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By this stage, almost every building
in Berlin has been flattened,
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00:00:17,560 --> 00:00:21,920
but there's still a partially
intact concert hall.
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00:00:23,880 --> 00:00:27,440
And in this concert hall, the Nazis
organise a final concert
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00:00:27,440 --> 00:00:29,400
by the Berlin Philharmonic.
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00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:32,680
APPLAUSE
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00:00:32,680 --> 00:00:35,960
The concert features
Wagner's Gotterdammerung,
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in which the gods of Valhalla
are consumed in flames.
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00:00:46,640 --> 00:00:50,400
Gotterdammerung
by Richard Wagner
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00:00:55,280 --> 00:00:59,480
The last scene features a suicide
at its centre.
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00:01:04,640 --> 00:01:08,200
There's a clear implication
here that Germany, Hitler,
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00:01:08,200 --> 00:01:10,080
and as many people as possible...
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00:01:11,760 --> 00:01:13,960
..are going to end it all.
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00:01:38,200 --> 00:01:41,400
APPLAUSE
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00:01:47,120 --> 00:01:48,960
It's an extraordinary event.
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00:01:48,960 --> 00:01:53,760
And at the end of the concert,
as the audience streams out,
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00:01:53,760 --> 00:01:57,960
there are Hitler Youth handing
out cyanide capsules.
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00:02:00,120 --> 00:02:05,040
It's an invitation to the audience
to bring everything to an end,
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00:02:05,040 --> 00:02:07,520
to kill themselves as well.
19
00:02:29,800 --> 00:02:34,040
This is the story of the collapse
of the Third Reich
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00:02:34,040 --> 00:02:37,960
as the Allied troops close in
on Germany.
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00:02:39,520 --> 00:02:43,480
Our interest is the psychology
of that collapse,
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00:02:43,480 --> 00:02:47,800
as those at the heart of the regime
cling to power.
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00:02:47,800 --> 00:02:53,720
It's the worst in human nature
you see during the collapse
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00:02:53,720 --> 00:02:55,240
of the Third Reich.
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00:02:56,240 --> 00:03:00,960
To help us tell the story,
we've asked historians and experts
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00:03:00,960 --> 00:03:05,960
to take us inside the minds of each
one of the key protagonists
27
00:03:05,960 --> 00:03:09,040
as they are forced to
confront failure.
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00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:16,680
The cycle of thinking at that time
wouldn't allow anyone to think
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00:03:16,680 --> 00:03:19,560
that what's happening is wrong.
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00:03:19,560 --> 00:03:23,000
Being picked up, shot, disappeared.
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00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:27,280
They are walking into an apocalypse
on purpose.
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00:03:28,680 --> 00:03:31,720
Ultimately,
who will stay loyal to Hitler?
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00:03:31,720 --> 00:03:35,680
MUSIC CRESCENDOS
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00:03:37,120 --> 00:03:38,840
And who will betray him...
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00:03:39,880 --> 00:03:41,120
..and when?
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00:03:58,120 --> 00:04:02,240
When Adolf Hitler sweeps to power
in the 1930s,
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00:04:02,240 --> 00:04:06,800
he promises the German people
a thousand-year Reich,
38
00:04:06,800 --> 00:04:10,080
a thousand years of
undisputed glory.
39
00:04:14,040 --> 00:04:17,560
Seduced by this vision of
global domination,
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00:04:17,560 --> 00:04:21,840
Hitler's millions of followers
think he's invincible.
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00:04:28,800 --> 00:04:32,160
Now, at the end of April 1945,
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00:04:32,160 --> 00:04:36,840
the war Hitler started has come back
to haunt him.
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00:04:36,840 --> 00:04:40,640
Germany is on the brink of
total defeat,
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00:04:40,640 --> 00:04:45,320
and the all-powerful Fuhrer is
living in an underground bunker.
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00:04:46,840 --> 00:04:51,720
Most of Germany is occupied by
invading Allied forces,
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00:04:51,720 --> 00:04:54,800
and a two-million-strong
Soviet army
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00:04:54,800 --> 00:04:57,960
is just a mile from Hitler's
hiding place.
48
00:05:06,560 --> 00:05:09,680
With the Red Army now inside Berlin,
49
00:05:09,680 --> 00:05:12,440
even Hitler's most loyal deputies
50
00:05:12,440 --> 00:05:14,760
have started to turn their backs
on him.
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00:05:17,560 --> 00:05:22,280
Albert Speer, once a close personal
friend of Hitler's,
52
00:05:22,280 --> 00:05:26,880
believes the Allies will need him to
help rebuild Germany after the war.
53
00:05:28,560 --> 00:05:32,040
Speer is looking for his own future,
54
00:05:32,040 --> 00:05:34,960
his way out of the Third Reich.
55
00:05:39,640 --> 00:05:45,120
He's collecting material for the
Allied forces,
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00:05:45,120 --> 00:05:51,120
to show them that he did everything
to stop the war,
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00:05:51,120 --> 00:05:54,200
to save the lives of people.
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00:06:00,560 --> 00:06:03,040
He twists the truth.
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00:06:04,520 --> 00:06:09,080
Speer now tries to appear
as Hitler's opponent.
60
00:06:15,400 --> 00:06:20,560
Meanwhile, Hermann Goring,
Hitler's notional successor,
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00:06:20,560 --> 00:06:24,760
is convinced he's the one the Allies
will choose to collaborate with.
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00:06:29,560 --> 00:06:33,840
After all these years of waiting,
you think the possibility might now
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00:06:33,840 --> 00:06:37,040
arrive that I will actually
become Hitler's successor.
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00:06:42,240 --> 00:06:46,520
This is a point to which I've been
working for many years.
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00:06:47,520 --> 00:06:49,320
It's arrived at the wrong time,
of course,
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00:06:49,320 --> 00:06:51,560
but nevertheless there's still
a possibility
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00:06:51,560 --> 00:06:53,600
I can play an important role again.
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00:06:55,520 --> 00:06:58,760
While he waits to stake his claim
as leader,
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00:06:58,760 --> 00:07:03,840
Goring tries to preserve the wealth
and status he's enjoyed for so long.
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00:07:06,520 --> 00:07:09,920
The artworks, the tapestries,
the jewellery,
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00:07:09,920 --> 00:07:14,760
all the things that he's collected
as Hitler's deputy
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00:07:14,760 --> 00:07:18,640
across the years of the war
are all being packed up.
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00:07:20,680 --> 00:07:23,520
He wants to keep around him
the apparatus
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00:07:23,520 --> 00:07:26,520
that made him the great figure
he thinks he is.
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00:07:33,200 --> 00:07:37,760
Hitler believes Heinrich Himmler
is still his most loyal follower.
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00:07:39,880 --> 00:07:44,200
Himmler knows that his idol
is going to die soon.
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00:07:45,640 --> 00:07:48,600
Himmler must shape his own
future now.
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00:07:50,720 --> 00:07:53,640
What is keeping Himmler
going at this stage
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00:07:53,640 --> 00:07:56,320
is his determination to survive...
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00:07:57,520 --> 00:08:01,400
..his determination to maintain
his reputation
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00:08:01,400 --> 00:08:04,480
as one of the most powerful men
in Germany.
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00:08:04,480 --> 00:08:10,160
And he is really keen on crafting
a new role for himself
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00:08:10,160 --> 00:08:12,600
in a post-Hitler Germany.
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00:08:14,520 --> 00:08:16,640
Behind the Fuhrer's back,
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00:08:16,640 --> 00:08:21,320
Himmler is secretly making plans
for peace with Germany's enemies.
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00:08:23,680 --> 00:08:28,240
If Hitler discovers Himmler's plan,
it could cost him his life.
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00:08:31,640 --> 00:08:35,280
Song Of The Plains
by Boris Alexandrov
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00:08:40,800 --> 00:08:45,000
The Soviets are now taking
Berlin street by street,
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00:08:45,000 --> 00:08:46,280
hour by hour.
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00:08:48,400 --> 00:08:51,240
Brutalising the German people
as they go.
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00:08:52,840 --> 00:08:56,440
Heading to Hitler's bunker from
all directions.
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00:08:58,600 --> 00:09:02,080
DISTANT EXPLOSIONS
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00:09:10,200 --> 00:09:14,400
On 27th of April, Hitler decides
he wants to go upstairs,
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00:09:14,400 --> 00:09:18,800
into the garden, and inspect the
ruins of the Reich Chancellery.
95
00:09:22,880 --> 00:09:27,800
He gets his valet, Anslinger,
to lead him up to the door
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that opens out onto the garden.
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00:09:32,560 --> 00:09:34,360
EXPLOSION
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But just at that moment, a Russian
shell lands in the garden.
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00:09:40,160 --> 00:09:42,880
It's clearly far too dangerous
to go.
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00:09:44,560 --> 00:09:47,360
The Russians are now surrounding
the chancellery area
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00:09:47,360 --> 00:09:52,840
and bombarding it very heavily, and
so they have to go back downstairs.
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00:09:55,160 --> 00:09:58,280
DISTANT EXPLOSIONS
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00:09:58,280 --> 00:10:02,560
By this time, he's realised
that the end is approaching.
104
00:10:07,280 --> 00:10:09,400
Hitler knows he is now trapped.
105
00:10:13,960 --> 00:10:17,040
With the Nazi regime disintegrating,
106
00:10:17,040 --> 00:10:20,400
only his most die-hard loyalists
stay by his side.
107
00:10:22,720 --> 00:10:28,160
Propaganda Chief Joseph Goebbels
is one of the last true believers.
108
00:10:33,320 --> 00:10:36,480
Goebbels understands that the war
is lost.
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00:10:38,840 --> 00:10:41,760
But he still urges the German people
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00:10:41,760 --> 00:10:45,200
to fight to their utmost, to fight
to the bitter end.
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00:10:46,760 --> 00:10:49,400
This is not because they expect
victory any more,
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00:10:49,400 --> 00:10:54,000
but rather they are walking into
an apocalypse.
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00:10:55,000 --> 00:10:58,120
They want to make a historical
last stand,
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00:10:58,120 --> 00:11:02,640
they want to go down in flames
and take Europe down with them.
115
00:11:02,640 --> 00:11:05,240
Nazi ideology is based
on the belief,
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00:11:05,240 --> 00:11:08,960
in a Darwinian struggle
between races,
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00:11:08,960 --> 00:11:11,760
only the strongest can survive.
118
00:11:11,760 --> 00:11:14,800
Now the Germans are losing the war,
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00:11:14,800 --> 00:11:20,040
Hitler and Goebbels turn this racist
ideology against their own people.
120
00:11:21,200 --> 00:11:24,800
Hitler and Goebbels had come
to believe their own propaganda
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00:11:24,800 --> 00:11:27,240
about racial struggles for survival,
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00:11:27,240 --> 00:11:29,480
and that if German people
did not win,
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00:11:29,480 --> 00:11:31,280
they did not deserve to survive.
124
00:11:32,880 --> 00:11:35,320
They did not care for the lives
of German people
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00:11:35,320 --> 00:11:37,000
if they were not victorious.
126
00:11:41,720 --> 00:11:44,880
Goebbels is so indoctrinated
by Nazism,
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00:11:44,880 --> 00:11:46,920
he makes a shocking choice.
128
00:11:49,480 --> 00:11:52,320
The Goebbels' decision to take
their children with them
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00:11:52,320 --> 00:11:55,160
in the Hitler bunker seems crazy.
130
00:11:56,720 --> 00:11:59,880
But in their own logic,
it made a lot of sense.
131
00:11:59,880 --> 00:12:02,760
Goebbels was not going to leave
the side of the Fuhrer.
132
00:12:04,600 --> 00:12:06,720
Magda declared very openly,
133
00:12:06,720 --> 00:12:09,680
"I belong to my husband, and my
children belong to me."
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00:12:12,240 --> 00:12:14,880
Obedient as she is,
135
00:12:14,880 --> 00:12:18,080
there is far more to Magda than a
doting wife.
136
00:12:19,920 --> 00:12:22,400
Magda is a very committed Nazi.
137
00:12:23,840 --> 00:12:26,760
All of the Goebbels' children have
names beginning with H
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00:12:26,760 --> 00:12:28,440
in a tribute to Hitler.
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00:12:32,560 --> 00:12:35,680
Hitler outright believes that she is
the model
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00:12:35,680 --> 00:12:39,920
of the perfect Aryan woman that
represents the purity,
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00:12:39,920 --> 00:12:45,520
the dedication, the devotion and the
ideological radicalism of Nazism.
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00:12:49,560 --> 00:12:52,120
She has been printed in
every magazine.
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00:12:58,720 --> 00:13:00,760
Every German would have known
her face
144
00:13:00,760 --> 00:13:03,240
because she is the ideal
Nazi matron.
145
00:13:16,560 --> 00:13:20,920
Goebbels hopes his family's
show of loyalty
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00:13:20,920 --> 00:13:22,840
will boost Hitler's morale.
147
00:13:23,880 --> 00:13:29,120
But in reality, Germany's military
position is hopeless.
148
00:13:36,600 --> 00:13:40,000
Things are so desperate in
April 1945
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00:13:40,000 --> 00:13:45,120
that Hitler issues a proclamation
that everybody should fight.
150
00:13:46,200 --> 00:13:49,440
People shouldn't do deals
with the Allies,
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00:13:49,440 --> 00:13:51,640
they shouldn't raise white flags,
152
00:13:51,640 --> 00:13:54,360
men, women and children
should resist until the last.
153
00:13:57,520 --> 00:14:03,240
This is an invitation to die in the
interests of a future Germany,
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00:14:03,240 --> 00:14:04,640
as Hitler saw it.
155
00:14:06,680 --> 00:14:09,920
Hitler believes that the most
shameful thing in German history
156
00:14:09,920 --> 00:14:14,320
has been the surrender, the
capitulation of 1918,
157
00:14:14,320 --> 00:14:15,680
at the end of World War I.
158
00:14:18,160 --> 00:14:20,600
This time, there will be
no surrender.
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00:14:31,000 --> 00:14:35,160
While Hitler demands self-sacrifice
from his bunker in Berlin...
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00:14:36,400 --> 00:14:40,560
..in southern Germany, American
forces are just a few miles
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outside the historic town
of Ansbach.
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00:14:48,760 --> 00:14:53,600
19-year-old student Robert Limpert
fears many lives
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00:14:53,600 --> 00:14:57,560
will be needlessly lost by resisting
Germany's inevitable defeat.
164
00:14:58,920 --> 00:15:02,640
Robert, this person who wanted to
speak out,
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00:15:02,640 --> 00:15:05,280
he wanted to think freely.
166
00:15:11,080 --> 00:15:15,880
He doesn't want to just follow the
orders of the Nazis
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00:15:15,880 --> 00:15:17,400
without questioning.
168
00:15:19,200 --> 00:15:23,240
The town's commander,
Colonel Ernst Meyer,
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00:15:23,240 --> 00:15:26,480
calls on local people to fight until
the last bullet.
170
00:15:28,400 --> 00:15:32,280
Few have the capacity to resist
his senseless command.
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00:15:32,280 --> 00:15:34,920
They either still support the Nazis
172
00:15:34,920 --> 00:15:37,920
or are too exhausted by war
to defy him.
173
00:15:42,120 --> 00:15:43,280
It's very strange.
174
00:15:43,280 --> 00:15:46,680
Like, speaking about the Nazis,
I feel myself speaking about Isis.
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00:15:48,880 --> 00:15:51,600
Because it's exactly what they did.
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00:15:51,600 --> 00:15:54,200
People lose track of what they are.
177
00:15:56,200 --> 00:16:01,120
People forget at one point
that they are being oppressed.
178
00:16:05,280 --> 00:16:08,560
While a student at
Wurzburg University,
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00:16:08,560 --> 00:16:12,320
Robert witnessed the devastation of
the city by Allied bombers.
180
00:16:13,840 --> 00:16:16,480
Robert saw all that destruction
181
00:16:16,480 --> 00:16:20,160
and thought, "I have a chance
to prevent this
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00:16:20,160 --> 00:16:22,120
"from happening in my town."
183
00:16:24,840 --> 00:16:27,920
He believes in the power of words.
184
00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:30,880
He believes in the power
of thoughts.
185
00:16:32,360 --> 00:16:37,600
Now he decides it's time to show
the people how ugly this war is.
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00:16:41,360 --> 00:16:43,880
He began distributing
those leaflets.
187
00:16:50,200 --> 00:16:53,160
If caught with his
anti-Nazi propaganda,
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00:16:53,160 --> 00:16:55,160
Robert faces certain death.
189
00:16:57,200 --> 00:17:01,080
But with countless lives at stake,
he cannot stand by and do nothing.
190
00:17:02,800 --> 00:17:07,160
Robert has to convince the people
of Ansbach not to fight back
191
00:17:07,160 --> 00:17:08,960
when the Americans arrive.
192
00:17:10,800 --> 00:17:15,800
In his last line, he wrote "Death
to the Nazi executioners!"
193
00:17:17,080 --> 00:17:20,200
This is the ultimate level
of resistance to the Nazis.
194
00:17:29,440 --> 00:17:32,480
His opposition against the system
195
00:17:32,480 --> 00:17:36,160
is putting him at the danger
of death,
196
00:17:36,160 --> 00:17:38,280
that he might be killed
at any moment.
197
00:17:41,080 --> 00:17:44,920
But he knows deep inside
his heart and mind
198
00:17:44,920 --> 00:17:46,960
that this is what should be done.
199
00:18:06,320 --> 00:18:10,280
Hitler is really now
cooped up in the bunker.
200
00:18:10,280 --> 00:18:13,560
The situation is getting desperate.
201
00:18:13,560 --> 00:18:16,840
The Red Army is going to be there
within hours.
202
00:18:22,680 --> 00:18:26,440
In this atmosphere, discipline
begins to fall apart.
203
00:18:30,680 --> 00:18:33,560
People start smoking in
Hitler's presence.
204
00:18:33,560 --> 00:18:37,560
They started drinking, which he also
didn't like, as a teetotaller.
205
00:18:39,840 --> 00:18:41,760
People started disrespecting him.
206
00:18:43,600 --> 00:18:48,240
They didn't stand up when he entered
a room, didn't give Nazi salutes.
207
00:18:50,080 --> 00:18:54,120
It's a situation in which Hitler,
in some sense, is already dead.
208
00:18:56,120 --> 00:19:00,000
He's already treated as if he's
no longer the great leader.
209
00:19:07,400 --> 00:19:11,600
You can smell the fear,
the sweat of people.
210
00:19:14,920 --> 00:19:16,200
The toilets are blocked,
211
00:19:16,200 --> 00:19:19,120
and so the stench is spreading
throughout the bunker.
212
00:19:21,720 --> 00:19:24,320
There is a sense of impending doom.
213
00:19:28,240 --> 00:19:33,080
This is the moment when his charisma
finally breaks and disappears.
214
00:19:35,480 --> 00:19:39,360
In these darkest hours, Hitler
relies evermore
215
00:19:39,360 --> 00:19:43,840
on the unconditional support
of his girlfriend, Eva Braun.
216
00:19:43,840 --> 00:19:47,200
Piano Concerto No. 5
by Ludwig van Beethoven
217
00:19:52,800 --> 00:19:56,920
Eva Braun is not a particularly
political creature.
218
00:19:56,920 --> 00:20:00,240
She is not following things
in great detail.
219
00:20:03,000 --> 00:20:06,640
Eva's fantasy is about her place
in Nazi history.
220
00:20:10,800 --> 00:20:12,120
The clock is ticking.
221
00:20:12,120 --> 00:20:13,560
Time is running out.
222
00:20:13,560 --> 00:20:17,680
I now need to make sure
that I am at Hitler's side.
223
00:20:19,720 --> 00:20:23,400
Most rational people would be trying
to get out of Berlin.
224
00:20:25,640 --> 00:20:28,040
Eva has a different ambition.
225
00:20:32,480 --> 00:20:35,120
Her life doesn't hold value
to her
226
00:20:35,120 --> 00:20:38,960
unless she can achieve her
greatest ambition,
227
00:20:38,960 --> 00:20:43,920
which is to secure her place in
future Nazi history,
228
00:20:43,920 --> 00:20:46,840
being Hitler's loyal support
to the end.
229
00:20:48,200 --> 00:20:50,000
Even if it costs her life.
230
00:20:55,880 --> 00:20:58,800
Despite his rapidly
waning authority,
231
00:20:58,800 --> 00:21:02,440
Hitler still holds daily
military briefings.
232
00:21:02,440 --> 00:21:06,320
He now pins his hopes on the
12th Army,
233
00:21:06,320 --> 00:21:08,520
but they are nowhere near Berlin.
234
00:21:15,880 --> 00:21:19,760
Heather's Situation Conferences
came to focus more and more
235
00:21:19,760 --> 00:21:21,960
on enormous maps he'd had made...
236
00:21:25,040 --> 00:21:27,880
..with little flags that he could
move around,
237
00:21:27,880 --> 00:21:29,480
each representing a division.
238
00:21:31,120 --> 00:21:35,720
And he became almost obsessed
with these maps.
239
00:21:37,480 --> 00:21:43,240
But the problem was each division
was severely depleted.
240
00:21:43,240 --> 00:21:48,360
In reality, the little flags,
they represented nothing at all.
241
00:21:48,360 --> 00:21:49,880
They were purely imaginary.
242
00:21:51,920 --> 00:21:54,720
One of the generals, Keitel,
requests permission
243
00:21:54,720 --> 00:21:57,560
to rejoin the remnants of the
12th Army
244
00:21:57,560 --> 00:22:00,720
to make sure Hitler's demands are
carried out.
245
00:22:02,360 --> 00:22:09,040
Keitel is the last of the totally
loyal generals around Hitler.
246
00:22:13,920 --> 00:22:18,880
He's there at the centre of things
because Hitler trusts him
247
00:22:18,880 --> 00:22:21,400
not to object to anything he orders.
248
00:22:26,720 --> 00:22:32,040
Even Keitel realises that Hitler
is indulging in fantasies
249
00:22:32,040 --> 00:22:37,640
so bizarre and so hopeless that it
would not make any sense
250
00:22:37,640 --> 00:22:39,520
to carry out these orders.
251
00:22:41,600 --> 00:22:44,360
Keitel simply disappears.
252
00:22:44,360 --> 00:22:46,200
He just fled.
253
00:22:53,520 --> 00:22:57,000
As the situation in Berlin worsens,
254
00:22:57,000 --> 00:23:01,480
Himmler senses an opportunity to
improve his own chances of survival.
255
00:23:03,000 --> 00:23:08,920
Himmler feels emboldened to press
on with plans for the future.
256
00:23:08,920 --> 00:23:13,360
Himmler thinks that Hitler
is incapable at this stage
257
00:23:13,360 --> 00:23:15,080
of acting decisively.
258
00:23:19,760 --> 00:23:22,760
Himmler needs to take charge
from now on.
259
00:23:24,040 --> 00:23:29,720
As he contemplates a new Nazi order,
Himmler allows himself to imagine
260
00:23:29,720 --> 00:23:32,400
a world in which he is the
next Fuhrer.
261
00:23:34,720 --> 00:23:38,920
He even considers a new name
for the Nazi Party -
262
00:23:38,920 --> 00:23:41,520
the Party of National Union.
263
00:23:44,240 --> 00:23:48,440
He's a man who boasts about loyalty.
264
00:23:48,440 --> 00:23:51,440
He is a man who boasts
about honour.
265
00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:56,280
But what really matters to Himmler
in the end is his own prestige,
266
00:23:56,280 --> 00:23:57,840
it is his own position.
267
00:23:59,160 --> 00:24:01,840
Himmler thinks the best way
to secure his position
268
00:24:01,840 --> 00:24:06,840
in future Germany is to sound out a
peace deal with the Western Allies.
269
00:24:09,520 --> 00:24:14,040
To make this bold move,
he travels 175 miles
270
00:24:14,040 --> 00:24:17,040
north of Berlin to the
Baltic coast.
271
00:24:18,560 --> 00:24:22,640
Himmler is meeting an intermediary,
Count Bernadotte,
272
00:24:22,640 --> 00:24:28,000
who is a senior representative from
the neutral Swedish government.
273
00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:33,000
Himmler tells Bernadotte
that he has authority from Hitler
274
00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:35,600
to negotiate with the
Western Allies.
275
00:24:37,920 --> 00:24:41,400
Himmler boasts that he will force
the German troops
276
00:24:41,400 --> 00:24:44,080
fighting on the Western Front
to surrender.
277
00:24:45,760 --> 00:24:49,080
This is exactly what Hitler
promised would never happen.
278
00:24:52,600 --> 00:24:54,760
Going over the Fuhrer's head
279
00:24:54,760 --> 00:24:57,440
is a very dangerous game
to be playing.
280
00:24:59,800 --> 00:25:04,880
Himmler is not really having lots of
moral qualms.
281
00:25:04,880 --> 00:25:07,840
He simply talks about business.
282
00:25:11,760 --> 00:25:15,480
Himmler is determined to have a
meeting with the Supreme Commander
283
00:25:15,480 --> 00:25:18,320
of the Allied Forces in Europe,
General Eisenhower.
284
00:25:21,040 --> 00:25:25,680
And he is wondering whether he
should shake hands with Eisenhower
285
00:25:25,680 --> 00:25:27,600
or whether he should bow.
286
00:25:30,160 --> 00:25:32,400
He is acting under delusion
if he believes
287
00:25:32,400 --> 00:25:37,720
that the Western Allies will
seriously negotiate with him,
288
00:25:37,720 --> 00:25:40,080
the architect of the Holocaust.
289
00:25:48,720 --> 00:25:50,840
In the town of Ansbach,
290
00:25:50,840 --> 00:25:54,760
Robert Limpert continues his one man
campaign of resistance.
291
00:25:57,760 --> 00:26:01,000
But he needs more than just leaflets
to save lives
292
00:26:01,000 --> 00:26:03,600
and starts taking ever bigger risks.
293
00:26:09,440 --> 00:26:11,960
To disrupt the defence of the town,
294
00:26:11,960 --> 00:26:15,400
Limpert cuts telephone wires leading
from the headquarters
295
00:26:15,400 --> 00:26:18,800
of the local Nazi commander,
Colonel Meyer.
296
00:26:22,400 --> 00:26:25,320
It's probably his last resort.
297
00:26:26,440 --> 00:26:28,920
It's an act of courage,
298
00:26:28,920 --> 00:26:31,160
but at the same time, he knows...
299
00:26:32,760 --> 00:26:36,120
..the step he is taking
has only one end.
300
00:26:39,520 --> 00:26:42,640
Boys from the Hitler Youth
saw him...
301
00:26:45,920 --> 00:26:49,080
..and they reported him immediately
to the police.
302
00:26:54,840 --> 00:26:59,800
When Robert is arrested, a show
trial is quickly held.
303
00:26:59,800 --> 00:27:03,120
And in two minutes, he is sentenced
to death.
304
00:27:05,280 --> 00:27:08,160
They don't care about
killing him physically.
305
00:27:08,160 --> 00:27:12,080
They are so afraid of what Robert
would say
306
00:27:12,080 --> 00:27:14,440
if he was given the right to speak
307
00:27:14,440 --> 00:27:18,760
because they know it is the power of
his words that will last.
308
00:27:31,440 --> 00:27:35,520
Even at that moment, Robert
was resisting.
309
00:27:38,120 --> 00:27:40,160
He somehow managed to escape.
310
00:28:12,160 --> 00:28:16,440
I believe he died with some sorrow,
looking at his people.
311
00:28:17,840 --> 00:28:22,800
But at the same time, satisfied
that he had done the right thing.
312
00:28:25,120 --> 00:28:28,600
Meyer said, "Let him stay here
until he stinks."
313
00:28:29,640 --> 00:28:32,680
They wanted to leave him hanging.
314
00:28:32,680 --> 00:28:36,400
To that extent, they were trying
to dehumanise him.
315
00:28:36,400 --> 00:28:41,680
But they forgot that Robert
is no more this body.
316
00:28:41,680 --> 00:28:49,160
Robert is the value of what it
means to be a free man.
317
00:28:50,640 --> 00:28:55,680
I believe freedom is what he
stood for.
318
00:28:55,680 --> 00:28:57,720
And it's freedom, what he died for.
319
00:29:02,680 --> 00:29:06,160
Tragically, the Americans arrive
in Ansbach
320
00:29:06,160 --> 00:29:09,040
just a few hours after
Robert's execution.
321
00:29:12,400 --> 00:29:14,960
His town surrenders without a fight.
322
00:29:16,800 --> 00:29:22,680
Robert is one of 10,000 German
citizens executed by the Nazis
323
00:29:22,680 --> 00:29:24,680
in a final wave of terror.
324
00:29:31,640 --> 00:29:34,640
EXPLOSIONS
325
00:29:41,240 --> 00:29:46,200
In Berlin, Russian shells pound
the streets surrounding the bunker.
326
00:29:51,360 --> 00:29:53,920
EXPLOSION
327
00:29:55,400 --> 00:29:59,600
Underground, life is becoming
increasingly squalid.
328
00:30:02,320 --> 00:30:05,800
Fans supplying fresh air
are turned off
329
00:30:05,800 --> 00:30:08,240
after they start sucking in
smoke and fumes
330
00:30:08,240 --> 00:30:10,640
from the heavy shelling above.
331
00:30:17,800 --> 00:30:19,960
The war is so close,
332
00:30:19,960 --> 00:30:24,520
an emergency field hospital
is set up inside the bunker itself.
333
00:30:28,560 --> 00:30:31,000
Surrounded by the dead and dying,
334
00:30:31,000 --> 00:30:34,840
ever more dreadful news
reaches those trapped inside.
335
00:30:37,160 --> 00:30:41,440
An Allied radio broadcast
has been intercepted.
336
00:30:51,880 --> 00:30:54,920
Hitler and Goebbels are together
when Hitler's press secretary
337
00:30:54,920 --> 00:30:58,680
comes in and lets them know that
the Allied press has published
338
00:30:58,680 --> 00:31:03,480
attempts by Himmler to make peace
with England and the United States.
339
00:31:07,600 --> 00:31:10,200
Himmler had been the truest
of the true.
340
00:31:10,200 --> 00:31:12,840
Hitler used to call him
"Treu Himmler" -
341
00:31:12,840 --> 00:31:15,280
"Faithful Himmler".
342
00:31:15,280 --> 00:31:18,960
Now, Goebbels and Hitler
are outraged.
343
00:31:18,960 --> 00:31:23,600
They see any attempt at peace
whatsoever as a betrayal.
344
00:31:31,520 --> 00:31:36,760
Hitler goes incandescent
in another outburst of rage.
345
00:31:36,760 --> 00:31:40,160
This is a cause of absolute despair
for Hitler.
346
00:31:45,600 --> 00:31:53,360
Hitler finds this the last, final,
worst betrayal of all.
347
00:31:53,360 --> 00:31:57,160
Faithful Heinrich has become
Faithless Heinrich.
348
00:32:01,480 --> 00:32:06,480
"It is the greatest betrayal
in history," he says.
349
00:32:06,480 --> 00:32:12,320
Stunned, Hitler takes out his fury
on one of Himmler's subordinates,
350
00:32:12,320 --> 00:32:16,960
Hermann Fegelein, who he suspects
to be part of Himmler's plot.
351
00:32:19,600 --> 00:32:22,400
Fegelein was close to Hitler
352
00:32:22,400 --> 00:32:27,720
because he was married to
Eva Braun's sister, Gretl.
353
00:32:27,720 --> 00:32:32,560
But Fegelein was also, of course,
close to Himmler.
354
00:32:36,320 --> 00:32:40,560
Astonishingly, he ordered Fegelein
to be shot.
355
00:32:42,480 --> 00:32:43,600
GUN COCKS
356
00:32:44,880 --> 00:32:47,080
GUNSHOT
357
00:32:48,480 --> 00:32:53,640
Not content with Fegelein's death
and fuelled by paranoia,
358
00:32:53,640 --> 00:32:57,000
Hitler orders the unthinkable -
359
00:32:57,000 --> 00:32:59,600
the execution of Himmler himself.
360
00:33:02,080 --> 00:33:07,080
But Himmler is more than 100 miles
away from the Fuhrer bunker,
361
00:33:07,080 --> 00:33:09,120
near Germany's Baltic coast.
362
00:33:10,680 --> 00:33:16,280
Himmler is completely shocked that
Hitler, his erstwhile patron,
363
00:33:16,280 --> 00:33:21,280
staunchest supporter, is now
ordering the execution of Himmler.
364
00:33:21,280 --> 00:33:26,200
This is something which comes as
totally unexpected news.
365
00:33:26,200 --> 00:33:28,520
He has lost almost everything.
366
00:33:30,840 --> 00:33:33,640
He is absolutely shattered.
367
00:33:37,600 --> 00:33:41,080
Hitler and Himmler have stood
side by side in the Nazi Party
368
00:33:41,080 --> 00:33:42,680
for over 20 years.
369
00:33:44,360 --> 00:33:47,480
With the news that the Allies
will not even consider negotiating
370
00:33:47,480 --> 00:33:52,480
with Himmler, he realises he's
betrayed his Fuhrer for nothing.
371
00:33:54,320 --> 00:34:00,480
The ties between Himmler and Hitler
are now cut for good.
372
00:34:14,320 --> 00:34:17,200
With his inner circle in disarray,
373
00:34:17,200 --> 00:34:20,600
Hitler makes time for one last
grand gesture.
374
00:34:22,960 --> 00:34:26,720
After keeping her in the shadows
for 15 years,
375
00:34:26,720 --> 00:34:31,040
Hitler is finally ready to
acknowledge his girlfriend,
376
00:34:31,040 --> 00:34:32,360
Eva Braun.
377
00:34:37,720 --> 00:34:42,520
When Eva Braun went to stay with him
in Berlin in the last days,
378
00:34:42,520 --> 00:34:47,360
resisting all attempts to persuade
her to leave and go into hiding...
379
00:34:50,200 --> 00:34:54,320
..he was, I think, grateful,
perhaps rather touched.
380
00:34:57,040 --> 00:35:02,080
He decided now was the time
to give her a public thanks
381
00:35:02,080 --> 00:35:06,320
for her loyalty and devotion
by marrying her.
382
00:35:06,320 --> 00:35:10,400
It's hard to accept, but Hitler
did have ordinary human emotions.
383
00:35:10,400 --> 00:35:12,320
He was capable of love.
384
00:35:12,320 --> 00:35:14,360
He does seem to have loved
Eva Braun.
385
00:35:14,360 --> 00:35:16,600
Oboe Concerto No 2 in D minor
by Albinoni
386
00:35:35,360 --> 00:35:39,680
When Eve signs her name,
she begins writing "Braun",
387
00:35:39,680 --> 00:35:42,480
before correcting it to
"Eva Hitler, nee Braun".
388
00:35:45,120 --> 00:35:46,920
This is all Eva's ever wanted.
389
00:35:46,920 --> 00:35:49,360
And she's really pleased
to become Frau Hitler.
390
00:35:50,640 --> 00:35:53,960
She's got her eye
on the history books.
391
00:35:53,960 --> 00:35:56,600
Finally, she'll be recognised
as belonging to the heart
392
00:35:56,600 --> 00:35:58,000
of the Third Reich.
393
00:36:01,800 --> 00:36:05,960
Eva Braun had imagined a wedding
on a grand scale -
394
00:36:05,960 --> 00:36:07,120
a royal wedding...
395
00:36:10,280 --> 00:36:13,760
..a celebration,
a couple of days of partying...
396
00:36:14,800 --> 00:36:18,320
..cameras filming everything,
flowers and meadows.
397
00:36:20,720 --> 00:36:24,200
What she gets is a plate
of cold sandwiches
398
00:36:24,200 --> 00:36:27,280
in a hole 25 foot beneath
the ground.
399
00:36:27,280 --> 00:36:32,040
This is a grim event,
but she's facing a grim reality.
400
00:36:41,000 --> 00:36:43,280
The nuptials are short-lived.
401
00:36:44,600 --> 00:36:49,160
Hitler leaves the celebrations
to dictate to one of his secretaries
402
00:36:49,160 --> 00:36:52,000
his last public statement as Fuhrer.
403
00:36:53,160 --> 00:36:56,360
Hitler's testimony's
a very depressing document.
404
00:36:56,360 --> 00:37:02,000
It's full of the settling of
old scores, of revenge, hatred,
405
00:37:02,000 --> 00:37:05,560
as well as expressions of loyalty
to the people who've
406
00:37:05,560 --> 00:37:07,960
unquestionably followed him.
407
00:37:09,720 --> 00:37:14,040
He also has diatribes full of hatred
for people who have betrayed him.
408
00:37:14,040 --> 00:37:20,160
And then at the end, he has another
anti-Semitic rant against the Jews.
409
00:37:21,800 --> 00:37:28,160
He accuses them of having plotted
the destruction of Germany.
410
00:37:28,160 --> 00:37:30,120
Complete paranoid fantasy.
411
00:37:32,200 --> 00:37:33,520
And then he says,
412
00:37:33,520 --> 00:37:37,640
"And the Jewish people have had to
suffer the same fate."
413
00:37:40,800 --> 00:37:43,000
And that is a confession
that he has ordered
414
00:37:43,000 --> 00:37:45,880
and had carried out the Holocaust,
415
00:37:45,880 --> 00:37:48,800
the mass murder of
nearly six million Jews.
416
00:37:48,800 --> 00:37:50,960
Symphony of Sorrowful Songs
by Gorecki
417
00:38:17,720 --> 00:38:20,520
ARTILLERY FIRE
418
00:38:33,720 --> 00:38:36,360
With the Russians almost
at Hitler's door...
419
00:38:37,960 --> 00:38:41,840
..staff in the bunker receive
dramatic news from Italy.
420
00:38:44,400 --> 00:38:48,840
Hitler's ally,
dictator Benito Mussolini,
421
00:38:48,840 --> 00:38:53,600
and his mistress have been killed by
communist partisans...
422
00:38:54,680 --> 00:38:58,360
..their mutilated bodies
publicly strung up
423
00:38:58,360 --> 00:39:00,680
outside a petrol station...
424
00:39:01,800 --> 00:39:02,840
..near Milan.
425
00:39:06,840 --> 00:39:09,440
Hitler's not a man who fears death.
426
00:39:09,440 --> 00:39:14,680
What he did fear was to be captured,
taken prisoner, humiliated,
427
00:39:14,680 --> 00:39:20,400
put on trial, subjected to the
mockery and contempt of the world.
428
00:39:22,920 --> 00:39:25,960
Hitler gets the news of
Mussolini's death.
429
00:39:25,960 --> 00:39:28,000
This is the last straw.
430
00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:31,600
He says he's not going to suffer
the same fate.
431
00:39:31,600 --> 00:39:35,120
He is going to die, as far as
he can, a dignified death.
432
00:39:35,120 --> 00:39:39,520
And he wants his body and that of
Eva Hitler - as she now is -
433
00:39:39,520 --> 00:39:43,160
to be burned until
they are unrecognisable,
434
00:39:43,160 --> 00:39:47,960
so there's nothing left of them
to mock or defile.
435
00:39:58,880 --> 00:40:03,840
Hitler assembles his staff
in the bunker on the 30th of April
436
00:40:03,840 --> 00:40:06,600
and says formally goodbye to them,
437
00:40:06,600 --> 00:40:09,520
shaking their hands and
thanking them for their service.
438
00:40:11,640 --> 00:40:17,600
Finally, he has reached a point
where he knows it's total defeat.
439
00:40:17,600 --> 00:40:20,360
In a sense, that makes him
rather calm.
440
00:40:22,240 --> 00:40:23,680
The decision has been made.
441
00:40:23,680 --> 00:40:26,760
There's no more hope of
turning the tide,
442
00:40:26,760 --> 00:40:28,880
there's no more hope of a victory,
443
00:40:28,880 --> 00:40:32,080
and so he knows he's going to
shoot himself.
444
00:40:38,600 --> 00:40:41,720
And so he's reconciled
himself to his fate.
445
00:41:23,080 --> 00:41:25,120
GUNSHOT
446
00:41:55,200 --> 00:41:58,960
The proclamation that Hitler
had died a hero's death,
447
00:41:58,960 --> 00:42:02,880
fighting at the head of his troops,
was, of course, a complete lie.
448
00:42:02,880 --> 00:42:06,400
He died a squalid death
in the bunker by shooting himself
449
00:42:06,400 --> 00:42:08,280
and poisoning his partner.
450
00:42:09,440 --> 00:42:10,840
When Hitler dies,
451
00:42:10,840 --> 00:42:14,760
for many Germans, the world is over.
452
00:42:14,760 --> 00:42:16,720
It too dies.
453
00:42:20,360 --> 00:42:24,160
He had loomed so enormously large
in the consciousness of the Germans
454
00:42:24,160 --> 00:42:28,080
under the Third Reich that there was
an enormous wave of suicides
455
00:42:28,080 --> 00:42:33,600
in Nazi Germany, one of the largest
mass deaths in history.
456
00:42:33,600 --> 00:42:35,920
GUNSHOT
457
00:42:38,720 --> 00:42:41,280
The defeat was total.
458
00:42:41,280 --> 00:42:43,240
Germany was occupied.
459
00:42:44,440 --> 00:42:48,880
There was no obvious reason
to carry on fighting.
460
00:42:48,880 --> 00:42:50,760
GUNFIRE
461
00:43:03,400 --> 00:43:05,920
The Fuhrer may be dead,
462
00:43:05,920 --> 00:43:09,640
but he's left a crucial set of
orders to be carried out.
463
00:43:11,920 --> 00:43:14,600
Hitler's private secretary
sends a message
464
00:43:14,600 --> 00:43:16,960
disclosing news of his successor.
465
00:43:23,440 --> 00:43:28,640
In his final testament, Hitler
has made a surprise appointment.
466
00:43:28,640 --> 00:43:32,360
Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz
will be Reich president.
467
00:43:35,600 --> 00:43:39,680
Doenitz may be an outside choice
for Supreme Commander,
468
00:43:39,680 --> 00:43:41,640
but he is a committed Nazi.
469
00:43:43,440 --> 00:43:49,200
The Navy, in complete contrast
to the Army,
470
00:43:49,200 --> 00:43:53,440
had been faithful to Hitler
all the way through.
471
00:43:53,440 --> 00:43:57,120
And Hitler, I think, felt that
Doenitz, as the head of the Navy,
472
00:43:57,120 --> 00:44:02,240
represented the one institution
in Germany that he had trusted,
473
00:44:02,240 --> 00:44:06,200
that remained loyal to him
all the way through.
474
00:44:09,760 --> 00:44:12,400
Doenitz summons
the disgraced Himmler
475
00:44:12,400 --> 00:44:15,800
to his temporary headquarters
in northern Germany.
476
00:44:21,840 --> 00:44:26,320
Himmler sees this invitation as
a chance to salvage his reputation
477
00:44:26,320 --> 00:44:28,000
among the Nazi elite.
478
00:44:32,800 --> 00:44:38,600
Himmler now feels completely
liberated of any loyalties,
479
00:44:38,600 --> 00:44:44,280
of any ties, of any obligations
to Hitler,
480
00:44:44,280 --> 00:44:47,680
so Himmler can now do
whatever he likes.
481
00:44:53,000 --> 00:44:56,960
Himmler still commands the SS
and the police.
482
00:44:56,960 --> 00:45:00,520
Himmler still has a considerable
amount of power.
483
00:45:03,000 --> 00:45:06,920
He is so deluded that he thinks
he will play a major role
484
00:45:06,920 --> 00:45:08,960
in a post-Hitler government.
485
00:45:18,200 --> 00:45:20,880
Himmler appears with armed guards
in Doenitz's office
486
00:45:20,880 --> 00:45:23,680
because he wants to remind Doenitz
487
00:45:23,680 --> 00:45:27,600
that the SS and Himmler
are still extremely powerful,
488
00:45:27,600 --> 00:45:31,400
that they are still forces
to be reckoned with.
489
00:45:41,400 --> 00:45:44,160
Fearing a violent confrontation,
490
00:45:44,160 --> 00:45:48,440
Doenitz has concealed a gun
with the safety catch removed
491
00:45:48,440 --> 00:45:50,480
under papers on his desk.
492
00:45:51,960 --> 00:45:56,320
Doenitz knows that Himmler has been
expelled from the Nazi Party
493
00:45:56,320 --> 00:46:00,080
and that Himmler is a traitor
in Hitler's eyes.
494
00:46:01,880 --> 00:46:05,280
The atmosphere is extremely tense.
495
00:46:05,280 --> 00:46:10,960
Himmler still thinks that he is
far more powerful than Doenitz,
496
00:46:10,960 --> 00:46:13,440
who is, after all,
only a Grand Admiral,
497
00:46:13,440 --> 00:46:15,840
the leader of the German Navy.
498
00:46:17,840 --> 00:46:22,160
Doenitz hands Himmler a copy of
Hitler's final order,
499
00:46:22,160 --> 00:46:27,200
identifying the Admiral,
not Himmler, as his successor.
500
00:46:30,000 --> 00:46:32,480
After 22 years a member,
501
00:46:32,480 --> 00:46:37,480
Himmler is unceremoniously dismissed
from the Nazi Party.
502
00:46:38,760 --> 00:46:43,240
Himmler has always suppressed
his own feelings.
503
00:46:43,240 --> 00:46:46,040
He's never shown any emotion
in public.
504
00:46:47,120 --> 00:46:53,480
But now, after his fall from power,
he must be feeling a total failure.
505
00:46:57,480 --> 00:47:02,120
Himmler offers his services
as a second-in-command,
506
00:47:02,120 --> 00:47:03,920
but Doenitz refuses.
507
00:47:11,400 --> 00:47:14,880
Himmler has always been very sure
of himself.
508
00:47:14,880 --> 00:47:17,280
He's always known his identity.
509
00:47:17,280 --> 00:47:19,600
He's always known the purpose
of his life.
510
00:47:21,520 --> 00:47:22,960
But now he doesn't.
511
00:47:22,960 --> 00:47:24,600
What is his plan B?
512
00:47:24,600 --> 00:47:26,640
What is he going to do next?
513
00:47:28,280 --> 00:47:32,600
One thing he knows is that
he wants to save his own neck.
514
00:47:40,640 --> 00:47:44,320
Speer, keen to keep himself
at the heart of power,
515
00:47:44,320 --> 00:47:46,480
also meets with Doenitz.
516
00:47:55,320 --> 00:47:59,960
He, too, is shunned
and gets no official position.
517
00:48:02,800 --> 00:48:05,320
For a once close friend of Hitler...
518
00:48:06,920 --> 00:48:09,080
..it's a personal humiliation.
519
00:48:22,120 --> 00:48:26,000
But Speer soon senses an opportunity
in this rejection...
520
00:48:27,320 --> 00:48:32,120
..a chance to distance himself from
the excesses of the Nazi regime.
521
00:48:40,320 --> 00:48:44,920
It's, for him, part of
his exit strategy.
522
00:48:47,920 --> 00:48:53,040
Speer claims that he is
just a civilian,
523
00:48:53,040 --> 00:48:55,520
he is a bystander,
524
00:48:57,400 --> 00:49:03,440
he has nothing to do with
all these atrocities, with crimes.
525
00:49:06,840 --> 00:49:12,120
This is important for Speer
to create a new image
526
00:49:12,120 --> 00:49:14,800
as the innocent man.
527
00:49:36,960 --> 00:49:40,560
With their hero dead
at his own hand,
528
00:49:40,560 --> 00:49:46,000
Joseph Goebbels and his wife Magda
now face an appalling choice.
529
00:49:50,160 --> 00:49:52,800
They are locked into
a terrible struggle.
530
00:49:52,800 --> 00:49:55,160
They have decided to stay there
until the end
531
00:49:55,160 --> 00:49:57,680
and share Hitler's fate,
532
00:49:57,680 --> 00:50:01,360
and so they discuss what to do
with their children.
533
00:50:05,080 --> 00:50:11,920
The Goebbels are so fervently Nazi,
so ideologically committed,
534
00:50:11,920 --> 00:50:14,680
there is nothing for them
to live for.
535
00:50:16,040 --> 00:50:19,320
A world without Nazism was not
a world for their own children.
536
00:50:22,200 --> 00:50:27,560
Goebbels, the mastermind of
Nazi indoctrination,
537
00:50:27,560 --> 00:50:30,400
is the one member of
Hitler's inner circle
538
00:50:30,400 --> 00:50:33,720
who most fervently swallows
his own propaganda.
539
00:50:35,680 --> 00:50:39,040
Magda writes, "The world
which will succeed the Fuhrer
540
00:50:39,040 --> 00:50:42,360
"and National Socialism
is not worth living in.
541
00:50:43,600 --> 00:50:46,640
"And for this reason, I have brought
the children here too.
542
00:50:49,440 --> 00:50:53,480
"They are too good for the life
that will come after us,
543
00:50:53,480 --> 00:50:55,440
"and a gracious God will understand
544
00:50:55,440 --> 00:50:57,880
"if I myself give them release
from it."
545
00:51:05,480 --> 00:51:09,040
The Goebbels' children are sedated,
546
00:51:09,040 --> 00:51:12,920
before cyanide capsules
are crushed into their mouths.
547
00:51:14,600 --> 00:51:17,200
Their parents then shoot themselves.
548
00:51:19,080 --> 00:51:23,040
Magda didn't kill her children
because she was a monster.
549
00:51:23,040 --> 00:51:26,840
Magda was a person that had been
radicalised by these ideas,
550
00:51:26,840 --> 00:51:31,320
radicalised to such an extent that
she did the most unnatural thing
551
00:51:31,320 --> 00:51:33,800
a mother could do
and killed her own children.
552
00:51:47,280 --> 00:51:53,040
On the 7th of May 1945,
a representative of the German Army
553
00:51:53,040 --> 00:51:56,400
signs Germany's
unconditional surrender.
554
00:51:58,160 --> 00:52:03,720
After six years of conflict,
the war in Europe is over,
555
00:52:03,720 --> 00:52:06,240
Nazism defeated.
556
00:52:08,480 --> 00:52:10,800
HITLER SHOUTS IN GERMAN
557
00:52:15,600 --> 00:52:21,680
When Hitler rose to power in 1933,
Germany was a liberal democracy.
558
00:52:23,000 --> 00:52:26,360
Then he and his fanatical deputies
stripped the German people
559
00:52:26,360 --> 00:52:31,520
of their basic freedoms to establish
a ruthless dictatorship.
560
00:52:33,000 --> 00:52:38,520
Fuelled by hatred and a flawed
belief in racial superiority,
561
00:52:38,520 --> 00:52:44,080
Hitler instigated a global war
that cost 60 million lives.
562
00:52:45,920 --> 00:52:49,680
But as his dream of
an Aryan empire collapsed,
563
00:52:49,680 --> 00:52:52,520
he turned his anger
on his own people...
564
00:52:54,920 --> 00:52:57,360
..and finally himself.
565
00:53:00,200 --> 00:53:08,120
The Third Reich shows us
how dangerous ideas are.
566
00:53:11,240 --> 00:53:15,080
Where Hitler and the Nazis
are different
567
00:53:15,080 --> 00:53:19,400
is that they wanted to ultimately
conquer the whole world.
568
00:53:19,400 --> 00:53:21,920
Their ambitions were without limit.
569
00:53:26,280 --> 00:53:28,080
Nazis, like all nationalists,
570
00:53:28,080 --> 00:53:30,640
do not believe that there's
such a thing as humanity.
571
00:53:30,640 --> 00:53:34,600
For them, we're different species
locked in a struggle for survival.
572
00:53:39,160 --> 00:53:43,720
Underlying that is a total contempt
for human life.
573
00:53:51,160 --> 00:53:54,720
Even though Europe is now at peace,
574
00:53:54,720 --> 00:53:58,800
for some Nazis,
the story is far from over.
575
00:54:00,720 --> 00:54:04,320
Goering makes no effort to run away
at the end of the war -
576
00:54:04,320 --> 00:54:05,920
in fact, the opposite, really.
577
00:54:07,000 --> 00:54:10,120
Goering gives himself up
to the American Army.
578
00:54:11,320 --> 00:54:14,240
And I think he does so
because he still has this idea
579
00:54:14,240 --> 00:54:17,760
that he'll be treated
as a senior figure now,
580
00:54:17,760 --> 00:54:21,520
perhaps the most important
senior figure, after Hitler's death.
581
00:54:21,520 --> 00:54:24,800
And so Goering hopes he'll be taken
to Eisenhower
582
00:54:24,800 --> 00:54:27,880
and be able to talk to him
as one senior officer
583
00:54:27,880 --> 00:54:29,760
to another senior officer.
584
00:54:30,760 --> 00:54:34,360
Goering has no idea that, instead,
585
00:54:34,360 --> 00:54:38,760
he faces trial for
crimes against humanity.
586
00:54:38,760 --> 00:54:43,320
What Goering doesn't really expect
is that he will end up
587
00:54:43,320 --> 00:54:47,600
in a prison cell along with
other major war criminals.
588
00:54:50,880 --> 00:54:52,080
It's so bizarre.
589
00:54:54,120 --> 00:54:57,080
I think he has no sense that
he is one of them.
590
00:55:06,000 --> 00:55:08,360
While Goering is behind bars...
591
00:55:09,800 --> 00:55:14,160
..Himmler is on the run.
592
00:55:14,160 --> 00:55:18,640
Himmler's main priority now
is to get as far away
593
00:55:18,640 --> 00:55:23,320
from the advancing Soviet troops
as quickly as he can.
594
00:55:25,000 --> 00:55:27,320
He has really fallen from power.
595
00:55:28,920 --> 00:55:34,800
But there is no evidence whatsoever
that Himmler is feeling any remorse.
596
00:55:34,800 --> 00:55:38,200
He is completely unrepentant.
597
00:55:38,200 --> 00:55:41,160
Himmler is carrying a fake ID,
598
00:55:41,160 --> 00:55:44,320
pretending to be just
an ordinary soldier.
599
00:55:45,480 --> 00:55:48,240
But his forgery is
quickly discovered.
600
00:55:50,320 --> 00:55:52,200
Himmler is acutely aware of the fact
601
00:55:52,200 --> 00:55:54,440
that he's one of Europe's
most wanted men.
602
00:55:54,440 --> 00:55:57,640
He knows that he will be
put on trial and that
603
00:55:57,640 --> 00:56:01,320
he will be, in all likelihood,
sentenced to death.
604
00:56:03,400 --> 00:56:05,440
As Himmler is searched,
605
00:56:05,440 --> 00:56:09,920
he bites down on a cyanide capsule
he's concealed in his mouth.
606
00:56:11,600 --> 00:56:14,000
The architect of the Holocaust
607
00:56:14,000 --> 00:56:18,280
and the man responsible for
the deaths of millions of people
608
00:56:18,280 --> 00:56:19,320
is dead.
609
00:56:23,400 --> 00:56:28,880
His death by suicide is
a rather pathetic, cowardly act.
610
00:56:34,840 --> 00:56:37,400
At the same time,
Allied forces arrive
611
00:56:37,400 --> 00:56:41,120
at Admiral Doenitz's headquarters
in northern Germany.
612
00:56:43,280 --> 00:56:46,320
Any hopes the remaining Nazis have
of playing a role
613
00:56:46,320 --> 00:56:51,840
in Germany's post-war government
are dispelled when they're arrested.
614
00:56:55,800 --> 00:56:58,160
Speer is very clever.
615
00:56:58,160 --> 00:57:03,840
He knows that pictures
are very powerful.
616
00:57:06,120 --> 00:57:10,880
On the day of the arrest,
he shows up in civilian clothes,
617
00:57:10,880 --> 00:57:12,200
in a trench coat.
618
00:57:13,280 --> 00:57:16,960
All others wear uniforms.
619
00:57:16,960 --> 00:57:18,560
He shows with this,
620
00:57:18,560 --> 00:57:23,760
"I'm a civilian and I don't belong
to this group.
621
00:57:23,760 --> 00:57:25,400
"I'm different."
622
00:57:37,800 --> 00:57:41,400
He lies. He has to lie.
623
00:57:41,400 --> 00:57:48,920
Even other members of Hitler's inner
circle don't lie like Speer lies.
624
00:57:53,840 --> 00:57:59,640
Now, the world must seek retribution
and Germany must deal with its role
625
00:57:59,640 --> 00:58:02,560
in one of the deadliest episodes
in human history.
626
00:58:07,320 --> 00:58:11,200
As dozens of Nazis are rounded up
and put on trial...
627
00:58:12,800 --> 00:58:18,320
..tens of thousands more are on
the run or hiding in plain sight...
628
00:58:20,280 --> 00:58:23,400
..as they begin to process
what they've done....
629
00:58:24,560 --> 00:58:26,440
..in the name of the Fuhrer.
53233
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