sides."
519
01:03:23,533 --> 01:03:26,593
FITCH: The proclamation on the handbills
which airplanes scattered over the city,
520
01:03:26,702 --> 01:03:29,500
saying the Japanese
are the only real friends of the Chinese
521
01:03:29,605 --> 01:03:31,698
and would protect the good, of course
522
01:03:31,808 --> 01:03:34,504
meant no more
than most of their statements.
523
01:03:34,610 --> 01:03:39,570
And to show their sincerity,
they raped, looted, and killed at will.
524
01:03:39,849 --> 01:03:43,945
In these hard times,
it is certainly a life-saver to be in a gang.
525
01:03:45,121 --> 01:03:47,885
The thing about the whole situation
that startles us all
526
01:03:47,990 --> 01:03:49,685
is how we, unarmed handful of foreigners,
527
01:03:49,792 --> 01:03:52,920
can chase the Japanese soldiers
out of rooms in school buildings,
528
01:03:53,029 --> 01:03:56,362
rooms in foreign houses,
and rooms in Chinese homes.
529
01:03:56,465 --> 01:03:58,763
And still, no one gets hurt.
530
01:03:58,868 --> 01:04:01,530
The soldiers often actually run away.
531
01:04:01,637 --> 01:04:03,400
Part of it is pure bluff.
532
01:04:03,506 --> 01:04:06,441
If we batted an eye, we'd be done for.
533
01:04:07,510 --> 01:04:09,239
Our group here at the house
drafted a message
534
01:04:09,345 --> 01:04:11,540
to the American Consulate General
in Shanghai,
535
01:04:11,647 --> 01:04:14,514
asking that diplomatic representatives
be sent here immediately,
536
01:04:14,617 --> 01:04:16,141
as the situation was urgent,
537
01:04:16,252 --> 01:04:19,415
then asked the Japanese
to send it via Navy radio.
538
01:04:19,522 --> 01:04:22,719
Needless to say, it was never sent.
539
01:04:22,825 --> 01:04:26,522
SMYTHE: When things were at their worst,
the fellows at our house remarked at supper,
540
01:04:26,629 --> 01:04:27,789
" The first fellow that gets killed,
541
01:04:27,897 --> 01:04:31,833
" we're going to carry his body over
and put it in the Japanese Embassy."
542
01:04:31,934 --> 01:04:35,529
Each night, the eight of us wonder
who would be missing the next night.
543
01:04:35,638 --> 01:04:38,869
We said,
"We just can't all get through this alive."
544
01:04:39,709 --> 01:04:43,543
At noon, a man was led to headquarters
with head burned cinder-black,
545
01:04:43,646 --> 01:04:46,206
eyes and ears gone, nose partly gone...
546
01:04:46,983 --> 01:04:49,042
A ghastly sight.
547
01:04:49,151 --> 01:04:53,781
I took him to the hospital in my car,
where he died a few hours later.
548
01:04:53,890 --> 01:04:56,188
His story was
that he was one of the gang of some 100,
549
01:04:56,292 --> 01:04:57,759
who had been tied together,
550
01:04:57,860 --> 01:05:00,829
then gasoline thrown over them,
and set afire.
551
01:05:05,234 --> 01:05:09,102
December 24th, the day before Christmas.
552
01:05:09,205 --> 01:05:13,699
About 10:00, I was called to my office
by a high military advisor.
553
01:05:14,377 --> 01:05:18,837
Miss Minnie Vautrin, our American Minnie,
a proper lady to the core...
554
01:05:19,715 --> 01:05:24,345
She believes in her girls and guards them
the way a hen guards her chicks.
555
01:05:24,453 --> 01:05:25,715
I shall never forget her
556
01:05:25,821 --> 01:05:28,881
marching at the head of some
400 female refugees through the town,
557
01:05:28,991 --> 01:05:32,324
right past groups of vagabonding
Japanese soldiers,
558
01:05:32,428 --> 01:05:36,626
to guide the refugees to the safety
of her girls' camp in Ginling College.
559
01:05:37,833 --> 01:05:40,301
And now, something terrible
has happened to our Minnie.
560
01:05:40,403 --> 01:05:42,098
The request was
561
01:05:42,204 --> 01:05:46,766
that they be allowed to pick out
prostitute women from our 10,000 refugees.
562
01:05:46,876 --> 01:05:49,242
They said they wanted 100.
563
01:05:49,345 --> 01:05:52,610
They feel that if they can start a regular,
licensed place for the soldiers,
564
01:05:52,715 --> 01:05:55,946
then they will not molest innocent
or decent women.
565
01:05:56,552 --> 01:05:59,612
And, with hands clenched in horror,
Minnie is forced to watch
566
01:05:59,722 --> 01:06:04,216
as authorized underlings force their way
into her girls' assembly hall,
567
01:06:04,327 --> 01:06:06,795
filled with hundreds of good girls.
568
01:06:07,463 --> 01:06:10,296
She's not going to hand over
even one of them willingly.
569
01:06:10,399 --> 01:06:14,392
But then, a number of young refugee girls
step forward.
570
01:06:15,338 --> 01:06:17,533
Evidently, former prostitutes.
571
01:06:18,741 --> 01:06:20,504
Minnie is speechless.
572
01:06:21,110 --> 01:06:23,305
They finally secured 21.
573
01:06:23,446 --> 01:06:26,313
But group after group of women
have asked me
574
01:06:26,415 --> 01:06:30,579
if they will select the other 79
from the decent women and girls.
575
01:06:31,854 --> 01:06:33,651
And all I can answer is,
576
01:06:33,756 --> 01:06:37,385
"They will not do so
if it is in my power to prevent it."
577
01:06:40,463 --> 01:06:43,864
SMYTHE: Bob Wilson helped out
at our house last night.
578
01:06:43,966 --> 01:06:46,833
He got home early
for the first time in two weeks.
579
01:06:46,936 --> 01:06:49,131
So he went to the university gardens,
580
01:06:49,238 --> 01:06:53,265
brought six big poinsettias,
and put them around our living room.
581
01:06:53,376 --> 01:06:54,934
So we look like Christmas, anyway.
582
01:06:56,278 --> 01:06:59,145
RABE: Everyone is competing to make this
a happy Christmas for me.
583
01:06:59,248 --> 01:07:01,113
It's really touching.
584
01:07:01,217 --> 01:07:05,153
Chang brought some Christmas roses
and has decorated the house with them.
585
01:07:05,254 --> 01:07:08,485
He even managed to find a little fir tree
that he wants to decorate.
586
01:07:08,591 --> 01:07:10,559
And he just came in grinning with joy
587
01:07:10,659 --> 01:07:14,151
and carrying six very long candles
that he rounded up somewhere.
588
01:07:15,064 --> 01:07:16,964
Everybody likes me, suddenly.
589
01:07:17,066 --> 01:07:19,261
And it used to be, or so I thought,
590
01:07:19,368 --> 01:07:22,394
that no one wanted
to have much to do with me.
591
01:07:22,905 --> 01:07:25,271
Or might I have been wrong there?
592
01:07:26,075 --> 01:07:29,135
How strange, my dear Dora,
my dear children and grandchildren.
593
01:07:29,245 --> 01:07:31,907
I know you're all praying for me today.
594
01:07:33,249 --> 01:07:36,377
I feel as if I'm surrounded
by loving thoughts.
595
01:07:37,987 --> 01:07:39,318
Believe me,
596
01:07:39,422 --> 01:07:42,755
I have a prayer in my heart
for all of you, as well.
597
01:07:43,359 --> 01:07:46,123
WILSON: It seems like anything
but Christmas Eve.
598
01:07:46,762 --> 01:07:49,890
It is sort of tough to keep
Japanese soldiers from looting a hospital
599
01:07:49,999 --> 01:07:53,594
in the center of what was,
a few weeks ago, a great city,
600
01:07:54,470 --> 01:07:58,338
while the rest of the family
is scattered all over the globe.
601
01:07:58,441 --> 01:08:01,001
My baby will be six months old in four days,
602
01:08:01,110 --> 01:08:04,637
and I have only seen her
for seven weeks of that time.
603
01:08:04,747 --> 01:08:06,738
It would be pleasant to close the year
604
01:08:06,849 --> 01:08:09,113
with some sort of
brighter outlook for the next,
605
01:08:09,218 --> 01:08:12,483
but we seem to be closing
on a note of deepest gloom,
606
01:08:12,588 --> 01:08:14,988
without a glimmer of light ahead.
607
01:08:15,691 --> 01:08:18,717
The only consolation is that
it can't be worse.
608
01:08:19,295 --> 01:08:23,254
They can't kill as many people,
as there aren't any more to kill.
609
01:08:30,506 --> 01:08:32,997
Christmas Eve, Nanking, China, 1937.
610
01:08:34,310 --> 01:08:37,677
What I am about to relate
is a story which I feel must be told,
611
01:08:37,780 --> 01:08:40,214
even if it is seen by only a few.
612
01:08:41,617 --> 01:08:43,107
In these two short weeks,
613
01:08:43,219 --> 01:08:45,710
we here in Nanking
have been through a siege.
614
01:08:45,821 --> 01:08:49,917
The Chinese army has left, defeated,
and the Japanese have come in.
615
01:08:50,626 --> 01:08:53,026
On that day, Nanking was still
616
01:08:53,129 --> 01:08:57,691
the beautiful city we were so proud of,
with law and order still prevailing.
617
01:08:58,367 --> 01:09:03,532
Today, it is a city laid waste, ravaged,
completely looted, much of it burned.
618
01:09:04,640 --> 01:09:07,404
Complete anarchy has reigned for 10 days.
619
01:09:08,377 --> 01:09:10,470
It has been a hell on earth.
620
01:09:12,915 --> 01:09:16,146
Not that my life has been
in serious danger at any time,
621
01:09:16,252 --> 01:09:18,686
though turning lust-mad, drunken soldiers
out of houses
622
01:09:18,787 --> 01:09:23,190
where they were raping the women
is not altogether a safe occupation.
623
01:09:23,292 --> 01:09:25,226
Nor does one feel
perhaps too sure of himself
624
01:09:25,327 --> 01:09:29,320
when he finds a bayonet at his chest
or a revolver at his head,
625
01:09:30,232 --> 01:09:34,692
and knows it is handled by someone
who heartily wishes him out of the way.
626
01:09:35,237 --> 01:09:39,333
The Japanese army is anything but pleased
at our being here.
627
01:09:39,441 --> 01:09:41,409
They wanted no observers.
628
01:09:42,178 --> 01:09:44,271
But to have to stand by,
629
01:09:44,380 --> 01:09:47,816
while even the very poor are having
their last possessions taken from them,
630
01:09:47,917 --> 01:09:50,385
their last coin, their last bit of bedding,
631
01:09:50,486 --> 01:09:54,650
while thousands of disarmed soldiers
who had sought sanctuary within,
632
01:09:54,757 --> 01:09:57,248
together with many hundreds
of innocent civilians,
633
01:09:57,359 --> 01:10:01,659
are taken out before your eyes to be shot
or used for bayonet practice.
634
01:10:02,431 --> 01:10:06,663
And we have to listen to the sounds
of the guns that are killing them.
635
01:10:07,803 --> 01:10:11,569
Over a thousand women kneel before you,
crying hysterically,
636
01:10:11,674 --> 01:10:16,111
begging you to save them
from the beasts who are preying on them.
637
01:10:16,212 --> 01:10:19,909
To stand by and do nothing,
while your flag is taken down and insulted?
638
01:10:20,015 --> 01:10:21,880
Not once, but a dozen times.
639
01:10:21,984 --> 01:10:24,452
And your own house is being looted?
640
01:10:25,421 --> 01:10:28,117
And then to watch
the city you have come to love
641
01:10:29,024 --> 01:10:31,584
and the institutions
to which you'd planned to devote your best
642
01:10:31,694 --> 01:10:35,357
deliberately and systematically
burned by fire?
643
01:10:37,466 --> 01:10:40,367
This is a hell I had never before envisaged.
644
01:10:42,004 --> 01:10:44,529
And we keep asking ourselves,
"How long can this last?"
645
01:10:44,640 --> 01:10:48,132
Day by day, we are assured by the officials
that things will be better soon,
646
01:10:48,244 --> 01:10:50,303
that "we will do our best."
647
01:10:51,914 --> 01:10:54,314
But each day
has been worse than the day before.
648
01:11:00,789 --> 01:11:04,325
(BELL TOLLING)
649
01:11:04,360 --> 01:11:07,420
January 1st, a new year filled with hope.
650
01:11:12,868 --> 01:11:14,699
(SINGING IN JAPANESE)
651
01:11:19,241 --> 01:11:21,903
There was a worship ceremony
at 8:30 this morning.
652
01:11:22,011 --> 01:11:26,778
In the solemn air, the trumpets sounded,
and the Japanese flag was raised.
653
01:11:26,882 --> 01:11:31,251
It is moving beyond words,
with the swords sparkling in the rising sun.
654
01:11:33,155 --> 01:11:34,520
We saluted the military flag,
655
01:11:34,623 --> 01:11:37,649
gave three cheers
for our Emperor and Empress.
656
01:11:38,627 --> 01:11:42,495
January 4. It is just three weeks
since Nanking was taken,
657
01:11:42,598 --> 01:11:46,625
and, as yet, there has been no foreigner
allowed in or out.
658
01:11:46,735 --> 01:11:50,637
The Japanese try to cover things up
wherever it's even vaguely feasible.
659
01:11:50,739 --> 01:11:52,934
And the ban on anyone entering or leaving
660
01:11:53,042 --> 01:11:57,411
is one of their ways of keeping the world
ignorant of Nanking's present state.
661
01:11:58,580 --> 01:11:59,979
We have now received news
662
01:12:00,082 --> 01:12:04,109
that the Japanese want to close
all refugee camps on February 4th.
663
01:12:05,220 --> 01:12:08,519
The refugees are supposed to return
to the devastated city.
664
01:12:08,624 --> 01:12:11,855
And it doesn't matter
where they live amid the ruins.
665
01:12:11,960 --> 01:12:16,056
This could be awful, but we don't know
how to avert this calamity.
666
01:12:16,165 --> 01:12:18,599
The military has all the power.
667
01:12:20,336 --> 01:12:25,968
At 3:00 p.m., two embassy police came
and asked us to get all the refugees together
668
01:12:26,075 --> 01:12:30,171
so they could explain to them
the plan of returning to their homes.
669
01:12:30,713 --> 01:12:35,412
A Chinese man was with them who
used to be a low-level Chinese army officer.
670
01:12:35,517 --> 01:12:39,317
In order not to be killed,
he became a Japanese collaborator.
671
01:12:40,189 --> 01:12:45,092
When he was alone with Miss Vautrin,
he told her not to let the young girls go.
672
01:12:45,794 --> 01:12:47,591
He wept as he spoke.
673
01:12:47,996 --> 01:12:51,591
Their real object
is to get these people away from us,
674
01:12:51,700 --> 01:12:54,635
who have been their protection
during these terrible weeks.
675
01:12:55,104 --> 01:12:56,867
If they do not go back,
676
01:12:56,972 --> 01:12:59,998
the refugees in camps
will be driven out by soldiers.
677
01:13:00,109 --> 01:13:02,600
CHANG YU ZHENG: Some of the refugees
have registered and gone home,
678
01:13:02,711 --> 01:13:04,679
hoping to live there peacefully.
679
01:13:04,780 --> 01:13:07,510
But, unexpectedly,
when the refugees arrived home,
680
01:13:07,616 --> 01:13:10,983
Japanese soldiers were seen,
hunting for women.
681
01:13:11,220 --> 01:13:13,984
VAUTRIN: I shall never bring pressure
on women to leave again.
682
01:13:14,089 --> 01:13:16,853
My experience on that was too bitter.
683
01:13:16,959 --> 01:13:21,862
One woman of 27, whom we urged
to go back to her husband,
684
01:13:21,964 --> 01:13:25,923
was raped by three soldiers
within three hours after she left us.
685
01:13:26,568 --> 01:13:28,331
I learned my lesson,
686
01:13:29,471 --> 01:13:31,803
and shall not easily forget it.
687
01:13:33,175 --> 01:13:35,234
We have the possibility of a massacre.
688
01:13:35,344 --> 01:13:38,177
But I don't see myself staying out of sight
while soldiers use bayonets
689
01:13:38,280 --> 01:13:40,248
on women and children who trusted us.
690
01:13:40,349 --> 01:13:42,681
I scolded two Japanese soldiers.
691
01:13:43,318 --> 01:13:47,618
The fellow in front was taking it all right,
but the one in back was a surly fellow.
692
01:13:47,723 --> 01:13:51,250
He drew his bayonet,
and then he made a pass at my middle.
693
01:13:51,360 --> 01:13:53,328
I stood my ground.
694
01:13:53,429 --> 01:13:55,294
But since his first pass was unsuccessful,
695
01:13:55,397 --> 01:13:58,730
he took his bayonet
and held it to my neck for a moment.
696
01:13:58,834 --> 01:14:02,895
He muttered something in Japanese,
and jerked his bayonet forward.
697
01:14:03,005 --> 01:14:06,031
When I ducked my head back, it drew blood.
698
01:14:07,810 --> 01:14:11,507
RABE: I fear that the military
intends to clear the Zone by force.
699
01:14:13,182 --> 01:14:16,640
The middle paths are the only open spot
left in the garden.
700
01:14:16,752 --> 01:14:18,947
As they come outside,
they all fall to their knees,
701
01:14:19,054 --> 01:14:21,887
and cannot be persuaded to get up
from the cold cement path
702
01:14:21,990 --> 01:14:24,390
until I give the following speech.
703
01:14:25,761 --> 01:14:27,729
"The Japanese have publicly announced
704
01:14:27,830 --> 01:14:31,527
"that you must leave the refugee camps
in the Zone today.
705
01:14:32,568 --> 01:14:37,301
"I personally shall not chase you away,
but what can I, a single foreigner, do?
706
01:14:37,973 --> 01:14:41,431
"Nonetheless, I'll try
to prevent the Japanese from entering."
707
01:14:53,255 --> 01:14:57,521
When I return home in my car today,
I am received with a royal salute.
708
01:14:57,626 --> 01:15:00,595
My poor refugees
have formed two long lines.
709
01:15:00,696 --> 01:15:05,429
Then all my 600 parishioners surround me
and give me a greeting written on a banner.
710
01:15:05,534 --> 01:15:10,164
They all bow three times, and are very happy
when I bow my head in gratitude.
711
01:15:11,106 --> 01:15:13,700
Then one of my Chinese friends
translates the greeting.
712
01:15:13,809 --> 01:15:18,303
You are the living Buddha
for 100,000 people.
713
01:15:18,413 --> 01:15:22,474
You have saved thousands of people
from danger and want.
714
01:15:22,584 --> 01:15:28,045
May the favor of heaven be granted to you.
May God's blessing rest upon you.
715
01:15:34,162 --> 01:15:36,995
RABE: As is obvious from the letters
that arrived for me yesterday
716
01:15:37,099 --> 01:15:39,192
from Shanghai via the German Embassy,
717
01:15:39,301 --> 01:15:43,135
people there have not the vaguest notion
of current conditions here.
718
01:15:43,238 --> 01:15:45,172
And what do we do next?
719
01:15:45,274 --> 01:15:47,504
We've about shot our bolts.
720
01:15:51,280 --> 01:15:54,772
FITCH: At 6:40, I took the Japanese military
train to Shanghai.
721
01:15:55,717 --> 01:15:59,483
I was crowded in with about as unsavory
a crowd of soldiers as one could imagine
722
01:15:59,588 --> 01:16:00,850
in a third-class coach.
723
01:16:00,956 --> 01:16:04,949
Nervous, because sewed into the lining
of my camel's hair greatcoat
724
01:16:05,060 --> 01:16:08,826
were eight reels of 16 mm movie film
of atrocity cases,
725
01:16:08,931 --> 01:16:12,731
most of which were taken
at the university hospital by John Magee.
726
01:16:12,834 --> 01:16:16,565
They were so terrible
that they had to be seen to be believed.
727
01:16:16,672 --> 01:16:19,903
My baggage would undoubtedly
be carefully examined by the military
728
01:16:20,008 --> 01:16:22,408
when we got to Shanghai.
729
01:16:22,511 --> 01:16:25,105
What might happen,
if they discovered these films?
730
01:17:56,838 --> 01:17:57,998
The pictures shown herewith
731
01:17:58,106 --> 01:18:00,734
give but a fragmentary glimpse
of the unspeakable things that happened
732
01:18:00,842 --> 01:18:05,040
following the Japanese occupation
of Nanking on December 13, 1937.
733
01:18:06,348 --> 01:18:08,976
One must remember
that of the thousands injured,
734
01:18:09,084 --> 01:18:13,248
only a small percentage got to the hospital
or were even heard of.
735
01:18:15,223 --> 01:18:18,056
These pictures have been taken
with no thought
736
01:18:18,160 --> 01:18:20,822
of stirring up a spirit of hatred
against the Japanese,
737
01:18:20,929 --> 01:18:26,458
but only with the desire to make
all people realize how horrible war is.
738
01:18:28,470 --> 01:18:31,906
Great care had to be exercised
not to be seen while taking pictures.
739
01:18:32,007 --> 01:18:35,807
Otherwise, the camera
would have been smashed or confiscated.
740
01:18:37,345 --> 01:18:40,143
Fortunately, the reels weren't discovered.
741
01:18:41,416 --> 01:18:42,610
Washington.
742
01:18:42,718 --> 01:18:45,744
I was the guest of Undersecretary of State,
Dr. Stanley Hornbeck,
743
01:18:45,854 --> 01:18:47,185
whom I had known in China,
744
01:18:47,289 --> 01:18:50,053
and I was given the opportunity
to see many people of importance.
745
01:18:50,158 --> 01:18:52,649
And I also showed my films
to newspapermen
746
01:18:52,761 --> 01:18:54,956
and the Foreign Affairs Committee
of the House.
747
01:18:55,063 --> 01:18:57,793
In Los Angeles,
a couple of speeches were lined up for me,
748
01:18:57,899 --> 01:19:01,027
and one, where I showed my films,
caused something of a sensation,
749
01:19:01,136 --> 01:19:03,331
even illness
on the part of a couple of the audience.
750
01:19:04,139 --> 01:19:07,506
And, following the meeting,
a Japanese gentleman approached me
751
01:19:07,642 --> 01:19:11,476
and said that my statements about
the atrocities in Nanking were not true.
752
01:19:11,580 --> 01:19:17,348
They could not be true,
for Japanese were incapable of such acts.
753
01:19:17,452 --> 01:19:20,250
He asked me to retract
some of the things I had said,
754
01:19:20,355 --> 01:19:23,791
and intimated that it would be best for me
if I did so.
755
01:19:24,826 --> 01:19:27,317
I told him that I had many Japanese friends
756
01:19:27,429 --> 01:19:31,024
and knew that most Japanese were
incapable of such acts as I had described.
757
01:19:31,133 --> 01:19:37,436
But, I said, unfortunately,
everything I said was true,
758
01:19:37,539 --> 01:19:39,973
and hence, I could retract nothing.
759
01:19:58,059 --> 01:20:01,460
The war has rolled on
to engulf a thousand other towns like ours.
760
01:20:01,563 --> 01:20:06,296
This story of invasion, massacre,
rape and oppression
761
01:20:06,434 --> 01:20:09,767
will be reenacted among countless
communities in China.
762
01:20:11,039 --> 01:20:14,736
Nanking looks like a garden
that's been devoured by locusts.
763
01:20:15,377 --> 01:20:18,346
The enemy creates a desert
and calls it peace.
764
01:20:23,151 --> 01:20:24,618
At the conclusion of World War II,
765
01:20:24,719 --> 01:20:28,348
the Allies convened
a War Crimes Tribunal in Tokyo.
766
01:20:28,456 --> 01:20:30,117
From the summary judgment,
767
01:20:30,225 --> 01:20:33,285
approximately 20,000 cases of rape
occurred in Nanking
768
01:20:33,395 --> 01:20:36,296
within the first month of the occupation.
769
01:20:36,398 --> 01:20:39,856
Estimates indicate that the total number
of civilians and prisoners of war
770
01:20:39,968 --> 01:20:41,799
murdered in Nanking and its vicinity
771
01:20:41,903 --> 01:20:44,667
during the first six weeks
of the Japanese occupation
772
01:20:44,773 --> 01:20:46,536
was over 200,000.
773
01:21:07,662 --> 01:21:09,289
(COMMANDING IN JAPANESE)
774
01:21:16,271 --> 01:21:17,238
(SHOUTING IN JAPANESE)
775
01:21:25,947 --> 01:21:27,778
(SHOUTING IN JAPANESE)
776
01:21:32,354 --> 01:21:34,788
SMYTHE: Do I hate the Japanese? No.
777
01:21:36,424 --> 01:21:39,951
I dislike very much their policy,
and I dislike very much
778
01:21:40,061 --> 01:21:42,655
the way they are treating
the common people of China.
779
01:21:42,764 --> 01:21:46,222
But if I am ever given the opportunity
of doing the same for the Japanese
780
01:21:46,334 --> 01:21:49,303
as we have done here for the Chinese men,
women and children,
781
01:21:49,404 --> 01:21:51,895
I would do the same right over again.
782
01:21:53,575 --> 01:21:54,542
(LI SU FEN SPEAKING CHINESE)
783
01:22:17,132 --> 01:22:21,626
VAUTRIN: I have deeply loved and respected
the cause of missions and Ginling College.
784
01:22:22,103 --> 01:22:27,302
Had I 10 lives, I would dedicate them all
to this cause of kingdom-building.
785
01:22:29,711 --> 01:22:32,680
But alas, I have failed.
786
01:22:35,884 --> 01:22:36,851
(WU ZHENG XI SPEAKING CHINESE)
787
01:22:51,466 --> 01:22:52,694
WILSON: Dearest,
788
01:22:53,435 --> 01:22:56,029
don't think for a moment
that I wouldn't give my right eye
789
01:22:56,137 --> 01:22:59,436
to be with you
and our unbelievably adorable child.
790
01:23:00,342 --> 01:23:04,210
We have been caught up in a cataclysm,
and during the immediate crisis,
791
01:23:04,312 --> 01:23:07,076
until some light
gets thrown upon future events,
792
01:23:07,182 --> 01:23:09,776
it is absolutely essential to sit tight.
793
01:23:21,763 --> 01:23:22,821
(ZHOU JI MU SPEAKING CHINESE)
794
01:23:31,439 --> 01:23:34,033
RABE: I do not regret having stayed on here.
795
01:23:34,976 --> 01:23:37,740
For my presence has saved many lives.
796
01:23:38,813 --> 01:23:42,476
But all the same,
my suffering is indescribable.
797
01:23:45,286 --> 01:23:46,253
(XIA SHU QIN SPEAKING CHINESE)
798
01:24:40,308 --> 01:24:41,275
(ZHOU JI MU SPEAKING CHINESE)
799
01:25:09,504 --> 01:25:13,702
FITCH: The Chinese have an unsurpassed
capacity for suffering and endurance,
800
01:25:14,309 --> 01:25:16,675
in addition to their many other qualities,
801
01:25:16,811 --> 01:25:19,439
and right must triumph in the end.
802
01:25:20,748 --> 01:25:24,013
I shall always be glad
I threw in my lot with them.
803
01:26:24,014 --> 01:26:25,014
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