Original subtitles

Hello there and welcome back

What are the time has finally come I've alluded to it for the past 3 weeks but we're finally going to talk

About colour space

And my goal is were talking about this is to understand the practical application of

Colour space because

I can get very confusing and very technical

Quickly

And the goal is to have a practical understanding of it

With a minimal scientific

So let's gets

Now before we talk about how colour space is implemented in nuke

We first need to understand what exactly colour space is for

Well our goal is to have our work myriad

In order to help achieve that

We should be working in an environment that mirrors reality as closely as possible

Linear colour space

What exactly does that mean because nuke works in a linear colour space under the hood that's what everything

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Is built on

Well A linear colour space displays the relative brightness between objects as they exist in the room

If we had two light

Remote Bob

Is twice as bright as like Barbie

We will see the following luminance values

In a linear colour space

They would be

And you would be .4

The footage with a logarithmic colour space and will go into detail about exactly what this means

We would see this Val

Light bulb is that point

Light bulb is that 0.7

It's not like one Bob bryar

Just being displayed in a colour space that isn't one-to-one with the actual intensity of the light

So you may be asking

Why does the smell

Imagine a note was given to you to double the light intensity

A bobby

So that it matches like Bobby

In a linear colour space

That is easy as multiplying my Bobby

Then suddenly in a logarithmic colour space

Our calculation is not so straightforward

In order to match the brightness of Bob we would need to multiply Ball by 1.1

The strange number is required because our colour-space does not accurately match the real world

We doubled our brightness with a seemingly random multiply

And you can imagine how difficult managing exposures would be

If we didn't have light up a door

In this image you can see how a linear colour space properly matches are cameras exposure

As we go from left to right

Are camera is having the amount of light that it's letting into our lens

The black number represents A linear colour space and the green number represents of logarithmic colour space

And you can see that as we move from left to right

The highlights in the darts in Ireland your colour space or perfectly have

In the highlights in a logarithmic colour space

It's been reduced by

057

In our Shadows in a logarithmic colour space the number of areas heavily in the first panel it's going

.06 down in the next 1 x .07

0.12

And so as you can imagine those to make it very difficult to just double the brightness in a giver

And imagine that we had multiple different cameras that were combined in footage from

They are all going to have different colour space curves

And you can imagine how difficult it would be to get the rolling off of the Shadows to look correct but

Different cameras because they're Kershaw also did

And that's another one of the reasons we want to convert Oliver elements into a linear colour space

Bring them all in line with one another so any changes we may

Are uniformly applied across your foot

Singapore say we wanted to double our brightness we would just multiply all other elements by 2

If we didn't convert our elements and I stayed in a logarithmic colour space we would need to figure out that way

Multiplier for each other elements in order to technically double or brightness

This is also directly related to C&G can pass

Because 99.9999 9% of the time when you receive a CG exr

It will be done in all in your colour space

And unifying that with your footage is very important in it's going to be so much harder to get a CV

You're real

If a car is not properly set up in when you're colour

The next I'd like to go over the three main types of colour spaces

There is linear

Logarithmic

And Dewar aka video

Colour spaces

As we discussed before

A linear colour space

Imitates real world brightness

In that it displays the relative brightness between the objects as they exist in Riyadh

It should be the working space for every compositor using

If you want to look at an image in its linear form

It's actually a pretty ugly thing to look

Don't worry

Will just using this to work

And you're not using it for the final viewing of April

In a graph at the bottom

You can see that on our x-axis we have the real world

As it increasing in Dublin

Footage RGB value is also uniformly increasing

Giving us a link

Colour space

And one of the key components of a linear colour space is that it's floating point

We can have values that are brighter than

Yellow colour spaces generally Kent do

So now let's talk about the

So I wonder if the colour space AKA

A large pillar space is used by high-end cameras to retain the most amount of data pass

They do this by compressing the luminance values very tightly

Typically between the values of .1

Appoint 7 if you were the same

This makes the relative luminance data not accurate to the real world when they recording with these cameras are trying to get them

The man of dynamic range in their images pass

So the flattening all these values

And because of these flat values

A login page will appear very washed out and

As we can see here

There are many different types of log colour spaces there is the Alexa V3 like sea there's a slug

Dragon Wars Canon lore

There is a slight variations between these colour spaces but they all follow the same basic print

You can press the luminance that are used to retain as much detail as possible

Auto you can retain large amounts of data while recording to log

Thanks to High bit depth and cameras

You are still limited to range between 0 and

Anything beyond these values will

And that's why

The Kerb is so flat at the top to retain the brightest Bright Sparks

Now the third type of colour space is when I called the Dior video colour

This is the classification of colour spaces I've kind of come up with because it's a very Broad

Ultimately

If your colour is space isn't in

When your colour space or a log colour space

It's most likely in a viewer colour

This colour space represents footage that has been artistically colour

It is not based on real-world value

Rather what looks good to the eye

When a colour has been working on a log burner

Here she will commonly first apply in srgb or rec 709

To have a baseline colour space conversion to make it visually appealing

What's we have added to a shot that up the weeks follow the exact same principles by making off but it's more

You can see visually this image looks the best of all the places we used so far but it's in 10

To be viewed

Not to be worked

Because this also does not accurately represent

The increasing and brightness

Typically viewer colour spaces will not have that much data in there not floating point

And they are typically the hardest colour space to convert to when you're because you don't know exactly what

The colourist did

In Newport working in a linear colour space or what were the viewing is a view or light on top of that

So we can see what the final result will look like

When it's cut

Are the times of beer colour space

Still running to claim being issues where you lose values because the colour of skull is it to retain data it's to make the image look

Visually appealing

So now let's start talking about how this applies to New

I'm working in nuke are typically multiple color space conversions occurring and it's important to know exactly what

Going on

At the most basic level

3 colour space conversions happy

We have our read note input conversion

The goal of this is to linearise our footage

We have our right now

Output conversion

Which is going to return or footage to its original colour space

And then we have our Buick invoice

And this is the light on top

Farm in your colour space so we can view it in an aesthetically pleasing

So what's happened to nuke and see this in action

So I brought week to spillage into

To use as an example

So what I want to do first is turn off all the colour space conversions that noob is currently

Because there's two

We have an input conversion

Which has been very net from Alexa

And we have a viewer converter

Which is up here interviewer as srgb

Sunday Turner input conversion

We can set the Sterling here which means I want no colour space

Used to happen

And viewer

We can set a colour space to none

Now what we have is all washed out

Log in

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Because that's what this was shot

If you were to open this in any other program this is what the colour wood

Nice and flight and washed out

And so let's explicitly

Input colour converter

Not

Using the colour safe

I'm going to make a colour space node

And you'll see

We have our familiar list of colour space options here

And ignore this d65 and srgb really you don't need any of these mobs except for the

In and out tab

And so if you look at the strap

Either all of the default colour space conversions

This list is the exact same as the list we have in our reader mode

And your nearest the list is the same

In r

And help

And now what I'm about to tell you is the most important concept to grasp about colour space in

Each colour space auction

Has two distinct

Stuart

It has an input Curve

In an hour

Sophie set Alexa to our in

Were using input Alexa

Change that back to one year

If you're selling

When using r output

Very different things happened to our footage

That's looking a quick recap of what this looks like on a car

As you can see on the input conversion on her left

It's the perfect opposite of the output conversion on her way

And so if you were to apply both of these to your image

The result

Will it be no colour

And so where we want to work in you

Is right in the middle

This is our linear colour space

Let's go back into the

I have my colour space known here I'm going to change the statue on here

And I'm going to sat or input

To Alexa

Copy and paste

And I have a look at here

And I will change this colour space to Alexa as well

Because the read node

Colour space tab is looking for the input Curve of the selected colour space

Selfie a b between these two

There is absolutely no difference because the same exam

Colour space Curve

Is being up

Converting your colour space like this is pretty unorthodox but it's still technically correct you could read all your footage

And use colour space notes to do explicit transformation

So what exactly is happening

Whenever using input colour space

The simplest explanation

Is that were expecting a colour space that has a known Curve

Emma telling Luke to x r footage

With that inverted Curve give us a linear result

That's why selecting the right colour space is

Because they don't give you the most accurate linearisation pass

Now let's take a look at the output Theory

Of our

Colour space

So if we were to make

Another colour space known for the sake of keeping this nice and organised

What does coldest

Input conversion

Now if we wanted to die when your eyes are footage we would use the output flavour

Of the Alexa

And you're the one we turn it off

There is 0 shift that happens in our food

Label this output

Conversion very quickly

And so this our conversion

Is what happens when you use

When you decide to write this out and you still like a colour space

It's using the output flavour

Of your colour space

It's Tricky when you're looking at this in New York

Because you can actually see the colour space conversion that happens

It's a current on x

But this is the best way to visualise it with a colour space

If you like

You could

Copy this output conversion

Throw it here

Candice

Linearizing

Make a right note

And write it out in linear

Again Lenny or means there's going to be no color space transformation happy

So when you write this out

What Racine in now

Is exactly what we will get

And so I'm going to delete this really quick

And now maybe it makes a little more sense by the general rule of thumb is to have your read node input

Space match your

Write note

Because they're going to cancel each other out

And that colour shift your phone

Now that we understand how input and output conversions will happen

What's take a look at the final conversion that you

Typically what we doing

And that's are viewer

Colour space

So we bring in

Forage and we'll linearize it like this it doesn't look good but this is technically correct

If we like this one is reaching at 70

Which is exactly what we want

And you can see that nice little fall off of the light

Because it's saying this left side is 16 times brighter

Actually even more than that

Tennis near right side and that kind of Luminous disparity is exactly what your

If we didn't do a colour conversion on this

Watch this is reading around 7

And the right side is it .2 for

And that is not even remotely close to the actual brightness difference on the left and right side of this part

So we have an image in the right

Space

And by default

Nuke applies of euro

Srgb

We talked a little bit about having a standard srgb

Conversion isn't as good as ASUS

For the sake of the 16th

It's fine because this image doesn't look too bad - be

In so what does colour spaces do in

Is it taking the output Curve of the selected

Colour space and applying it on of your own

And you can see

It's not actually changing the voice

What's the sample on this ball

We can see how bright this is we change

Colour space for viewer that are RGB values are not changing

And that's because

This Villa is a post process it's not actually affecting or pixels under the

It's just giving us something a little more visually pleasing to look

And ideally you want this for your process to match your final colour environment as closely as possible

And so we can Minack what is going on in vivo process

What's at the Stena Line and turn it off

Make another colour space node

Oh my god

And if we set are out

2 srgb

This is the exact same thing

Is setting a reviewer to srt

It's using the output Curve

When you have a colour space

What's take another look at this but will use aces this time

We can go ahead and change your setting

2 aces

We're all Emmerdale

You can set

Colour space to raw

What is easiest way of saying don't do any colour space conversions

And we was set

Or image here

2 aces CG

Which is the same thing as Mania

And we'll see this looks exactly the same as when we had it in Luke's default

Space

And now we need to use aces waiver of color space transformation notes

Witcher ocio colour

And so again

To make this in Alexa colour space

Washington at 2

Harry

And now this is love

And now we can go to work

Srgb

And there is a colour space you can flip through these to see which of

Looks nice

You typically

And then what changes to rot again

Make another ocio now

Now if you want to mimic or viewer colour space

We can grab any of these output curves

And applied

And then this is exactly what we were seeing

Interview

And there's something I would like to make very clear

Even though this category of colour spaces is called output

Each of these colour spaces has a distinct input and output

The naming convention I think is a little more confusing than it needs to be

Just keep that in mind that is really two curves for these output colour space

Go back to talking about your process

Disadvantage of grading of your process this way is that as recycling

This actually does change the relative value

Go ahead and Singapore

In this area again it's Rena pt99

Turn this off

It's back up to 70

Best to rec709 interviewer

It doesn't

And so that's why you don't generally work

Like this

And remember we made that for your process in weeks 1 and 2

Your head and do that really quick

With a colour space node

We'll go to our view our settings

If you can't retrieve your settings just make sure you clear

All of your properties that ass in the viewer

We will copy the name

Paste

Here

It's very well

Okapi

Is the name

Now we have argument

We can change this

2

Rec 709

Turn this one off

And you'll see this also does not

Change the value because it's a poo

That is happy

So you can make all the work colour-space adjustments you want but your underlying values

I'm using these two

Will not

I'm going to delete this

And

Keep the cell

Srgb

Actually let's change this to rar

I want to talk about something that upsets

And that is

Effective

Mouse learning

How to apply colour space

This node really threw me through a loop

Because you would think

Colour space in

Would it be applying input

Would be

Sign and helper

Actually

Exact

Opposite

I'm going to go back to standard

Colour space for this

Go back

Wallpaper

Filled in here

Or grab or lip from weed

And this looks correct this is well lyrics

So let's start doing some

Collarspace adjustment

Like we would be doing if you were composite

So the input Curve is Alexa

And now we having your eyes

Now in a vector file

This one that be applied

Correctly because it's expecting

Lenient

So you can actually use this colour space in

To apply

The out

Flavour of our Alexa in here

So that it looks

So despite be named the same thing

The colour space in Tab in your

Sheffield does the opposite of the intab in the colour space

The colour space in knob

In vector field

What apply in

Really close space out tab in the vector field

What apply

An input Curve

Sofia to change this to srgb

That we haven't srgb input applied

And remember or viewer

Help

We change this to srgb

They cancel each other out and give us our desired

This looks exactly as we would expect

With Charlotte

This is very confusing and it just

Really bothers me that it's not more explicit it makes sense if you're looking at just the vector field now

But when you look at it in the context of nuke

Name in at the exact same thing as another name

Having to do the opposite

Really doesn't make any

And that will be the end of my vector Fields colour split screen

And so now that we know how exactly colour space works in you

Let's talk about how we select Cars

Spacers your ability to pick an accurate colour space is entirely dependant

On what you know about your foot

We're going to go over the 4 questions I ask when I'm trying to do

What colour space to use

Is there any medi at that explicitly says what colour space or gamemaker

Was used on the foot

2

Do we have any set reports are written documentation on what colour space was used for your cam

3

Do we know at least what brand of camera this was shot

Limit our search to colour space Curve

Specific to that camera

And then if you don't know any of the above

You need to identify the current category

Colour space that is in and do your best to approx

If you don't know any of this information it can be very difficult in potentially impossible to discover the correct colours

A lot of furniture that is my colour corrected it really is impossible to properly clean your eyes

And that's one of the reasons that's stuck but it can be very difficult to let me rise

Because

There's not really any way of knowing how the colour has been

Let's see this in action in talk about the colour space that I shot for this class and how I feel

Cottage for the first 4 weeks of this class was shot

Black magic

This camera has its own flavour of a log Curve that uses black magic

An Asus really only has

Hi and cinema cameras to choose

Input

So what do you do

What you need to find a curve that closely approximates the one that you're using

In this instance

The blackmagic log Curve is very similar to the area Alexa log CV3

And so I ended up using that to get the most accurate linearization

Possible with an Asus

It's definitely not a perfect one to one match

But I know that it is very close

To an Alexa

And it's definitely within the same category of War

And so it was good and ok too

What's talk about another type of camera that's commonly used

That it may be a little tricky to find the colour space

I'm talking about

Otters

Dslrs modern ones do you have some log curves but a lot of them don't they just

Standard rec709 those different hacks for dslrs to get curry

But I can be very difficult to figure out

What exactly you should be you

If you're using the

Default

From your DSLR ads are it's an srgb or x 709

And that's how you shouldn't

Colour space

The trick with the srgb my 1.8 all of these kind of viewer

Public spaces

Is a typically don't let your eyes very well and I don't give you a large range of luminance value

To play with

And that's just a casualty of working with a lower

And unfortunately

This goes for a lot of sacrilege as well anything that you get that visually appealing that it's been colour corrected

Good

You're probably have to use one of these if you were colour spaces

The transfer

And that's why the general brought is if you don't know the colour space and its been coloured

Use a sword

That's why in week 2

Use srgb

For that stock photographs

And then week 3

Freddie Starr

Video we use that was also srgb because I really wasn't anyway to tell what camera it was

Looks like it has been coloured in

So we use dove

When you using CGI elements as exr

Like we said earlier they were almost always be linear or 99.9999 9% of the time

They're going to be linear and that's a pretty good rule of thumb for x ours if you don't know what colour space

They should be

It's probably linear

And now is where I do have to make a confession

In week 1

We should not have used

The srgb colour space

Technically

Snot linearizing

I did this mainly because we were just getting started in

And I didn't want to even begin to dip my toe into colour space

Because of its complexity and how obstructed is I wanted us to

Compositing and if we would have had it in Alexa the three like see we would have had a play with our colour because srg

You were colour space doesn't show the highlights very well

There are a lot of reasons that I didn't want to use

Since we were just getting

And since we were really effect

Colour and brightness to match in the image

I felt that it was OK to cheat

Well if we were starting that shot now with the knowledge we have

We would have read it in as Alexa

Most likely in aces and then beauty with aces srgb or cases rec709

And now that I have that

Half of my chest I just want to recap

Why we use colour space and that was a lot of information

I think this is the hardest

Concept

Under

And it is

Because it will bring or object into the real world in terms

And it's going to unify Oliver elements and how they react

The changes

You know you've messed up your colour space

When you increase your game

Appoint one and then suddenly your son

Is 20 x 2

What is

That may seem like an over exaggeration but I've seen it

And it's why colour space is so

So we're here we're happy and thank you very much for sticking with me through this very long very video

And I'll catch you guys in and