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when i was 27 years old i left a very
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demanding job in management consulting
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for a job that was even more demanding
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teaching
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i went to teach seventh graders math in
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the new york city public schools
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and like any teacher i made quizzes and
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tests i gave out homework assignments
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when the work came back i calculated
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grades
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what struck me
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was that iq was not the only difference
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between my best and my worst students
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some of my strongest performers did not
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have stratospheric iq scores
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some of my smartest kids
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weren't doing so well
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and that got me thinking
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the kinds of things you need to learn in
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seventh grade math sure they're hard
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ratios decimals the area of a
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parallelogram
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but these concepts are not impossible
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and i was firmly convinced that every
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one of my students could learn the
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material
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if they worked hard and long enough
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after several more years of teaching
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i came to the conclusion that what we
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need in education is a much better
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understanding of students and learning
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from a motivational perspective from a
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psychological perspective
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in education the one thing we know how
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to measure best is iq
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but what if doing well in school
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and in life
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depends on much more than your ability
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to learn quickly and easily
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so i left the classroom
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and i went to graduate school to become
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a
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psychologist i started studying kids and
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adults in all kinds of super challenging
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settings
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and in every study my question was who
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is successful here and why
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my research team and i went to west
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point military academy
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we tried to predict which cadets would
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stay in military training and which
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would drop out
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we went to the national spelling bee and
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tried to predict which children would
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advance farthest in
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competition we studied rookie teachers
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working in really tough neighborhoods
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asking which teachers are still going to
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be here in teaching by the end of the
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school year
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and of those who will be the most
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effective at improving learning outcomes
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for their students
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we partnered with private companies
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asking which of these sales people is
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going to keep their jobs and who's going
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to earn the most money
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in all those very different contexts
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one characteristic emerged as a
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significant predictor of success
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and it wasn't social intelligence
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it wasn't good looks
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physical health
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and it wasn't iq
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it was grit
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grit is passion and perseverance for
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very long term goals
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grit is having stamina
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grit is sticking with your future
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day in day out
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not just for the week
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not just for the month
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but for years
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and working really hard to make that
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future a reality
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grit is living life like it's a marathon
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not a sprint
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a few years ago i started studying grit
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in the chicago public schools
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i asked thousands of high school juniors
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to take great questionnaires and then
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waited around more than a year to see
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who would graduate
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turns out that grittier kids were
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significantly more likely to graduate
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even when i matched them on every
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characteristic i could measure things
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like family income
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standardized achievement test scores
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even how safe kids felt when they were
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at school
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so it's not just at west point or the
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national spelling bee that grit matters
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it's also in school
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especially for kids at risk for dropping
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out
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to me the most shocking thing about grit
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is how little we know how little science
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knows about building it
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every day parents and teachers ask me
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how do i build grit in kids what do i do
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to teach kids a solid work ethic how do
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i keep them motivated for the long run
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the honest answer is
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i don't know
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what i do know is that talent doesn't
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make you gritty
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our data show very clearly
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that there are many talented individuals
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who simply do not follow through on
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their commitments
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in fact in our data grit is usually
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unrelated
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or even inversely related to measures of
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talent
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so far the best idea i've heard about
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building grit in kids
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is something called growth mindset
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this is an idea developed at stanford
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university by carol dweck
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and it is the belief
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that the ability to learn is not fixed
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that it can change with your effort
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dr dweck has shown that when kids read
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and learn about the brain
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and how it changes and grows in response
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to challenge they're much more likely to
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persevere when they fail
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because
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they don't believe that failure is a
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permanent condition
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so growth mindset is a great idea for
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building grit
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but we need more
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and that's where i'm going to end my
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remarks because that's where we are
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that's the work that stands before us we
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need to take our best ideas our
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strongest intuitions and we need to test
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them
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we need to measure whether we've been
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successful and we have to be willing to
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fail to be wrong
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to start over again with lessons learned
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in other words we need to be gritty
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about getting our kids grittier
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thank you
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you
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