All language subtitles for 023 How To Rotate 3D Forms In Your Head.en

OK in this lecture we're going to be talking about how to rotate 30 forms in your head.

So what I mean by this is let's say for example this Eraser is its own form.

And what we want to do is we want to be able to draw this out of our head but not only out of our head

but we want to be able to rotate and see it from different angles from top view from the bottom view.

We want to be able to rotate that object in our head.

Now this is a really useful skill and we'll take a little bit of practice and a good amount of observation

but you will get it down.

So what we're going to start with is we're just going to start with super simple forms.

So the cube for example.

So we're going to start off by just drawing a straight on sort of elevation view.

So if you've ever seen blueprints for a house they usually come with elevation views which is just a

side view or a front view of the house and there's no perspective.

That means that there's no lines tapering off to a vanishing point.

So let's go ahead and let's just draw a cube as a square strong some straight lines.

All right great.

So there's a cube but we're looking at it from the side so we're not really seeing very much information

about it.

So this is a side view somewhere go ahead and just label this a side

and then I'm gonna go ahead and do a top down diagram so we can kind of see what the position of this

cube is.

If we were looking straight down on it and it's basically just going to look exactly the same

so there is my top view.

All right great.

Now let's go ahead and let's rotate this.

About 45 degrees so if we're looking at it from the top down view what we're gonna do is we're going

to rotate it kind of like that.

So just kind makes a diamond shape in a way but a small square or cube.

So that's still our top down view.

So what is it going to look like if we rotate over here.

Well since we're doing this in an elevation style where there's no perspective whatsoever we're basically

going to get the same sized Square

as we had before

that but this time we're going to get is we're going to see the corner right here because if we basically

bring this down we're gonna get a corner right in the center of that because it's at a 45 degree angle.

So now we can see this surface right here and we can see that surface right here when we're looking

at it from the side view.

So let's go ahead and let's draw a simple grid system on these cubes just so we can kind of get a better

understanding of what's going on here.

So if we're looking straight on to the side view of this cube we're basically just getting a grid system

like that being projected on it.

Now if we do the same thing to this one where basically we get that same grid system projected on both

sides but it's gonna be squashed a little bit.

So you can see that we get these lines going to the center and we get these lines going through here.

So it's that same grid system but since we're seeing these two surfaces on this cube we're getting them

squashed because we're seeing them on both sides but it still needs to fit within that same width.

All right great.

So let's go ahead and let's just shade one of these sides and just so you can kind of get a better feel

for what's going on here.

All right.

So let's go ahead and let's take these same cubes and we're going to actually change it up a little

bit.

So we're going to do the same thing kind of but now we're going to see a little bit more of a top down

view.

So not a complete top down view like we see up here but it'll be similar.

We want to just see some perspective.

So we're now we're not doing elevations anymore.

We're doing one point perspective cubes.

So go ahead.

Just draw a square for the front surface of my cube

like that.

But this time I'm going to see the top surface and it's going to taper off in two lines like this that

are going to angle and towards each other and then you'll see the back line of this cube like that.

So now I'm seeing a front view of the cube.

I'm also seeing a little bit of that top surface up here.

So if we were to go ahead and just draw that grid system on the surface of our cube again

it would look like that.

So this is basically that same cube but now we're introducing perspective and the camera is kind of

moving a little bit more up.

So we're seeing that top surface there.

So what if we were to rotate this a 45 degree angle.

It's basically going to be the same as this cue.

But the difference is we're going to see that top view a little bit.

So that means these top lines are going to angle inwards

great.

Now we can go and draw that grid system on their

just like that.

So you can see that we basically took this cube right here and we just angled the camera so is a little

bit more above it.

So we can see that top surface.

Same with this one we move the camera up a little bit so we can see that top surface and that introduced

perspective.

All right let's go and shade this side and just so we can kind of grasp the form a little bit more.

All right.

So what's going on when we're rotating an object because this is kind of simple.

It's going from a side view to a 45 degree angle view and that's simple enough but what if we want to

do rotations in between.

Let's go ahead and let's draw a cube at an angle.

It doesn't have to be a specific angle because we just want to make sure that the next cube that we

draw is rotated a little bit more.

So it's basically going to be kind of a copy of that one right there.

All right great.

Then we can go ahead and draw that grid system on their

perfect what we want to do now is we want to go ahead and we want to rotate this cube a little bit more

so we want to kind of rotate it around in that direction.

So what do we need to do in order to do that.

Well what's going to happen is one of these faces are gonna squash and the angles are gonna get more

tight and angular and the other side the angles can become a little bit more flat and it's going to

stretch out.

So let me show you what I mean.

So basically this surface right here.

That right there.

If it's rotating that rotating around that way this is going to stretch

and then this surface right here that's going to squash

all right.

So let's go ahead and do that.

So as this rotates around this side needs to stretch.

So rather than drawing it at the same exact angle we want it to be a little bit longer because it's

stretching out and we want this angle right here to go for more like that to being a little bit less

angle and a little bit more flat

maybe we could actually bring that out just a little bit more

and then this surface right here.

We want it to squash as it rotates around and we want this angle right here on the cube to get a little

bit more angled upwards.

It's gonna become a little bit more dramatic of an angle

here you can bring that out a little bit more

and go and darken these lines

at our grid to it.

So we have a little bit more of understanding of the surfaces.

Great so there we go.

So this may not be a perfect rotation.

It seems like the camera kind of went down just a little bit from that view to that view but that's

all right.

The main thing we want to understand is how do we rotate that object.

So if we want to rotate it one surface needs to become stretched and the other surface needs to become

squashed.

And then if we want a more top down view this surface up here needs to become stretched out more or

so like right here.

It becomes more stretched out.

We see more of that surface and right here on this Cube It got squashed a little bit.

And so that's creating more of a side view rather than a top down view.

All right let's go ahead and let's look at some more examples so let's say that we were doing a sphere.

So if we're doing a sphere we want to see the top down view.

So I know it looks like a rectangle but a sphere looks like a rectangle.

If you don't have any shading on it or anything like that and you're just looking at it from a top down

view or from a side view whichever one you want to call it.

But in this case it's going to be a top down view.

So when we see it from the top it looks like a rectangle when we see it from the front

it looks like a circle

then if we want to go ahead and rotate that to a 45 degree angle so from the top view it's gonna look

like this

and then from a side view basically going to go ahead and take this circle and we're going to squish

it.

So just like we had to squish these sides when it rotates we need to do the same thing here.

So this circle needs to get squished in half basically.

So we want to turn it into an ellipse like that and we want to get that same curve over here on this

side.

Now we can just draw two straight lines coming across like that.

Great.

And then let's go ahead let's draw crosshairs like that on that front surface so that that way we can

see it too over here get a feeling for that surface then we'll draw a line down the center like that

and I'm going to draw rings coming around here just to show

the surface of that sphere.

We wanted to we could even go ahead shade the bottom side just to kind of give us a little bit more

information about what's going on there.

All right great.

So now what we want to see kind of like this cube over here we want a little bit more of a top down

do you.

So let's go ahead and take this view of the sphere where we're only seeing the round circle part of

it and let's go ahead and redraw that.

Now we're gonna go ahead and draw a line angling back like that and like that just like we did with

this cube.

But then instead of doing a straight line across we want to copy this arch right there to the back just

like we did with this fear over here.

I mean with that cylinder All right.

So then let's go ahead and cross crosshairs and we'll go ahead and read these lines that wrap around

Great Snow let's go ahead turn that to a 45 degree angle.

So what we're going to get is we're gonna go ahead take this circle squish it

just like we did up here and I'm gonna go ahead draw these lines going back in England

and then we'll go ahead and add that curve right there right there.

We can get at the cross hairs and these curved lines.

So now what if we want to just rotate one of these slightly so kind of like we did with this cube over

here.

We want to rotate somewhere in between this view and that view right there.

Maybe that view and the side view.

So what do we need to do to do that.

So let's go ahead and let's just draw a cylinder at a 45 degree angle

and we'll go ahead put that grid system on their

maps.

Make sure you follow the same curve on this

perfect.

And then if we want to go ahead and we want to rotate it around.

So just like we do with the other one it's going to rotate something like that.

How do we do that.

Well we basically do the same thing that we did with this cube over here.

We need to squish one side and we need to stretch the other.

So in this case since it's rotating the same way this front surface right there is gonna get squished

so go and squish it like that more of an squished ellipse.

And that means that this curve right here all the way through to the other side is gonna be more squished

to it'll be closer to a straight line than it will be to the roundness of a circle.

Now we can go ahead and then this surface right here is going to get stretched.

So I actually need to stretch it out a little bit more so if we go ahead take our pencil let's go ahead

and kind of measure that to get an idea and used to be longer than that.

So I need to probably bring it out more to like right there and I'll go ahead draw a line connecting

those edges

and draw that grid on their

perfect.

So now we have a slightly rotated cylinder right there so just remember the main thing about rotating

objects is surfaces are either gonna squish or they're going to stretch.

So if we're seeing more if the the surface is like this and then it's rotating around so we can see

it.

It's gonna become more stretched and if it's rotating away you can see my hand looks like it gets thinner.

That's because it is turning away so it's going to squish.

All right let's have a look at one more example.

So we looked at the side profile rotations What if we want to rotate from more of a sort of side view

to more of a top down view.

So let's use a pyramid for an example.

So if we go ahead and we draw the base of a pyramid we're going to draw it kind of like a a cube surface

the top of a surface like that in perspective the winner go to draw a line from corner to corner like

that so we can find the center.

And I'm going to draw a line coming straight up from that and that's going to be the peak of our pyramid.

It can be wherever we want.

So what we want to do is we want to go ahead and connect each corner to the peak of the pyramid so the

peak the pyramid will be there.

We'll go ahead draw a line from here to there to that corner one from that corner to the peak right

there and one from that peak down to that corner just like that.

And then this part back here will be covered so we don't have to draw that.

Go ahead darken those lines down there.

So now we have a view of a pyramid.

Let's go ahead and let's shade on one side.

Sylvia Corchado

now let's go ahead and do a midtown shadow on this side.

You'll see why we're doing this in a second it's just so that when we see the top down view it makes

a little bit more sense that we can go ahead and draw two lines coming off like this.

And that's gonna be our cash.

Shadow

that far off.

All right great.

So now let's go ahead and let's do more of a top down view.

So we want.

We don't want to do a complete top down view but we want to do more of a top down view.

We want to be able to see these back surfaces because we're looking down on it so much.

So what we need to do is we need to go ahead and redraw the surface or the square that we use to build

our pyramid off of.

But we want to see it more stretched out.

So rather than being squashed like this or like we had it right here where it looks more like a diamond

we want to kind of stretch it out.

So it looks closer to a square.

It still needs to be squashed a little bit so we're not seeing a complete top down view something like

that.

Give us more of a top down view then we'll draw a line to the from corner to corner to find the center

where they cross.

No just draw a line straight up.

And what we need to do here is as a camera or the viewer begins to move more towards above.

So if our camera is up here now looking looking down at that pyramid what we need to do is we need to

start squishing things like how tall our pyramid appears to be in 2D at least it's not necessarily it's

not actually getting squished but the way we're viewing it is becoming more swish.

So let's go ahead and measure that line right there their pencil.

It's about that long.

So it needs to be shorter than that.

So that's about how long it was before.

We need to bring it down quite a bit.

So I want to go ahead and bring it down to write about their

now I'm just guesstimating you can draw all this stuff in perfect perspective and make sure you're rotating

it perfectly but this is about how to rotate it and your head is not about how to draw the actual prospective

lines in the horizon line and rotate it perfectly it's about no one in your head how to rotate something

and it doesn't have to be perfect especially when you're drawing character designs it just has to be

close enough.

So now we'll go ahead and connect from that corner to that point from that corner of that point from

that corner to that point

now.

I think that this example didn't work out so well.

So we're going to go and redraw another one so if I go ahead and show this in and I do a midterm shadow

over here and then I do my cash shadow coming off like that

you can see that we are seeing a little bit more of a different view.

It's a little bit more of a top down view but we didn't get the effect I was talking about where we

can see all four sides so let's go ahead and let's redraw one more just so I can kind of show you exactly

what it is that I'm talking about.

So grab me a piece of paper.

So in this case let's go ahead and let's just draw almost a perfect diamond like this.

So we're just drawing that surface down there.

It's gonna be the tiniest bit squashed but not by a whole lot.

Then we're gonna go ahead and find that middle and then our line is and come straight up.

But in this case it's going to be much much shorter because we're seeing it from such a top down view.

If we're looking straight onto it it would actually just appear to be a dot.

We're looking straight down on it but we're angled a little bit more towards the side just the tiniest

bit.

And so we're gonna actually still see that center line that peaks up of where the tip of our pyramid

is.

So now we can go ahead Mark that as our point and draw a line connecting from that corner that corner

will connect back to all our corners and because we can see these back surfaces now they're going to

connect back to those corners as well.

It's gotten dark in all these lines.

So now we can go ahead and shading our core shadow

shading our tones.

We can go ahead and draw the guides for cash shadow shape that in

dark in this core shadow in just a little bit more

but I can see this is basically the same pyramid we're just seeing it for more of a top down view.

So that's how we go ahead and we take something from a side view and make it more of a top down view.

We do the same thing we do over here.

We just squish it vertically instead of horizontally.

So all rotating things in your head is about squishing and stretching different surfaces depending on

how it's rotating.

Now this is going to take a little bit of observation and I recommend you draw things from life because

it's going to rotate them and then draw and rotate it and draw it especially just simple things like

a cube or sphere or whatever all spheres the same everywhere.

So don't draw a sphere in rotation but cubes and cylinders and all kinds of stuff like that draw him

from life and rotate them a little bit and draw them again and you're gonna start to really understand

how things work and rotate in the real world but this is a really important part of character zine is

being able to rotate forms Well that brings us to the end of this lecture.

Thanks for watching and I'll see you guys in the next one.