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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,042 --> 00:00:03,476 Ferocious monsters from the deep. 2 00:00:03,500 --> 00:00:06,250 Hellish hounds that prowl the night. 3 00:00:06,375 --> 00:00:10,417 And ancient dragons that rule the skies. 4 00:00:11,667 --> 00:00:14,542 Since the dawn of time, there have been tales 5 00:00:14,708 --> 00:00:17,458 of monsters that live among us. 6 00:00:17,583 --> 00:00:21,083 Creatures of myth and legend that lurk in the shadows 7 00:00:21,208 --> 00:00:23,708 and hunt us like prey. 8 00:00:23,833 --> 00:00:27,750 But are these fantastic beasts 9 00:00:27,875 --> 00:00:30,167 merely figments of our imagination? 10 00:00:30,292 --> 00:00:33,583 Or could they actually be real? 11 00:00:35,208 --> 00:00:37,542 Well, that is what we'll try and find out. 12 00:00:53,167 --> 00:00:56,000 For centuries, mankind has told stories 13 00:00:56,083 --> 00:00:58,292 about fearsome monsters 14 00:00:58,375 --> 00:01:02,250 that inhabit our world and can strike without warning. 15 00:01:02,375 --> 00:01:06,750 What is it about these strange creatures that terrifies us? 16 00:01:08,083 --> 00:01:10,792 Monsters are found everywhere, in all cultures, 17 00:01:10,917 --> 00:01:13,208 in all, uh, locales around the world. 18 00:01:13,333 --> 00:01:16,667 If you look at monsters from an anthropological sense, 19 00:01:16,792 --> 00:01:21,167 they are very often wild and dangerous and aggressive. 20 00:01:21,292 --> 00:01:25,083 And very often inescapably evil. 21 00:01:25,208 --> 00:01:28,875 They have humanlike motivations 22 00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:32,333 and humanlike or even godlike abilities. 23 00:01:32,458 --> 00:01:35,833 And this reflects a lot of real, um, issues, fears. 24 00:01:35,917 --> 00:01:39,708 And as well as encounters of the most fantastical kind. 25 00:01:42,167 --> 00:01:44,207 Monsters have been with us a long time. 26 00:01:44,250 --> 00:01:46,667 In Australia, the ancient aboriginals would 27 00:01:46,833 --> 00:01:50,458 talk about the Bunyip, which was a swamp-dwelling creature 28 00:01:50,583 --> 00:01:53,667 that would rise in the moonlight to slaughter its victims. 29 00:01:53,833 --> 00:01:58,417 The Native Americans talked about horned serpents 30 00:01:58,542 --> 00:02:03,208 and thunder beings with wings that would roam the skies. 31 00:02:03,333 --> 00:02:05,292 In Norse or Viking mythology, 32 00:02:05,417 --> 00:02:07,208 there were a number of monsters as well. 33 00:02:07,333 --> 00:02:10,833 You had trolls, elves, ogres. 34 00:02:10,917 --> 00:02:14,833 So we have all manner of horrible, 35 00:02:14,958 --> 00:02:17,083 strange monsters lurking the planet. 36 00:02:17,208 --> 00:02:20,333 They are the embodiment of evil. 37 00:02:20,458 --> 00:02:23,833 They represent the mystery in our world, the unknown. 38 00:02:23,958 --> 00:02:26,042 What a lot of people don't realize is 39 00:02:26,208 --> 00:02:28,500 that at least some of these monsters have stepped 40 00:02:28,667 --> 00:02:30,625 from beyond the veil of mythology 41 00:02:30,708 --> 00:02:33,125 into our reality. 42 00:02:34,542 --> 00:02:36,342 Is it possible that some monsters are 43 00:02:36,375 --> 00:02:38,167 not merely fictional characters 44 00:02:38,292 --> 00:02:41,250 but, rather, flesh and blood creatures? 45 00:02:42,417 --> 00:02:45,000 There are those who believe the answer is yes. 46 00:02:45,167 --> 00:02:47,458 And as evidence, they point to a beast 47 00:02:47,583 --> 00:02:50,542 that has been reported in England for centuries. 48 00:02:59,458 --> 00:03:03,417 As thunder and rain pounds St. Mary's Church, 49 00:03:03,542 --> 00:03:07,042 the worshippers inside gather in silent prayer. 50 00:03:07,208 --> 00:03:09,875 Suddenly, a monstrous doglike creature 51 00:03:10,000 --> 00:03:11,708 with glowing red eyes crashes 52 00:03:11,833 --> 00:03:15,333 through the church doors and attacks the people inside. 53 00:03:15,500 --> 00:03:18,042 Dozens are wounded, and two parishioners 54 00:03:18,208 --> 00:03:20,250 are killed in the unexpected rampage 55 00:03:20,375 --> 00:03:21,875 caused by one of England's 56 00:03:22,042 --> 00:03:24,125 most feared monsters... 57 00:03:24,250 --> 00:03:27,000 the hellhound. 58 00:03:27,125 --> 00:03:29,542 The hellhound of Bungay is one 59 00:03:29,667 --> 00:03:32,125 of the best known of the monster stories 60 00:03:32,208 --> 00:03:33,625 in the U.K. 61 00:03:33,708 --> 00:03:35,458 It kills two parishioners in the church 62 00:03:35,583 --> 00:03:37,167 as it makes its way through. 63 00:03:37,292 --> 00:03:39,042 It then goes off to the town 64 00:03:39,167 --> 00:03:42,167 of Blythburgh, which is about 12 miles away. 65 00:03:42,333 --> 00:03:44,833 And it kills two more parishioners 66 00:03:44,917 --> 00:03:46,792 and a young boy, as well, 67 00:03:46,917 --> 00:03:48,667 before scrambling to get out 68 00:03:48,750 --> 00:03:51,792 of the church and leaving its claw marks in the church door, 69 00:03:51,875 --> 00:03:56,500 which you can still see as black scorch marks to this day. 70 00:03:56,583 --> 00:03:58,833 It's a really important story, 71 00:03:58,917 --> 00:04:01,208 especially for the local area. 72 00:04:01,333 --> 00:04:04,292 The black dog is seen on the weathervane in the town. 73 00:04:04,375 --> 00:04:06,792 It's on the coat of arms. 74 00:04:08,292 --> 00:04:12,417 Hellhounds are abnormally huge black dogs. 75 00:04:12,542 --> 00:04:15,583 They are thought to be an omen of death or a harbinger 76 00:04:15,708 --> 00:04:19,417 of ill fate, mishap, misfortune, and death. 77 00:04:19,542 --> 00:04:22,750 Sometimes they're as large as a full grown cow, 78 00:04:22,875 --> 00:04:24,333 heavily muscled, 79 00:04:24,458 --> 00:04:27,000 with glowing red eyes, 80 00:04:27,125 --> 00:04:29,792 as though embers of hell are emanating 81 00:04:29,917 --> 00:04:32,167 from the creature. 82 00:04:32,292 --> 00:04:35,375 These traditions and stories of hellhounds 83 00:04:35,500 --> 00:04:37,333 date back centuries in England, 84 00:04:37,458 --> 00:04:40,167 all the way back to the 12th century. 85 00:04:40,292 --> 00:04:41,851 All over England, you have different regional 86 00:04:41,875 --> 00:04:45,167 aspects of these black dogs that are considered 87 00:04:45,292 --> 00:04:48,708 to be the manifestation of the devil himself. 88 00:04:48,833 --> 00:04:51,458 They're known by a variety of different names, 89 00:04:51,542 --> 00:04:55,500 the most popular being the Black Shuck and the Hairy Jack. 90 00:04:57,083 --> 00:05:00,167 There are still people even to this day that report encounters 91 00:05:00,292 --> 00:05:02,667 with these strange, ghostly dogs. 92 00:05:02,833 --> 00:05:04,583 Whatever they represent, we can't deny 93 00:05:04,708 --> 00:05:07,000 that the black dogs are here to stay. 94 00:05:08,250 --> 00:05:10,010 The hellhound has clearly frightened 95 00:05:10,042 --> 00:05:11,667 the people of England for centuries. 96 00:05:11,833 --> 00:05:14,167 But there's another monster that's 97 00:05:14,250 --> 00:05:15,792 believed to dwell in the country 98 00:05:15,917 --> 00:05:19,667 that has inspired even greater fascination and fear. 99 00:05:19,833 --> 00:05:23,542 It's known as the Beast of Exmoor. 100 00:05:31,583 --> 00:05:33,500 While trekking through a field 101 00:05:33,583 --> 00:05:35,333 in a former royal hunting preserve, 102 00:05:35,417 --> 00:05:38,125 two hikers capture video footage 103 00:05:38,208 --> 00:05:40,750 of something no one would ever expect 104 00:05:40,875 --> 00:05:43,500 to see in the backwoods of South West England. 105 00:05:43,583 --> 00:05:47,333 The video shows a large black animal 106 00:05:47,458 --> 00:05:50,292 slinking through the grass. 107 00:05:50,375 --> 00:05:52,917 There was a video filmed of a mysterious 108 00:05:53,042 --> 00:05:55,833 catlike creature roaming the moors of Exmoor. 109 00:05:57,042 --> 00:05:58,750 It's about seven feet long, 110 00:05:58,875 --> 00:06:01,167 two and a half feet high at the shoulders. 111 00:06:01,250 --> 00:06:03,000 Coal black in color, 112 00:06:03,125 --> 00:06:04,917 green eyes. 113 00:06:05,042 --> 00:06:06,375 It's very strange. 114 00:06:07,542 --> 00:06:08,851 The people who took the video seem 115 00:06:08,875 --> 00:06:10,333 to be low to the ground, 116 00:06:10,458 --> 00:06:13,417 And it's so difficult to judge the perspective. 117 00:06:13,542 --> 00:06:16,833 But the interesting thing about this video, I think, 118 00:06:16,958 --> 00:06:19,958 is, this cat was seemingly 119 00:06:20,042 --> 00:06:22,500 a big black panther-like animal 120 00:06:22,583 --> 00:06:24,417 and it was walking through a field 121 00:06:24,542 --> 00:06:27,000 and looking confident. 122 00:06:29,250 --> 00:06:31,250 A black panther? 123 00:06:31,375 --> 00:06:34,458 In England? According to the U.K. 124 00:06:34,542 --> 00:06:36,667 government's organization for rural affairs, 125 00:06:36,792 --> 00:06:39,208 there is no cat species native to England 126 00:06:39,375 --> 00:06:41,667 that resembles a black panther. 127 00:06:41,792 --> 00:06:44,542 But some researchers believe it's possible that 128 00:06:44,667 --> 00:06:48,000 the enigmatic creature was, in fact... 129 00:06:48,083 --> 00:06:50,833 the Beast of Exmoor. 130 00:06:50,958 --> 00:06:53,333 The Beast of Exmoor is a supernatural 131 00:06:53,417 --> 00:06:57,875 or phantom cat that lives, according to legend, 132 00:06:58,000 --> 00:07:00,292 around the Exmoor area, 133 00:07:00,375 --> 00:07:02,667 a national park in Devon. 134 00:07:03,958 --> 00:07:06,239 The Beast of Exmoor is described as a very large, 135 00:07:06,375 --> 00:07:07,708 powerfully built cat. 136 00:07:07,833 --> 00:07:09,667 There have been hundreds of sightings 137 00:07:09,750 --> 00:07:12,708 dating back centuries, but it didn't really 138 00:07:12,875 --> 00:07:15,375 become ingrained in the local fabric of the culture 139 00:07:15,500 --> 00:07:17,958 and folklore until there were 140 00:07:18,042 --> 00:07:21,500 a number of mysterious livestock attacks and killings 141 00:07:21,625 --> 00:07:25,458 in Southern England that hit the newspapers in 1983, 142 00:07:25,583 --> 00:07:28,250 when a sheep farmer named Eric Ley 143 00:07:28,375 --> 00:07:30,333 reported up to a hundred sheep 144 00:07:30,458 --> 00:07:32,417 had been killed in a very violent way. 145 00:07:32,542 --> 00:07:34,833 Typically the throats were ripped out, 146 00:07:34,958 --> 00:07:38,208 they were eviscerated, disemboweled. 147 00:07:38,333 --> 00:07:41,167 So it certainly has really become sort of 148 00:07:41,292 --> 00:07:43,542 the local monster, if you will. 149 00:07:44,792 --> 00:07:46,476 After the attack on Eric Ley's sheep, the British 150 00:07:46,500 --> 00:07:49,333 tabloid The Daily Express picked up the story 151 00:07:49,417 --> 00:07:52,833 and offered a substantial reward for anyone 152 00:07:52,917 --> 00:07:56,500 who brought in the notorious beast, dead or alive. 153 00:07:56,625 --> 00:08:00,292 Many reward-seeking amateur hunters staked out the hills 154 00:08:00,375 --> 00:08:02,792 of Exmoor in search of the monster. 155 00:08:04,042 --> 00:08:07,458 As reports of livestock deaths and sightings of the beast 156 00:08:07,583 --> 00:08:10,542 reached a fever pitch, the British government decided 157 00:08:10,708 --> 00:08:14,083 to send military troops to investigate the matter. 158 00:08:15,375 --> 00:08:18,083 In North Devon the Royal Marines are on the trail of a mystery 159 00:08:18,208 --> 00:08:21,500 black beast that's killed 60 sheep in the past month. 160 00:08:21,625 --> 00:08:23,958 People just don't know what it is. 161 00:08:24,083 --> 00:08:27,458 Rogue dog, wild cat, or indeed something else. 162 00:08:28,708 --> 00:08:31,542 The Royal Marines are dispatched onto Exmoor 163 00:08:31,667 --> 00:08:34,583 to search for this animal to avoid 164 00:08:34,708 --> 00:08:37,583 any more killings taking place if possible. 165 00:08:37,708 --> 00:08:40,958 Some of the Marines report possibly seeing 166 00:08:41,083 --> 00:08:43,083 something through night vision equipment. 167 00:08:43,208 --> 00:08:47,250 But ultimately they stood down 168 00:08:47,375 --> 00:08:49,500 because there's a danger that if they do 169 00:08:49,583 --> 00:08:51,292 see anything and shoot at it, 170 00:08:51,375 --> 00:08:53,833 the chances are, it's going to be one of the many amateur 171 00:08:54,000 --> 00:08:56,625 photographers who are also out on the moor, 172 00:08:56,708 --> 00:08:59,458 trying to capture evidence of this beast. 173 00:08:59,542 --> 00:09:03,208 And so that hunt really comes to nothing 174 00:09:03,333 --> 00:09:05,208 at the end of the day. 175 00:09:05,333 --> 00:09:08,375 The evidence is inconclusive. 176 00:09:08,542 --> 00:09:10,583 It's very hard to pin down for certain 177 00:09:10,708 --> 00:09:13,917 what a lot of these sightings actually are. 178 00:09:16,083 --> 00:09:19,500 And therein lies the mystery behind it. 179 00:09:21,083 --> 00:09:25,000 If it's true that phantom cats and hellhounds do, 180 00:09:25,125 --> 00:09:29,375 in fact, exist, then it begs the question... 181 00:09:29,500 --> 00:09:32,833 could there be other monsters from myth 182 00:09:32,917 --> 00:09:35,750 and legend that are also real? 183 00:09:35,875 --> 00:09:40,417 Well, if a recent discovery in China is to be believed, 184 00:09:40,542 --> 00:09:44,375 then it could be that we share our world... 185 00:09:44,542 --> 00:09:47,208 with dragons. 186 00:09:55,917 --> 00:09:59,333 In a rural community 120 miles from Beijing, 187 00:09:59,500 --> 00:10:02,583 residents make an extraordinary discovery 188 00:10:02,708 --> 00:10:04,083 in a local field. 189 00:10:05,125 --> 00:10:08,667 They find a 60-foot-long set of bones 190 00:10:08,750 --> 00:10:11,792 belonging to a highly unusual animal. 191 00:10:13,042 --> 00:10:16,833 The remains unearthed in Zhangjiakou had antlers. 192 00:10:16,958 --> 00:10:21,000 It had prominent claws. It had a long serpentine body. 193 00:10:21,083 --> 00:10:25,833 So this created a huge buzz and a lot of fascination. 194 00:10:26,958 --> 00:10:29,458 A video of the strange bones went 195 00:10:29,542 --> 00:10:31,708 viral on the Internet, and researchers were 196 00:10:31,833 --> 00:10:35,167 baffled as they attempted to identify the bizarre creature. 197 00:10:35,292 --> 00:10:37,208 But many local villagers 198 00:10:37,333 --> 00:10:39,833 insisted that the bones were the remains... 199 00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:41,708 of a dragon. 200 00:10:41,875 --> 00:10:45,333 Dragons are a huge part of a lot of Asian culture, 201 00:10:45,458 --> 00:10:46,917 particularly Chinese culture. 202 00:10:47,042 --> 00:10:49,708 They are a tremendously important symbol 203 00:10:49,875 --> 00:10:52,125 for many, many people 204 00:10:53,083 --> 00:10:55,000 Dragons are perhaps one 205 00:10:55,083 --> 00:10:58,125 of the most defining elements of Chinese cultural lore. 206 00:10:58,208 --> 00:11:01,250 And they have been for thousands of years. 207 00:11:01,375 --> 00:11:03,917 Dragons symbolize knowledge, 208 00:11:04,042 --> 00:11:05,708 wisdom, uh... 209 00:11:05,875 --> 00:11:08,458 otherworldly power even. 210 00:11:08,542 --> 00:11:11,542 A lot of the early imperial families 211 00:11:11,708 --> 00:11:13,917 drew their authority from associating themselves 212 00:11:14,042 --> 00:11:17,417 with dragon blood or portraying themselves 213 00:11:17,542 --> 00:11:19,833 as descendants of dragons. 214 00:11:19,917 --> 00:11:21,958 So dragons are a very, um... 215 00:11:22,042 --> 00:11:26,417 present creature in Chinese cultural imagination. 216 00:11:26,542 --> 00:11:28,875 Mainstream scientists 217 00:11:29,042 --> 00:11:30,934 remain skeptical as to whether or not the skeleton 218 00:11:30,958 --> 00:11:33,167 that was discovered in 2017 219 00:11:33,292 --> 00:11:35,542 belonged to a real dragon. 220 00:11:35,667 --> 00:11:39,167 But the media frenzy sparked by its discovery 221 00:11:39,250 --> 00:11:42,833 suggested that many people, not only in China 222 00:11:42,917 --> 00:11:44,750 but throughout the world, 223 00:11:44,875 --> 00:11:48,833 believe in the existence of dragons. 224 00:11:49,000 --> 00:11:51,833 We have dragons everywhere 225 00:11:51,958 --> 00:11:54,875 in time and in different cultures. 226 00:11:55,000 --> 00:11:58,042 And it is fascinating, because some of these 227 00:11:58,208 --> 00:12:01,208 cultures never met, they never had contact within history. 228 00:12:02,375 --> 00:12:06,500 So the pervasiveness of dragon myths in cultures 229 00:12:06,583 --> 00:12:12,500 across many folkloric contexts is probably no accident. 230 00:12:12,625 --> 00:12:15,125 Dragons are one of the more fantastic 231 00:12:15,208 --> 00:12:18,667 creatures to study in mythology and folklore and legends 232 00:12:18,792 --> 00:12:21,667 because they're so widespread. 233 00:12:21,792 --> 00:12:24,750 They're a big part of our Western culture. 234 00:12:24,875 --> 00:12:27,167 Satan is described as a dragon in some 235 00:12:27,292 --> 00:12:29,042 passages in the Bible. 236 00:12:29,208 --> 00:12:32,333 They're one of the most powerful animal 237 00:12:32,417 --> 00:12:34,708 gods in Aboriginal mythology. 238 00:12:34,875 --> 00:12:38,583 We have dragons in Ethiopian iconography. 239 00:12:38,708 --> 00:12:40,167 And one of the fascinating things is, 240 00:12:40,333 --> 00:12:42,667 representations of what a dragon is supposed 241 00:12:42,792 --> 00:12:46,917 to look like remains remarkably consistent over time. 242 00:12:47,042 --> 00:12:50,833 What's really remarkable is that, if we consider 243 00:12:50,917 --> 00:12:52,726 all of these different influences that may have 244 00:12:52,750 --> 00:12:54,375 contributed to the dragon legends, 245 00:12:54,542 --> 00:12:58,125 they're all typically portrayed as being reptilian 246 00:12:58,208 --> 00:13:03,000 in nature, having scales and claws, often wings that are 247 00:13:03,083 --> 00:13:07,292 very bat-like or membranous in nature, a long reptilian tail 248 00:13:07,417 --> 00:13:11,083 with a strange structure or a spike or a stinger on the end, 249 00:13:11,208 --> 00:13:15,667 very sharp teeth, the ability to breathe fire. 250 00:13:15,792 --> 00:13:19,375 And so we have to consider the possibility 251 00:13:19,500 --> 00:13:23,417 that at least some of these dragon legends could be based on 252 00:13:23,542 --> 00:13:27,167 some type of extraordinary and perhaps unknown animal. 253 00:13:27,250 --> 00:13:30,917 Is it possible that the many dragons described 254 00:13:31,042 --> 00:13:33,708 in legends throughout the world weren't 255 00:13:33,833 --> 00:13:36,917 just fictional but were actually real? 256 00:13:38,125 --> 00:13:40,375 Perhaps the answer lies in examining some 257 00:13:40,542 --> 00:13:43,083 of the historical accounts in which people have 258 00:13:43,208 --> 00:13:47,042 claimed to have had encounters with actual dragons. 259 00:13:48,375 --> 00:13:51,667 In bygone centuries, encounters with dragons 260 00:13:51,750 --> 00:13:55,042 were not considered to be fables or tall tales. 261 00:13:56,125 --> 00:13:57,667 They were written down and documented 262 00:13:57,750 --> 00:13:59,292 as historical fact. 263 00:13:59,417 --> 00:14:02,083 They were told as real stories of encounters 264 00:14:02,208 --> 00:14:05,292 with mysterious flesh and blood animals. 265 00:14:05,375 --> 00:14:08,000 In the eighth century, there's an example 266 00:14:08,083 --> 00:14:11,958 recorded by, uh, St. John of Damascus... 267 00:14:13,125 --> 00:14:16,792 where the Roman army is immensely surprised 268 00:14:16,875 --> 00:14:20,542 when a large creature described as a dragon 269 00:14:20,667 --> 00:14:23,125 rises up behind them. 270 00:14:23,250 --> 00:14:26,625 They fight and ultimately slay the creature. 271 00:14:26,750 --> 00:14:30,500 And they skin it and they send the skin back to Rome. 272 00:14:31,875 --> 00:14:34,542 People took this extremely seriously 273 00:14:34,667 --> 00:14:36,500 up to the early modern period. 274 00:14:37,875 --> 00:14:40,333 A city in Germany called Worms 275 00:14:40,417 --> 00:14:43,167 is famous for its dragon fighter. 276 00:14:43,333 --> 00:14:46,667 In the 16th, 17th, and 18th century, 277 00:14:46,792 --> 00:14:51,750 they hung up dragon bones all across the city 278 00:14:51,875 --> 00:14:55,083 to prove that dragons are real. 279 00:14:57,458 --> 00:14:59,917 Do the many historical reports of dragons prove 280 00:15:00,042 --> 00:15:04,083 that these legendary beasts were, in fact, real? 281 00:15:05,000 --> 00:15:07,208 Perhaps, but if so, 282 00:15:07,333 --> 00:15:09,167 then it naturally begs the question... 283 00:15:09,292 --> 00:15:12,500 could giant, winged serpents 284 00:15:12,583 --> 00:15:15,083 still exist today? 285 00:15:15,208 --> 00:15:18,542 According to some researchers, the answer is yes. 286 00:15:20,083 --> 00:15:22,833 And as evidence, they point to numerous sightings 287 00:15:22,958 --> 00:15:26,792 in the early 20th century of a flying creature 288 00:15:26,875 --> 00:15:29,542 that was known as the Van Meter Visitor. 289 00:15:31,167 --> 00:15:34,667 In the early 1900s, a town in Iowa, 290 00:15:34,833 --> 00:15:36,667 the small town of Van Meter, Iowa, 291 00:15:36,792 --> 00:15:41,708 was plagued by a giant eight-foot, bat-like creature 292 00:15:41,833 --> 00:15:45,000 with huge leather bat-like wings, 293 00:15:45,167 --> 00:15:49,208 and it had a horn on its head that could project light. 294 00:15:49,333 --> 00:15:52,208 For five nights, it terrorized this small town. 295 00:15:52,333 --> 00:15:55,167 And on the fifth night, during thunderstorms, 296 00:15:55,292 --> 00:15:58,708 it appeared with a smaller version of itself, 297 00:15:58,875 --> 00:16:01,708 perhaps the female gender or the offspring, 298 00:16:01,875 --> 00:16:06,375 before descending back into the coal mine and disappearing, 299 00:16:06,542 --> 00:16:09,333 never to be seen in Van Meter again. 300 00:16:11,667 --> 00:16:14,333 What was the mysterious dragon-like creature 301 00:16:14,417 --> 00:16:17,875 that terrorized the residents of Van Meter, Iowa? 302 00:16:18,042 --> 00:16:19,917 Some researchers believe a clue can be found 303 00:16:20,042 --> 00:16:22,292 in the fossil record. 304 00:16:22,375 --> 00:16:26,542 Beginning in the Triassic period 220 million years ago, 305 00:16:26,667 --> 00:16:28,750 there was an animal out there that actually 306 00:16:28,875 --> 00:16:30,625 looked like a dragon. 307 00:16:32,000 --> 00:16:34,167 So-called pterosaurs, which were these winged 308 00:16:34,292 --> 00:16:37,292 reptiles that endured for 150 million years 309 00:16:37,417 --> 00:16:40,125 and ruled the skies of our planet 310 00:16:40,208 --> 00:16:43,125 and then went extinct at the end of the Cretaceous. 311 00:16:43,208 --> 00:16:46,125 But isn't it interesting that we have modern accounts 312 00:16:46,208 --> 00:16:50,042 and sightings of something that looks like a living dragon? 313 00:16:50,167 --> 00:16:53,000 A reptilian creature with a long tail, 314 00:16:53,125 --> 00:16:56,208 presumably scales, leathery wings, 315 00:16:56,375 --> 00:16:58,417 sharp teeth. 316 00:16:58,542 --> 00:17:01,208 As improbable as it seems, if, in fact, 317 00:17:01,333 --> 00:17:03,833 pterosaurs had managed to endure 318 00:17:03,917 --> 00:17:06,333 throughout history up until modern times, 319 00:17:06,458 --> 00:17:08,875 their existence would most certainly explain 320 00:17:09,042 --> 00:17:12,000 the dragon legends of the world. 321 00:17:13,167 --> 00:17:16,333 Is it possible that the numerous accounts of dragons 322 00:17:16,458 --> 00:17:19,333 throughout history were actually encounters 323 00:17:19,458 --> 00:17:23,958 with dinosaurs that somehow survived extinction? 324 00:17:24,042 --> 00:17:26,708 It's an incredible notion. 325 00:17:26,875 --> 00:17:29,167 But no more extraordinary 326 00:17:29,250 --> 00:17:32,292 than new evidence which suggests 327 00:17:32,417 --> 00:17:36,500 that a fearsome monster might be lurking in the ocean. 328 00:17:36,625 --> 00:17:38,958 A beast known as... 329 00:17:39,042 --> 00:17:41,250 the kraken. 330 00:17:46,292 --> 00:17:48,750 Deep in these cold, turbulent waters, 331 00:17:48,875 --> 00:17:50,833 located south of Japan, 332 00:17:50,917 --> 00:17:56,167 live some of the most mysterious marine species on Earth. 333 00:17:57,375 --> 00:18:02,083 And at approximately 9:15 a.m. on September 30, 2004, 334 00:18:02,208 --> 00:18:05,083 scientists monitoring a digital camera more than a half 335 00:18:05,208 --> 00:18:07,250 a mile below the ocean's surface 336 00:18:07,375 --> 00:18:09,542 captured images of a creature 337 00:18:09,667 --> 00:18:13,458 that had never been photographed underwater before. 338 00:18:14,583 --> 00:18:16,333 The giant squid. 339 00:18:18,833 --> 00:18:22,500 When the picture came out, we, we as a scientific community 340 00:18:22,667 --> 00:18:25,917 were very excited because we've only had 341 00:18:26,042 --> 00:18:29,083 all these myths and legends and sea stories before this. 342 00:18:29,208 --> 00:18:32,292 So, to get photographs was really exciting 343 00:18:32,375 --> 00:18:34,167 because that was actually the first time 344 00:18:34,292 --> 00:18:36,792 that we have seen images of a live giant squid 345 00:18:36,875 --> 00:18:38,833 in its natural environment. 346 00:18:38,958 --> 00:18:40,125 It was a big deal. 347 00:18:40,208 --> 00:18:42,292 In 2019, 348 00:18:42,375 --> 00:18:44,167 another team of marine biologists 349 00:18:44,250 --> 00:18:47,167 recorded stunning video of a giant squid 350 00:18:47,292 --> 00:18:49,750 for only the second time in history. 351 00:18:51,167 --> 00:18:54,333 The footage, filmed at a depth of 2,500 feet, 352 00:18:54,417 --> 00:18:57,417 shows a 12-foot long giant squid 353 00:18:57,542 --> 00:19:01,583 attempting to devour a lure shaped like a jellyfish. 354 00:19:01,708 --> 00:19:05,167 It was the best insight thus far into the behavior 355 00:19:05,250 --> 00:19:09,625 of these elusive creatures that remain shrouded in mystery. 356 00:19:11,875 --> 00:19:16,083 Because we have such little information about them, 357 00:19:16,208 --> 00:19:18,458 one of the major ways they were finding 358 00:19:18,542 --> 00:19:20,684 evidence of the giant squid out in the oceans is actually 359 00:19:20,708 --> 00:19:22,667 from the stomach contents of whales. 360 00:19:23,708 --> 00:19:27,292 Giant squid have eight arms, two tentacles, 361 00:19:27,375 --> 00:19:30,333 and at the end of those tentacles, there are clubs, 362 00:19:30,417 --> 00:19:33,958 and those clubs will bring in prey towards the mouth, 363 00:19:34,042 --> 00:19:35,667 which is this beak-like structure 364 00:19:35,792 --> 00:19:37,583 that has these little rasping little 365 00:19:37,708 --> 00:19:40,500 teeth-like structures inside, called the radula, that help 366 00:19:40,583 --> 00:19:43,375 break food down that the squid is bringing in to digest. 367 00:19:44,500 --> 00:19:47,792 We believe they get to be about 40 to 45 feet long, 368 00:19:47,875 --> 00:19:51,417 about the size of the traditional yellow school buses. 369 00:19:52,500 --> 00:19:54,542 Modern scientists continue to search 370 00:19:54,667 --> 00:19:56,750 for giant squid lurking in the depths, 371 00:19:56,875 --> 00:20:01,417 in hopes of learning more about these massive predators. 372 00:20:02,625 --> 00:20:05,083 But for centuries, sailors from around the world 373 00:20:05,208 --> 00:20:08,583 told stories of a mysterious squid-like monster 374 00:20:08,708 --> 00:20:12,708 that was much larger and more ferocious. 375 00:20:12,833 --> 00:20:16,542 It was known as the kraken. 376 00:20:19,208 --> 00:20:23,708 If you've ever seen old sailing maps, and you see the monsters, 377 00:20:23,833 --> 00:20:26,917 you would see a representation of the kraken, 378 00:20:27,042 --> 00:20:32,333 a giant squid-like creature that would not only capsize 379 00:20:32,458 --> 00:20:36,167 and sink boats but would devour the crew 380 00:20:36,250 --> 00:20:39,167 and had an insatiable hunger for human flesh. 381 00:20:39,250 --> 00:20:42,208 The kraken was believed to be the most diabolical 382 00:20:42,375 --> 00:20:44,375 and evil of all the sea monsters. 383 00:20:44,500 --> 00:20:48,667 In 1555, the Swedish cartographer 384 00:20:48,750 --> 00:20:51,500 Olaus Magnus first began to write about a multiarmed 385 00:20:51,583 --> 00:20:53,875 sea monster that lived off the coast of Norway, 386 00:20:54,000 --> 00:20:56,917 and would often attack boats, 387 00:20:57,042 --> 00:20:59,500 pulling sailors off of ships. 388 00:20:59,583 --> 00:21:01,417 And it was even described as creating 389 00:21:01,542 --> 00:21:03,458 such a massive whirlpool 390 00:21:03,583 --> 00:21:07,167 that it would actually suck ships deep into the ocean. 391 00:21:07,250 --> 00:21:09,333 We have some accounts from whalemen 392 00:21:09,458 --> 00:21:12,333 from the 1840s and 1850s reporting things 393 00:21:12,417 --> 00:21:15,417 floating by that were over 100, 150 feet long. 394 00:21:15,542 --> 00:21:19,458 And then, in 1861, a French Navy vessel, 395 00:21:19,542 --> 00:21:22,000 the Alecton, actually spotted 396 00:21:22,083 --> 00:21:24,917 a large kraken, 397 00:21:25,042 --> 00:21:28,667 or what they believed to be a kraken, floating at the surface. 398 00:21:28,792 --> 00:21:31,125 They didn't want to launch a small boat because 399 00:21:31,208 --> 00:21:32,833 they were afraid that the tentacles 400 00:21:32,917 --> 00:21:34,167 would endanger the sailors. 401 00:21:34,333 --> 00:21:37,000 And so, they got as close as they could. 402 00:21:37,125 --> 00:21:38,583 They started to shoot the animal. 403 00:21:38,708 --> 00:21:40,500 They harpooned the animal. 404 00:21:40,583 --> 00:21:42,983 They got a noose, and they tried to lift it out of the water. 405 00:21:44,250 --> 00:21:46,667 But then the animal just sunk. 406 00:21:48,750 --> 00:21:51,667 If we consider that these kraken accounts from 407 00:21:51,792 --> 00:21:55,042 centuries past were taken as historical fact, 408 00:21:55,208 --> 00:21:57,375 what could these animals represent? 409 00:21:57,542 --> 00:22:00,583 And, although we've scientifically documented that 410 00:22:00,708 --> 00:22:04,083 these giant squids can obtain lengths of up to 50 feet, 411 00:22:04,208 --> 00:22:06,667 it is not beyond scientific possibility 412 00:22:06,792 --> 00:22:09,167 that they could get much, much larger. 413 00:22:09,250 --> 00:22:13,625 So, it's certainly possible that somewhere out there exists 414 00:22:13,708 --> 00:22:16,917 a squid of kraken-type proportions. 415 00:22:18,625 --> 00:22:21,583 Is it possible that the kraken does, in fact, exist? 416 00:22:21,708 --> 00:22:25,167 And if so, could it be a bigger and more monstrous 417 00:22:25,292 --> 00:22:29,083 relative of the giant squid, as some believe? 418 00:22:29,208 --> 00:22:31,500 Perhaps the answer may be found by examining 419 00:22:31,625 --> 00:22:35,375 a modern encounter with what may have been 420 00:22:35,500 --> 00:22:37,708 a real-life kraken. 421 00:22:39,958 --> 00:22:42,833 The Pacific Ocean. 1978. 422 00:22:42,917 --> 00:22:47,542 The United States naval frigate the USS Stein is on patrol, 423 00:22:47,708 --> 00:22:51,458 when it is suddenly attacked from beneath the waves. 424 00:22:54,250 --> 00:22:57,542 In 1978, the U.S. vessel the USS Stein 425 00:22:57,667 --> 00:22:59,583 was out patrolling the waters... 426 00:23:01,167 --> 00:23:05,833 when some unknown creature disabled its sonar dome. 427 00:23:05,958 --> 00:23:09,417 They had to go into port, and they discovered 428 00:23:09,542 --> 00:23:12,292 that the heavy rubber coating 429 00:23:12,375 --> 00:23:14,833 of the sonar dome was torn to shreds. 430 00:23:14,958 --> 00:23:19,625 There were giant claw marks on the rubber, 431 00:23:19,708 --> 00:23:22,750 the longest of which was over four feet in length. 432 00:23:22,875 --> 00:23:26,333 Even more puzzling, researchers found 433 00:23:26,417 --> 00:23:28,125 hooked sharp claws 434 00:23:28,208 --> 00:23:30,625 embedded into the rubber coating. 435 00:23:32,125 --> 00:23:34,833 We know that squids actually have these types of teeth, 436 00:23:34,958 --> 00:23:38,792 or claws if you will, lining their suckers. 437 00:23:38,875 --> 00:23:41,000 And so, for a squid claw of this size, 438 00:23:41,125 --> 00:23:43,500 we could imagine that the squid that created 439 00:23:43,583 --> 00:23:45,375 this damage on this sonar dome 440 00:23:45,500 --> 00:23:47,333 must have been monstrous in proportion. 441 00:23:47,500 --> 00:23:49,917 So, they took it to the naval biologist 442 00:23:50,042 --> 00:23:52,833 and they tried to identify what this could be. 443 00:23:52,917 --> 00:23:56,333 But this was a much larger claw and 444 00:23:56,458 --> 00:23:58,917 not easily connected to a current known species. 445 00:24:00,167 --> 00:24:02,667 Biologists don't know for sure, but they do believe 446 00:24:02,833 --> 00:24:05,250 that it's quite possible that there are large squid species 447 00:24:05,375 --> 00:24:06,833 that we have yet to identify. 448 00:24:06,917 --> 00:24:09,375 Could there be giant squid that are 449 00:24:09,500 --> 00:24:11,958 100, 150 feet long? 450 00:24:12,042 --> 00:24:15,375 We just really don't know. 451 00:24:15,500 --> 00:24:19,542 Could colossal, 150-foot-long squid 452 00:24:19,667 --> 00:24:22,083 actually be lurking in the depths? 453 00:24:23,458 --> 00:24:26,333 Perhaps. And it turns out there may be 454 00:24:26,417 --> 00:24:28,458 an even more powerful creature 455 00:24:28,542 --> 00:24:30,375 dwelling in our oceans. 456 00:24:30,542 --> 00:24:31,875 A giant whale 457 00:24:32,042 --> 00:24:38,708 with a taste for revenge. 458 00:24:38,833 --> 00:24:40,184 In the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, 459 00:24:40,208 --> 00:24:42,750 about 850 miles from the coast of Portugal, 460 00:24:42,875 --> 00:24:47,125 lies a tiny chain of islands known as the Azores. 461 00:24:47,250 --> 00:24:51,333 The Azores are famous for being one of the best places in 462 00:24:51,417 --> 00:24:53,375 the world to witness the breathtaking sight 463 00:24:53,542 --> 00:24:56,500 of massive sperm whales leaping out of the sea 464 00:24:56,667 --> 00:25:00,417 and crashing back beneath the waves. 465 00:25:00,542 --> 00:25:03,208 Sperm whales are just extraordinary animals. 466 00:25:04,917 --> 00:25:08,458 They can get up to 65, 70 feet long. 467 00:25:08,542 --> 00:25:10,833 They're the largest predator on Earth. 468 00:25:10,958 --> 00:25:13,125 They can make the loudest sound 469 00:25:13,250 --> 00:25:16,333 of any living organism on Earth, 470 00:25:16,500 --> 00:25:18,458 this clang that they make 471 00:25:18,542 --> 00:25:21,875 that can be heard over 12 miles away. 472 00:25:22,000 --> 00:25:25,542 They can go over a thousand feet deep. 473 00:25:25,708 --> 00:25:29,125 They can stay underwater more than two hours. 474 00:25:29,250 --> 00:25:33,792 Most of their life is spent in the dark, underwater, 475 00:25:33,875 --> 00:25:37,500 and yet they're breathing, warm-blooded mammals. 476 00:25:39,250 --> 00:25:41,375 The largest sperm whales are estimated 477 00:25:41,542 --> 00:25:43,625 to weigh an astonishing 80 tons. 478 00:25:43,708 --> 00:25:46,333 And while these massive creatures 479 00:25:46,458 --> 00:25:48,708 may seem quite passive today, 480 00:25:48,875 --> 00:25:52,375 in the 19th century, sperm whales were actually 481 00:25:52,542 --> 00:25:54,583 hunted all over the world, 482 00:25:54,708 --> 00:25:58,167 and sailors considered them to be powerful 483 00:25:58,292 --> 00:26:00,500 and deadly monsters. 484 00:26:01,708 --> 00:26:03,833 The whaling industry, uh, for a while, 485 00:26:04,000 --> 00:26:05,792 was the big industry in the world, 486 00:26:05,875 --> 00:26:09,792 sort of like the petrochemical industry of its day, 487 00:26:09,875 --> 00:26:12,667 because streetlamps ran on whale oil. 488 00:26:12,833 --> 00:26:15,333 And so, the whaling industry had 489 00:26:15,458 --> 00:26:17,792 a huge impact in global history. 490 00:26:18,833 --> 00:26:20,500 In the mid-1800s, 491 00:26:20,667 --> 00:26:24,083 there were over 650 American whaling ships sailing 492 00:26:24,208 --> 00:26:26,250 all around the world in every single ocean 493 00:26:26,375 --> 00:26:29,750 to hunt sperm whales and burning the blubber out 494 00:26:29,875 --> 00:26:32,083 into oil to put into barrels, 495 00:26:32,208 --> 00:26:35,250 and then bringing it home to light lamps, 496 00:26:35,375 --> 00:26:39,833 to lubricate small machinery, to create candles. 497 00:26:40,000 --> 00:26:42,458 It was a very bloody operation to be a whaler, 498 00:26:42,583 --> 00:26:44,208 to be chasing these things. 499 00:26:44,375 --> 00:26:47,042 And during that time period, we have various legends 500 00:26:47,167 --> 00:26:50,792 throughout the world as sailors and shipmen would come across 501 00:26:50,917 --> 00:26:52,625 these fantastically large creatures 502 00:26:52,750 --> 00:26:55,833 that sometimes would destroy boats. 503 00:26:55,958 --> 00:26:57,333 They would swallow people. 504 00:26:57,500 --> 00:26:59,958 They could become wild and dangerous 505 00:27:00,042 --> 00:27:02,708 and aggressive. 506 00:27:02,833 --> 00:27:04,708 Perhaps the most famous story 507 00:27:04,833 --> 00:27:06,667 inspired by legends of monster whales 508 00:27:06,792 --> 00:27:10,042 is the classic American novel Moby-Dick. 509 00:27:10,167 --> 00:27:13,375 Written by Herman Melville in 1851, 510 00:27:13,542 --> 00:27:16,750 the novel told the story of Captain Ahab, 511 00:27:16,875 --> 00:27:19,500 a maimed whaler obsessed with hunting down 512 00:27:19,625 --> 00:27:21,208 and killing his nemesis, 513 00:27:21,375 --> 00:27:23,500 a giant white sperm whale 514 00:27:23,625 --> 00:27:26,125 known as Moby Dick. 515 00:27:27,875 --> 00:27:32,417 Moby Dick is possessed with human intelligence and cunning. 516 00:27:32,542 --> 00:27:33,833 It's vengeful. 517 00:27:33,958 --> 00:27:36,667 It wants revenge at the whalers 518 00:27:36,750 --> 00:27:39,542 and Captain Ahab that went out looking to hunt 519 00:27:39,667 --> 00:27:42,167 and kill this monster. 520 00:27:42,250 --> 00:27:45,750 In the novel, Melville makes it clear that 521 00:27:45,875 --> 00:27:47,667 Moby Dick is intelligent, 522 00:27:47,750 --> 00:27:50,375 he's malicious, 523 00:27:50,542 --> 00:27:54,083 he's devious, he's malignant. 524 00:27:54,208 --> 00:27:57,083 Moby Dick will sort of lure sailors along 525 00:27:57,208 --> 00:28:00,333 and then quickly turn around and smash their boat. 526 00:28:00,458 --> 00:28:03,667 As one of the great American novels, Moby-Dick, 527 00:28:03,833 --> 00:28:06,292 uh, has received a lot of attention 528 00:28:06,417 --> 00:28:07,875 about the great white whale. 529 00:28:08,000 --> 00:28:11,333 Most people see this as an allegory, 530 00:28:11,458 --> 00:28:16,000 but it demonstrates the fear that people had of whales, 531 00:28:16,083 --> 00:28:20,875 and many believe it was based on actual sightings. 532 00:28:22,542 --> 00:28:26,917 Is it possible that Moby Dick was based on a real whale 533 00:28:27,042 --> 00:28:29,458 that would attack 19th century whaling ships 534 00:28:29,542 --> 00:28:32,375 in an act of revenge? 535 00:28:32,500 --> 00:28:35,958 Perhaps the answer can be found by examining actual 536 00:28:36,083 --> 00:28:40,000 historical accounts from the 19th century which suggest that, 537 00:28:40,167 --> 00:28:44,083 during this period of time, monstrous whales 538 00:28:44,208 --> 00:28:47,083 were more than just fictional characters. 539 00:28:47,208 --> 00:28:50,167 In 1819, the whaleship Essex leaves 540 00:28:50,333 --> 00:28:53,292 out of Nantucket Island with about 20 people on board. 541 00:28:53,417 --> 00:28:56,083 One day, the first mate 542 00:28:56,208 --> 00:28:58,833 sees an exceptionally large male sperm whale 543 00:28:59,000 --> 00:29:01,667 actually coming towards his ship. 544 00:29:01,792 --> 00:29:04,208 He estimates this whale to be over 80 feet long. 545 00:29:04,333 --> 00:29:07,625 And the whale actually comes and hits 546 00:29:07,708 --> 00:29:09,250 the hull of the whaleship. 547 00:29:09,375 --> 00:29:13,250 It goes underneath and aims for the ship a second time 548 00:29:13,375 --> 00:29:17,583 and this time rams the Essex so hard 549 00:29:17,708 --> 00:29:19,792 that it actually puts a hole in the hull, 550 00:29:19,917 --> 00:29:22,833 and they watch their ship go down. 551 00:29:24,667 --> 00:29:27,083 At the time, there was another real story 552 00:29:27,208 --> 00:29:29,125 of a whale called Mocha Dick, 553 00:29:29,250 --> 00:29:31,875 that Herman Melville was certainly well acquainted with 554 00:29:32,000 --> 00:29:34,500 and was the inspiration for the name Moby Dick. 555 00:29:34,625 --> 00:29:36,958 Mocha Dick was another whale 556 00:29:37,042 --> 00:29:39,667 that, uh, supposedly had turned on humans, 557 00:29:39,792 --> 00:29:42,125 attacking them and destroying several ships. 558 00:29:42,208 --> 00:29:44,250 There was a belief that this one whale 559 00:29:44,375 --> 00:29:47,875 took it upon itself to attack these whaling ships. 560 00:29:49,292 --> 00:29:52,042 Whalemen were recognizing that sperm whales were adjusting 561 00:29:52,208 --> 00:29:53,792 their behavior based on hunting. 562 00:29:53,917 --> 00:29:57,792 The whales got harpooned, they were afraid, 563 00:29:57,917 --> 00:30:00,667 they were terrified, they responded, and they 564 00:30:00,792 --> 00:30:02,292 smashed these whaleboats to bits. 565 00:30:03,708 --> 00:30:06,228 It certainly makes sense that whales defended themselves 566 00:30:06,292 --> 00:30:09,042 when they were hunted by humans trying to kill them. 567 00:30:10,208 --> 00:30:13,167 But is it possible that, in the 19th century, 568 00:30:13,250 --> 00:30:16,375 there was a whale that actually possessed the intelligence 569 00:30:16,542 --> 00:30:20,417 to methodically stalk and attack whaling ships 570 00:30:20,542 --> 00:30:22,458 in a premeditated fashion, 571 00:30:22,542 --> 00:30:25,500 like in the story of Moby Dick? 572 00:30:25,583 --> 00:30:29,167 There's no question that sperm whales are intelligent animals. 573 00:30:30,875 --> 00:30:32,833 We've observed them teaching their young. 574 00:30:33,000 --> 00:30:35,000 We've observed them learning things 575 00:30:35,125 --> 00:30:36,833 over the course of their lifetime. 576 00:30:36,917 --> 00:30:39,500 They can communicate with each other. 577 00:30:39,625 --> 00:30:41,667 They can recognize individuals. 578 00:30:41,750 --> 00:30:45,292 About a third of their body is their head. 579 00:30:45,375 --> 00:30:47,667 They've got the largest brain on Earth, 580 00:30:47,792 --> 00:30:50,542 17 pounds of brain. 581 00:30:50,708 --> 00:30:53,083 Now, whether a sperm whale 582 00:30:53,208 --> 00:30:55,667 can feel emotions like hate or vengeance, 583 00:30:55,792 --> 00:30:59,542 it's certainly something that Melville explores in Moby-Dick, 584 00:30:59,667 --> 00:31:03,417 and it's a question that will continue to fascinate people 585 00:31:03,542 --> 00:31:06,458 as we're learning about animal behaviors. 586 00:31:06,583 --> 00:31:10,083 The notion that an 80-ton whale could suddenly decide 587 00:31:10,208 --> 00:31:13,000 to attack a ship is certainly terrifying, 588 00:31:13,167 --> 00:31:16,625 but there is another elusive beast 589 00:31:16,750 --> 00:31:18,667 who lurks beneath the water. 590 00:31:18,792 --> 00:31:21,958 Not in the ocean but in a quiet lake 591 00:31:22,083 --> 00:31:25,375 in the Scottish Highlands, and it's known as 592 00:31:25,500 --> 00:31:33,500 the Loch Ness Monster. 593 00:31:35,458 --> 00:31:38,667 On a blustery winter afternoon, 594 00:31:38,792 --> 00:31:41,000 military historian Ricky Phillips 595 00:31:41,167 --> 00:31:44,333 is walking his dogs along the misty shoreline of Loch Ness, 596 00:31:44,458 --> 00:31:47,708 when he spots a strange disturbance 597 00:31:47,875 --> 00:31:50,333 in the murky waters. 598 00:31:50,500 --> 00:31:52,958 I was walking along the line of the River Oich. 599 00:31:53,083 --> 00:31:55,333 The River Oich runs down into Loch Ness. 600 00:31:55,500 --> 00:31:58,667 It was absolutely lovely, and I went and I stopped 601 00:31:58,792 --> 00:32:00,375 and I took a photograph over it. 602 00:32:00,500 --> 00:32:04,167 I was sort of one eye on the phone, one eye on the dog. 603 00:32:04,250 --> 00:32:07,167 There was a strange noise, and my dogs went crazy. 604 00:32:07,292 --> 00:32:09,492 As I looked down, there was something in the photograph. 605 00:32:11,250 --> 00:32:14,208 The grainy image appears to show a sinuous figure 606 00:32:14,333 --> 00:32:16,917 rising from the dark gray waters of the loch. 607 00:32:17,042 --> 00:32:20,917 It's unclear what type of animal the photograph reveals. 608 00:32:21,042 --> 00:32:24,167 But many researchers analyzing the photo believe 609 00:32:24,250 --> 00:32:27,167 it could be the latest evidence that confirms 610 00:32:27,333 --> 00:32:29,833 the existence of an infamous creature 611 00:32:30,000 --> 00:32:34,000 from lore and legend that is known as 612 00:32:34,167 --> 00:32:36,958 the Loch Ness Monster. 613 00:32:37,083 --> 00:32:38,958 The Loch Ness Monster, or Nessie, 614 00:32:39,042 --> 00:32:42,375 is without a doubt the most famous or iconic monster 615 00:32:42,542 --> 00:32:46,125 that has been reported around the world. 616 00:32:46,250 --> 00:32:49,375 Stories go back decades, there have been 617 00:32:49,500 --> 00:32:51,500 thousands of eyewitness accounts. 618 00:32:51,583 --> 00:32:54,083 We have compelling photographic evidence, 619 00:32:54,208 --> 00:32:56,958 so it certainly has built 620 00:32:57,083 --> 00:32:59,000 a strong reputation 621 00:32:59,167 --> 00:33:02,625 in the world of fabulous monsters and creatures. 622 00:33:22,708 --> 00:33:25,000 Through the years, there have been hundreds of sightings. 623 00:33:25,125 --> 00:33:27,083 For example, 624 00:33:27,208 --> 00:33:30,708 on July 15, 1965, 625 00:33:30,875 --> 00:33:33,625 nine eyewitnesses observed the animal 626 00:33:33,750 --> 00:33:36,125 moving around for up to an hour. 627 00:33:36,208 --> 00:33:39,208 This involved a veteran Loch Ness investigator, 628 00:33:39,333 --> 00:33:41,833 as well as a local police sergeant 629 00:33:42,000 --> 00:33:43,625 and the local county surveyor 630 00:33:43,708 --> 00:33:45,625 and six other eyewitnesses. 631 00:33:45,708 --> 00:33:47,625 And what they all described was identical 632 00:33:47,750 --> 00:33:49,667 from different vantage points around the loch. 633 00:34:07,208 --> 00:34:09,875 Since that mass sighting in 1965, 634 00:34:10,000 --> 00:34:12,333 researchers, scientists, and even ordinary people 635 00:34:12,417 --> 00:34:14,708 have journeyed to Loch Ness 636 00:34:14,875 --> 00:34:17,542 in search of the famed monster. 637 00:34:40,958 --> 00:34:43,833 Could there really be a monster 638 00:34:43,958 --> 00:34:47,208 living in the waters of Loch Ness? 639 00:34:47,375 --> 00:34:49,375 Many researchers believe it's possible. 640 00:34:49,542 --> 00:34:54,125 And, as evidence, they point to recent sonar scans 641 00:34:54,208 --> 00:34:56,833 which reveal something enormous 642 00:34:56,958 --> 00:35:00,333 moving beneath the waters of the loch. 643 00:35:01,542 --> 00:35:04,500 The best evidence we've ever had from Loch Ness 644 00:35:04,667 --> 00:35:06,583 was a sonar contact 645 00:35:06,708 --> 00:35:08,625 taken by Ronald Mackenzie, 646 00:35:08,708 --> 00:35:12,000 who operates a boat called the Spirit of Loch Ness, 647 00:35:12,125 --> 00:35:15,875 and three years ago, he got a sonar contact, 648 00:35:16,000 --> 00:35:17,833 crystal clear sonar contact 649 00:35:17,958 --> 00:35:20,625 about 600 feet down, 650 00:35:20,708 --> 00:35:23,458 and it's there. You know, it wasn't there an hour earlier 651 00:35:23,542 --> 00:35:25,125 when he went past it on the boat, 652 00:35:25,208 --> 00:35:27,333 it wasn't there an hour later. It was there, 653 00:35:27,458 --> 00:35:31,208 then it wasn't. It's one solid object, 654 00:35:31,375 --> 00:35:33,000 the size of a transit van. 655 00:35:33,083 --> 00:35:35,875 Photographic experts came back and said, 656 00:35:36,000 --> 00:35:39,083 that is probably an animate object. 657 00:35:40,375 --> 00:35:42,535 If it's true that there's something moving deep 658 00:35:42,583 --> 00:35:46,458 within the waters of Loch Ness, then what could it be? 659 00:35:47,625 --> 00:35:50,292 Over the years, researchers have put forward 660 00:35:50,417 --> 00:35:53,708 many theories, from shapeshifting spirits 661 00:35:53,833 --> 00:35:56,792 known as kelpie found in Scottish folklore, 662 00:35:56,875 --> 00:36:00,500 to a giant, mutated eel, 663 00:36:00,667 --> 00:36:05,167 to a surviving prehistoric snake known as a Basilosaur. 664 00:36:05,333 --> 00:36:08,333 But perhaps what's most fascinating 665 00:36:08,458 --> 00:36:10,583 about the legend of the Loch Ness Monster 666 00:36:10,708 --> 00:36:13,292 is that there are reports of similar creatures 667 00:36:13,417 --> 00:36:16,125 all over the world. 668 00:36:16,208 --> 00:36:18,625 The lake monster phenomenon is not just 669 00:36:18,708 --> 00:36:20,125 relegated to Loch Ness. 670 00:36:20,208 --> 00:36:22,125 There are, in fact, similar lake monsters 671 00:36:22,208 --> 00:36:24,125 that have been reported around the world. 672 00:36:25,250 --> 00:36:28,292 Something known as the lake monster belt, 673 00:36:28,417 --> 00:36:32,042 which is lines of latitude between 40 to 60 degrees north 674 00:36:32,167 --> 00:36:33,583 in the northern hemisphere. 675 00:36:33,708 --> 00:36:36,042 And if you plot these across a map of the world, 676 00:36:36,208 --> 00:36:37,792 you'll find famous lake monsters 677 00:36:37,917 --> 00:36:40,458 all fall within these same lines of latitude. 678 00:36:40,583 --> 00:36:42,542 That is very compelling evidence. 679 00:36:43,708 --> 00:36:45,625 What we're finding is, these different 680 00:36:45,750 --> 00:36:47,500 lakes are very similar. 681 00:36:47,667 --> 00:36:50,708 Many of them are very long, relatively narrow. 682 00:36:52,042 --> 00:36:55,125 You have Champ of Lake Champlain, 683 00:36:55,250 --> 00:36:58,000 the Ogopogo monster of Okanagan Lake 684 00:36:58,167 --> 00:37:00,375 in British Columbia, 685 00:37:00,542 --> 00:37:04,333 you have the Lake Brosno creature of Russia. 686 00:37:04,417 --> 00:37:06,542 So, it's led researchers to believe 687 00:37:06,708 --> 00:37:09,542 that maybe there's something with that latitude 688 00:37:09,667 --> 00:37:12,500 that has the perfect conditions 689 00:37:12,625 --> 00:37:15,542 for such lake monsters to exist. 690 00:37:16,667 --> 00:37:20,542 The idea that there are monsters living in lakes 691 00:37:20,708 --> 00:37:25,250 all across the northern hemisphere is unsettling, 692 00:37:25,375 --> 00:37:28,625 but what's even more chilling is that some believe 693 00:37:28,708 --> 00:37:31,333 there is a monster that walks on two legs right here 694 00:37:31,417 --> 00:37:32,833 in North America. 695 00:37:32,958 --> 00:37:35,208 It's a terrifying creature 696 00:37:35,333 --> 00:37:43,333 that is known as the Dogman. 697 00:37:48,708 --> 00:37:51,833 Late one night, 16-year-old James West 698 00:37:51,958 --> 00:37:53,667 heads out to the snowy woods 699 00:37:53,750 --> 00:37:56,917 behind his property to hunt coyotes. 700 00:37:57,958 --> 00:38:00,208 He settles in beside a mound of gravel to wait 701 00:38:00,333 --> 00:38:04,875 when he sees something terrifying. 702 00:38:05,042 --> 00:38:09,167 I turned the light on, and approximately ten feet away 703 00:38:09,250 --> 00:38:12,042 is this thing on all fours, 704 00:38:12,167 --> 00:38:13,667 sniffing the ground. 705 00:38:15,042 --> 00:38:17,917 My first reaction was, "Man, that is the biggest coyote 706 00:38:18,042 --> 00:38:19,917 I have ever seen in my life." 707 00:38:20,042 --> 00:38:22,042 I mean, huge, massive head 708 00:38:22,167 --> 00:38:24,292 and long body. 709 00:38:24,375 --> 00:38:27,042 And then it looked up at me. 710 00:38:28,333 --> 00:38:30,833 And it lifted itself up onto its hind quarters. 711 00:38:30,958 --> 00:38:34,833 It was between seven foot, ten inches tall and eight foot. 712 00:38:34,958 --> 00:38:38,542 The snout was, I would say, a good six to eight inches long. 713 00:38:38,667 --> 00:38:43,000 But also massive upper arms, 714 00:38:43,083 --> 00:38:45,833 huge pectorals, like a werewolf. 715 00:38:47,250 --> 00:38:51,667 It took one step towards me, and I shot it in the chest. 716 00:38:51,750 --> 00:38:55,417 It let out a yelping sound and took off. 717 00:38:57,125 --> 00:38:59,833 And at that point I just said, "I'm out of here." 718 00:39:01,125 --> 00:39:04,667 It's been approximately 20 years since I had my encounter. 719 00:39:04,792 --> 00:39:08,042 I still have flashbacks, even though it's been 20 years. 720 00:39:08,208 --> 00:39:11,167 It made me more aware that 721 00:39:11,292 --> 00:39:14,708 there are things out there that we don't understand yet. 722 00:39:16,042 --> 00:39:19,333 James West is just one of hundreds of people 723 00:39:19,417 --> 00:39:21,417 who have reported seeing the monster 724 00:39:21,542 --> 00:39:26,000 that has come to be known as the Dogman. 725 00:39:27,333 --> 00:39:28,833 Dogman, or Dogmen, 726 00:39:28,917 --> 00:39:30,757 they're a little bit different than a werewolf. 727 00:39:30,833 --> 00:39:32,750 Usually, the idea of the werewolf is 728 00:39:32,875 --> 00:39:35,833 that they transform, um, maybe with a full Moon, 729 00:39:35,917 --> 00:39:39,042 uh, between human form and, uh, the wolf form, 730 00:39:39,167 --> 00:39:43,417 at which point they become wild and dangerous and aggressive. 731 00:39:43,542 --> 00:39:46,167 Well, Dogmen, they are Dogmen their entire lives, 732 00:39:46,250 --> 00:39:48,333 uh, so this is just who they are. 733 00:39:49,792 --> 00:39:52,042 Dogman really burst onto the scene 734 00:39:52,167 --> 00:39:54,958 in the late 1980s, early 1990s, 735 00:39:55,042 --> 00:39:58,958 when a creature from Wisconsin was seen feasting 736 00:39:59,042 --> 00:40:02,875 on roadkill and chasing cars on a lonely country road. 737 00:40:03,000 --> 00:40:05,500 Since that time, the Dogman phenomenon 738 00:40:05,583 --> 00:40:07,917 has blown up around the world. 739 00:40:09,500 --> 00:40:12,458 Is it really possible there's a half-man, half-dog monster 740 00:40:12,542 --> 00:40:14,875 roaming the wilds of North America? 741 00:40:15,000 --> 00:40:17,792 Many researchers say the answer is yes. 742 00:40:19,042 --> 00:40:21,333 And as evidence, they point to the fact that similar 743 00:40:21,458 --> 00:40:23,417 monsters have been reported 744 00:40:23,542 --> 00:40:26,792 all over the world for centuries. 745 00:40:28,000 --> 00:40:30,125 We have many reports of Dogman going back 746 00:40:30,208 --> 00:40:32,667 to European folklore. 747 00:40:32,750 --> 00:40:34,833 A really important thing to understand 748 00:40:34,917 --> 00:40:36,625 about why people believe in monsters, 749 00:40:36,708 --> 00:40:39,083 um, is that people see them. 750 00:40:39,208 --> 00:40:42,625 And I have talked to many, many people who have affirmed 751 00:40:42,708 --> 00:40:44,792 that they have seen the Dogman. 752 00:40:44,875 --> 00:40:48,417 So far, there's been no indisputable evidence 753 00:40:48,542 --> 00:40:51,875 found that proves the Dogman's existence, 754 00:40:52,042 --> 00:40:55,083 which is also the case with many other monsters 755 00:40:55,208 --> 00:40:56,875 of myth and legend. 756 00:40:57,000 --> 00:40:59,500 But for people who claim to have witnessed 757 00:40:59,583 --> 00:41:01,500 one of these creatures firsthand, 758 00:41:01,583 --> 00:41:04,542 seeing is believing. 759 00:41:05,917 --> 00:41:07,792 People have experiences 760 00:41:07,875 --> 00:41:09,667 that can be very, very powerful 761 00:41:09,792 --> 00:41:12,500 and can completely change their own belief systems. 762 00:41:12,625 --> 00:41:14,875 This brings to the front 763 00:41:15,042 --> 00:41:16,833 a really important fact about folklore. 764 00:41:16,917 --> 00:41:20,625 Saying something is a legend does not mean it's not true. 765 00:41:20,750 --> 00:41:22,958 What it means is, it hasn't been accepted 766 00:41:23,042 --> 00:41:24,292 by scientific discourse. 767 00:41:24,375 --> 00:41:26,667 So, saying something is a monster 768 00:41:26,792 --> 00:41:28,958 doesn't mean it's not real. 769 00:41:31,708 --> 00:41:34,375 Is our world full of monsters lurking 770 00:41:34,500 --> 00:41:36,792 in the shadows, waiting to be discovered? 771 00:41:36,875 --> 00:41:39,917 It may seem far-fetched, but consider this. 772 00:41:40,042 --> 00:41:42,625 We once thought creatures like the giant squid 773 00:41:42,708 --> 00:41:44,750 were mere legends, too. 774 00:41:44,875 --> 00:41:49,000 So, for the moment, we have no choice but to accept 775 00:41:49,125 --> 00:41:52,417 that the truth about Dogmen 776 00:41:52,542 --> 00:41:54,208 and lake monsters 777 00:41:54,333 --> 00:41:57,417 and dragons will remain unknown 778 00:41:57,542 --> 00:42:00,167 and unexplained. 779 00:42:02,675 --> 00:42:07,225 Repair and Synchronization by Easy Subtitles Synchronizer 1.0.0.0 62070

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