Original subtitles

Fresh water is a symbol of human life

From ancient times till today, wherever there were rivers,

settlements are mentioned.

This is the case with the river Indus which has been

flowing for thousands of years.

Most of us know that the canal system of the Indus River

was built by the British.

But its origin was much earlier, centuries ago.

The irrigation system of the Indus River was initially constructed by

ancient civilizations

This system was initially started by the Indus Valley Civilization or

Mohenjo Daro Civilization centuries ago, which is estimated to be

around 2500 BC i.e. about 4100 years ago.

At that time they settled their cities on the banks of the river Indus

to provide their food through agriculture.

These early settlers built various canal systems as well as a few

small dams to divert their river water to their will.

The purpose of which was to make the land usable for agriculture

and to get drinking water.

The various rulers who ruled Sindh over the centuries, including

the Maurya dynasty that ruled from

the 4th to the 2nd century BC,

understood the importance of water.

They built various water tanks which we can call dams.

This involved channeling rainwater and water from

the Indus River under various canal systems.

The Kushan rulers also continued the earlier tradition from

the 1st to the 3rd century

They resorted to the latest technology of the time to extract

water from the wells.

A wheel was used instead of hands to pump water.

There has been a rapid increase in the number of water dams

and water wells on land to store water.

Along with this, the canal system was very quickly connected to

the Indus River.

The Mughal rulers during their reign not only expanded the new

system rapidly but also built various and large wells and bowls

where water could not be brought through the canal system.

To conserve rain water

There are a few such wells in the Mukli area which suggest that

they were built during the Mughal period.

In each period the infrastructure of the Indus water system

was rapidly expanded and improved.

However, under the British government, massive barrages and

modern

canal systems were rapidly developed on scientific grounds.

These include the Upper Bari Doab Canal and the Lower Doab Canal,

both located on the Ravi River in Punjab.

In addition, the Sukkur Barrage in Sindh,

which diverts the waters of the Indus River to the Sukkur Canal

and the Begari Canal, was constructed.

Undoubtedly, the canal system of Pakistan advanced rapidly on

scientific basis during the British era, but it should always be

remembered that the canal system in Sindh was not only built

by the British but its basic construction is about 4100 years old.

It was a long time ago,