Original subtitles

Well, hi, guys.

In this lesson, we're going to learn classes and assignment of IPv4 addresses.

Let's get started right away.

So what are the classes of the IPv4 address?

Well, addresses appear is 32 bit numbers by IP Network Protocol, a unique number in the network area

where each of the devices is located must be assigned to these devices, but only if they are working

in a local network that is not related to another external network.

These numbers can be assigned optionally.

Some of the IP address ranges can be divided into private networks in certain models.

But these numbers are given to the sites on the internet by a central power known by everyone as the

and I or Network Information Center.

These IP addresses have for eight bit one bite through zero to 255.

These are numbers called Octet to increase their readability.

For example, suppose that the IP address of the device at John Port, Ian GQ Dot Edu, the device named

John at the University of Toronto Faculty of Engineering, is zero x c0, eh eight six four zero one.

This address can also be shown in a different style, such as one nine two eight one six eight not one

zero zero doubt one.

The other notation is also known as the dotted quadruple notation.

Actually, this is not the reason for this type of display.

There is another reason for this situation.

This is because the first mock tests in the IP addresses indicate the network number and the remaining

octet indicate the machine number.

When applying to the Nike to obtain an IP address, a separate IP address is not assigned for each machine

that is intended to be used.

Instead, a network number is given and all valid IP in this range are optionally assigned to the devices

on the network.

In addition, the number of machine parts may differ in relation to the size of the entire mesh in order

to meet different demands, different network classes were created shifting from these different places

to other places and IP addresses.

It is possible to refer to these classes as A, B, C, D and F.

Class A one through 126.

So the first bit of the first octet is always set, so that the first bit of the first octet is zero.

So the first octet lies between one and 127 zero zero zero zero zero zero one Dash zero one one one

one one one one.

All right.

So these class AA addresses contain IP addresses between one dot, whatever it is, and one two six

dot, whatever it is.

All right.

IP addresses in the one two seven dot, whatever it is, IP range are known as private ID addresses.

Now, it should also be noted that these addresses are not given to any device on the internet.

Right.

And Class A has one hundred twenty six.

That's two to the seven minus two ID networks and six million seven hundred seventy seven thousand two

hundred fourteen.

That two to the 24.

Mine is to host addresses.

Yeah.

Good luck, proven me wrong there.

OK.

Class B address 128 through 191.

So Class B addresses can be defined as addresses whose first octet is in the range of 128 through 191

with eight bits, in short.

So these first two octet are known as definitions of the computing network, but the other two octet

are responsible for defining hosts, you found.

So the number of information networks is sixteen thousand three hundred and eighty four.

The total number of hosts in the information network is sixty five thousand five hundred and thirty

four.

Subnet Mask Address, or Class B, is two five five two five five zero zero.

So, for example, the IP addresses that can be used in the one seven two six five zero zero information

network are as they appear on the screen.

So you're looking at one seven 2.6 5.0.1 through one seven two six five two five five two five four.

Seems simple now, huh?

So here the following question might pop up in your head What happened?

127.

Well, it's now possible.

Use all 127 because.

The information network is reserved for loopback testing on local computers.

Class C addresses one nine, two through two two three.

So here we've got the first octet range expressed as the address class in the range one nine two through

two two three.

Now, while there are two million 97000 152 Class B IP addresses in total, the amount of IP addresses

to be used in each of these groups can be said to be 254.

And a subnet mask can be explained is 255.255.255.0.

So, for example, IP addresses it can be used in the one nine two two one six eight eight one zero

information network should be in the range of one nine two one six eight not one, not one through one

nine two one six eight.

Not one, not two five four.

And then in addition, there are Class D addresses reserved for IP multicast addresses and Class E addresses

reserved for various purposes or.

Otherwise known as whatever the heck they want it for.

Classes D and E, so networks of addresses in the range of two two four zero two zero zero two two five

four zero zero zero are known to be reserved for either an experimental or specific purpose and cannot

be identified to any network.

Now, due to the IP multicast system or IP multicast, anyway, this is going to provide the transmission

service of the packets to more than one point at a time out there on the internet, so the addresses

in this range are assigned.

So if we look at the first example, John's address one nine two eight one six eight not one zero zero,

not one any address on the network 192.168.0.1 zero, which can be given as an example of Class C,

indicate device one zero zero one.

Mm hmm.

So I wonder if you notice that not all possible numbers are included in the previous list?

So the reason for this is No zero and two five have been separated for special purpose.

So if all the bids around the host in an address are a zero, it can be said that that address determines

the network.

But if all of these bits are one.

Well, this addresses known as the broadcast address.

So accordingly, one nine two two one six eight two five five two five five does not mean a valid machine

dressed, but instead reports all machines in a one nine two one six eight zero zero network 0.0.0.0

and one two seven zero zero zero networks referred to the user's own machine.

In order to migrate the IP traffic on the user's home machine.

Right?

OK.

Now, the first of these networks is called the predefined route.

While the second is called the loop back address.

So.

Basically, in cases where there's no need to access the local network on the computer, the communication

of the programs can be ensured within your private computer via the IP address of 127.0.0.1.

So often, the address, 127.0.0.1 is reserved for a special interface on a user's home machine.

So this is going to kind of act like a short circuit, and it's called the loopback interface.

And by short, I don't mean a short circuit like it's going to cause a problem.

It's just a you know, well, it's a loopback.

So it's it's short, it's small.

That's the word small, maybe.

Yeah, OK.

Anyway, when an ordinary packet belonging to TCP or UDP is sent to this interface, it is redirected

to itself just as this packet is sent to it from other networks found.

So this allows software to be tested between development of network software without the need for a

real network.

So in addition, this network provides users with the opportunity to use network software only on one

machine.

So this situation may seem meaningless at first, but it's not going to be meaningless for long.

The hop by hop routing technique is used when routing IP data grams.

So router looks at the destination addresses of the data grams it receives using the masks and its routing

tables with the logical end operation.

So it finds a table address that is most similar to the network address to be reached and accesses the

port information to which the packet will be transferred.

Now, if the packet is sent to a node on one of the network's routers connected to, well, it gets

sent directly to that node.

Otherwise, it is transferred from the port in the direction it needs to go to reach the next router.

Did you get all that?

Well, there's more.

The routing table of the metal router is shown in the network given in the figure here.

OK, so that one of the nodes in the network with the address one two eight the one that 0.0, let's

say with the IP address one two eight one 0.7 sends a packet to one of the nodes in the network with

the address two two zero zero zero, let's say, two two zero zero five zero.

So when when this packet reaches the middle router, it's transferred from the table over port left

to reach the network with the address to 2.0 that 0.0 and is received by the left router.

So after receiving their packet, the router on the left checks its table and then four zip package

directly to the relevant node.

Since it is connected to this network two two zero zero zero And by looking this table, you can trace

the destination address all the way through to the next node, just like we did.

All right, so that's a lesson up to here, so we have now learned about classes and assignment of IPv4

addresses, so I know it's quite a lot, but hey, you're really interested in this, right?

All right, well, going to wake you up in the next lesson.