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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:01:52,491 --> 00:01:56,173 Yesterday, I received another crazy letter, 2 00:01:56,250 --> 00:01:58,293 unsigned and without a sender, 3 00:01:58,408 --> 00:02:00,652 postmarked San Francisco. 4 00:02:00,729 --> 00:02:04,449 "Escher, you're an utter madman. 5 00:02:04,526 --> 00:02:07,653 Yes, utterly, beautifully mad. 6 00:02:07,729 --> 00:02:10,731 I thank the source of your madness. 7 00:02:10,808 --> 00:02:12,850 A math teacher." 8 00:02:12,927 --> 00:02:15,046 How on Earth? 9 00:02:22,805 --> 00:02:29,249 I feel uncertain when the sky is dark. 10 00:02:29,326 --> 00:02:31,685 The hippies in San Francisco 11 00:02:31,771 --> 00:02:35,128 continue to print my work clandestinely. 12 00:02:35,205 --> 00:02:38,647 I managed to get hold of a couple of horrendous results 13 00:02:38,724 --> 00:02:41,083 through the mediation of a friendly customer 14 00:02:41,170 --> 00:02:43,049 who lives in that area. 15 00:02:43,126 --> 00:02:45,571 I cannot understand why 16 00:02:45,648 --> 00:02:48,084 the out-of-control youths of today 17 00:02:48,209 --> 00:02:50,731 appreciate my work so much, 18 00:02:50,808 --> 00:02:53,924 but it does get tiring after a while. 19 00:02:55,727 --> 00:02:59,084 I receive placemats with my work printed on them. 20 00:03:00,848 --> 00:03:03,687 They just go ahead and do it without asking me 21 00:03:03,802 --> 00:03:06,209 or being ashamed of it. 22 00:03:11,685 --> 00:03:13,603 My first exposure to Escher 23 00:03:13,689 --> 00:03:19,088 was in either late '66 or early 1967. 24 00:03:19,165 --> 00:03:21,045 I was at my apartment in London, 25 00:03:21,122 --> 00:03:24,526 and there was a knock at the door. 26 00:03:24,603 --> 00:03:26,041 And a friend of mine, Eric Burdon, 27 00:03:26,127 --> 00:03:29,043 who is a lead singer for The Animals, 28 00:03:29,129 --> 00:03:30,961 a very popular group, 29 00:03:31,047 --> 00:03:34,404 was on my doorstep with a book in his hand, 30 00:03:34,480 --> 00:03:36,044 and the book he had brought 31 00:03:36,120 --> 00:03:38,403 was one of the early Escher books, 32 00:03:38,489 --> 00:03:41,922 and I must tell you that, uh... 33 00:03:42,009 --> 00:03:44,886 I think it literally changed my life. 34 00:03:44,962 --> 00:03:49,326 So I called him, and I said, "Good morning, Mr. Escher. 35 00:03:49,402 --> 00:03:51,205 I don't want to disturb you. 36 00:03:51,282 --> 00:03:52,682 I'm an Englishman. 37 00:03:52,769 --> 00:03:54,360 I just wanted to let you know 38 00:03:54,447 --> 00:03:56,806 what a brilliant artist I think you are." 39 00:03:56,883 --> 00:03:58,599 And that's all I wanted to say. 40 00:03:58,686 --> 00:04:01,965 But then he said, "I'm not an artist." 41 00:04:03,922 --> 00:04:05,964 And it was shocking to me 42 00:04:06,041 --> 00:04:09,561 to hear Escher tell me that he wasn't an artist, 43 00:04:09,647 --> 00:04:11,565 because of course, I think he is. 44 00:04:11,642 --> 00:04:14,519 So I said, "Okay, if you're not an artist, 45 00:04:14,605 --> 00:04:15,727 what are you?" 46 00:04:15,804 --> 00:04:19,285 He said, "I'm a mathematician." 47 00:04:19,362 --> 00:04:22,565 I thought, "Wow, he doesn't really know 48 00:04:22,641 --> 00:04:29,479 or understand how popular and why his work is so popular 49 00:04:29,565 --> 00:04:31,886 amongst all the younger generations. 50 00:04:51,680 --> 00:04:54,921 Yesterday, I received a visit from English artists. 51 00:04:54,998 --> 00:04:58,757 He was dressed up like a clown in blue and red all over. 52 00:04:58,844 --> 00:05:01,279 She had full circles around her eyes. 53 00:05:01,366 --> 00:05:04,406 It's all very nice, these little love-ins. 54 00:05:04,483 --> 00:05:06,362 They came to offer me flowers. 55 00:05:06,439 --> 00:05:08,242 I don't understand it. 56 00:05:08,319 --> 00:05:10,601 They appreciate my work while I don't care one bit 57 00:05:10,678 --> 00:05:12,845 for what they're making these days. 58 00:05:12,922 --> 00:05:14,878 You make op art. 59 00:05:14,964 --> 00:05:17,477 I don't even know what it is, "op art." 60 00:05:17,602 --> 00:05:20,364 I've been making this work for years. 61 00:05:20,440 --> 00:05:23,480 I keep wandering around in riddles. 62 00:05:57,918 --> 00:06:03,519 On June the 17th, 1898, I was born here in Leeuwarden 63 00:06:03,595 --> 00:06:05,916 in this stately home. 64 00:06:08,477 --> 00:06:10,443 The Princessehof. 65 00:06:17,079 --> 00:06:19,879 I come from an exact sciences family, 66 00:06:19,956 --> 00:06:21,720 and I have the privilege of having parents 67 00:06:21,797 --> 00:06:25,556 who are not only educated, but wealthy as well. 68 00:06:28,798 --> 00:06:30,879 I am a vulnerable boy, 69 00:06:30,956 --> 00:06:32,835 and the pediatrician prescribes me 70 00:06:32,922 --> 00:06:35,319 a fairly long stay at the seaside, 71 00:06:35,396 --> 00:06:39,999 at the Children's Pension Villa Groot Kijkduin. 72 00:06:40,076 --> 00:06:43,682 I also attend school there. 73 00:06:43,758 --> 00:06:47,076 The only bright spots are the drawing lessons, 74 00:06:47,153 --> 00:06:48,841 not because I'm good at it, 75 00:06:48,918 --> 00:06:50,356 but because it's my only comfort 76 00:06:50,433 --> 00:06:53,521 during this awful time. 77 00:06:53,598 --> 00:06:57,558 The fear of not being able to keep up is the problem. 78 00:07:08,520 --> 00:07:13,200 Come around tomorrow afternoon... 79 00:07:13,276 --> 00:07:14,878 After secondary school, 80 00:07:14,955 --> 00:07:17,400 I attend the Haarlem School of Architecture 81 00:07:17,477 --> 00:07:19,395 and Decorative Arts. 82 00:07:27,076 --> 00:07:31,516 My graphics arts teacher is Jessurun de Mesquita. 83 00:07:31,593 --> 00:07:33,674 I owe a lot to him. 84 00:07:33,751 --> 00:07:35,918 He saw potential in my woodcuts, 85 00:07:35,995 --> 00:07:37,635 and after only three days, 86 00:07:37,712 --> 00:07:41,711 he forced a switch to continue in that direction. 87 00:07:41,797 --> 00:07:43,312 Had he not spoken with my parents, 88 00:07:43,398 --> 00:07:46,036 I would've continued in architecture, 89 00:07:46,112 --> 00:07:47,791 and I have never had an interest 90 00:07:47,877 --> 00:07:49,996 in building houses. 91 00:08:03,595 --> 00:08:06,434 I can work like a dog one day 92 00:08:06,549 --> 00:08:09,071 and hardly do a thing the next. 93 00:08:09,157 --> 00:08:11,794 On those days, I stride up and down the room 94 00:08:11,871 --> 00:08:14,393 like a madman, when I'm being consumed 95 00:08:14,470 --> 00:08:18,316 by the desire to give shape to a grand idea 96 00:08:18,392 --> 00:08:20,713 without the ability to do so. 97 00:08:29,076 --> 00:08:32,912 For instance, I'm working on a drawing of trees. 98 00:08:32,988 --> 00:08:34,993 The result strongly conveys the idea 99 00:08:35,069 --> 00:08:38,512 of a procession, a stately row of trees 100 00:08:38,589 --> 00:08:41,830 walking hither from far away across the hills 101 00:08:41,917 --> 00:08:44,592 and which, after climbing the last hill, 102 00:08:44,669 --> 00:08:49,234 suddenly stands before us gigantic and threatening. 103 00:08:49,311 --> 00:08:52,830 Beautiful idea, and it's there in the drawing, 104 00:08:52,907 --> 00:08:56,954 but not nearly as strong as I feel it. 105 00:08:57,030 --> 00:08:58,316 I take comfort in the thought 106 00:08:58,392 --> 00:09:00,109 that a man will probably never be able 107 00:09:00,234 --> 00:09:01,595 to visualize an idea 108 00:09:01,672 --> 00:09:04,674 as strongly as he feels it himself. 109 00:09:38,431 --> 00:09:43,350 I like to draw here in the St. Bavo in Haarlem. 110 00:09:43,427 --> 00:09:45,748 Being able to bathe in the organ's 111 00:09:45,824 --> 00:09:48,145 thundering abundance of sounds 112 00:09:48,232 --> 00:09:51,310 gives me an overwhelming emotion. 113 00:09:55,750 --> 00:09:59,385 The stormy wind rushed through the pipes of the organ 114 00:09:59,471 --> 00:10:03,873 and a thunderous voice proclaimed the glory of God. 115 00:10:03,950 --> 00:10:06,031 Then a young man laid down on his back 116 00:10:06,107 --> 00:10:08,428 on the big, cold stones. 117 00:10:11,909 --> 00:10:14,748 The thundering wind rushed through the pipes of the organ 118 00:10:14,825 --> 00:10:16,551 until the pillars of the church 119 00:10:16,628 --> 00:10:19,552 could not bear the sound any more than he could. 120 00:10:45,024 --> 00:10:47,268 The organ grew a lot bigger, 121 00:10:47,344 --> 00:10:50,749 its pipes stretching from the heavens to the Earth, 122 00:10:50,825 --> 00:10:53,223 and the young man felt such a strong wind 123 00:10:53,309 --> 00:10:58,824 that he rose from the stones and flew into the air. 124 00:11:19,068 --> 00:11:23,384 And then I am admitted to hospital for observation. 125 00:11:26,385 --> 00:11:29,905 My gastroenterologist deems my situation hopeless 126 00:11:29,981 --> 00:11:32,667 and expects my complete and utter demise 127 00:11:32,743 --> 00:11:36,829 within a day or three, followed by a solemn funeral. 128 00:11:39,706 --> 00:11:42,381 Oh, maybe that's putting it a bit too harsh. 129 00:11:42,468 --> 00:11:44,788 I have to regain my strength, 130 00:11:44,865 --> 00:11:47,301 set out on my journey. 131 00:12:10,259 --> 00:12:13,702 Without clouds, the sky is blue. 132 00:12:13,779 --> 00:12:16,023 That's something I've known for a long time. 133 00:12:16,100 --> 00:12:19,504 But the first time I saw the light blue of the sky 134 00:12:19,581 --> 00:12:21,700 above the hills of Tuscany, 135 00:12:21,787 --> 00:12:24,779 it was framed by dark cypresses. 136 00:12:27,061 --> 00:12:31,779 The blueness of the sky is incomprehensible to me, 137 00:12:31,866 --> 00:12:35,778 as blue as... yes, as what? 138 00:12:35,865 --> 00:12:38,339 Bluer than the Mediterranean Sea, 139 00:12:38,425 --> 00:12:41,379 bluer than the blue of the Dutch flag. 140 00:12:41,465 --> 00:12:46,184 Bluer than snow is white and pitch is black. 141 00:12:49,099 --> 00:12:51,698 I cannot describe the curious feeling 142 00:12:51,784 --> 00:12:54,258 this lovely beauty gives me. 143 00:12:54,345 --> 00:12:57,059 My poor eyes are staring and my poor brain 144 00:12:57,145 --> 00:13:02,937 is trying to comprehend the incomprehensible. 145 00:13:03,024 --> 00:13:05,901 Rarely, if ever, have I felt more calm, 146 00:13:05,977 --> 00:13:09,257 pleasant, and comfortable than lately. 147 00:13:11,338 --> 00:13:16,296 Many wondrous prints spring from my industrious hands. 148 00:13:16,382 --> 00:13:18,061 I leave it to posterity to judge 149 00:13:18,137 --> 00:13:20,976 whether these contain beauty. 150 00:13:45,814 --> 00:13:48,135 I set woodcutting aside for a while 151 00:13:48,221 --> 00:13:50,743 to improve my drawing skills. 152 00:13:50,820 --> 00:13:52,297 I want to learn to look 153 00:13:52,383 --> 00:13:55,375 and see better whilst I am drawing. 154 00:13:55,462 --> 00:13:58,137 I want to enjoy the tiniest details 155 00:13:58,214 --> 00:14:00,055 such as a one-inch diameter plant 156 00:14:00,142 --> 00:14:02,741 on a piece of rock. 157 00:14:02,817 --> 00:14:06,979 I want to try to draw these as accurately as possible. 158 00:14:10,297 --> 00:14:12,858 With your nose right on top of it, 159 00:14:12,935 --> 00:14:17,020 you see all of its beauty and all of its simplicity. 160 00:14:17,097 --> 00:14:20,338 But when you start drawing, only then do you realize 161 00:14:20,415 --> 00:14:23,014 how terribly complicated and shapeless 162 00:14:23,100 --> 00:14:25,133 that beauty really is. 163 00:14:25,220 --> 00:14:28,461 It is so terribly difficult. 164 00:14:28,538 --> 00:14:31,856 A small piece of rock, it's beautiful, 165 00:14:31,933 --> 00:14:34,541 but there's nothing to hold on to. 166 00:14:34,618 --> 00:14:36,852 There is no form that can be captured, 167 00:14:36,939 --> 00:14:39,135 it simply goes on in all directions, 168 00:14:39,221 --> 00:14:40,861 and you don't know where to begin 169 00:14:40,938 --> 00:14:42,654 and where to end. 170 00:14:42,740 --> 00:14:45,541 So nothing comes of it, of course. 171 00:14:45,617 --> 00:14:47,094 And I won't even start 172 00:14:47,181 --> 00:14:50,096 with all the beautiful little flowers. 173 00:14:50,173 --> 00:14:52,493 Color is indispensable for that, 174 00:14:52,580 --> 00:14:55,534 and I don't want to color. 175 00:15:39,369 --> 00:15:42,256 In the spring of 1923, 176 00:15:42,333 --> 00:15:45,536 I stay in Ravello, which is situated on a hill 177 00:15:45,613 --> 00:15:48,250 surrounded by the foaming and rippling waves 178 00:15:48,336 --> 00:15:52,373 of the azure Old World sea. 179 00:15:52,450 --> 00:15:54,656 There, on a blissful afternoon 180 00:15:54,733 --> 00:15:56,651 in the little hotel where I've settled in, 181 00:15:56,737 --> 00:16:00,937 three new guests join me at my table: 182 00:16:01,014 --> 00:16:04,217 a gentleman, his wife, and his daughter, 183 00:16:04,294 --> 00:16:07,574 Jetta Umiker, 24 years old. 184 00:16:09,377 --> 00:16:12,091 They've been expelled from Russia by the Bolsheviks, 185 00:16:12,177 --> 00:16:15,610 leaving behind all their possessions. 186 00:16:15,696 --> 00:16:18,132 Russia has left its mark on her 187 00:16:18,209 --> 00:16:20,213 as much mentally as physically, 188 00:16:20,290 --> 00:16:22,131 because she has suffered from hunger 189 00:16:22,208 --> 00:16:26,092 and seen too many people being murdered. 190 00:16:26,169 --> 00:16:28,614 She exerts an influence on me 191 00:16:28,691 --> 00:16:30,935 similar to that of an electromagnet 192 00:16:31,012 --> 00:16:35,768 on a scrappy piece of cast iron. 193 00:16:35,855 --> 00:16:38,290 Although I decided to keep my feelings hidden, 194 00:16:38,367 --> 00:16:41,695 her influence finally becomes so powerful 195 00:16:41,772 --> 00:16:43,891 that on the last day before her departure, 196 00:16:43,968 --> 00:16:45,895 the piece of cast iron loses 197 00:16:45,972 --> 00:16:48,734 its last remaining mental capabilities 198 00:16:48,811 --> 00:16:53,855 and slams into the magnet with a dull thud. 199 00:16:53,932 --> 00:16:55,888 While we are out on a walk together, 200 00:16:55,974 --> 00:16:58,612 I open up my heart to her. 201 00:17:13,371 --> 00:17:17,005 The prettiest and softest things you possess 202 00:17:17,092 --> 00:17:20,371 besides your heart are your hands. 203 00:17:20,448 --> 00:17:22,050 They touch me. 204 00:17:22,174 --> 00:17:25,607 Your long fingers, like those of a thief, 205 00:17:25,694 --> 00:17:28,130 have stolen my heart. 206 00:17:28,206 --> 00:17:30,527 Why have they chosen it? 207 00:17:38,966 --> 00:17:41,450 Yesterday afternoon, I escorted Jetta 208 00:17:41,527 --> 00:17:43,368 and her parents to the train station 209 00:17:43,445 --> 00:17:45,766 where she left for Switzerland. 210 00:17:45,852 --> 00:17:50,206 I feel left behind here, miserable, and lonely. 211 00:17:58,329 --> 00:18:00,007 I can be alone the whole day, 212 00:18:00,084 --> 00:18:01,886 because when I'm cutting wood, 213 00:18:01,973 --> 00:18:07,650 it sets my light, fantastical thoughts in motion. 214 00:18:07,727 --> 00:18:09,328 But in the evening, 215 00:18:09,405 --> 00:18:12,809 when my great longing for Jetta overwhelms me, 216 00:18:12,886 --> 00:18:15,888 the loneliness becomes unbearable. 217 00:18:26,207 --> 00:18:28,643 Then I walked through the narrow streets 218 00:18:28,729 --> 00:18:30,772 and think of the ever so sad life 219 00:18:30,848 --> 00:18:33,131 she is leading, 220 00:18:33,207 --> 00:18:34,569 and of the possibility 221 00:18:34,646 --> 00:18:38,089 that I might make that life happier. 222 00:20:18,045 --> 00:20:21,124 I like to sketch in the evening in Rome, 223 00:20:21,200 --> 00:20:24,039 the wondrous, beautiful, nocturnal Rome 224 00:20:24,125 --> 00:20:27,204 that I love so much more than the same architecture 225 00:20:27,280 --> 00:20:29,045 during the day. 226 00:20:41,483 --> 00:20:44,523 All the excessive Baroque thrills 227 00:20:44,600 --> 00:20:47,678 that Rome is filled with fade at night. 228 00:20:56,281 --> 00:20:58,640 Moreover, the modern, indirect lighting 229 00:20:58,716 --> 00:21:00,404 with large floodlights 230 00:21:00,481 --> 00:21:03,080 helps to increase the fantastic effect. 231 00:21:04,442 --> 00:21:06,839 So I draw every evening 232 00:21:06,916 --> 00:21:10,244 and finish the sketch on wood the next day. 233 00:21:23,564 --> 00:21:25,837 I know no greater joy 234 00:21:25,923 --> 00:21:28,877 than to wander through valleys and over hills 235 00:21:28,963 --> 00:21:30,642 from village to village 236 00:21:30,718 --> 00:21:34,717 to feel the artlessness of nature affect me 237 00:21:34,804 --> 00:21:37,681 and enjoy the unexpected and never thought of 238 00:21:37,757 --> 00:21:40,078 in the greatest possible contrast 239 00:21:40,155 --> 00:21:42,955 with everyday life at home. 240 00:21:51,356 --> 00:21:55,039 On my journeys, everything seems real, 241 00:21:55,115 --> 00:21:57,359 but when you remember it later, 242 00:21:57,436 --> 00:22:00,121 you realize that it was like a dream. 243 00:22:05,194 --> 00:22:08,599 When I remember a scent, a feeling, or a sound, 244 00:22:08,676 --> 00:22:12,559 the emotion sometimes becomes too strong for me. 245 00:23:36,510 --> 00:23:38,313 And then there is the delightful fact 246 00:23:38,390 --> 00:23:40,634 of knowingly abstaining 247 00:23:40,711 --> 00:23:43,434 from the comfort we are used to at home. 248 00:23:43,511 --> 00:23:48,153 Unpleasant things, such as a bed not free of vermin, 249 00:23:48,229 --> 00:23:50,473 or food of lesser quality, 250 00:23:50,550 --> 00:23:54,751 even become part of the enjoyment. 251 00:23:54,837 --> 00:23:56,908 I often think of undertaking such journeys 252 00:23:56,995 --> 00:23:59,152 in the company of my sons one day. 253 00:23:59,229 --> 00:24:04,072 For children, it must be the greatest joy imaginable. 254 00:25:43,904 --> 00:25:46,704 That winter, we were in the Swiss mountains 255 00:25:46,791 --> 00:25:52,027 in that horrendous white, snowy misery I cannot stand. 256 00:25:52,103 --> 00:25:55,911 I hate that white shroud covering the earth. 257 00:26:00,869 --> 00:26:03,592 One night, when we'd just gone to bed, 258 00:26:03,707 --> 00:26:05,788 the sound Jetta's hair made 259 00:26:05,865 --> 00:26:07,831 as she was plaiting it in the dark 260 00:26:07,908 --> 00:26:10,430 reminded me of the sound of a boat 261 00:26:10,545 --> 00:26:13,432 when it breasts a quiet sea. 262 00:26:16,146 --> 00:26:20,471 A great longing for the sea took control of me. 263 00:26:27,989 --> 00:26:31,231 Suddenly, I came up with the idea to write a letter 264 00:26:31,307 --> 00:26:33,705 to an Italian merchant shipping company 265 00:26:33,782 --> 00:26:35,949 that operated a service around Italy 266 00:26:36,026 --> 00:26:38,107 to Valencia in Spain. 267 00:26:39,862 --> 00:26:42,182 I proposed that Jetta and myself 268 00:26:42,269 --> 00:26:45,865 would come along as passengers for free. 269 00:26:45,942 --> 00:26:49,308 In return, I would make 12 prints for them 270 00:26:49,384 --> 00:26:51,629 based on sketches made during the journey 271 00:26:51,705 --> 00:26:55,426 in order to advertise their tourist transport. 272 00:27:00,547 --> 00:27:03,549 To my astonishment, after a few days, 273 00:27:03,626 --> 00:27:06,148 I received a letter of approval. 274 00:27:15,028 --> 00:27:18,941 I drew like a maniac, was perfectly pampered. 275 00:27:19,027 --> 00:27:22,547 One liter of wine a day and lived the life of a prince 276 00:27:22,623 --> 00:27:24,743 on this floating house that brought me 277 00:27:24,820 --> 00:27:28,943 to a new port every day without any lugging. 278 00:27:29,020 --> 00:27:31,264 It was delightful. 279 00:27:47,903 --> 00:27:51,345 In Valencia, we disembarked for a three-week journey 280 00:27:51,422 --> 00:27:55,258 across Southern Spain at our own expense. 281 00:28:35,018 --> 00:28:38,298 In Granada, we visited the Alhambra. 282 00:28:38,384 --> 00:28:41,942 In this wonderful aristocratic work of art, 283 00:28:42,019 --> 00:28:46,104 we spent three days copying passionately. 284 00:28:46,181 --> 00:28:48,176 The palaces were full of visitors 285 00:28:48,262 --> 00:28:50,180 who formed a large audience around us 286 00:28:50,257 --> 00:28:52,136 while we were drawing. 287 00:29:39,540 --> 00:29:43,299 What fascinates me in the tiles of the Alhambra 288 00:29:43,414 --> 00:29:46,819 is the discovery of a motif that repeats itself 289 00:29:46,895 --> 00:29:49,734 according to a certain system. 290 00:30:08,818 --> 00:30:12,501 In Haarlem, I already enjoyed giving meaning 291 00:30:12,577 --> 00:30:15,972 to the entire surface of a piece of paper, 292 00:30:16,059 --> 00:30:17,938 by this I mean to say that I don't want to draw 293 00:30:18,015 --> 00:30:20,854 the head of a person against the background 294 00:30:20,940 --> 00:30:22,532 of a room, for example. 295 00:30:22,618 --> 00:30:26,819 No, besides the head, the background should have 296 00:30:26,895 --> 00:30:29,139 as much meaning as the head itself, 297 00:30:29,254 --> 00:30:31,853 thus becoming another head! 298 00:30:39,736 --> 00:30:42,537 It was a first attempt to systematize, 299 00:30:42,613 --> 00:30:44,972 although at the time, I didn't really understand 300 00:30:45,059 --> 00:30:46,334 what I was doing. 301 00:30:48,339 --> 00:30:52,453 I was disheartened, so I abandoned this puzzle. 302 00:30:52,539 --> 00:30:54,093 I was completely inexperienced 303 00:30:54,179 --> 00:30:56,135 and no one on Earth could help me. 304 00:31:08,497 --> 00:31:11,892 The wall and floor mosaics at the Alhambra 305 00:31:11,978 --> 00:31:14,097 stem from the same thought, 306 00:31:14,212 --> 00:31:18,336 albeit the Moors only use geometric figures. 307 00:31:47,288 --> 00:31:49,456 What a pity the Moors didn't use figures 308 00:31:49,532 --> 00:31:52,093 derived from nature, such as building blocks, 309 00:31:52,170 --> 00:31:55,651 fish, birds, reptiles, or humans. 310 00:31:55,737 --> 00:31:59,688 Recognizability is so important to me 311 00:31:59,774 --> 00:32:02,172 that I've never been able to do without it. 312 00:33:45,332 --> 00:33:47,211 I had left Italy. 313 00:33:47,288 --> 00:33:50,491 I lost the Italian landscape and architecture, 314 00:33:50,568 --> 00:33:53,569 and something else had to take its place. 315 00:33:53,646 --> 00:33:57,808 This stimulated the formation of inner images. 316 00:33:57,885 --> 00:34:00,608 I started working with passion when I discovered 317 00:34:00,685 --> 00:34:04,166 that I had things of my own that had to come out, 318 00:34:04,243 --> 00:34:08,127 that I could express something others don't have. 319 00:34:11,848 --> 00:34:17,688 I am 40, the age at which most people are at their best. 320 00:34:17,803 --> 00:34:21,802 For me, this is the richest of times. 321 00:35:06,760 --> 00:35:09,043 I showed my brother, a geologist, 322 00:35:09,129 --> 00:35:11,527 some tessellation motifs. 323 00:35:13,684 --> 00:35:15,286 He was interested in my motifs 324 00:35:15,401 --> 00:35:17,607 from a more scientific point of view 325 00:35:17,683 --> 00:35:20,321 and told me that I was unknowingly applying 326 00:35:20,407 --> 00:35:23,965 a kind of two-dimensional crystallography. 327 00:35:34,725 --> 00:35:36,681 He advised me to read up on it, 328 00:35:36,767 --> 00:35:39,280 but most of the articles were far too difficult, 329 00:35:39,366 --> 00:35:42,042 dry, and theoretical for me. 330 00:35:42,119 --> 00:35:44,564 Still, my understanding became clearer, 331 00:35:44,679 --> 00:35:46,962 and I began to see the possibilities offered 332 00:35:47,038 --> 00:35:50,884 by the regular division of the plane. 333 00:35:50,961 --> 00:35:53,886 For the first time, I dared to create compositions 334 00:35:53,962 --> 00:35:57,606 based on the problem of expressing endlessness 335 00:35:57,683 --> 00:36:00,205 within a limited plane. 336 00:36:07,801 --> 00:36:11,004 An endless series of three-dimensional men 337 00:36:11,119 --> 00:36:13,679 is rushing down the stairs. 338 00:36:13,766 --> 00:36:16,278 Gradually, they lose their plasticity 339 00:36:16,365 --> 00:36:19,846 as they freeze, flatten, and turn into the motif 340 00:36:19,922 --> 00:36:23,317 of a regularly organized tessellation. 341 00:36:25,561 --> 00:36:29,762 The motif simplifies upwards towards its original form, 342 00:36:29,838 --> 00:36:31,440 the diamond. 343 00:36:31,565 --> 00:36:34,797 Three diamonds in white, gray, and black 344 00:36:34,883 --> 00:36:36,638 together form a cube 345 00:36:36,724 --> 00:36:39,438 and thus regain their plasticity. 346 00:36:39,524 --> 00:36:43,360 The cube turns into a block, a house, 347 00:36:43,437 --> 00:36:46,276 and from a house, a human product. 348 00:36:46,362 --> 00:36:48,558 The people reappear 349 00:36:48,644 --> 00:36:51,483 to endlessly repeat their cycle. 350 00:36:51,560 --> 00:36:54,600 The familiar tile floor motif on the terraces 351 00:36:54,677 --> 00:36:57,477 is the same original motif again. 352 00:36:57,563 --> 00:37:01,361 The diamond, the link between two and three dimensions, 353 00:37:01,438 --> 00:37:04,199 the idea upon which the entire composition 354 00:37:04,276 --> 00:37:06,156 is built. 355 00:37:06,242 --> 00:37:08,362 The landscape behind the houses 356 00:37:08,438 --> 00:37:11,919 is intended as a maximum of naturalness, 357 00:37:11,996 --> 00:37:14,998 in contrast to the mathematical tessellation 358 00:37:15,075 --> 00:37:16,954 at the bottom of the print. 359 00:37:24,674 --> 00:37:29,594 The print Day and Night is a similar kind of cycle. 360 00:38:05,556 --> 00:38:08,520 The judgment of acquaintances and friends 361 00:38:08,596 --> 00:38:11,435 makes me feel that this is strange to them. 362 00:38:11,521 --> 00:38:13,756 and they don't know what to think of it. 363 00:38:13,832 --> 00:38:16,594 The reception is not conducive to the enthusiasm 364 00:38:16,681 --> 00:38:19,193 with which I am painstakingly tinkering 365 00:38:19,280 --> 00:38:21,840 and searching in this direction. 366 00:38:21,955 --> 00:38:23,192 I fear that other prints 367 00:38:23,279 --> 00:38:24,717 will be a disappointment as well, 368 00:38:24,832 --> 00:38:27,834 because in those, I deviate even more so 369 00:38:27,920 --> 00:38:29,320 than in Day and Night 370 00:38:29,397 --> 00:38:32,715 from a desire for aesthetic satisfaction. 371 00:38:32,792 --> 00:38:35,832 The mathematical interest is becoming so dominant 372 00:38:35,918 --> 00:38:39,754 that I am wondering whether it is still trying to be art 373 00:38:39,831 --> 00:38:43,514 and whether it even belongs at an art exhibition. 374 00:38:54,954 --> 00:38:58,119 As a little boy lying in bed at night, 375 00:38:58,196 --> 00:39:01,437 I would enjoy playing with associative thoughts. 376 00:39:01,514 --> 00:39:03,432 For example, I would say, 377 00:39:03,518 --> 00:39:05,992 "How can I find the logical connection 378 00:39:06,079 --> 00:39:09,953 between the letter S and the tail of my dog?" 379 00:39:10,030 --> 00:39:11,718 A thousand ways to get there. 380 00:39:11,794 --> 00:39:16,273 For example, S, sky, bird, nest, 381 00:39:16,350 --> 00:39:20,915 branch, tree, garden, dog, tail. 382 00:39:22,996 --> 00:39:24,751 I played a lot of these games, 383 00:39:24,837 --> 00:39:27,589 and actually, I haven't got much further. 384 00:39:27,675 --> 00:39:28,874 I've merely found a way 385 00:39:28,951 --> 00:39:32,509 to express these thoughts visually. 386 00:39:32,595 --> 00:39:36,949 The regular hexagon, honeycomb, bee. 387 00:39:44,631 --> 00:39:46,750 A new factor has been added to this, 388 00:39:46,875 --> 00:39:51,037 a direct association of shape. 389 00:39:51,113 --> 00:39:54,796 A fish whose background turns into a bird. 390 00:39:59,716 --> 00:40:03,753 So it's a mishmash that lacks all profoundness. 391 00:40:03,830 --> 00:40:08,107 It is and remains the game of a child. 392 00:40:08,193 --> 00:40:13,429 And sensible people are welcome to consider it trivial. 393 00:40:13,516 --> 00:40:16,911 The best way for me to express my association mania 394 00:40:16,987 --> 00:40:19,711 would be in an animated film. 395 00:40:19,788 --> 00:40:22,032 In the future, the animated film 396 00:40:22,108 --> 00:40:23,710 will become an artistic expression 397 00:40:23,787 --> 00:40:25,235 of great value, 398 00:40:25,311 --> 00:40:27,392 showing more important thoughts 399 00:40:27,469 --> 00:40:29,915 than Snow White or Mickey, 400 00:40:29,991 --> 00:40:33,031 although I have no contempt for these products at all. 401 00:40:33,108 --> 00:40:37,107 On the contrary, admiration for Disney's talent. 402 00:40:41,192 --> 00:40:45,307 I often dream of the film I would like to make, 403 00:40:45,393 --> 00:40:49,708 the astonishing metamorphosis you would see then. 404 00:40:54,666 --> 00:40:57,668 Sadly, there would be no audience for it 405 00:40:57,745 --> 00:41:03,393 as I would most certainly bore people to death with it. 406 00:41:34,311 --> 00:41:37,745 Since the complete exclusion of the Jews, 407 00:41:37,831 --> 00:41:39,385 I feel increasingly uncomfortable 408 00:41:39,471 --> 00:41:41,187 when I exhibit my work. 409 00:41:41,264 --> 00:41:44,669 It feels like I'm profiteering. 410 00:41:44,745 --> 00:41:47,469 And if I'm not mistaken, all visual artists 411 00:41:47,546 --> 00:41:50,547 will be forced to join the Chamber of Culture, 412 00:41:50,624 --> 00:41:53,952 otherwise they will not be able to exhibit their work. 413 00:41:57,826 --> 00:42:01,509 I've cancelled my membership of the artist society Pulchri 414 00:42:01,624 --> 00:42:04,750 and the graphic association myself. 415 00:42:04,827 --> 00:42:07,148 I think that will be clear enough. 416 00:42:21,187 --> 00:42:24,822 Here in Baarn, I hardly know anyone, 417 00:42:24,908 --> 00:42:27,306 and I don't know a lot of colleagues either. 418 00:42:27,383 --> 00:42:29,070 No matter how satisfied I am 419 00:42:29,147 --> 00:42:31,746 with the isolation in which we live here, 420 00:42:31,823 --> 00:42:33,664 at this moment, I would like to have 421 00:42:33,741 --> 00:42:36,464 a bit more human contact. 422 00:42:43,340 --> 00:42:45,987 I have developed the tessellation pattern 423 00:42:46,064 --> 00:42:49,622 of white optimists and Black pessimists 424 00:42:49,708 --> 00:42:51,789 into a complete morality tale. 425 00:42:51,866 --> 00:42:55,424 One white and one Black representative of each type 426 00:42:55,500 --> 00:42:58,301 free themselves from the gray surface 427 00:42:58,387 --> 00:43:02,261 of the back wall and walk into space. 428 00:43:02,348 --> 00:43:05,023 They avoid tumbling into the round hole in the middle, 429 00:43:05,148 --> 00:43:08,341 so they're bound to meet each other in the foreground. 430 00:43:08,428 --> 00:43:10,585 The Black pessimist continues 431 00:43:10,662 --> 00:43:13,462 to raise his warning finger until the end, 432 00:43:13,539 --> 00:43:14,939 but the white optimist 433 00:43:15,026 --> 00:43:17,222 cheerfully comes to his encounter, 434 00:43:17,308 --> 00:43:20,386 and they end up shaking hands. 435 00:43:28,385 --> 00:43:30,945 I had many Jewish friends. 436 00:43:31,022 --> 00:43:35,500 My old teacher, de Mesquita, he refused to go into hiding. 437 00:43:40,861 --> 00:43:44,227 One night, they were all taken away. 438 00:43:44,304 --> 00:43:46,980 In '44, during the Hongerwinter, 439 00:43:47,104 --> 00:43:49,703 the neighbors said, "Haven't you heard? 440 00:43:49,780 --> 00:43:52,580 The Mesquitas have been taken away." 441 00:43:56,224 --> 00:43:58,066 I entered their home. 442 00:43:58,142 --> 00:44:00,463 This print was lying on the floor 443 00:44:00,540 --> 00:44:03,618 with the nail prints of the German boots on it, 444 00:44:03,743 --> 00:44:05,066 and in his studio, 445 00:44:05,143 --> 00:44:07,339 everything was turned upside down. 446 00:44:07,425 --> 00:44:09,986 I took home 200 prints. 447 00:44:10,063 --> 00:44:12,537 These things cannot be forgotten, 448 00:44:12,623 --> 00:44:16,018 taken away in the middle of the night. 449 00:44:16,104 --> 00:44:18,818 And every now and then, the image looms up before me 450 00:44:18,905 --> 00:44:22,539 like a nightmare. 451 00:44:22,626 --> 00:44:26,663 When in the night escaped from the narcosis of sleep, 452 00:44:26,740 --> 00:44:29,137 my opened eyes stare 453 00:44:29,223 --> 00:44:32,340 into unfathomable depths of darkness, 454 00:44:32,417 --> 00:44:38,622 the birds of despair come flying on slow wings. 455 00:45:28,816 --> 00:45:32,901 We had a single rickety bike with makeshift tires, 456 00:45:32,978 --> 00:45:34,541 which I rode to Overijssel 457 00:45:34,618 --> 00:45:38,176 through the bitter cold, wind, and rain. 458 00:45:38,262 --> 00:45:41,139 Those journeys upset me very much, 459 00:45:41,216 --> 00:45:44,294 I saw such an awful lot of suffering. 460 00:45:44,380 --> 00:45:46,174 I'll never forget it. 461 00:45:46,298 --> 00:45:49,214 But I could keep our family on its feet, 462 00:45:49,300 --> 00:45:54,296 even though my wife is now in bad shape. 463 00:45:54,373 --> 00:45:58,257 However, I wasn't able to get any work done. 464 00:45:58,334 --> 00:46:02,294 That was the bitterest pill I had to swallow. 465 00:46:09,861 --> 00:46:12,978 After the war, I retired to my studio. 466 00:46:13,054 --> 00:46:16,296 My sons now take care of the food supply. 467 00:46:16,373 --> 00:46:18,971 My wife is too weak to do much herself 468 00:46:19,058 --> 00:46:20,698 besides cooking. 469 00:47:03,814 --> 00:47:06,931 Finally, I am working again. 470 00:47:07,017 --> 00:47:09,894 It takes more effort than ever before. 471 00:47:09,971 --> 00:47:12,810 My brain seems to be completely dazed. 472 00:47:12,896 --> 00:47:15,457 But at least I'm doing something again. 473 00:47:37,648 --> 00:47:40,256 Originally, the intention of The Eye 474 00:47:40,333 --> 00:47:42,452 was nothing more than a general interest 475 00:47:42,529 --> 00:47:44,294 in the human eye. 476 00:47:44,409 --> 00:47:47,132 But since the viewer always sees himself 477 00:47:47,209 --> 00:47:50,335 reflected in the eye he is looking at, 478 00:47:50,412 --> 00:47:53,011 I thought I would show the reflection of a skull 479 00:47:53,088 --> 00:47:56,847 as a variant of the prints with mirroring spheres, 480 00:47:56,933 --> 00:47:59,647 because we are all, whether we want it or not, 481 00:47:59,734 --> 00:48:01,652 looking at death, 482 00:48:01,728 --> 00:48:05,171 and he is looking back at us. 483 00:48:35,370 --> 00:48:38,525 God Almighty, I wish I would learn to draw 484 00:48:38,611 --> 00:48:40,731 a little better. 485 00:48:40,808 --> 00:48:43,454 What exertion and determination it takes 486 00:48:43,531 --> 00:48:45,449 to try and do it well. 487 00:48:45,526 --> 00:48:47,770 Every now and then, I'm close to delirium 488 00:48:47,885 --> 00:48:50,206 from pure nerves. 489 00:48:50,292 --> 00:48:52,968 It is really only a matter of dogged persistence 490 00:48:53,054 --> 00:48:57,724 with continuous, pitiless self criticism. 491 00:48:57,811 --> 00:49:01,090 Talent and such is actually just hogwash, 492 00:49:01,167 --> 00:49:02,970 for the most part. 493 00:49:09,530 --> 00:49:12,167 Any schoolboy with a little aptitude 494 00:49:12,292 --> 00:49:15,610 will perhaps be better at drawing than I am. 495 00:49:17,413 --> 00:49:19,484 But what he most often lacks 496 00:49:19,570 --> 00:49:22,687 is the tough yearning for realization, 497 00:49:22,764 --> 00:49:25,171 the teeth-grinding stubbornness, 498 00:49:25,248 --> 00:49:29,611 and saying, "Even though I know I cannot do it, 499 00:49:29,688 --> 00:49:32,728 I want to do it anyway." 500 00:50:05,727 --> 00:50:07,166 The puddle is 501 00:50:07,242 --> 00:50:10,886 uncharacteristically impressionistic for me, 502 00:50:10,963 --> 00:50:14,166 but the symbol is so strong and striking in itself, 503 00:50:14,243 --> 00:50:16,487 and every time, it is such a consolation 504 00:50:16,564 --> 00:50:20,007 to see the sky in the puddle again. 505 00:50:20,083 --> 00:50:21,445 But it did not come to my mind 506 00:50:21,522 --> 00:50:23,162 to change anything in the image 507 00:50:23,248 --> 00:50:26,566 as it occurs on a forest or country road. 508 00:50:26,643 --> 00:50:29,846 It was not my intention to draw a particular puddle 509 00:50:29,923 --> 00:50:31,726 on a particular country road, 510 00:50:31,802 --> 00:50:34,641 but the puddle that can be found anywhere, 511 00:50:34,727 --> 00:50:36,444 all over the world. 512 00:51:45,760 --> 00:51:47,237 This creature, 513 00:51:47,324 --> 00:51:52,282 pedalternorotandomovens centroculatus articulosus, 514 00:51:52,358 --> 00:51:54,564 popularly known as "Curl-up," 515 00:51:54,641 --> 00:51:57,844 was born out of dissatisfaction. 516 00:51:57,920 --> 00:52:01,325 The idea came to me when I was riding my bicycle. 517 00:52:01,402 --> 00:52:03,483 I thought, how absurd. 518 00:52:03,559 --> 00:52:06,360 I am rolling over the ground on wheels, 519 00:52:06,436 --> 00:52:09,563 which is much easier than on foot. 520 00:52:09,639 --> 00:52:12,679 God has forgotten to create the wheel, 521 00:52:12,756 --> 00:52:14,924 and He has also forgotten to create animals 522 00:52:15,000 --> 00:52:18,357 that can use their bodies as a wheel or hoop 523 00:52:18,443 --> 00:52:20,361 to move themselves forward. 524 00:52:20,438 --> 00:52:22,164 I am meeting this need 525 00:52:22,241 --> 00:52:24,840 with the design of this Curl-up. 526 00:52:24,916 --> 00:52:27,362 Biological details are not yet known. 527 00:52:27,439 --> 00:52:28,839 Nothing to be said with certainty 528 00:52:28,915 --> 00:52:31,236 about its reproduction. 529 00:53:18,275 --> 00:53:20,558 Three surfaces of the Earth 530 00:53:20,634 --> 00:53:23,080 intersect at a right angle, 531 00:53:23,156 --> 00:53:25,362 and people live on each of them. 532 00:53:25,439 --> 00:53:27,280 Two inhabitants of different worlds 533 00:53:27,357 --> 00:53:29,438 cannot live on the same floor, 534 00:53:29,515 --> 00:53:31,682 as their notion of what is horizontal and vertical 535 00:53:31,759 --> 00:53:32,919 is not the same. 536 00:53:33,034 --> 00:53:36,199 However, they can use the same staircase, 537 00:53:36,276 --> 00:53:40,438 but with one person ascending and the other descending. 538 00:53:40,514 --> 00:53:43,439 Contact between the two is impossible, 539 00:53:43,516 --> 00:53:45,319 for they live in different worlds, 540 00:53:45,396 --> 00:53:47,400 and therefore cannot have any knowledge 541 00:53:47,477 --> 00:53:49,721 of each other's existence. 542 00:55:29,955 --> 00:55:32,315 Like a madman, I have thrown myself 543 00:55:32,391 --> 00:55:35,594 into the printing of old engravings again. 544 00:55:35,671 --> 00:55:39,114 That damn job simply has to be done periodically. 545 00:55:39,191 --> 00:55:42,231 Half dazed by continuous radio sounds, 546 00:55:42,307 --> 00:55:46,671 I'm plowing my way through this pile of printing ink. 547 00:56:02,590 --> 00:56:06,273 I am smitten by Bach's music. 548 00:56:06,388 --> 00:56:08,354 A short motif that repeats itself 549 00:56:08,431 --> 00:56:10,147 in various ways, 550 00:56:10,272 --> 00:56:12,391 identically in a different key, 551 00:56:12,468 --> 00:56:14,587 back to front or upside down. 552 00:56:14,674 --> 00:56:17,589 They're almost mathematical figures. 553 00:56:17,666 --> 00:56:20,149 It has a lot in common with my motifs, 554 00:56:20,226 --> 00:56:23,113 which also repeat themselves endlessly. 555 00:56:25,271 --> 00:56:27,754 In both, there is a compelling rhythm, 556 00:56:27,869 --> 00:56:31,993 a cadence in search of a certain endlessness. 557 00:56:35,829 --> 00:56:37,910 This feeling of kinship is so strong 558 00:56:37,987 --> 00:56:40,950 that I often get inspired when I'm listening to Bach. 559 00:56:41,027 --> 00:56:44,546 There is an undeniable connection. 560 00:57:04,273 --> 00:57:07,265 I attended a performance of the St. Matthew Passion 561 00:57:07,351 --> 00:57:09,509 in Naarden. 562 00:57:09,586 --> 00:57:11,830 My eyes wandered past the walls, 563 00:57:11,907 --> 00:57:14,112 columns, arches, and vaults, 564 00:57:14,189 --> 00:57:17,546 of that high, wide, immovable church. 565 00:57:33,829 --> 00:57:35,143 Immovable? 566 00:57:35,268 --> 00:57:37,589 Suddenly, it became clear to me 567 00:57:37,665 --> 00:57:41,386 that this church was far from immovable. 568 00:57:41,463 --> 00:57:45,184 My imagination, enlivened by the constant stream 569 00:57:45,270 --> 00:57:48,627 of beautiful sounds that came to us, 570 00:57:48,704 --> 00:57:52,386 saw the globe with the Naarden church on it 571 00:57:52,463 --> 00:57:54,985 rotating in the universe. 572 00:57:55,062 --> 00:57:57,862 First, I saw the old Naarden fort 573 00:57:57,948 --> 00:58:01,266 as a more than five-armed starfish. 574 00:58:04,143 --> 00:58:06,349 Then I flew to the coast, crossed the channel, 575 00:58:06,464 --> 00:58:08,229 and before long, I found myself 576 00:58:08,306 --> 00:58:11,950 above the gray, turbulent Atlantic Ocean. 577 00:58:20,629 --> 00:58:22,585 At the latitude of New York, 578 00:58:22,662 --> 00:58:25,069 I reached the American mainland. 579 00:58:25,146 --> 00:58:28,262 Unfortunately so, because it was gloomy, cold, 580 00:58:28,349 --> 00:58:30,784 and rough above the ocean. 581 00:58:36,423 --> 00:58:38,629 I cannot give a clear description 582 00:58:38,744 --> 00:58:40,864 of the sight of the United States, 583 00:58:40,940 --> 00:58:43,223 but I do know that it was cheerful and bright there 584 00:58:43,299 --> 00:58:47,145 with lots of sun on snowcapped mountains. 585 00:58:49,984 --> 00:58:51,307 Near San Francisco, 586 00:58:51,422 --> 00:58:54,222 I ended up above the ocean again. 587 00:58:55,786 --> 00:58:58,221 I saw Honolulu from afar, 588 00:58:58,308 --> 00:59:00,379 then a whole lot of cheerful water again 589 00:59:00,466 --> 00:59:02,901 and finally straight across the dense, 590 00:59:02,988 --> 00:59:05,107 humid jungles of New Guinea, 591 00:59:05,184 --> 00:59:07,984 Celebes, and the Borneo Coast. 592 00:59:22,705 --> 00:59:26,263 How I came back again, I do not know. 593 00:59:26,339 --> 00:59:28,545 The fact is that I suddenly found myself 594 00:59:28,622 --> 00:59:31,499 sitting on my kitchen chair 595 00:59:31,585 --> 00:59:33,580 in the Naarden church again. 596 00:59:33,666 --> 00:59:36,821 Just when they were singing at the top of their voices, 597 00:59:36,898 --> 00:59:40,101 we sit down in tears. 598 00:59:40,226 --> 00:59:41,818 Completely malapropos, 599 00:59:41,904 --> 00:59:45,903 as I felt surprisingly cheerful and satisfied. 600 01:00:14,184 --> 01:00:18,020 Meanwhile, I have finished a new lithograph. 601 01:00:18,097 --> 01:00:19,784 I believe I have never made anything 602 01:00:19,861 --> 01:00:22,777 as strange as this one in my life. 603 01:00:24,416 --> 01:00:27,456 Among other things, it depicts a young man 604 01:00:27,543 --> 01:00:29,336 attentively looking at a print 605 01:00:29,422 --> 01:00:31,139 on the wall of an exhibition, 606 01:00:31,216 --> 01:00:34,016 which is a picture of himself. 607 01:00:34,102 --> 01:00:35,944 How can this be? 608 01:00:36,020 --> 01:00:38,341 Maybe I am not so far removed 609 01:00:38,418 --> 01:00:41,256 from Einstein's curved universe. 610 01:01:15,934 --> 01:01:17,737 I've made an effort to explain 611 01:01:17,861 --> 01:01:20,614 the smaller and smaller print to visitors, 612 01:01:20,700 --> 01:01:22,302 but it's becoming increasingly clear 613 01:01:22,378 --> 01:01:23,855 that people are insensitive 614 01:01:23,942 --> 01:01:26,579 to the beauty of this infinite world 615 01:01:26,694 --> 01:01:28,813 within a defined plane. 616 01:01:28,900 --> 01:01:30,137 Most people simply don't understand 617 01:01:30,213 --> 01:01:31,700 what it's about. 618 01:01:31,777 --> 01:01:33,340 This is ever more sad to me, 619 01:01:33,416 --> 01:01:35,018 because I'm working on the next version, 620 01:01:35,095 --> 01:01:37,857 which is meant to far exceed the first. 621 01:01:37,933 --> 01:01:41,894 Although, in theory, the infinitely small in size 622 01:01:41,980 --> 01:01:46,094 and infinitely large in number is reached in the center, 623 01:01:46,219 --> 01:01:48,214 this work only partially satisfies. 624 01:01:48,300 --> 01:01:50,937 It remains a fragment, because outwards, 625 01:01:51,052 --> 01:01:53,814 the pattern is arbitrarily limited. 626 01:01:53,901 --> 01:01:57,219 However, my great enthusiasm for these kinds of depictions 627 01:01:57,296 --> 01:01:59,779 and my fixation on my investigations 628 01:01:59,894 --> 01:02:05,054 might eventually lead me to a satisfying discovery. 629 01:02:13,253 --> 01:02:14,577 I found an image 630 01:02:14,653 --> 01:02:17,013 by the Canadian mathematician Coxeter 631 01:02:17,099 --> 01:02:19,055 that will probably help me. 632 01:02:19,132 --> 01:02:22,652 One way to bring infinity to finite terms 633 01:02:22,738 --> 01:02:25,490 is by the transformation called "inversion" 634 01:02:25,576 --> 01:02:28,971 so that it is on the same diameter. 635 01:02:29,058 --> 01:02:30,976 But the hocus pocus of his words 636 01:02:31,091 --> 01:02:32,414 are no good to me. 637 01:02:32,491 --> 01:02:34,179 No matter how much effort it takes, 638 01:02:34,255 --> 01:02:36,058 it's all the more fulfilling for me 639 01:02:36,135 --> 01:02:38,811 to solve such a problem myself 640 01:02:38,935 --> 01:02:41,534 in my own clumsy way. 641 01:02:45,974 --> 01:02:48,813 A circular, regular tessellation 642 01:02:48,890 --> 01:02:53,013 logically bounded on all sides by the infinitesimal 643 01:02:53,090 --> 01:02:56,217 is a thing of miraculous beauty. 644 01:03:39,650 --> 01:03:42,814 This is the limit. 645 01:03:42,891 --> 01:03:45,567 The entire world is contained in it. 646 01:03:45,653 --> 01:03:49,575 It is a successful attempt at visualizing infinity, 647 01:03:49,652 --> 01:03:53,929 and it represents a milestone in my development. 648 01:03:54,015 --> 01:03:56,768 Deeply saddening and hangover inducing 649 01:03:56,854 --> 01:03:58,571 remains the fact that I'm starting 650 01:03:58,647 --> 01:04:00,613 to speak a language that is understood 651 01:04:00,690 --> 01:04:04,411 by very few people. 652 01:04:04,488 --> 01:04:07,010 This only increases my loneliness. 653 01:04:07,087 --> 01:04:10,971 After all, I do not belong anywhere anymore. 654 01:04:11,047 --> 01:04:14,212 I'm too stupid to live as a scientist. 655 01:04:14,289 --> 01:04:16,207 I'm not an artist either. 656 01:04:16,293 --> 01:04:20,493 I hover between mathematics and art. 657 01:04:27,091 --> 01:04:30,170 It's just pure creation. 658 01:04:30,285 --> 01:04:32,970 Shall we take a look at some paradoxical architecture? 659 01:04:33,047 --> 01:04:34,610 You're gonna have to master a few tricks 660 01:04:34,687 --> 01:04:36,969 if you're gonna build three complete dream levels. 661 01:04:37,094 --> 01:04:38,734 Excuse me. 662 01:04:38,810 --> 01:04:40,450 What kind of tricks? 663 01:04:40,527 --> 01:04:42,090 In a dream, you can cheat architecture 664 01:04:42,167 --> 01:04:43,730 into impossible shapes. 665 01:04:43,807 --> 01:04:46,089 That lets you create closed loops, 666 01:04:46,166 --> 01:04:48,851 like the Penrose steps. 667 01:04:48,928 --> 01:04:51,249 The infinite staircase. 668 01:04:55,890 --> 01:04:58,844 I'm working on the design of a new print 669 01:04:58,930 --> 01:05:01,529 with a staircase that keeps ascending, 670 01:05:01,606 --> 01:05:03,725 or descending, if you will. 671 01:05:06,247 --> 01:05:08,933 It is a closed, ring-shaped thing, 672 01:05:09,009 --> 01:05:11,531 and yet the perspective is correct! 673 01:05:17,007 --> 01:05:19,568 There's a great number of human figures walking on it 674 01:05:19,645 --> 01:05:21,524 in two directions. 675 01:05:21,611 --> 01:05:25,849 One line is arduously climbing up to infinity 676 01:05:25,964 --> 01:05:29,810 while the other endlessly descends. 677 01:05:31,450 --> 01:05:34,730 A sad, pessimistic subject, this staircase, 678 01:05:34,806 --> 01:05:39,649 but very profound and absurd. 679 01:05:39,726 --> 01:05:43,044 People do not like to talk about their descents, 680 01:05:43,131 --> 01:05:46,650 and all the more about their climbs. 681 01:05:50,409 --> 01:05:52,203 Paradox. 682 01:05:59,683 --> 01:06:02,483 I've been officially invited to give a lecture 683 01:06:02,569 --> 01:06:05,082 and exhibit my work at a conference 684 01:06:05,168 --> 01:06:07,767 for crystallographers in America. 685 01:06:07,882 --> 01:06:09,522 Fine kettle of fish, 686 01:06:09,609 --> 01:06:12,322 I don't know anything about crystallography 687 01:06:12,409 --> 01:06:14,125 in a scientific sense, 688 01:06:14,202 --> 01:06:17,923 but apparently, they are reveling in my fantasies. 689 01:06:18,009 --> 01:06:20,369 Well, I guess I should go then. 690 01:06:25,566 --> 01:06:27,801 No better means of transport 691 01:06:27,887 --> 01:06:30,361 and no better lodging than a cargo boat 692 01:06:30,448 --> 01:06:32,366 if you want some peace and quiet. 693 01:06:34,360 --> 01:06:37,841 For weeks, no need to assume any responsibilities, 694 01:06:37,928 --> 01:06:40,565 out of reach of the telephone and letters, 695 01:06:40,642 --> 01:06:42,483 no longer having to read the newspapers 696 01:06:42,560 --> 01:06:44,641 or hear the news reports. 697 01:06:44,727 --> 01:06:48,045 As a result, you acquire a receptivity 698 01:06:48,122 --> 01:06:51,920 that allows you to really wonder again. 699 01:06:55,199 --> 01:06:58,479 You feel disconnected, not only from worries, 700 01:06:58,565 --> 01:07:03,284 but also from the firmness of the Earth's crust. 701 01:07:03,360 --> 01:07:05,326 And then you start to observe 702 01:07:05,403 --> 01:07:09,287 that infinite variation of waves and undulations 703 01:07:09,364 --> 01:07:10,879 and you see the living creatures 704 01:07:10,965 --> 01:07:15,444 in and above the sea, the fish and the birds, 705 01:07:15,521 --> 01:07:17,880 and you finally look at the celestial, 706 01:07:17,966 --> 01:07:20,162 heavenly bodies again: 707 01:07:20,239 --> 01:07:24,967 the sun, the moon, and the stars. 708 01:07:38,038 --> 01:07:40,522 In the sultry night, you can lie 709 01:07:40,598 --> 01:07:43,360 stretched out on your back on a tarpaulin, 710 01:07:43,437 --> 01:07:46,122 and if you bring a flashlight and a star chart, 711 01:07:46,199 --> 01:07:48,405 you can easily commit the eternal figures 712 01:07:48,520 --> 01:07:50,476 of the constellations to memory 713 01:07:50,562 --> 01:07:53,564 and call them by their names. 714 01:07:59,922 --> 01:08:01,476 And the moon. 715 01:08:01,562 --> 01:08:02,924 While she was looking down on me 716 01:08:03,001 --> 01:08:05,321 like a big lamp high above the sea, 717 01:08:05,398 --> 01:08:07,403 I was so amazed at the distance 718 01:08:07,479 --> 01:08:10,721 between her and me. 719 01:08:16,638 --> 01:08:18,278 Breathless with wonder, 720 01:08:18,364 --> 01:08:20,761 I was subjected to her silence, 721 01:08:20,838 --> 01:08:22,718 her apparent immobility, 722 01:08:22,804 --> 01:08:25,719 her motionless balance in space. 723 01:08:30,562 --> 01:08:32,557 She became a symbol to me, 724 01:08:32,643 --> 01:08:35,683 or rather a demonstration of gravity, 725 01:08:35,760 --> 01:08:37,601 which is not a boring concept, 726 01:08:37,678 --> 01:08:42,042 but a living, gripping incomprehensibility. 727 01:10:29,872 --> 01:10:32,231 At home, I am working feverishly, 728 01:10:32,317 --> 01:10:34,197 but I'm constantly disturbed 729 01:10:34,273 --> 01:10:36,594 by the many foreigners at our door 730 01:10:36,671 --> 01:10:39,510 and the growing amount of correspondence. 731 01:10:43,911 --> 01:10:48,553 Mr. Mick Jagger asking me to design a picture 732 01:10:48,630 --> 01:10:52,514 or to place at his disposal unpublished work 733 01:10:52,590 --> 01:10:54,710 to reproduce on the cover sleeve 734 01:10:54,796 --> 01:10:57,030 for an LP record. 735 01:10:58,594 --> 01:11:02,315 My answer to both questions must be no, 736 01:11:02,391 --> 01:11:05,268 because I want to devote all my time and attention 737 01:11:05,355 --> 01:11:07,829 to the many commitments I made. 738 01:11:09,670 --> 01:11:14,110 By the way, please tell Mr. Jagger 739 01:11:14,197 --> 01:11:16,795 I am not Maurits to him, 740 01:11:16,872 --> 01:11:20,114 but very sincerely, 741 01:11:20,190 --> 01:11:22,473 M.C. Escher. 742 01:11:36,791 --> 01:11:39,035 These orgies of color 743 01:11:39,111 --> 01:11:41,873 were clandestinely printed in California. 744 01:11:41,950 --> 01:11:44,194 I got hold of the horrendous results 745 01:11:44,271 --> 01:11:47,186 through the mediation of a friendly customer. 746 01:11:47,272 --> 01:11:49,507 The bright colors are entirely at the expense 747 01:11:49,593 --> 01:11:52,672 of the publisher, who is undoubtedly speculating 748 01:11:52,748 --> 01:11:55,232 on the taste of today's youth. 749 01:12:01,274 --> 01:12:03,547 They were printed with fluorescent ink 750 01:12:03,633 --> 01:12:07,153 and will really come to life in ultraviolet light. 751 01:12:07,268 --> 01:12:09,071 I only know this from hearsay, 752 01:12:09,147 --> 01:12:11,315 because I have never verified it. 753 01:12:24,271 --> 01:12:28,673 Palm from 1933 never had a lot of success, 754 01:12:28,788 --> 01:12:32,106 but was recently elevated to the dignity of a poster 755 01:12:32,192 --> 01:12:35,865 in colors so shrill they hurt your eyes. 756 01:12:39,106 --> 01:12:42,511 What on Earth does this young generation see 757 01:12:42,588 --> 01:12:43,873 in my work? 758 01:12:43,949 --> 01:12:45,225 Doesn't it lack all the qualities 759 01:12:45,350 --> 01:12:47,469 that are hip these days? 760 01:12:47,546 --> 01:12:50,029 It is cerebral and rationalized 761 01:12:50,106 --> 01:12:52,264 instead of wild and sexy. 762 01:12:52,350 --> 01:12:54,028 And how can they reconcile it 763 01:12:54,144 --> 01:12:56,752 with their addiction to narcotics? 764 01:13:01,864 --> 01:13:04,625 But why not let those Californian students 765 01:13:04,712 --> 01:13:09,027 and hippies buy a color poster for a small amount of money? 766 01:13:09,104 --> 01:13:11,588 My prints are not only much too expensive, 767 01:13:11,703 --> 01:13:13,707 they are also too sober in tone 768 01:13:13,784 --> 01:13:16,028 for the taste of many modern youths, 769 01:13:16,105 --> 01:13:17,351 who are usually as fond 770 01:13:17,428 --> 01:13:19,663 of the screaming colors on their walls 771 01:13:19,749 --> 01:13:21,590 as they are of the screaming 772 01:13:21,667 --> 01:13:24,227 coming out of their record players. 773 01:13:26,107 --> 01:13:28,907 Sunset in your eyes. 774 01:13:28,984 --> 01:13:32,983 Traveling the train through clear Moroccan skies. 775 01:13:33,069 --> 01:13:35,265 Ducks and pigs and chickens call, 776 01:13:35,342 --> 01:13:37,625 animal carpet wall to wall. 777 01:13:37,711 --> 01:13:41,029 American ladies five-foot tall in blue. 778 01:13:43,225 --> 01:13:47,061 Sweeping cobwebs from the edges of my mind. 779 01:13:47,147 --> 01:13:49,986 I've always tried to be an observant person. 780 01:13:50,063 --> 01:13:53,870 I've always tried to remain open all around. 781 01:13:53,947 --> 01:13:58,588 I... I'm constantly seeing things, you know? 782 01:13:58,665 --> 01:14:02,146 But Escher's work made me see differently. 783 01:14:02,223 --> 01:14:04,467 One of the things about Escher's work 784 01:14:04,544 --> 01:14:10,029 is that it bears studying. 785 01:14:10,106 --> 01:14:13,741 You know, you have an overall appreciation of the piece, 786 01:14:13,827 --> 01:14:15,745 but when you get deep into the piece 787 01:14:15,822 --> 01:14:17,989 and see what's going on, 788 01:14:18,066 --> 01:14:20,348 it becomes even more miraculous. 789 01:14:20,425 --> 01:14:22,669 So Escher taught me to see differently, 790 01:14:22,746 --> 01:14:24,261 and I'm very thankful for that. 791 01:14:27,982 --> 01:14:29,382 I think one of the last pieces 792 01:14:29,468 --> 01:14:33,544 I ever saw of Escher's was Snakes. 793 01:14:33,621 --> 01:14:34,819 I think that may have been 794 01:14:34,906 --> 01:14:37,581 one of the last pieces that he did. 795 01:14:37,706 --> 01:14:40,583 And he was not a young man when he finished that, 796 01:14:40,660 --> 01:14:43,259 and that is stunning. 797 01:14:43,345 --> 01:14:45,541 I am handicapped by my health. 798 01:14:45,627 --> 01:14:48,140 It takes a lot of time every day. 799 01:14:48,226 --> 01:14:51,468 In the meantime, I try to reprint wood cuts. 800 01:14:51,544 --> 01:14:53,587 I do not feel free enough from worry 801 01:14:53,664 --> 01:14:56,023 to start working on new ideas, 802 01:14:56,100 --> 01:14:58,900 and I'm content with that old métier. 803 01:14:58,986 --> 01:15:01,499 It calms the soul. 804 01:15:05,747 --> 01:15:09,986 Doing this work gives me the sad feeling of getting old, 805 01:15:10,063 --> 01:15:11,942 because who would spend his time chewing 806 01:15:12,019 --> 01:15:15,941 and mulling over things he made years and years ago? 807 01:15:17,418 --> 01:15:19,701 It is not a creative activity, 808 01:15:19,777 --> 01:15:23,786 but really a process of going over old ground. 809 01:15:32,781 --> 01:15:34,939 A prerequisite for a good print, 810 01:15:35,025 --> 01:15:38,104 and by "good" I mean a print that resonates 811 01:15:38,219 --> 01:15:40,300 with a relatively large audience 812 01:15:40,377 --> 01:15:42,899 is that no hocus pocus is practiced 813 01:15:42,985 --> 01:15:44,778 without a very sound 814 01:15:44,865 --> 01:15:48,336 and effortless connection with reality. 815 01:15:48,423 --> 01:15:52,738 What I can say is that no print ever succeeds. 816 01:15:52,863 --> 01:15:55,097 They all fail, 817 01:15:55,184 --> 01:15:57,936 simply because I always pursue a vision 818 01:15:58,022 --> 01:16:00,899 that cannot be realized. 819 01:16:06,059 --> 01:16:08,696 My prints, none of which were ever made 820 01:16:08,782 --> 01:16:12,503 with the primary aim of making something beautiful, 821 01:16:12,580 --> 01:16:16,656 simply cause me headaches. 822 01:16:16,742 --> 01:16:20,261 That is the reason why I never feel fully at home 823 01:16:20,338 --> 01:16:22,784 amongst my colleagues. 824 01:16:22,860 --> 01:16:27,022 They pursue beauty first and foremost. 825 01:16:27,099 --> 01:16:31,338 Perhaps I only pursue wonder. 826 01:16:38,540 --> 01:16:42,817 I really believe that the high-end art world 827 01:16:42,894 --> 01:16:45,742 is going to rediscover Escher, 828 01:16:45,819 --> 01:16:48,696 and I think that his artwork is going to be appreciated 829 01:16:48,782 --> 01:16:51,017 for what it really is: 830 01:16:51,093 --> 01:16:52,820 stunning work. 831 01:16:52,896 --> 01:16:55,179 And I think the rest of the world 832 01:16:55,255 --> 01:16:58,334 is going to have to catch up to Escher's work. 833 01:16:58,420 --> 01:17:03,896 I think it will transcend into the future brilliantly. 834 01:17:03,973 --> 01:17:06,293 The crazier this place gets, 835 01:17:06,380 --> 01:17:09,017 the noisier this place gets, 836 01:17:09,094 --> 01:17:13,141 the more his work is really interesting. 837 01:17:13,217 --> 01:17:14,972 He's gonna be much more appreciated 838 01:17:15,059 --> 01:17:17,341 in the coming years. 839 01:17:17,418 --> 01:17:18,895 I really feel it. 69377

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