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at present Latin America is home to 826
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indigenous peoples which by the year
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2010 included nearly 45 million people
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accounting for 8 percent of the region's
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population the countries with the
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greatest proportion of indigenous
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peoples are Bolivia Guatemala Peru and
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Mexico there is huge diversity among
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indigenous peoples with some remaining
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and voluntary isolation and others
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coexisting in big cities Brazil has the
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greatest amount of indigenous peoples
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followed by Colombia Peru and Mexico
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indigenous peoples represent one of the
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most disadvantaged groups in the region
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and have suffered the systematic loss of
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their lands with severe consequences to
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their well-being nevertheless the
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Economic Commission for Latin America
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and the Caribbean at Clack has found
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some progress in recent years related to
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the recognition of their territorial
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rights and political participation there
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have also been improvements in their
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living conditions with greater access to
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health care and education
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the United Nations has championed the
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promotion of indigenous peoples rights
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and relies on three special resources
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for this purpose a permanent forum
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experts a special report or at a
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regulatory level indigenous peoples are
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protected by convention number 169 of
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the International Labour Organization of
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1989 which recognized their rights as
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peoples for the first time and the
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United Nations declaration on the rights
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of indigenous peoples of 2007 which
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considers these peoples rights to
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self-determination in the context of
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these efforts at Clack calls for the
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region's countries to put policies in
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practice to end inequality suffered by
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indigenous peoples policies based on
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human rights standards and the
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perspectives and contributions of these
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peoples this is crucial for the
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construction of a new
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development agenda beyond 2015 with
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equality at its heart
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