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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:54,688 --> 00:01:02,630 * 2 00:01:02,663 --> 00:01:12,606 One can't help but notice the rhythms of-or the pulse that was here, that is here, been here. 3 00:01:12,640 --> 00:01:16,610 The feel of Native American is in a lot of rock 'n' roll. 4 00:01:19,247 --> 00:01:25,653 A lot of R&B musicians and blues musicians talked about having Native blood. 5 00:01:25,686 --> 00:01:28,722 The one group that hasn't really been investigated 6 00:01:28,756 --> 00:01:31,492 in terms of their contribution is the Native Americans. 7 00:01:45,373 --> 00:01:49,343 * [three-chord introduction to Rumble] * 8 00:01:49,377 --> 00:01:53,447 It's interesting how much of the Native American element just filters through. 9 00:01:53,481 --> 00:01:55,616 * 10 00:01:55,649 --> 00:01:58,252 The mixture of cultures; you never know what's gonna come with it. 11 00:01:58,286 --> 00:02:01,722 And from that sometimes it's very interesting artistic things happen, you know? 12 00:02:01,755 --> 00:02:06,294 From Charlie Patton to Link Wray; Robbie Robertson invented the genre. 13 00:02:06,327 --> 00:02:09,830 Jimi Hendrix, the best in his field, you know; Jesse Ed Davis, everybody wanted him. 14 00:02:09,863 --> 00:02:11,399 Well, that's interesting isn't it? 15 00:02:11,432 --> 00:02:13,734 * 16 00:02:13,767 --> 00:02:18,839 Our peoples were part of the origin story of blues and jazz and rock of American music, 17 00:02:18,872 --> 00:02:22,510 but we're left out of the story consistently from the beginning. 18 00:02:22,543 --> 00:02:25,246 * 19 00:02:25,279 --> 00:02:29,950 Figuring out that these people were Indians and then we started to ask ourselves 20 00:02:29,983 --> 00:02:31,419 why didn't anyone else know that? 21 00:02:31,452 --> 00:02:38,392 ** 22 00:02:38,426 --> 00:02:40,461 It's an American story. 23 00:02:40,494 --> 00:02:44,298 It's a human story; don't break it apart. 24 00:02:44,332 --> 00:02:47,301 Pay the respect that is due. 25 00:02:47,335 --> 00:02:57,345 ** 26 00:02:57,378 --> 00:03:08,389 ** 27 00:03:15,729 --> 00:03:26,507 ** 28 00:03:26,540 --> 00:03:28,909 It was that-the sound of that guitar is the key. 29 00:03:28,942 --> 00:03:31,579 Link Wray and that aggression. 30 00:03:35,916 --> 00:03:43,257 The sound of his guitar embodied all my aspirations. 31 00:03:43,291 --> 00:03:45,426 It was the sound of freedom. 32 00:03:45,459 --> 00:03:46,960 Link Wray. 33 00:03:46,994 --> 00:03:49,397 Oh, boy. I've wanted to meet you for a long time. 34 00:03:49,430 --> 00:03:51,899 There might not be a Who were there no Link Wray; 35 00:03:51,932 --> 00:03:55,536 there might not be a Jeff Beck Group... were there no Link Wray. 36 00:03:55,569 --> 00:03:59,773 There might not be a Led Zeppelin if there were no Link Wray. 37 00:03:59,807 --> 00:04:04,445 Pete Townsend thought Link Wray was one of the great guitar players of all time, 38 00:04:04,478 --> 00:04:07,515 that this guy had invented the power chord. 39 00:04:11,419 --> 00:04:15,556 Pete made it new; he put more colour on it, put more weight on it. 40 00:04:15,589 --> 00:04:17,791 Turned it into I Can See For Miles . 41 00:04:17,825 --> 00:04:27,835 ** 42 00:04:27,868 --> 00:04:39,747 ** 43 00:04:39,780 --> 00:04:50,991 * Link Wray sings: I was born down in the country Down where the cotton grows * 44 00:04:51,024 --> 00:04:56,764 This is Jim Pewter with, uh, Link and, uh, Black River Swamp is, uh, really a nice tune. 45 00:04:56,797 --> 00:04:59,433 You know that's about a place where I was born, down in North Carolina. 46 00:04:59,467 --> 00:05:00,401 Oh, yeah? -Yeah. 47 00:05:00,434 --> 00:05:01,569 I'm from North Carolina. 48 00:05:01,602 --> 00:05:03,404 And I'm out in the country of Dunn. 49 00:05:03,437 --> 00:05:05,673 And Dunn's a real small place but I lived in the country 50 00:05:05,706 --> 00:05:07,040 in this place called Black River. 51 00:05:07,074 --> 00:05:09,610 * There's a place down in the country. * 52 00:05:09,643 --> 00:05:15,983 * where the pine trees grow so tall * 53 00:05:16,016 --> 00:05:19,653 And they struggled; they were very poor 54 00:05:19,687 --> 00:05:22,523 and I'm sure he probably fished in the pond 55 00:05:22,556 --> 00:05:25,125 to try to get food because, 56 00:05:25,158 --> 00:05:27,761 um, you know it was-times were really rough. 57 00:05:27,795 --> 00:05:33,133 * Stretchin' across Black River Swamp * 58 00:05:33,166 --> 00:05:36,003 He's got Shawnee on there; Native American. 59 00:05:36,036 --> 00:05:38,772 You didn't go around telling everybody you were Native American; 60 00:05:38,806 --> 00:05:42,976 everybody hid it because of the way other people looked down on them. 61 00:05:43,010 --> 00:05:45,413 Link said that he hid under the bed one day 62 00:05:45,446 --> 00:05:48,549 because they could hear the KKK coming through; 63 00:05:48,582 --> 00:05:51,752 because, like all cowards, they would come at night 64 00:05:51,785 --> 00:05:54,755 and they would terrorize people when they least expected it. 65 00:05:54,788 --> 00:05:59,660 * I can hear them bullfrogs croaking * 66 00:05:59,693 --> 00:06:02,530 The Ku Klux Klan was after anybody who wasn't white. 67 00:06:02,563 --> 00:06:04,565 * in the blackness of the night * 68 00:06:04,598 --> 00:06:08,101 And if you were known to be an Indian, 69 00:06:08,135 --> 00:06:11,772 uh, you were just as susceptible as any African-American person. 70 00:06:11,805 --> 00:06:14,174 * 71 00:06:14,207 --> 00:06:17,945 My Shawnee mommy, she went out into the fields and was preaching to the blacks 72 00:06:17,978 --> 00:06:21,148 and to the Cherokee Indians and poor whites saying, 73 00:06:21,181 --> 00:06:24,084 "You keep your morals high; believe in God." You know. 74 00:06:24,117 --> 00:06:26,754 And me and my brothers we were singing, you know, 75 00:06:26,787 --> 00:06:28,155 Will The Circle Be Unbroken 76 00:06:28,188 --> 00:06:30,891 and all those gospel songs behind my mom you know, 77 00:06:30,924 --> 00:06:32,793 when she was out there preaching. 78 00:06:32,826 --> 00:06:38,999 * 79 00:06:39,032 --> 00:06:42,470 I was, uh, taught by a black man called Hambone who was raised up in the circus 80 00:06:42,503 --> 00:06:44,137 and he could play everything, you know. 81 00:06:44,171 --> 00:06:48,141 And, uh, he taught me how to play the blues, you know, and I started off from there 82 00:06:48,175 --> 00:06:51,579 and then I started paying bands, you know, to let me sit in with them 83 00:06:51,612 --> 00:06:53,847 so I could get better, you know. 84 00:06:53,881 --> 00:06:55,816 Were there early, um, rock 'n' roll influences? 85 00:06:55,849 --> 00:06:57,651 I mean you were among some of the-- 86 00:06:57,685 --> 00:06:58,919 There was no rock 'n' roll then. 87 00:06:58,952 --> 00:07:08,996 ** 88 00:07:09,029 --> 00:07:15,503 I was doing this hop at this record hop in Fredericksburg, Virginia in 1957. 89 00:07:15,536 --> 00:07:18,839 The kids were gathered around in this arena 90 00:07:18,872 --> 00:07:22,643 and they were yelling for, uh, the stroll. 91 00:07:22,676 --> 00:07:24,945 Link says, "I don't know a stroll." 92 00:07:24,978 --> 00:07:26,614 I said, "I don't know a stroll." 93 00:07:26,647 --> 00:07:28,582 And Doug said, "I know the beat behind one. 94 00:07:28,616 --> 00:07:30,684 [imitates beat tapping on guitar] 95 00:07:30,718 --> 00:07:32,019 Ba-bow" And you thi-you know. 96 00:07:32,052 --> 00:07:34,688 So I said, "OK." Then I went like this. 97 00:07:34,722 --> 00:07:36,624 And then my God, man, they're watching me. 98 00:07:36,657 --> 00:07:39,960 You know. He said, "Bam!" I went . 99 00:07:39,993 --> 00:07:42,229 * 100 00:07:42,262 --> 00:07:48,702 ** 101 00:07:48,736 --> 00:07:53,073 It's in the middle of the night and the radio's on and here comes this sound, you know, 102 00:07:53,106 --> 00:07:55,909 that makes you levitate out of bed about four feet. 103 00:07:55,943 --> 00:07:59,547 ** 104 00:07:59,580 --> 00:08:01,181 What is he doing? 105 00:08:01,214 --> 00:08:05,719 There's no sound like that nowhere on the air. 106 00:08:05,753 --> 00:08:09,823 ** 107 00:08:09,857 --> 00:08:12,292 It changed everything. 108 00:08:12,325 --> 00:08:20,901 Rumble made an indelible mark on the whole evolution of where rock 'n' roll was gonna go. 109 00:08:20,934 --> 00:08:24,538 And then I found out that he was an Indian. 110 00:08:51,298 --> 00:08:55,235 That was the rawest form of the kind of guitar 111 00:08:55,268 --> 00:08:57,337 that a lot of the guys that I listen to- 112 00:08:57,370 --> 00:08:59,339 it's where it started. You know? 113 00:08:59,372 --> 00:09:02,643 And it even still sounds better when he does it. You know? 114 00:09:02,676 --> 00:09:05,646 ** 115 00:09:05,679 --> 00:09:11,184 I was in the cafeteria and on the university P.A. system 116 00:09:11,218 --> 00:09:16,824 I heard "Bam, bam, bam; domp, domp, domp, domp." 117 00:09:16,857 --> 00:09:21,962 I said, "What? Whoa, what is that?" 118 00:09:25,232 --> 00:09:33,707 Rumble had the power to push me over the edge and it did help me say, 119 00:09:33,741 --> 00:09:37,210 "Fuck it. I'm gonna be a musician." 120 00:09:37,244 --> 00:09:45,185 ** 121 00:09:45,218 --> 00:09:49,289 I think Link Wray purely loved rock 'n' roll and felt 122 00:09:49,322 --> 00:09:52,059 pissed off and annoyed and disappointed 123 00:09:52,092 --> 00:09:55,128 that in some ways because he was Shawnee, half-Shawnee, 124 00:09:55,162 --> 00:09:56,830 and his family had been treated so badly 125 00:09:56,864 --> 00:10:01,268 he took that bitterness and created something that was not reductive but proactive. 126 00:10:01,301 --> 00:10:09,142 ** 127 00:10:09,176 --> 00:10:14,715 And the idea Rumble just from a superficial, almost reactionary level 128 00:10:14,748 --> 00:10:16,383 is like the fight, right? 129 00:10:16,416 --> 00:10:20,320 But for me it means to disrupt, to roar, to be active. 130 00:10:20,353 --> 00:10:25,225 ** 131 00:10:25,258 --> 00:10:29,296 So Link Wray announced with the Rumb that there was a shift happening in culture. 132 00:10:29,329 --> 00:10:32,900 You know, this is not going to be the bop and the stroll it's going to be the Rumble . 133 00:10:32,933 --> 00:10:36,870 ** 134 00:10:36,904 --> 00:10:40,874 Here comes Link Wray with the theme song of juvenile delinquency. 135 00:10:40,908 --> 00:10:43,010 You know. "Hey, rumble." 136 00:10:43,043 --> 00:10:45,879 ** 137 00:10:45,913 --> 00:10:47,715 I was surprised it got any airplay. 138 00:10:47,748 --> 00:10:49,883 And to be honest I mean I'm not surprised it was banned. 139 00:10:49,917 --> 00:10:52,686 * 140 00:10:55,789 --> 00:11:02,062 He is the only person who has an instrumental - no words - banned 141 00:11:02,095 --> 00:11:06,700 for fear it would incite teenage gang violence. 142 00:11:06,734 --> 00:11:09,402 It was the sound, the chord progressions; 143 00:11:09,436 --> 00:11:11,705 that was the thing. 144 00:11:11,739 --> 00:11:17,144 It was the way they didn't understand the feedback; it was the groove. 145 00:11:17,177 --> 00:11:21,414 It was-it was so many things that turned people off. 146 00:11:21,448 --> 00:11:24,051 You know, everybody can't be Pat Boone. You know what I mean? 147 00:11:25,485 --> 00:11:27,988 His influence was so immense. 148 00:11:28,021 --> 00:11:31,358 Every musician in the world loves Link Wray. 149 00:11:31,391 --> 00:11:33,861 I don't know why the rest of the world hasn't figured that out. 150 00:11:35,162 --> 00:11:36,864 * Kick out the jams, motherfucker! * 151 00:11:36,897 --> 00:11:46,740 * 152 00:11:46,774 --> 00:11:51,211 In the MC5, we would do these recording sessions and the engineers would always say, 153 00:11:51,244 --> 00:11:53,747 "Oh, it's all distorted, man. 154 00:11:53,781 --> 00:11:56,249 You punks-aw, you're playing the amp too loud." 155 00:11:56,283 --> 00:11:59,519 And I'd say, "Yes, I want it distorted; that's what I want." 156 00:11:59,552 --> 00:12:02,990 "No, no; you want it clean like at Motown so it goes 'chink'." 157 00:12:03,023 --> 00:12:06,393 I said, "No, I want it to go (makes distorted sound) like Link Wray. 158 00:12:06,426 --> 00:12:10,964 You know, I want that-that fuzz; I want the distortion." 159 00:12:19,072 --> 00:12:24,978 Link Wray's certainly one of the architects of my sound and the MC5 sound, 160 00:12:25,012 --> 00:12:29,783 and a thousand other rock guitar players since then. 161 00:12:29,817 --> 00:12:36,824 I mean, you know, if you trace-if you connect the dots back, you know ... 162 00:12:36,857 --> 00:12:41,428 so you can trace heavy metal and punk rock and all that back to The Clash 163 00:12:41,461 --> 00:12:47,034 and The Ramones; uh, the New York Dolls, The MC5 and a few others. 164 00:12:47,067 --> 00:12:50,270 And then before that, who was there, you know? 165 00:12:50,303 --> 00:12:56,844 And he was one of the first that really had a tone that pointed a way to the future. 166 00:13:04,351 --> 00:13:07,855 Link Wray is huge on all modern electric guitar players. 167 00:13:07,888 --> 00:13:11,391 If they're saying he didn't influence, uh, they're lying. 168 00:13:25,572 --> 00:13:27,107 Thank you very much! 169 00:13:39,319 --> 00:13:46,159 In the whole southeast area what we all know, what we've heard through our own families, 170 00:13:46,193 --> 00:13:50,230 is that back when first contact happened, 171 00:13:50,263 --> 00:13:54,334 we had a very specific style of singing. 172 00:13:54,367 --> 00:14:04,377 * 173 00:14:04,411 --> 00:14:14,154 * 174 00:14:14,187 --> 00:14:17,657 And you can hear the spirit of some of the old music 175 00:14:17,690 --> 00:14:21,494 before plantations and slavery and so forth, and colonization. 176 00:14:25,332 --> 00:14:30,437 People are really shocked when they hear the traditional music of the southeast. 177 00:14:30,470 --> 00:14:33,673 They're, like, "That's Indian music? I thought that was African music." 178 00:14:33,706 --> 00:14:41,982 * 179 00:14:42,015 --> 00:14:45,953 The land of the southeast itself informs the sound. 180 00:14:45,986 --> 00:14:48,155 We hear the birds here. 181 00:14:48,188 --> 00:14:51,324 We hear the water here, the rivers, the canoe sounds. 182 00:14:51,358 --> 00:14:54,227 And that informs what comes out of our mouth. 183 00:14:54,261 --> 00:14:59,199 All of American music that came from the south was informed by our land and therefore by us. 184 00:15:04,571 --> 00:15:11,144 A music by Native people presented a threat, was seen as dangerous. 185 00:15:11,178 --> 00:15:17,284 And people were arrested, singers and dancers incarcerated for performing this music; 186 00:15:17,317 --> 00:15:19,586 treaty-guaranteed rations withheld from them. 187 00:15:19,619 --> 00:15:22,956 ** 188 00:15:22,990 --> 00:15:29,162 The Federal government begins passing law after law in an effort to control Native people 189 00:15:29,196 --> 00:15:31,031 in every way that you can imagine. 190 00:15:31,064 --> 00:15:37,637 ** 191 00:15:37,670 --> 00:15:40,307 They went after every part of our culture 192 00:15:40,340 --> 00:15:43,443 so of course they're gonna go after the music 193 00:15:43,476 --> 00:15:47,047 because it's an integral aspect of our culture. 194 00:15:47,080 --> 00:15:53,586 Because back in that time, in those times, everybody had a morning song to greet the day. 195 00:15:53,620 --> 00:15:58,358 They were songs of ancestry; they were songs of the old way. 196 00:15:58,391 --> 00:16:00,327 They went after our culture. 197 00:16:00,360 --> 00:16:02,729 It was genocide and they wanted to erase every 198 00:16:02,762 --> 00:16:05,498 cultural perception of reality that we had. 199 00:16:08,601 --> 00:16:11,204 On December 29th, 1890, 200 00:16:11,238 --> 00:16:14,307 the U.S. Army surrounded a number of Ghost Dancers 201 00:16:14,341 --> 00:16:17,244 at Wounded Knee and slaughtered over three hundred, 202 00:16:17,277 --> 00:16:19,546 mostly women and children, but also men 203 00:16:19,579 --> 00:16:21,314 who were participating in the Ghost Dance. 204 00:16:27,187 --> 00:16:30,657 And this is essentially the beginning of the banning 205 00:16:30,690 --> 00:16:33,360 of Native music in the United States. 206 00:16:38,198 --> 00:16:43,603 When I hear stories about Wovoka creating the Ghost Dance, 207 00:16:43,636 --> 00:16:48,741 the dance that would make the Native Americans invulnerable to the bullets of the white man 208 00:16:48,775 --> 00:16:51,078 so that they could rise up from the reservations 209 00:16:51,111 --> 00:16:55,415 and kill off their oppressors; they were that desperate. 210 00:16:55,448 --> 00:16:58,318 Was what music the blues? 211 00:16:58,351 --> 00:17:01,421 It might not have sounded like it, but baby, that was the blues. 212 00:17:01,454 --> 00:17:02,722 That was the blues. 213 00:17:14,734 --> 00:17:27,547 * 214 00:17:27,580 --> 00:17:31,418 Most people in America, what little they have of Mardi Gras 215 00:17:31,451 --> 00:17:36,289 is drunken white people on Bourbon Street packed wall-to-wall 216 00:17:36,323 --> 00:17:39,792 hollering at some woman to show her tits. You know? 217 00:17:39,826 --> 00:17:41,694 This doesn't have anything to do with Mardi Gras. 218 00:17:41,728 --> 00:17:46,299 ** 219 00:17:46,333 --> 00:17:51,604 If you want to witness and participate in the real Mardi Gras, 220 00:17:51,638 --> 00:17:56,276 you have to go to the the heart of the ghetto; that's the staging area. 221 00:17:56,309 --> 00:18:03,783 [percussion instruments and shouts] 222 00:18:03,816 --> 00:18:17,564 ** 223 00:18:17,597 --> 00:18:23,503 When my family came up from my home in Louisiana, they migrated during the time when, uh, 224 00:18:23,536 --> 00:18:27,607 you know, things was rough for the Indians so they came to New Orleans 225 00:18:27,640 --> 00:18:32,179 and they passed off as black because they was dark-skinned. 226 00:18:32,212 --> 00:18:35,815 And they never even talked about it; they'd never mention it because, you know, 227 00:18:35,848 --> 00:18:39,252 they were scared because they didn't want to get sent to the reservation. 228 00:18:39,286 --> 00:18:45,892 * 229 00:18:45,925 --> 00:18:55,268 Big Chief! Big Chief! 230 00:18:55,302 --> 00:18:57,870 Hey boy! What they say! 231 00:18:57,904 --> 00:18:59,739 Mardi Gras more than a hell of a day. 232 00:18:59,772 --> 00:19:01,841 But Mardi Gras morning when Indians come 233 00:19:01,874 --> 00:19:04,444 we all gonna get together to have some fun. 234 00:19:08,281 --> 00:19:10,550 * I'm gonna take 'em downtown! 235 00:19:10,583 --> 00:19:11,784 * Early in the mornin'! 236 00:19:12,885 --> 00:19:14,687 * I'm gonna take 'em downtown! 237 00:19:14,721 --> 00:19:16,423 Early in the mornin'! 238 00:19:16,456 --> 00:19:20,893 Seeing the Indians at Carnival was getting to know who I was. 239 00:19:20,927 --> 00:19:24,831 That was the only time that black men could put on feathers. 240 00:19:27,900 --> 00:19:34,307 We're all a combination of indigenous people and indigenous people of Africa. 241 00:19:34,341 --> 00:19:39,346 ** 242 00:19:39,379 --> 00:19:42,515 It was a Muscogeeon village through this area. 243 00:19:42,549 --> 00:19:47,320 Our music is called Stomp Dance and what you hear first is the calling, 244 00:19:47,354 --> 00:19:48,888 a call and response 245 00:19:48,921 --> 00:19:52,625 where the leader calls out and then the men answer. 246 00:19:52,659 --> 00:19:57,464 ** 247 00:19:57,497 --> 00:20:04,471 When you hear that up against blues, rock, jazz, it's part of the origin. 248 00:20:04,504 --> 00:20:09,542 * 249 00:20:09,576 --> 00:20:12,379 Everybody in the neighbourhood, everybody has grown up on this; 250 00:20:12,412 --> 00:20:13,946 they've been doing this a hundred and fifty years. 251 00:20:13,980 --> 00:20:17,016 ** 252 00:20:17,049 --> 00:20:23,823 Basically they're in there masking as black people in daily life. 253 00:20:23,856 --> 00:20:28,595 Because the Indians were treated even worse than the slaves. 254 00:20:28,628 --> 00:20:34,601 ** 255 00:20:34,634 --> 00:20:40,340 When European settlers came here, they first enslaved the Indians, lots of them. 256 00:20:40,373 --> 00:20:45,278 And they figured out the best way to do this is to ship the men elsewhere. 257 00:20:45,312 --> 00:20:51,017 Being hunter-gatherer societies uh, they knew how to escape and how to evade the raiders 258 00:20:51,050 --> 00:20:55,555 and how to come back and fight. So, you ship them into the Caribbean ships, 259 00:20:55,588 --> 00:20:58,325 some of them to Africa, keep the women here. 260 00:20:58,358 --> 00:21:02,495 And then later on, bring in African slaves. 261 00:21:02,529 --> 00:21:07,367 Ninety percent of the people in the ships coming from Africa on some of those ships were men. 262 00:21:07,400 --> 00:21:08,635 Who did they have children with? 263 00:21:11,871 --> 00:21:15,908 And this is why eighty-five percent of African-Americans who have been in this country 264 00:21:15,942 --> 00:21:19,312 before the Civil War claim Native American ancestry. 265 00:21:19,346 --> 00:21:21,681 And all of them almost say great-grandmother 266 00:21:21,714 --> 00:21:22,782 on the mother's line. 267 00:21:22,815 --> 00:21:29,722 ** 268 00:21:29,756 --> 00:21:34,060 And runaway slaves would be taken in 269 00:21:34,093 --> 00:21:35,762 on different Indian reservations. 270 00:21:35,795 --> 00:21:41,401 They're like, aw, come on, man, you know, you can hang out with us; we'll hide you. 271 00:21:43,503 --> 00:21:47,440 And the next thing you knew, there was these little black Indians running around. 272 00:21:50,377 --> 00:21:52,745 Everyone that was not white, 273 00:21:52,779 --> 00:21:54,547 was classified as "coloured," 274 00:21:54,581 --> 00:21:57,717 so whether you were Indian or black, you became coloured. 275 00:21:57,750 --> 00:21:59,652 If you had ten percent African, you're considered black. 276 00:21:59,686 --> 00:22:01,788 You'd be ninety percent Indian, but you're considered black. 277 00:22:01,821 --> 00:22:06,959 Why? Well, because it prevents Native Americans from making claims to the land... 278 00:22:06,993 --> 00:22:09,496 and taking back what was stolen. 279 00:22:09,529 --> 00:22:11,864 And if they claimed their land and claimed Indian, they could be shot. 280 00:22:11,898 --> 00:22:15,535 b 281 00:22:15,568 --> 00:22:30,483 * [live band performing zydeco] * 282 00:22:30,517 --> 00:22:35,622 When the African poly rhythms and a Native American, 283 00:22:35,655 --> 00:22:37,757 four on the floor came together. 284 00:22:37,790 --> 00:22:41,594 That was the beginning of what became American music. 285 00:22:41,628 --> 00:22:44,497 ** 286 00:22:44,531 --> 00:22:51,671 To me, I think of-of gumbo, which is the quintessential New Orleans food. 287 00:22:51,704 --> 00:22:55,942 When I was growing up, gumbo was you put everything you had in a pot. 288 00:22:55,975 --> 00:22:58,945 All that stuff together makes this great meal. 289 00:22:58,978 --> 00:23:06,819 I'm part Native American, part African by way of Haiti, part French, part Italian, 290 00:23:06,853 --> 00:23:14,494 and that's kind of what New Orleans is, and it comes out so flavourful. 291 00:23:14,527 --> 00:23:17,430 Giacomo Fina Ne is what they say, Big Chief coming, 292 00:23:17,464 --> 00:23:19,632 so tell them, better get out the way. 293 00:23:19,666 --> 00:23:21,801 New Orleans, the home of the strong, home of the brave, 294 00:23:21,834 --> 00:23:23,903 so don't bother nobody with a feather in their head. 295 00:23:23,936 --> 00:23:26,138 They bring lightning in the morning, they won't bow down, 296 00:23:26,172 --> 00:23:30,109 tambourine rain is such a beautiful sound. 297 00:23:30,142 --> 00:23:31,978 Uptown lightning it comes down 298 00:23:32,011 --> 00:23:33,646 when my Chief on the street steps 299 00:23:33,680 --> 00:23:35,081 the thunder all beneath his feet. 300 00:23:35,114 --> 00:23:36,749 His suit can't be beat, 301 00:23:36,783 --> 00:23:38,618 That child wild from the sun to the night 302 00:23:38,651 --> 00:23:40,019 And when he opens such a beautiful sight. 303 00:23:41,754 --> 00:23:44,524 * Here comes the end Just let 'em through * 304 00:23:44,557 --> 00:23:47,660 ** 305 00:23:53,766 --> 00:23:58,571 * 306 00:23:58,605 --> 00:24:08,615 * 307 00:24:08,648 --> 00:24:19,992 * 308 00:24:20,026 --> 00:24:24,030 For me it was just a huge revelation that the banjo is an African instrument. 309 00:24:24,063 --> 00:24:28,635 The banjo for the first hundred years of its existence was not a white instrument, 310 00:24:28,668 --> 00:24:30,136 you know, at all, it was a plantation instrument. 311 00:24:30,169 --> 00:24:40,179 ** 312 00:24:40,212 --> 00:24:50,256 ** 313 00:24:50,256 --> 00:24:59,532 ** 314 00:24:59,566 --> 00:25:03,102 Our music is very much what you would hear. 315 00:25:03,135 --> 00:25:06,172 It's-I've heard people call it pre-blues. 316 00:25:09,175 --> 00:25:15,582 And so it really sounds very much like the roots of blues music. 317 00:25:15,615 --> 00:25:25,625 ** 318 00:25:25,658 --> 00:25:35,702 ** 319 00:25:35,702 --> 00:25:41,040 ** 320 00:25:47,313 --> 00:26:01,193 * [blues fingerstyle guitar] * 321 00:26:01,227 --> 00:26:11,237 ** 322 00:26:11,270 --> 00:26:18,711 ** 323 00:26:18,745 --> 00:26:21,848 * Baby, saddle my pony 324 00:26:21,881 --> 00:26:27,153 * Hitch up my black mare 325 00:26:27,186 --> 00:26:30,256 * Baby, saddle up my pony 326 00:26:30,289 --> 00:26:35,862 * Hitch up my black mare 327 00:26:35,895 --> 00:26:41,634 Blues buffs, blues scholars, although they can't really agree on anything, 328 00:26:41,668 --> 00:26:45,772 if they were forced into a room and they had to identify, you know, 329 00:26:45,805 --> 00:26:53,045 perhaps the most singularly important blues guitarist, singer, songwriter, 330 00:26:53,079 --> 00:26:58,384 the whole package, the greatest one that ever was um, in the early 20th Century, 331 00:26:58,417 --> 00:27:02,321 if you tried to convince them to come up with that answer, they'd probably say Charley Patton. 332 00:27:02,354 --> 00:27:12,364 ** 333 00:27:12,398 --> 00:27:17,069 He was the grandfather to all of the Delta Blues guys. 334 00:27:17,103 --> 00:27:20,873 No matter how rough those recordings are or how hard it is to listen to, 335 00:27:20,907 --> 00:27:23,743 there's nothing as immediate as listening to that stuff. 336 00:27:23,776 --> 00:27:27,980 It's like a bomb went off. I mean, his sound is so guttural, 337 00:27:28,014 --> 00:27:34,186 it sounds like what I imagine that time must have felt like. 338 00:27:34,220 --> 00:27:37,156 Like he's just, he's just getting it out. 339 00:27:37,189 --> 00:27:43,029 You know, he's not even trying to make it pretty. It's just as raw as it gets. 340 00:27:51,237 --> 00:27:56,776 He was a profound influence on Bob Dylan, Eric Clapton, Jack White, Bonnie Raitt, 341 00:27:56,809 --> 00:27:58,978 the list goes on and on and on. 342 00:27:59,011 --> 00:28:01,413 Charley Patton was an Indian. 343 00:28:01,447 --> 00:28:04,784 And he was the baddest mother-fucker in the world. 344 00:28:04,817 --> 00:28:06,118 Howlin Wolf. 345 00:28:06,152 --> 00:28:09,121 ** 346 00:28:09,155 --> 00:28:12,091 He was from the area of the Mississippi Delta, 347 00:28:12,124 --> 00:28:15,762 which is an area that is rich in Blues history. 348 00:28:15,795 --> 00:28:18,230 It's not far from the Choctaw country. 349 00:28:18,264 --> 00:28:21,934 It's very likely that Charley Patton was of Choctaw ancestry. 350 00:28:21,968 --> 00:28:33,379 ** 351 00:28:33,412 --> 00:28:36,148 Charley Patton's family has an oral tradition 352 00:28:36,182 --> 00:28:38,885 of Native ancestry, of white ancestry, 353 00:28:38,918 --> 00:28:41,854 Creole ancestry, African-American ancestry. 354 00:28:41,888 --> 00:28:44,356 All of those people made Patton who he was. 355 00:28:44,390 --> 00:28:53,265 * 356 00:28:59,271 --> 00:29:04,176 See, so when I hear this, it's Indian music to me, you know. 357 00:29:07,279 --> 00:29:08,447 And that rhythm... 358 00:29:13,853 --> 00:29:17,156 I love Charley Patton, his spirit and his music, 359 00:29:17,189 --> 00:29:19,892 it just connects me right back 360 00:29:19,926 --> 00:29:25,264 to where I come from, you know? I can hear all those old traditional songs. 361 00:29:26,866 --> 00:29:28,167 Do you hear it? 362 00:29:37,576 --> 00:29:39,812 * 363 00:29:50,589 --> 00:29:53,025 That's Indian music. 364 00:29:53,059 --> 00:29:54,961 With a guitar, you know. 365 00:29:54,994 --> 00:29:59,165 That's where it went, you know? That's where traditional music went. 366 00:29:59,198 --> 00:30:01,433 It went like this. 367 00:30:01,467 --> 00:30:07,073 ** 368 00:30:07,106 --> 00:30:08,407 I hear it in the singing. 369 00:30:08,440 --> 00:30:11,077 I hear it in the singing and I hear it in the rhythm 370 00:30:11,110 --> 00:30:12,544 because he plays the guitar like a drum. 371 00:30:12,578 --> 00:30:16,348 ** 372 00:30:16,382 --> 00:30:21,020 It was illegal to own a drum in plantation slavery America. 373 00:30:21,053 --> 00:30:23,022 You could not own a drum. 374 00:30:23,055 --> 00:30:26,425 Or you will be killed because a drum was an insurrectionary instrument. 375 00:30:26,458 --> 00:30:31,263 You could communicate to people, you could organize people over distances for rebellion, 376 00:30:31,297 --> 00:30:35,601 You know? So that's why Charley Patton had to play drum on his guitar. 377 00:30:35,634 --> 00:30:42,074 ** 378 00:30:42,108 --> 00:30:47,613 Patton was born during some of the worst racial violence in the United States, 379 00:30:47,646 --> 00:30:50,582 so one of the ways that you could perhaps get away 380 00:30:50,616 --> 00:30:53,986 from some of the worst of the racial violence 381 00:30:54,020 --> 00:30:57,423 was to be secure inside of a world such as here at Dockery. 382 00:30:59,992 --> 00:31:02,128 It was a place where people could go and make money. 383 00:31:02,161 --> 00:31:04,463 The Dockery Plantation offered people more 384 00:31:04,496 --> 00:31:08,267 than they were getting in their home communities in Mississippi. 385 00:31:08,300 --> 00:31:10,269 And that's why Patton's family moved there 386 00:31:10,302 --> 00:31:13,639 because they could have a better life for themselves. 387 00:31:13,672 --> 00:31:16,342 * 388 00:31:16,375 --> 00:31:17,910 There were Choctaw folks that moved there; 389 00:31:17,944 --> 00:31:20,679 there were African-American folks; 390 00:31:20,712 --> 00:31:23,115 there were Europeans that worked there. 391 00:31:23,149 --> 00:31:27,019 Charley Patton would have heard a combination of influences 392 00:31:27,053 --> 00:31:30,189 that led to the emergence of his guitar playing style. 393 00:31:30,222 --> 00:31:34,293 ** 394 00:31:34,326 --> 00:31:38,931 He was not very much into farm labour, 395 00:31:38,965 --> 00:31:41,467 but you didn't have too many other opportunities. 396 00:31:48,374 --> 00:31:54,646 They would do gigs. It would be, you know, Saturday night at somebody's house, 397 00:31:54,680 --> 00:31:59,218 somebody's back porch. Play all night, play for some drinks. 398 00:31:59,251 --> 00:32:00,987 Maybe somebody would fry some fish. 399 00:32:03,155 --> 00:32:05,157 After they got out of the church, even the reverends 400 00:32:05,191 --> 00:32:06,558 would go take their girls 401 00:32:06,592 --> 00:32:10,296 and go to the juke joints, you know, where they had sex and food 402 00:32:10,329 --> 00:32:12,965 and gambling and all that stuff. 403 00:32:12,999 --> 00:32:16,502 Back then, rich and poor had to go to juke joints if they wanted to party. 404 00:32:20,539 --> 00:32:24,476 Son House would say, you know, Patton would throw the guitar up in the air 405 00:32:24,510 --> 00:32:27,079 and catch it and, you know, not miss a beat. 406 00:32:32,384 --> 00:32:35,021 And just think, he's been working all week; 407 00:32:35,054 --> 00:32:38,357 and you ain't heard nothing but lightning and birds and wind. 408 00:32:38,390 --> 00:32:40,726 And all of a sudden, you hear somebody go 409 00:32:40,759 --> 00:32:43,329 . 410 00:32:43,362 --> 00:32:46,032 And I mean, the hair's probably standing up on the back of your neck. 411 00:32:46,065 --> 00:32:50,102 * 412 00:32:50,136 --> 00:32:52,738 He was doing Jimi Hendrix long before Jimi. 413 00:32:52,771 --> 00:32:55,341 Charley Patton may have started the whole showmanship thing. 414 00:32:55,374 --> 00:32:58,010 But, you know, they had to find their own identity; 415 00:32:58,044 --> 00:32:59,711 they had to separate themselves from the other guys. 416 00:32:59,745 --> 00:33:02,348 I mean, there was probably a lot of guys out there trying 417 00:33:02,381 --> 00:33:05,551 to not have to work in the cotton field, you know what I mean? 418 00:33:05,584 --> 00:33:11,457 It's like, same as today, OK? We're all trying to not work in that cotton field, right? 419 00:33:11,490 --> 00:33:19,365 ** 420 00:33:19,398 --> 00:33:23,169 The big deal about Dockery is that Charley was here for such a long time 421 00:33:23,202 --> 00:33:26,772 that people came to him and he took the time to teach them how to play. 422 00:33:26,805 --> 00:33:29,308 He taught Pop Staples how to play when he was a child. 423 00:33:29,341 --> 00:33:31,477 Sun House was another one that came here and played. 424 00:33:31,510 --> 00:33:33,179 That Howlin' Wolf came here as a youngster. 425 00:33:33,212 --> 00:33:39,418 ** 426 00:33:39,451 --> 00:33:44,556 A man came through the plantation picking a guitar called Charley Patton, 427 00:33:44,590 --> 00:33:47,426 and I liked his sound. 428 00:33:47,459 --> 00:33:51,530 Every night that I'd get off from work, I'd go to his house 429 00:33:51,563 --> 00:33:55,267 and he'd learn me how to pick the guitar. So I got good with it. 430 00:34:03,609 --> 00:34:10,716 Wolf was the guy who basically took Patton's music into the electric realm. 431 00:34:10,749 --> 00:34:13,552 The Stones got Howlin' Wolf to come. 432 00:34:13,585 --> 00:34:16,122 You can see Brian Jones' face. 433 00:34:16,155 --> 00:34:20,392 He's just like, "Oh my God, we actually pulled this scam off 434 00:34:20,426 --> 00:34:24,396 and we got Howlin' Wolf to do this show." 435 00:34:24,430 --> 00:34:26,198 Tell us something about him, Brian. 436 00:34:26,232 --> 00:34:27,733 Well, when we first started playing together 437 00:34:27,766 --> 00:34:30,136 we started playing because we wanted to play Rhythm and Blues 438 00:34:30,169 --> 00:34:32,338 and Howlin' Wolf was one of our greatest idols 439 00:34:32,371 --> 00:34:37,476 and it's a great pleasure to find he's been booked on this show tonight. 440 00:34:37,509 --> 00:34:40,346 So I think it's time we shut up and had Howlin' Wolf onstage! 441 00:34:41,847 --> 00:34:44,250 Yeah I agree, let's get him out, Howlin' Wolf, bring him on! 442 00:34:44,283 --> 00:34:56,862 ** 443 00:34:56,895 --> 00:35:04,236 * How many more years Do I have to let you dog me around? * 444 00:35:04,270 --> 00:35:06,905 ** 445 00:35:06,938 --> 00:35:14,780 * How many more years Do I have to let you dog me around? * 446 00:35:14,813 --> 00:35:16,915 ** 447 00:35:16,948 --> 00:35:19,885 * I would rather be dead 448 00:35:19,918 --> 00:35:23,855 And once again, that mystery of what it is and how awesome it is 449 00:35:23,889 --> 00:35:27,259 goes right back down to Charley Patton and Dockery Farms. 450 00:35:27,293 --> 00:35:39,405 ** 451 00:35:39,438 --> 00:35:44,443 America didn't let the blues reach the white kids until the British guys started playing it, 452 00:35:44,476 --> 00:35:48,280 then they thought it was something new the British guys was bringing here. 453 00:35:48,314 --> 00:35:51,883 The Stones, the Beatles and whoever else was picking up a guitar. 454 00:35:51,917 --> 00:36:00,459 * 455 00:36:00,492 --> 00:36:05,597 There's a definite thread from Charley Patton, Howlin Wolf to Led Zeppelin, you know, 456 00:36:05,631 --> 00:36:07,466 it went like that basically. 457 00:36:07,499 --> 00:36:09,501 Jimmy Page will tell you that if you ask him. 458 00:36:09,535 --> 00:36:12,571 * [thirties big band swing jazz] * 459 00:36:12,604 --> 00:36:14,806 * 460 00:36:14,840 --> 00:36:17,509 * I'm gonna leave you cause it's high time * 461 00:36:17,543 --> 00:36:20,612 * Somebody else is beatin' my time * 462 00:36:20,646 --> 00:36:22,781 * But you never hear me cry 463 00:36:22,814 --> 00:36:25,451 * As long as you live, you'll be dead if you die * 464 00:36:25,484 --> 00:36:26,652 [she starts next verse but stops] 465 00:36:28,887 --> 00:36:30,222 Mildred: Well, I can't help it. 466 00:36:31,257 --> 00:36:32,791 Oh fuck, I don't know how it goes. 467 00:36:32,824 --> 00:36:34,893 It's all the same; I can't tell where to come in. 468 00:36:36,562 --> 00:36:38,930 * I'm gonna leave you cause it's high time * 469 00:36:38,964 --> 00:36:41,600 * Somebody else is beatin' my time * 470 00:36:41,633 --> 00:36:46,505 Mildred began singing in speakeasies, and she became big in speakeasies. 471 00:36:46,538 --> 00:36:51,009 In this little speakeasy that she and Benny the Bootlegger had, she brewed her own beer. 472 00:36:51,042 --> 00:36:55,347 * 473 00:36:55,381 --> 00:36:56,782 But when Mildred Bailey came to New York 474 00:36:56,815 --> 00:36:58,950 in the late '20s, early '30s 475 00:36:58,984 --> 00:37:01,920 uh, everything was completely segregated. 476 00:37:01,953 --> 00:37:05,757 She knew who the great musicians were and she started recording with black musicians 477 00:37:05,791 --> 00:37:07,493 almost from the moment she got here. 478 00:37:07,526 --> 00:37:10,829 * 479 00:37:10,862 --> 00:37:12,998 Mildred was a cornerstone. 480 00:37:13,031 --> 00:37:16,702 She serves as a cornerstone in the direction that jazz took. 481 00:37:16,735 --> 00:37:21,006 * 482 00:37:21,039 --> 00:37:31,049 * 483 00:37:31,082 --> 00:37:36,855 * 484 00:37:36,888 --> 00:37:43,028 This was her mother's land for generations before Mildred 485 00:37:43,061 --> 00:37:51,503 and my grandmother was the recipient of ancient music. 486 00:37:51,537 --> 00:37:58,477 * 487 00:37:58,510 --> 00:38:04,783 On the Coeur D'Alene Reservation, there was no social gathering without singing. 488 00:38:04,816 --> 00:38:09,421 * 489 00:38:09,455 --> 00:38:20,899 ** 490 00:38:20,932 --> 00:38:27,038 The way the notes are stretched and condensed and move over the bar lines. 491 00:38:27,072 --> 00:38:28,907 Mildred sings from Lover, Come Back to Me 492 00:38:28,940 --> 00:38:34,613 * I remember every little thing you used to do * 493 00:38:34,646 --> 00:38:39,551 When Mildred Bailey does it, it's hard not to look at the way those glides are used 494 00:38:39,585 --> 00:38:43,822 in the traditional songs of the region where she grew up. 495 00:38:43,855 --> 00:38:52,097 * Every road I walk along I've walked along with you * 496 00:38:52,130 --> 00:38:57,869 When asked how she came to be the singer that she became, 497 00:38:57,903 --> 00:39:00,105 she pointed to the Indian songs of her youth. 498 00:39:00,138 --> 00:39:09,047 ** 499 00:39:09,080 --> 00:39:15,854 * Old rockin' chair's got me 500 00:39:15,887 --> 00:39:19,958 She was one of the great improvisers of jazz. 501 00:39:19,991 --> 00:39:24,396 You know, you say, "Old rocking chair's got me." 502 00:39:24,430 --> 00:39:26,932 You sing it, maybe it's written that way, but it always says, 503 00:39:26,965 --> 00:39:29,635 "Old rocking chair's got me," you know. 504 00:39:29,668 --> 00:39:33,805 You just change it, you know, whatever you feel at the moment. 505 00:39:33,839 --> 00:39:37,976 It's something that you can't learn in school. 506 00:39:38,009 --> 00:39:46,151 I'm eighty years old, you know, what am I talking about, I'm eighty 507 00:39:46,184 --> 00:39:50,589 from sixteen to twenty years old, I was working as a singing waiter 508 00:39:50,622 --> 00:39:56,562 in Astoria, Long Island here and that's the only thing I listened to, was Mildred Bailey. 509 00:39:56,595 --> 00:39:59,931 I was completely influenced by Mildred Bailey. 510 00:39:59,965 --> 00:40:03,101 She sang perfect, for me. 511 00:40:03,134 --> 00:40:06,772 Radio announcer: And here's your rocking chair lady, Mildred Bailey! 512 00:40:06,805 --> 00:40:11,643 Hi everybody, come right in and cut yourself a share of kicks around that old rocking chair. 513 00:40:11,677 --> 00:40:13,979 * 514 00:40:14,012 --> 00:40:16,615 * Noah, Noah, let me come in 515 00:40:16,648 --> 00:40:19,685 * Doors all fastened and the windows pinned... * 516 00:40:19,718 --> 00:40:23,922 She's the first female band singer, period. 517 00:40:23,955 --> 00:40:27,125 And the first female to have a radio show. 518 00:40:27,158 --> 00:40:30,662 * Noah said you done lost your track. * 519 00:40:30,696 --> 00:40:36,201 Frank Sinatra went up to Julia Rinker at a recording session in the '70s and said, 520 00:40:36,234 --> 00:40:41,673 "I knew your aunt, and she is one of the most significant people 521 00:40:41,707 --> 00:40:47,646 in terms of how I learned to sing and who I emulate to this day." Frank Sinatra said that. 522 00:40:47,679 --> 00:40:51,049 * Keep your hand on the plow, hold on! * 523 00:40:51,082 --> 00:40:56,655 Ella Fitzgerald, Billie Holiday, Bing Crosby, she had a hand in shaping jazz vocal style. 524 00:40:56,688 --> 00:40:59,891 * Wanna get to heaven, I'll tell you how * 525 00:40:59,925 --> 00:41:02,928 * Keep your hand on the gospel plow! * 526 00:41:02,961 --> 00:41:08,900 It's important not just to re-situate Mildred Bailey in that jazz narrative, 527 00:41:08,934 --> 00:41:14,740 but by doing that, we bring the story of the Native American perspective 528 00:41:14,773 --> 00:41:16,207 into that jazz narrative. 529 00:41:25,651 --> 00:41:28,987 Loudspeaker: Seeing as this is an unlawful assembly. Disperse. 530 00:41:40,198 --> 00:41:42,100 * 531 00:41:42,133 --> 00:41:52,143 [Buffy Saint Marie sings Now that the Buffalo's Gone] 532 00:41:52,177 --> 00:41:59,685 [Buffy Saint Marie sings Now that the Buffalo's Gone] 533 00:41:59,718 --> 00:42:05,557 * Can you remember the time 534 00:42:05,591 --> 00:42:09,795 * That you have held your head high? * 535 00:42:09,828 --> 00:42:13,164 * And told all of your friends of your Indian claim * 536 00:42:13,198 --> 00:42:17,603 * Proud good lady and proud good man * 537 00:42:17,636 --> 00:42:20,972 I went to Greenwich Village and I was not in show business. 538 00:42:21,006 --> 00:42:25,110 I was a college girl on her way to India and I thought I would try my luck at singing. 539 00:42:25,143 --> 00:42:26,978 And it was folk music time. 540 00:42:27,012 --> 00:42:32,718 * Oh, it's written in books and in songs * 541 00:42:32,751 --> 00:42:38,156 * That we've been mistreated and wronged * 542 00:42:38,189 --> 00:42:42,861 All of a sudden the streets were just alive with people 543 00:42:42,894 --> 00:42:46,665 with broader minds than the generation before. 544 00:42:46,698 --> 00:42:50,702 And it was just the perfect time for me, you know. 545 00:42:50,736 --> 00:42:53,639 If it had been a different time, I probably never would have had a career. 546 00:42:53,672 --> 00:42:57,643 * And you feel you're a part of these ones... * 547 00:42:57,676 --> 00:43:01,847 At the essence, folk music is telling the stories of the day. 548 00:43:01,880 --> 00:43:07,285 And it's telling stories of the day or the people who are most of the time the most excluded, 549 00:43:07,318 --> 00:43:11,723 the most-the most uh, the trampled-upon. 550 00:43:11,757 --> 00:43:19,798 This is a song about a human being who is also an Indian 551 00:43:19,831 --> 00:43:22,400 and if you don't remember his name, 552 00:43:22,433 --> 00:43:28,940 I think you may after this song. It's called Ira Hayes. 553 00:43:28,974 --> 00:43:34,212 The first folk singer signed at Columbia was not Bob Dylan, it was Peter La Farge. 554 00:43:34,245 --> 00:43:39,951 * For a thousand years The sparkling water rushed * 555 00:43:39,985 --> 00:43:43,288 * Till the white man stole their water rights * 556 00:43:43,321 --> 00:43:47,092 For natives, for the singer-songwriter, Peter La Farge was the man. 557 00:43:47,125 --> 00:43:51,362 He was addressing the reality we were going through and our attitude towards it. 558 00:43:51,396 --> 00:43:53,899 We were listening to each other's music. 559 00:43:53,932 --> 00:43:58,136 There was a real protest movement going on about Vietnam. 560 00:43:58,169 --> 00:44:02,107 Universal Soldier on, you know, I mean, she was an activist; 561 00:44:02,140 --> 00:44:06,745 she was the first woman of of activism that had an audience. 562 00:44:06,778 --> 00:44:11,750 * He's five-foot-two and he's six-feet-four * 563 00:44:11,783 --> 00:44:15,353 * He fights with missiles and with spears * 564 00:44:15,386 --> 00:44:19,257 She was very instrumental in making those images 565 00:44:19,290 --> 00:44:26,131 and those points clear to a very open and willing audience. 566 00:44:26,164 --> 00:44:34,840 * And he's fighting in Canada He's fighting in France He's fighting in the USA * 567 00:44:34,873 --> 00:44:40,345 Unlike my peers in show business uh, who had never been to a reservation, 568 00:44:40,378 --> 00:44:51,156 and unlike my peers on the reservation who had no clout or power or voice um, 569 00:44:51,189 --> 00:44:53,258 I had those two. 570 00:44:53,291 --> 00:44:56,227 * This is not the way we put an end to war. * 571 00:45:08,206 --> 00:45:14,212 * Old Custer he split his men Well, he won't do that again. * 572 00:45:14,245 --> 00:45:18,149 * The general, he don't ride well anymore. * 573 00:45:18,183 --> 00:45:22,320 Johnny Cash wanted to make a folk record and he had seen La Farge before. 574 00:45:22,353 --> 00:45:26,825 And he said, "I have to meet this musician." And Johnny Cash felt very connected, 575 00:45:26,858 --> 00:45:30,228 and then they hung out and spoke and he said, "I want to take some of your songs 576 00:45:30,261 --> 00:45:32,798 and turn them into a record." 577 00:45:32,831 --> 00:45:35,400 He was in an extremely high moment in his career 578 00:45:35,433 --> 00:45:39,204 coming off the success of Ring of Fire. 579 00:45:39,237 --> 00:45:44,242 * I went down, down, down And the flames went higher * 580 00:45:44,275 --> 00:45:50,949 * And it burns, burns, burns The ring of fire, the ring of fire * 581 00:45:50,982 --> 00:45:55,053 And even at that moment, riding the high of these giant hits, 582 00:45:55,086 --> 00:45:59,124 Columbia Records are still trying to block him from making this record. 583 00:45:59,157 --> 00:46:01,559 Johnny was fighting and ready to throw his career away 584 00:46:01,592 --> 00:46:03,361 if they wouldn't put this record out. 585 00:46:03,394 --> 00:46:06,231 He was going to put it out, you know, no matter what they said. 586 00:46:06,264 --> 00:46:09,167 He knew this album was essentially censored and banned. 587 00:46:09,200 --> 00:46:14,505 So Johnny Cash decides to write a letter about his displeasure. 588 00:46:14,539 --> 00:46:19,177 Line after line of scathing indictment of the record industry. 589 00:46:19,210 --> 00:46:23,048 And he himself putting the letter in the record sleeve 590 00:46:23,081 --> 00:46:26,351 and then personally not just mailing the record to the specific DJs, 591 00:46:26,384 --> 00:46:31,022 but appearing in the city when he was performing to the DJ with the record and saying, 592 00:46:31,056 --> 00:46:32,523 "Just give it a chance." 593 00:46:32,557 --> 00:46:35,426 I've got very little Indian blood in me myself, 594 00:46:35,460 --> 00:46:38,196 except in my heart I've got 100% for you tonight. 595 00:46:42,467 --> 00:46:46,571 * Gather round me people There's a story I would tell * 596 00:46:46,604 --> 00:46:50,876 * About a brave young Indian That we should remember well * 597 00:46:50,909 --> 00:46:53,111 * From the tribe of the Pima Indian * 598 00:46:53,144 --> 00:46:55,546 * A proud and peaceful band... 599 00:46:55,580 --> 00:46:57,983 Well, I asked the DJs, "Why don't you play Bitter Tears?" 600 00:46:58,016 --> 00:47:01,152 And then it was the same answer, "Well, it makes you feel guilty, you know." 601 00:47:01,186 --> 00:47:03,421 "Uh, I didn't wreck your damn life." 602 00:47:03,454 --> 00:47:06,324 "You know, I didn't take away your damn land, it wasn't me." 603 00:47:06,357 --> 00:47:08,393 I'm, "Well, so what?" 604 00:47:08,426 --> 00:47:10,328 "I'm not telling you did, why don't you put..." 605 00:47:10,361 --> 00:47:11,429 "Well, we can't do that." 606 00:47:11,462 --> 00:47:21,139 ** 607 00:47:21,172 --> 00:47:23,108 Here they were. 608 00:47:23,141 --> 00:47:27,545 They were all hunted down, up this canyon as far as those pine trees are, 609 00:47:27,578 --> 00:47:31,549 across the creek over there. 610 00:47:31,582 --> 00:47:33,651 By America banning that album, 611 00:47:33,684 --> 00:47:37,322 it just closed everyone's conscience 612 00:47:37,355 --> 00:47:41,192 of the American Indian and their struggles. 613 00:47:44,629 --> 00:47:48,166 I was no longer a marginalized person writing Universal Soldier 614 00:47:48,199 --> 00:47:51,536 or talking about Native American issues in a coffee house. 615 00:47:51,569 --> 00:47:55,240 All of a sudden I was talking about those things on big-time television. 616 00:47:55,273 --> 00:47:58,443 And all of a sudden everything disappeared. 617 00:47:58,476 --> 00:48:00,245 All of a sudden there was no interest. 618 00:48:04,282 --> 00:48:08,419 And it was only twenty, twenty-five years later that in Toronto, 619 00:48:08,453 --> 00:48:12,590 a radio broadcaster started an interview by apologizing to me 620 00:48:12,623 --> 00:48:16,094 for having gone along with letters written on White House stationery 621 00:48:16,127 --> 00:48:20,131 commending them for supressing my music, which "deserved to be suppressed." 622 00:48:20,165 --> 00:48:23,634 And that's the way he started the interview 623 00:48:23,668 --> 00:48:28,606 Apparently, I had FBI files and got blacklisted, although I didn't know it at the time. 624 00:48:28,639 --> 00:48:32,277 And later on it was the CIA as well, I understand. 625 00:48:32,310 --> 00:48:35,146 They went after Buffy and they went after a lot of people 626 00:48:35,180 --> 00:48:37,382 at that time just to kind of keep them silenced. 627 00:48:40,618 --> 00:48:45,256 Buffy: I think I could have been more effective had I not been gagged in the US. 628 00:48:45,290 --> 00:48:47,525 But who was it who owned the newspapers? 629 00:48:47,558 --> 00:48:49,094 Who owned the television stations? 630 00:48:49,127 --> 00:48:50,395 Who owned the radio stations? 631 00:48:50,428 --> 00:48:53,264 Were they going to play Buffy Sainte No! 632 00:48:53,298 --> 00:48:55,066 It was the oil companies. 633 00:48:55,100 --> 00:48:58,003 It was people who were digging for uranium, stealing uranium, 634 00:48:58,036 --> 00:48:59,570 transferring it into private hands. 635 00:48:59,604 --> 00:49:01,039 That's who owned all that. 636 00:49:01,072 --> 00:49:05,043 You think that they were going to be making me a star? I don't think so. 637 00:49:05,076 --> 00:49:17,288 * 638 00:49:22,793 --> 00:49:33,004 * 639 00:49:33,038 --> 00:49:43,014 * 640 00:49:43,048 --> 00:49:45,583 Well, what Jimi was doing when he was playing Hear My Train A Comin', 641 00:49:45,616 --> 00:49:48,286 it was for a television show, I think. 642 00:49:48,319 --> 00:49:53,458 No amps, no pedals, no wah-wah's, no tricks, no dancing and no playing with his teeth. 643 00:49:53,491 --> 00:49:58,396 And he's just bringing pure-the power of the earth and history through him. 644 00:49:58,429 --> 00:50:03,268 * Waitin' for the train, yeah 645 00:50:03,301 --> 00:50:07,038 He's bringing the Charley Patton, you know, he's bringing uh, the Link Wray, 646 00:50:07,072 --> 00:50:10,741 he's bringing all those things up through him. 647 00:50:10,775 --> 00:50:18,516 Well, I knew he had music in him, because when he was small, his daddy bought him a guitar, 648 00:50:18,549 --> 00:50:24,122 an old guitar for him to play on, you know, around with the boys 649 00:50:24,155 --> 00:50:27,092 and so I knew he was musical. 650 00:50:27,125 --> 00:50:30,795 But I didn't know that he had that much music in him, you see. 651 00:50:30,828 --> 00:50:34,199 ** 652 00:50:34,232 --> 00:50:36,201 My grandma lived to be a hundred years old, 653 00:50:36,234 --> 00:50:38,103 which is um, amazing feat to itself but um, 654 00:50:38,136 --> 00:50:41,839 her father was slave, freed. 655 00:50:41,872 --> 00:50:47,445 Her mother was half Cherokee, and she grew up on the reservation. 656 00:50:47,478 --> 00:50:50,581 So she always kept that um, memory 657 00:50:50,615 --> 00:50:56,421 of being proud of being Cherokee. 658 00:50:56,454 --> 00:50:58,223 Being part Native was very meaningful to my grandmother. 659 00:50:58,256 --> 00:51:03,094 She talked about that a lot and really instilled that in all of us, but especially Jimi. 660 00:51:06,431 --> 00:51:10,568 She was a-a singer, a dancer, and she was in Vaudeville. 661 00:51:10,601 --> 00:51:15,373 ** 662 00:51:15,406 --> 00:51:22,480 She had this beautiful trunk, and it had feathers and boas and velvet, 663 00:51:22,513 --> 00:51:25,783 and Jimi used to love to play in this trunk. 664 00:51:25,816 --> 00:51:29,320 Try on the vests, try on the hats with a huge feather 665 00:51:29,354 --> 00:51:33,090 and beautiful tan suede coats that were full of fringe. 666 00:51:36,561 --> 00:51:40,231 Back then, my room was covered with Jimi posters. 667 00:51:40,265 --> 00:51:43,901 And I used to have to kind of laugh because some of the posters, 668 00:51:43,934 --> 00:51:48,906 they made Jimi really dark, like really like super dark. 669 00:51:48,939 --> 00:51:51,776 And I was just like, he wasn't that dark. 670 00:51:51,809 --> 00:51:58,849 And he was very, very fair and he had caramel coloured skin and beautiful almond-shaped eyes, 671 00:51:58,883 --> 00:52:03,254 and you could definitely tell he had various cultures that he was born with. 672 00:52:03,288 --> 00:52:10,261 * 673 00:52:10,295 --> 00:52:15,866 The package that was Jimi Hendrix was that indigenous quality that he had in him 674 00:52:15,900 --> 00:52:18,536 that a lot of people don't know that he had in him. 675 00:52:18,569 --> 00:52:22,473 But, you know, to bring that to the stage and celebrate it through his music 676 00:52:22,507 --> 00:52:25,510 and his presence, you know, that adds to the power, man. 677 00:52:25,543 --> 00:52:40,458 ** 678 00:52:40,491 --> 00:52:42,827 So during that period of time, now Indians are in. 679 00:52:46,264 --> 00:52:48,233 The hippies, the flower children emerging. 680 00:52:48,266 --> 00:52:49,834 So they want to be Indians themselves. 681 00:52:59,944 --> 00:53:03,814 When he went up to Woodstock you have the beautiful white jacket with fringe, 682 00:53:03,848 --> 00:53:06,484 with turquoise beading. 683 00:53:06,517 --> 00:53:11,256 Part of it is, yes, it is the '60s, but for him it was much more meaningful than that. 684 00:53:11,289 --> 00:53:16,494 When we reached the site of the Woodstock Festival, 685 00:53:16,527 --> 00:53:19,230 Mitch Mitchell, the drummer, looked out he says, "Oh my goodness!" 686 00:53:19,264 --> 00:53:20,598 he'd never seen that many people before. 687 00:53:20,631 --> 00:53:23,734 And I said, "What is it, Mitch?" And I looked out and said, "Oh no!" 688 00:53:25,736 --> 00:53:30,575 And then Jimi looked out and said, "Hm," with all the wisdom that he had, 689 00:53:30,608 --> 00:53:32,843 I don't know where he got this wisdom, but he said, 690 00:53:32,877 --> 00:53:36,981 "You know, those people are sending a lot of energy up on stage, 691 00:53:37,014 --> 00:53:41,819 so let us take that energy, utilize it, and send it back to them." 692 00:53:46,424 --> 00:53:52,963 I see that we meet again. Hmm. Well, well, well. 693 00:53:52,997 --> 00:53:56,401 And when he's doing the Star Spangled Banner at Woodstock 694 00:53:56,434 --> 00:54:01,872 it just sounded like everything that had happened up to that point in his life, 695 00:54:01,906 --> 00:54:04,809 in his family's life, it was this amazing collision 696 00:54:04,842 --> 00:54:11,582 of putting what the country was going through or or his generation to sound. 697 00:54:11,616 --> 00:54:13,884 You know, it was a pretty amazing moment. 698 00:54:13,918 --> 00:54:27,598 * 699 00:54:27,632 --> 00:54:30,968 I think he was including all of his frustration 700 00:54:31,001 --> 00:54:33,971 with civil rights, with racism, 701 00:54:34,004 --> 00:54:37,775 with the war in Vietnam, with political oppression, 702 00:54:37,808 --> 00:54:39,944 and I think they all come out in his playing. 703 00:54:39,977 --> 00:54:42,680 I mean, you hear it. He's painting a picture for you. 704 00:54:42,713 --> 00:54:44,048 All you gotta do is listen. 705 00:54:44,081 --> 00:54:54,825 ** 706 00:54:54,859 --> 00:54:57,928 Some people thought at that time it was sacrilegious. 707 00:54:57,962 --> 00:55:03,401 And my dad got really tense and he wasn't breathing and I was like, "Are you OK?" 708 00:55:03,434 --> 00:55:05,903 And he said . 709 00:55:05,936 --> 00:55:09,907 He kept looking over at the police officer and he said, "I really..." once it was over, 710 00:55:09,940 --> 00:55:13,578 he could breathe, because he thought the police officer was going to arrest him, 711 00:55:13,611 --> 00:55:15,813 because you just didn't do that then. 712 00:55:15,846 --> 00:55:17,348 ** 713 00:55:17,382 --> 00:55:20,685 He was very proud. 714 00:55:20,718 --> 00:55:27,358 I mean, he was very proud of being Native and being African American and being Scottish. 715 00:55:27,392 --> 00:55:31,696 It's part of your legacy; it's part of your heritage; it's part of who you are 716 00:55:31,729 --> 00:55:33,798 and what you want to reflect and represent. 717 00:55:38,903 --> 00:55:41,706 It's kind of the American superhero in a way. 718 00:55:41,739 --> 00:55:46,611 It's like, he's a little bit of everything and uh, and, but none of it's diluted. 719 00:55:46,644 --> 00:55:50,147 It's like he's more powerful because of it. 720 00:55:50,180 --> 00:55:54,084 ** 721 00:55:58,723 --> 00:56:08,733 * 722 00:56:08,766 --> 00:56:15,506 * 723 00:56:15,540 --> 00:56:23,581 Yonge Street from when I was very young, it was a centre of music 724 00:56:23,614 --> 00:56:26,451 that I didn't know how things were 725 00:56:26,484 --> 00:56:30,555 in Chicago or Detroit of New York, 726 00:56:30,588 --> 00:56:33,624 but Yonge Street was on fire. 727 00:56:33,658 --> 00:56:42,500 ** 728 00:56:42,533 --> 00:56:45,703 You'd try to listen through the doors or peek through the windows, 729 00:56:45,736 --> 00:56:48,439 and then somebody would go in one of these places 730 00:56:48,473 --> 00:56:50,675 and you would hear the music come flooding out 731 00:56:50,708 --> 00:56:55,646 and it would be like, "Oh, did you hear that?" you know, just those few seconds. 732 00:56:55,680 --> 00:57:02,720 * 733 00:57:02,753 --> 00:57:07,091 When I was sixteen, Ronnie Hawkins hired me to play in the Hawks. 734 00:57:07,124 --> 00:57:11,228 ** 735 00:57:11,261 --> 00:57:13,598 All of a sudden, they were our Beatles. 736 00:57:13,631 --> 00:57:16,667 These guys could do no wrong. They just killed me. 737 00:57:16,701 --> 00:57:21,572 * Hey, Bo Diddley! 738 00:57:21,606 --> 00:57:24,642 And Robbie was just outrageous. 739 00:57:24,675 --> 00:57:32,216 He'd launch into a solo and we'd just stand there and think, "Oh my God, listen to this guy play. 740 00:57:32,249 --> 00:57:33,818 How does he do that?" 741 00:57:33,851 --> 00:57:38,022 * 742 00:57:38,055 --> 00:57:43,494 Robbie came up with something that I hadn't heard anybody else do. 743 00:57:43,528 --> 00:57:46,897 He just didn't play like anybody else. 744 00:57:46,931 --> 00:57:50,735 ** 745 00:58:01,278 --> 00:58:06,784 * 746 00:58:06,817 --> 00:58:12,957 ** 747 00:58:12,990 --> 00:58:19,930 My real guitar lessons were at the Six Nation Indian Reserve. 748 00:58:19,964 --> 00:58:28,038 All my cousins, uncles, aunts, everybody, seemed like they could play an instrument. 749 00:58:28,072 --> 00:58:40,017 * Oh, sometimes I can see The things you wanted me to be * 750 00:58:40,050 --> 00:58:47,592 This mix between a Native kind of music and a country kind of music. 751 00:58:47,625 --> 00:58:50,294 So I thought, well, this is just what you do. 752 00:58:50,327 --> 00:58:54,732 I've got to learn how to do this. I've got to get into this club. 753 00:58:54,765 --> 00:58:58,669 And there was this key expression, 754 00:58:58,703 --> 00:59:02,607 "Be proud you're an Indian, but be careful who you tell." 755 00:59:02,640 --> 00:59:06,911 ** 756 00:59:06,944 --> 00:59:10,180 And I used to tell everybody that one of these days 757 00:59:10,214 --> 00:59:13,684 I'm gonna go out and I'm gonna play music all over the world. 758 00:59:13,718 --> 00:59:19,790 And they'd be like, "You know, we don't want to see you get a broken heart, 759 00:59:19,824 --> 00:59:22,359 because that doesn't happen to people like us." 760 00:59:22,392 --> 00:59:26,764 ** 761 00:59:26,797 --> 00:59:32,102 I was like, "No, no, no, you can't spoil my dream. I'm in the middle of it." You know. 762 00:59:32,136 --> 00:59:34,371 "Don't wake me up now." 763 00:59:34,404 --> 00:59:37,975 And so I went and I pursued these things. 764 00:59:38,008 --> 00:59:43,380 And then joining up with Bob Dylan, and then we're in a musical revolution now. 765 00:59:43,413 --> 00:59:46,851 Now we're doing something that has reverberations around the world. 766 00:59:46,884 --> 00:59:48,786 Don't boo me anymore. 767 00:59:48,819 --> 00:59:52,356 Don't boo me, God they're booing, I can't stand it. 768 00:59:52,389 --> 00:59:55,192 Oh my God, it's hard to get in tune when they're booing! 769 00:59:55,225 --> 00:59:59,396 When Bob decided to take a band out, he chose the Hawks. 770 00:59:59,429 --> 01:00:01,331 Just as the folk world's starting to 771 01:00:01,365 --> 01:00:04,902 finally relate to him, he leaves. 772 01:00:04,935 --> 01:00:09,606 He plugs in, causing enormous reactions. 773 01:00:14,244 --> 01:00:17,347 That group considered electrified rock and roll commercial. 774 01:00:19,984 --> 01:00:22,753 And therefore, a betrayal politically. 775 01:00:22,787 --> 01:00:25,389 And I think they caught the brunt of it. 776 01:00:25,422 --> 01:00:30,761 I think then Dylan says, "Play it fuckin' loud." And they played Like a Rolling Stone. 777 01:00:30,795 --> 01:00:34,732 And Robbie is there literally, I think he said, "Play it fuckin' loud." 778 01:00:34,765 --> 01:00:36,000 Bang! He turned it up. 779 01:00:36,033 --> 01:00:47,077 * 780 01:00:47,111 --> 01:00:49,246 And they were phenomenal, all right. 781 01:00:49,279 --> 01:00:52,883 This is one of the greatest--the band's greatest tours ever in history. 782 01:00:52,917 --> 01:00:56,887 ** 783 01:00:56,921 --> 01:00:58,756 And people would boo. 784 01:01:10,267 --> 01:01:16,406 Every night in every place we'd play, people would boo and throw stuff at you. 785 01:01:16,440 --> 01:01:19,977 You'd pack up your equipment and you'd go on to the next place 786 01:01:20,010 --> 01:01:22,980 and people would boo you and throw stuff at you. 787 01:01:23,013 --> 01:01:27,351 And you'd think, "What a strange way to make a buck, you know." 788 01:01:27,384 --> 01:01:31,922 Robbie Robertson told me, he says, "We started taping the shows to listen 789 01:01:31,956 --> 01:01:34,491 in the hotel room because we're like, what are we missing here? 790 01:01:34,524 --> 01:01:37,427 Why-why-why are we-why are they booing this? 791 01:01:37,461 --> 01:01:40,164 Because this sounds pretty good to me." 792 01:01:40,197 --> 01:01:44,334 But after a while, we got so we were doing it really well, 793 01:01:44,368 --> 01:01:47,905 and there was an attitude towards the music. 794 01:01:47,938 --> 01:01:55,212 And uh, a violence and a dynamic and something that you just didn't hear anywhere else. 795 01:01:55,245 --> 01:02:01,318 And as that grew, I started to think, which is pretty bold, 796 01:02:01,351 --> 01:02:04,121 we're right, and the world is wrong. 797 01:02:04,154 --> 01:02:07,024 * 798 01:02:07,057 --> 01:02:09,293 * That's when that little love of mine * 799 01:02:09,326 --> 01:02:13,130 * Dips her donut in my tea 800 01:02:13,163 --> 01:02:16,433 * Up on Cripple Creek she sends me * 801 01:02:16,466 --> 01:02:19,970 * If I spring a leak, she mends me * 802 01:02:20,004 --> 01:02:23,307 * I don't have to speak; she defends me * 803 01:02:23,340 --> 01:02:30,147 * A drunkard's dream if I ever did see one. * 804 01:02:30,180 --> 01:02:35,853 The entire industry got right back to song-writing and Robbie Robertson, 805 01:02:35,886 --> 01:02:39,857 one of the great song writers of all time, had effectuated that change 806 01:02:39,890 --> 01:02:43,527 by his own sensibility and the band's sensibility. 807 01:02:43,560 --> 01:02:47,331 ** 808 01:02:47,364 --> 01:02:50,200 It seems like at a time when everything was psychedelic and all this stuff, 809 01:02:50,234 --> 01:02:55,239 then The Band came out and they kind of brought everything back to earth. 810 01:02:55,272 --> 01:02:57,808 I mean, Clapton wanted to be in The Band. 811 01:02:57,842 --> 01:02:59,476 And George Harrison wanted to be in The Band. 812 01:02:59,509 --> 01:03:00,911 Everybody wanted to be in The Band. 813 01:03:06,350 --> 01:03:11,288 They became instant classics, and they were milestones in American music, 814 01:03:11,321 --> 01:03:12,857 because it was a new standard. 815 01:03:15,625 --> 01:03:20,264 We wanted it to be more than just a concert, we wanted it to be a celebration. 816 01:03:20,297 --> 01:03:22,499 He said that The Band is gonna give its last performance 817 01:03:22,532 --> 01:03:25,402 and they're gonna have all these guests. 818 01:03:25,435 --> 01:03:27,237 Everyone from Van Morrison and Muddy Waters 819 01:03:27,271 --> 01:03:31,475 to Joni Mitchell, Neil Young, you know, Ronnie Hawkins. 820 01:03:31,508 --> 01:03:37,614 I said, "Well, forget it." I said, "This has somehow gotta be recorded." 821 01:03:37,647 --> 01:03:43,320 * The night they drove Old Dixie down * 822 01:03:43,353 --> 01:03:46,156 * And all the people were singing, they went * 823 01:03:46,190 --> 01:03:49,626 * Nah nah nah nah nah 824 01:03:49,659 --> 01:03:52,162 Listen to the lyrics of The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down 825 01:03:52,196 --> 01:03:54,098 over and over again and still find something new. 826 01:03:54,131 --> 01:03:58,168 It's still, when you hear their music, it's not of the past. 827 01:03:58,202 --> 01:03:59,403 It's of the present. 828 01:04:26,663 --> 01:04:31,035 My name is B. Mitchell Reid and I'm talking here with Jesse Ed Davis. 829 01:04:31,068 --> 01:04:33,037 How'd you pick up a guitar? 830 01:04:33,070 --> 01:04:35,339 Jimmy Reed and Elvis Presley came on. 831 01:04:35,372 --> 01:04:36,941 That really did it for me. 832 01:04:36,974 --> 01:04:46,984 ** 833 01:04:47,017 --> 01:04:53,323 ** 834 01:04:53,357 --> 01:04:57,928 I can't say enough about how valuable Jesse Davis was. 835 01:05:02,099 --> 01:05:08,538 He had a special touch, special sound for the blues, which I love the way he played. 836 01:05:08,572 --> 01:05:12,242 When I listen to his solo to this day I hear every note. 837 01:05:12,276 --> 01:05:15,512 But with Jesse Ed you always felt like there was more in his back pocket. 838 01:05:15,545 --> 01:05:18,983 You never felt like you got everything he had. 839 01:05:19,016 --> 01:05:28,258 ** 840 01:05:28,292 --> 01:05:32,496 I particularly fell in love with Jesse Edwin Davis because he was with Taj Mahal, 841 01:05:32,529 --> 01:05:37,001 and Taj's album is what spurred me to rock more. 842 01:05:37,034 --> 01:05:38,535 That-that touched something inside of me. 843 01:05:38,568 --> 01:05:44,608 ** 844 01:05:44,641 --> 01:05:48,979 So we're playing live at the Whisky a Go Go. 845 01:05:49,013 --> 01:05:51,615 I usually played my harmonica with my eyes closed. 846 01:05:51,648 --> 01:05:55,119 And I happened to open them up in the middle and looked down on the floor 847 01:05:55,152 --> 01:06:02,392 and there's Mick Jagger dancing; there's Brian Jones dancing; there is Keith Richards dancing. 848 01:06:02,426 --> 01:06:04,261 And it was just one of the best times. 849 01:06:04,294 --> 01:06:06,130 It was just--it couldn't have been better. 850 01:06:15,039 --> 01:06:21,445 And somewhere along the last part of November, eight tickets came to our manager's office. 851 01:06:21,478 --> 01:06:25,149 First-class round trip tickets on BOAC to London. 852 01:06:25,182 --> 01:06:28,052 And to be asked to the Rolling Stones. 853 01:06:28,085 --> 01:06:29,219 The rest is history. 854 01:06:29,253 --> 01:06:33,323 ** 855 01:06:33,357 --> 01:06:37,127 I don't think Taj was selling a lot of records at that point, 856 01:06:37,161 --> 01:06:40,397 but then they went to England and did the Rock and Roll Circus. 857 01:06:40,430 --> 01:06:50,774 ** 858 01:06:50,807 --> 01:06:53,610 And Jesse met John Lennon. 859 01:06:53,643 --> 01:06:56,513 And they hit it off like long lost brothers. 860 01:06:56,546 --> 01:06:59,049 And so of course John just fell in love with this guy. 861 01:06:59,083 --> 01:07:03,653 ** 862 01:07:03,687 --> 01:07:08,258 When Jesse went over and they found out that he was Native, 863 01:07:08,292 --> 01:07:12,229 they were so enthralled with that, they took to him right away. 864 01:07:12,262 --> 01:07:17,501 I gotta commend him for being bold enough to come right out and being proud of his culture 865 01:07:17,534 --> 01:07:20,337 and proud of his blood line. 866 01:07:20,370 --> 01:07:23,207 Jesse had a bit of exotic about him too. 867 01:07:23,240 --> 01:07:32,482 He was Native American, he was a cool dresser, and he played great, tight, dynamic blues. 868 01:07:32,516 --> 01:07:37,554 And the British rock aristocracy, they loved this, you know. 869 01:07:37,587 --> 01:07:40,657 This is something they can't get naturally. 870 01:07:40,690 --> 01:07:42,392 They have to import it. 871 01:07:42,426 --> 01:07:45,529 So that's why Jesse became such a go-to guy. 872 01:07:45,562 --> 01:07:48,298 John Lennon loved Jesse Ed over the moon. 873 01:07:48,332 --> 01:07:52,369 He thought he was one of the greatest guitar players he's ever heard. 874 01:07:52,402 --> 01:07:54,804 That's how I got into the Bangladesh concert. 875 01:07:54,838 --> 01:07:59,809 About two days before the concert, Eric Clapton came down really sick 876 01:07:59,843 --> 01:08:02,879 and George called me up and said, "Look, will you play?" 877 01:08:02,912 --> 01:08:05,149 And of course I said yes. 878 01:08:05,182 --> 01:08:06,483 I just jumped at the chance. 879 01:08:06,516 --> 01:08:08,252 This is Jesse Ed Davis. 880 01:08:11,688 --> 01:08:13,523 Everybody wanted to use him at that point. 881 01:08:13,557 --> 01:08:17,894 Here he is with the Beatles, Clapton, you know uh, the biggest, 882 01:08:17,927 --> 01:08:21,798 most important musicians in the world, they all wanted him. 883 01:08:21,831 --> 01:08:26,170 When I was making my first record I thought, you know, like I get Jesse Ed to play, 884 01:08:26,203 --> 01:08:30,707 and I called him and he listened to the song I had in mind for him to play 885 01:08:30,740 --> 01:08:33,810 and he said, "I don't really hear myself playing on this. 886 01:08:33,843 --> 01:08:35,745 You got anything else?" 887 01:08:35,779 --> 01:08:41,718 I said, "Yeah, well, okay, cue up that other song." 888 01:08:41,751 --> 01:08:46,323 And uh, and that other song was the song that he wound up playing on Doctor my Eyes. 889 01:08:46,356 --> 01:08:49,893 He played it once. He listened to it for a minute and he said, 890 01:08:49,926 --> 01:08:52,396 "Okay, I can play this. this. I can play on this." 891 01:08:52,429 --> 01:08:58,468 And he says, "Just cue it up and I--" he goes out and he's tuning his guitar. 892 01:08:58,502 --> 01:09:00,103 I mean, I wound up just recording everything. 893 01:09:00,136 --> 01:09:05,875 I said, "You better record everything." So he tunes up as he's getting to the solo 894 01:09:05,909 --> 01:09:08,312 and he says, "OK, that's the solo? OK." 895 01:09:08,345 --> 01:09:12,516 And he didn't do the whole length of it or anything like that, he's like, "OK." 896 01:09:12,549 --> 01:09:14,851 And he played this solo once. 897 01:09:14,884 --> 01:09:24,861 * 898 01:09:24,894 --> 01:09:30,867 My record comes out and he's shocked to find out that it's a hit; it's like a top ten hit. 899 01:09:30,900 --> 01:09:35,539 Like, he's all over the place; everybody's saying, "Who is that guitar player?" 900 01:09:35,572 --> 01:09:39,909 And people still want to play that solo if they play that song. 901 01:09:39,943 --> 01:09:46,383 * Doctor, my Eyes Cannot see the sky * 902 01:09:53,423 --> 01:09:57,561 He was hanging out with some very important people, big rock 'n' roll people, 903 01:09:57,594 --> 01:10:02,966 who were very into heroin. And they just did it. 904 01:10:02,999 --> 01:10:06,002 It was like, "Want to try some of this?" -"Sure." 905 01:10:06,035 --> 01:10:10,840 The Jesse Ed that I knew before he left on the, uh, Rod Stewart and Faces tour 906 01:10:10,874 --> 01:10:12,976 was not the Jesse that came home. 907 01:10:15,312 --> 01:10:19,249 He came back from that tour a junkie, and he wasn't before. 908 01:10:21,785 --> 01:10:27,457 He went and checked into yet another rehab for Indian people: the Eagle Lodge. 909 01:10:27,491 --> 01:10:29,759 And by then I was done. 910 01:10:29,793 --> 01:10:34,798 I'm, like, "Show me a year; I want to see that one year chip or don't bother coming home." 911 01:10:34,831 --> 01:10:39,469 In 1985 I was speaking at Cal State Long Beach and Jesse was in a halfway house, 912 01:10:39,503 --> 01:10:41,838 the Eagle Lodge Halfway House in Long Beach 913 01:10:41,871 --> 01:10:45,542 and so that whole crew from that halfway house came to my speaking thing. 914 01:10:45,575 --> 01:10:49,946 And then Jesse introduced himself and the first thing he did was he me his name 915 01:10:49,979 --> 01:10:53,517 and the second thing he said to me was he could make music from my words. 916 01:10:53,550 --> 01:10:56,820 See, and I had been looking for two years for somebody to do that. 917 01:10:56,853 --> 01:10:58,555 * Grafitti Man's got something to say * 918 01:10:58,588 --> 01:11:00,990 * 919 01:11:01,024 --> 01:11:02,426 * Message in a scrawl 920 01:11:02,459 --> 01:11:03,793 * Message on the wall 921 01:11:03,827 --> 01:11:06,363 * Put on blinders! 922 01:11:06,396 --> 01:11:12,969 Grafitti Man with John Trudell; I thought this was so original 923 01:11:13,002 --> 01:11:19,609 and there was something just beautiful about what they were doing together. 924 01:11:19,643 --> 01:11:25,882 And Bob Dylan got a copy of it and he did this interview with Rolling Stone 925 01:11:25,915 --> 01:11:28,051 and he said it was the best album of the year. 926 01:11:28,084 --> 01:11:30,420 He's the one that got attention to us. 927 01:11:33,423 --> 01:11:36,960 This is '85 when they did the first record and he was completely sober 928 01:11:36,993 --> 01:11:39,796 the entire time he was doing it. 929 01:11:39,829 --> 01:11:43,533 I know he was because I'm the Sobriety Sargent-at-Arms, and so is John. 930 01:11:45,869 --> 01:11:49,739 When he showed up in my life, ex-drug-addict; he's fightin' a habit 931 01:11:49,773 --> 01:11:52,842 and I'm an ex-kicked out militant political activist. 932 01:11:52,876 --> 01:11:55,078 You know, there's no demographic for us. Fuck. 933 01:11:56,480 --> 01:11:58,448 I mean in reality who's gonna take us on? 934 01:11:58,482 --> 01:12:00,083 Because there's no demographic for that. 935 01:12:00,116 --> 01:12:07,357 ** 936 01:12:07,391 --> 01:12:12,896 I'm real proud to be playing with John Trudell and I'm real proud to be an Indian. 937 01:12:12,929 --> 01:12:18,902 And this is, uh, something I hope that doesn't go by you, what we're trying to do. 938 01:12:18,935 --> 01:12:22,806 ** 939 01:12:22,839 --> 01:12:28,778 What Jesse did was he brought me music, he gave me a band; 940 01:12:28,812 --> 01:12:31,014 he dressed me up as a rock 'n' roller. 941 01:12:31,047 --> 01:12:35,485 He put me on stage, helped me learn how to be on stage, and then he checked out. 942 01:12:35,519 --> 01:12:36,986 That's what Jesse did. 943 01:12:37,020 --> 01:12:38,755 I mean that's the way I look at it. 944 01:12:38,788 --> 01:12:42,726 ** 945 01:12:42,759 --> 01:12:46,796 Now here's a guy who can play guitar; can make you cry 946 01:12:46,830 --> 01:12:50,434 and make you laugh and make you think. 947 01:12:50,467 --> 01:12:57,073 Yet he was self-medicating himself to a degree; he must have been in so much pain 948 01:12:57,106 --> 01:13:00,544 that he was taking so much medicine that it eventually killed him. 949 01:13:00,577 --> 01:13:04,180 And they found him dead on the floor of the laundry room of his apartment building 950 01:13:04,213 --> 01:13:06,850 in Culver City with a needle in his arm. 951 01:13:06,883 --> 01:13:09,886 So the demons came back. 952 01:13:09,919 --> 01:13:12,889 If he had been cleaned up, something got him back. 953 01:13:12,922 --> 01:13:16,660 It broke my heart. 954 01:13:16,693 --> 01:13:21,865 We thought our contribution was really very positive. 955 01:13:21,898 --> 01:13:26,936 We walked the land, played the music that we loved. 956 01:13:26,970 --> 01:13:32,008 And, uh, some of us lived to talk about it. 957 01:13:37,080 --> 01:13:44,020 * 958 01:13:44,053 --> 01:13:46,723 There's nobody who plays like him. 959 01:13:46,756 --> 01:13:49,859 He's not gone; he is everywhere. 960 01:13:49,893 --> 01:13:53,997 I can't put a radio on, I can't go to the market... anywhere-he's everywhere. 961 01:13:54,030 --> 01:13:58,835 ** 962 01:13:58,868 --> 01:14:03,573 I want that music to continue to bring joy and blow people's minds always, 963 01:14:03,607 --> 01:14:05,942 and it always will. 964 01:14:05,975 --> 01:14:12,181 * Doctor, my eyes Cannot see the sky * 965 01:14:12,215 --> 01:14:19,523 * Is this the prize For having learned how not to cry? * 966 01:14:28,164 --> 01:14:30,867 That's why Pat and Lolly Vegas ask you, Do you want to dance? 967 01:14:30,900 --> 01:14:39,042 ** 968 01:14:39,075 --> 01:14:42,646 * Do you wanna dance and hold my hand? * 969 01:14:42,679 --> 01:14:45,181 * Tell me I'm your lovin' man 970 01:14:45,214 --> 01:14:49,653 * Oh baby, do you wanna dance? 971 01:14:49,686 --> 01:14:51,220 My grandfather had a guitar. 972 01:14:51,254 --> 01:14:53,957 He set it above the armoire, you know, and he said, 973 01:14:53,990 --> 01:14:56,225 "When you can reach that guitar you can have it." 974 01:14:56,259 --> 01:14:59,128 And, uh-so I stood on a chair and took it. 975 01:14:59,162 --> 01:15:02,131 * Do you wanna dance? 976 01:15:02,165 --> 01:15:03,833 I just got the bug, you know. 977 01:15:03,867 --> 01:15:06,169 Once I got it, that was it; it was over. 978 01:15:06,202 --> 01:15:08,772 That's all I wanted to do, you know. 979 01:15:08,805 --> 01:15:12,208 My brother and I, we said we're either gonna go to New York or L.A. 980 01:15:12,241 --> 01:15:15,779 to pursue the music, to pursue the dream, you know? 981 01:15:15,812 --> 01:15:17,947 And, uh, we flipped a coin; it came out L.A. 982 01:15:17,981 --> 01:15:23,720 ** 983 01:15:23,753 --> 01:15:27,023 Was it hard? Like, when you guys first came to Hollywood, 984 01:15:27,056 --> 01:15:29,158 two guys from northern California; you know, dark skin. 985 01:15:29,192 --> 01:15:32,095 I know it must have been hard for you to get jobs and shit so. 986 01:15:32,128 --> 01:15:33,529 Yeah, 'cause they weren't hiring. 987 01:15:33,563 --> 01:15:38,267 The Sunset Strip and Hollywood wasn't hiring anybody that was ethnic. 988 01:15:38,301 --> 01:15:42,706 Like black or brown. You had to be strictly white. 989 01:15:42,739 --> 01:15:48,845 Announcer: Now? Another Gazzarri hotspot! Hollywood A Go-Go on the Sunset Strip! 990 01:15:48,878 --> 01:15:53,249 These are the lucky ones; they got inside. Not everyone was so fortunate. 991 01:15:53,282 --> 01:15:56,786 We went and played at Gazzarri's on the Strip. It used to be a block, two blocks 992 01:15:56,820 --> 01:16:00,223 down the street waiting to get in every night, seven days a week. 993 01:16:00,256 --> 01:16:02,191 Did they have all sorts of different bands rotating out? 994 01:16:02,225 --> 01:16:05,028 No, just one band. Headlining Vegas. 995 01:16:05,061 --> 01:16:11,100 * Oh, baby! Do you wanna dance? * 996 01:16:11,134 --> 01:16:14,938 We were wearing really nice mohair suits with nice black shoes. 997 01:16:14,971 --> 01:16:17,306 * Do you, do you, do you wanna dance? * 998 01:16:17,340 --> 01:16:21,244 And we did our Cajun set and we wore bib overalls. 999 01:16:21,277 --> 01:16:25,649 I had to keep changing so I had to do something that we could actually hold onto 1000 01:16:25,682 --> 01:16:28,217 and it would be ours. 1001 01:16:28,251 --> 01:16:32,055 Jimi was one of the people that supported us the most. 1002 01:16:32,088 --> 01:16:37,160 He's the one that told us in the very beginning, "Do the Indian thing, man." 1003 01:16:37,193 --> 01:16:41,097 To see them on Midnight Special doing Come And Get Your Love 1004 01:16:41,130 --> 01:16:43,633 in full regalia 1005 01:16:43,667 --> 01:16:47,804 doing the drum chants before they would go into one of their hit records... 1006 01:16:47,837 --> 01:16:51,007 That was actually-that was pretty heavy. 1007 01:16:51,040 --> 01:16:56,145 * 1008 01:16:56,179 --> 01:16:58,414 Pat: We used to mic the floor, you know. 1009 01:16:58,447 --> 01:17:02,351 So when we came out, the stomping sounded like a herd of buffalo coming. 1010 01:17:02,385 --> 01:17:04,087 You know what I mean? It really sounded loud. 1011 01:17:04,120 --> 01:17:07,323 ** 1012 01:17:07,356 --> 01:17:13,129 There we were, uh, four young Native Americans doing these chants, these primitive chants 1013 01:17:13,162 --> 01:17:15,832 and then all of a sudden going to this rock 'n' roll. 1014 01:17:15,865 --> 01:17:19,202 And then put the two together and the people would just say, 1015 01:17:19,235 --> 01:17:22,038 "Wow, what's going on? What's going on here?" 1016 01:17:28,311 --> 01:17:39,122 * Hell, hell, what's the matter with your head? * 1017 01:17:39,155 --> 01:17:40,556 They couldn't believe it. 1018 01:17:40,589 --> 01:17:45,228 Here they are, these four Indians, with you know, garb and moccasins 1019 01:17:45,261 --> 01:17:49,298 and all the things that they've seen in film actually playing rock, you know. 1020 01:17:49,332 --> 01:17:53,737 And our album came out and it just took off and it went crazy. 1021 01:17:53,770 --> 01:17:58,141 You know Come And Get Your Love , it's in Guardians of the Galaxy . 1022 01:17:58,174 --> 01:18:05,749 * Hell, hell what the matter with your head yeah * 1023 01:18:05,782 --> 01:18:11,220 When the hero is marching through the alien landscape knocking off monsters 1024 01:18:11,254 --> 01:18:14,057 and all this stuff, he's strutting to Redbone. 1025 01:18:14,090 --> 01:18:19,729 ** 1026 01:18:19,763 --> 01:18:22,732 There's a real conqueror's vibe to that song. 1027 01:18:22,766 --> 01:18:26,235 It's a great track; it's a great song and they were a great band. 1028 01:18:26,269 --> 01:18:27,904 And they're great artists, you know. 1029 01:18:27,937 --> 01:18:37,346 Uh, it's not easy to come up with a really accessible, funky, heartfelt hit single; 1030 01:18:37,380 --> 01:18:39,749 that's not an easy thing to do and they did it. 1031 01:18:39,783 --> 01:18:47,991 * Come and get your love Come and get your love * 1032 01:18:48,024 --> 01:18:53,897 You can be explicitly political and make an important point, 1033 01:18:53,930 --> 01:18:57,500 but ultimately getting through is the best revenge. 1034 01:18:57,533 --> 01:19:00,503 You want to do it with class; you want to do it with dignity. 1035 01:19:00,536 --> 01:19:02,405 And Redbone did that. 1036 01:19:02,438 --> 01:19:05,341 They had the class; they had the dignity; they had the hooks. 1037 01:19:05,374 --> 01:19:06,442 And they got through. 1038 01:19:06,475 --> 01:19:08,011 So they win. 1039 01:19:08,044 --> 01:19:10,246 ** 1040 01:19:26,062 --> 01:19:29,498 I come from, uh, East Los Angeles, California, living in the barrios. 1041 01:19:29,532 --> 01:19:31,267 I lived in the barrios. You did 1042 01:19:31,300 --> 01:19:32,902 I was in east L.A. on Geraghty. 1043 01:19:32,936 --> 01:19:34,170 Dude, I lived in Boyle Heights-Dogtown. 1044 01:19:34,203 --> 01:19:35,104 I was in Geraghty, dude. 1045 01:19:35,138 --> 01:19:36,305 Wow! 1046 01:19:36,339 --> 01:19:37,640 Yes, East L.A. Represent, Dude. 1047 01:19:41,044 --> 01:19:44,147 Bass line off of your song it mirrors, uh, the song we had, uh, 1048 01:19:44,180 --> 01:19:46,315 calledLet's Get It Started that we did in 2003. 1049 01:19:46,349 --> 01:19:48,051 Yeah, I loved that. 1050 01:19:48,084 --> 01:19:50,386 Yeah, it's got that-it's got that haunting, like, walking, like, 1051 01:19:50,419 --> 01:19:52,922 * domp, domp, domp, domp, domp, domp, domp, domp, domp, * Ghost Spirit. 1052 01:19:52,956 --> 01:20:04,100 ** 1053 01:20:04,133 --> 01:20:05,969 You got twenty-five thousand people in an audience 1054 01:20:06,002 --> 01:20:07,536 singing Let's Get It Started , 1055 01:20:07,570 --> 01:20:10,874 dancing to that bass line and people are going bananas. 1056 01:20:14,143 --> 01:20:17,180 The Black Eyed Peas sold sixty million records around the world. 1057 01:20:20,349 --> 01:20:25,354 I grew up understanding my Mexican roots more than my Native roots. 1058 01:20:25,388 --> 01:20:28,357 There has to be something that sparks you and some people will be, like, 1059 01:20:28,391 --> 01:20:33,596 "Well, it was my dad or my mom." But honestly for me it was my grandma. 1060 01:20:33,629 --> 01:20:36,565 When I went to my grandmother as I got older, 1061 01:20:36,599 --> 01:20:40,403 she would start breaking out the old old photo albums. 1062 01:20:40,436 --> 01:20:45,441 By bringing me into her culture, which was, uh, Shoshone, 1063 01:20:45,474 --> 01:20:50,113 it set me into understanding where I come from. 1064 01:20:50,146 --> 01:20:51,814 It started making sense to him. 1065 01:20:51,847 --> 01:20:56,419 Like, "Why do I feel this way? Why do I hear things this way? Why do I dance this way? 1066 01:20:56,452 --> 01:21:00,890 And can fit these rhythms in that are neither black nor white. 1067 01:21:00,924 --> 01:21:04,527 I started realizing how important and how beautiful 1068 01:21:04,560 --> 01:21:06,963 being Shoshone and being Mexican were. 1069 01:21:06,996 --> 01:21:20,243 * [mix of new piece and Come and Get your Love] * 1070 01:21:20,276 --> 01:21:24,147 When you hear something that you sparked off and inspired so many people 1071 01:21:24,180 --> 01:21:26,983 and you weren't aware of that and it just takes you by surprise- 1072 01:21:27,016 --> 01:21:28,551 Yeah. Yeah. It was inspiring. 1073 01:21:28,584 --> 01:21:30,186 You know, I-I want to do another one. 1074 01:21:32,688 --> 01:21:35,959 You know, I love that you and I come from the same background. 1075 01:21:35,992 --> 01:21:41,497 Our stories are similar and it's good to see positive brothers trying to inspire. 1076 01:21:41,530 --> 01:21:45,568 That just lifts me up; I'm off the ground right now, you know. 1077 01:21:45,601 --> 01:21:47,503 That's a beautiful thing for me. 1078 01:21:47,536 --> 01:21:50,639 ** 1079 01:21:57,446 --> 01:22:03,519 * 1080 01:22:03,552 --> 01:22:11,227 * [Motley Crue's Girls, Girls, Girls!] * 1081 01:22:11,260 --> 01:22:21,404 ** 1082 01:22:21,437 --> 01:22:24,607 Rock 'n' roll ! Heavy metal ! Party! Rock's bitchin! 1083 01:22:28,444 --> 01:22:30,746 I moved to L.A. in 1985. 1084 01:22:30,779 --> 01:22:35,051 The Sunset Strip back then was packed and crazy every night. 1085 01:22:35,084 --> 01:22:39,755 All the girls had like no clothes on; all the guys had crazy hair. 1086 01:22:39,788 --> 01:22:43,993 You'd be in front of the Roxy and you'd see Axl, Slash, Matt Sorum, 1087 01:22:44,027 --> 01:22:47,696 you'd see all these guys who were pretty much gonna be the future of rock 'n' roll, 1088 01:22:47,730 --> 01:22:50,766 I mean everybody was there. 1089 01:22:50,799 --> 01:22:54,670 I wanted to be a rock star; I didn't want to be like an "Indian rock star" 1090 01:22:54,703 --> 01:22:56,505 I wanted just to be a rock star. 1091 01:22:56,539 --> 01:22:59,542 I was homeless, I was broke, but I knew I was going to have to 1092 01:22:59,575 --> 01:23:02,578 come up with some kind of of identity if I was going to make it. 1093 01:23:02,611 --> 01:23:07,083 In L.A., I really didn't fit in because I wasn't black and I wasn't white. 1094 01:23:07,116 --> 01:23:10,319 So I was a rock guy but I really loved black music. 1095 01:23:10,353 --> 01:23:14,123 I was playing with George Clinton and Bootsy Collins 1096 01:23:14,157 --> 01:23:16,559 and everyone in town thought I was this super funk guitar player. 1097 01:23:16,592 --> 01:23:19,762 But the truth is they wouldn't even let me play any funk on their records at all; 1098 01:23:19,795 --> 01:23:22,098 they'd only let me play rock. 1099 01:23:22,131 --> 01:23:24,467 But I'd watch them and I'd learn, because those guys could play funk 1100 01:23:24,500 --> 01:23:27,770 like on a whole other level. 1101 01:23:27,803 --> 01:23:30,706 Then I'd get around my white friends and I'd play some funk 1102 01:23:30,739 --> 01:23:33,576 and then my funk would blow their funk away, right, 1103 01:23:33,609 --> 01:23:36,045 so to them they all thought I was this funk guy. 1104 01:23:36,079 --> 01:23:39,148 All of the sudden I'm at the Philadelphia Spectrum playing in front of 1105 01:23:39,182 --> 01:23:42,351 25, 000 people with Rod Stewart rupping a solo on the song Dynamite . 1106 01:23:42,385 --> 01:23:49,325 ** 1107 01:23:49,358 --> 01:23:53,229 I mean this whole thing was madness to me. I mean, my last band was my high school band. 1108 01:24:00,303 --> 01:24:03,106 Stevie Salas: bad rock 'n' roller; rock star. 1109 01:24:03,139 --> 01:24:06,342 You got to have balls and that's what it takes for rock 'n' roll. 1110 01:24:19,222 --> 01:24:23,226 So I'm on a private jet; I'm making tons of money and I have all these women, 1111 01:24:23,259 --> 01:24:26,629 but pretty soon I don't know who I am anymore. 1112 01:24:26,662 --> 01:24:31,334 Randy Castillo, he befriended me knowing I was a Native American 1113 01:24:31,367 --> 01:24:34,770 and he met me right when I was finishing the Rod Stewart tour. 1114 01:24:34,803 --> 01:24:39,808 I was going deeper and deeper into alcohol and partying and which girl I could be with 1115 01:24:39,842 --> 01:24:43,412 and how much money I could make or house I could buy, 1116 01:24:43,446 --> 01:24:46,382 and he could tell I was losing my mind. 1117 01:24:46,415 --> 01:24:49,652 He said to me, "I'm going to take you to New Mexico". 1118 01:24:57,426 --> 01:25:07,436 ** 1119 01:25:07,470 --> 01:25:20,916 ** 1120 01:25:20,949 --> 01:25:24,453 I'm taking John Trudell with me up to Taos. 1121 01:25:24,487 --> 01:25:30,626 We want to get together and have a little bit of a talk about our departed friend Randy Castillo. 1122 01:25:30,659 --> 01:25:32,161 Mr. Randy Castillo! 1123 01:25:32,195 --> 01:25:36,632 * 1124 01:25:36,665 --> 01:25:37,800 Randy Castillo. 1125 01:25:37,833 --> 01:25:39,668 Randy Castillo from New Mexico. 1126 01:25:39,702 --> 01:25:42,305 He'd be like playing his drums. I remember he always did this thing 1127 01:25:42,338 --> 01:25:44,307 where he hit the kick drum: boom, boom, boom. 1128 01:25:44,340 --> 01:25:47,643 Mega-star. 1129 01:25:47,676 --> 01:25:48,877 Mega-star. 1130 01:25:48,911 --> 01:25:50,179 Cover of every magazine. 1131 01:25:50,213 --> 01:25:51,814 * 1132 01:25:51,847 --> 01:25:54,183 Mr. Randy Castillo! 1133 01:25:58,821 --> 01:26:06,695 ** 1134 01:26:06,729 --> 01:26:10,733 I was in Los Angeles and spent my time then going fucking nuts, right? 1135 01:26:10,766 --> 01:26:14,937 You know, just every actress I could see, every Playboy bunny I could get; 1136 01:26:14,970 --> 01:26:17,506 every cocktail I could drink. 1137 01:26:17,540 --> 01:26:20,609 Me and Randy started becoming friends and he says, "You're pretty fucked up." 1138 01:26:20,643 --> 01:26:22,845 He goes, "I need to take you to Indian country." 1139 01:26:22,878 --> 01:26:24,313 Right. 1140 01:26:24,347 --> 01:26:25,848 I didn't really ever have heard that phrase. 1141 01:26:25,881 --> 01:26:27,850 Indian country? He brought me here. 1142 01:26:38,361 --> 01:26:40,996 The secret to Indian country is when you're losing your mind 1143 01:26:41,029 --> 01:26:44,400 only lose the parts that need losing. 1144 01:26:44,433 --> 01:26:45,968 Right it is. Right.I'll tell you. 1145 01:26:46,001 --> 01:26:52,908 ** 1146 01:26:52,941 --> 01:26:58,013 The last thing you wanted to be when you were my great-great-grandfather 1147 01:26:58,046 --> 01:27:02,985 was an Indian because only bad things were happening to Indians. 1148 01:27:03,018 --> 01:27:07,990 The Mexicans could chase the Apache into America without permission... 1149 01:27:08,023 --> 01:27:11,460 if they they were in pursuit of killing Apache. 1150 01:27:11,494 --> 01:27:13,962 The Americans could cross into Mexico without permission 1151 01:27:13,996 --> 01:27:17,232 if they were chasing Apache and killing Apache. 1152 01:27:21,337 --> 01:27:23,739 It depended where you were at in the land. 1153 01:27:23,772 --> 01:27:27,910 Some places they would rather be an Indian than a Mexican. 1154 01:27:27,943 --> 01:27:31,814 And in some places they'd rather be a Mexican than an Indian. 1155 01:27:31,847 --> 01:27:33,782 All right? 1156 01:27:33,816 --> 01:27:36,619 Uh, and in some places, they didn't want to be either but they were 1157 01:27:36,652 --> 01:27:38,987 so some of them would be calling themselves Hispanic. 1158 01:27:42,825 --> 01:27:50,599 Randy Castillo was confident and loved being an Indian, heads up loud and proud and representing, 1159 01:27:50,633 --> 01:27:55,037 He was just such a beautiful man and a great ambassador for the American Indians. 1160 01:27:55,070 --> 01:27:58,941 He was just such a great drummer, number one. 1161 01:27:58,974 --> 01:28:03,379 And he was an amazing showman. 1162 01:28:03,412 --> 01:28:08,917 Randy's roots, his Native American roots, his New Mexican roots, made him stand out. 1163 01:28:08,951 --> 01:28:12,054 He was like a spirit; that's what you sensed coming into the room. 1164 01:28:12,087 --> 01:28:14,690 You know, if you walked into a room and he was there 1165 01:28:14,723 --> 01:28:16,892 and even if you didn't see him, you knew he was there. 1166 01:28:21,129 --> 01:28:25,801 He was just out there and he was putting it out there and he was like a magnet. 1167 01:28:25,834 --> 01:28:29,672 I mean, he knew exactly who he was, exactly who he was gonna be. 1168 01:28:29,705 --> 01:28:31,640 We were really close. 1169 01:28:31,674 --> 01:28:34,910 When we had a day off we'd spend it together; we'd go to a nightclub. 1170 01:28:34,943 --> 01:28:37,012 He rapidly became one of my best friends. 1171 01:28:37,913 --> 01:28:43,786 Ozzy! Ozzy! Ozzy! 1172 01:28:43,819 --> 01:28:47,623 Here's a song dedicated to Mr. Randy Castillo, it's a number called Tattooed Dancer. 1173 01:28:47,656 --> 01:28:52,561 ** 1174 01:28:52,595 --> 01:28:58,701 Well, Randy had become one of the most influential heavy metal drummers in the world, 1175 01:28:58,734 --> 01:29:00,603 uh, because of his work with Ozzy. 1176 01:29:00,636 --> 01:29:05,508 ** 1177 01:29:05,541 --> 01:29:12,815 And Ozzy always said he loved working with indigenous people, Hispanic people. 1178 01:29:12,848 --> 01:29:17,085 It was like he had a connection with them 'cause he felt they had better rhythm. 1179 01:29:17,119 --> 01:29:20,556 And he always mentioned Randy as being a direct connection 1180 01:29:20,589 --> 01:29:25,127 to that indigenous energy and that rhythm that he loved. 1181 01:29:25,160 --> 01:29:30,933 * 1182 01:29:30,966 --> 01:29:40,976 ** 1183 01:29:41,009 --> 01:29:47,650 ** 1184 01:29:47,683 --> 01:29:51,119 Oh say...my brothers. 1185 01:29:51,153 --> 01:29:52,120 How are you, man? 1186 01:29:52,154 --> 01:29:53,021 Good to see you. 1187 01:29:53,055 --> 01:29:54,590 How are you? 1188 01:30:09,705 --> 01:30:13,942 It was always in Randy's blood because... being Apache you know, 1189 01:30:13,976 --> 01:30:17,613 but he took it to a different level and went higher, 1190 01:30:17,646 --> 01:30:20,816 became one of the best drummers in the world. 1191 01:30:20,849 --> 01:30:24,987 I know when he saw Benito's drums he wanted a whole trap set like that. 1192 01:30:25,020 --> 01:30:26,889 You know. 1193 01:30:26,922 --> 01:30:29,592 And too bad we didn't get to do that, you know, for him. 1194 01:30:29,625 --> 01:30:40,636 ** 1195 01:30:40,669 --> 01:30:46,108 He had a style that was obviously influenced by his roots, 1196 01:30:46,141 --> 01:30:49,612 kind of Indian drumming thing that was going underneath it; 1197 01:30:49,645 --> 01:30:52,080 he didn't drum like a normal person. 1198 01:30:52,114 --> 01:30:55,651 Normal people would just-you know, they just play drums like this. 1199 01:30:55,684 --> 01:30:58,687 But there was this 1200 01:30:58,721 --> 01:31:01,156 it was just this pounding thing that was going through everything. 1201 01:31:11,534 --> 01:31:14,637 It was his heartbeat; Randy's playing the heartbeat and that's it. 1202 01:31:14,670 --> 01:31:15,938 It's it; it's Indian country right there. 1203 01:31:15,971 --> 01:31:17,272 Bam! 1204 01:31:17,305 --> 01:31:23,278 ** 1205 01:31:23,311 --> 01:31:27,282 A lot of that funk, it's from the earth; it's organic, you know. 1206 01:31:27,315 --> 01:31:32,154 It's-it comes from the war dances and there's something tribal about it. 1207 01:31:37,893 --> 01:31:39,227 It's very primal. 1208 01:31:39,261 --> 01:31:41,964 And that I always equate to his roots. 1209 01:31:41,997 --> 01:31:46,802 You know he had, uh, a grandmother who was a curandero, a healer. 1210 01:31:46,835 --> 01:31:50,539 And he was very much in touch with that kind of spiritual thinking 1211 01:31:50,573 --> 01:31:53,576 and his indigenous ancestry. 1212 01:31:53,609 --> 01:31:58,914 He transcended all of the civil stuff that you see on a day-to-day level. 1213 01:31:58,947 --> 01:32:01,917 He sort of had this little jump over where he had a path 1214 01:32:01,950 --> 01:32:05,921 that went back to that and he was constantly tapping into that 1215 01:32:05,954 --> 01:32:08,924 and bringing that in through his music, through the way he played. 1216 01:32:24,039 --> 01:32:27,576 And one day we were going somewhere and I went to pick him up and he said, 1217 01:32:27,610 --> 01:32:30,278 "Hey, you know I found something over here; I've got this little thing over here." 1218 01:32:30,312 --> 01:32:31,914 and I go, "What's that?" 1219 01:32:31,947 --> 01:32:34,249 And he goes, "Well, it's like a little bump." 1220 01:32:34,282 --> 01:32:37,052 And I said, "Well, it's probably you're picking at your, you know, 1221 01:32:37,085 --> 01:32:39,221 whiskers all the time or whatever it is you're doing." 1222 01:32:39,254 --> 01:32:41,724 He goes, "No, it's underneath." 1223 01:32:41,757 --> 01:32:44,827 And I said, "Well, you know, I don't know; maybe you should get it checked out." 1224 01:32:44,860 --> 01:32:49,598 And he sort of neglected it for a while and... and one day he goes, 1225 01:32:49,632 --> 01:32:52,801 "Well, uh, I went to the doctor about that today." 1226 01:32:52,835 --> 01:32:54,770 Then he said, uh, "I'm just gonna go home." 1227 01:32:54,803 --> 01:32:56,304 And I go, "What's going on?" 1228 01:32:56,338 --> 01:33:02,044 And he goes, "Well, um-uh, that thing that I've got on my neck, it's cancer." 1229 01:33:05,413 --> 01:33:10,853 Just went from being this huge personality to just this waif 1230 01:33:10,886 --> 01:33:13,321 of a memory of something that once was. 1231 01:33:13,355 --> 01:33:22,898 * 1232 01:33:30,739 --> 01:33:36,078 I run into Hispanics, Native Americans today that come up to me 1233 01:33:36,111 --> 01:33:40,315 and ask me about Randy Castillo, you know. 1234 01:33:40,348 --> 01:33:44,086 He's a celebrated hero amongst that community. 1235 01:33:44,119 --> 01:33:52,695 ** 1236 01:33:52,728 --> 01:33:54,362 Just keep on practicing like a maniac. 1237 01:33:54,396 --> 01:33:56,832 Practice. Practice. 1238 01:33:56,865 --> 01:34:00,969 And listen and try to play with other people as much as you possibly can 1239 01:34:01,003 --> 01:34:03,839 because you can learn a lot faster that way. 1240 01:34:03,872 --> 01:34:06,341 And, uh, the whole idea is to play with a band. 1241 01:34:06,374 --> 01:34:09,712 You know you can lock yourself up in your room and practice forever 1242 01:34:09,745 --> 01:34:13,716 but if you don't play with somebody then, uh, you're gonna sound that way. 1243 01:34:13,749 --> 01:34:19,387 So, uh, stick with it, you know and, uh, you'll do it if you want it bad enough. 1244 01:34:22,958 --> 01:34:26,061 ** 1245 01:34:26,094 --> 01:34:28,964 * Stand up, stand up! 1246 01:34:28,997 --> 01:34:30,833 * 1247 01:34:30,866 --> 01:34:32,434 * Stand up, stand up! 1248 01:34:32,467 --> 01:34:40,809 ** 1249 01:34:40,843 --> 01:34:44,046 When you're surrounded by beautiful people that come from the Nations, 1250 01:34:44,079 --> 01:34:47,449 and they're proud of their heritage; it just inspires everybody. 1251 01:34:47,482 --> 01:34:51,153 * We've been fightin' for our freedom since the Nina and the Pinta and the Santa Maria * 1252 01:34:51,186 --> 01:34:55,690 * Stand up! Like Geronimo, Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, Crazy Horse, Leonard Peltier * 1253 01:34:58,761 --> 01:35:01,163 Indigenous people being left out of the story of music 1254 01:35:01,196 --> 01:35:03,732 of course has everything to do with the land. 1255 01:35:03,766 --> 01:35:09,371 It has to do with the way of imagining the American Dream, 1256 01:35:09,404 --> 01:35:12,374 which was a land cleared of indigenous people. 1257 01:35:14,910 --> 01:35:16,979 * 1258 01:35:17,012 --> 01:35:20,983 * Don't stand between the reservations and the corporate banks * 1259 01:35:21,016 --> 01:35:29,524 * They'll send in federal tanks It isn't nice but it's reality * 1260 01:35:29,557 --> 01:35:34,062 * Bury my Heart at Wounded Knee * 1261 01:35:36,064 --> 01:35:40,535 It's been a long time but we're still here; we're still alive and we're singing. 1262 01:35:40,568 --> 01:35:44,807 * Cover me with pretty lies 1263 01:35:44,840 --> 01:35:46,775 * Bury my Heart at Wounded Knee * 1264 01:35:46,809 --> 01:35:50,445 They tried to erase it but it didn't get erased. 1265 01:35:50,478 --> 01:35:53,281 If they had erased it, we wouldn't be able to pick up the pieces. 1266 01:35:53,315 --> 01:35:55,984 * They got these energy companies who want the land * 1267 01:35:56,018 --> 01:35:59,121 * And they've got churches by the dozens * 1268 01:35:59,154 --> 01:36:03,091 Yeah, you wouldn't let me talk about it before; well, now I'm gonna talk real loud. 1269 01:36:03,125 --> 01:36:10,065 * want to guide our hand and sing our mother earth over to pollution, war and greed * 1270 01:36:10,098 --> 01:36:13,335 * Bury my Heart at Wounded Knee * 1271 01:36:13,368 --> 01:36:15,938 The big racket's been around for a long time. 1272 01:36:15,971 --> 01:36:20,475 And anybody who really wants to be effective learns how not to fight it... 1273 01:36:20,508 --> 01:36:24,146 'cause they'll outgun you - but how to work around it, through it, 1274 01:36:24,179 --> 01:36:27,950 how to even heal it up. 1275 01:36:27,983 --> 01:36:31,219 We carry a medicine in us, you know, especially the medicine of the arts. 1276 01:36:31,253 --> 01:36:35,423 * Bury my Heart at Wounded Knee! * 1277 01:36:35,457 --> 01:36:45,467 * 1278 01:36:45,500 --> 01:36:52,841 * 1279 01:37:10,959 --> 01:37:11,026 * Link Wray's "Rumble' 106638

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