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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:03,463 --> 00:00:08,463 (calm music) 3 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 4 00:00:16,233 --> 00:00:18,359 - [Voiceover] It's hard to imagine now 5 00:00:18,359 --> 00:00:21,193 but not long ago, homosexuality was something 6 00:00:21,193 --> 00:00:24,225 to be hidden at all costs. 7 00:00:24,295 --> 00:00:25,655 - [Voiceover] I now pronounce you 8 00:00:25,655 --> 00:00:27,944 spouses for life. 9 00:00:27,944 --> 00:00:30,040 (cheering) 10 00:00:30,040 --> 00:00:32,152 - [Voiceover] 50 years ago, homosexual acts 11 00:00:32,152 --> 00:00:34,872 were illegal in every province in Canada 12 00:00:34,872 --> 00:00:37,864 and every state in America. 13 00:00:37,864 --> 00:00:41,194 To be a homosexual was to live in exile 14 00:00:41,194 --> 00:00:43,541 from mainstream society. 15 00:00:43,818 --> 00:00:46,298 - Society looked at homosexuals not just 16 00:00:46,298 --> 00:00:50,314 as a subculture who are engaging in illicit sex 17 00:00:50,314 --> 00:00:53,130 and possibly prostitution, they were also 18 00:00:53,130 --> 00:00:55,290 a community of people who were sick 19 00:00:55,290 --> 00:00:56,874 and deviant. 20 00:00:56,874 --> 00:00:58,170 - I like them in the closet. 21 00:00:58,170 --> 00:01:00,788 - We should shoot a few of these people or hang them. 22 00:01:01,627 --> 00:01:03,674 - [Voiceover] And for the brave few who declared 23 00:01:03,674 --> 00:01:06,997 their homosexuality, it was a life in the shadows. 24 00:01:12,314 --> 00:01:14,474 - The price for being openly gay was that 25 00:01:14,474 --> 00:01:16,938 you were poor and you had shit jobs 26 00:01:16,938 --> 00:01:18,427 like being a waiter. 27 00:01:18,427 --> 00:01:21,220 And a lot of people devoted their entire lives 28 00:01:21,220 --> 00:01:25,348 to being gay at a terrible cost. 29 00:01:28,635 --> 00:01:31,531 - [Voiceover] Most chose to hide. 30 00:01:31,531 --> 00:01:33,659 They sought to move like ghosts through 31 00:01:33,659 --> 00:01:36,901 the straight world, invisible to all. 32 00:01:38,138 --> 00:01:41,348 It was called passing. 33 00:01:42,074 --> 00:01:44,731 - It's very difficult to remember 34 00:01:44,731 --> 00:01:48,011 the complete and utter invisibility of gay people 35 00:01:48,011 --> 00:01:50,282 at that time. 36 00:01:50,282 --> 00:01:52,042 Not only did people not really believe that 37 00:01:52,042 --> 00:01:54,362 there were gay lawyers and professionals, 38 00:01:54,362 --> 00:01:58,170 and middle class people and people in the suburbs, 39 00:01:58,170 --> 00:01:59,786 it was unfathomable. 40 00:01:59,786 --> 00:02:02,852 People didn't believe that gay people existed. 41 00:02:04,746 --> 00:02:07,322 - When I worked for Time Magazine in the 60's, 42 00:02:07,322 --> 00:02:09,322 being human I wanted to talk somewhat 43 00:02:09,322 --> 00:02:11,659 about my personal life to my colleagues 44 00:02:11,659 --> 00:02:14,426 and friends but it all had to be straight 45 00:02:14,426 --> 00:02:17,259 so instead of talking about Bill, a six foot two blonde, 46 00:02:17,259 --> 00:02:20,619 I had to talk about Nancy, a five foot one blonde. 47 00:02:20,619 --> 00:02:23,589 And then you had to remember your lies. 48 00:02:24,139 --> 00:02:26,666 It was hell to live through and you felt always 49 00:02:26,666 --> 00:02:29,019 so duplicitous because you couldn't really 50 00:02:29,019 --> 00:02:31,066 be intimate with your straight friends 51 00:02:31,066 --> 00:02:32,730 because you were lying to all them 52 00:02:32,730 --> 00:02:35,146 and you knew if they discovered the terrible truth, 53 00:02:35,146 --> 00:02:37,659 a, you would be fired from your job, 54 00:02:37,659 --> 00:02:40,149 and b, you would lose all your friends. 55 00:02:46,730 --> 00:02:48,299 - When I got out of the Navy, I went 56 00:02:48,299 --> 00:02:50,650 with a couple guys and we used the same 57 00:02:50,650 --> 00:02:52,906 two lesbians as girlfriends 58 00:02:52,906 --> 00:02:55,332 which you think someone would have picked up on. 59 00:02:56,506 --> 00:02:58,218 I always went with Betty and whoever 60 00:02:58,218 --> 00:03:01,285 I happened to be going with went with Pauline. 61 00:03:01,466 --> 00:03:03,146 It was always a case of showing up 62 00:03:03,146 --> 00:03:05,765 with someone of the other sex. 63 00:03:08,235 --> 00:03:11,098 - I married when I was 19, right out of high school. 64 00:03:11,098 --> 00:03:14,075 And it was a very rocky time because deep down 65 00:03:14,075 --> 00:03:16,459 inside, I knew that I was gay 66 00:03:16,459 --> 00:03:17,835 but I had fought it so many years 67 00:03:17,835 --> 00:03:19,396 and hidden it so many years, I just figured 68 00:03:19,396 --> 00:03:22,677 I could go on through life doing that. 69 00:03:24,218 --> 00:03:25,658 - [Voiceover] The price of marriage 70 00:03:25,658 --> 00:03:29,124 was the cultivation of a secret life. 71 00:03:29,290 --> 00:03:30,538 - [Voiceover] I can remember being married 72 00:03:30,538 --> 00:03:32,827 and Sunday night after church, I would go by 73 00:03:32,827 --> 00:03:36,490 this drug store and he had muscle men magazines 74 00:03:36,490 --> 00:03:38,986 underneath the counter and you'd have to ask 75 00:03:38,986 --> 00:03:41,306 to see them. 76 00:03:41,306 --> 00:03:42,970 That was the only magazines or anything we had 77 00:03:42,970 --> 00:03:44,789 to look at. 78 00:03:45,259 --> 00:03:46,970 - I was too embarassed to buy them, 79 00:03:46,970 --> 00:03:49,786 so I would make my girlfriend I was living with 80 00:03:49,786 --> 00:03:50,939 buy them for me. 81 00:03:50,939 --> 00:03:52,826 So she would go and say, "I'll take the 82 00:03:52,826 --> 00:03:54,682 "Grecian Guild, please." 83 00:03:54,682 --> 00:03:56,841 And they all had the alibi of being 84 00:03:56,841 --> 00:04:00,996 about ancient Greece or about weight lifting. 85 00:04:03,129 --> 00:04:04,779 - [Voiceover] For most men in the closet, 86 00:04:04,779 --> 00:04:07,898 sex was furtive, anonymous, and often 87 00:04:07,898 --> 00:04:09,930 in public places. 88 00:04:09,930 --> 00:04:11,978 - All we could do was go out to the bars, 89 00:04:11,978 --> 00:04:14,058 or else go to the park. 90 00:04:14,058 --> 00:04:15,419 We would go and park our cars 91 00:04:15,419 --> 00:04:16,985 and walk out into the woods and meet 92 00:04:16,985 --> 00:04:19,530 different people and have sex there. 93 00:04:19,530 --> 00:04:21,641 And then you go on with your life. 94 00:04:21,641 --> 00:04:22,809 That's how we lived. 95 00:04:22,809 --> 00:04:24,916 We lived closeted. 96 00:04:30,521 --> 00:04:33,242 - [Voiceover] It was a dangerous life. 97 00:04:33,242 --> 00:04:35,498 And police harassment and the risk of arrest 98 00:04:35,498 --> 00:04:38,196 were an ever present threat. 99 00:04:41,545 --> 00:04:43,866 Getting caught meant personal ruin 100 00:04:43,866 --> 00:04:46,739 and humiliation. 101 00:04:47,705 --> 00:04:49,450 - For a long, long time, the police 102 00:04:49,450 --> 00:04:51,546 had been involved with a process 103 00:04:51,546 --> 00:04:54,234 of trying to supress, marginalize, 104 00:04:54,234 --> 00:04:56,985 and clean up the subcultures that they saw 105 00:04:56,985 --> 00:04:59,892 as illegitimate and the police were ruthless. 106 00:05:00,554 --> 00:05:03,274 - The major problem with homosexuals 107 00:05:03,274 --> 00:05:06,298 is the places of congregation to commit 108 00:05:06,298 --> 00:05:09,451 their sex acts in public places 109 00:05:09,451 --> 00:05:11,178 where they walk the streets hoping 110 00:05:11,178 --> 00:05:13,332 to make a pickup. 111 00:05:14,811 --> 00:05:17,241 - They had vice working the park. 112 00:05:17,241 --> 00:05:18,937 They'd go up there in cut offs, 113 00:05:18,937 --> 00:05:21,017 as sexy as they could be and then 114 00:05:21,017 --> 00:05:24,378 when you put a make on them, they'd arrest ya. 115 00:05:24,378 --> 00:05:26,251 They'd up come sometime in a bus 116 00:05:26,251 --> 00:05:29,684 and arrest enough people to almost fill the bus. 117 00:05:31,418 --> 00:05:33,498 - People had it hidden deep inside them 118 00:05:33,498 --> 00:05:36,411 and were very guilt ridden about it. 119 00:05:36,411 --> 00:05:38,521 If you were closeted and you were married, 120 00:05:38,521 --> 00:05:40,474 you didn't have any place to go. 121 00:05:40,474 --> 00:05:42,730 Most hotels would not rent to men 122 00:05:42,730 --> 00:05:44,617 and if you did, you might very well had the police 123 00:05:44,617 --> 00:05:46,954 bang through the door. 124 00:05:46,954 --> 00:05:48,538 People went into public washrooms, 125 00:05:48,538 --> 00:05:51,033 and into parks, and that would be the first place 126 00:05:51,033 --> 00:05:53,268 they could kiss another man. 127 00:06:02,778 --> 00:06:04,314 - [Voiceover] The lack of understanding 128 00:06:04,314 --> 00:06:06,250 and acceptance leads to the creation 129 00:06:06,250 --> 00:06:09,860 of a lurid set of myths about homosexuals. 130 00:06:17,370 --> 00:06:19,771 - [Voiceover ] The medical profession and the psychiatric 131 00:06:19,771 --> 00:06:21,977 profession are very much part of this story. 132 00:06:21,977 --> 00:06:23,882 Homosexuality was not just criminalized, 133 00:06:23,882 --> 00:06:26,644 it was medicalized. 134 00:06:26,954 --> 00:06:30,045 - You grew up with a lot of shame, a lot of denial, 135 00:06:30,045 --> 00:06:32,268 sometimes actually listening to what you read 136 00:06:32,268 --> 00:06:33,885 in the medical books which was that 137 00:06:33,885 --> 00:06:38,885 being gay was a disability or a condition. 138 00:06:41,005 --> 00:06:42,284 I really would pray that it would just 139 00:06:42,284 --> 00:06:43,436 go away. 140 00:06:43,436 --> 00:06:44,941 I prayed that I would just magically 141 00:06:44,941 --> 00:06:46,253 have a girlfriend and I would wake up 142 00:06:46,253 --> 00:06:48,823 every day and it was still there. 143 00:06:52,540 --> 00:06:53,804 - Many of them would undergo 144 00:06:53,804 --> 00:06:55,244 this behavioral reconditioning 145 00:06:55,244 --> 00:06:57,596 which was you would bring pornography 146 00:06:57,596 --> 00:07:00,684 that turned you on and then they would project it 147 00:07:00,684 --> 00:07:04,134 and then shock you or induce vomiting. 148 00:07:04,573 --> 00:07:07,783 It's hard to underestimate how dire things were. 149 00:07:08,956 --> 00:07:10,973 - Most parents were doing it for the good 150 00:07:10,973 --> 00:07:14,124 of the child, they knew that if the son 151 00:07:14,124 --> 00:07:16,573 became homosexual, he was condemned 152 00:07:16,573 --> 00:07:20,614 to live a very difficult and unhappy life. 153 00:07:27,645 --> 00:07:29,214 The parents would take their son 154 00:07:29,214 --> 00:07:31,437 to a physician who had been educated 155 00:07:31,437 --> 00:07:33,454 in the medical school where homosexuality 156 00:07:33,454 --> 00:07:36,636 was considered a disease. 157 00:07:36,636 --> 00:07:39,340 If he thought it was a serious problem, 158 00:07:39,340 --> 00:07:42,726 then he'd recommend treatment. 159 00:07:43,293 --> 00:07:45,133 You would go through a year or more 160 00:07:45,133 --> 00:07:49,037 of electric shock before you finally decided 161 00:07:49,037 --> 00:07:52,663 that you really ought to find women interesting. 162 00:07:56,013 --> 00:07:59,773 - I went to a shrink for 20 years trying to get straight. 163 00:07:59,773 --> 00:08:02,061 I was engaged twice. 164 00:08:02,061 --> 00:08:03,964 The ideal was to have the trap door 165 00:08:03,964 --> 00:08:06,124 beside the bed to get rid of the evidence 166 00:08:06,124 --> 00:08:08,174 that you were gay so that you could start off 167 00:08:08,174 --> 00:08:09,436 with a clean slate. 168 00:08:09,436 --> 00:08:11,943 Maybe today I'll go straight. 169 00:08:16,620 --> 00:08:18,716 - [Voiceover] But a few pioneers start 170 00:08:18,716 --> 00:08:21,165 to push the idea that homosexuals have nothing 171 00:08:21,165 --> 00:08:23,335 to be ashamed of. 172 00:08:23,932 --> 00:08:26,046 It's part of the spirit of the times 173 00:08:26,046 --> 00:08:29,005 as one minority group after another demands 174 00:08:29,005 --> 00:08:32,199 to be heard. 175 00:08:34,172 --> 00:08:38,749 In 1965, the first gay protest in North American history 176 00:08:38,749 --> 00:08:41,255 occurs. 177 00:08:41,708 --> 00:08:44,685 In order to present homosexuals as respectable 178 00:08:44,685 --> 00:08:47,148 and employable, male participants 179 00:08:47,148 --> 00:08:49,117 are required to wear ties, 180 00:08:49,117 --> 00:08:50,733 preferably with a jacket. 181 00:08:50,733 --> 00:08:53,543 And women are told to wear skirts. 182 00:08:54,428 --> 00:08:57,996 In 1969, Canada moves to the foreground 183 00:08:57,996 --> 00:09:01,212 of the new social revolution when it decriminalizes 184 00:09:01,212 --> 00:09:05,207 same sex intimacy in the privacy of one's home. 185 00:09:05,436 --> 00:09:07,388 - There's no place for the state in the bedrooms 186 00:09:07,388 --> 00:09:10,428 of the nation and I think that what's done 187 00:09:10,428 --> 00:09:12,748 in private between adults doesn't concern 188 00:09:12,748 --> 00:09:15,176 a criminal court. 189 00:09:16,125 --> 00:09:18,428 - [Voiceover] In the US, the battle over homosexual 190 00:09:18,428 --> 00:09:21,948 rights erupts on a June evening in 1969 191 00:09:21,948 --> 00:09:25,047 at a tavern called The Stonewall. 192 00:09:25,213 --> 00:09:27,308 As an angry mob of drag queens, 193 00:09:27,308 --> 00:09:29,629 mixed race, black, and young people 194 00:09:29,629 --> 00:09:32,775 fight back against a police raid. 195 00:09:34,349 --> 00:09:36,796 - Those individuals were largely on the outskirts 196 00:09:36,796 --> 00:09:38,268 of society. 197 00:09:38,268 --> 00:09:39,788 They were gender non-conformist, 198 00:09:39,788 --> 00:09:41,558 There were drag queens there. 199 00:09:41,558 --> 00:09:43,090 There were a number of individuals 200 00:09:43,090 --> 00:09:46,396 that don't necesarrily fit within the mainstream. 201 00:09:47,522 --> 00:09:49,666 - There were lots of what we call A trainers, 202 00:09:49,666 --> 00:09:51,442 that is, people who came on the A train 203 00:09:51,442 --> 00:09:52,579 from Harlem. 204 00:09:52,579 --> 00:09:54,291 People had nothing left to lose. 205 00:09:54,291 --> 00:09:56,210 These guys had been fighting the police 206 00:09:56,210 --> 00:09:58,530 all their lives and now they were doing it 207 00:09:58,530 --> 00:10:02,339 as gays but they had done it as oppressed minorities 208 00:10:02,339 --> 00:10:05,197 before anyway. 209 00:10:05,443 --> 00:10:06,962 - I think it was in the air. 210 00:10:06,962 --> 00:10:08,306 We weren't going to take it any more. 211 00:10:08,306 --> 00:10:10,830 We were going to fight back this time. 212 00:10:11,283 --> 00:10:13,602 - [Voiceover] With Stonewall, gays experienced 213 00:10:13,602 --> 00:10:15,842 the power that could come from standing up 214 00:10:15,842 --> 00:10:18,546 for themselves. 215 00:10:18,546 --> 00:10:22,220 With the new consciousness, comes a new idea. 216 00:10:22,290 --> 00:10:24,819 The secret to happiness was to admit to being 217 00:10:24,819 --> 00:10:28,189 homosexual, to come out. 218 00:10:28,866 --> 00:10:31,060 - As the 70's started happening, 219 00:10:31,060 --> 00:10:32,723 you actually for the first time started having 220 00:10:32,723 --> 00:10:34,451 an actual human being who would get up 221 00:10:34,451 --> 00:10:36,930 and actually say, "I am a homosexual." 222 00:10:36,930 --> 00:10:38,530 - [Voiceover] A thousand gay liberationists 223 00:10:38,530 --> 00:10:41,186 demonstrate in New York, urging the city council 224 00:10:41,186 --> 00:10:44,252 to pass a homosexual rights bill. 225 00:10:45,460 --> 00:10:46,819 - What do homosexuals do? 226 00:10:46,819 --> 00:10:48,482 We eat, we sleep, we watch television. 227 00:10:48,482 --> 00:10:49,890 That's what we do. 228 00:10:49,890 --> 00:10:51,586 We do what human beings do. 229 00:10:51,586 --> 00:10:53,650 - I've never come out on anything 230 00:10:53,650 --> 00:10:57,346 like television and said, "I am a lesbian." 231 00:10:57,346 --> 00:11:01,309 And it's a very frightening thing to do. 232 00:11:03,571 --> 00:11:06,290 - [Voiceover] Word of Stonewall drifts back to Canada 233 00:11:06,290 --> 00:11:08,850 where gays are increasingly feeling inspired 234 00:11:08,850 --> 00:11:11,756 by the battle to the south. 235 00:11:12,659 --> 00:11:15,410 The first gay pride march in Canada takes place 236 00:11:15,410 --> 00:11:19,676 on a cold, wet August morning in 1971. 237 00:11:19,762 --> 00:11:21,859 It's organized by an American draft dodger 238 00:11:21,859 --> 00:11:24,412 living in Toronto. 239 00:11:24,499 --> 00:11:25,906 - All we want to do is love persons 240 00:11:25,906 --> 00:11:29,490 of the same sex and live our lives as we decide. 241 00:11:29,490 --> 00:11:30,819 Gay power! 242 00:11:30,819 --> 00:11:33,276 (cheering) 243 00:11:33,410 --> 00:11:35,506 - [Voiceover] A generation gap starts to emerge 244 00:11:35,506 --> 00:11:38,067 between the gays who came of age in an earlier 245 00:11:38,067 --> 00:11:41,549 time and those growing up in the 1960's. 246 00:11:42,227 --> 00:11:44,850 Fearing the consequences, the vast majority 247 00:11:44,850 --> 00:11:48,077 choose to stay in the closet. 248 00:11:48,099 --> 00:11:49,747 - They were going around saying things like, 249 00:11:49,747 --> 00:11:53,539 "Gay is good," which was an echo, "Black is beautiful." 250 00:11:53,539 --> 00:11:55,380 The idea of having a gay magazine 251 00:11:55,380 --> 00:11:57,506 or a gay organization, we would say, 252 00:11:57,506 --> 00:12:01,282 "Well, we're criminals, should safe crackers 253 00:12:01,282 --> 00:12:05,309 "have their own magazine? This is ridiculous." 254 00:12:06,290 --> 00:12:07,730 - It wasn't like Stonewall happened and then 255 00:12:07,730 --> 00:12:09,026 the next day everyone came out 256 00:12:09,026 --> 00:12:11,282 and everything was beautiful. 257 00:12:11,282 --> 00:12:13,331 Everybody had their own individual journeys 258 00:12:13,331 --> 00:12:16,252 that they had to struggle with. 259 00:12:16,611 --> 00:12:17,682 - There were no role models. 260 00:12:17,682 --> 00:12:20,546 There was no history showing the 10 people 261 00:12:20,546 --> 00:12:22,802 that I know who went through this and boy did 262 00:12:22,802 --> 00:12:24,856 their lives turn out great. 263 00:12:24,856 --> 00:12:26,905 The word on the street were the people 264 00:12:26,905 --> 00:12:29,576 who had been arrested and lost everything. 265 00:12:29,576 --> 00:12:32,216 The people who had been thrown out of the military, 266 00:12:32,216 --> 00:12:34,552 the people who had lost their jobs, 267 00:12:34,552 --> 00:12:37,379 and the fears were real. 268 00:12:42,233 --> 00:12:44,184 - [Voiceover] But for those who were out, 269 00:12:44,184 --> 00:12:46,648 the dream of having a life like other people 270 00:12:46,648 --> 00:12:48,361 starts to grow. 271 00:12:48,361 --> 00:12:49,481 - With this ring 272 00:12:49,481 --> 00:12:50,344 - With this ring 273 00:12:50,344 --> 00:12:51,608 - I give thee my promise 274 00:12:51,608 --> 00:12:53,208 - I give thee my promise 275 00:12:53,208 --> 00:12:54,728 - With my heart I will love thee, 276 00:12:54,728 --> 00:12:56,664 - With my heart I will love thee, 277 00:12:56,664 --> 00:12:58,552 - With my body I will worship thee, 278 00:12:58,552 --> 00:13:01,752 - With my body I will worship thee, 279 00:13:01,752 --> 00:13:04,291 - You may kiss. 280 00:13:06,664 --> 00:13:08,504 - [Voiceover] The continuing lack of acceptance 281 00:13:08,504 --> 00:13:10,921 in mainstream society meant gay life 282 00:13:10,921 --> 00:13:14,291 could only flourish in so called gay ghettos. 283 00:13:15,928 --> 00:13:17,864 - It was this definite feeling of freedom 284 00:13:17,864 --> 00:13:20,248 in these little protected ghettos 285 00:13:20,248 --> 00:13:23,608 that we created, that Stonewall allowed. 286 00:13:23,608 --> 00:13:27,641 And instead of living a life of hookups in a park 287 00:13:27,641 --> 00:13:30,344 or bars where you risked arrest, 288 00:13:30,344 --> 00:13:33,961 you could celebrate en masse with large numbers 289 00:13:33,961 --> 00:13:37,432 of men and feel a sense of community 290 00:13:37,432 --> 00:13:41,522 and to feel that freedom was just extraordinary. 291 00:13:43,672 --> 00:13:46,664 - [Voiceover] But slowly outside the ghetto walls, 292 00:13:46,664 --> 00:13:49,241 a few key allies started to emerge, 293 00:13:49,241 --> 00:13:52,242 including the parents of some gay children. 294 00:13:52,984 --> 00:13:55,448 - When you had anybody who was outside 295 00:13:55,448 --> 00:13:57,704 support you, it was really profound. 296 00:13:57,704 --> 00:13:59,912 So when you actually had a parent? 297 00:13:59,912 --> 00:14:01,864 Who actually would say good things 298 00:14:01,864 --> 00:14:04,632 about his or her son or daughter? 299 00:14:04,632 --> 00:14:06,521 Like, oh my God, you know. 300 00:14:06,521 --> 00:14:09,688 I can tell you people just hugged them 301 00:14:09,688 --> 00:14:12,361 and loved them, partly because they knew 302 00:14:12,361 --> 00:14:15,362 their parent didn't react that way. 303 00:14:16,184 --> 00:14:17,961 - [Voiceover] But the enemies of gay freedom 304 00:14:17,961 --> 00:14:21,858 remain committed to keeping homosexuals in check. 305 00:14:22,360 --> 00:14:24,344 - You started seeing a lot more visibility. 306 00:14:24,344 --> 00:14:26,328 At the same time, there was an uppityness 307 00:14:26,328 --> 00:14:29,657 of the community and the police really realized 308 00:14:29,657 --> 00:14:32,200 that if we don't actually do something now, 309 00:14:32,200 --> 00:14:34,514 this is going to get completely out of hand. 310 00:14:40,440 --> 00:14:42,920 - [Voiceover] In the winter of 1981, 311 00:14:42,920 --> 00:14:45,863 police in Toronto execute a massive crackdown 312 00:14:45,863 --> 00:14:48,547 on the gay bathhouses. 313 00:14:49,368 --> 00:14:51,097 - This was the largest police operation 314 00:14:51,097 --> 00:14:53,912 that had happened against the lesbian and gay 315 00:14:53,912 --> 00:14:55,785 community and it was, in fact, the largest 316 00:14:55,785 --> 00:14:57,688 mass arrest in Canadian history. 317 00:14:57,688 --> 00:15:01,106 Second only to the war measures act. 318 00:15:02,328 --> 00:15:03,785 - He says, "You're all being charged 319 00:15:03,785 --> 00:15:05,432 "for being in a body house." 320 00:15:05,432 --> 00:15:06,648 I was flabbergasted. 321 00:15:06,648 --> 00:15:09,666 I still had no idea what he was talking about. 322 00:15:11,656 --> 00:15:14,024 - [Voiceover] The police went whole hog, decided to do it 323 00:15:14,024 --> 00:15:16,744 all on one night, arrest as many people as possible. 324 00:15:16,744 --> 00:15:21,240 Let's drag them in, let's really teach them a lesson. 325 00:15:21,240 --> 00:15:23,208 - [Voiceover] You were in a room and you just started 326 00:15:23,208 --> 00:15:24,184 hearing commotion. 327 00:15:24,184 --> 00:15:25,337 You didn't know what was going on 328 00:15:25,337 --> 00:15:26,617 and then a cop would come and smash the door 329 00:15:26,617 --> 00:15:28,217 and would drag you in and put you in. 330 00:15:28,217 --> 00:15:29,897 And if you were naked, so be it. 331 00:15:29,897 --> 00:15:31,240 The people in the shower would be grabbed 332 00:15:31,240 --> 00:15:34,211 out of the shower room. 333 00:15:36,280 --> 00:15:38,584 It happened February 5th, on the morning 334 00:15:38,584 --> 00:15:40,760 of February 6th, we decided to actually 335 00:15:40,760 --> 00:15:44,255 have a demonstration that very night. 336 00:15:44,373 --> 00:15:45,925 - [Crowd] Two, four, six, eight, (mumbles) police state. 337 00:15:50,990 --> 00:15:53,752 - You had all these people contact their friends, 338 00:15:53,752 --> 00:15:56,071 that contacted their friends so it actually 339 00:15:56,071 --> 00:15:58,273 spread very, very fast. 340 00:15:59,784 --> 00:16:03,410 It really was on an order that had never been thought of. 341 00:16:03,481 --> 00:16:05,464 The lesbian and gay demonstration which was 342 00:16:05,464 --> 00:16:08,471 far more angry and far more aggressive 343 00:16:08,471 --> 00:16:11,571 than the police ever thought they had on their hands. 344 00:16:13,352 --> 00:16:15,352 - They were completely thrown back 345 00:16:15,352 --> 00:16:17,832 by the reaction. 346 00:16:17,832 --> 00:16:19,368 You could see that they were not at all prepared 347 00:16:19,368 --> 00:16:21,081 for this angry mob. 348 00:16:21,081 --> 00:16:23,731 They still couldn't believe it was in front of their eyes. 349 00:16:23,992 --> 00:16:25,911 - Somebody said to me, "Police have raided 350 00:16:25,911 --> 00:16:28,681 "the bathhouses," and I said, "What have 351 00:16:28,681 --> 00:16:31,240 "they got against cleanliness?" 352 00:16:31,240 --> 00:16:33,682 (laughter) 353 00:16:34,072 --> 00:16:35,320 - The police knew nothing at all 354 00:16:35,320 --> 00:16:36,487 about the gay male community. 355 00:16:36,487 --> 00:16:37,912 They actually thought there were only 356 00:16:37,912 --> 00:16:39,001 three or four hundred gay men 357 00:16:39,001 --> 00:16:40,632 in Toronto and they would all pack up 358 00:16:40,632 --> 00:16:42,087 and move to Vancouver as a result of the raids. 359 00:16:42,087 --> 00:16:44,018 Really. 360 00:16:45,481 --> 00:16:47,304 - The bathhouse raids happened in one night 361 00:16:47,304 --> 00:16:48,903 but the politics of the bathhouse raids 362 00:16:48,903 --> 00:16:51,538 were at least a couple years. 363 00:16:51,881 --> 00:16:54,487 We had 308 men who had to go through 364 00:16:54,487 --> 00:16:56,441 the legal system so we went and tracked 365 00:16:56,441 --> 00:16:58,264 each of those cases. 366 00:16:58,264 --> 00:17:00,360 We had fundraising that had to be done. 367 00:17:00,360 --> 00:17:02,648 Those are political and social skills 368 00:17:02,648 --> 00:17:05,681 that build up a community. 369 00:17:05,688 --> 00:17:07,063 We went through what could have taken us 370 00:17:07,063 --> 00:17:09,282 20 years in 2 years. 371 00:17:12,008 --> 00:17:13,848 - [Voiceover] But within a year of the raids, 372 00:17:13,848 --> 00:17:17,192 a much bigger crisis has emerged on the horizon. 373 00:17:17,192 --> 00:17:20,311 It represents not just a threat to gay freedom 374 00:17:20,311 --> 00:17:23,281 but to gay life itself. 375 00:17:29,927 --> 00:17:31,321 - What do you think it is about the gay lifestyle 376 00:17:31,321 --> 00:17:33,801 that turns off so many straights? 377 00:17:33,801 --> 00:17:36,392 - Well, probably that we have so much style 378 00:17:36,392 --> 00:17:38,840 and so much fun, that we have more interesting 379 00:17:38,840 --> 00:17:41,001 jobs than they do. 380 00:17:41,001 --> 00:17:44,248 That we generally know how to live better. 381 00:17:44,248 --> 00:17:46,498 That's probably what it is. 382 00:17:47,544 --> 00:17:52,051 (disco music) 383 00:17:55,768 --> 00:17:57,864 - [Voiceover] By the late 1970's, gays 384 00:17:57,864 --> 00:18:01,971 were experiencing unprecendented freedom. 385 00:18:02,424 --> 00:18:04,071 - It was actually fabulous to be gay in New York 386 00:18:04,071 --> 00:18:05,432 at that time. 387 00:18:05,432 --> 00:18:06,681 We weren't thinking of marriage, 388 00:18:06,681 --> 00:18:08,201 getting rid of don't ask, don't tell, 389 00:18:08,201 --> 00:18:09,784 of getting into the Boy Scouts. 390 00:18:09,784 --> 00:18:12,344 Those things weren't even issues. 391 00:18:12,344 --> 00:18:14,744 - Between 69 and 81, it was the only period 392 00:18:14,744 --> 00:18:16,872 in human history when everybody, 393 00:18:16,872 --> 00:18:19,624 straight or gay, was free to do what they wanted to 394 00:18:19,624 --> 00:18:22,568 sexually because there was birth control, 395 00:18:22,568 --> 00:18:26,801 there were antibiotics and religion was on the wain. 396 00:18:27,641 --> 00:18:29,401 That was the golden age of promiscuity, 397 00:18:29,401 --> 00:18:31,778 both for straights and gays. 398 00:18:34,711 --> 00:18:37,031 - [Voiceover] But in 1981, an enormous 399 00:18:37,031 --> 00:18:39,721 tragedy hits the gay community as a rare 400 00:18:39,721 --> 00:18:43,144 and deadly form of cancer shows up in 41 401 00:18:43,144 --> 00:18:46,611 homosexual men in New York and San Francisco. 402 00:18:47,784 --> 00:18:49,801 Word of the outbreak spreads rapidly through 403 00:18:49,801 --> 00:18:52,194 the gay community. 404 00:18:52,631 --> 00:18:55,080 - People didn't know what caused AIDs, 405 00:18:55,080 --> 00:18:56,664 they thought maybe it had something to do 406 00:18:56,664 --> 00:18:58,168 with sex but maybe it had something to do 407 00:18:58,168 --> 00:18:59,464 with hepatitis. 408 00:18:59,464 --> 00:19:01,832 There were all these crazy theories. 409 00:19:01,832 --> 00:19:04,808 And since gay liberation was sexual liberation 410 00:19:04,808 --> 00:19:07,224 for us, the idea of giving up sex was just 411 00:19:07,224 --> 00:19:08,744 so amazing. 412 00:19:08,744 --> 00:19:10,728 Anyway, we were young men, we weren't 413 00:19:10,728 --> 00:19:13,554 going to stop having sex. 414 00:19:14,088 --> 00:19:16,441 - We had the doctors saying, "You need to stop 415 00:19:16,441 --> 00:19:19,128 "having sex," and the sexual liberationists 416 00:19:19,128 --> 00:19:20,872 which were most gay activists were like, 417 00:19:20,872 --> 00:19:21,992 "You don't know that," and there was 418 00:19:21,992 --> 00:19:23,784 doubting of the science. 419 00:19:23,784 --> 00:19:26,024 It was a whole threat to what we had built 420 00:19:26,024 --> 00:19:28,216 up to that point and what the gay rights 421 00:19:28,216 --> 00:19:31,320 movement had focused on up until that point 422 00:19:31,320 --> 00:19:33,889 which was sexual liberation. 423 00:19:34,952 --> 00:19:36,440 - You would see men in their 20's and 30's 424 00:19:36,440 --> 00:19:38,280 walking along with canes. 425 00:19:38,280 --> 00:19:40,215 And the pages of the BAR would have obituaries 426 00:19:40,215 --> 00:19:42,056 every week. 427 00:19:42,056 --> 00:19:45,097 It was a dark time in San Francisco history. 428 00:19:45,097 --> 00:19:46,952 Over 10,000 people in this zip code alone 429 00:19:46,952 --> 00:19:50,626 died from AIDs. 430 00:19:50,792 --> 00:19:53,912 I remember finding it easy to find rentals 431 00:19:53,912 --> 00:19:56,295 for an apartment because there were gay men 432 00:19:56,295 --> 00:19:58,882 who had died and didn't have family. 433 00:19:59,912 --> 00:20:01,640 - This is a 1980 Christmas party. 434 00:20:01,640 --> 00:20:05,730 Everybody but myself has died of AIDs. 435 00:20:08,712 --> 00:20:10,200 Everybody seemed to have been infected 436 00:20:10,200 --> 00:20:11,672 before they found out and then it was 437 00:20:11,672 --> 00:20:16,672 just a little too late to do much of anything. 438 00:20:17,849 --> 00:20:19,449 Through the 80's, mostly you were always 439 00:20:19,449 --> 00:20:21,832 taking people to the hospitals 440 00:20:21,832 --> 00:20:25,106 or going to funerals, something. 441 00:20:25,160 --> 00:20:27,346 Sad, sad time. 442 00:20:29,049 --> 00:20:31,480 - Lots of gay men got sick and once you were 443 00:20:31,480 --> 00:20:33,672 sick you were probably out because 444 00:20:33,672 --> 00:20:35,431 if you were recognizable as a person 445 00:20:35,431 --> 00:20:36,969 with AIDs, people were going to think 446 00:20:36,969 --> 00:20:39,330 you were gay whether you were gay or not. 447 00:20:39,912 --> 00:20:42,056 - We didn't realize until we were forced 448 00:20:42,056 --> 00:20:44,920 out of the closet how hated we were. 449 00:20:44,920 --> 00:20:46,920 We created all these little cocoons 450 00:20:46,920 --> 00:20:50,169 for each other so we didn't have to feel that hate 451 00:20:50,169 --> 00:20:53,256 or know how that hate could play out. 452 00:20:53,256 --> 00:20:56,296 And so AIDs taught us that. 453 00:20:56,296 --> 00:20:59,922 AIDs taught us how much America hated us. 454 00:21:02,072 --> 00:21:04,199 - It's hard to remember now because it was 455 00:21:04,199 --> 00:21:07,816 so insane and barbaric but there were calls 456 00:21:07,816 --> 00:21:11,761 for quarantine, tattooing people who had HIV. 457 00:21:12,056 --> 00:21:15,448 As a society, we stalled and stalled and stalled 458 00:21:15,448 --> 00:21:18,520 and enormous amounts of deaths took place 459 00:21:18,520 --> 00:21:21,849 but also the epidemic became enormously more 460 00:21:21,849 --> 00:21:23,810 rooted. 461 00:21:25,129 --> 00:21:26,935 - [Voiceover] 70% of the country's AIDs victims 462 00:21:26,935 --> 00:21:29,209 are homosexual and in cities throughout 463 00:21:29,209 --> 00:21:32,456 the country gays have become increasingly alarmed. 464 00:21:32,456 --> 00:21:34,312 But now they are also concerned about another 465 00:21:34,312 --> 00:21:37,176 kind of epidemic, an epidemic of fear that is 466 00:21:37,176 --> 00:21:39,816 spreading faster than the disease itself. 467 00:21:39,816 --> 00:21:40,680 - As you walk down the street, you can 468 00:21:40,680 --> 00:21:42,616 feel people pointing at you. 469 00:21:42,616 --> 00:21:45,929 Saying, "He's one who has it." 470 00:21:45,929 --> 00:21:46,840 - I lost my job. 471 00:21:46,840 --> 00:21:48,200 I lost my housing. 472 00:21:48,200 --> 00:21:50,489 I lost friends. 473 00:21:50,489 --> 00:21:53,778 I lost my own individuality. 474 00:21:55,240 --> 00:21:57,288 - [Voiceover] As the number of deaths climbs, 475 00:21:57,288 --> 00:21:59,112 the gay community becomes increasingly 476 00:21:59,112 --> 00:22:01,736 angry at a government that is dragging its feet 477 00:22:01,736 --> 00:22:06,002 and a society that seems indifferent to the crisis. 478 00:22:06,489 --> 00:22:08,329 - As the years go by, people are just getting 479 00:22:08,329 --> 00:22:12,050 more and more fed up and they just want it to end. 480 00:22:15,320 --> 00:22:18,920 - Here we were, six years into the crisis, 481 00:22:18,920 --> 00:22:21,495 thousands of us had been diagnosed with AIDs, 482 00:22:21,495 --> 00:22:24,713 and thousands have died and our president 483 00:22:24,713 --> 00:22:27,122 hadn't even said the word? 484 00:22:27,704 --> 00:22:29,353 - Let's stay together, let's stay united! 485 00:22:29,353 --> 00:22:31,160 - Our mayor was ignoring it. 486 00:22:31,160 --> 00:22:33,080 Our government wasn't spending anything 487 00:22:33,080 --> 00:22:34,994 on AIDs research. 488 00:22:38,200 --> 00:22:40,616 - [Voiceover] In 1986, a new kind of gay rights 489 00:22:40,616 --> 00:22:43,415 organization was born. 490 00:22:43,415 --> 00:22:46,376 - [Voiceover] It was a very strong movement from day one. 491 00:22:46,376 --> 00:22:49,480 The first meetings had over 100 people in them. 492 00:22:49,480 --> 00:22:50,920 That's big. 493 00:22:50,920 --> 00:22:54,295 We grew very fast and from the getgo, 494 00:22:54,295 --> 00:22:56,553 we made national press. 495 00:22:56,553 --> 00:22:57,656 - We're wearing all black. 496 00:22:57,656 --> 00:23:00,914 Our posters are tombstones. 497 00:23:03,216 --> 00:23:05,455 - I started coming here right after the very first 498 00:23:05,455 --> 00:23:07,952 act of demonstration which happened 499 00:23:07,952 --> 00:23:11,498 right outside where I worked. 500 00:23:11,535 --> 00:23:13,279 I found boyfriends here. 501 00:23:13,279 --> 00:23:15,375 I found friends for life. 502 00:23:15,375 --> 00:23:18,089 And I lost a lot of people here. 503 00:23:19,119 --> 00:23:21,151 I remember it filled with people, 504 00:23:21,151 --> 00:23:25,328 sweaty, fired up and angry, and sexy, 505 00:23:25,328 --> 00:23:28,335 and ready for (mumbles) and loving each other 506 00:23:28,335 --> 00:23:30,208 and loving what we were doing. 507 00:23:30,208 --> 00:23:31,888 - You said, "Come back in a year," 508 00:23:31,888 --> 00:23:35,850 time's up, Mario, we're here! 509 00:23:36,031 --> 00:23:39,119 - We were singularly focused on HIV-AIDs 510 00:23:39,119 --> 00:23:41,519 from 87 to 93. 511 00:23:41,519 --> 00:23:44,751 That's all we talked about and it's all we used 512 00:23:44,751 --> 00:23:46,779 to build the gay rights movement. 513 00:23:47,135 --> 00:23:51,818 - [Voiceover] Joseph Campbell, Alex Zicarti, 514 00:23:52,415 --> 00:23:56,271 Fred Jones, Lewis Engle. 515 00:23:56,271 --> 00:23:58,079 - [Voiceover] As the years go by and the death toll 516 00:23:58,079 --> 00:24:01,919 climbs ever higher, the AIDs crisis utterly consumes 517 00:24:01,919 --> 00:24:04,575 the movement for gay equality. 518 00:24:04,575 --> 00:24:07,919 - It took awhile for people to move beyond 519 00:24:07,919 --> 00:24:10,128 the confusion and the questions to reach 520 00:24:10,128 --> 00:24:12,879 a point where there was this kind of collective 521 00:24:12,879 --> 00:24:15,249 understanding within the movement that this 522 00:24:15,249 --> 00:24:18,218 was a catastrophic situation. 523 00:24:18,319 --> 00:24:21,471 This became what defined us. 524 00:24:21,471 --> 00:24:23,568 It was just a nightmare. 525 00:24:23,568 --> 00:24:27,818 It was just an absolute nightmare. 526 00:24:29,039 --> 00:24:30,591 People didn't know what to do. 527 00:24:30,591 --> 00:24:33,801 Everybody was just trying to save people's lives. 528 00:24:36,735 --> 00:24:38,832 - If you stayed quiet, if you were complacent, 529 00:24:38,832 --> 00:24:40,879 if you wanted to just go to cocktail parties 530 00:24:40,879 --> 00:24:42,831 and never discuss it because it was too painful 531 00:24:42,831 --> 00:24:46,298 to discuss that everybody was going to end up dead. 532 00:24:46,719 --> 00:24:49,545 - [Crowd] No walking out! 533 00:24:51,009 --> 00:24:52,959 - [Voiceover] And AIDs also transforms 534 00:24:52,959 --> 00:24:55,739 the way the world sees gay men. 535 00:24:56,399 --> 00:24:59,888 - America had never seen an angry gay community, 536 00:24:59,888 --> 00:25:01,775 willing to go in front of the cameras, 537 00:25:01,775 --> 00:25:03,071 laying down in the streets, 538 00:25:03,071 --> 00:25:07,401 demanding to be heard and in a sympathetic role. 539 00:25:07,968 --> 00:25:11,008 And even if they were uncomfortable with the idea 540 00:25:11,008 --> 00:25:15,600 of homosexuality, it hurt the country to know that 541 00:25:15,600 --> 00:25:18,320 some of its citizens were dying and the country 542 00:25:18,320 --> 00:25:20,735 was doing nothing. 543 00:25:20,735 --> 00:25:23,129 That troubled them. 544 00:25:26,208 --> 00:25:28,175 - [Voiceover] The rise of Act Up transforms 545 00:25:28,175 --> 00:25:30,970 the way that gay men see themselves. 546 00:25:32,288 --> 00:25:34,799 - Act Up really made me nervous. 547 00:25:34,799 --> 00:25:36,079 I'm 20 something years old. 548 00:25:36,079 --> 00:25:37,199 I'm coming out. 549 00:25:37,199 --> 00:25:38,559 I'm in the middle of this AIDs epidemic 550 00:25:38,559 --> 00:25:41,785 and, yes, it's not good but we're pissing off people? 551 00:25:41,808 --> 00:25:44,208 - [Crowd] No more red tape, no more red tape! 552 00:25:44,208 --> 00:25:46,335 - Act Up shut down the opera house on opening night. 553 00:25:46,335 --> 00:25:48,079 It made headlines all over the place. 554 00:25:48,079 --> 00:25:50,288 Oh, you're making people angry that can help us. 555 00:25:50,288 --> 00:25:52,368 And then as I got older, and especially now, 556 00:25:52,368 --> 00:25:55,658 I realize that Act Up saved people's lives. 557 00:25:57,152 --> 00:25:58,896 - We've never gotten a government official 558 00:25:58,896 --> 00:26:00,991 to start liking homosexuals 559 00:26:00,991 --> 00:26:04,105 but we have shamed them into doing what we want. 560 00:26:07,312 --> 00:26:08,959 - Our friends were dying. 561 00:26:08,959 --> 00:26:12,079 Our family members were dying. 562 00:26:12,079 --> 00:26:13,951 In order to move pharmaceutical companies 563 00:26:13,951 --> 00:26:17,888 and policy makers off a comfortable position, 564 00:26:17,888 --> 00:26:20,528 they made individual's lives uncomfortable. 565 00:26:20,528 --> 00:26:22,656 - You have no right to interupt this symposium. 566 00:26:22,656 --> 00:26:25,359 - You will not learn anything about combination 567 00:26:25,359 --> 00:26:27,391 anti-retroviral therapy. 568 00:26:27,391 --> 00:26:29,775 - There are doctors in this audience with AIDs 569 00:26:29,775 --> 00:26:32,031 who don't want to be interupted by you. 570 00:26:32,031 --> 00:26:34,415 - And that's all there is to it! 571 00:26:34,415 --> 00:26:37,929 - [Crowd] No more words, we want action! 572 00:26:38,079 --> 00:26:39,839 - What may have looked a little bit like chaos 573 00:26:39,839 --> 00:26:42,255 on the outside, there was a strategic center 574 00:26:42,255 --> 00:26:45,328 that was rather brilliant. 575 00:26:45,328 --> 00:26:47,519 People don't see us. 576 00:26:47,519 --> 00:26:51,808 People don't see the enormity of the disease 577 00:26:51,808 --> 00:26:55,615 and the human cost of the disease so strategically 578 00:26:55,615 --> 00:27:00,615 what we're doing is we're making people look at us. 579 00:27:02,671 --> 00:27:05,647 - The AIDs epidemic illustrated just how far 580 00:27:05,647 --> 00:27:09,023 we needed to go to right the injustices that were 581 00:27:09,023 --> 00:27:13,130 a part of the LGBT experience in this country. 582 00:27:17,951 --> 00:27:20,527 If you thought you knew what it mean to be brave, 583 00:27:20,527 --> 00:27:22,927 and then you watched a guy like Peter Staley 584 00:27:22,927 --> 00:27:26,351 and then you say, "Oh, okay, now I know what it means 585 00:27:26,351 --> 00:27:28,313 "to be brave." 586 00:27:28,608 --> 00:27:31,097 - [Crowd] The whole world is watching! 587 00:27:31,471 --> 00:27:33,327 - [Voiceover] In the crucible of AIDs, 588 00:27:33,327 --> 00:27:36,240 the modern gay right movement is born. 589 00:27:37,975 --> 00:27:39,671 - I do not think that we would have same sex 590 00:27:39,671 --> 00:27:41,431 marriage if we hadn't, unfortunately, lost 591 00:27:41,431 --> 00:27:44,231 tens of thousands of people in this country 592 00:27:44,231 --> 00:27:47,041 and millions worldwide to AIDs. 593 00:27:47,192 --> 00:27:49,671 AIDs was the biggest coming out event 594 00:27:49,671 --> 00:27:52,081 in world history. 595 00:27:54,007 --> 00:27:55,751 - [Voiceover] Over the course of its history, 596 00:27:55,751 --> 00:27:58,935 Act Up evolves from an activist group to a group 597 00:27:58,935 --> 00:28:02,641 intimately involved in drug research and testing. 598 00:28:03,865 --> 00:28:07,255 In 1996, its efforts pay off with the first 599 00:28:07,255 --> 00:28:11,345 class of drugs that start to save lives. 600 00:28:12,408 --> 00:28:15,415 - It became this modern patient advocacy movement 601 00:28:15,415 --> 00:28:18,647 where you self-educate and become the experts. 602 00:28:18,647 --> 00:28:21,431 - Can we all, before it's too late, begin 603 00:28:21,431 --> 00:28:23,335 to understand each other? 604 00:28:23,335 --> 00:28:24,887 Will we realize-- 605 00:28:24,887 --> 00:28:27,016 - We lowered the death rates by 80%. 606 00:28:27,016 --> 00:28:28,935 Going from zero where the government 607 00:28:28,935 --> 00:28:32,391 wasn't doing anything to having a two billion 608 00:28:32,391 --> 00:28:36,471 dollar NIH research budget, all pushing towards 609 00:28:36,471 --> 00:28:38,505 those treatments and ultimately brought 610 00:28:38,505 --> 00:28:41,986 those drugs to eight million people. 611 00:28:42,535 --> 00:28:44,487 We just completely shattered their impression 612 00:28:44,487 --> 00:28:48,008 of who we are as a people, 613 00:28:48,008 --> 00:28:49,895 what we're capable of, how we were 614 00:28:49,895 --> 00:28:51,671 taking care of each other, 615 00:28:51,671 --> 00:28:54,231 how we weren't limp wristed and weak 616 00:28:54,231 --> 00:28:58,017 and quietly going to go off into the corner and die. 617 00:28:59,031 --> 00:29:00,984 We found our voice. 618 00:29:00,984 --> 00:29:03,176 We found our power and it was because 619 00:29:03,176 --> 00:29:05,777 AIDs forced us out of the closet. 620 00:29:14,135 --> 00:29:17,127 - [Voiceover] As of December 31st, 2000, 621 00:29:17,127 --> 00:29:19,527 almost half a million people had died 622 00:29:19,527 --> 00:29:22,498 in North America. 623 00:29:23,607 --> 00:29:25,607 Those who have been fighting on the front lines 624 00:29:25,607 --> 00:29:27,271 are exhausted. 625 00:29:27,271 --> 00:29:30,215 Many of the movement leaders are dead. 626 00:29:30,215 --> 00:29:32,615 And as the crisis ebbs and men who are sick 627 00:29:32,615 --> 00:29:35,672 start to get better, the leaders of the AIDs 628 00:29:35,672 --> 00:29:38,114 activist movement drift away. 629 00:29:41,527 --> 00:29:44,167 - After all that fighting against AIDs, 630 00:29:44,167 --> 00:29:46,167 and all the loss we had gone through 631 00:29:46,167 --> 00:29:48,711 and all the memorials we had attended, 632 00:29:48,711 --> 00:29:51,047 we just all went running for the doors. 633 00:29:51,047 --> 00:29:53,441 And we walked away. 634 00:29:55,288 --> 00:29:57,144 - [Voiceover] None of the AIDs activists will play 635 00:29:57,144 --> 00:30:00,535 a major role in the battles to come. 636 00:30:00,535 --> 00:30:03,384 In their wake comes a new kind of movement, 637 00:30:03,384 --> 00:30:05,954 with a new set of goals. 638 00:30:14,505 --> 00:30:16,007 - [Crowd] History will recall, 639 00:30:16,007 --> 00:30:18,615 Reagan and Bush did nothing at all. 640 00:30:20,283 --> 00:30:23,147 - [Voiceover] Of all the legacies of the AIDs epidemic, 641 00:30:23,147 --> 00:30:25,467 one of the biggest was that it taught gays 642 00:30:25,467 --> 00:30:28,726 how to fight back. 643 00:30:31,947 --> 00:30:34,236 - We were not going to be ushered back into a closet. 644 00:30:34,236 --> 00:30:36,987 So many of our friends, so many of our family members 645 00:30:36,987 --> 00:30:41,787 had died that we owed it to them to live life 646 00:30:41,787 --> 00:30:46,757 out, as proud members of American society. 647 00:30:49,419 --> 00:30:50,843 - [Voiceover] And the experience of dealing 648 00:30:50,843 --> 00:30:52,588 with unresponsive government 649 00:30:52,588 --> 00:30:55,499 and an indifferent society convinced the movement 650 00:30:55,499 --> 00:30:59,127 that the next fight had to be for full equality. 651 00:30:59,916 --> 00:31:02,763 - It left us with a sense of how daunting 652 00:31:02,763 --> 00:31:04,556 the work was going to be, 653 00:31:04,556 --> 00:31:07,483 how elected officials in particular could simply 654 00:31:07,483 --> 00:31:11,206 ignore us when our lives were at stake. 655 00:31:12,603 --> 00:31:14,428 When I think of where we are today 656 00:31:14,428 --> 00:31:18,347 as a strategic, smart, determined movement, 657 00:31:18,347 --> 00:31:21,067 it really formed a lot of the ways in which 658 00:31:21,067 --> 00:31:23,036 we've gone about doing anything that we've 659 00:31:23,036 --> 00:31:25,286 set out to do ever since. 660 00:31:28,027 --> 00:31:30,587 - The first part is the generational question 661 00:31:30,587 --> 00:31:33,126 of who lived and who died. 662 00:31:34,683 --> 00:31:36,363 You did have for a long period of time, 663 00:31:36,363 --> 00:31:39,260 10 to 15 years, nobody having hope 664 00:31:39,260 --> 00:31:43,083 that they could survive once they had the virus. 665 00:31:43,083 --> 00:31:46,283 But that built a political movement as well. 666 00:31:46,283 --> 00:31:47,979 You had a number of organizations created 667 00:31:47,979 --> 00:31:50,557 during that time who realized that this 668 00:31:50,557 --> 00:31:52,763 was an opportunity, there was political strength 669 00:31:52,763 --> 00:31:54,267 there and that people were ready to start 670 00:31:54,267 --> 00:31:56,077 using their political voice. 671 00:31:56,077 --> 00:31:58,838 (crowds chanting) 672 00:32:02,203 --> 00:32:04,043 - [Voiceover] With the dawn of a new millenium, 673 00:32:04,043 --> 00:32:06,059 the movement for marriage equality gains 674 00:32:06,059 --> 00:32:09,334 momentum in both Canada and the United States. 675 00:32:13,707 --> 00:32:17,116 The goal is fair and equal treatment under the law 676 00:32:17,116 --> 00:32:20,316 and the right to access tax benefits and spousal rights 677 00:32:20,316 --> 00:32:25,316 previously available only to heterosexuals. 678 00:32:27,563 --> 00:32:30,587 In 2003, in a landmark decision that makes 679 00:32:30,587 --> 00:32:33,387 headlines around the world, the Canadian 680 00:32:33,387 --> 00:32:36,379 government announces the right of gay people 681 00:32:36,379 --> 00:32:39,846 to marry is to become the law of the land. 682 00:32:43,163 --> 00:32:45,803 And the world's first legal gay marriage 683 00:32:45,803 --> 00:32:48,053 is a ceremony like no other. 684 00:32:55,387 --> 00:32:56,636 - We were picked up that morning 685 00:32:56,636 --> 00:32:58,203 in an unmarked vehicle. 686 00:32:58,203 --> 00:33:01,291 We were driven in a circuitous route to the church. 687 00:33:01,291 --> 00:33:03,708 There were protesters with devil masks. 688 00:33:03,708 --> 00:33:06,188 They had a coffin with a knife through it, 689 00:33:06,188 --> 00:33:07,259 saying this was the death of marriage 690 00:33:07,259 --> 00:33:09,061 and the death of family. 691 00:33:10,395 --> 00:33:12,588 - We had been told by security people 692 00:33:12,588 --> 00:33:14,651 the moment we sign the wedding documents, 693 00:33:14,651 --> 00:33:16,155 that's the time that they're going to try to prevent 694 00:33:16,155 --> 00:33:17,740 you from signing. 695 00:33:17,740 --> 00:33:20,838 And if we hear a shot, don't move somebody will move you. 696 00:33:20,971 --> 00:33:23,419 - Duly married in the eyes of God and in accordance 697 00:33:23,419 --> 00:33:25,765 with the laws of our land. 698 00:33:25,851 --> 00:33:28,101 (applause) 699 00:33:32,315 --> 00:33:34,565 - Repent! 700 00:33:34,795 --> 00:33:36,395 - [Voiceover] As gay marriage galvanizes 701 00:33:36,395 --> 00:33:39,035 the movement, it garners a great deal of attention 702 00:33:39,035 --> 00:33:41,419 in the straight world. 703 00:33:41,419 --> 00:33:43,499 The religious right, hellbent on stopping it, 704 00:33:43,499 --> 00:33:45,638 doubles down. 705 00:33:47,963 --> 00:33:50,443 - I kept watching the gay marriage debate 706 00:33:50,443 --> 00:33:54,348 saying, "That's going to be a tough one. 707 00:33:54,348 --> 00:33:58,741 "They don't want us to win on that one." 708 00:33:59,915 --> 00:34:02,011 - [Voiceover] But this time the resources 709 00:34:02,011 --> 00:34:03,579 and the level of sophistication that the movement 710 00:34:03,579 --> 00:34:06,885 brings to the fight are unprecedented. 711 00:34:06,939 --> 00:34:08,491 - [Voiceover] Now, across our country, 712 00:34:08,491 --> 00:34:10,010 we are standing together for the right 713 00:34:10,010 --> 00:34:12,298 of gay and lesbian Americans to marry 714 00:34:12,298 --> 00:34:14,629 the person they love. 715 00:34:14,668 --> 00:34:16,859 - The process perhaps is no different 716 00:34:16,859 --> 00:34:19,035 than the way that Kellogg's goes about selling 717 00:34:19,035 --> 00:34:21,228 cereal to consumers. 718 00:34:21,228 --> 00:34:23,898 It's based upon market research which involves 719 00:34:23,898 --> 00:34:26,155 polling and focus groups and all of that 720 00:34:26,155 --> 00:34:27,468 is massaged into an eventual narrative. 721 00:34:27,468 --> 00:34:30,678 - Gay and lesbian couples should have 722 00:34:31,130 --> 00:34:32,634 every right to experience the joys of marriage 723 00:34:32,634 --> 00:34:35,147 and family that we do. 724 00:34:38,220 --> 00:34:41,132 - Marriage is an institution of equality 725 00:34:41,132 --> 00:34:43,715 that pulls an awful lot of other issues with it. 726 00:34:44,604 --> 00:34:47,925 It is a central institution to our way of life. 727 00:34:48,780 --> 00:34:50,548 We grew up with parents. 728 00:34:50,548 --> 00:34:53,091 We understand that marriage is about love, 729 00:34:53,121 --> 00:34:55,158 committment and family. 730 00:34:55,908 --> 00:35:00,306 It's an easy way to explain what equality is like. 731 00:35:02,829 --> 00:35:04,524 - [Voiceover] With marriage as the standard 732 00:35:04,524 --> 00:35:06,925 bearer, the movement pushes for acceptance 733 00:35:06,925 --> 00:35:10,662 in one bastion of heterosexual power after another. 734 00:35:11,901 --> 00:35:13,788 - Society is going to fight hardest to keep 735 00:35:13,788 --> 00:35:16,188 things that it wants for itself and that it doesn't 736 00:35:16,188 --> 00:35:19,324 want you to have so I have spent the bulk 737 00:35:19,324 --> 00:35:21,262 of my career trying to get gay people 738 00:35:21,262 --> 00:35:25,862 into the Boy Scouts, the military, and marriage. 739 00:35:25,948 --> 00:35:27,484 I have never been in the Boy Scouts. 740 00:35:27,484 --> 00:35:28,685 I have never been in the military. 741 00:35:28,685 --> 00:35:29,901 I have never been married 742 00:35:29,901 --> 00:35:31,292 and I have never particularly wanted 743 00:35:31,292 --> 00:35:33,101 to do any of those things. 744 00:35:33,101 --> 00:35:35,548 But, if we don't have the option, then 745 00:35:35,548 --> 00:35:38,151 we're always going to be second class citizens. 746 00:35:42,908 --> 00:35:44,989 - When I first came out, I was disappointed 747 00:35:44,989 --> 00:35:47,308 that I wouldn't have that sort of wife and kids 748 00:35:47,308 --> 00:35:50,989 family and I think it took a couple of years. 749 00:35:50,989 --> 00:35:53,484 Probably college, right about when I met Duncan, 750 00:35:53,484 --> 00:35:57,558 that it clicked for me that I could have a husband and kids. 751 00:35:58,862 --> 00:36:01,453 If you're willing to accept equality, 752 00:36:01,453 --> 00:36:03,052 for gay people to get married, 753 00:36:03,052 --> 00:36:06,919 you really can't stop short of what that cultural story is. 754 00:36:07,101 --> 00:36:10,599 That usually evolves into a deeper comittment. 755 00:36:11,484 --> 00:36:14,092 The schoolyard song, "First comes love, 756 00:36:14,092 --> 00:36:16,998 "then comes marriage," what's next? 757 00:36:17,084 --> 00:36:19,133 "Then comes the baby in the baby carriage," right? 758 00:36:19,133 --> 00:36:21,309 In some cases it's not a baby, it's an older kid 759 00:36:21,309 --> 00:36:23,949 and it's foster or adoption but that's 760 00:36:23,949 --> 00:36:26,055 the natural progression. 761 00:36:26,524 --> 00:36:28,365 - [Voiceover] With the rise of the new messaging 762 00:36:28,365 --> 00:36:31,261 around marriage equality, mainstream attitudes 763 00:36:31,261 --> 00:36:35,286 toward homosexuality start to shift dramatically. 764 00:36:35,373 --> 00:36:37,934 - We are very much part of your community. 765 00:36:37,934 --> 00:36:39,836 We are people of color, we are men, 766 00:36:39,836 --> 00:36:41,356 we are women, we are trans, 767 00:36:41,356 --> 00:36:43,580 we are tall, we are short, we are doctors, 768 00:36:43,580 --> 00:36:47,207 we are lawyers, we are your neighbors. 769 00:36:47,837 --> 00:36:49,261 - [Voiceover] What this rise in acceptance 770 00:36:49,261 --> 00:36:51,869 means is that the options for gay people 771 00:36:51,869 --> 00:36:55,148 have never been more plentiful. 772 00:36:55,148 --> 00:36:56,940 - Nobody's telling them how to live their life. 773 00:36:56,940 --> 00:36:59,038 Nobody's telling them who they can be. 774 00:36:59,038 --> 00:37:01,164 Their future is theirs. 775 00:37:01,164 --> 00:37:02,557 They can see themself. 776 00:37:02,557 --> 00:37:05,862 They know they can be who they are. 777 00:37:05,862 --> 00:37:08,495 - When I first came out, I always assumed 778 00:37:08,495 --> 00:37:09,995 that if I found somebody I loved that I would 779 00:37:09,995 --> 00:37:11,355 be able to marry them. 780 00:37:11,548 --> 00:37:13,148 When the day did come that we were able 781 00:37:13,148 --> 00:37:15,891 to get married legally, and share life with somebody 782 00:37:15,891 --> 00:37:19,212 of the same sex, obviously I was extremely happy. 783 00:37:20,836 --> 00:37:23,939 - Around 2003, I could see that there was progress 784 00:37:23,939 --> 00:37:26,453 happening and people who were gay could lead 785 00:37:26,453 --> 00:37:28,644 a life with a partner and have a family 786 00:37:28,644 --> 00:37:32,462 and not sort of have to give all that up to be gay. 787 00:37:34,243 --> 00:37:36,525 It's the first time where I've ever really pictured 788 00:37:36,525 --> 00:37:39,053 a life with someone and it's good. 789 00:37:42,163 --> 00:37:43,923 - [Voiceover] And with the increasing integration 790 00:37:43,923 --> 00:37:47,187 into heterosexual culture, some are asking, 791 00:37:47,187 --> 00:37:49,869 "What does it even mean to be gay?" 792 00:37:56,147 --> 00:37:59,069 - My husband's bringing me a drink right now. 793 00:37:59,123 --> 00:38:01,054 - So is mine. 794 00:38:03,043 --> 00:38:05,524 - [Voiceover] In many ways, the world for gay people 795 00:38:05,524 --> 00:38:08,174 has never looked brighter. 796 00:38:08,403 --> 00:38:10,868 They've achieved a level of freedom unimaginable 797 00:38:10,868 --> 00:38:12,814 even 10 years ago. 798 00:38:14,403 --> 00:38:17,236 From pop culture to politics to big business, 799 00:38:17,236 --> 00:38:20,429 gays are changing the world. 800 00:38:22,339 --> 00:38:25,604 - This is a huge leap forward in that there are images 801 00:38:25,604 --> 00:38:28,500 of us that are being used to bring people together. 802 00:38:29,765 --> 00:38:32,197 We are being represented in these ads 803 00:38:32,197 --> 00:38:36,726 in a way that is inclusive, it is kind, it is smart. 804 00:38:36,726 --> 00:38:40,479 And is an effective strategy to sell things. 805 00:38:40,516 --> 00:38:42,645 As opposed to the years and years 806 00:38:42,645 --> 00:38:46,133 of our community being used as a selling tool 807 00:38:46,133 --> 00:38:47,998 to divide people. 808 00:38:52,437 --> 00:38:54,725 - The only way that gay people can contribute 809 00:38:54,725 --> 00:38:56,773 to anything is to be out. 810 00:38:56,773 --> 00:39:00,006 Because being gay is not a part of who we are, 811 00:39:00,006 --> 00:39:02,686 it's all of who we are. 812 00:39:03,669 --> 00:39:05,493 I think what the gay community has to teach 813 00:39:05,493 --> 00:39:07,668 the world is the power of not being afraid 814 00:39:07,668 --> 00:39:10,047 to be yourself. 815 00:39:10,773 --> 00:39:13,652 - [Voiceover] But can gay people have it both ways? 816 00:39:13,652 --> 00:39:15,892 Can they blend into mainstream society 817 00:39:15,892 --> 00:39:18,446 and still hang onto what makes them unique? 818 00:39:19,636 --> 00:39:21,333 - A lot of people say that the fight 819 00:39:21,333 --> 00:39:24,309 for same sex marriage is all about assimilation. 820 00:39:24,309 --> 00:39:26,148 We are becoming just like straight people. 821 00:39:26,148 --> 00:39:28,468 To me, assimilation is just a multi-syllable word 822 00:39:28,468 --> 00:39:30,206 for equality. 823 00:39:31,446 --> 00:39:32,868 - We don't want to blend in. 824 00:39:32,868 --> 00:39:35,703 We just want to be treated with the same 825 00:39:35,703 --> 00:39:38,482 respect and fairness under protection of the law. 826 00:39:38,600 --> 00:39:40,952 And that's what I think this next generation 827 00:39:40,952 --> 00:39:43,192 really have an opportunity to do which is 828 00:39:43,192 --> 00:39:45,673 maintain the specialness of our community 829 00:39:45,673 --> 00:39:49,383 and also expand the area of rights and opportunities 830 00:39:49,383 --> 00:39:52,305 that the LGBT community has been fighting so hard for. 831 00:39:56,952 --> 00:39:58,279 - [Voiceover] But as the boundaries 832 00:39:58,279 --> 00:40:00,695 between straight and gay break down, 833 00:40:00,695 --> 00:40:02,264 some are left wondering what might 834 00:40:02,264 --> 00:40:05,073 have been lost on the road to full equality. 835 00:40:06,440 --> 00:40:07,879 - One of the great things about being gay 836 00:40:07,879 --> 00:40:11,224 was my parents never said, "Why aren't you married?" 837 00:40:11,431 --> 00:40:14,121 Now I have to hear this every day. 838 00:40:14,121 --> 00:40:17,330 "Why aren't you married?" 839 00:40:18,071 --> 00:40:19,767 Getting married and going into the armed forces 840 00:40:19,767 --> 00:40:22,487 were the two last things I'd ever want for myself. 841 00:40:22,487 --> 00:40:25,560 While I appreciate the importance of those rights 842 00:40:25,560 --> 00:40:28,280 for the community and I fight tirelessly for them, 843 00:40:28,280 --> 00:40:31,351 there's something a little banal about just wanting 844 00:40:31,351 --> 00:40:33,921 to be married and wanting to go kill people overseas. 845 00:40:34,151 --> 00:40:37,121 It's what other people always did. 846 00:40:37,272 --> 00:40:38,663 - I hope we're not raising a whole generation 847 00:40:38,663 --> 00:40:40,407 of 22 year olds who are spending all their time 848 00:40:40,407 --> 00:40:43,191 like reading Bride magazine and planning their weddings 849 00:40:43,191 --> 00:40:46,983 because I think, "but isn't that a sign of a certain 850 00:40:46,983 --> 00:40:49,857 "emptiness?" 851 00:40:50,071 --> 00:40:52,440 I don't really think that gay stepford wives 852 00:40:52,440 --> 00:40:55,857 is a great solution to this movement. 853 00:40:56,952 --> 00:40:58,647 - [Voiceover] Today the gay rights movement 854 00:40:58,647 --> 00:41:00,727 is defined by how far it has come since 855 00:41:00,727 --> 00:41:03,847 the darkest days of the AIDs crisis. 856 00:41:03,847 --> 00:41:06,408 And the change may reflect something more 857 00:41:06,408 --> 00:41:08,657 than just the passage of time. 858 00:41:09,480 --> 00:41:11,303 - It's human nature. 859 00:41:11,303 --> 00:41:14,311 They don't see the death that propelled us 860 00:41:14,311 --> 00:41:18,242 into the streets in the late 80's 861 00:41:18,744 --> 00:41:22,183 and people really long to get past that. 862 00:41:22,183 --> 00:41:25,191 They want their generation to be known 863 00:41:25,191 --> 00:41:27,970 for these glorious victories. 864 00:41:28,903 --> 00:41:30,968 - The idea that there is a generation 865 00:41:30,968 --> 00:41:34,280 of men and women who don't have to wonder 866 00:41:34,280 --> 00:41:37,080 whether or not they can marry the person 867 00:41:37,080 --> 00:41:41,543 that they love, who don't have to worry about being 868 00:41:41,543 --> 00:41:44,311 able to be with the person they love when they're dying 869 00:41:44,311 --> 00:41:49,311 in a hospital, is really a tremendous, tremendous feeling. 870 00:41:51,271 --> 00:41:54,263 At some point we will be far enough away from 871 00:41:54,263 --> 00:41:57,223 the struggle where we have the possibility 872 00:41:57,223 --> 00:41:59,960 of not remembering it and that's one of the great 873 00:41:59,960 --> 00:42:02,087 responsibilities that we have to share 874 00:42:02,087 --> 00:42:03,960 with the younger generation. 875 00:42:03,960 --> 00:42:05,831 I don't want them to have to live through that 876 00:42:05,831 --> 00:42:08,290 but I don't want them not to know. 877 00:42:11,383 --> 00:42:14,072 - I went to my grandniece's gay wedding. 878 00:42:14,072 --> 00:42:16,264 They'd been going together for 12 years 879 00:42:16,264 --> 00:42:18,167 and her partner's son was a preacher 880 00:42:18,167 --> 00:42:19,671 and he officiated it. 881 00:42:19,671 --> 00:42:21,271 Here I am sitting in Des Moines, Iowa 882 00:42:21,271 --> 00:42:24,097 at a gay wedding and who would have ever thought. 883 00:42:24,471 --> 00:42:28,753 I was actually quite proud of it to tell you the truth. 64669

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