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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:12,520 --> 00:00:17,560 By this stage, almost every building in Berlin has been flattened, 2 00:00:17,560 --> 00:00:21,920 but there's still a partially intact concert hall. 3 00:00:23,880 --> 00:00:27,440 And in this concert hall, the Nazis organise a final concert 4 00:00:27,440 --> 00:00:29,400 by the Berlin Philharmonic. 5 00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:32,680 APPLAUSE 6 00:00:32,680 --> 00:00:35,960 The concert features Wagner's Gotterdammerung, 7 00:00:35,960 --> 00:00:39,800 in which the gods of Valhalla are consumed in flames. 8 00:00:46,640 --> 00:00:50,400 Gotterdammerung by Richard Wagner 9 00:00:55,280 --> 00:00:59,480 The last scene features a suicide at its centre. 10 00:01:04,640 --> 00:01:08,200 There's a clear implication here that Germany, Hitler, 11 00:01:08,200 --> 00:01:10,080 and as many people as possible... 12 00:01:11,760 --> 00:01:13,960 ..are going to end it all. 13 00:01:38,200 --> 00:01:41,400 APPLAUSE 14 00:01:47,120 --> 00:01:48,960 It's an extraordinary event. 15 00:01:48,960 --> 00:01:53,760 And at the end of the concert, as the audience streams out, 16 00:01:53,760 --> 00:01:57,960 there are Hitler Youth handing out cyanide capsules. 17 00:02:00,120 --> 00:02:05,040 It's an invitation to the audience to bring everything to an end, 18 00:02:05,040 --> 00:02:07,520 to kill themselves as well. 19 00:02:29,800 --> 00:02:34,040 This is the story of the collapse of the Third Reich 20 00:02:34,040 --> 00:02:37,960 as the Allied troops close in on Germany. 21 00:02:39,520 --> 00:02:43,480 Our interest is the psychology of that collapse, 22 00:02:43,480 --> 00:02:47,800 as those at the heart of the regime cling to power. 23 00:02:47,800 --> 00:02:53,720 It's the worst in human nature you see during the collapse 24 00:02:53,720 --> 00:02:55,240 of the Third Reich. 25 00:02:56,240 --> 00:03:00,960 To help us tell the story, we've asked historians and experts 26 00:03:00,960 --> 00:03:05,960 to take us inside the minds of each one of the key protagonists 27 00:03:05,960 --> 00:03:09,040 as they are forced to confront failure. 28 00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:16,680 The cycle of thinking at that time wouldn't allow anyone to think 29 00:03:16,680 --> 00:03:19,560 that what's happening is wrong. 30 00:03:19,560 --> 00:03:23,000 Being picked up, shot, disappeared. 31 00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:27,280 They are walking into an apocalypse on purpose. 32 00:03:28,680 --> 00:03:31,720 Ultimately, who will stay loyal to Hitler? 33 00:03:31,720 --> 00:03:35,680 MUSIC CRESCENDOS 34 00:03:37,120 --> 00:03:38,840 And who will betray him... 35 00:03:39,880 --> 00:03:41,120 ..and when? 36 00:03:58,120 --> 00:04:02,240 When Adolf Hitler sweeps to power in the 1930s, 37 00:04:02,240 --> 00:04:06,800 he promises the German people a thousand-year Reich, 38 00:04:06,800 --> 00:04:10,080 a thousand years of undisputed glory. 39 00:04:14,040 --> 00:04:17,560 Seduced by this vision of global domination, 40 00:04:17,560 --> 00:04:21,840 Hitler's millions of followers think he's invincible. 41 00:04:28,800 --> 00:04:32,160 Now, at the end of April 1945, 42 00:04:32,160 --> 00:04:36,840 the war Hitler started has come back to haunt him. 43 00:04:36,840 --> 00:04:40,640 Germany is on the brink of total defeat, 44 00:04:40,640 --> 00:04:45,320 and the all-powerful Fuhrer is living in an underground bunker. 45 00:04:46,840 --> 00:04:51,720 Most of Germany is occupied by invading Allied forces, 46 00:04:51,720 --> 00:04:54,800 and a two-million-strong Soviet army 47 00:04:54,800 --> 00:04:57,960 is just a mile from Hitler's hiding place. 48 00:05:06,560 --> 00:05:09,680 With the Red Army now inside Berlin, 49 00:05:09,680 --> 00:05:12,440 even Hitler's most loyal deputies 50 00:05:12,440 --> 00:05:14,760 have started to turn their backs on him. 51 00:05:17,560 --> 00:05:22,280 Albert Speer, once a close personal friend of Hitler's, 52 00:05:22,280 --> 00:05:26,880 believes the Allies will need him to help rebuild Germany after the war. 53 00:05:28,560 --> 00:05:32,040 Speer is looking for his own future, 54 00:05:32,040 --> 00:05:34,960 his way out of the Third Reich. 55 00:05:39,640 --> 00:05:45,120 He's collecting material for the Allied forces, 56 00:05:45,120 --> 00:05:51,120 to show them that he did everything to stop the war, 57 00:05:51,120 --> 00:05:54,200 to save the lives of people. 58 00:06:00,560 --> 00:06:03,040 He twists the truth. 59 00:06:04,520 --> 00:06:09,080 Speer now tries to appear as Hitler's opponent. 60 00:06:15,400 --> 00:06:20,560 Meanwhile, Hermann Goring, Hitler's notional successor, 61 00:06:20,560 --> 00:06:24,760 is convinced he's the one the Allies will choose to collaborate with. 62 00:06:29,560 --> 00:06:33,840 After all these years of waiting, you think the possibility might now 63 00:06:33,840 --> 00:06:37,040 arrive that I will actually become Hitler's successor. 64 00:06:42,240 --> 00:06:46,520 This is a point to which I've been working for many years. 65 00:06:47,520 --> 00:06:49,320 It's arrived at the wrong time, of course, 66 00:06:49,320 --> 00:06:51,560 but nevertheless there's still a possibility 67 00:06:51,560 --> 00:06:53,600 I can play an important role again. 68 00:06:55,520 --> 00:06:58,760 While he waits to stake his claim as leader, 69 00:06:58,760 --> 00:07:03,840 Goring tries to preserve the wealth and status he's enjoyed for so long. 70 00:07:06,520 --> 00:07:09,920 The artworks, the tapestries, the jewellery, 71 00:07:09,920 --> 00:07:14,760 all the things that he's collected as Hitler's deputy 72 00:07:14,760 --> 00:07:18,640 across the years of the war are all being packed up. 73 00:07:20,680 --> 00:07:23,520 He wants to keep around him the apparatus 74 00:07:23,520 --> 00:07:26,520 that made him the great figure he thinks he is. 75 00:07:33,200 --> 00:07:37,760 Hitler believes Heinrich Himmler is still his most loyal follower. 76 00:07:39,880 --> 00:07:44,200 Himmler knows that his idol is going to die soon. 77 00:07:45,640 --> 00:07:48,600 Himmler must shape his own future now. 78 00:07:50,720 --> 00:07:53,640 What is keeping Himmler going at this stage 79 00:07:53,640 --> 00:07:56,320 is his determination to survive... 80 00:07:57,520 --> 00:08:01,400 ..his determination to maintain his reputation 81 00:08:01,400 --> 00:08:04,480 as one of the most powerful men in Germany. 82 00:08:04,480 --> 00:08:10,160 And he is really keen on crafting a new role for himself 83 00:08:10,160 --> 00:08:12,600 in a post-Hitler Germany. 84 00:08:14,520 --> 00:08:16,640 Behind the Fuhrer's back, 85 00:08:16,640 --> 00:08:21,320 Himmler is secretly making plans for peace with Germany's enemies. 86 00:08:23,680 --> 00:08:28,240 If Hitler discovers Himmler's plan, it could cost him his life. 87 00:08:31,640 --> 00:08:35,280 Song Of The Plains by Boris Alexandrov 88 00:08:40,800 --> 00:08:45,000 The Soviets are now taking Berlin street by street, 89 00:08:45,000 --> 00:08:46,280 hour by hour. 90 00:08:48,400 --> 00:08:51,240 Brutalising the German people as they go. 91 00:08:52,840 --> 00:08:56,440 Heading to Hitler's bunker from all directions. 92 00:08:58,600 --> 00:09:02,080 DISTANT EXPLOSIONS 93 00:09:10,200 --> 00:09:14,400 On 27th of April, Hitler decides he wants to go upstairs, 94 00:09:14,400 --> 00:09:18,800 into the garden, and inspect the ruins of the Reich Chancellery. 95 00:09:22,880 --> 00:09:27,800 He gets his valet, Anslinger, to lead him up to the door 96 00:09:27,800 --> 00:09:29,640 that opens out onto the garden. 97 00:09:32,560 --> 00:09:34,360 EXPLOSION 98 00:09:34,360 --> 00:09:38,680 But just at that moment, a Russian shell lands in the garden. 99 00:09:40,160 --> 00:09:42,880 It's clearly far too dangerous to go. 100 00:09:44,560 --> 00:09:47,360 The Russians are now surrounding the chancellery area 101 00:09:47,360 --> 00:09:52,840 and bombarding it very heavily, and so they have to go back downstairs. 102 00:09:55,160 --> 00:09:58,280 DISTANT EXPLOSIONS 103 00:09:58,280 --> 00:10:02,560 By this time, he's realised that the end is approaching. 104 00:10:07,280 --> 00:10:09,400 Hitler knows he is now trapped. 105 00:10:13,960 --> 00:10:17,040 With the Nazi regime disintegrating, 106 00:10:17,040 --> 00:10:20,400 only his most die-hard loyalists stay by his side. 107 00:10:22,720 --> 00:10:28,160 Propaganda Chief Joseph Goebbels is one of the last true believers. 108 00:10:33,320 --> 00:10:36,480 Goebbels understands that the war is lost. 109 00:10:38,840 --> 00:10:41,760 But he still urges the German people 110 00:10:41,760 --> 00:10:45,200 to fight to their utmost, to fight to the bitter end. 111 00:10:46,760 --> 00:10:49,400 This is not because they expect victory any more, 112 00:10:49,400 --> 00:10:54,000 but rather they are walking into an apocalypse. 113 00:10:55,000 --> 00:10:58,120 They want to make a historical last stand, 114 00:10:58,120 --> 00:11:02,640 they want to go down in flames and take Europe down with them. 115 00:11:02,640 --> 00:11:05,240 Nazi ideology is based on the belief, 116 00:11:05,240 --> 00:11:08,960 in a Darwinian struggle between races, 117 00:11:08,960 --> 00:11:11,760 only the strongest can survive. 118 00:11:11,760 --> 00:11:14,800 Now the Germans are losing the war, 119 00:11:14,800 --> 00:11:20,040 Hitler and Goebbels turn this racist ideology against their own people. 120 00:11:21,200 --> 00:11:24,800 Hitler and Goebbels had come to believe their own propaganda 121 00:11:24,800 --> 00:11:27,240 about racial struggles for survival, 122 00:11:27,240 --> 00:11:29,480 and that if German people did not win, 123 00:11:29,480 --> 00:11:31,280 they did not deserve to survive. 124 00:11:32,880 --> 00:11:35,320 They did not care for the lives of German people 125 00:11:35,320 --> 00:11:37,000 if they were not victorious. 126 00:11:41,720 --> 00:11:44,880 Goebbels is so indoctrinated by Nazism, 127 00:11:44,880 --> 00:11:46,920 he makes a shocking choice. 128 00:11:49,480 --> 00:11:52,320 The Goebbels' decision to take their children with them 129 00:11:52,320 --> 00:11:55,160 in the Hitler bunker seems crazy. 130 00:11:56,720 --> 00:11:59,880 But in their own logic, it made a lot of sense. 131 00:11:59,880 --> 00:12:02,760 Goebbels was not going to leave the side of the Fuhrer. 132 00:12:04,600 --> 00:12:06,720 Magda declared very openly, 133 00:12:06,720 --> 00:12:09,680 "I belong to my husband, and my children belong to me." 134 00:12:12,240 --> 00:12:14,880 Obedient as she is, 135 00:12:14,880 --> 00:12:18,080 there is far more to Magda than a doting wife. 136 00:12:19,920 --> 00:12:22,400 Magda is a very committed Nazi. 137 00:12:23,840 --> 00:12:26,760 All of the Goebbels' children have names beginning with H 138 00:12:26,760 --> 00:12:28,440 in a tribute to Hitler. 139 00:12:32,560 --> 00:12:35,680 Hitler outright believes that she is the model 140 00:12:35,680 --> 00:12:39,920 of the perfect Aryan woman that represents the purity, 141 00:12:39,920 --> 00:12:45,520 the dedication, the devotion and the ideological radicalism of Nazism. 142 00:12:49,560 --> 00:12:52,120 She has been printed in every magazine. 143 00:12:58,720 --> 00:13:00,760 Every German would have known her face 144 00:13:00,760 --> 00:13:03,240 because she is the ideal Nazi matron. 145 00:13:16,560 --> 00:13:20,920 Goebbels hopes his family's show of loyalty 146 00:13:20,920 --> 00:13:22,840 will boost Hitler's morale. 147 00:13:23,880 --> 00:13:29,120 But in reality, Germany's military position is hopeless. 148 00:13:36,600 --> 00:13:40,000 Things are so desperate in April 1945 149 00:13:40,000 --> 00:13:45,120 that Hitler issues a proclamation that everybody should fight. 150 00:13:46,200 --> 00:13:49,440 People shouldn't do deals with the Allies, 151 00:13:49,440 --> 00:13:51,640 they shouldn't raise white flags, 152 00:13:51,640 --> 00:13:54,360 men, women and children should resist until the last. 153 00:13:57,520 --> 00:14:03,240 This is an invitation to die in the interests of a future Germany, 154 00:14:03,240 --> 00:14:04,640 as Hitler saw it. 155 00:14:06,680 --> 00:14:09,920 Hitler believes that the most shameful thing in German history 156 00:14:09,920 --> 00:14:14,320 has been the surrender, the capitulation of 1918, 157 00:14:14,320 --> 00:14:15,680 at the end of World War I. 158 00:14:18,160 --> 00:14:20,600 This time, there will be no surrender. 159 00:14:31,000 --> 00:14:35,160 While Hitler demands self-sacrifice from his bunker in Berlin... 160 00:14:36,400 --> 00:14:40,560 ..in southern Germany, American forces are just a few miles 161 00:14:40,560 --> 00:14:43,320 outside the historic town of Ansbach. 162 00:14:48,760 --> 00:14:53,600 19-year-old student Robert Limpert fears many lives 163 00:14:53,600 --> 00:14:57,560 will be needlessly lost by resisting Germany's inevitable defeat. 164 00:14:58,920 --> 00:15:02,640 Robert, this person who wanted to speak out, 165 00:15:02,640 --> 00:15:05,280 he wanted to think freely. 166 00:15:11,080 --> 00:15:15,880 He doesn't want to just follow the orders of the Nazis 167 00:15:15,880 --> 00:15:17,400 without questioning. 168 00:15:19,200 --> 00:15:23,240 The town's commander, Colonel Ernst Meyer, 169 00:15:23,240 --> 00:15:26,480 calls on local people to fight until the last bullet. 170 00:15:28,400 --> 00:15:32,280 Few have the capacity to resist his senseless command. 171 00:15:32,280 --> 00:15:34,920 They either still support the Nazis 172 00:15:34,920 --> 00:15:37,920 or are too exhausted by war to defy him. 173 00:15:42,120 --> 00:15:43,280 It's very strange. 174 00:15:43,280 --> 00:15:46,680 Like, speaking about the Nazis, I feel myself speaking about Isis. 175 00:15:48,880 --> 00:15:51,600 Because it's exactly what they did. 176 00:15:51,600 --> 00:15:54,200 People lose track of what they are. 177 00:15:56,200 --> 00:16:01,120 People forget at one point that they are being oppressed. 178 00:16:05,280 --> 00:16:08,560 While a student at Wurzburg University, 179 00:16:08,560 --> 00:16:12,320 Robert witnessed the devastation of the city by Allied bombers. 180 00:16:13,840 --> 00:16:16,480 Robert saw all that destruction 181 00:16:16,480 --> 00:16:20,160 and thought, "I have a chance to prevent this 182 00:16:20,160 --> 00:16:22,120 "from happening in my town." 183 00:16:24,840 --> 00:16:27,920 He believes in the power of words. 184 00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:30,880 He believes in the power of thoughts. 185 00:16:32,360 --> 00:16:37,600 Now he decides it's time to show the people how ugly this war is. 186 00:16:41,360 --> 00:16:43,880 He began distributing those leaflets. 187 00:16:50,200 --> 00:16:53,160 If caught with his anti-Nazi propaganda, 188 00:16:53,160 --> 00:16:55,160 Robert faces certain death. 189 00:16:57,200 --> 00:17:01,080 But with countless lives at stake, he cannot stand by and do nothing. 190 00:17:02,800 --> 00:17:07,160 Robert has to convince the people of Ansbach not to fight back 191 00:17:07,160 --> 00:17:08,960 when the Americans arrive. 192 00:17:10,800 --> 00:17:15,800 In his last line, he wrote "Death to the Nazi executioners!" 193 00:17:17,080 --> 00:17:20,200 This is the ultimate level of resistance to the Nazis. 194 00:17:29,440 --> 00:17:32,480 His opposition against the system 195 00:17:32,480 --> 00:17:36,160 is putting him at the danger of death, 196 00:17:36,160 --> 00:17:38,280 that he might be killed at any moment. 197 00:17:41,080 --> 00:17:44,920 But he knows deep inside his heart and mind 198 00:17:44,920 --> 00:17:46,960 that this is what should be done. 199 00:18:06,320 --> 00:18:10,280 Hitler is really now cooped up in the bunker. 200 00:18:10,280 --> 00:18:13,560 The situation is getting desperate. 201 00:18:13,560 --> 00:18:16,840 The Red Army is going to be there within hours. 202 00:18:22,680 --> 00:18:26,440 In this atmosphere, discipline begins to fall apart. 203 00:18:30,680 --> 00:18:33,560 People start smoking in Hitler's presence. 204 00:18:33,560 --> 00:18:37,560 They started drinking, which he also didn't like, as a teetotaller. 205 00:18:39,840 --> 00:18:41,760 People started disrespecting him. 206 00:18:43,600 --> 00:18:48,240 They didn't stand up when he entered a room, didn't give Nazi salutes. 207 00:18:50,080 --> 00:18:54,120 It's a situation in which Hitler, in some sense, is already dead. 208 00:18:56,120 --> 00:19:00,000 He's already treated as if he's no longer the great leader. 209 00:19:07,400 --> 00:19:11,600 You can smell the fear, the sweat of people. 210 00:19:14,920 --> 00:19:16,200 The toilets are blocked, 211 00:19:16,200 --> 00:19:19,120 and so the stench is spreading throughout the bunker. 212 00:19:21,720 --> 00:19:24,320 There is a sense of impending doom. 213 00:19:28,240 --> 00:19:33,080 This is the moment when his charisma finally breaks and disappears. 214 00:19:35,480 --> 00:19:39,360 In these darkest hours, Hitler relies evermore 215 00:19:39,360 --> 00:19:43,840 on the unconditional support of his girlfriend, Eva Braun. 216 00:19:43,840 --> 00:19:47,200 Piano Concerto No. 5 by Ludwig van Beethoven 217 00:19:52,800 --> 00:19:56,920 Eva Braun is not a particularly political creature. 218 00:19:56,920 --> 00:20:00,240 She is not following things in great detail. 219 00:20:03,000 --> 00:20:06,640 Eva's fantasy is about her place in Nazi history. 220 00:20:10,800 --> 00:20:12,120 The clock is ticking. 221 00:20:12,120 --> 00:20:13,560 Time is running out. 222 00:20:13,560 --> 00:20:17,680 I now need to make sure that I am at Hitler's side. 223 00:20:19,720 --> 00:20:23,400 Most rational people would be trying to get out of Berlin. 224 00:20:25,640 --> 00:20:28,040 Eva has a different ambition. 225 00:20:32,480 --> 00:20:35,120 Her life doesn't hold value to her 226 00:20:35,120 --> 00:20:38,960 unless she can achieve her greatest ambition, 227 00:20:38,960 --> 00:20:43,920 which is to secure her place in future Nazi history, 228 00:20:43,920 --> 00:20:46,840 being Hitler's loyal support to the end. 229 00:20:48,200 --> 00:20:50,000 Even if it costs her life. 230 00:20:55,880 --> 00:20:58,800 Despite his rapidly waning authority, 231 00:20:58,800 --> 00:21:02,440 Hitler still holds daily military briefings. 232 00:21:02,440 --> 00:21:06,320 He now pins his hopes on the 12th Army, 233 00:21:06,320 --> 00:21:08,520 but they are nowhere near Berlin. 234 00:21:15,880 --> 00:21:19,760 Heather's Situation Conferences came to focus more and more 235 00:21:19,760 --> 00:21:21,960 on enormous maps he'd had made... 236 00:21:25,040 --> 00:21:27,880 ..with little flags that he could move around, 237 00:21:27,880 --> 00:21:29,480 each representing a division. 238 00:21:31,120 --> 00:21:35,720 And he became almost obsessed with these maps. 239 00:21:37,480 --> 00:21:43,240 But the problem was each division was severely depleted. 240 00:21:43,240 --> 00:21:48,360 In reality, the little flags, they represented nothing at all. 241 00:21:48,360 --> 00:21:49,880 They were purely imaginary. 242 00:21:51,920 --> 00:21:54,720 One of the generals, Keitel, requests permission 243 00:21:54,720 --> 00:21:57,560 to rejoin the remnants of the 12th Army 244 00:21:57,560 --> 00:22:00,720 to make sure Hitler's demands are carried out. 245 00:22:02,360 --> 00:22:09,040 Keitel is the last of the totally loyal generals around Hitler. 246 00:22:13,920 --> 00:22:18,880 He's there at the centre of things because Hitler trusts him 247 00:22:18,880 --> 00:22:21,400 not to object to anything he orders. 248 00:22:26,720 --> 00:22:32,040 Even Keitel realises that Hitler is indulging in fantasies 249 00:22:32,040 --> 00:22:37,640 so bizarre and so hopeless that it would not make any sense 250 00:22:37,640 --> 00:22:39,520 to carry out these orders. 251 00:22:41,600 --> 00:22:44,360 Keitel simply disappears. 252 00:22:44,360 --> 00:22:46,200 He just fled. 253 00:22:53,520 --> 00:22:57,000 As the situation in Berlin worsens, 254 00:22:57,000 --> 00:23:01,480 Himmler senses an opportunity to improve his own chances of survival. 255 00:23:03,000 --> 00:23:08,920 Himmler feels emboldened to press on with plans for the future. 256 00:23:08,920 --> 00:23:13,360 Himmler thinks that Hitler is incapable at this stage 257 00:23:13,360 --> 00:23:15,080 of acting decisively. 258 00:23:19,760 --> 00:23:22,760 Himmler needs to take charge from now on. 259 00:23:24,040 --> 00:23:29,720 As he contemplates a new Nazi order, Himmler allows himself to imagine 260 00:23:29,720 --> 00:23:32,400 a world in which he is the next Fuhrer. 261 00:23:34,720 --> 00:23:38,920 He even considers a new name for the Nazi Party - 262 00:23:38,920 --> 00:23:41,520 the Party of National Union. 263 00:23:44,240 --> 00:23:48,440 He's a man who boasts about loyalty. 264 00:23:48,440 --> 00:23:51,440 He is a man who boasts about honour. 265 00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:56,280 But what really matters to Himmler in the end is his own prestige, 266 00:23:56,280 --> 00:23:57,840 it is his own position. 267 00:23:59,160 --> 00:24:01,840 Himmler thinks the best way to secure his position 268 00:24:01,840 --> 00:24:06,840 in future Germany is to sound out a peace deal with the Western Allies. 269 00:24:09,520 --> 00:24:14,040 To make this bold move, he travels 175 miles 270 00:24:14,040 --> 00:24:17,040 north of Berlin to the Baltic coast. 271 00:24:18,560 --> 00:24:22,640 Himmler is meeting an intermediary, Count Bernadotte, 272 00:24:22,640 --> 00:24:28,000 who is a senior representative from the neutral Swedish government. 273 00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:33,000 Himmler tells Bernadotte that he has authority from Hitler 274 00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:35,600 to negotiate with the Western Allies. 275 00:24:37,920 --> 00:24:41,400 Himmler boasts that he will force the German troops 276 00:24:41,400 --> 00:24:44,080 fighting on the Western Front to surrender. 277 00:24:45,760 --> 00:24:49,080 This is exactly what Hitler promised would never happen. 278 00:24:52,600 --> 00:24:54,760 Going over the Fuhrer's head 279 00:24:54,760 --> 00:24:57,440 is a very dangerous game to be playing. 280 00:24:59,800 --> 00:25:04,880 Himmler is not really having lots of moral qualms. 281 00:25:04,880 --> 00:25:07,840 He simply talks about business. 282 00:25:11,760 --> 00:25:15,480 Himmler is determined to have a meeting with the Supreme Commander 283 00:25:15,480 --> 00:25:18,320 of the Allied Forces in Europe, General Eisenhower. 284 00:25:21,040 --> 00:25:25,680 And he is wondering whether he should shake hands with Eisenhower 285 00:25:25,680 --> 00:25:27,600 or whether he should bow. 286 00:25:30,160 --> 00:25:32,400 He is acting under delusion if he believes 287 00:25:32,400 --> 00:25:37,720 that the Western Allies will seriously negotiate with him, 288 00:25:37,720 --> 00:25:40,080 the architect of the Holocaust. 289 00:25:48,720 --> 00:25:50,840 In the town of Ansbach, 290 00:25:50,840 --> 00:25:54,760 Robert Limpert continues his one man campaign of resistance. 291 00:25:57,760 --> 00:26:01,000 But he needs more than just leaflets to save lives 292 00:26:01,000 --> 00:26:03,600 and starts taking ever bigger risks. 293 00:26:09,440 --> 00:26:11,960 To disrupt the defence of the town, 294 00:26:11,960 --> 00:26:15,400 Limpert cuts telephone wires leading from the headquarters 295 00:26:15,400 --> 00:26:18,800 of the local Nazi commander, Colonel Meyer. 296 00:26:22,400 --> 00:26:25,320 It's probably his last resort. 297 00:26:26,440 --> 00:26:28,920 It's an act of courage, 298 00:26:28,920 --> 00:26:31,160 but at the same time, he knows... 299 00:26:32,760 --> 00:26:36,120 ..the step he is taking has only one end. 300 00:26:39,520 --> 00:26:42,640 Boys from the Hitler Youth saw him... 301 00:26:45,920 --> 00:26:49,080 ..and they reported him immediately to the police. 302 00:26:54,840 --> 00:26:59,800 When Robert is arrested, a show trial is quickly held. 303 00:26:59,800 --> 00:27:03,120 And in two minutes, he is sentenced to death. 304 00:27:05,280 --> 00:27:08,160 They don't care about killing him physically. 305 00:27:08,160 --> 00:27:12,080 They are so afraid of what Robert would say 306 00:27:12,080 --> 00:27:14,440 if he was given the right to speak 307 00:27:14,440 --> 00:27:18,760 because they know it is the power of his words that will last. 308 00:27:31,440 --> 00:27:35,520 Even at that moment, Robert was resisting. 309 00:27:38,120 --> 00:27:40,160 He somehow managed to escape. 310 00:28:12,160 --> 00:28:16,440 I believe he died with some sorrow, looking at his people. 311 00:28:17,840 --> 00:28:22,800 But at the same time, satisfied that he had done the right thing. 312 00:28:25,120 --> 00:28:28,600 Meyer said, "Let him stay here until he stinks." 313 00:28:29,640 --> 00:28:32,680 They wanted to leave him hanging. 314 00:28:32,680 --> 00:28:36,400 To that extent, they were trying to dehumanise him. 315 00:28:36,400 --> 00:28:41,680 But they forgot that Robert is no more this body. 316 00:28:41,680 --> 00:28:49,160 Robert is the value of what it means to be a free man. 317 00:28:50,640 --> 00:28:55,680 I believe freedom is what he stood for. 318 00:28:55,680 --> 00:28:57,720 And it's freedom, what he died for. 319 00:29:02,680 --> 00:29:06,160 Tragically, the Americans arrive in Ansbach 320 00:29:06,160 --> 00:29:09,040 just a few hours after Robert's execution. 321 00:29:12,400 --> 00:29:14,960 His town surrenders without a fight. 322 00:29:16,800 --> 00:29:22,680 Robert is one of 10,000 German citizens executed by the Nazis 323 00:29:22,680 --> 00:29:24,680 in a final wave of terror. 324 00:29:31,640 --> 00:29:34,640 EXPLOSIONS 325 00:29:41,240 --> 00:29:46,200 In Berlin, Russian shells pound the streets surrounding the bunker. 326 00:29:51,360 --> 00:29:53,920 EXPLOSION 327 00:29:55,400 --> 00:29:59,600 Underground, life is becoming increasingly squalid. 328 00:30:02,320 --> 00:30:05,800 Fans supplying fresh air are turned off 329 00:30:05,800 --> 00:30:08,240 after they start sucking in smoke and fumes 330 00:30:08,240 --> 00:30:10,640 from the heavy shelling above. 331 00:30:17,800 --> 00:30:19,960 The war is so close, 332 00:30:19,960 --> 00:30:24,520 an emergency field hospital is set up inside the bunker itself. 333 00:30:28,560 --> 00:30:31,000 Surrounded by the dead and dying, 334 00:30:31,000 --> 00:30:34,840 ever more dreadful news reaches those trapped inside. 335 00:30:37,160 --> 00:30:41,440 An Allied radio broadcast has been intercepted. 336 00:30:51,880 --> 00:30:54,920 Hitler and Goebbels are together when Hitler's press secretary 337 00:30:54,920 --> 00:30:58,680 comes in and lets them know that the Allied press has published 338 00:30:58,680 --> 00:31:03,480 attempts by Himmler to make peace with England and the United States. 339 00:31:07,600 --> 00:31:10,200 Himmler had been the truest of the true. 340 00:31:10,200 --> 00:31:12,840 Hitler used to call him "Treu Himmler" - 341 00:31:12,840 --> 00:31:15,280 "Faithful Himmler". 342 00:31:15,280 --> 00:31:18,960 Now, Goebbels and Hitler are outraged. 343 00:31:18,960 --> 00:31:23,600 They see any attempt at peace whatsoever as a betrayal. 344 00:31:31,520 --> 00:31:36,760 Hitler goes incandescent in another outburst of rage. 345 00:31:36,760 --> 00:31:40,160 This is a cause of absolute despair for Hitler. 346 00:31:45,600 --> 00:31:53,360 Hitler finds this the last, final, worst betrayal of all. 347 00:31:53,360 --> 00:31:57,160 Faithful Heinrich has become Faithless Heinrich. 348 00:32:01,480 --> 00:32:06,480 "It is the greatest betrayal in history," he says. 349 00:32:06,480 --> 00:32:12,320 Stunned, Hitler takes out his fury on one of Himmler's subordinates, 350 00:32:12,320 --> 00:32:16,960 Hermann Fegelein, who he suspects to be part of Himmler's plot. 351 00:32:19,600 --> 00:32:22,400 Fegelein was close to Hitler 352 00:32:22,400 --> 00:32:27,720 because he was married to Eva Braun's sister, Gretl. 353 00:32:27,720 --> 00:32:32,560 But Fegelein was also, of course, close to Himmler. 354 00:32:36,320 --> 00:32:40,560 Astonishingly, he ordered Fegelein to be shot. 355 00:32:42,480 --> 00:32:43,600 GUN COCKS 356 00:32:44,880 --> 00:32:47,080 GUNSHOT 357 00:32:48,480 --> 00:32:53,640 Not content with Fegelein's death and fuelled by paranoia, 358 00:32:53,640 --> 00:32:57,000 Hitler orders the unthinkable - 359 00:32:57,000 --> 00:32:59,600 the execution of Himmler himself. 360 00:33:02,080 --> 00:33:07,080 But Himmler is more than 100 miles away from the Fuhrer bunker, 361 00:33:07,080 --> 00:33:09,120 near Germany's Baltic coast. 362 00:33:10,680 --> 00:33:16,280 Himmler is completely shocked that Hitler, his erstwhile patron, 363 00:33:16,280 --> 00:33:21,280 staunchest supporter, is now ordering the execution of Himmler. 364 00:33:21,280 --> 00:33:26,200 This is something which comes as totally unexpected news. 365 00:33:26,200 --> 00:33:28,520 He has lost almost everything. 366 00:33:30,840 --> 00:33:33,640 He is absolutely shattered. 367 00:33:37,600 --> 00:33:41,080 Hitler and Himmler have stood side by side in the Nazi Party 368 00:33:41,080 --> 00:33:42,680 for over 20 years. 369 00:33:44,360 --> 00:33:47,480 With the news that the Allies will not even consider negotiating 370 00:33:47,480 --> 00:33:52,480 with Himmler, he realises he's betrayed his Fuhrer for nothing. 371 00:33:54,320 --> 00:34:00,480 The ties between Himmler and Hitler are now cut for good. 372 00:34:14,320 --> 00:34:17,200 With his inner circle in disarray, 373 00:34:17,200 --> 00:34:20,600 Hitler makes time for one last grand gesture. 374 00:34:22,960 --> 00:34:26,720 After keeping her in the shadows for 15 years, 375 00:34:26,720 --> 00:34:31,040 Hitler is finally ready to acknowledge his girlfriend, 376 00:34:31,040 --> 00:34:32,360 Eva Braun. 377 00:34:37,720 --> 00:34:42,520 When Eva Braun went to stay with him in Berlin in the last days, 378 00:34:42,520 --> 00:34:47,360 resisting all attempts to persuade her to leave and go into hiding... 379 00:34:50,200 --> 00:34:54,320 ..he was, I think, grateful, perhaps rather touched. 380 00:34:57,040 --> 00:35:02,080 He decided now was the time to give her a public thanks 381 00:35:02,080 --> 00:35:06,320 for her loyalty and devotion by marrying her. 382 00:35:06,320 --> 00:35:10,400 It's hard to accept, but Hitler did have ordinary human emotions. 383 00:35:10,400 --> 00:35:12,320 He was capable of love. 384 00:35:12,320 --> 00:35:14,360 He does seem to have loved Eva Braun. 385 00:35:14,360 --> 00:35:16,600 Oboe Concerto No 2 in D minor by Albinoni 386 00:35:35,360 --> 00:35:39,680 When Eve signs her name, she begins writing "Braun", 387 00:35:39,680 --> 00:35:42,480 before correcting it to "Eva Hitler, nee Braun". 388 00:35:45,120 --> 00:35:46,920 This is all Eva's ever wanted. 389 00:35:46,920 --> 00:35:49,360 And she's really pleased to become Frau Hitler. 390 00:35:50,640 --> 00:35:53,960 She's got her eye on the history books. 391 00:35:53,960 --> 00:35:56,600 Finally, she'll be recognised as belonging to the heart 392 00:35:56,600 --> 00:35:58,000 of the Third Reich. 393 00:36:01,800 --> 00:36:05,960 Eva Braun had imagined a wedding on a grand scale - 394 00:36:05,960 --> 00:36:07,120 a royal wedding... 395 00:36:10,280 --> 00:36:13,760 ..a celebration, a couple of days of partying... 396 00:36:14,800 --> 00:36:18,320 ..cameras filming everything, flowers and meadows. 397 00:36:20,720 --> 00:36:24,200 What she gets is a plate of cold sandwiches 398 00:36:24,200 --> 00:36:27,280 in a hole 25 foot beneath the ground. 399 00:36:27,280 --> 00:36:32,040 This is a grim event, but she's facing a grim reality. 400 00:36:41,000 --> 00:36:43,280 The nuptials are short-lived. 401 00:36:44,600 --> 00:36:49,160 Hitler leaves the celebrations to dictate to one of his secretaries 402 00:36:49,160 --> 00:36:52,000 his last public statement as Fuhrer. 403 00:36:53,160 --> 00:36:56,360 Hitler's testimony's a very depressing document. 404 00:36:56,360 --> 00:37:02,000 It's full of the settling of old scores, of revenge, hatred, 405 00:37:02,000 --> 00:37:05,560 as well as expressions of loyalty to the people who've 406 00:37:05,560 --> 00:37:07,960 unquestionably followed him. 407 00:37:09,720 --> 00:37:14,040 He also has diatribes full of hatred for people who have betrayed him. 408 00:37:14,040 --> 00:37:20,160 And then at the end, he has another anti-Semitic rant against the Jews. 409 00:37:21,800 --> 00:37:28,160 He accuses them of having plotted the destruction of Germany. 410 00:37:28,160 --> 00:37:30,120 Complete paranoid fantasy. 411 00:37:32,200 --> 00:37:33,520 And then he says, 412 00:37:33,520 --> 00:37:37,640 "And the Jewish people have had to suffer the same fate." 413 00:37:40,800 --> 00:37:43,000 And that is a confession that he has ordered 414 00:37:43,000 --> 00:37:45,880 and had carried out the Holocaust, 415 00:37:45,880 --> 00:37:48,800 the mass murder of nearly six million Jews. 416 00:37:48,800 --> 00:37:50,960 Symphony of Sorrowful Songs by Gorecki 417 00:38:17,720 --> 00:38:20,520 ARTILLERY FIRE 418 00:38:33,720 --> 00:38:36,360 With the Russians almost at Hitler's door... 419 00:38:37,960 --> 00:38:41,840 ..staff in the bunker receive dramatic news from Italy. 420 00:38:44,400 --> 00:38:48,840 Hitler's ally, dictator Benito Mussolini, 421 00:38:48,840 --> 00:38:53,600 and his mistress have been killed by communist partisans... 422 00:38:54,680 --> 00:38:58,360 ..their mutilated bodies publicly strung up 423 00:38:58,360 --> 00:39:00,680 outside a petrol station... 424 00:39:01,800 --> 00:39:02,840 ..near Milan. 425 00:39:06,840 --> 00:39:09,440 Hitler's not a man who fears death. 426 00:39:09,440 --> 00:39:14,680 What he did fear was to be captured, taken prisoner, humiliated, 427 00:39:14,680 --> 00:39:20,400 put on trial, subjected to the mockery and contempt of the world. 428 00:39:22,920 --> 00:39:25,960 Hitler gets the news of Mussolini's death. 429 00:39:25,960 --> 00:39:28,000 This is the last straw. 430 00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:31,600 He says he's not going to suffer the same fate. 431 00:39:31,600 --> 00:39:35,120 He is going to die, as far as he can, a dignified death. 432 00:39:35,120 --> 00:39:39,520 And he wants his body and that of Eva Hitler - as she now is - 433 00:39:39,520 --> 00:39:43,160 to be burned until they are unrecognisable, 434 00:39:43,160 --> 00:39:47,960 so there's nothing left of them to mock or defile. 435 00:39:58,880 --> 00:40:03,840 Hitler assembles his staff in the bunker on the 30th of April 436 00:40:03,840 --> 00:40:06,600 and says formally goodbye to them, 437 00:40:06,600 --> 00:40:09,520 shaking their hands and thanking them for their service. 438 00:40:11,640 --> 00:40:17,600 Finally, he has reached a point where he knows it's total defeat. 439 00:40:17,600 --> 00:40:20,360 In a sense, that makes him rather calm. 440 00:40:22,240 --> 00:40:23,680 The decision has been made. 441 00:40:23,680 --> 00:40:26,760 There's no more hope of turning the tide, 442 00:40:26,760 --> 00:40:28,880 there's no more hope of a victory, 443 00:40:28,880 --> 00:40:32,080 and so he knows he's going to shoot himself. 444 00:40:38,600 --> 00:40:41,720 And so he's reconciled himself to his fate. 445 00:41:23,080 --> 00:41:25,120 GUNSHOT 446 00:41:55,200 --> 00:41:58,960 The proclamation that Hitler had died a hero's death, 447 00:41:58,960 --> 00:42:02,880 fighting at the head of his troops, was, of course, a complete lie. 448 00:42:02,880 --> 00:42:06,400 He died a squalid death in the bunker by shooting himself 449 00:42:06,400 --> 00:42:08,280 and poisoning his partner. 450 00:42:09,440 --> 00:42:10,840 When Hitler dies, 451 00:42:10,840 --> 00:42:14,760 for many Germans, the world is over. 452 00:42:14,760 --> 00:42:16,720 It too dies. 453 00:42:20,360 --> 00:42:24,160 He had loomed so enormously large in the consciousness of the Germans 454 00:42:24,160 --> 00:42:28,080 under the Third Reich that there was an enormous wave of suicides 455 00:42:28,080 --> 00:42:33,600 in Nazi Germany, one of the largest mass deaths in history. 456 00:42:33,600 --> 00:42:35,920 GUNSHOT 457 00:42:38,720 --> 00:42:41,280 The defeat was total. 458 00:42:41,280 --> 00:42:43,240 Germany was occupied. 459 00:42:44,440 --> 00:42:48,880 There was no obvious reason to carry on fighting. 460 00:42:48,880 --> 00:42:50,760 GUNFIRE 461 00:43:03,400 --> 00:43:05,920 The Fuhrer may be dead, 462 00:43:05,920 --> 00:43:09,640 but he's left a crucial set of orders to be carried out. 463 00:43:11,920 --> 00:43:14,600 Hitler's private secretary sends a message 464 00:43:14,600 --> 00:43:16,960 disclosing news of his successor. 465 00:43:23,440 --> 00:43:28,640 In his final testament, Hitler has made a surprise appointment. 466 00:43:28,640 --> 00:43:32,360 Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz will be Reich president. 467 00:43:35,600 --> 00:43:39,680 Doenitz may be an outside choice for Supreme Commander, 468 00:43:39,680 --> 00:43:41,640 but he is a committed Nazi. 469 00:43:43,440 --> 00:43:49,200 The Navy, in complete contrast to the Army, 470 00:43:49,200 --> 00:43:53,440 had been faithful to Hitler all the way through. 471 00:43:53,440 --> 00:43:57,120 And Hitler, I think, felt that Doenitz, as the head of the Navy, 472 00:43:57,120 --> 00:44:02,240 represented the one institution in Germany that he had trusted, 473 00:44:02,240 --> 00:44:06,200 that remained loyal to him all the way through. 474 00:44:09,760 --> 00:44:12,400 Doenitz summons the disgraced Himmler 475 00:44:12,400 --> 00:44:15,800 to his temporary headquarters in northern Germany. 476 00:44:21,840 --> 00:44:26,320 Himmler sees this invitation as a chance to salvage his reputation 477 00:44:26,320 --> 00:44:28,000 among the Nazi elite. 478 00:44:32,800 --> 00:44:38,600 Himmler now feels completely liberated of any loyalties, 479 00:44:38,600 --> 00:44:44,280 of any ties, of any obligations to Hitler, 480 00:44:44,280 --> 00:44:47,680 so Himmler can now do whatever he likes. 481 00:44:53,000 --> 00:44:56,960 Himmler still commands the SS and the police. 482 00:44:56,960 --> 00:45:00,520 Himmler still has a considerable amount of power. 483 00:45:03,000 --> 00:45:06,920 He is so deluded that he thinks he will play a major role 484 00:45:06,920 --> 00:45:08,960 in a post-Hitler government. 485 00:45:18,200 --> 00:45:20,880 Himmler appears with armed guards in Doenitz's office 486 00:45:20,880 --> 00:45:23,680 because he wants to remind Doenitz 487 00:45:23,680 --> 00:45:27,600 that the SS and Himmler are still extremely powerful, 488 00:45:27,600 --> 00:45:31,400 that they are still forces to be reckoned with. 489 00:45:41,400 --> 00:45:44,160 Fearing a violent confrontation, 490 00:45:44,160 --> 00:45:48,440 Doenitz has concealed a gun with the safety catch removed 491 00:45:48,440 --> 00:45:50,480 under papers on his desk. 492 00:45:51,960 --> 00:45:56,320 Doenitz knows that Himmler has been expelled from the Nazi Party 493 00:45:56,320 --> 00:46:00,080 and that Himmler is a traitor in Hitler's eyes. 494 00:46:01,880 --> 00:46:05,280 The atmosphere is extremely tense. 495 00:46:05,280 --> 00:46:10,960 Himmler still thinks that he is far more powerful than Doenitz, 496 00:46:10,960 --> 00:46:13,440 who is, after all, only a Grand Admiral, 497 00:46:13,440 --> 00:46:15,840 the leader of the German Navy. 498 00:46:17,840 --> 00:46:22,160 Doenitz hands Himmler a copy of Hitler's final order, 499 00:46:22,160 --> 00:46:27,200 identifying the Admiral, not Himmler, as his successor. 500 00:46:30,000 --> 00:46:32,480 After 22 years a member, 501 00:46:32,480 --> 00:46:37,480 Himmler is unceremoniously dismissed from the Nazi Party. 502 00:46:38,760 --> 00:46:43,240 Himmler has always suppressed his own feelings. 503 00:46:43,240 --> 00:46:46,040 He's never shown any emotion in public. 504 00:46:47,120 --> 00:46:53,480 But now, after his fall from power, he must be feeling a total failure. 505 00:46:57,480 --> 00:47:02,120 Himmler offers his services as a second-in-command, 506 00:47:02,120 --> 00:47:03,920 but Doenitz refuses. 507 00:47:11,400 --> 00:47:14,880 Himmler has always been very sure of himself. 508 00:47:14,880 --> 00:47:17,280 He's always known his identity. 509 00:47:17,280 --> 00:47:19,600 He's always known the purpose of his life. 510 00:47:21,520 --> 00:47:22,960 But now he doesn't. 511 00:47:22,960 --> 00:47:24,600 What is his plan B? 512 00:47:24,600 --> 00:47:26,640 What is he going to do next? 513 00:47:28,280 --> 00:47:32,600 One thing he knows is that he wants to save his own neck. 514 00:47:40,640 --> 00:47:44,320 Speer, keen to keep himself at the heart of power, 515 00:47:44,320 --> 00:47:46,480 also meets with Doenitz. 516 00:47:55,320 --> 00:47:59,960 He, too, is shunned and gets no official position. 517 00:48:02,800 --> 00:48:05,320 For a once close friend of Hitler... 518 00:48:06,920 --> 00:48:09,080 ..it's a personal humiliation. 519 00:48:22,120 --> 00:48:26,000 But Speer soon senses an opportunity in this rejection... 520 00:48:27,320 --> 00:48:32,120 ..a chance to distance himself from the excesses of the Nazi regime. 521 00:48:40,320 --> 00:48:44,920 It's, for him, part of his exit strategy. 522 00:48:47,920 --> 00:48:53,040 Speer claims that he is just a civilian, 523 00:48:53,040 --> 00:48:55,520 he is a bystander, 524 00:48:57,400 --> 00:49:03,440 he has nothing to do with all these atrocities, with crimes. 525 00:49:06,840 --> 00:49:12,120 This is important for Speer to create a new image 526 00:49:12,120 --> 00:49:14,800 as the innocent man. 527 00:49:36,960 --> 00:49:40,560 With their hero dead at his own hand, 528 00:49:40,560 --> 00:49:46,000 Joseph Goebbels and his wife Magda now face an appalling choice. 529 00:49:50,160 --> 00:49:52,800 They are locked into a terrible struggle. 530 00:49:52,800 --> 00:49:55,160 They have decided to stay there until the end 531 00:49:55,160 --> 00:49:57,680 and share Hitler's fate, 532 00:49:57,680 --> 00:50:01,360 and so they discuss what to do with their children. 533 00:50:05,080 --> 00:50:11,920 The Goebbels are so fervently Nazi, so ideologically committed, 534 00:50:11,920 --> 00:50:14,680 there is nothing for them to live for. 535 00:50:16,040 --> 00:50:19,320 A world without Nazism was not a world for their own children. 536 00:50:22,200 --> 00:50:27,560 Goebbels, the mastermind of Nazi indoctrination, 537 00:50:27,560 --> 00:50:30,400 is the one member of Hitler's inner circle 538 00:50:30,400 --> 00:50:33,720 who most fervently swallows his own propaganda. 539 00:50:35,680 --> 00:50:39,040 Magda writes, "The world which will succeed the Fuhrer 540 00:50:39,040 --> 00:50:42,360 "and National Socialism is not worth living in. 541 00:50:43,600 --> 00:50:46,640 "And for this reason, I have brought the children here too. 542 00:50:49,440 --> 00:50:53,480 "They are too good for the life that will come after us, 543 00:50:53,480 --> 00:50:55,440 "and a gracious God will understand 544 00:50:55,440 --> 00:50:57,880 "if I myself give them release from it." 545 00:51:05,480 --> 00:51:09,040 The Goebbels' children are sedated, 546 00:51:09,040 --> 00:51:12,920 before cyanide capsules are crushed into their mouths. 547 00:51:14,600 --> 00:51:17,200 Their parents then shoot themselves. 548 00:51:19,080 --> 00:51:23,040 Magda didn't kill her children because she was a monster. 549 00:51:23,040 --> 00:51:26,840 Magda was a person that had been radicalised by these ideas, 550 00:51:26,840 --> 00:51:31,320 radicalised to such an extent that she did the most unnatural thing 551 00:51:31,320 --> 00:51:33,800 a mother could do and killed her own children. 552 00:51:47,280 --> 00:51:53,040 On the 7th of May 1945, a representative of the German Army 553 00:51:53,040 --> 00:51:56,400 signs Germany's unconditional surrender. 554 00:51:58,160 --> 00:52:03,720 After six years of conflict, the war in Europe is over, 555 00:52:03,720 --> 00:52:06,240 Nazism defeated. 556 00:52:08,480 --> 00:52:10,800 HITLER SHOUTS IN GERMAN 557 00:52:15,600 --> 00:52:21,680 When Hitler rose to power in 1933, Germany was a liberal democracy. 558 00:52:23,000 --> 00:52:26,360 Then he and his fanatical deputies stripped the German people 559 00:52:26,360 --> 00:52:31,520 of their basic freedoms to establish a ruthless dictatorship. 560 00:52:33,000 --> 00:52:38,520 Fuelled by hatred and a flawed belief in racial superiority, 561 00:52:38,520 --> 00:52:44,080 Hitler instigated a global war that cost 60 million lives. 562 00:52:45,920 --> 00:52:49,680 But as his dream of an Aryan empire collapsed, 563 00:52:49,680 --> 00:52:52,520 he turned his anger on his own people... 564 00:52:54,920 --> 00:52:57,360 ..and finally himself. 565 00:53:00,200 --> 00:53:08,120 The Third Reich shows us how dangerous ideas are. 566 00:53:11,240 --> 00:53:15,080 Where Hitler and the Nazis are different 567 00:53:15,080 --> 00:53:19,400 is that they wanted to ultimately conquer the whole world. 568 00:53:19,400 --> 00:53:21,920 Their ambitions were without limit. 569 00:53:26,280 --> 00:53:28,080 Nazis, like all nationalists, 570 00:53:28,080 --> 00:53:30,640 do not believe that there's such a thing as humanity. 571 00:53:30,640 --> 00:53:34,600 For them, we're different species locked in a struggle for survival. 572 00:53:39,160 --> 00:53:43,720 Underlying that is a total contempt for human life. 573 00:53:51,160 --> 00:53:54,720 Even though Europe is now at peace, 574 00:53:54,720 --> 00:53:58,800 for some Nazis, the story is far from over. 575 00:54:00,720 --> 00:54:04,320 Goering makes no effort to run away at the end of the war - 576 00:54:04,320 --> 00:54:05,920 in fact, the opposite, really. 577 00:54:07,000 --> 00:54:10,120 Goering gives himself up to the American Army. 578 00:54:11,320 --> 00:54:14,240 And I think he does so because he still has this idea 579 00:54:14,240 --> 00:54:17,760 that he'll be treated as a senior figure now, 580 00:54:17,760 --> 00:54:21,520 perhaps the most important senior figure, after Hitler's death. 581 00:54:21,520 --> 00:54:24,800 And so Goering hopes he'll be taken to Eisenhower 582 00:54:24,800 --> 00:54:27,880 and be able to talk to him as one senior officer 583 00:54:27,880 --> 00:54:29,760 to another senior officer. 584 00:54:30,760 --> 00:54:34,360 Goering has no idea that, instead, 585 00:54:34,360 --> 00:54:38,760 he faces trial for crimes against humanity. 586 00:54:38,760 --> 00:54:43,320 What Goering doesn't really expect is that he will end up 587 00:54:43,320 --> 00:54:47,600 in a prison cell along with other major war criminals. 588 00:54:50,880 --> 00:54:52,080 It's so bizarre. 589 00:54:54,120 --> 00:54:57,080 I think he has no sense that he is one of them. 590 00:55:06,000 --> 00:55:08,360 While Goering is behind bars... 591 00:55:09,800 --> 00:55:14,160 ..Himmler is on the run. 592 00:55:14,160 --> 00:55:18,640 Himmler's main priority now is to get as far away 593 00:55:18,640 --> 00:55:23,320 from the advancing Soviet troops as quickly as he can. 594 00:55:25,000 --> 00:55:27,320 He has really fallen from power. 595 00:55:28,920 --> 00:55:34,800 But there is no evidence whatsoever that Himmler is feeling any remorse. 596 00:55:34,800 --> 00:55:38,200 He is completely unrepentant. 597 00:55:38,200 --> 00:55:41,160 Himmler is carrying a fake ID, 598 00:55:41,160 --> 00:55:44,320 pretending to be just an ordinary soldier. 599 00:55:45,480 --> 00:55:48,240 But his forgery is quickly discovered. 600 00:55:50,320 --> 00:55:52,200 Himmler is acutely aware of the fact 601 00:55:52,200 --> 00:55:54,440 that he's one of Europe's most wanted men. 602 00:55:54,440 --> 00:55:57,640 He knows that he will be put on trial and that 603 00:55:57,640 --> 00:56:01,320 he will be, in all likelihood, sentenced to death. 604 00:56:03,400 --> 00:56:05,440 As Himmler is searched, 605 00:56:05,440 --> 00:56:09,920 he bites down on a cyanide capsule he's concealed in his mouth. 606 00:56:11,600 --> 00:56:14,000 The architect of the Holocaust 607 00:56:14,000 --> 00:56:18,280 and the man responsible for the deaths of millions of people 608 00:56:18,280 --> 00:56:19,320 is dead. 609 00:56:23,400 --> 00:56:28,880 His death by suicide is a rather pathetic, cowardly act. 610 00:56:34,840 --> 00:56:37,400 At the same time, Allied forces arrive 611 00:56:37,400 --> 00:56:41,120 at Admiral Doenitz's headquarters in northern Germany. 612 00:56:43,280 --> 00:56:46,320 Any hopes the remaining Nazis have of playing a role 613 00:56:46,320 --> 00:56:51,840 in Germany's post-war government are dispelled when they're arrested. 614 00:56:55,800 --> 00:56:58,160 Speer is very clever. 615 00:56:58,160 --> 00:57:03,840 He knows that pictures are very powerful. 616 00:57:06,120 --> 00:57:10,880 On the day of the arrest, he shows up in civilian clothes, 617 00:57:10,880 --> 00:57:12,200 in a trench coat. 618 00:57:13,280 --> 00:57:16,960 All others wear uniforms. 619 00:57:16,960 --> 00:57:18,560 He shows with this, 620 00:57:18,560 --> 00:57:23,760 "I'm a civilian and I don't belong to this group. 621 00:57:23,760 --> 00:57:25,400 "I'm different." 622 00:57:37,800 --> 00:57:41,400 He lies. He has to lie. 623 00:57:41,400 --> 00:57:48,920 Even other members of Hitler's inner circle don't lie like Speer lies. 624 00:57:53,840 --> 00:57:59,640 Now, the world must seek retribution and Germany must deal with its role 625 00:57:59,640 --> 00:58:02,560 in one of the deadliest episodes in human history. 626 00:58:07,320 --> 00:58:11,200 As dozens of Nazis are rounded up and put on trial... 627 00:58:12,800 --> 00:58:18,320 ..tens of thousands more are on the run or hiding in plain sight... 628 00:58:20,280 --> 00:58:23,400 ..as they begin to process what they've done.... 629 00:58:24,560 --> 00:58:26,440 ..in the name of the Fuhrer. 53233

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