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To make the matrix structure work,
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the functional managers have a critically important job
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to do in ensuring a realistic loading for their personnel.
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The more the teams are interrupted
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moving between different projects,
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the greater the overall loss of productivity,
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measured in studies as between 15 and 23 minutes
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for each time they are interrupted.
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Remember the human complexity constraints
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from the overview chapter,
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one of the most important facts for any manager to know?
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The maximum number of items humans can keep
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in the mind simultaneously is three to four.
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In other words, working on more than one project at a time
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incurs a rapidly rising cognitive cost.
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Ideally, team members should be dedicated to
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one project at time until their work is complete,
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but certainly above three, the loss of productivity
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starts to become very significant.
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Therefore, to manage their staff,
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functional managers need to use a Gantt scheduling tool
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to track and manage a realistic allocation
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of their personnel across all the projects.
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The functional manager's Gantt chart
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might look something like this example,
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which includes five projects,
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each with several deliverables, to which their personnel
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have been allocated in various amounts.
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Once the functional manager has the data
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on what deliverables their personnel are working on when,
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they can make sure the loading is realistic
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by running a resource loading report,
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similar to the one a project manager
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would run within their project.
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Let's take a look.
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