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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:03,086 --> 00:00:06,590 PAUL DAVIES: Do I believe that there is or was life on Mars? 2 00:00:06,590 --> 00:00:08,509 Yes, I'm absolutely certain of it. 3 00:00:08,509 --> 00:00:11,553 MIKE BARA: There are a lot of different objects on Mars 4 00:00:11,553 --> 00:00:13,430 that look exactly like sculptures 5 00:00:13,430 --> 00:00:15,098 that human beings make. 6 00:00:15,098 --> 00:00:17,726 GIORGIO TSOUKALOS: We have to ask ourselves 7 00:00:17,726 --> 00:00:19,978 what civilization built this? 8 00:00:19,978 --> 00:00:22,022 And what happened to them? 9 00:00:22,022 --> 00:00:24,691 JOHN BRANDENBURG: There's no natural phenomenon 10 00:00:24,691 --> 00:00:27,027 that can account for this nuclear data. 11 00:00:27,027 --> 00:00:29,780 That is weapon signature. 12 00:00:29,780 --> 00:00:32,366 STEPHEN PETRANEK: Going to Mars, it's something 13 00:00:32,366 --> 00:00:34,993 we know in somewhere in the back of our brains 14 00:00:34,993 --> 00:00:37,871 that we have to do or we die. 15 00:00:37,871 --> 00:00:41,291 NARRATOR: Since the dawn of civilization, 16 00:00:41,291 --> 00:00:45,212 mankind has credited its origins to gods 17 00:00:45,212 --> 00:00:47,798 and other visitors from the stars. 18 00:00:47,798 --> 00:00:50,217 What if it were true? 19 00:00:50,217 --> 00:00:53,262 Did extraterrestrial beings 20 00:00:53,262 --> 00:00:56,598 really help to shape our history? 21 00:00:56,598 --> 00:01:00,185 And if so, might we find the truth 22 00:01:00,185 --> 00:01:02,896 when humans land on Mars? 23 00:01:32,926 --> 00:01:34,761 MAN: We are go for launch. 24 00:01:34,761 --> 00:01:36,430 MAN 2: Roger, go for launch. 25 00:01:36,430 --> 00:01:39,933 NARRATOR: Earth, 2026. 26 00:01:39,933 --> 00:01:42,853 MAN: Five, four, three, 27 00:01:42,853 --> 00:01:45,105 two, one. 28 00:01:46,940 --> 00:01:48,984 We have ignition. 29 00:01:48,984 --> 00:01:51,570 We have lift off. 30 00:01:51,570 --> 00:01:53,780 NARRATOR: Four civilian astronauts 31 00:01:53,780 --> 00:01:57,951 begin their 150‐day journey to the Red Planet. 32 00:01:57,951 --> 00:02:01,246 MAN: Velocity 14,899 miles per hour. 33 00:02:01,246 --> 00:02:05,584 NARRATOR: The voyage will take them deeper into space 34 00:02:05,584 --> 00:02:07,336 than any human has ever traveled‐‐ 35 00:02:07,336 --> 00:02:11,048 over 128 million miles. 36 00:02:11,048 --> 00:02:14,384 200 times farther than the distance to the moon. 37 00:02:18,889 --> 00:02:21,808 BUZZ ALDRIN: You leave Earth at a pretty high velocity, 38 00:02:21,808 --> 00:02:24,478 and the spacecraft flies 39 00:02:24,478 --> 00:02:26,396 away from the Earth and away from the moon 40 00:02:26,396 --> 00:02:28,190 and away from the sun. 41 00:02:28,190 --> 00:02:31,777 The distance away may not be the biggest concern. 42 00:02:31,777 --> 00:02:35,072 And it only takes five months to get there. 43 00:02:35,072 --> 00:02:38,367 Now, you can certainly, uh, uh, withstand that. 44 00:02:38,367 --> 00:02:41,870 So the‐the problem is getting back. 45 00:02:41,870 --> 00:02:45,791 PETRANEK: They're traveling so fast 46 00:02:45,791 --> 00:02:49,086 that they can go through ten feet of solid steel. 47 00:02:49,086 --> 00:02:51,588 So a rocket has to be built 48 00:02:51,588 --> 00:02:54,966 so that it's very, very well shielded 49 00:02:54,966 --> 00:02:56,385 for human beings. 50 00:02:56,385 --> 00:02:58,095 It's not an easy trip. 51 00:02:58,095 --> 00:03:01,640 And there are momentous catastrophes 52 00:03:01,640 --> 00:03:04,559 that could occur. 53 00:03:04,559 --> 00:03:06,645 I kind of like to compare that to when the first explorers 54 00:03:06,645 --> 00:03:08,522 were going across the ocean. 55 00:03:08,522 --> 00:03:10,607 Those were long, horrible journeys as well 56 00:03:10,607 --> 00:03:11,942 and we survived those. 57 00:03:11,942 --> 00:03:14,027 And I really see Mars 58 00:03:14,027 --> 00:03:16,613 as one of the great, first stepping stones 59 00:03:16,613 --> 00:03:19,408 to exploring space. 60 00:03:19,408 --> 00:03:24,079 SUE ANN PIEN: I was born with a fascination for space. 61 00:03:24,079 --> 00:03:26,665 And the only thing I wanted to do was explore. 62 00:03:26,665 --> 00:03:28,542 I wanted to know what was out there, 63 00:03:28,542 --> 00:03:30,293 and get out there. 64 00:03:30,293 --> 00:03:33,964 And so, by the time I heard about Mars One, 65 00:03:33,964 --> 00:03:37,926 it felt like there was a calling, a destiny there. 66 00:03:37,926 --> 00:03:40,554 What an amazing way to kind of give your life 67 00:03:40,554 --> 00:03:44,224 to the greater cause of humanity. 68 00:03:44,224 --> 00:03:49,020 TSOUKALOS: We are a species of explorers. 69 00:03:49,020 --> 00:03:53,358 And the reason why we keep looking out there, 70 00:03:53,358 --> 00:03:56,862 in my opinion, is because that's where we came from. 71 00:03:56,862 --> 00:04:01,616 'Cause you will not find any other organism on Earth 72 00:04:01,616 --> 00:04:03,952 that has such a fascination with space, 73 00:04:03,952 --> 00:04:07,581 with the stars or with anything 74 00:04:07,581 --> 00:04:11,418 that displays such curiosity like human beings. 75 00:04:11,418 --> 00:04:15,505 And our next step will be colonizing Mars. 76 00:04:15,505 --> 00:04:18,216 So the idea 77 00:04:18,216 --> 00:04:21,344 that others have proposed that we are nothing else 78 00:04:21,344 --> 00:04:25,974 but the Martians, so we are bound to go there. 79 00:04:25,974 --> 00:04:30,854 NARRATOR: According to NASA, the colonization of Mars 80 00:04:30,854 --> 00:04:33,857 will begin not with humans, but with robots 81 00:04:33,857 --> 00:04:37,235 sent ahead to construct habitats, 82 00:04:37,235 --> 00:04:41,948 rovers and life‐support units. 83 00:04:41,948 --> 00:04:44,701 Food and supplies will be sent next, 84 00:04:44,701 --> 00:04:47,078 and then finally the first humans 85 00:04:47,078 --> 00:04:48,789 will arrive, 86 00:04:48,789 --> 00:04:53,752 ready to start their new lives as Martians. 87 00:04:53,752 --> 00:04:57,964 PIEN: The Martian environment is very different to Earth. 88 00:04:57,964 --> 00:05:01,384 It has 38% of the gravity of Earth. 89 00:05:01,384 --> 00:05:05,931 The daily temperature fluctuations are very extreme. 90 00:05:05,931 --> 00:05:08,600 For instance, if you're near the equator on a summer day, 91 00:05:08,600 --> 00:05:11,061 it can be as warm as 70 degrees Fahrenheit. 92 00:05:11,061 --> 00:05:13,230 But at night, the temperatures could drop down 93 00:05:13,230 --> 00:05:15,524 to minus 100 degrees Fahrenheit. 94 00:05:15,524 --> 00:05:19,027 So there's a lot of things out there that's getting us, 95 00:05:19,027 --> 00:05:23,281 including radiation, as well, and the dust storms. 96 00:05:23,281 --> 00:05:25,450 The atmosphere is incredibly thin‐‐ 97 00:05:25,450 --> 00:05:27,452 about one percent of that of Earth. 98 00:05:27,452 --> 00:05:29,830 There's no breathable oxygen there. 99 00:05:29,830 --> 00:05:33,291 The radiation is very high as well. 100 00:05:33,291 --> 00:05:35,919 And so astronauts there 101 00:05:35,919 --> 00:05:38,797 are faced with multiple difficulties. 102 00:05:38,797 --> 00:05:42,425 A Martian day is almost like Earth's. 103 00:05:42,425 --> 00:05:45,220 It's 24 hours and 39 minutes. 104 00:05:45,220 --> 00:05:48,557 So it's just a little bit longer than a day on Earth. 105 00:05:48,557 --> 00:05:51,059 But a Martian year is two years, 106 00:05:51,059 --> 00:05:54,145 because Mars' orbit is twice the size of Earth's. 107 00:05:56,022 --> 00:05:59,442 NARRATOR: Because of the day‐night cycle 108 00:05:59,442 --> 00:06:02,153 and the thin atmosphere, 109 00:06:02,153 --> 00:06:06,408 Mars is the only nearby planet where large‐scale greenhouses 110 00:06:06,408 --> 00:06:10,078 lit by natural sunlight can be utilized. 111 00:06:10,078 --> 00:06:12,664 These structures will allow the colonizers 112 00:06:12,664 --> 00:06:14,499 to grow their own food 113 00:06:14,499 --> 00:06:18,336 on the cold and barren planet. 114 00:06:18,336 --> 00:06:20,797 Obviously you can't rely on food parcels 115 00:06:20,797 --> 00:06:22,716 from home coming every two years. 116 00:06:22,716 --> 00:06:25,677 You're gonna have to grow your own food. 117 00:06:25,677 --> 00:06:27,512 A lot of people think, "Well, that's pretty straightforward. 118 00:06:27,512 --> 00:06:31,558 "You just take a few potatoes and cabbages, and away you go. 119 00:06:31,558 --> 00:06:34,311 You can do farming on Mars." 120 00:06:34,311 --> 00:06:37,063 Now, research that's been done at Arizona State University 121 00:06:37,063 --> 00:06:40,358 suggests that when you send microorganisms into space, 122 00:06:40,358 --> 00:06:42,277 they behave differently. 123 00:06:42,277 --> 00:06:44,863 They don't like it up there. 124 00:06:44,863 --> 00:06:48,867 Hundreds, if not thousands, of PhD theses 125 00:06:48,867 --> 00:06:51,286 in the last 20 years have been written 126 00:06:51,286 --> 00:06:54,080 about how to grow food on Mars. 127 00:06:54,080 --> 00:06:56,499 And there was a very interesting experiment 128 00:06:56,499 --> 00:06:58,918 done a couple of years ago in Holland, 129 00:06:58,918 --> 00:07:01,838 where NASA provided the Dutch with what they thought 130 00:07:01,838 --> 00:07:05,592 was almost an identical copy of the soil on Mars. 131 00:07:05,592 --> 00:07:08,803 And the Dutch planted 4,200 seeds in it, 132 00:07:08,803 --> 00:07:11,139 of all kinds of different vegetables. 133 00:07:11,139 --> 00:07:13,141 And every single seed germinated. 134 00:07:13,141 --> 00:07:14,934 Some things did better than others‐‐ 135 00:07:14,934 --> 00:07:17,646 like carrots grew very well there. 136 00:07:17,646 --> 00:07:19,356 There is no question that we will 137 00:07:19,356 --> 00:07:22,525 be able to grow food on Mars. 138 00:07:22,525 --> 00:07:26,196 But it's gonna be hundreds of years before we grow 139 00:07:26,196 --> 00:07:30,367 enough food on Mars that we can survive from the food we grow. 140 00:07:30,367 --> 00:07:33,161 The only way we're gonna be able to do that 141 00:07:33,161 --> 00:07:36,706 is to terraform the planet, so that it becomes much 142 00:07:36,706 --> 00:07:38,416 more Earth‐like so that we can grow crops 143 00:07:38,416 --> 00:07:41,836 on the surface of the planet. 144 00:07:41,836 --> 00:07:44,130 NARRATOR: In recent years, 145 00:07:44,130 --> 00:07:48,218 scientists have proposed various methods to terraform Mars, 146 00:07:48,218 --> 00:07:52,222 deliberately altering it to be more Earth‐like. 147 00:07:52,222 --> 00:07:56,309 Most focus on melting the ice at the poles 148 00:07:56,309 --> 00:08:01,106 to release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere to thicken it. 149 00:08:01,106 --> 00:08:04,984 PETRANEK: If we heat up the poles on Mars, 150 00:08:04,984 --> 00:08:07,946 that causes a significant temperature rise on Mars, 151 00:08:07,946 --> 00:08:10,448 and we start having flowing water on Mars, 152 00:08:10,448 --> 00:08:12,158 especially around the equator. 153 00:08:12,158 --> 00:08:14,661 Then water itself will go into the atmosphere, 154 00:08:14,661 --> 00:08:16,746 which is another greenhouse gas. 155 00:08:16,746 --> 00:08:19,582 And we will warm up Mars. 156 00:08:19,582 --> 00:08:22,711 And we will be able to plant crops on the surface of Mars. 157 00:08:22,711 --> 00:08:24,671 But that's a ways away. 158 00:08:24,671 --> 00:08:28,883 That's probably at least 300 years away. 159 00:08:28,883 --> 00:08:33,263 NARRATOR: With missions from both NASA and the private sector 160 00:08:33,263 --> 00:08:36,850 now officially in the works, humans landing 161 00:08:36,850 --> 00:08:41,563 on Mars is no longer the stuff of science fiction. 162 00:08:41,563 --> 00:08:44,733 But will we really go so far 163 00:08:44,733 --> 00:08:47,068 as to terraform the planet so that 164 00:08:47,068 --> 00:08:49,070 we can establish permanent residency there? 165 00:08:49,070 --> 00:08:52,115 And if so, why? 166 00:08:52,115 --> 00:08:56,745 What is it about Mars that compels us to go there? 167 00:08:56,745 --> 00:08:59,956 Interestingly, the conditions on Earth 168 00:08:59,956 --> 00:09:03,710 three to four billion years ago are thought to be 169 00:09:03,710 --> 00:09:06,880 much different from what they are today. 170 00:09:06,880 --> 00:09:10,508 Like Mars, the planet was relatively uninhabitable 171 00:09:10,508 --> 00:09:13,553 and lacked an atmosphere. 172 00:09:15,430 --> 00:09:17,807 According to ancient astronaut theorists, 173 00:09:17,807 --> 00:09:20,685 directed terraforming 174 00:09:20,685 --> 00:09:22,812 may have been exactly how life was started on Earth. 175 00:09:22,812 --> 00:09:24,606 And as evidence, 176 00:09:24,606 --> 00:09:28,818 they point to our earliest creation stories. 177 00:09:28,818 --> 00:09:31,446 When we look at the world's creation myths, 178 00:09:31,446 --> 00:09:34,157 one of the things that we find throughout these stories 179 00:09:34,157 --> 00:09:36,868 is the idea that the gods sought to create 180 00:09:36,868 --> 00:09:40,205 a stable environment on the Earth. 181 00:09:40,205 --> 00:09:44,626 The story of Genesis could be seen as a step‐by‐step guide 182 00:09:44,626 --> 00:09:47,462 for terraforming the Earth. 183 00:09:47,462 --> 00:09:50,340 On day one, God or the gods 184 00:09:50,340 --> 00:09:53,176 created the universe. 185 00:09:53,176 --> 00:09:56,137 On day two, the gods created the firmament. 186 00:09:56,137 --> 00:09:58,598 This is described as a dome, 187 00:09:58,598 --> 00:10:02,727 or a boundary separating heaven and Earth. 188 00:10:02,727 --> 00:10:05,939 Followed by the appearance of plants and animals 189 00:10:05,939 --> 00:10:09,275 and later human beings. 190 00:10:09,275 --> 00:10:11,736 GEORGE NOORY: To me, when I look at Genesis, 191 00:10:11,736 --> 00:10:14,864 it is exactly the thought 192 00:10:14,864 --> 00:10:16,991 of an extraterrestrial visitation. 193 00:10:16,991 --> 00:10:19,744 I'm sure there's a god‐‐ there's no doubt about that. 194 00:10:19,744 --> 00:10:22,163 That there's a higher power. 195 00:10:22,163 --> 00:10:26,000 But somewhere along the line, extraterrestrials 196 00:10:26,000 --> 00:10:29,546 came down to this planet, created us, 197 00:10:29,546 --> 00:10:31,756 maybe even terraformed the planet, 198 00:10:31,756 --> 00:10:34,092 so that it could be adaptable to life. 199 00:10:34,092 --> 00:10:37,971 Heck, we're talking about doing that on Mars right now. 200 00:10:37,971 --> 00:10:40,890 The things that we'll be doing on Mars may be 201 00:10:40,890 --> 00:10:43,685 exactly the same things that extraterrestrials did 202 00:10:43,685 --> 00:10:45,812 when they came to our planet. 203 00:10:45,812 --> 00:10:48,106 We'll be terraforming that planet. 204 00:10:48,106 --> 00:10:51,317 Creating a more conducive atmosphere. 205 00:10:51,317 --> 00:10:55,613 Melting icecaps to create rivers and lakes. 206 00:10:55,613 --> 00:10:58,116 And then perhaps even genetically manipulating 207 00:10:58,116 --> 00:11:02,370 organisms to better survive on that planet. 208 00:11:02,370 --> 00:11:06,666 And perhaps mankind is being guided by extraterrestrials 209 00:11:06,666 --> 00:11:11,379 to go to Mars and colonize that Red Planet. 210 00:11:14,174 --> 00:11:17,802 NARRATOR: With our plans to colonize Mars, 211 00:11:17,802 --> 00:11:21,639 are humans actually following in the footsteps 212 00:11:21,639 --> 00:11:23,683 of extraterrestrials that came to Earth 213 00:11:23,683 --> 00:11:26,227 in the remote past? 214 00:11:26,227 --> 00:11:30,398 Ancient astronaut theorists suggest that not only 215 00:11:30,398 --> 00:11:34,235 is this the case, but that there is even evidence 216 00:11:34,235 --> 00:11:36,779 these alien visitors might have come here 217 00:11:36,779 --> 00:11:40,867 from the very planet that is now our destination. 218 00:11:47,999 --> 00:11:51,419 NARRATOR: On March 10, 2006, 219 00:11:51,419 --> 00:11:55,131 the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter reached its destination, 220 00:11:55,131 --> 00:11:58,218 and began orbiting 186 miles 221 00:11:58,218 --> 00:12:02,013 above the Martian surface. 222 00:12:02,013 --> 00:12:06,809 It has circled the planet over 40,000 times and has sent 223 00:12:06,809 --> 00:12:10,104 over 264 terabytes of data 224 00:12:10,104 --> 00:12:12,190 and 200,000 images 225 00:12:12,190 --> 00:12:15,276 back to researchers on Earth. 226 00:12:16,402 --> 00:12:20,573 On September 28, 2015, 227 00:12:20,573 --> 00:12:23,284 NASA scientists announced 228 00:12:23,284 --> 00:12:26,120 that the images received from the Orbiter 229 00:12:26,120 --> 00:12:28,414 had finally led to the kind 230 00:12:28,414 --> 00:12:30,833 of groundbreaking discovery they were hoping for‐‐ 231 00:12:30,833 --> 00:12:35,129 evidence of water on Mars. 232 00:12:35,129 --> 00:12:39,259 Photographs taken by the Orbiter 233 00:12:39,259 --> 00:12:43,638 reveal streaks that appear to ebb and flow through the year, 234 00:12:43,638 --> 00:12:47,225 much like the seasonal flow of rivers on Earth. 235 00:12:47,225 --> 00:12:52,105 PETRANEK: Astrobiologists have had a wake‐up call. 236 00:12:52,105 --> 00:12:55,650 If there is flowing underground water on Mars, 237 00:12:55,650 --> 00:12:58,403 and since we know that all the chemicals structures on Mars 238 00:12:58,403 --> 00:13:01,489 for life are the same as they are on Earth. 239 00:13:01,489 --> 00:13:05,910 If you have that, it's unlikely 240 00:13:05,910 --> 00:13:08,913 that there is not life on Mars. 241 00:13:08,913 --> 00:13:11,249 DAVIES: The big question everybody wants to know is‐‐ 242 00:13:11,249 --> 00:13:14,085 is there enough there for Mars life? 243 00:13:14,085 --> 00:13:16,212 And in my view, the answer is yes. 244 00:13:16,212 --> 00:13:20,049 You don't have to have liquid water lying around 245 00:13:20,049 --> 00:13:23,219 like a pond in order for microbes to make a living. 246 00:13:23,219 --> 00:13:26,055 There are microorganisms on Earth 247 00:13:26,055 --> 00:13:29,058 that live in Mars‐like conditions. 248 00:13:29,058 --> 00:13:32,228 So do I believe that there is or was life on Mars? 249 00:13:32,228 --> 00:13:34,355 And I say yes, I'm absolutely certain of it. 250 00:13:35,690 --> 00:13:38,818 NARRATOR: In 1996, 251 00:13:38,818 --> 00:13:41,779 NASA researchers studying 252 00:13:41,779 --> 00:13:44,574 a Martian meteorite found on the Alan Hill ice fields 253 00:13:44,574 --> 00:13:46,451 of Antarctica 254 00:13:46,451 --> 00:13:49,162 announce a shocking discovery‐‐ 255 00:13:49,162 --> 00:13:52,331 evidence of past microbial life 256 00:13:52,331 --> 00:13:54,459 on Mars. 257 00:13:54,459 --> 00:13:56,419 They backed away from this conclusion 258 00:13:56,419 --> 00:14:01,049 shortly after it made international headlines. 259 00:14:01,049 --> 00:14:03,509 Over a decade later, 260 00:14:03,509 --> 00:14:06,471 scientists re‐examining the meteorite 261 00:14:06,471 --> 00:14:10,266 determine that it does indeed contain organic matter 262 00:14:10,266 --> 00:14:14,645 and evidence of bacterial fossils. 263 00:14:14,645 --> 00:14:17,565 The evidence for microbial life on early Mars 264 00:14:17,565 --> 00:14:19,650 from the meteorites is now very strong. 265 00:14:19,650 --> 00:14:21,694 It's almost overwhelming. 266 00:14:21,694 --> 00:14:23,863 Not only do some of the Mars meteorites 267 00:14:23,863 --> 00:14:26,491 show signs of early life on Mars, 268 00:14:26,491 --> 00:14:29,952 almost every one of them does. 269 00:14:32,747 --> 00:14:35,374 NARRATOR: While evidence of microbial life 270 00:14:35,374 --> 00:14:38,795 in Mars meteorites is groundbreaking, 271 00:14:38,795 --> 00:14:43,633 in 2013, geochemist Steven Benner 272 00:14:43,633 --> 00:14:46,052 presented findings suggesting 273 00:14:46,052 --> 00:14:48,429 these meteorites point to a possibility 274 00:14:48,429 --> 00:14:50,598 even more astonishing than the notion 275 00:14:50,598 --> 00:14:54,060 that there was once life on Mars. 276 00:14:54,060 --> 00:14:56,687 He claims that they may be responsible 277 00:14:56,687 --> 00:15:00,566 for seeding life here on Earth. 278 00:15:00,566 --> 00:15:03,861 Benner reached this conclusion when he found 279 00:15:03,861 --> 00:15:06,405 that particular elements believed to be crucial 280 00:15:06,405 --> 00:15:10,409 to the origin of life are not readily available on Earth, 281 00:15:10,409 --> 00:15:12,495 and would only have been present 282 00:15:12,495 --> 00:15:15,456 on the surface of the Red Planet. 283 00:15:15,456 --> 00:15:18,793 I've always felt that Mars was actually 284 00:15:18,793 --> 00:15:21,712 a better place than Earth for life to get going. 285 00:15:21,712 --> 00:15:25,716 Now Steve Benner recently has added to the appeal of Mars 286 00:15:25,716 --> 00:15:27,927 as the cradle of life 287 00:15:27,927 --> 00:15:31,514 by pointing out that certain elements that are actually 288 00:15:31,514 --> 00:15:35,434 essential for organic chemistry to work properly 289 00:15:35,434 --> 00:15:37,603 like boron and molybdenum, 290 00:15:37,603 --> 00:15:41,190 which are more abundant on Mars than they are on Earth. 291 00:15:41,190 --> 00:15:44,610 We can imagine that life on Earth started on Mars, 292 00:15:44,610 --> 00:15:48,114 so in a sense we're all Martians or descended from Martians. 293 00:15:48,114 --> 00:15:50,449 (indistinct chatter) 294 00:15:50,449 --> 00:15:54,579 NARRATOR: Life on Earth seeded from Mars? 295 00:15:54,579 --> 00:15:58,749 Could we, in fact, be Martians? 296 00:15:58,749 --> 00:16:02,086 Ancient astronaut theorists say yes, 297 00:16:02,086 --> 00:16:05,381 and suggest that this seeding of Earth 298 00:16:05,381 --> 00:16:08,342 may even have been a directed effort 299 00:16:08,342 --> 00:16:10,511 orchestrated by human‐like beings 300 00:16:10,511 --> 00:16:13,431 that existed on the Red Planet. 301 00:16:13,431 --> 00:16:17,101 And they claim these extraterrestrial ancestors 302 00:16:17,101 --> 00:16:20,271 can be found in the apocryphal texts 303 00:16:20,271 --> 00:16:22,565 of the Hebrew bible, 304 00:16:22,565 --> 00:16:26,694 represented as the "fallen angels." 305 00:16:26,694 --> 00:16:30,865 We know from ancient legend of the books of Enoch, 306 00:16:30,865 --> 00:16:35,411 that there was a group of angels 307 00:16:35,411 --> 00:16:37,955 who descended to Earth 308 00:16:37,955 --> 00:16:41,209 in violation of divine law. 309 00:16:41,209 --> 00:16:43,878 They introduced to humanity 310 00:16:43,878 --> 00:16:46,047 ways, means, knowledge, 311 00:16:46,047 --> 00:16:49,258 which we would understand today as science and technology. 312 00:16:49,258 --> 00:16:54,305 These angels were in human form. 313 00:16:54,305 --> 00:16:57,058 They were called, in Hebrew, Ishim, which means men. 314 00:16:57,058 --> 00:17:00,853 They looked just like us. 315 00:17:03,189 --> 00:17:07,151 YOUNG: The fallen angels were giants. 316 00:17:07,151 --> 00:17:10,780 They were at least ten feet tall, very striking to look at. 317 00:17:10,780 --> 00:17:12,907 Enormous eyes. 318 00:17:12,907 --> 00:17:15,243 And no wings. 319 00:17:15,243 --> 00:17:17,995 HENRY: For over 100 years, mythologists 320 00:17:17,995 --> 00:17:21,666 have been contemplating this idea that the fallen angels 321 00:17:21,666 --> 00:17:23,417 came from Mars to Earth. 322 00:17:23,417 --> 00:17:26,212 Even Dante described this in the Paradiso. 323 00:17:26,212 --> 00:17:29,006 He called this the fifth level of heaven. 324 00:17:29,006 --> 00:17:31,759 Is it possible that the fallen angels 325 00:17:31,759 --> 00:17:34,095 came to Earth from Mars? 326 00:17:37,682 --> 00:17:40,518 NARRATOR: Could we reinterpret the story of fallen angels 327 00:17:40,518 --> 00:17:43,813 as beings not from heaven, 328 00:17:43,813 --> 00:17:46,065 but from Mars? 329 00:17:46,065 --> 00:17:49,610 Based on examination of the astronauts 330 00:17:49,610 --> 00:17:52,822 living in the International Space Station, 331 00:17:52,822 --> 00:17:56,033 scientists have speculated on what physiological changes 332 00:17:56,033 --> 00:17:59,120 might be seen in future generations 333 00:17:59,120 --> 00:18:01,998 of humans born on Mars. 334 00:18:01,998 --> 00:18:05,042 And ancient astronaut theorists suggest 335 00:18:05,042 --> 00:18:07,920 the resemblance to the description of fallen angels 336 00:18:07,920 --> 00:18:10,756 may be uncanny. 337 00:18:10,756 --> 00:18:13,884 PIEN: One of the most amazing things about the human body 338 00:18:13,884 --> 00:18:16,512 is its ability to adapt. 339 00:18:16,512 --> 00:18:19,307 And if you look at astronauts who go into space, 340 00:18:19,307 --> 00:18:22,643 they actually grow about two or three inches. 341 00:18:22,643 --> 00:18:25,187 And when you have a human that's born on Mars, 342 00:18:25,187 --> 00:18:27,356 what's gonna happen is the environment 343 00:18:27,356 --> 00:18:30,192 will change the structure of the human body. 344 00:18:30,192 --> 00:18:32,528 And what you're gonna see in a few generations 345 00:18:32,528 --> 00:18:34,822 is humans that are taller and skinnier, 346 00:18:34,822 --> 00:18:38,534 because the gravity on Mars is less than that of Earth. 347 00:18:38,534 --> 00:18:42,246 BARA: If humans evolve long enough on the planet Mars, 348 00:18:42,246 --> 00:18:43,914 they could grow to be taller, 349 00:18:43,914 --> 00:18:45,541 they'd have the bigger heads; 350 00:18:45,541 --> 00:18:47,251 they'd have the spindly limbs. 351 00:18:47,251 --> 00:18:49,587 They might actually grow slightly larger eyes 352 00:18:49,587 --> 00:18:51,797 that were equipped to see better in the dark, 353 00:18:51,797 --> 00:18:53,507 because you simply have less sunlight on Mars 354 00:18:53,507 --> 00:18:55,176 than you do on the Earth, 355 00:18:55,176 --> 00:18:57,303 because it's farther away from the sun. 356 00:18:57,303 --> 00:18:59,805 They could also end up looking like representations 357 00:18:59,805 --> 00:19:02,183 of angels and various 358 00:19:02,183 --> 00:19:04,226 other god‐like beings that we've read about 359 00:19:04,226 --> 00:19:06,937 in the Bible and other ancient documents. 360 00:19:06,937 --> 00:19:09,899 CHILDRESS: These attributes to somebody 361 00:19:09,899 --> 00:19:13,235 from a low‐gravity planet like Mars 362 00:19:13,235 --> 00:19:15,279 or being in space for a long time 363 00:19:15,279 --> 00:19:18,616 may well be the attributes that we see 364 00:19:18,616 --> 00:19:22,203 of the fallen angels being very tall 365 00:19:22,203 --> 00:19:24,080 and‐and spindly 366 00:19:24,080 --> 00:19:26,123 and‐and perhaps pale 367 00:19:26,123 --> 00:19:30,169 and with large eyes. 368 00:19:30,169 --> 00:19:32,421 Something that we might expect to be coming 369 00:19:32,421 --> 00:19:35,758 from another planet like Mars. 370 00:19:35,758 --> 00:19:38,594 NARRATOR: Might life on Earth 371 00:19:38,594 --> 00:19:42,014 really have originated on Mars? 372 00:19:42,014 --> 00:19:45,559 And is it possible it was not by chance, 373 00:19:45,559 --> 00:19:47,770 but by design? 374 00:19:47,770 --> 00:19:52,149 And if so, just what happened to the Martians? 375 00:19:52,149 --> 00:19:56,153 Perhaps clues can be found by examining 376 00:19:56,153 --> 00:19:59,323 what some say is undeniable evidence 377 00:19:59,323 --> 00:20:02,410 of weapons of mass destruction. 378 00:20:12,294 --> 00:20:14,672 NARRATOR: Spanning 2,500 miles 379 00:20:14,672 --> 00:20:17,591 across the equatorial region of the Red Planet 380 00:20:17,591 --> 00:20:21,262 is a colossal gash in the crust. 381 00:20:21,262 --> 00:20:24,056 Called the Valles Marineris, 382 00:20:24,056 --> 00:20:27,101 it is over four miles deep, 383 00:20:27,101 --> 00:20:31,147 which is four times the depth of the Grand Canyon. 384 00:20:31,147 --> 00:20:33,733 And it runs a length equal 385 00:20:33,733 --> 00:20:35,609 to the span of the United States 386 00:20:35,609 --> 00:20:38,362 from New York to California. 387 00:20:38,362 --> 00:20:40,239 DENNIN: The Valles Marineris 388 00:20:40,239 --> 00:20:42,366 is one of the biggest tranches on Mars. 389 00:20:42,366 --> 00:20:46,662 It was named after one of the Mariner missions in the '70s. 390 00:20:46,662 --> 00:20:48,748 It has some very interesting geological features. 391 00:20:48,748 --> 00:20:50,541 It's quite huge. 392 00:20:50,541 --> 00:20:52,501 So it's really an interesting challenge 393 00:20:52,501 --> 00:20:54,545 to figure out what formed this valley. 394 00:20:54,545 --> 00:20:56,756 DAVIES: It is truly immense. 395 00:20:56,756 --> 00:20:58,758 And the question is, uh, 396 00:20:58,758 --> 00:21:03,512 why did these features occur on Mars on such a grand scale? 397 00:21:03,512 --> 00:21:07,475 The Grand Canyon is, you know, created by the Colorado River. 398 00:21:07,475 --> 00:21:10,394 I don't think the Valles Marineris 399 00:21:10,394 --> 00:21:12,146 was created by a river. 400 00:21:12,146 --> 00:21:13,564 It's very clear that it hasn't been made 401 00:21:13,564 --> 00:21:16,734 by water erosion. 402 00:21:16,734 --> 00:21:19,653 NARRATOR: The prevailing scientific theory 403 00:21:19,653 --> 00:21:21,739 suggests that the gash 404 00:21:21,739 --> 00:21:24,366 may be the result of volcanic activity 405 00:21:24,366 --> 00:21:27,828 combined with shifts in crustal plates. 406 00:21:27,828 --> 00:21:31,582 However, engineer Ralph Juergens 407 00:21:31,582 --> 00:21:36,170 argued in his 1974 article, "Of the Moon and Mars," 408 00:21:36,170 --> 00:21:39,507 that the geographic features of the Valles Marineris 409 00:21:39,507 --> 00:21:43,219 did not show signs of being torn and upended 410 00:21:43,219 --> 00:21:45,638 as is typical of volcanic thrusts. 411 00:21:45,638 --> 00:21:50,309 But rather, it appeared to be carved out. 412 00:21:50,309 --> 00:21:53,479 Juergens proposed that the feature 413 00:21:53,479 --> 00:21:55,272 resembled the residual marks 414 00:21:55,272 --> 00:21:58,526 left behind by an electrical discharge. 415 00:22:01,028 --> 00:22:03,447 According to his theory, 416 00:22:03,447 --> 00:22:07,159 the area was zapped by a powerful cosmic thunderbolt, 417 00:22:07,159 --> 00:22:11,080 carving out the landscape as it advanced across the surface, 418 00:22:11,080 --> 00:22:14,458 blasting material into space. 419 00:22:16,043 --> 00:22:18,504 Although NASA scientists 420 00:22:18,504 --> 00:22:20,506 dismiss the theory, 421 00:22:20,506 --> 00:22:24,593 it has been gaining traction with electrical engineers. 422 00:22:24,593 --> 00:22:27,137 By using 423 00:22:27,137 --> 00:22:29,473 two electrodes to create an electrical arc 424 00:22:29,473 --> 00:22:32,434 over a sandy surface, they have been able 425 00:22:32,434 --> 00:22:34,979 to demonstrate on a small‐scale 426 00:22:34,979 --> 00:22:38,065 how the Valles Marineris could have been carved out 427 00:22:38,065 --> 00:22:41,652 by an electric bolt. 428 00:22:41,652 --> 00:22:44,238 You don't see this type of thing with a volcano 429 00:22:44,238 --> 00:22:47,575 or an earthquake or any other type of natural occurrence. 430 00:22:47,575 --> 00:22:50,911 The feature itself resembles 431 00:22:50,911 --> 00:22:52,997 many of the electric discharges that we've done. 432 00:22:56,041 --> 00:22:59,712 NARRATOR: But could a cosmic thunderbolt 433 00:22:59,712 --> 00:23:03,632 be responsible for the massive gash across Mars? 434 00:23:03,632 --> 00:23:06,760 If so, was it a natural occurrence 435 00:23:06,760 --> 00:23:10,180 or an attack? 436 00:23:10,180 --> 00:23:12,808 There are some very interesting stories 437 00:23:12,808 --> 00:23:16,353 of ancient advanced thunderbolt‐like weapons. 438 00:23:16,353 --> 00:23:20,190 For example, in the Norse, Greek, and Vedic traditions, 439 00:23:20,190 --> 00:23:24,737 there is a weapon that can destroy entire worlds. 440 00:23:24,737 --> 00:23:26,822 In the Vedic text, 441 00:23:26,822 --> 00:23:29,867 uh, what is found is called "Vajra." 442 00:23:29,867 --> 00:23:32,703 "Vajra" means thunderbolt. 443 00:23:32,703 --> 00:23:35,122 And this is a very powerful weapon 444 00:23:35,122 --> 00:23:38,417 that God Indra carries. 445 00:23:38,417 --> 00:23:40,836 And it was a special weapon that was designed 446 00:23:40,836 --> 00:23:45,007 to destroy this giant called Vritra. 447 00:23:45,007 --> 00:23:48,886 Vritra represented the dark force. 448 00:23:48,886 --> 00:23:52,306 And then he was creating havoc in the universe. 449 00:23:52,306 --> 00:23:54,600 So he had to be destroyed. 450 00:23:54,600 --> 00:23:56,936 And Indra used this weapon 451 00:23:56,936 --> 00:23:59,897 to destroy this giant. 452 00:23:59,897 --> 00:24:04,318 CHILDRESS: Vajra is this super lightning bolt strike 453 00:24:04,318 --> 00:24:07,780 that devastates everything 454 00:24:07,780 --> 00:24:12,576 and is the most destructive weapon that the gods have. 455 00:24:12,576 --> 00:24:17,081 And if you look on Mars that scar appears to be 456 00:24:17,081 --> 00:24:21,710 from some huge electric strike. 457 00:24:21,710 --> 00:24:24,588 Perhaps this Vajra weapon of Indra 458 00:24:24,588 --> 00:24:26,924 that is hitting the planet 459 00:24:26,924 --> 00:24:30,761 and creating a huge canyon 460 00:24:30,761 --> 00:24:33,180 and may be what 461 00:24:33,180 --> 00:24:36,558 really changed Mars. 462 00:24:36,558 --> 00:24:39,228 It would seem that these weapons 463 00:24:39,228 --> 00:24:42,272 are extraterrestrial in nature. 464 00:24:44,984 --> 00:24:46,819 NARRATOR: Could the Vajra described 465 00:24:46,819 --> 00:24:49,446 in the ancient Vedic texts 466 00:24:49,446 --> 00:24:52,908 be a super weapon used against the planet? 467 00:24:52,908 --> 00:24:56,286 Ancient astronaut theorists say yes, 468 00:24:56,286 --> 00:24:59,289 and suggest there is even evidence 469 00:24:59,289 --> 00:25:01,458 of other weapons of mass destruction 470 00:25:01,458 --> 00:25:05,170 being detonated on the Red Planet. 471 00:25:07,256 --> 00:25:09,800 In a 2014 paper 472 00:25:09,800 --> 00:25:12,553 published in The Journal of Cosmology, 473 00:25:12,553 --> 00:25:15,222 physicist Dr. John Brandenburg 474 00:25:15,222 --> 00:25:17,349 presented findings indicating 475 00:25:17,349 --> 00:25:19,727 that someone or something 476 00:25:19,727 --> 00:25:21,228 wiped out life on Mars 477 00:25:21,228 --> 00:25:25,274 with massive nuclear explosions. 478 00:25:25,274 --> 00:25:28,944 BRANDENBURG: There's an enormous spike in xenon 129 479 00:25:28,944 --> 00:25:31,447 in the Martian atmosphere. 480 00:25:31,447 --> 00:25:34,116 Xenon 129 is produced 481 00:25:34,116 --> 00:25:37,536 by very violent nuclear reactions. 482 00:25:37,536 --> 00:25:40,789 I originally proposed as an explanation 483 00:25:40,789 --> 00:25:44,418 that this was a natural nuclear reactor that had gone unstable. 484 00:25:44,418 --> 00:25:47,337 However, as I talked to more scientists, 485 00:25:47,337 --> 00:25:50,841 they said the xenon spectrum is wrong. 486 00:25:50,841 --> 00:25:52,843 That is weapon signature. 487 00:25:52,843 --> 00:25:56,430 That is not from any kind of natural nuclear reactor. 488 00:25:56,430 --> 00:25:59,016 The pattern of radiation 489 00:25:59,016 --> 00:26:01,852 on the Mars surface indicates 490 00:26:01,852 --> 00:26:04,938 that there is a global debris pattern 491 00:26:04,938 --> 00:26:07,316 extending from two hot spots of radiation 492 00:26:07,316 --> 00:26:09,568 in the north of Mars 493 00:26:09,568 --> 00:26:12,279 going all the way around the planet. 494 00:26:12,279 --> 00:26:15,908 The regions of the residual radioactivity 495 00:26:15,908 --> 00:26:18,911 are covered in glass‐‐ 496 00:26:18,911 --> 00:26:21,789 the same sort of acid‐etched glass 497 00:26:21,789 --> 00:26:24,041 that was found at nuclear test sites. 498 00:26:24,041 --> 00:26:25,918 It's called trinitite. 499 00:26:25,918 --> 00:26:28,378 So thousands of square miles of Mars' surface 500 00:26:28,378 --> 00:26:30,756 apparently were turned to glass. 501 00:26:30,756 --> 00:26:35,260 Someone apparently dropped two massive nuclear weapons on Mars 502 00:26:35,260 --> 00:26:37,554 to explode in mid‐air. 503 00:26:37,554 --> 00:26:39,681 There's no natural phenomenon 504 00:26:39,681 --> 00:26:43,936 that can account for this nuclear data. 505 00:26:43,936 --> 00:26:46,313 So we must go to Mars. 506 00:26:46,313 --> 00:26:49,399 We must find out exactly what happened there. 507 00:26:49,399 --> 00:26:53,904 NARRATOR: Are there really tell‐tale signs 508 00:26:53,904 --> 00:26:57,533 of orchestrated mass destruction on Mars? 509 00:26:57,533 --> 00:27:00,327 If so, might some of the survivors 510 00:27:00,327 --> 00:27:03,163 have made it to Earth? 511 00:27:03,163 --> 00:27:06,250 Perhaps further evidence can be found 512 00:27:06,250 --> 00:27:09,002 by examining the landscape of Mars, 513 00:27:09,002 --> 00:27:11,713 and its mysterious formations 514 00:27:11,713 --> 00:27:15,008 that some say are alien artifacts. 515 00:27:26,228 --> 00:27:28,564 NARRATOR: 554 solar days 516 00:27:28,564 --> 00:27:32,734 after the Mars Curiosity Rover touched down, 517 00:27:32,734 --> 00:27:34,862 it beams its latest high‐resolution 518 00:27:34,862 --> 00:27:38,782 panoramic photographs of the Mars landscape to Earth. 519 00:27:40,242 --> 00:27:43,203 Upon inspection, amateur archaeologists 520 00:27:43,203 --> 00:27:45,622 announce a startling discovery‐‐ 521 00:27:45,622 --> 00:27:47,624 what appears to be an effigy 522 00:27:47,624 --> 00:27:49,668 located at the Dingo Gap, 523 00:27:49,668 --> 00:27:52,713 resembling a human statue. 524 00:27:52,713 --> 00:27:57,259 The find is just one of the dozens 525 00:27:57,259 --> 00:28:01,889 of strange earth‐like objects sighted in the Rover images‐‐ 526 00:28:01,889 --> 00:28:06,685 including a sarcophagus... 527 00:28:06,685 --> 00:28:08,937 a Buddha statue... 528 00:28:12,065 --> 00:28:15,569 ...and even a cross. 529 00:28:15,569 --> 00:28:17,362 BARA: There are a lot 530 00:28:17,362 --> 00:28:19,239 of different objects on Mars that people see, 531 00:28:19,239 --> 00:28:21,742 or think they see, in various rover images. 532 00:28:21,742 --> 00:28:24,286 And it's really hard to dismiss them, 533 00:28:24,286 --> 00:28:26,204 because they do look exactly 534 00:28:26,204 --> 00:28:28,457 like sculptures that human beings make. 535 00:28:28,457 --> 00:28:31,668 And even after a massive cataclysm, 536 00:28:31,668 --> 00:28:33,712 like what apparently took place on Mars, 537 00:28:33,712 --> 00:28:36,632 you're gonna find remnants from a lost civilization 538 00:28:36,632 --> 00:28:39,635 that's just leaving behind those last hints that 539 00:28:39,635 --> 00:28:41,261 we were here. 540 00:28:41,261 --> 00:28:44,598 NARRATOR: Ancient astronaut theorists 541 00:28:44,598 --> 00:28:46,642 have considered that there may be 542 00:28:46,642 --> 00:28:50,437 artifacts and unnatural structures on Mars 543 00:28:50,437 --> 00:28:52,230 since the first images where beamed back 544 00:28:52,230 --> 00:28:54,191 from the Mars Viking Mission 545 00:28:54,191 --> 00:28:57,444 in 1979. 546 00:28:57,444 --> 00:29:00,948 NASA officials claim the perceived likeness 547 00:29:00,948 --> 00:29:03,408 of formations on Mars to man‐made objects 548 00:29:03,408 --> 00:29:06,078 is due to Pareidolia, 549 00:29:06,078 --> 00:29:08,789 where the mind perceives a familiar pattern, 550 00:29:08,789 --> 00:29:12,167 like seeing shapes in clouds. 551 00:29:12,167 --> 00:29:15,671 But some imaging experts are not convinced 552 00:29:15,671 --> 00:29:18,840 that it's just a trick of the eye. 553 00:29:18,840 --> 00:29:20,801 Joe White has been working 554 00:29:20,801 --> 00:29:23,971 in image restoration for 25 years, 555 00:29:23,971 --> 00:29:26,890 and claims to have found artifacts on the Martian surface 556 00:29:26,890 --> 00:29:29,101 that defy explanation. 557 00:29:29,101 --> 00:29:30,852 JOE WHITE: The Rover images 558 00:29:30,852 --> 00:29:33,397 are generally fairly close‐up, and it is possible 559 00:29:33,397 --> 00:29:36,900 to spot things like statue heads and stone blocks, 560 00:29:36,900 --> 00:29:40,612 sometimes with writing on and carvings in them. 561 00:29:40,612 --> 00:29:44,074 It's such a shame they, they do so much to destroy these images. 562 00:29:44,074 --> 00:29:45,826 But basically what they do is they resize them down 563 00:29:45,826 --> 00:29:47,786 so that the detail's all lost. 564 00:29:47,786 --> 00:29:49,663 But because I've worked in photographic restoration, 565 00:29:49,663 --> 00:29:51,665 I know how to do it. 566 00:29:51,665 --> 00:29:53,375 All I've done with this is actually enhanced the contrast 567 00:29:53,375 --> 00:29:54,835 and sharpened it a little bit. 568 00:29:54,835 --> 00:29:57,254 The details I noticed first were 569 00:29:57,254 --> 00:29:59,256 particularly the eye and nose details 570 00:29:59,256 --> 00:30:02,342 on the front of the, of the, the statue on the left here 571 00:30:02,342 --> 00:30:04,886 with a very quite clear mouth structure 572 00:30:04,886 --> 00:30:08,473 and what looks like an ear, just here. 573 00:30:08,473 --> 00:30:12,769 And you have a long narrow elongated cone head shape 574 00:30:12,769 --> 00:30:15,063 to the statue. 575 00:30:15,063 --> 00:30:17,482 Now this may well be an elaborate headdress 576 00:30:17,482 --> 00:30:20,027 on this statue here, which seems to be broken off. 577 00:30:20,027 --> 00:30:21,778 But it's hard to say for sure. 578 00:30:21,778 --> 00:30:23,321 I mean this is a, it's a damaged statue, 579 00:30:23,321 --> 00:30:25,532 buried up to its chin 580 00:30:25,532 --> 00:30:28,035 and there's probably a lot more of it 581 00:30:28,035 --> 00:30:29,745 buried just below in the sand. 582 00:30:29,745 --> 00:30:31,621 But you can actually see quite clearly 583 00:30:31,621 --> 00:30:33,331 it's the sort of thing you would expect to find 584 00:30:33,331 --> 00:30:35,834 somewhere like Central or South America. 585 00:30:38,920 --> 00:30:41,757 NARRATOR: Might there actually be ruins of a lost civilization 586 00:30:41,757 --> 00:30:46,678 scattered across the Martian landscape? 587 00:30:46,678 --> 00:30:51,224 Ruins that mirror those that exist on our own planet? 588 00:30:51,224 --> 00:30:54,853 Ancient Astronaut theorists say yes, 589 00:30:54,853 --> 00:30:57,272 and propose that this is 590 00:30:57,272 --> 00:31:00,108 one of many artifacts on Mars 591 00:31:00,108 --> 00:31:04,196 that seem to have counterparts on our Earth. 592 00:31:04,196 --> 00:31:07,991 Certain structures on Mars may be completely 593 00:31:07,991 --> 00:31:11,036 related to structures here on Earth. 594 00:31:11,036 --> 00:31:15,373 On Mars, we have structures that look like pyramids. 595 00:31:15,373 --> 00:31:17,918 There are standing stones 596 00:31:17,918 --> 00:31:22,172 and Stonehenge‐type of structures on Mars. 597 00:31:22,172 --> 00:31:26,259 There's also a structure on Mars that looks like a Sphinx. 598 00:31:29,304 --> 00:31:31,932 BARA: Around Cydonia, there are many, many objects, 599 00:31:31,932 --> 00:31:33,850 including an area called "the city," 600 00:31:33,850 --> 00:31:36,937 where the so‐called face on Mars is located. 601 00:31:36,937 --> 00:31:39,648 There's a massive pentagonal pyramid. 602 00:31:39,648 --> 00:31:42,359 There's a cluster of other pyramidal objects 603 00:31:42,359 --> 00:31:44,194 that are nearby. 604 00:31:44,194 --> 00:31:46,238 And one of the things that's really interesting 605 00:31:46,238 --> 00:31:48,240 about the city is that some people have pointed out that 606 00:31:48,240 --> 00:31:51,284 if you take the apex of all of the pyramidal structures there‐‐ 607 00:31:51,284 --> 00:31:53,078 and there are number of them‐‐ 608 00:31:53,078 --> 00:31:56,623 that they basically match the layout of the Pleiades. 609 00:31:56,623 --> 00:31:59,292 Now, this is something that we've seen here on Earth. 610 00:31:59,292 --> 00:32:02,295 We've seen various ancient architectural monuments 611 00:32:02,295 --> 00:32:04,047 that are also laid out to reflect 612 00:32:04,047 --> 00:32:06,508 the constellation of the Pleiades. 613 00:32:06,508 --> 00:32:09,469 TSOUKALOS: Is it possible that the structures on Mars 614 00:32:09,469 --> 00:32:12,764 are real and of artificial origin? 615 00:32:12,764 --> 00:32:15,475 That is something where all of science says, 616 00:32:15,475 --> 00:32:17,435 "No, impossible." 617 00:32:17,435 --> 00:32:19,354 Well, is it really? 618 00:32:19,354 --> 00:32:21,815 Water on Mars‐‐ impossible, right? 619 00:32:21,815 --> 00:32:23,650 No, it has been proven. 620 00:32:23,650 --> 00:32:26,153 So we have to ask ourselves 621 00:32:26,153 --> 00:32:29,698 what civilization built this? 622 00:32:29,698 --> 00:32:31,992 And what happened to them? 623 00:32:31,992 --> 00:32:36,413 And some have suggested that they actually escaped Mars 624 00:32:36,413 --> 00:32:40,834 and came to Earth to ensure their survival. 625 00:32:40,834 --> 00:32:43,086 HENRY: When we look to these extraordinary structures 626 00:32:43,086 --> 00:32:47,215 on Earth, similar to what we're now seeing on Mars, 627 00:32:47,215 --> 00:32:49,801 it makes you wonder did our ancient extraterrestrial 628 00:32:49,801 --> 00:32:54,264 ancestors teach humans how to build these monuments? 629 00:32:54,264 --> 00:32:57,267 And knowing that one day, we would rediscover our roots 630 00:32:57,267 --> 00:33:00,520 on Mars and be able to match up what we've done on Earth 631 00:33:00,520 --> 00:33:02,981 with what we had already done on Mars. 632 00:33:02,981 --> 00:33:06,985 NARRATOR: Might the various structures and artifacts 633 00:33:06,985 --> 00:33:10,030 found on the surface of Mars 634 00:33:10,030 --> 00:33:13,450 really be evidence of a past Martian civilization? 635 00:33:13,450 --> 00:33:17,954 A civilization that was recreated on Earth? 636 00:33:20,248 --> 00:33:24,377 If so, why would NASA try to hide this connection? 637 00:33:24,377 --> 00:33:26,630 And might there be more 638 00:33:26,630 --> 00:33:29,132 that the public isn't being told? 639 00:33:34,095 --> 00:33:38,391 NARRATOR: The $2.5 billion Mars Curiosity 640 00:33:38,391 --> 00:33:43,021 is the most advanced rover yet to explore the Martian terrain. 641 00:33:43,021 --> 00:33:46,775 Beyond obtaining high‐resolution photographs, 642 00:33:46,775 --> 00:33:49,236 as well as soil and air samples, 643 00:33:49,236 --> 00:33:53,198 as it travels across the surface of the planet‐‐ 644 00:33:53,198 --> 00:33:55,700 it is also able to turn the camera on itself. 645 00:33:55,700 --> 00:33:59,371 A feature that enables engineers at NASA 646 00:33:59,371 --> 00:34:03,583 to diagnose and troubleshoot issues from Earth. 647 00:34:03,583 --> 00:34:07,504 Curiously, 50 solar days into its mission, 648 00:34:07,504 --> 00:34:11,716 the rover beamed a mysterious photograph back to Earth 649 00:34:11,716 --> 00:34:14,344 showing what appeared to some researchers 650 00:34:14,344 --> 00:34:17,305 to be the shadow of a human‐like figure 651 00:34:17,305 --> 00:34:20,267 working on the Rover. 652 00:34:20,267 --> 00:34:22,352 CHILDRESS: You could see a person there. 653 00:34:22,352 --> 00:34:25,730 And even it seemed that he was not wearing a helmet, 654 00:34:25,730 --> 00:34:29,901 but was in some kind of gear and goggles. 655 00:34:29,901 --> 00:34:34,072 And it made people speculate that what might be going on 656 00:34:34,072 --> 00:34:37,325 on Mars is more than what NASA 657 00:34:37,325 --> 00:34:40,537 and also the military space program 658 00:34:40,537 --> 00:34:43,873 has said that we can achieve. 659 00:34:43,873 --> 00:34:47,043 BARA: NASA knows so much more about Mars 660 00:34:47,043 --> 00:34:48,169 than they are telling us. 661 00:34:48,169 --> 00:34:49,796 They put pictures out. 662 00:34:49,796 --> 00:34:51,423 They allow things to come out. 663 00:34:51,423 --> 00:34:53,425 They do not comment on them, in general, 664 00:34:53,425 --> 00:34:56,594 but they just allow people with eyes, who want to see, 665 00:34:56,594 --> 00:34:58,430 to look at these things and understand what they are. 666 00:34:58,430 --> 00:35:01,099 But they don't say anything about it, 667 00:35:01,099 --> 00:35:05,395 because they are constrained by the political realities. 668 00:35:05,395 --> 00:35:07,105 NOORY: A couple of years go, 669 00:35:07,105 --> 00:35:08,898 we got a call from a person named Jackie, 670 00:35:08,898 --> 00:35:12,360 who claimed that she was a former NASA employee. 671 00:35:12,360 --> 00:35:14,779 And she went on with this profound story 672 00:35:14,779 --> 00:35:17,907 about how our rovers 673 00:35:17,907 --> 00:35:20,994 had sent back pictures that NASA has suppressed 674 00:35:20,994 --> 00:35:25,874 of humans on Mars walking around. 675 00:35:25,874 --> 00:35:27,667 And she was very compelling. 676 00:35:27,667 --> 00:35:30,837 She seemed to know exactly what she was talking about. 677 00:35:30,837 --> 00:35:34,549 There's always been a theory that there's a space program 678 00:35:34,549 --> 00:35:37,510 beyond the space program that we know. 679 00:35:37,510 --> 00:35:39,638 It's a black ops program. 680 00:35:39,638 --> 00:35:43,224 It's the program where trillions of dollars merely disappear, 681 00:35:43,224 --> 00:35:46,227 and nobody knows where the money went. 682 00:35:46,227 --> 00:35:48,813 And nobody knows what's going on. 683 00:35:48,813 --> 00:35:51,941 BARA: A Scottish hacker named Gary McKinnon 684 00:35:51,941 --> 00:35:54,110 actually hacked into the NASA database, 685 00:35:54,110 --> 00:35:56,154 and discovered a file, which contained a list 686 00:35:56,154 --> 00:35:58,657 of what were called non‐terrestrial officers‐‐ 687 00:35:58,657 --> 00:36:00,492 officers in the military that were actually 688 00:36:00,492 --> 00:36:03,244 living and working off of the planet Earth. 689 00:36:03,244 --> 00:36:06,373 Now, "non‐terrestrial" doesn't necessarily mean "Mars." 690 00:36:06,373 --> 00:36:08,500 But it does mean "out in space." 691 00:36:08,500 --> 00:36:10,710 And what that indicates is that there is some kind 692 00:36:10,710 --> 00:36:12,671 of top‐secret space program 693 00:36:12,671 --> 00:36:14,422 that exists that the public doesn't know about. 694 00:36:16,299 --> 00:36:17,967 NARRATOR: Could there really be 695 00:36:17,967 --> 00:36:21,429 a secret U. S. military operation on Mars? 696 00:36:21,429 --> 00:36:25,975 If so, just how long has it been going on? 697 00:36:25,975 --> 00:36:30,271 Some researchers suggest that a feasible plan 698 00:36:30,271 --> 00:36:33,149 to get to Mars was conceived 699 00:36:33,149 --> 00:36:35,944 well before we even made it to the moon 700 00:36:35,944 --> 00:36:39,572 and by the same scientist that got us there. 701 00:36:39,572 --> 00:36:42,492 PETRANEK: Wernher Von Braun was a rocket genius, 702 00:36:42,492 --> 00:36:45,286 and he was obsessed with going to Mars. 703 00:36:45,286 --> 00:36:47,288 He was obsessed with rocketry. 704 00:36:47,288 --> 00:36:50,959 And he wrote a book in 1948 called The Mars Project. 705 00:36:50,959 --> 00:36:54,546 And it's basically a 91‐page manual on how to get to Mars. 706 00:36:54,546 --> 00:36:57,298 It has all the computations worked out, 707 00:36:57,298 --> 00:37:00,635 all the formulas for what home and transfer orbits 708 00:37:00,635 --> 00:37:02,595 you need to use to get to Mars. 709 00:37:02,595 --> 00:37:04,764 He actually projected 710 00:37:04,764 --> 00:37:08,059 that he could put people on Mars by 1965. 711 00:37:08,059 --> 00:37:10,311 Everything he put in that 91‐page manual 712 00:37:10,311 --> 00:37:13,064 is actually still valid today. 713 00:37:13,064 --> 00:37:17,026 NOORY: Wernher Von Braun outlined our plan 714 00:37:17,026 --> 00:37:19,320 to go to Mars and colonize it. 715 00:37:19,320 --> 00:37:23,074 Well, everybody thinks, "Well, we just never did that." 716 00:37:23,074 --> 00:37:25,994 There are other people that think we took his playbook 717 00:37:25,994 --> 00:37:28,663 and that we indeed did colonize Mars, 718 00:37:28,663 --> 00:37:31,374 and that we have a colony of astronauts there 719 00:37:31,374 --> 00:37:35,670 right now under his tutelage when he was alive. 720 00:37:35,670 --> 00:37:38,006 DAVID WILCOCK: There's compelling evidence 721 00:37:38,006 --> 00:37:40,675 that Von Braun was working secretly 722 00:37:40,675 --> 00:37:42,635 with elements of the U. S. government 723 00:37:42,635 --> 00:37:45,472 in an attempt to try to make it to Mars. 724 00:37:45,472 --> 00:37:49,893 Is it possible that was done? 725 00:37:49,893 --> 00:37:51,811 Do you think it's possible that the government 726 00:37:51,811 --> 00:37:53,062 could keep something a secret? 727 00:37:53,062 --> 00:37:54,564 Absolutely. 728 00:37:54,564 --> 00:37:56,608 Go back to the Manhattan Project. 729 00:37:56,608 --> 00:37:59,903 When they developed the nuclear bomb, there was over 730 00:37:59,903 --> 00:38:04,115 140,000 personnel involved in that program. 731 00:38:04,115 --> 00:38:06,701 No one squealed. 732 00:38:06,701 --> 00:38:08,244 No one said what they were doing 733 00:38:08,244 --> 00:38:10,789 and many of those people were unaware of what 734 00:38:10,789 --> 00:38:14,125 they were working on until the bomb itself was detonated. 735 00:38:14,125 --> 00:38:17,086 So Von Braun could've been working 736 00:38:17,086 --> 00:38:19,130 on a secret Mars program, 737 00:38:19,130 --> 00:38:20,673 and with the same level of secrecy 738 00:38:20,673 --> 00:38:22,592 as the Manhattan Project, 739 00:38:22,592 --> 00:38:25,345 it still to this day could be highly classified 740 00:38:25,345 --> 00:38:28,932 and never released to the public at large. 741 00:38:28,932 --> 00:38:32,811 NARRATOR: Werner Von Braun's genius is credited 742 00:38:32,811 --> 00:38:37,690 with being the reason we ever made it to the moon. 743 00:38:37,690 --> 00:38:41,861 Might he also have orchestrated a secret mission to Mars? 744 00:38:41,861 --> 00:38:45,657 And if so, what was its purpose? 745 00:38:51,287 --> 00:38:52,705 NARRATOR: Torrance, California, 746 00:38:52,705 --> 00:38:55,834 2015. 747 00:38:55,834 --> 00:39:00,088 The board members of a private space agency lead by Elon Musk, 748 00:39:00,088 --> 00:39:02,298 Space X, 749 00:39:02,298 --> 00:39:05,468 announce that the explicit aim of the organization 750 00:39:05,468 --> 00:39:09,848 is and always has been to help humanity colonize Mars. 751 00:39:09,848 --> 00:39:12,016 ELON MUSK: I do think it is important 752 00:39:12,016 --> 00:39:14,894 that we as a species, as a civilization, 753 00:39:14,894 --> 00:39:18,815 are on a path to become a true space‐far‐‐ 754 00:39:18,815 --> 00:39:22,110 a true space‐faring civilization and a multi‐planet species. 755 00:39:22,110 --> 00:39:23,820 Elon Musk's position is that humans 756 00:39:23,820 --> 00:39:27,907 cannot survive indefinitely on Earth, 757 00:39:27,907 --> 00:39:30,285 and there are a lot of threats to the continuation 758 00:39:30,285 --> 00:39:31,953 of human life on Earth‐‐ 759 00:39:31,953 --> 00:39:34,497 both from what we're doing to our own planet, 760 00:39:34,497 --> 00:39:37,041 but also from things like asteroids. 761 00:39:37,041 --> 00:39:39,168 We get a single hit from an asteroid that's as big 762 00:39:39,168 --> 00:39:42,505 as the one that took out the dinosaurs. 763 00:39:42,505 --> 00:39:46,050 And that, by the way, is a 100% probability 764 00:39:46,050 --> 00:39:49,888 that that is going to happen, sooner or later. 765 00:39:49,888 --> 00:39:53,224 Going to Mars, it's a survival instinct. 766 00:39:53,224 --> 00:39:55,727 It's something we know, it's somewhere 767 00:39:55,727 --> 00:39:59,397 in the back of our brains that we have to do or we die. 768 00:40:01,983 --> 00:40:05,904 BARA: I think that's the message of the ruins of Mars is that 769 00:40:05,904 --> 00:40:08,448 this can happen to you. 770 00:40:08,448 --> 00:40:10,992 And you should think about, as a species, 771 00:40:10,992 --> 00:40:14,454 ways to ensure that the human race is not wiped out, 772 00:40:14,454 --> 00:40:16,539 because despite our flaws, we're a very 773 00:40:16,539 --> 00:40:20,501 noble, powerful, important part of this universe. 774 00:40:20,501 --> 00:40:23,129 CHILDRESS: It's something that will take us 775 00:40:23,129 --> 00:40:26,382 back to our very beginnings. 776 00:40:26,382 --> 00:40:30,053 And here we'll be really following in the footsteps 777 00:40:30,053 --> 00:40:34,641 of the ancient astronauts, who came to Earth. 778 00:40:34,641 --> 00:40:38,269 And ultimately, we will be like them, 779 00:40:38,269 --> 00:40:40,939 being the extraterrestrials ourselves 780 00:40:40,939 --> 00:40:44,692 and colonizing a foreign planet. 781 00:40:44,692 --> 00:40:48,404 HENRY: When we colonize Mars, 782 00:40:48,404 --> 00:40:50,573 it's a retracing of ancient footsteps. 783 00:40:50,573 --> 00:40:53,409 It will be a reconnection and a remembering 784 00:40:53,409 --> 00:40:56,079 of where we came from. 785 00:40:56,079 --> 00:40:59,207 And it may be that colonizing Mars 786 00:40:59,207 --> 00:41:01,751 will be our ultimate salvation. 787 00:41:04,712 --> 00:41:07,966 TSOUKALOS: Mars is a very, very logical point, 788 00:41:07,966 --> 00:41:12,679 if life on Earth ever should become impossible, 789 00:41:12,679 --> 00:41:17,141 that's our next step where to go if the survival of our species 790 00:41:17,141 --> 00:41:19,352 is at the forefront. 791 00:41:19,352 --> 00:41:22,605 Because maybe that's where we came from. 792 00:41:22,605 --> 00:41:25,817 So maybe we earthlings are the Martians. 793 00:41:25,817 --> 00:41:29,487 Then the question is 794 00:41:29,487 --> 00:41:31,906 has this game been going back and forth 795 00:41:31,906 --> 00:41:34,659 for hundreds of thousands of years? 796 00:41:34,659 --> 00:41:37,745 NARRATOR: Is it possible 797 00:41:37,745 --> 00:41:39,956 that the colonization of Mars 798 00:41:39,956 --> 00:41:43,501 is the key to our continued survival? 799 00:41:43,501 --> 00:41:46,212 And if so, have we stood 800 00:41:46,212 --> 00:41:48,798 on this precipice before? 801 00:41:48,798 --> 00:41:51,467 Could there have been a human presence 802 00:41:51,467 --> 00:41:54,762 on Mars thousands of years ago? 803 00:41:54,762 --> 00:41:57,557 Perhaps we will discover 804 00:41:57,557 --> 00:42:00,143 the truth about our alien ancestors 805 00:42:00,143 --> 00:42:02,895 when we become the extraterrestrials 806 00:42:02,895 --> 00:42:07,859 on Mars. 63311

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