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[dramatic music]
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♪ ♪
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- Tonight, a spree
of gruesome murders
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that shocks Victorian England
and the world,
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a homicidal maniac whose
true name remains a mystery.
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- The police comb
through suspect after suspect,
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but there's either
no evidence to support
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that they were there
or they have alibis.
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So they're left
grasping at straws.
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- Now we uncover
the top theories
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about one of history's
most notorious serial killers.
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- A few contemporaries believe
that Jack the Ripper
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might well have been a woman.
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- I hope to prove
my grandfather's grandfather
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was also Jack the Ripper.
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- Can his or her identity
ever be proven?
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Who is Jack the Ripper?
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♪ ♪
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London, England,
August 31st, 1888.
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It's early morning
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in the impoverished
East End neighborhood.
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- The East End
of late Victorian London
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was a sprawling metropolis
within the city
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of London itself.
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There were
respectable artisans,
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and small traders,
and shopkeepers,
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but for the most part,
it was the home to the poor,
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the abject poor, and sometimes
the homeless poor.
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Fishburne:
Delivery driver Charles Cross,
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walks through
the city's dark streets.
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- Charles Cross is walking
along Box Row
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on his way to work
at 3:40 a.m.,
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and he spots what he perceives
is an unclaimed
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or discarded tarpaulin,
which is quite a find.
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Fishburne: But what
he finds isn't a tarp.
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It's a female body.
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- And at first,
he thinks that this woman
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is either drunk or asleep.
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In fact, she's dead.
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Her throat has been slit,
and she's been mutilated.
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Fishburne: Area residents
identify the victim
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as Mary Ann "Polly" Nichols.
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- Polly Nichols began life
as the daughter
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of a respectable skilled
artisan and his laundress wife.
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She married young.
She had children.
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But alcohol
and marital discord led her
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to leave the conjugal home
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and to live a life
on the streets
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as a sex worker.
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- These women were living
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very much
a day to day existence,
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not necessarily knowing
where they were going
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to sleep that night.
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This put them at a very extreme
risk to be taken advantage of
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because they did not have
a steady living.
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Fishburne: At the time, most
crimes against sex workers
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in London received
very little attention.
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But the brutal nature
of this attack
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forces police to take notice.
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- This was an attack
that was beyond brutal
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and almost unprecedented.
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Murder was not uncommon
in the East End,
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but a murder like this
was definitely something
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that drew attention
to both police and citizenry.
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- After the Nichols murder,
Commissioner Warren
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assigned first-class inspector
Frederick Abberline
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in charge of
the Whitechapel murders case.
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Fishburne: Abberline
interviews the local woman,
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looking for suspects.
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Everyone he speaks to recalls
the same elusive figure.
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He's even been
given a nickname.
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- A common thread amongst all
the working women
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was there was a man that was
extorting them for their money.
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His nickname was Leather Apron.
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The reason they called him
Leather Apron
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is because
that's what he always wore.
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And the working women
were convinced
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that he killed Polly Nichols.
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♪ ♪
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Fishburne: Soon,
the mysterious Leather Apron
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is making headlines.
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- The press latches onto
this story almost immediately
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and starts running with it.
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- Some of the key
sensational newspapers,
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like "The Star,"
or "The Pall Mall Gazette,"
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devoted particular attention
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to the lurid details
of the crime.
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All of these created
a media spectacle, a frenzy.
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Fishburne: The publicity
quickly generates
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a possible sighting.
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- Two days after the murder
of Polly Nichols,
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a woman sees an individual
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who she thinks is Leather Apron
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and yells out
to a police officer,
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"There he goes!"
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- The police officer
decided to chase him down.
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He apprehended him.
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The man denies
that he's Leather Apron.
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The woman still claims
that he is.
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Ultimately,
the police officer lets him go.
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Fishburne:
Nearly a week passes
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as the police try
to track down Leather Apron.
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Before they can,
the killer strikes again.
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- At about 6:00 a.m.,
an elderly man
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walking along Hanbury Street
near where he lived
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saw this body, again,
in the shadows of the building.
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Later on,
after the police were called,
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this second victim was
identified as Annie Chapman.
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- Annie Chapman's wounds were
very similar
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to Polly Nichols',
but much more severe.
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The throat was cut deep
to the spine again.
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The intestines were thrown
over the shoulder,
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and the uterus was missing.
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- Nearby,
not far from Annie's body,
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was a wet leather apron,
which may have been washed
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or the killer may have used
to wash their hands
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and them wiped them
on the apron.
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Could this be proof that the
same killer has struck again?
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Fishburne:
The press thinks yes.
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After the second victim
is found,
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the public sentiment
in the East End turns ugly.
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- At this point, the public is
becoming more and more frantic.
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"Will there be another murder?"
"When will it occur?"
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"Why can't the police
identify the murderer?"
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The lack of solving the crime
heightened the anxiety,
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not just in Whitechapel,
but in greater London as well.
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♪ ♪
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- The newspapers
repeat the fact
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that these eyewitnesses were
describing suspects as Jewish
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or "Jewish-looking."
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And so it became this idea
that a Jewish man
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was killing women
in Whitechapel.
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Fights are breaking out
in the streets,
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crowds are chanting
"down with the Jews,"
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and there are full-on riots.
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Fishburne: Faced
with escalating violence,
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police hurry
to locate Leather Apron
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and quickly nab a suspect.
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- The police held an inquest,
and they realized
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that there was a boot finisher
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who was also a Polish Jew
named John Pizer.
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- And on September 10th,
he was arrested.
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Pizer's neighbors and friends
attested his innocence.
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They believe him
to be a good man.
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That didn't stop the police
from harassing him further
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and doing a search
of his home.
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When searching Pizer's home,
they found five knives,
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which they believed
to have blood on them.
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Fishburne: While the police
analyze the knives,
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they interrogate Pizer.
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- On the night
of Polly Nichols' murder,
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Pizer maintains that he was
staying at Crossman's Lodge.
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On the second night,
for Annie Chapman's murder,
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Pizer claims he was holed up
in his own home,
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living in fear.
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Fishburne: Police are able
to confirm Pizer's alibis
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and eliminate
the key evidence against him.
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- There was no blood
on those knives.
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After closer examination,
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they found out that what was on
the knives was actually rust.
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- The police
ultimately bring in Pizer
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for additional questioning
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as several eyewitnesses
questioned
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whether he might've been
at the scene
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of some of the murders.
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They put him
through two lineups,
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but the lineups amount
to nothing essentially
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because the accusers
turn out to be non-credible.
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Fishburne: Pizer is released
without charge
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on September 11th.
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- The fact that these
two lineups failed to identify
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Pizer raised the ongoing
further questioning.
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If Pizer wasn't the murderer,
then who was?
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[dramatic music]
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Fishburne: In 1888,
residents of London's East End
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are on high alert in the wake
of the brutal murders
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of two young women.
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- After Annie Chapman's murder,
two weeks pass with nothing.
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And so people might be
wondering,
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"Is he done?
Was this it?
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Did he leave?
Is he in prison?"
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Nobody really knows
what was happening.
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- A few weeks later,
not one but two more women
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were discovered
brutally murdered.
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Elizabeth Stride
and Catherine Eddowes
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were discovered within hours
of each other.
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Both had
their throats slashed,
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and both had abdominal wounds
with their viscera removed.
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This was clearly a pattern,
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four young women
who were brutally murdered
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within a short period of time,
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all within blocks
of each other.
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This heightened the anxiety,
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not just from the neighborhood,
but from the police as well.
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- This was something the likes
nobody had ever seen.
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London was probably dealing
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with its first
known serial killer.
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♪ ♪
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- At this point,
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even though we now had a third
and a fourth victim,
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there were no eye witnesses,
and there were no leads.
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So the police, quite frankly,
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were still very much
in the dark
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as to who the murderer was.
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Fishburne: All that changes
on October 1st,
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when a memo now called
the "Dear Boss" letter
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transforms
a local investigation
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into a worldwide phenomenon.
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- On September 27th,
the Central News Agency
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received the "Dear Boss" letter
but dismissed it as a hoax,
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as there were hundreds
of letters coming in.
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- But then September 30th
occurred,
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and Elizabeth Stride
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and Catherine Eddowes
were murdered.
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And in that letter,
there were two details
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that matched the murders.
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The first was that he was gonna
get to work right away.
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The second was he's gonna
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clip the ear off one
of the women.
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So the police decided
to publish that letter.
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- It's called
the "Dear Boss" letter
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because that's how
the letter begins.
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The killer is
addressing the head
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of the police as "Boss."
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And in it,
he mocks the police efforts
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and suggests
they're miles off track
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in their assumptions
and searches.
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- The "Dear Boss" letter
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creates a gripping
public persona
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and seems
to invite both investigators
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and the public to want
to know more about him.
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Fishburne:
The disturbing letter ends
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00:11:32,417 --> 00:11:36,292
with perhaps the most
famous alias of all time.
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- "My knife's so nice and sharp
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"I want to get to work
right away if I get a chance.
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Good luck.
Yours truly, Jack the Ripper."
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The "Dear Boss" letter
fundamentally changed
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how people began to think
about the murderer
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because it endowed the murderer
with a playful,
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sardonic, wicked,
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00:12:01,625 --> 00:12:06,292
and some thought perverted
and maniacal lust
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to violate the bodies
of these sex workers.
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This letter associated
these murders
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00:12:15,583 --> 00:12:17,875
as the victims
of Jack the Ripper
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rather than what
they had been beforehand,
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00:12:21,375 --> 00:12:23,667
the Whitechapel murders.
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Fishburne: On November 9th,
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00:12:25,250 --> 00:12:27,500
the Ripper claims
another victim.
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00:12:27,667 --> 00:12:32,333
25-year-old sex worker,
Mary Jane Kelly.
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00:12:32,458 --> 00:12:35,833
- Mary Jane Kelly's murder
was the most horrific
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of all of the murders.
252
00:12:37,333 --> 00:12:40,208
She had her own little room
at 13 Miller's Court
253
00:12:40,333 --> 00:12:43,833
where she spent her nights,
and so the Ripper was able
254
00:12:43,958 --> 00:12:47,042
to take his time with her
after he murdered her.
255
00:12:47,208 --> 00:12:49,375
When they opened the room
in the morning,
256
00:12:49,500 --> 00:12:53,375
they discovered pieces of her
spread out around the room.
257
00:12:53,542 --> 00:12:56,542
She had been carved down
to the bone in some cases.
258
00:12:56,708 --> 00:12:58,542
And they also weren't
entirely sure
259
00:12:58,667 --> 00:13:00,500
that the body
was Mary Jane Kelly
260
00:13:00,625 --> 00:13:02,083
because her face was
so mutilated
261
00:13:02,208 --> 00:13:04,667
that identification
is nearly impossible.
262
00:13:04,792 --> 00:13:06,375
♪ ♪
263
00:13:06,542 --> 00:13:09,667
- It was long assumed
that the killer had anatomical
264
00:13:09,792 --> 00:13:11,833
or medical knowledge
of the human body.
265
00:13:11,917 --> 00:13:15,000
And Mary Kelly's murder
totally cemented that.
266
00:13:15,125 --> 00:13:16,833
She had many organs removed.
267
00:13:16,958 --> 00:13:20,000
And they were removed cleanly
and precisely.
268
00:13:20,083 --> 00:13:22,000
And that took
a significant level of skill
269
00:13:22,125 --> 00:13:23,542
to be able to achieve that.
270
00:13:23,708 --> 00:13:24,875
Fishburne:
After Kelly's murder,
271
00:13:25,000 --> 00:13:26,500
the killing stopped,
272
00:13:26,625 --> 00:13:29,375
but the culprit
remains at large.
273
00:13:29,500 --> 00:13:32,875
- It's easy to go back and look
at the police work
274
00:13:33,000 --> 00:13:35,250
of 1888 and be critical.
275
00:13:35,375 --> 00:13:39,792
However, we have to realize
they had so few tools
276
00:13:39,917 --> 00:13:42,833
in order
to investigate any crime.
277
00:13:42,917 --> 00:13:46,500
So much of the evidence
was innuendo,
278
00:13:46,667 --> 00:13:48,750
was suspicion, was rumor.
279
00:13:48,875 --> 00:13:52,500
And that doesn't pin down the
identity of Jack the Ripper.
280
00:13:52,583 --> 00:13:55,833
Fishburne: The case languishes
for several years
281
00:13:55,917 --> 00:13:59,875
until a new detective
is assigned in early 1892.
282
00:14:00,042 --> 00:14:02,917
- Melville Macnaughten is
asked to investigate
283
00:14:03,042 --> 00:14:05,458
the Ripper murders further.
284
00:14:05,542 --> 00:14:08,167
Macnaughten began
to build a profile,
285
00:14:08,292 --> 00:14:11,833
which a lot of people
still turn to today.
286
00:14:11,917 --> 00:14:14,208
He believed the Ripper
was well-educated,
287
00:14:14,333 --> 00:14:17,042
potentially
a Polish immigrant,
288
00:14:17,167 --> 00:14:19,042
and he also thought
that it was somebody
289
00:14:19,208 --> 00:14:23,375
that, again, had anatomical
or medical knowledge.
290
00:14:23,500 --> 00:14:27,750
♪ ♪
291
00:14:27,875 --> 00:14:30,250
He conducts
different interviews,
292
00:14:30,375 --> 00:14:32,167
compiling suspects,
293
00:14:32,250 --> 00:14:35,583
and a name that pops out
to him is Michael Ostrog.
294
00:14:35,708 --> 00:14:39,208
Fishburne: Ostrog seems to fit
the profile perfectly.
295
00:14:39,375 --> 00:14:42,833
- Macnaughten stated two main
points about Ostrog,
296
00:14:42,917 --> 00:14:46,042
that he had surgical
experience from Russia,
297
00:14:46,208 --> 00:14:49,292
and also that he was
a homicidal maniac.
298
00:14:49,375 --> 00:14:50,625
He writes,
299
00:14:50,750 --> 00:14:54,083
"This man was said to have
been habitually cruel to women
300
00:14:54,208 --> 00:14:56,917
"and for a long time was known
to have carried with him
301
00:14:57,042 --> 00:14:58,833
"surgical knives
and other instruments,
302
00:14:58,958 --> 00:15:00,208
"and his whereabouts
303
00:15:00,333 --> 00:15:01,833
"at the time
of the Whitechapel murders,
304
00:15:01,958 --> 00:15:04,625
could never been
satisfactorily accounted for."
305
00:15:04,708 --> 00:15:06,208
Fishburne: Despite a manhunt,
306
00:15:06,375 --> 00:15:08,875
police are unable
to locate Ostrog.
307
00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:12,000
Later investigations
reveal why.
308
00:15:12,083 --> 00:15:13,833
- Several
of the original investigators
309
00:15:13,958 --> 00:15:15,208
went to their graves believing
310
00:15:15,375 --> 00:15:17,125
that Jack the Ripper
was Michael Ostrog.
311
00:15:17,250 --> 00:15:19,208
But Ostrog could not have,
in fact, been Jack the Ripper
312
00:15:19,375 --> 00:15:20,833
because he was imprisoned
in France
313
00:15:20,958 --> 00:15:23,417
at the time
under the name of Grand Guidon.
314
00:15:23,542 --> 00:15:25,875
Fishburne: But Ostrog isn't
the only potential suspect
315
00:15:26,042 --> 00:15:27,500
named by Macnaughten.
316
00:15:27,583 --> 00:15:29,833
There's another possibility.
317
00:15:29,958 --> 00:15:33,333
♪ ♪
318
00:15:33,458 --> 00:15:35,292
- Macnaughten also named
another suspect
319
00:15:35,375 --> 00:15:38,375
in his memoranda,
and it wasn't a full name,
320
00:15:38,500 --> 00:15:40,792
it was just simply
a last name, Kosminski.
321
00:15:40,875 --> 00:15:44,833
He was a tailor who arrived
in Whitechapel in the 1880s,
322
00:15:44,958 --> 00:15:47,542
early 1880s,
and later became a barber.
323
00:15:47,708 --> 00:15:50,833
Kosminski was a great fit
for the Ripper profile.
324
00:15:50,958 --> 00:15:54,667
He was considered violent
towards women,
325
00:15:54,792 --> 00:15:57,375
he had homicidal tendencies,
326
00:15:57,500 --> 00:16:00,458
his mental stability came
into question,
327
00:16:00,542 --> 00:16:03,042
and he was also local
during the murders.
328
00:16:03,208 --> 00:16:05,708
Tick, tick, tick, tick.
329
00:16:05,833 --> 00:16:07,708
Fishburne:
Little else is known
330
00:16:07,833 --> 00:16:09,708
about Aaron Kosminski
at the time.
331
00:16:09,833 --> 00:16:12,458
But in 2014,
a British author,
332
00:16:12,583 --> 00:16:16,125
Russell Edwards,
makes a shocking discovery.
333
00:16:16,250 --> 00:16:18,708
- Edwards attends an auction
and buys a shawl
334
00:16:18,875 --> 00:16:21,125
that is supposed to have
belonged to Catherine Eddowes
335
00:16:21,208 --> 00:16:24,333
and had been found on her body
the night of her murder.
336
00:16:24,417 --> 00:16:27,875
- Her found two blood samples
on Eddowes' scarf.
337
00:16:28,042 --> 00:16:30,833
It was his hope
that these blood stains
338
00:16:30,917 --> 00:16:33,208
might lead to the identify
of the Ripper,
339
00:16:33,333 --> 00:16:36,833
and specifically to Kosminski.
340
00:16:36,958 --> 00:16:39,417
The results were very,
very intriguing.
341
00:16:39,542 --> 00:16:41,875
- When they compare the DNA
on the shawl
342
00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:43,917
with the DNA
of Kosminski's descendants,
343
00:16:44,042 --> 00:16:48,000
they discover a match of 99.2%
and a match of 100%.
344
00:16:48,083 --> 00:16:49,917
It sounds like they found him.
345
00:16:50,042 --> 00:16:52,417
However, the DNA on the shawl
that was tested
346
00:16:52,542 --> 00:16:56,292
was mitochondrial DNA
and not nuclear DNA.
347
00:16:56,417 --> 00:16:59,833
- Nuclear DNA can pretty
much identify
348
00:16:59,958 --> 00:17:02,458
an individual, specifically.
349
00:17:02,542 --> 00:17:05,500
On the other hand,
mitochondrial DNA can say
350
00:17:05,583 --> 00:17:10,250
this blood came from someone
with Eastern European ancestry.
351
00:17:10,375 --> 00:17:15,167
So even though this blood
on the scarf of Eddowes
352
00:17:15,250 --> 00:17:17,625
was consistent with Kosminski,
353
00:17:17,750 --> 00:17:22,333
it by no means identified
Kosminski as the murderer.
354
00:17:22,500 --> 00:17:25,250
- So it appears
Jack the Ripper has again
355
00:17:25,375 --> 00:17:27,458
slipped through our grasp.
356
00:17:27,583 --> 00:17:29,125
Fishburne: Or has he?
357
00:17:32,750 --> 00:17:33,083
[dramatic music]
358
00:17:33,208 --> 00:17:34,167
perhaps Offi
359
00:17:34,250 --> 00:17:35,542
Fishburne:
As London police struggle
360
00:17:35,708 --> 00:17:37,000
to find Jack the Ripper,
361
00:17:37,167 --> 00:17:40,625
their task seems
nearly impossible.
362
00:17:40,708 --> 00:17:43,042
- The police comb
through suspect after suspect,
363
00:17:43,167 --> 00:17:45,167
but there's either no evidence
to support
364
00:17:45,292 --> 00:17:47,458
that they were there,
or they have alibis.
365
00:17:47,542 --> 00:17:49,667
So they're left grasping
at straws.
366
00:17:49,792 --> 00:17:53,042
John Pizer, Michael Ostrog,
Aaron Kosminski.
367
00:17:53,167 --> 00:17:55,708
Each of them has seemed like
a promising suspect,
368
00:17:55,833 --> 00:17:57,500
but ultimately each is cleared.
369
00:17:57,625 --> 00:17:59,250
Fishburne:
But one expert believes
370
00:17:59,375 --> 00:18:01,667
Macnaughten was on the right
track with one name,
371
00:18:01,792 --> 00:18:03,167
Kosminski.
372
00:18:03,333 --> 00:18:06,500
It's just a simple case
of mistaken identity.
373
00:18:06,625 --> 00:18:10,167
♪ ♪
374
00:18:10,250 --> 00:18:12,167
- Macnaughten's
initial instincts
375
00:18:12,250 --> 00:18:15,042
with Kosminski were sound,
376
00:18:15,167 --> 00:18:19,375
but later research led us
to a different person
377
00:18:19,500 --> 00:18:21,958
with an even darker history.
378
00:18:22,083 --> 00:18:26,333
Fishburne: In December, 1888,
a man named David Cohen
379
00:18:26,417 --> 00:18:28,792
is admitted
to a London asylum.
380
00:18:28,875 --> 00:18:31,417
- David Cohen wasn't
actually a real name.
381
00:18:31,542 --> 00:18:33,250
It's the name
that the police would use
382
00:18:33,375 --> 00:18:34,875
for an unknown Jewish suspect,
383
00:18:35,000 --> 00:18:38,208
much like we use
the name John Doe today.
384
00:18:38,333 --> 00:18:41,458
- Whilst committed, Cohen
exhibits violent behavior.
385
00:18:41,583 --> 00:18:43,875
He attacks staff.
He attacks women.
386
00:18:44,000 --> 00:18:45,792
He shows violent tendencies,
387
00:18:45,875 --> 00:18:48,625
the very tendencies
that elevates somebody
388
00:18:48,750 --> 00:18:50,958
to Ripper suspect status.
389
00:18:51,042 --> 00:18:54,167
Cohen also had syphilis
and had been treated for it,
390
00:18:54,250 --> 00:18:57,292
which suggests
that he potentially engaged
391
00:18:57,375 --> 00:18:59,333
with prostitutes and may
have caught it from them,
392
00:18:59,458 --> 00:19:01,375
which would attribute
his disdain
393
00:19:01,542 --> 00:19:04,000
to the working ladies
of the East End.
394
00:19:04,125 --> 00:19:07,792
Fishburne: Most notable about
this suspect is the timing.
395
00:19:07,917 --> 00:19:10,458
- The murders cease
after Cohen is committed,
396
00:19:10,542 --> 00:19:13,083
but the police don't make
the connection in time,
397
00:19:13,208 --> 00:19:15,333
and he dies before
his true identity is known.
398
00:19:15,500 --> 00:19:18,292
Fishburne:
Cohen remains anonymous
399
00:19:18,375 --> 00:19:21,542
until 1987 when British
researcher, Martin Fido,
400
00:19:21,667 --> 00:19:25,000
claims to finally know
his true identity.
401
00:19:25,083 --> 00:19:28,167
- Cohen's real name is believed
to be Nathan Kaminski.
402
00:19:28,250 --> 00:19:31,000
Kaminski, Kosminski,
it's very easy to see
403
00:19:31,083 --> 00:19:32,208
how Macnaughten could have
404
00:19:32,375 --> 00:19:34,250
confused one name
for the other.
405
00:19:34,375 --> 00:19:37,250
Fishburne: And the parallels
don't end there.
406
00:19:37,375 --> 00:19:40,333
- Nathan Kaminski was a Jewish
resident at the East End
407
00:19:40,458 --> 00:19:42,833
who was treated for syphilis.
408
00:19:43,000 --> 00:19:45,333
There's one other key detail
about Kaminski.
409
00:19:45,417 --> 00:19:47,333
He was a boot maker,
so he spent hours
410
00:19:47,458 --> 00:19:50,667
working with very sharp tools,
and he wore a leather apron.
411
00:19:50,750 --> 00:19:53,250
- It certainly
appears plausible
412
00:19:53,375 --> 00:19:55,583
that this simply
may have been a mistake
413
00:19:55,708 --> 00:19:58,667
between two names
that were very similar.
414
00:19:58,792 --> 00:20:00,583
♪ ♪
415
00:20:00,708 --> 00:20:03,708
- When Inspector Abberline
retired in 1892,
416
00:20:03,833 --> 00:20:06,000
that was not the end
of the case for him.
417
00:20:06,167 --> 00:20:07,667
He still conducted
more research
418
00:20:07,792 --> 00:20:10,000
in compiling a list
of suspects.
419
00:20:10,167 --> 00:20:12,333
For him,
it was unfinished business.
420
00:20:12,458 --> 00:20:16,542
Fishburne: In 1903, almost
15 years after the crime,
421
00:20:16,708 --> 00:20:19,333
the now retired
chief investigator,
422
00:20:19,500 --> 00:20:23,167
Frederick Abberline,
announces another suspect.
423
00:20:23,292 --> 00:20:26,667
- So a man named
George Chapman was executed
424
00:20:26,792 --> 00:20:29,000
in February, 1903.
425
00:20:29,125 --> 00:20:32,625
And Abberline after reading
that saw the similarities
426
00:20:32,708 --> 00:20:35,292
between the Whitechapel murders
and the murders
427
00:20:35,375 --> 00:20:36,708
that Chapman did.
428
00:20:36,875 --> 00:20:38,417
It convinced him enough
429
00:20:38,542 --> 00:20:41,208
that Chapman may very well
have been Jack the Ripper.
430
00:20:41,333 --> 00:20:44,333
♪ ♪
431
00:20:44,500 --> 00:20:46,208
- George Chapman was not
his birth name.
432
00:20:46,333 --> 00:20:48,583
He was born
as Seweryn Klosowski,
433
00:20:48,708 --> 00:20:51,500
and he came to London
from Poland in 1888,
434
00:20:51,667 --> 00:20:54,708
coincidentally the same year
of the Ripper murders.
435
00:20:54,833 --> 00:20:57,542
- In Poland, he was
a surgeon's assistant,
436
00:20:57,708 --> 00:21:00,167
dressing wounds and the like.
437
00:21:00,250 --> 00:21:02,708
In London, he became a barber
438
00:21:02,833 --> 00:21:06,000
and ran a barbershop
on Cable Street
439
00:21:06,083 --> 00:21:07,417
during the times
of the murders.
440
00:21:07,542 --> 00:21:10,417
Klosowski left for America,
441
00:21:10,542 --> 00:21:14,083
and his departure
from English shores
442
00:21:14,208 --> 00:21:19,208
coincided with the ceasing
of the Jack the Ripper murders.
443
00:21:19,333 --> 00:21:21,708
Fishburne: If Chapman
was Jack the Ripper,
444
00:21:21,875 --> 00:21:26,500
it's possible his killing
streak didn't stop after all.
445
00:21:26,667 --> 00:21:29,958
- George Chapman marries
three more times
446
00:21:30,042 --> 00:21:31,750
over a period of nine years,
447
00:21:31,875 --> 00:21:36,333
and all three succumbed
at his hand to poisoning.
448
00:21:36,458 --> 00:21:38,375
Fishburne:
Chapman is tried
449
00:21:38,500 --> 00:21:41,167
and executed for his wives'
murders in 1903.
450
00:21:41,250 --> 00:21:43,667
♪ ♪
451
00:21:43,792 --> 00:21:46,833
The case generates
headlines for weeks.
452
00:21:46,958 --> 00:21:50,000
- Upon his arrest
and hanging in 1903,
453
00:21:50,083 --> 00:21:52,292
he says to Inspector Godley,
454
00:21:52,375 --> 00:21:54,208
"Congratulations,
you have caught
455
00:21:54,375 --> 00:21:55,625
Jack the Ripper at last."
456
00:21:55,708 --> 00:21:57,667
On Abberline's own admission,
457
00:21:57,750 --> 00:21:59,833
Chapman was not even
on his radar
458
00:21:59,958 --> 00:22:02,333
as a suspect
at the time of the murders,
459
00:22:02,417 --> 00:22:05,542
but due to subsequent
research and Abberline
460
00:22:05,708 --> 00:22:09,000
building a greater profile
of what he was after,
461
00:22:09,083 --> 00:22:12,083
George Chapman just ticked
every box for him.
462
00:22:12,208 --> 00:22:14,500
♪ ♪
463
00:22:14,583 --> 00:22:17,625
Fishburne: But Abberline's
suspicions come too late.
464
00:22:17,750 --> 00:22:20,583
- Chapman was hung,
so he went to his death
465
00:22:20,708 --> 00:22:24,667
without ever being identified
as Jack the Ripper.
466
00:22:24,792 --> 00:22:27,167
We will never
have that answer.
467
00:22:27,292 --> 00:22:27,750
♪ ♪
468
00:22:31,375 --> 00:22:32,625
- Jack the Ripper,
469
00:22:32,708 --> 00:22:35,917
three words at the end
of an 1888 letter
470
00:22:36,042 --> 00:22:39,000
that continue
to elicit fear to this day.
471
00:22:39,125 --> 00:22:41,833
For over a century,
that letter has been thought
472
00:22:42,000 --> 00:22:45,042
to be the only piece
of physical evidence
473
00:22:45,167 --> 00:22:46,917
tied to the true killer.
474
00:22:47,042 --> 00:22:49,625
That changes in 2011
475
00:22:49,750 --> 00:22:52,958
when one man uncovers
a dark family secret.
476
00:22:53,083 --> 00:22:54,417
♪ ♪
477
00:22:54,542 --> 00:22:59,458
May 7th, 1896,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
478
00:22:59,583 --> 00:23:01,792
Inside Moyamensing Prison,
479
00:23:01,875 --> 00:23:05,542
a serial killer
is executed by hanging,
480
00:23:05,708 --> 00:23:09,958
his name, H.H. Holmes.
481
00:23:10,042 --> 00:23:12,750
- H.H. Holmes was taken
down off of the scaffold
482
00:23:12,875 --> 00:23:14,667
and placed
in a double-wide coffin
483
00:23:14,792 --> 00:23:17,125
that was already half full
of cement.
484
00:23:17,208 --> 00:23:20,250
Then the coffin was filled
the rest of the way with cement
485
00:23:20,375 --> 00:23:22,500
and buried
in an unmarked grave.
486
00:23:22,625 --> 00:23:24,333
Fishburne: Decades later,
487
00:23:24,500 --> 00:23:27,125
one man finds out
an alarming fact.
488
00:23:27,208 --> 00:23:29,417
- When I was 40 years old
489
00:23:29,542 --> 00:23:31,458
and my grandfather
had passed away,
490
00:23:31,542 --> 00:23:35,500
I was given some material
which led me to believe
491
00:23:35,583 --> 00:23:38,583
that the man known to history
as Dr. H.H. Holmes
492
00:23:38,708 --> 00:23:42,167
was actually
Herman Webster Mudgett,
493
00:23:42,250 --> 00:23:45,375
my great-great-grandfather.
494
00:23:45,542 --> 00:23:47,833
For the last 10
to 15 years of my life,
495
00:23:47,958 --> 00:23:52,500
I've been researching the
possibility that Dr. Holmes,
496
00:23:52,667 --> 00:23:55,375
along
with the 40 other aliases
497
00:23:55,542 --> 00:23:57,667
he used
on his criminal exploits,
498
00:23:57,833 --> 00:24:01,167
was also the most notorious
cold case of all time,
499
00:24:01,333 --> 00:24:03,000
Jack the Ripper.
500
00:24:03,083 --> 00:24:06,500
♪ ♪
501
00:24:06,667 --> 00:24:08,667
Fishburne:
Born Herman Mudgett,
502
00:24:08,833 --> 00:24:11,208
Holmes moves
to Chicago in 1886,
503
00:24:11,333 --> 00:24:15,500
where he eventually rushes
to build a three-story hotel
504
00:24:15,625 --> 00:24:17,708
for the upcoming World's Fair.
505
00:24:17,875 --> 00:24:19,833
- This World's Fair was
especially important
506
00:24:19,958 --> 00:24:21,833
for Chicago because Chicago
507
00:24:22,000 --> 00:24:24,167
won out over
so many better-known cities.
508
00:24:24,292 --> 00:24:27,083
This was the chance for Chicago
to prove to the world
509
00:24:27,208 --> 00:24:28,917
that they were a city
worth reckoning with.
510
00:24:29,042 --> 00:24:30,750
♪ ♪
511
00:24:30,875 --> 00:24:33,375
- Everyone
that went to the Fair
512
00:24:33,542 --> 00:24:34,750
needed a place to stay.
513
00:24:34,875 --> 00:24:37,833
Holmes knew that.
He planned the building.
514
00:24:37,958 --> 00:24:42,792
He constructed it as a motel
in order for innocent victims
515
00:24:42,875 --> 00:24:45,792
to spend the night
so that he could choose
516
00:24:45,875 --> 00:24:49,833
which one he wanted to pursue
his terrible business.
517
00:24:49,958 --> 00:24:53,625
- He had secret rooms,
rooms that could be sealed off
518
00:24:53,708 --> 00:24:55,333
and people could be suffocated
519
00:24:55,417 --> 00:24:57,375
or rooms
that could be filled with gas.
520
00:24:57,500 --> 00:25:00,125
After Holmes murdered his
victims on the upper floors,
521
00:25:00,208 --> 00:25:01,958
he sent them down chutes
into the basement,
522
00:25:02,083 --> 00:25:05,792
where they could be dissolved
in vats of acid or quicklime.
523
00:25:05,875 --> 00:25:08,167
He would then sell the
skeletons to medical schools
524
00:25:08,292 --> 00:25:10,083
for about $200 each,
525
00:25:10,208 --> 00:25:13,042
which would be $5,000
to $10,000 in today's money.
526
00:25:13,167 --> 00:25:15,333
This is someone
who is truly monstrous.
527
00:25:15,500 --> 00:25:19,500
So much time and dedication
to create the perfect space
528
00:25:19,667 --> 00:25:23,125
for him to murder exactly when
and how he wants to.
529
00:25:23,250 --> 00:25:25,667
Fishburne: Then in 2011,
530
00:25:25,792 --> 00:25:28,750
fresh information
raises new questions.
531
00:25:28,875 --> 00:25:30,667
Could Britain's
infamous serial killer
532
00:25:30,833 --> 00:25:33,500
actually be H.H. Holmes?
533
00:25:33,667 --> 00:25:35,792
- I was approached
by a group of gentlemen
534
00:25:35,917 --> 00:25:38,500
who are also investigating
the possibility
535
00:25:38,625 --> 00:25:41,750
that Holmes had been in London
536
00:25:41,875 --> 00:25:44,583
during the infamous
Whitechapel murders.
537
00:25:44,708 --> 00:25:48,083
He had been there looking
into the possibility
538
00:25:48,208 --> 00:25:51,833
of opening up a business
selling human body parts
539
00:25:51,917 --> 00:25:54,875
and articulated skeletons
to medical schools
540
00:25:55,000 --> 00:25:58,958
and universities,
just as he had done in America.
541
00:25:59,083 --> 00:26:01,667
Fishburne: Jeff believes
Holmes' background
542
00:26:01,792 --> 00:26:04,083
is a perfect match
for the Ripper.
543
00:26:04,208 --> 00:26:06,708
- H.H. Holmes,
as Herman Webster Mudgett,
544
00:26:06,833 --> 00:26:09,375
obtained his degree
as a doctor,
545
00:26:09,542 --> 00:26:13,833
a licensed physician to
practice medicine in America.
546
00:26:13,958 --> 00:26:16,375
Fishburne: Some speculate
that like H.H. Holmes,
547
00:26:16,542 --> 00:26:20,833
Jack the Ripper might be
selling pieces of his victims.
548
00:26:20,958 --> 00:26:22,917
- One of the rumors
going around at the time
549
00:26:23,042 --> 00:26:25,833
was that there was a doctor
who was willing to pay £20
550
00:26:25,958 --> 00:26:27,750
for each human uterus
he received.
551
00:26:27,875 --> 00:26:30,042
Two of Jack the Ripper's
victims had
552
00:26:30,208 --> 00:26:31,458
their uteri removed.
553
00:26:31,542 --> 00:26:33,500
This is similar
to the idea of Holmes
554
00:26:33,583 --> 00:26:35,417
selling human skeletons
for money.
555
00:26:35,542 --> 00:26:36,833
Could they be connected?
556
00:26:36,958 --> 00:26:38,333
Fishburne:
As a next step,
557
00:26:38,458 --> 00:26:41,708
Jeff investigates the infamous
"Dear Boss" letter.
558
00:26:41,875 --> 00:26:43,417
- While I was investigating
the possibility
559
00:26:43,542 --> 00:26:46,458
that Holmes had been in London,
had written "Dear Boss,"
560
00:26:46,542 --> 00:26:48,000
and had murdered
Catherine Eddowes,
561
00:26:48,167 --> 00:26:51,083
I was approached by a gentleman
from Pennsylvania,
562
00:26:51,208 --> 00:26:55,167
and he presented me with
some handwriting comparisons.
563
00:26:55,292 --> 00:26:59,500
I was shown
these handwriting comparisons
564
00:26:59,625 --> 00:27:03,333
with perhaps the most infamous
true crime letter of all time,
565
00:27:03,458 --> 00:27:04,833
"Dear Boss."
566
00:27:04,917 --> 00:27:06,458
It chilled me to the bone.
567
00:27:06,583 --> 00:27:08,458
It was obviously
the same handwriting.
568
00:27:08,542 --> 00:27:12,000
I knew that graphology
and handwriting comparison
569
00:27:12,125 --> 00:27:14,458
was a powerful
forensic science.
570
00:27:14,583 --> 00:27:16,958
I went to the scientists
at the University of Buffalo
571
00:27:17,042 --> 00:27:19,458
who had designed
a computer program,
572
00:27:19,542 --> 00:27:21,083
the CEDAR-FOX system,
573
00:27:21,208 --> 00:27:23,458
which was recognized
by the federal courts,
574
00:27:23,542 --> 00:27:25,708
which was recognized
by the FBI,
575
00:27:25,875 --> 00:27:28,167
which was recognized
by Scotland Yard.
576
00:27:28,292 --> 00:27:30,333
They took the material,
the "Dear Boss" letter
577
00:27:30,500 --> 00:27:34,542
and the Holmes correspondence,
and their professional opinion
578
00:27:34,708 --> 00:27:37,208
was that
it was similar in style.
579
00:27:37,333 --> 00:27:39,042
They ran it
through their system,
580
00:27:39,208 --> 00:27:41,375
and when they returned
with their results,
581
00:27:41,542 --> 00:27:43,667
over 90% similarity.
582
00:27:43,792 --> 00:27:46,500
I needed to tell the world
we had done it.
583
00:27:46,667 --> 00:27:48,625
We had--after 134 years,
584
00:27:48,750 --> 00:27:50,792
we had finally solved
Jack the Ripper.
585
00:27:50,917 --> 00:27:53,250
Fishburne: With such
a prolific crime spree
586
00:27:53,375 --> 00:27:54,833
in America,
587
00:27:54,958 --> 00:27:58,042
how could Holmes have
committed a murder in London?
588
00:27:58,208 --> 00:28:00,583
- While investigating
the possibility
589
00:28:00,708 --> 00:28:02,333
that Holmes
had been in London
590
00:28:02,458 --> 00:28:06,417
at the exact time
of the Whitechapel murders,
591
00:28:06,542 --> 00:28:08,375
we were able
to discover letters
592
00:28:08,500 --> 00:28:12,583
that Holmes had written
expressing his frustration
593
00:28:12,708 --> 00:28:16,708
with being unable to obtain his
favorite American periodicals
594
00:28:16,875 --> 00:28:18,667
while he was in London.
595
00:28:18,833 --> 00:28:22,000
Fishburne: In 2006,
Scotland Yard and the BBC
596
00:28:22,125 --> 00:28:25,583
commissioned a composite
rendering of Jack the Ripper
597
00:28:25,708 --> 00:28:28,917
based on firsthand
accounts from 1888.
598
00:28:29,042 --> 00:28:32,125
- While it's not something
that could prove guilt
599
00:28:32,250 --> 00:28:36,750
at a murder trial, the drawing,
if you'll take a close look,
600
00:28:36,875 --> 00:28:41,542
has a remarkable resemblance
to the photograph
601
00:28:41,708 --> 00:28:44,208
the Boston police took
of H.H. Holmes
602
00:28:44,375 --> 00:28:45,625
after they arrested him.
603
00:28:45,750 --> 00:28:47,667
It's almost exact.
604
00:28:47,833 --> 00:28:49,792
♪ ♪
605
00:28:49,875 --> 00:28:51,333
There is a fascination
606
00:28:51,500 --> 00:28:55,375
with how many H.H. Holmes
actually murdered,
607
00:28:55,542 --> 00:28:57,333
just as there is a fascination
608
00:28:57,417 --> 00:29:00,000
with serial killing
in our society.
609
00:29:00,167 --> 00:29:05,333
We all want to know how many
innocents died at his hand.
610
00:29:05,417 --> 00:29:09,167
One day, I hope to prove
that H.H. Holmes,
611
00:29:09,292 --> 00:29:12,500
my direct ancestor,
my grandfather's grandfather,
612
00:29:12,625 --> 00:29:14,500
is also Jack the Ripper.
613
00:29:14,625 --> 00:29:16,458
♪ ♪
614
00:29:16,583 --> 00:29:19,167
Fishburne: Until that day,
the Holmes theory remains
615
00:29:19,292 --> 00:29:22,042
yet another
intriguing possibility.
616
00:29:25,667 --> 00:29:27,833
Fishburne: At the time
of Jack the Ripper's murders,
617
00:29:27,917 --> 00:29:30,042
and in the decades since,
618
00:29:30,167 --> 00:29:32,500
nearly every investigator
has relied
619
00:29:32,667 --> 00:29:35,458
on one crucial assumption,
620
00:29:35,542 --> 00:29:38,708
that the killer was male.
621
00:29:38,833 --> 00:29:41,333
- Most violent murderers
of women are men,
622
00:29:41,500 --> 00:29:43,458
but not all of them.
623
00:29:43,542 --> 00:29:48,417
- The poor women of East London
were no strangers to courts.
624
00:29:48,542 --> 00:29:51,208
Many were hauled in
for disorderly conduct,
625
00:29:51,375 --> 00:29:54,042
for rough taunts,
for fighting,
626
00:29:54,167 --> 00:29:57,833
for themselves engaging
in violent acts,
627
00:29:57,958 --> 00:30:02,292
sometimes against men,
sometimes against other women.
628
00:30:02,417 --> 00:30:08,292
This understanding that women
were capable of violence
629
00:30:08,417 --> 00:30:11,958
perhaps fueled at least a few
to speculate
630
00:30:12,083 --> 00:30:15,375
that Jack the Ripper might
have been Jill the Ripper...
631
00:30:15,500 --> 00:30:17,292
♪ ♪
632
00:30:17,417 --> 00:30:20,083
A female killer.
633
00:30:20,208 --> 00:30:22,417
- The idea of Jill the Ripper
actually originates
634
00:30:22,542 --> 00:30:24,625
from the time
of the murders themselves.
635
00:30:24,750 --> 00:30:26,292
After the murder
of the fifth victim,
636
00:30:26,417 --> 00:30:27,875
Mary Jane Kelly,
637
00:30:28,042 --> 00:30:29,583
Mary Kelly's estimated time
of death
638
00:30:29,708 --> 00:30:31,833
was between 3:30 and 4:00 a.m.
639
00:30:31,958 --> 00:30:34,458
And this is based on the doctor
looking at her body,
640
00:30:34,583 --> 00:30:35,875
the stiffness of her limbs,
641
00:30:36,042 --> 00:30:37,542
and the temperature
of her body,
642
00:30:37,708 --> 00:30:39,292
as well as witnesses who heard
643
00:30:39,417 --> 00:30:42,542
or last saw
Mary Jane Kelly alive.
644
00:30:42,708 --> 00:30:45,667
There is, however,
one witness, Caroline Maxwell,
645
00:30:45,750 --> 00:30:48,292
who claims to have seen
Mary Jane Kelly the morning
646
00:30:48,375 --> 00:30:51,167
after her murder
at 8:00 and 9:00 a.m.
647
00:30:51,333 --> 00:30:53,833
Caroline was very certain
of her identification
648
00:30:53,958 --> 00:30:56,417
because she knew Kelly
and because Kelly was
649
00:30:56,542 --> 00:30:59,917
wearing a very specific outfit
that Maxwell had seen before,
650
00:31:00,042 --> 00:31:02,833
including
a very specific red shawl.
651
00:31:02,917 --> 00:31:05,083
Despite the fact
that her evidence seems
652
00:31:05,208 --> 00:31:07,083
to go against what
the doctors have said,
653
00:31:07,208 --> 00:31:09,667
Caroline Maxwell is very
certain of both the date
654
00:31:09,833 --> 00:31:11,125
and the time
655
00:31:11,250 --> 00:31:13,250
because of when her husband
would have to go to work.
656
00:31:13,375 --> 00:31:15,792
Fishburne: Although it was
just one witness' account,
657
00:31:15,875 --> 00:31:17,708
Inspector Frederick Abberline
658
00:31:17,875 --> 00:31:20,583
believes there could be
something to it.
659
00:31:20,708 --> 00:31:22,667
- Abberline concludes
660
00:31:22,792 --> 00:31:24,333
that it could've been
the Ripper
661
00:31:24,417 --> 00:31:26,958
who put on
Mary Jane Kelly's clothes
662
00:31:27,083 --> 00:31:29,125
and was seen
by Caroline Maxwell.
663
00:31:29,250 --> 00:31:31,667
So therefore,
the Ripper could be a woman.
664
00:31:31,833 --> 00:31:34,083
♪ ♪
665
00:31:34,208 --> 00:31:35,917
Fishburne:
Abberline, however,
666
00:31:36,042 --> 00:31:39,375
is never able to identify
who this woman might be.
667
00:31:39,542 --> 00:31:43,208
So he moves on
to investigate other theories.
668
00:31:43,375 --> 00:31:46,167
But in 1939,
author William Stewart
669
00:31:46,333 --> 00:31:49,417
picks up
where Abberline left off.
670
00:31:49,542 --> 00:31:53,083
- William Stewart believes
that if Jack the Ripper
671
00:31:53,208 --> 00:31:55,958
actually had been
a woman that she,
672
00:31:56,042 --> 00:31:59,042
in fact,
might've been a midwife.
673
00:31:59,167 --> 00:32:02,375
Many of these young women
were prostitutes.
674
00:32:02,500 --> 00:32:05,000
It would not have
been uncommon
675
00:32:05,125 --> 00:32:07,667
that they would be
seeking an abortion
676
00:32:07,750 --> 00:32:10,000
or, in some cases,
a delivery.
677
00:32:10,125 --> 00:32:13,333
So, therefore,
a midwife walking those streets
678
00:32:13,458 --> 00:32:16,542
in the middle of the night
with an apron with blood
679
00:32:16,667 --> 00:32:21,000
on it would not necessarily
have caused suspicion.
680
00:32:21,125 --> 00:32:23,667
It could've been
fairly commonplace,
681
00:32:23,833 --> 00:32:26,917
given that environment
at that time.
682
00:32:27,042 --> 00:32:28,875
Fishburne:
Stewart points to the state
683
00:32:29,042 --> 00:32:32,042
of Mary Jane Kelly's room
as further proof.
684
00:32:32,167 --> 00:32:34,292
- A midwife could have gotten
close to these women.
685
00:32:34,417 --> 00:32:36,333
When Mary Jane Kelly's body
was discovered,
686
00:32:36,458 --> 00:32:38,750
her clothes were folded
on the chair next to the bed.
687
00:32:38,875 --> 00:32:41,250
This was an indication
that she was very comfortable,
688
00:32:41,375 --> 00:32:43,333
and calm,
and was not surprised
689
00:32:43,458 --> 00:32:45,417
by somebody coming
in unexpectedly.
690
00:32:45,542 --> 00:32:47,125
Fishburne:
But why would a midwife
691
00:32:47,250 --> 00:32:49,625
specifically target
Mary Kelly?
692
00:32:49,708 --> 00:32:52,000
- We don't know
Mary Jane Kelly was killed,
693
00:32:52,167 --> 00:32:54,417
but Stewart suggests
that she asked the midwife
694
00:32:54,542 --> 00:32:55,958
to come
to perform an abortion,
695
00:32:56,083 --> 00:32:57,500
changed her mind,
696
00:32:57,625 --> 00:33:00,083
and then threatens to rat
the midwife out to the police
697
00:33:00,208 --> 00:33:02,792
since abortions were,
at the time, illegal.
698
00:33:02,917 --> 00:33:06,000
Fishburne: If the killer was
a woman, who was she?
699
00:33:06,125 --> 00:33:07,917
- Any surgeon will tell you
700
00:33:08,042 --> 00:33:10,208
that to make
an abdominal incision,
701
00:33:10,375 --> 00:33:13,625
to remove the viscera, requires
a fair amount of strength.
702
00:33:13,750 --> 00:33:17,750
It's not something that can
be done without some power.
703
00:33:17,875 --> 00:33:20,042
And it takes some time.
704
00:33:20,208 --> 00:33:22,458
So that, again,
leads me to believe
705
00:33:22,583 --> 00:33:24,125
that Jack the Ripper
706
00:33:24,208 --> 00:33:27,792
was a fairly well-built,
strong individual.
707
00:33:27,917 --> 00:33:32,542
About two years later,
the police identified a woman
708
00:33:32,667 --> 00:33:36,833
who they thought might
have been Jack the Ripper.
709
00:33:36,958 --> 00:33:40,792
- In December of 1890, a woman
named Mary Pearcey is executed
710
00:33:40,875 --> 00:33:43,417
because she murdered
her lover's wife and child
711
00:33:43,542 --> 00:33:45,042
and dumped their bodies
in the streets.
712
00:33:45,208 --> 00:33:47,000
Similar to
the Ripper's victims,
713
00:33:47,125 --> 00:33:49,750
both the wife and child
had their throats cut.
714
00:33:49,875 --> 00:33:52,667
We don't actually know
very much about Mary Pearcey.
715
00:33:52,792 --> 00:33:54,625
We don't know for sure
that she was a midwife
716
00:33:54,708 --> 00:33:56,000
or had medical knowledge.
717
00:33:56,125 --> 00:33:58,083
But we do know
that she was capable
718
00:33:58,208 --> 00:34:00,083
of this kind of violence.
719
00:34:00,208 --> 00:34:02,167
Ripper investigator
Melville Macnaughten
720
00:34:02,333 --> 00:34:04,167
describes Pearcey saying,
721
00:34:04,292 --> 00:34:06,958
"I have never seen a woman
of stronger physique.
722
00:34:07,042 --> 00:34:09,667
Her nerves were
as iron-cast as her body."
723
00:34:09,833 --> 00:34:12,333
Fishburne: Ultimately,
no female is arrested
724
00:34:12,458 --> 00:34:14,833
in the Jack the Ripper case.
725
00:34:14,958 --> 00:34:16,417
- I can understand
why Macnaughten
726
00:34:16,542 --> 00:34:18,667
may have thought this,
but people at the time
727
00:34:18,792 --> 00:34:20,292
especially would not
have wanted to believe
728
00:34:20,417 --> 00:34:22,917
that a young woman would've
been capable of such things.
729
00:34:23,042 --> 00:34:24,708
Fishburne: At the time,
730
00:34:24,833 --> 00:34:27,042
that was the end
of the Jill the Ripper theory
731
00:34:27,208 --> 00:34:29,333
until new evidence surfaces.
732
00:34:29,458 --> 00:34:33,167
- In May of 2006,
an Australian researcher,
733
00:34:33,250 --> 00:34:35,208
Ian Findlay,
734
00:34:35,333 --> 00:34:39,333
identified female DNA
from the saliva
735
00:34:39,417 --> 00:34:43,625
of one of the envelopes that
was sent by Jack the Ripper.
736
00:34:43,708 --> 00:34:47,167
However, I think you need
to put this in the context
737
00:34:47,292 --> 00:34:50,875
of even
with modern DNA analysis,
738
00:34:51,042 --> 00:34:55,250
you're still dealing with
samples over a century old.
739
00:34:55,375 --> 00:34:58,000
And I think
that calls into question
740
00:34:58,125 --> 00:35:01,708
how valid those findings are.
741
00:35:01,875 --> 00:35:05,417
It's really a shame that
we can't explore this further.
742
00:35:05,542 --> 00:35:07,917
But I think for the time being,
743
00:35:08,042 --> 00:35:12,125
we should continue to refer
to him as Jack the Ripper.
744
00:35:15,917 --> 00:35:17,667
Fishburne: There's no doubt
that the most famous
745
00:35:17,792 --> 00:35:20,875
unsolved murder case
in London's history is
746
00:35:21,042 --> 00:35:23,333
that of Jack the Ripper.
747
00:35:23,458 --> 00:35:28,917
- Jack the Ripper ruthlessly
ended the lives of five women.
748
00:35:29,042 --> 00:35:31,667
But his legacy has been
749
00:35:31,792 --> 00:35:35,250
immensely productive
of cultural forms,
750
00:35:35,375 --> 00:35:39,417
of novels, documentaries,
works of art,
751
00:35:39,542 --> 00:35:43,333
each of which seeks
to try to tell this story
752
00:35:43,458 --> 00:35:46,833
and understand its meanings.
753
00:35:46,958 --> 00:35:49,292
Fishburne: But what
if this famed British mystery
754
00:35:49,417 --> 00:35:52,500
isn't strictly British?
755
00:35:52,667 --> 00:35:56,083
- In 2005, Trevor Marriott
releases a book
756
00:35:56,208 --> 00:35:59,583
that offers a new possibility,
a new suspect,
757
00:35:59,708 --> 00:36:02,375
bringing infamy
to a relatively unknown.
758
00:36:02,542 --> 00:36:04,792
It suggests that the Ripper
might have been
759
00:36:04,875 --> 00:36:09,250
a merchant seaman who never
lived in London at all
760
00:36:09,375 --> 00:36:11,833
but was docked at the Thames
761
00:36:11,958 --> 00:36:14,125
during the times
of the Jack the Ripper murders.
762
00:36:14,208 --> 00:36:17,000
[dramatic music]
763
00:36:17,167 --> 00:36:19,542
♪ ♪
764
00:36:19,708 --> 00:36:23,250
In 1894, Juliana Hoffman
is found slain
765
00:36:23,375 --> 00:36:25,167
in her New York apartment.
766
00:36:25,250 --> 00:36:27,375
Her throat was cut
from ear to ear.
767
00:36:27,542 --> 00:36:31,458
Two years later,
the culprit was executed
768
00:36:31,542 --> 00:36:34,667
in Sing Sing Prison
via electrocution.
769
00:36:34,750 --> 00:36:37,833
Her killer was a man
named Carl Feigenbaum,
770
00:36:38,000 --> 00:36:41,208
and his lawyer
upon his execution has said,
771
00:36:41,333 --> 00:36:43,417
"I believe
that Carl Feigenbaum,
772
00:36:43,542 --> 00:36:45,833
whom you have just seen put to
death in the electric chair,
773
00:36:45,917 --> 00:36:48,708
"can easily be connected with
the Jack the Ripper murders
774
00:36:48,875 --> 00:36:50,500
in Whitechapel, London."
775
00:36:50,625 --> 00:36:52,583
Fishburne: When
Trevor Marriott digs deeper,
776
00:36:52,708 --> 00:36:54,667
he realizes
there's a chance
777
00:36:54,833 --> 00:36:56,917
that Feigenbaum's lawyer
was right.
778
00:36:57,042 --> 00:37:00,333
- The docks on the Thames are
in very close proximity
779
00:37:00,458 --> 00:37:03,208
to the murder sites
in Whitechapel,
780
00:37:03,333 --> 00:37:05,250
so that does lend to the fact
781
00:37:05,375 --> 00:37:06,708
that he could have done this.
782
00:37:06,875 --> 00:37:09,625
He was definitely
close enough.
783
00:37:09,750 --> 00:37:13,250
- As a merchant seaman,
such as Feigenbaum,
784
00:37:13,375 --> 00:37:14,542
they would never have
been caught
785
00:37:14,708 --> 00:37:16,333
because they come into port,
786
00:37:16,458 --> 00:37:18,208
commit the murder,
and then leave,
787
00:37:18,375 --> 00:37:21,333
only to return again
to commit the next murder.
788
00:37:21,458 --> 00:37:23,042
Fishburne:
When Marriott analyzes
789
00:37:23,167 --> 00:37:24,500
London's port records,
790
00:37:24,625 --> 00:37:27,083
his theory becomes
more plausible.
791
00:37:27,208 --> 00:37:31,250
- Trevor Marriott believes that
Carl Feigenbaum was German.
792
00:37:31,375 --> 00:37:34,292
And his theory
on Feigenbaum centers
793
00:37:34,375 --> 00:37:37,250
around the Norddeutscher
Lloyd Shipping Company.
794
00:37:37,375 --> 00:37:38,958
According to Trevor's theory,
795
00:37:39,083 --> 00:37:43,083
a lot of vessels from
this German shipping company
796
00:37:43,208 --> 00:37:47,708
had boats docked in London
at the time of the murders.
797
00:37:47,875 --> 00:37:49,333
And that could place him
798
00:37:49,500 --> 00:37:51,792
on the Norddeutscher line
of vessels.
799
00:37:51,917 --> 00:37:53,417
Fishburne:
According to Marriott,
800
00:37:53,542 --> 00:37:56,708
the killings
might not stop there.
801
00:37:56,833 --> 00:37:59,167
- This theory makes
a lot of sense,
802
00:37:59,333 --> 00:38:01,083
in part because the police
were looking
803
00:38:01,208 --> 00:38:02,500
very specifically at locals,
804
00:38:02,625 --> 00:38:05,542
at people living there or
with connections to the area.
805
00:38:05,708 --> 00:38:08,583
And especially because Jack
the Ripper was never caught.
806
00:38:08,708 --> 00:38:10,667
And so Jack the Ripper
may have had murders
807
00:38:10,833 --> 00:38:14,333
in other ports of call
that were never connected back.
808
00:38:14,417 --> 00:38:15,958
- Marriott
does further research
809
00:38:16,083 --> 00:38:18,167
into the Norddeutscher Lloyd
Shipping Company
810
00:38:18,250 --> 00:38:22,958
and tracks departures from
Bremen and analyzes the times
811
00:38:23,083 --> 00:38:25,375
that they are docked
in other countries.
812
00:38:25,500 --> 00:38:27,458
He stated in addition
813
00:38:27,583 --> 00:38:29,000
to the London killings,
814
00:38:29,125 --> 00:38:31,667
there are six prostitutes
murdered in Nicaragua
815
00:38:31,833 --> 00:38:35,000
in January, 1889,
one in Wisconsin in 1890,
816
00:38:35,125 --> 00:38:38,333
two more in Germany and
Switzerland that same year,
817
00:38:38,458 --> 00:38:40,750
and three more in America
through 1894,
818
00:38:40,875 --> 00:38:44,042
all of which coincide with
those German merchant vessels
819
00:38:44,208 --> 00:38:45,667
coming and going.
820
00:38:45,750 --> 00:38:47,667
Many of the woman
had their throats cut,
821
00:38:47,792 --> 00:38:50,167
which is a Ripper trademark.
822
00:38:50,292 --> 00:38:54,625
The targets were also similar.
Many were prostitutes.
823
00:38:54,750 --> 00:38:58,833
So there was definitely a
crossover between the killings
824
00:38:59,000 --> 00:39:01,333
that Marriott found
in other countries,
825
00:39:01,458 --> 00:39:04,375
along with the Ripper murders
in London.
826
00:39:04,500 --> 00:39:06,500
Fishburne: But without
more solid evidence,
827
00:39:06,625 --> 00:39:10,083
it's impossible
to prove Feigenbaum's guilt.
828
00:39:10,208 --> 00:39:11,792
- While there is evidence
829
00:39:11,875 --> 00:39:15,667
that contradicts Feigenbaum
as Jack the Ripper,
830
00:39:15,833 --> 00:39:18,708
the underlying theory
of the killer
831
00:39:18,875 --> 00:39:22,708
being a merchant seaman
is very credible.
832
00:39:22,875 --> 00:39:26,167
- It's interesting, sure,
but tying all of this
833
00:39:26,333 --> 00:39:29,167
to one man is
a bit of a stretch.
834
00:39:29,333 --> 00:39:31,833
I mean, there are plenty
of misogynistic,
835
00:39:32,000 --> 00:39:34,333
violent men in the world.
836
00:39:34,458 --> 00:39:35,333
I mean, just look at how many
837
00:39:35,458 --> 00:39:36,833
we've spoken of
just from London.
838
00:39:36,958 --> 00:39:38,750
♪ ♪
839
00:39:38,875 --> 00:39:41,500
- The most powerful evidence
that we have
840
00:39:41,667 --> 00:39:46,792
about the Ripper's crimes
were the bodies of his victims.
841
00:39:46,875 --> 00:39:48,083
♪ ♪
842
00:39:48,208 --> 00:39:51,875
And while he taunted
the police and the public
843
00:39:52,042 --> 00:39:56,250
by producing
for himself a diabolical,
844
00:39:56,375 --> 00:40:00,167
wicked, witty public persona,
845
00:40:00,333 --> 00:40:04,083
he left behind
so few hard clues
846
00:40:04,208 --> 00:40:08,083
by which we can actually
nail down who he was.
847
00:40:08,208 --> 00:40:12,667
Fishburne: Can we ever crack
the case of Jack the Ripper?
848
00:40:12,792 --> 00:40:14,667
- I don't think
we're ever going to find out
849
00:40:14,792 --> 00:40:16,375
who Jack the Ripper
really was,
850
00:40:16,542 --> 00:40:18,750
but I also don't think
we're gonna stop looking.
851
00:40:18,875 --> 00:40:22,333
♪ ♪
852
00:40:22,417 --> 00:40:24,667
- There may be
no killing spree in history
853
00:40:24,792 --> 00:40:26,500
with more possible suspects
854
00:40:26,667 --> 00:40:28,625
and fewer pieces
of concrete evidence
855
00:40:28,708 --> 00:40:30,208
than the one committed
856
00:40:30,375 --> 00:40:33,500
by the self-proclaimed
Jack the Ripper.
857
00:40:33,667 --> 00:40:35,708
But with so many
obsessed investigators
858
00:40:35,875 --> 00:40:37,833
dedicated to closing this case,
859
00:40:37,958 --> 00:40:41,917
perhaps soon Jack the Ripper
will get a new name,
860
00:40:42,042 --> 00:40:45,958
one that finally reveals
his true identity.
861
00:40:46,042 --> 00:40:47,292
I'm Laurence Fishburne.
862
00:40:47,417 --> 00:40:51,000
Thank you for watching
"History's Greatest Mysteries."
67843
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