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So the usual solution to the
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downsides of functional and projectized organizations
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is the matrix structure, where the project can collect
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the best team members from across the organization.
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In matrix organizations,
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functional managers train and mentor the personnel,
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building their skills and taking care of their
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career development, and then allocate them
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to the projects as needed.
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This works better for the project managers,
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since they have no personnel
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career development responsibilities,
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and can focus purely on the projects.
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To make the matrix structure operate,
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the project managers and functional managers
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must work well together, deciding who
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manages the staff performance.
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For example, if the functional manager wants to
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retain day to day control over their staff,
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then they are, effectively, a project lead,
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and must attend all relevant project meetings.
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It's often better for the staff to report
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directly to the project, otherwise
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the functional manager can get overwhelmed
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trying to be the lead on multiple projects at once.
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Although the matrix structure has challenges,
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it's usually the best compromise for everyone.
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