Original subtitles

What is the holographic principle,

and how did it emerge?

In this episode, we look at how to access the infinite field

of information in our universe.

[MUSIC PLAYING]

The holographic principle has been present throughout

the ages, although it may have not been called that way early

on.

The concept that everything is present in everything,

that from any point or any part of the universe,

you could get the information of the whole,

has been present in ancient civilization traditions,

shamanism, and masters around the world

in many different cultures.

The concept of oneness has been there all along.

However, in the development of the holographic principle

in standard physics, we start the exploration

with a famous physicist, David Bohm,

which thought of the implicate and explicate order of creation

as this structure in which creation

contained every piece of information of the whole

in every point.

Every region contains the total structure unfolded within it.

He thought that all of the information of the universe

would be present in every point.

And this was described is his exploration

of the holographic principle early on.

Now, what is a hologram?

OK.

A hologram is an experiment or a setup

in order to get a three-dimensional projection

in space.

It's important to understand the holographic principle

of physics is called that way only as an analogy.

And this is where people get mixed up, including physicists.

And so I'm going to make a very distinct separation

between a hologram that we may call on Earth here

and the universe having a holographic principle.

Those are two different things.

However, the hologram is a good analogy

to most likely what the universe is doing.

To produce a hologram, a laser beam is split into two

identical beams and redirected by the use of mirrors.

One of the split beams is directed at the object--

in this example, an apple.

Some of the light is reflected off the object directly

onto the photographic plate.

The second beam is directed onto the photographic plate.

And when the two beams intersect and interfere with each other,

the interference pattern recreates a virtual 3D image

of the apple in this space.

Interestingly, the word "hologram"

comes from the Greek word "holos"--

whole, or "grama"-- message.

If a hologram is cut into pieces,

each piece contains whole views of

the entire holographic image.

And what's really amazing and interesting about this is that

if you cut the plate in half and shoot the laser at it,

the apple is still going to appear.

It's going to have lower resolution,

but it's still going to appear.

And if you cut it in quarter and you should the laser at it,

it's still going to have the apple.

All the information is still there.

You can cut, theoretically, the plate to infinity

and still have the information of the apple.

So the concept is that every point contains the whole, which

is a concept, as I said, that was already

present in ancient civilization all around the world,

in shamanic cultures and so on.

Physics develop in such a way that we discovered

that there is this possibility in the universe that

black holes could form.

And this was very puzzling for physicists.

Einstein's filled equations predicted

that black holes could form.

Einstein himself didn't believe it could exist.

He thought that part of the equation is wrong.

All the rest is working out, but most likely,

a black hole cannot form.

At the time, the word "black hole" wasn't even coined.

It was called a singularity.

And it is the foundation of the solution to Einstein's field

equation.

It's called the Schwarzschild solution to the Einstein field

equation.

The Schwarzschild solution is the primary solution

to Einstein field equation used to describe and calculate

gravity or orbitals of planets and stars.

And so it's very much present, but it mostly ignored,

the part in which the mass of an object could have a density

so high that the light could not even escape from it.

However, when black holes were discovered--

but even before, when exploration

about that part of Einstein field equation was done--

there was something puzzling.

If light is falling into a black hole,

if information is falling into a black hole--

so you can think of information and information theory

as particles falling into the black hole like photons that

could carry information about their velocity, their position,

and so on.

So you can think of particles as information

in information theory.

There's a direct and analog between information and energy.

Then where is the information going?

When it goes into the black hole, where does it end up?

If the black hole can evaporate--

and this is something that was the result of some

of the exploration that Stephen Hawking did on black holes.

It's called Hawking radiation.

Hawking predicted that energy fluctuations from the vacuum

cause the generation of particle-anti-particle pairs

of virtual particles near the event

horizon of the black hole.

One of the particles falls into the black hole

while the other escapes before they have the opportunity

to annihilate each other.

The net result is that to someone viewing the black hole,

it would appear that a particle had been emitted.

Since the particle that is emitted has positive energy,

the particle that gets absorbed by the black hole

has negative energy relative to the outside universe.

This results in the black hole losing energy and thus mass.

Smaller primordial black holes can actually

emit more energy than they absorb,

which results in them losing net mass.

Larger black holes, such as those that are one solar mass,

absorb more cosmic radiation than they

emit through Hawking radiation.

Well, if it's losing energy and information is falling

in, where is the information going to end up?

Where is it going?

And in the standard model of cosmology,

which was Hawking's opinion and others,

is that the information is lost.

But that violates some of the foundations of physics in which

information cannot be lost in quantum theory.

And this was a big problem.

There was what is commonly described as the black hole

information war that developed between quantum physicists

and cosmologists, some saying, no,

the information is just lost, some saying all the information

end up in a parallel universe somewhere else,

and quantum physicists saying, no, information cannot be lost.

The two main characters of this black hole war

was Stephen Hawking and Leonard Susskind,

which is the director of the Physics Department at Stanford

University.

And the two were debating what happens to the information

in the universe.

Eventually, with the help of other physicists,

Leonard Susskind, from little bit

of a convoluted path of earlier physics that

were written by Bekenstein and others,

develop a concept that is now known

as the holographic principle.

This concept showed that the information that's

falling into the black hole is holographically

imprinted on the surface of the black hole as Planck vacuum

fluctuation.

And here is our ether again at this nice, centrally position,

again reemerging, showing that the information

is held in the structure of the vacuum

at the surface of the black hole.

So it is not lost.

The mathematics were written for it,

and it give the correct temperature

for the entropy of the black hole,

for the temperature of the black hole.

And so it was proven to be correct,

or at least it has been theorized to be correct.

And eventually, Stephen Hawking conceded the bet

that information could be retained

on the surface of the black hole,

and the information was not lost.

So Leonard Susskind and the holographic principle

became explored more and more by many, many physicists,

and the concept became very much embedded

in the modern interpretation of black hole entropy

and some of the most advanced and most important

mathematics and physics that are being explored today,

including er equals epr, showing that entanglement

may be through black holes and that black holes are

like little--

entangled by particles, saying that particles

may be as well black holes.

But before we jump into all this,

the holographic principle is something

that I had developed in a different way

from the early physics that I had come up with.

I had realized that this Planck field, this ether

is made out of teeny oscillators at the Planck scale.

So you can think of them as discreteness,

granular structure of spacetime, that Einstein

was correct to think that spacetime curved

to produce gravity, but spacetime

is only smooth at large scale.

When you look closely, just like water in our tub--

when you look at the water going down the drain,

it appears smooth, but when you look closely,

it's made out of atoms, which is granular.

Spacetime was made of these granular structures.

And I had come up with a little bit the same interpretation

of the holographic principle from a different perspective.

But in my case, I had realized that the granular structure

of spacetime is not a 2D surface as

in the current holographic principle,

but that the grains are little spheres, little particles.

And it wasn't just on the surface of the black hole,

but it was on the interior of the black hole.

Spacetime and the vacuum structure

is not excluded from the inside of the black hole.

So I started to think about this holographic principle

and the granular structure of spacetime,

the granular structure of the vacuum fluctuation

being this dynamic spin that produce particles--

most importantly, the center of the atom, the proton.

Think of the proton in the nucleus of the atom

as being the center of the vortex of spacetime

coming in and making a little proton in the middle.

So imagine all the information that's spinning together

that makes up a proton.

I calculated that.

I calculated how many Plancks are

on the inside of the radius of a proton.

And I was amazed when I finished the calculation

because the mass of all the little Plancks

inside the proton added up to the mass

of the universe precisely.

So right away, it seemed holographic,

which in principle means that all

the information of the whole is present in each point.

And I was finding that.

All the information, all the energy

seemed to be present in the Planck information

inside the proton.

Don't think of the universe being in there.

Just think of the information of the universe being

in there, just like when you play a CD of a music orchestra,

the violin is not on the CD.

The piano is not on the CD.

The orchestra director or conductor is not on the CD.

But all of these things and the information are there, right?

So think of the information being present holographically

in the Planck field.

So you can imagine how small the Planck granular structure must

be to contain all the information of all

of the other protons in the universe in one proton.

But that's what the equation was giving.

But then I thought, wait a minute.

That information is inside the mini black hole, right?

It's not able to come out.

It's restricted by the information

that's on the surface, the entropy of the black hole.

So then I looked at the relationship

between the surface and the inside.

How much of the information inside could

go through the surface?

I got a number which is the ratio between the two.

I multiplied that number by the mass

of 1 bit of information, 1 Plank,

to get the mass of the ratio.

I got the exact mass of the proton.

And when I manipulated the equation,

I got a radius for the proton, and that radius

was 4% smaller than what is predicted

by the standard model.

And when I published this, then I predicted--

and this was in December of 2012--

I predicted that when we would measure the proton

more precisely, we might find that smaller radius.

There was a result of these experiments that

showed that the radius of the proton from muonic scattering

was smaller than predicted by the standard model.

And my prediction was precisely that new radius

that was measured.

So that radius was confirmed, and my prediction

was inside one standard deviation of the experiment.

So I was inside the margin of error of experiment.

So my radius may have been even much more

precise than the experiment.

This means fundamentally that the information network

of the universe--

the spinning of this Plank field into existence

in the universe--

connects everything together since all the information

is present in one point in the center of an atom.

So if that was true, then I should be able to take that

equation and extrapolate it to the rest of the universe.

That took me a while, of course.

It's not simple.

I'm describing this in simple terms.

It gets complicated.

Basically, you can take this equation

and apply it to the electron.

That I have published.

And it does the right radius and the right mass

for the electron, and so on.

It can be applied to the whole universe,

and it gives the right mass for the universe

without the need of dark matter and dark energy.

It gives the right acceleration for the universe.

And as we discovered just recently,

it gives the right temperature, and so on.

And when we write the equation in a more classical way using

thermodynamics, you actually can get from this equation

all of the scales in our universe,

including superclusters, clusters, galaxies, stars,

planets.

So we get everything in the universe

emerging from this holographic view of creation.

Now, I want to make sure I make this distinction again.

It's not a holographic plate somewhere in the universe

projecting a holographic creation.

It is all of the interference pattern of spacetime

of the Planck field creating the interference weaving

of the information in the universe

producing this holographic effect.

Pushing the holographic analogy to a 2D surface

projecting our universe is wrong.

And it's been done by physicists and scientists

out there misleading and overreaching the analogy.

That is not the case.

The fact that the universe is holographic

is because of the natural behavior

of the nature of the oscillation structure of the field that

makes up our universe.

Every scale has the development of a little black hole

or a large black hole, like the center of a galaxy

or the center of an atom.

And it's basically black holes all the way up and all

the way down.

One of the evidence for this is that when

we solve these equations for our universe,

it clearly demonstrated that the universe is

a membrane that obeys the exact condition to be a black hole.

So it really is not debatable.

It gives the correct mass.

But not only that.

It gives the correct temperature for the black hole.

That is, the equation gives us the correct radiation

for that black hole, which would give the temperature.

And the temperature it gives is the temperature

we measure in the background temperature of our universe.

And so it definitely demonstrates

that we live inside a black hole and that everything

inside that black hole are smaller black holes that

organize in certain ways to make clusters, superclusters,

galaxies, eventually stars and planets

and biology and all this stuff.

And the dynamics of this black hole structure across scale

divides in very specific harmonic relationship.

Think of the universe being one wavelength,

very long wavelength, and then shorter wavelengths

and shorter wavelengths and shorter wavelengths

all the way down to the Planck, and then

eventually, as we discovered with this equation, sub-Planck.

And the sub-Planck wavelength that we discovered

is the same distance from the Planck

as the Planck is from the wavelength of the universe.

So the Planck radius, to Planck size, the Planck little ball,

is in between the size of the universe and the sub-Planck.

So these are huge scales.

They're immense.

For example, if we take a little Planck,

one bit of information at the Planck scale,

and we grow it in scale to the size of a grain of sand,

then the nucleus of an atom, the proton,

which is extremely small already,

would have a diameter the approximate equivalent between

the sun and Alpha Centauri.

That diameter is about 40 trillion kilometers

or 4.2 light years from Earth, a distance

that would take about 6,300 years to travel

using current technology.

So this is the change in scale between the Planck field

and the atom.

So you can imagine that it was easy for standard physics,

for the physics community to have missed it, right?

It's so teeny.

It's so far removed from the scale at which we experience

reality that it's nothing that we

knew was there until recently.

Now we're starting to discover, oh, wow,

these little Planck oscillators really

have an impact on black hole physics.

We're discovering, yes, the temperature and the entropy

of a black hole is related to what

these little Plancks are doing.

In my equation, we're discovering

that actually, all of the mass, the forces, everything

we see in the universe is actually the result of what

these little Planck are doing.

But then you can ask, well, what are these little Planck made

of?

Well, they're probably made of smaller Plancks.

And this is what we calculated with the equation

because the equation gives us the scales.

So we could calculate down as well.

And we found that the next scale of the sub-Planck

would be the same distance from the sub-Planck to the Planck

as of from the Planck to the size of the universe, which

would lead you to say, well, maybe

our universe is like a Planck for a larger universe,

and that universe is like a Planck for an even larger one.

And now you're starting to get the sense that the equation is

telling us about things that are much further, much outside what

we can directly observe.

But since it is accurate for everything we observe,

we know that it's most likely accurate for these things that

we cannot observe as well.

And that would mean that we live in a larger universe,

and that universe is in a larger universe.

And thus, we should be talking about multiverse.

And the multiverses are not parallel to each other,

but they're embedded within each other like Russian dolls.

Now, at any scale that you look at,

you'll find a parallel relationship.

You look at galaxies.

You'll see a galaxy here and a galaxy there

because they're approximately all the same scales, right?

But then you see nothing, and then eventually, you

see stars, right?

And then stars are approximately all the same scales.

They're all in a band of scales.

And in that scale, I could say things are parallel.

So it would be the same as I would say,

well, here's our universe.

And in that scale of universes, there's

other universes that are parallel.

Think of bubbles of universes that are parallel.

But that scale would be embedded in a larger

scale that's a larger universe, like Russian doll universe.

So this gives us a much different view

of the structure of our world, the structure of our universe,

and the holographic and as well fractal nature of creation.

What's important to remember here

is that creation appears to be the result

of a flow of information in which each point contains

the whole.

As the Planck fields spiral into creation,

the information, because there is

smaller and smaller and smaller bits of information

in each point, is conserved.

And all of knowledge about the whole

can be extrapolated from the part.

For instance, in these equations,

we discover we literally were studying the proton.

We were studying the proton using this equation,

and we ended up extrapolating the mass

of the universe, its temperature, its acceleration,

and so on.

So from the point of a proton, we

learned about the whole universe.

And so imagine what that means to you.

That means that from any proton in your body,

if you were able to connect and have access,

you could know about everything else in the universe.

You can know about the place you've never been,

remote view that place.

You could influence something that is far away from you.

There's all kinds of implication to these equations

that actually meet some of the most esoteric concept and some

of the esoteric experience people

have been having in the world where they think of somebody,

and they call, or they go to a place, and then they say,

oh, I dreamed about that place.

I know that place.

I've been there.

Although they've never been there physically.

If all the information is present in every point,

that means that you can have access to information

that's non-local to you.

And that means as well that you can learn from within you.

That is, not all knowledge comes from outside of you into you,

but that actually, you have knowledge within you that

can emerge from you.

And that is the creative process.

And that leads as well to understanding the source

of awareness or consciousness.