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Could an invisible
underwater force
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have changed
the course of world history?
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00:00:07,633 --> 00:00:11,803
How could this fleet of
enormous warships remain stationary?
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00:00:11,833 --> 00:00:14,233
This is a huge puzzle.
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00:00:14,267 --> 00:00:19,767
How does a modern-day
pirate ship evade capture for ten years?
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00:00:19,800 --> 00:00:23,570
Just as it seems like it's
going to get caught, it's gone.
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Can a treasure
trove of gold coins
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found in the waters
off the Holy Land
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00:00:29,367 --> 00:00:33,827
shed new light on the mysterious
disappearance of an ancient city?
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00:00:33,867 --> 00:00:38,327
To say that these coins are
virtually priceless is no exaggeration.
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00:00:38,367 --> 00:00:41,097
And there's hundreds of them
littering the seafloor.
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The underwater
realm is another dimension.
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It's a physically hostile place,
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where dreams of promise
can sink into darkness.
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I'm Jeremy Wade,
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and I'm searching the world
to bring you the most iconic
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and baffling underwater
mysteries known to science.
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The vast majority
of our ocean is unobserved,
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unmapped, and unexplored.
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It's a dangerous
frontier that swallows evidence.
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You have nowhere to run.
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Where unknown is normal
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and understanding is rare.
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The Battle of Actium,
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the decisive naval conflict in the
last war of the Roman Republic.
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The defeat of history's
most famous couple,
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Antony and Cleopatra,
shaped the world,
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but no one knows exactly
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what caused
their unexpected downfall.
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Now, scientists might be
one step closer to solving
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this 2,000-year-old mystery,
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and the answer might be
hiding just beneath the surface.
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September 2nd, 31 BC,
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an epic naval battle is about to
take place off the coast of Greece.
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The Battle of Actium is one of the
most famous naval engagements
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in ancient history.
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On one side,
Mark Antony and Cleopatra,
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Queen of Egypt,
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with an impressive fleet
of 500 ships.
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They're pitted against the
leader of the Roman Republic,
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Octavian Augustus.
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A 13-year rivalry will end here
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in a battle
that will shape the world.
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The stakes
of this battle are high.
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Whoever wins rules
the Roman world
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and the Roman world
is the world.
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Antony and Cleopatra's
ships advance towards the enemy.
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Then something bizarre
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starts to happen
in the waters of Actium.
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The fleet behaves
very sluggishly.
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The boats are moving
very slowly in the water.
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So the question is why were
these ships not able to maneuver
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like they should have been
able to maneuver?
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What causes the Egyptian ships
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to almost stop dead
in their tracks?
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It's one of the most baffling
military mysteries.
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Octavian's ships swoop in
and destroy the fleet.
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It's a shocking defeat.
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When you look
at the numbers in the battle,
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you say, "My God,
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why didn't Mark Antony win?"
He has more boats.
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He has bigger boats.
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He has the backing of Cleopatra.
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In just one
extraordinary day in history,
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the Battle of Actium is over.
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Antony and Cleopatra's
cataclysmic defeat
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brings an end
to the Roman Republic
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and ushers in a new chapter
in world history.
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This marks the beginning
of the Roman Empire.
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So what causes
Antony and Cleopatra's ships
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to slow down?
The crucial factor
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that gives rise
to history's greatest empire?
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That question has been puzzling
historians and mariners for centuries.
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In 2020, a major investigation
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into a strange
ship-stopping phenomenon
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00:04:48,600 --> 00:04:52,170
may finally provide
some answers.
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Researchers begin to piece
together clues hidden in ancient texts.
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Many ancient writers
have discussed
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what happened
at the Battle of Actium,
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and one of them,
Pliny the Elder,
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says that the ships were
held back by the remora.
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00:05:15,867 --> 00:05:17,867
Remoras are flat-headed fish
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that sucker onto other boats
and other larger fish in the seafloor.
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They use
high-powered suction discs
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to attach to anything
that's moving.
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They are the hitchhikers
of the ocean.
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Is it really plausible
that these moderate-sized fish
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could have slowed down
the Egyptian fleet?
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Scientists today believe
the remora's reputation
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for incapacitating ships
is an ancient mariner's myth.
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When remoras
hitch a ride on a vessel,
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they do create drag, but not
enough to bring a ship to a halt.
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It seems highly unlikely
that remoras had anything to do
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with the outcome
of the Battle of Actium.
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If remoras aren't to blame
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for stopping the Egyptian
fleet from advancing,
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00:06:05,500 --> 00:06:08,070
something else
must have been at play.
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Recent archeological work
near the naval battleground
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is unraveling another clue to Antony
and Cleopatra's mysterious defeat.
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Following his triumph at Actium,
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Octavian builds
a great victory monument.
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Octavian
is a warlord effectively,
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so monumentalizing his victory
is very important to him.
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In niches,
in front of the monument,
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he displays 35 great bronze
rams taken as war trophies
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from some of Antony and
Cleopatra's most important warships.
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Archeologists discover
something surprising.
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These stone niches
are still there today,
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and by 3D scanning these niches,
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it's possible to calculate
the size of the ships.
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Historical texts
have always described
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Cleopatra's Egyptian warships
as large galleys,
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00:07:07,200 --> 00:07:09,070
but new technology is revealing
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that the size of the ships
was truly exceptional.
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The ships were huge even
by their day.
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They were as long as a
Boeing 767 and twice as wide,
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and they would have been
rowed by 600 men.
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Can the extreme and
unconventional dimensions of the warships
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explain their mysterious
slow behavior?
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What we have
is these big armored ships.
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But on the opposing side,
you've got a smaller,
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lighter kind of galley.
Much quicker.
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Smaller, more nimble ships
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may have given Octavian
the upper hand.
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Having a
smaller ship, you might think
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is a disadvantage, however, it takes
less energy to get them up to speed.
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The bigger,
heavier ships can't ram them,
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00:08:00,633 --> 00:08:02,403
because they can maneuver
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00:08:02,433 --> 00:08:04,073
and then get out
of the way quickly.
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00:08:05,767 --> 00:08:09,967
But is there more to this
mystery than just flawed ship design?
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A groundbreaking
scientific discovery
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is finally unraveling
what really happened that day.
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00:08:17,067 --> 00:08:20,597
And the answer lies
beneath the surface.
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00:08:29,900 --> 00:08:33,830
How Antony and Cleopatra
lost the Battle of Actium
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has puzzled historians
and scientists for centuries,
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00:08:38,367 --> 00:08:41,727
but a new study of a powerful
underwater phenomenon
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could finally solve
this ancient naval mystery.
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In 2020,
scientists are researching
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00:08:54,367 --> 00:08:58,197
a strange nautical anomaly
called dead water.
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Could this have held back
Antony and Cleopatra's ships
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and caused
their devastating defeat?
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Dead water can slow down ships
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and, in some instances,
can even stop them.
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00:09:14,067 --> 00:09:16,227
The first person
to really observe it
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00:09:16,267 --> 00:09:19,127
was a famous Arctic explorer
called Fridtjof Nansen,
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and what he saw was that when
he was in the fjords in Norway,
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however much he tried to
push his ship through the water,
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it just didn't go anywhere.
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When Nansen
encounters dead water in 1893,
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he has no idea what's causing
his ship to slow down.
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But we now know much more
about this phenomenon.
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It occurs where there are different
levels of temperature or salinity,
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such as in fjords.
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In the fjords, you have cold,
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fresh glacial water
that is sitting
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on top of ocean water
that's more dense.
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Antony and Cleopatra's fleet
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is positioned in what's known
today as the Ambracian Gulf.
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So, do the waters here have the
right features for the dead water effect?
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00:10:05,600 --> 00:10:11,000
The Ambracian Gulf has fresh
water flowing in from two rivers,
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creating two different layers
of water,
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similar to the waters
where Nansen was sailing.
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And, therefore, a possible
location for dead water to occur.
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But could this phenomenon really
have slowed down the Egyptian fleet?
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French researchers set out
to solve this puzzle.
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When a ship travels
through water
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with two different densities,
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it creates an internal wave,
where the two layers meet,
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00:10:57,833 --> 00:11:00,973
and the water tank reveals
that how a ship is affected
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by an internal wave
depends on its speed.
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If you can push yourself
fast enough,
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you can actually get
yourself out of the regime,
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in which it happens.
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But if you can't,
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then you're basically
stuck in it,
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nothing you can do is going to
push your ship along any faster.
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On that day in Actium,
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Antony and Cleopatra's huge
cumbersome ships
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would have struggled to escape
the internal waves that they created.
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00:11:29,100 --> 00:11:31,630
With a scale model
of an Egyptian ship,
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00:11:31,667 --> 00:11:33,697
Germain Rousseaux
and his team noticed
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00:11:33,733 --> 00:11:37,203
something else extraordinary
that could help to decode
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Pliny the Elder's
ancient record of the battle.
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00:11:46,733 --> 00:11:51,173
The scale model ship
creates a very familiar pattern.
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In an extraordinary twist,
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Germain and his team now believe
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that Pliny the Elder could
have been right all along.
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He was referring to the remora
patterned wake and not the fish itself.
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It's likely then that the
combination of huge warships
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and dead water created a
perfect and devastating storm
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for Antony and Cleopatra.
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00:12:26,067 --> 00:12:28,327
So, after 2,000 years,
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this ancient mystery
might finally be solved.
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In the South Pacific,
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a marine biologist sees
her life flash before her eyes,
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00:12:47,200 --> 00:12:53,100
as she's thrown around violently
underwater by a humpback whale.
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The mystery
of this encounter deepens
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00:12:55,100 --> 00:12:59,770
when another danger
is spotted lurking nearby.
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00:12:59,800 --> 00:13:04,170
Could there be more to this
extraordinary event than meets the eye?
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00:13:06,767 --> 00:13:11,067
September 14th, 2017.
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00:13:11,100 --> 00:13:14,630
In the spectacular waters of
Rarotonga in the Cook Islands,
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00:13:14,667 --> 00:13:18,567
an extraordinary confrontation
is about to take place.
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00:13:20,067 --> 00:13:22,327
Marine biologist, Nan Hauser,
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00:13:22,367 --> 00:13:26,067
is snorkeling
in crystal clear water,
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00:13:26,100 --> 00:13:30,370
when she spots
a 25-ton humpback whale.
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00:13:30,400 --> 00:13:32,970
Thrilled by this
once-in-a-lifetime opportunity,
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00:13:33,067 --> 00:13:34,897
she starts filming.
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00:13:34,933 --> 00:13:39,073
But, her initial excitement
turns to fear.
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00:13:39,067 --> 00:13:42,927
The enormous creature pushes
her with its head and mouth.
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00:13:42,967 --> 00:13:45,867
Then it pulls her under
its pectoral fin
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and throws her out of the water.
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This woman must have been
absolutely terrified
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00:13:56,167 --> 00:14:00,867
to be scooped up by a
multi-ton wild animal in the ocean.
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00:14:00,900 --> 00:14:05,700
The seemingly
aggressive ordeal lasts ten minutes.
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00:14:05,733 --> 00:14:10,203
At first, she thinks that the
humpback whale is trying to attack her.
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00:14:11,533 --> 00:14:13,873
But as the marine
biologist recovers,
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00:14:13,900 --> 00:14:16,830
she notices something
more dangerous in the water.
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00:14:19,600 --> 00:14:21,130
When she gets close to the boat
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and all her colleagues
are telling her...
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00:14:25,800 --> 00:14:31,300
It kind of changes the context in what
that battering or that movement meant.
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00:14:32,967 --> 00:14:37,097
Has the whale just saved
Nan Hauser from a shark attack?
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00:14:39,133 --> 00:14:42,803
If so, could this be the
first instance ever recorded
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00:14:42,833 --> 00:14:46,133
of a humpback whale
protecting a human?
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00:14:55,567 --> 00:14:57,667
This remarkable footage shows
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00:14:57,700 --> 00:15:00,770
the heart-stopping moment
when a marine biologist
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00:15:00,800 --> 00:15:04,430
comes face to face
with a humpback whale.
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I guess the most outrageous day
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00:15:07,900 --> 00:15:12,530
I've ever had
and it was quite frightening.
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00:15:12,567 --> 00:15:14,067
I mean, he's huge and your...
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00:15:14,067 --> 00:15:17,327
your organs will rupture,
your bones will break,
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00:15:17,367 --> 00:15:18,567
but they see something.
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00:15:18,600 --> 00:15:21,070
And I looked and I went...
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00:15:21,100 --> 00:15:25,170
"That's the most... huge,
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00:15:25,200 --> 00:15:28,500
incredible tiger shark
I've ever seen."
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00:15:28,533 --> 00:15:33,073
And just at that moment, the whale
was protecting me from the shark.
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00:15:33,067 --> 00:15:35,967
You've been studying humpback
whales for three decades.
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00:15:36,067 --> 00:15:41,367
Have you ever heard stories of
humpbacks protecting humans like this?
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00:15:41,400 --> 00:15:45,830
I work with a lot of people that
study humpback whales underwater,
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00:15:45,867 --> 00:15:47,827
and this has never
happened before
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00:15:47,867 --> 00:15:50,797
or nor has it been
reported to us.
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00:15:50,833 --> 00:15:54,503
This humpback's
behavior is baffling scientists.
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00:15:54,533 --> 00:15:58,903
Is this whale really
trying to protect Nan Hauser?
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00:15:58,933 --> 00:16:01,703
Can other marine mammal
encounters help
244
00:16:01,733 --> 00:16:03,773
explain this rare event?
245
00:16:05,267 --> 00:16:08,827
Dolphins have been
known to surround swimmers
246
00:16:08,867 --> 00:16:13,097
or surfers who have gone astray
and protect them from sharks.
247
00:16:14,333 --> 00:16:16,573
And it seems
it's not only dolphins
248
00:16:16,600 --> 00:16:19,700
who have donned
their heroic capes.
249
00:16:19,733 --> 00:16:25,333
This incredible photo shows another whale
species coming to the aid of free diver,
250
00:16:25,367 --> 00:16:26,927
Yang Yun.
251
00:16:26,967 --> 00:16:28,627
Her legs become paralyzed
252
00:16:28,667 --> 00:16:30,597
and she cannot reach
the surface.
253
00:16:30,633 --> 00:16:33,173
Just then,
a beluga whale swims up
254
00:16:33,200 --> 00:16:37,300
and uses her mouth to gently
guide the free diver to the surface.
255
00:16:37,333 --> 00:16:39,273
In essence, saving her life.
256
00:16:41,633 --> 00:16:44,573
But, an incident
in Australia in 2020
257
00:16:44,600 --> 00:16:46,770
gives a very different
perspective
258
00:16:46,800 --> 00:16:51,900
into the behavior of the humpback
that Nan Hauser encountered.
259
00:16:51,933 --> 00:16:55,673
Two women appear to have
been attacked by a humpback.
260
00:16:57,667 --> 00:17:01,897
Both snorkelers were injured
by a whale's tail.
261
00:17:01,933 --> 00:17:05,073
Fracturing a rib
and causing internal bleeding.
262
00:17:06,200 --> 00:17:07,670
The humpback whale
263
00:17:07,700 --> 00:17:10,970
is much, much larger than these
small human beings in the water,
264
00:17:11,067 --> 00:17:13,867
and you could potentially
get injured.
265
00:17:13,900 --> 00:17:16,670
One snorkeler is left
in a serious condition
266
00:17:16,700 --> 00:17:19,900
after being hit
by a humpback's fin.
267
00:17:19,933 --> 00:17:22,373
The aggression is shocking.
268
00:17:22,400 --> 00:17:25,500
But, this case does offer
a critical clue to help
269
00:17:25,533 --> 00:17:29,073
understand
such threatening behavior.
270
00:17:29,100 --> 00:17:33,300
In terms of trying
to explain why these women
271
00:17:33,333 --> 00:17:35,303
might have been injured
by this whale,
272
00:17:35,333 --> 00:17:37,273
the whale was with a calf.
273
00:17:38,833 --> 00:17:39,933
In that case,
274
00:17:39,967 --> 00:17:42,397
it looks very much like
the mother humpback whale
275
00:17:42,433 --> 00:17:46,333
was protecting her young
from the snorkelers.
276
00:17:48,167 --> 00:17:49,897
This shows that humpbacks
277
00:17:49,933 --> 00:17:52,873
are at least capable
of protecting their own.
278
00:17:54,067 --> 00:17:55,727
So, is Nan Hauser,
279
00:17:55,767 --> 00:17:57,627
like the snorkelers
in Australia,
280
00:17:57,667 --> 00:18:00,197
a victim of a vicious attack?
281
00:18:01,700 --> 00:18:04,270
Was this the activity
of a mother whale
282
00:18:04,300 --> 00:18:06,600
trying to protect its calf?
283
00:18:06,633 --> 00:18:11,973
There was another whale that was
tail slapping and swishing the shark.
284
00:18:12,067 --> 00:18:14,827
And was this second whale
a calf?
285
00:18:14,867 --> 00:18:16,067
This was not the case.
286
00:18:16,067 --> 00:18:17,467
There was not a calf
anywhere around.
287
00:18:17,500 --> 00:18:20,200
There were two grown adults.
288
00:18:20,233 --> 00:18:23,433
Turns out that these
particular whales were not female.
289
00:18:23,467 --> 00:18:26,367
That kind of rules out
that idea.
290
00:18:26,400 --> 00:18:30,400
So, what other information
do we have that will help us
291
00:18:30,433 --> 00:18:32,703
better understand what happened?
292
00:18:34,367 --> 00:18:38,297
Humpbacks are
highly protective of their offspring.
293
00:18:38,333 --> 00:18:40,173
But is it possible their caring
294
00:18:40,200 --> 00:18:43,530
capabilities reach beyond
their calves?
295
00:18:44,600 --> 00:18:46,100
Over five decades,
296
00:18:46,133 --> 00:18:49,873
scientists in the US have
recorded more than 100 cases
297
00:18:49,900 --> 00:18:52,130
of humpbacks disrupting attacks
298
00:18:52,167 --> 00:18:57,167
carried out by their
number one enemy, orcas.
299
00:18:58,800 --> 00:19:01,430
Orcas are known
as killer whales,
300
00:19:01,467 --> 00:19:03,467
and there's a reason for that.
301
00:19:03,500 --> 00:19:05,630
They are the top
of their food chain,
302
00:19:05,667 --> 00:19:08,427
which includes humpback calves.
303
00:19:08,467 --> 00:19:11,697
It's natural for humpbacks
to go into protection mode
304
00:19:11,733 --> 00:19:14,303
when an orca gets close
to their young.
305
00:19:16,333 --> 00:19:22,333
But, scientists recording orca hunting
behavior make a bombshell discovery.
306
00:19:22,367 --> 00:19:25,167
This extraordinary
photograph shows humpbacks
307
00:19:25,200 --> 00:19:27,230
coming to the rescue
of a sea lion
308
00:19:27,267 --> 00:19:29,967
about to be attacked by orcas.
309
00:19:30,067 --> 00:19:33,067
It defies popular
and scientific belief.
310
00:19:34,300 --> 00:19:36,070
I'm kind of surprised about it,
311
00:19:36,100 --> 00:19:39,200
'cause you would think,
naturally,
312
00:19:39,233 --> 00:19:41,733
the whale must be protecting
its own interest.
313
00:19:41,767 --> 00:19:43,267
But in this case,
314
00:19:43,300 --> 00:19:49,100
the whale is may be protecting
individuals outside of their own species.
315
00:19:49,133 --> 00:19:51,533
To witness
one animal saving another
316
00:19:51,567 --> 00:19:54,527
from a different species
is incredibly rare.
317
00:19:55,567 --> 00:19:57,427
And this could be
the crucial evidence
318
00:19:57,467 --> 00:19:59,627
that supports Nan Hauser's claim
319
00:19:59,667 --> 00:20:01,767
that she was saved
by a humpback.
320
00:20:02,967 --> 00:20:06,227
It shows that humpback whales
could be compassionate,
321
00:20:06,267 --> 00:20:08,867
altruistic creatures.
322
00:20:08,900 --> 00:20:10,770
Altruism is when somebody
323
00:20:10,800 --> 00:20:14,170
does something selfless
for somebody else,
324
00:20:14,200 --> 00:20:16,200
not expecting anything
in return.
325
00:20:17,500 --> 00:20:19,600
So, now we see humpback whales
326
00:20:19,633 --> 00:20:23,933
putting themselves at risk to protect
creatures that are more vulnerable,
327
00:20:23,967 --> 00:20:25,367
just as a human might do.
328
00:20:27,000 --> 00:20:30,100
Nan Hauser's
unprecedented humpback incident
329
00:20:30,133 --> 00:20:33,403
has left scientists stumped,
330
00:20:33,433 --> 00:20:37,803
but, she will never forget that
remarkable day in Rarotonga.
331
00:20:39,633 --> 00:20:43,403
What was so amazing
about the encounter is that
332
00:20:44,867 --> 00:20:46,227
if someone had told me
this story,
333
00:20:46,267 --> 00:20:47,967
I never would have believed it.
334
00:20:48,000 --> 00:20:49,030
I'm serious.
335
00:20:49,067 --> 00:20:52,067
I had to sort of doubt myself,
336
00:20:52,100 --> 00:20:56,300
but this was something
that you could never expect,
337
00:20:56,333 --> 00:20:57,703
ever, ever expect.
338
00:20:57,733 --> 00:21:03,203
So, today, I still think about
it and I just start to get...
339
00:21:03,233 --> 00:21:05,633
tears in my eyes.
340
00:21:17,833 --> 00:21:19,803
Billions of dollars
worth of treasure
341
00:21:19,833 --> 00:21:25,133
from Biblical times to only
yesterday is buried deep in the ocean,
342
00:21:25,167 --> 00:21:27,297
but the vastness
of the seafloor means
343
00:21:27,333 --> 00:21:31,673
the chances of finding
any are slim to none.
344
00:21:31,700 --> 00:21:35,270
So a group of divers in
Israel can't believe their luck
345
00:21:35,300 --> 00:21:37,730
when they stumble across gold
that the sea
346
00:21:37,767 --> 00:21:40,297
has been hiding for centuries.
347
00:21:40,333 --> 00:21:42,933
Not only is it ancient
and priceless,
348
00:21:42,967 --> 00:21:46,367
it's also one of the biggest
treasure troves ever discovered
349
00:21:46,400 --> 00:21:48,630
in the Mediterranean Sea.
350
00:21:48,667 --> 00:21:51,067
How did it survive for so long?
351
00:21:54,067 --> 00:21:58,797
2015, diver Zvika Fayer,
352
00:21:58,833 --> 00:22:01,703
and his friends are swimming
among the sunken remains
353
00:22:01,733 --> 00:22:06,173
of an ancient harbor off the
coast of Caesarea in Israel,
354
00:22:06,200 --> 00:22:09,600
when they see something
glinting on the seabed.
355
00:22:09,633 --> 00:22:13,803
At first, they think
it's some sort of fake coin.
356
00:22:13,833 --> 00:22:18,233
You can imagine the first
thought is that it can't be real,
357
00:22:18,267 --> 00:22:22,767
it must be some sort of toy.
358
00:22:22,800 --> 00:22:25,630
But they couldn't be more wrong.
359
00:22:25,667 --> 00:22:28,067
As the divers
sweep the sand away
360
00:22:28,067 --> 00:22:30,697
and pick up the tiny pieces
of glinting metal,
361
00:22:30,733 --> 00:22:32,333
they are astonished to discover
362
00:22:32,367 --> 00:22:34,827
that this is no fake coin.
363
00:22:35,567 --> 00:22:37,697
This is real gold.
364
00:22:39,133 --> 00:22:41,473
What they discovered
was absolutely incredible.
365
00:22:42,600 --> 00:22:45,530
The divers don't just
find a single coin,
366
00:22:45,567 --> 00:22:47,767
there are more of them.
367
00:22:47,800 --> 00:22:51,670
They have a treasure trove
in the palm of their hands.
368
00:22:52,633 --> 00:22:55,703
They have literally struck gold.
369
00:22:55,733 --> 00:22:59,673
And they immediately alert
the Israel Antiquities Authority.
370
00:22:59,700 --> 00:23:03,470
The divers do absolutely
the right thing.
371
00:23:03,500 --> 00:23:04,770
It doesn't belong to them.
372
00:23:04,800 --> 00:23:05,770
They can't keep it.
373
00:23:07,100 --> 00:23:08,670
Armed with metal detectors,
374
00:23:08,700 --> 00:23:11,800
the divers lead
the archeologists to the site,
375
00:23:11,833 --> 00:23:13,703
a thousand feet from the shore.
376
00:23:15,433 --> 00:23:18,333
What they discover next
is mind-blowing.
377
00:23:20,667 --> 00:23:25,397
Around 2,650 gold coins
were discovered here.
378
00:23:25,433 --> 00:23:27,673
There was no silver.
There was no bronze.
379
00:23:27,700 --> 00:23:30,870
It's more than
16 pounds of gold.
380
00:23:32,133 --> 00:23:34,833
Making it the largest
sum of gold coins
381
00:23:34,867 --> 00:23:37,797
ever discovered
in Israeli coastal waters
382
00:23:37,833 --> 00:23:39,503
and perhaps
the greatest treasure
383
00:23:39,533 --> 00:23:42,733
ever discovered
in the Mediterranean.
384
00:23:42,767 --> 00:23:44,067
The mystery is,
385
00:23:44,100 --> 00:23:47,300
how did such
a large amount of gold coins
386
00:23:47,333 --> 00:23:50,303
end up in one spot
on the seafloor?
387
00:23:51,100 --> 00:23:52,470
Where are they from?
388
00:23:52,500 --> 00:23:53,770
What their purpose was?
389
00:23:53,800 --> 00:23:55,170
How much they're worth?
390
00:23:55,200 --> 00:23:57,400
Archeologists
pull out all the stops
391
00:23:57,433 --> 00:24:01,073
in their attempt to solve the
mystery of this massive treasure,
392
00:24:01,067 --> 00:24:03,497
and new clues are
about to bring to light
393
00:24:03,533 --> 00:24:07,503
a shocking revelation
about Caesarea's past.
394
00:24:17,133 --> 00:24:19,973
Forensic investigators
face a mammoth task
395
00:24:20,067 --> 00:24:26,667
identifying over 2,600 gold
coins found off the coast of Israel.
396
00:24:26,700 --> 00:24:29,900
Fortunately, the ocean has
immaculately preserved them,
397
00:24:29,933 --> 00:24:34,273
and they are as pristine as the
day they landed on the seafloor.
398
00:24:34,300 --> 00:24:40,200
But can details imprinted on the
coins give up the treasure's secrets?
399
00:24:40,233 --> 00:24:43,703
Clues to a coin's origin
can often be found in images,
400
00:24:43,733 --> 00:24:47,403
but there are no illustrations
on this currency.
401
00:24:47,433 --> 00:24:50,633
These are Arabic coins.
They have just Arabic writing.
402
00:24:50,667 --> 00:24:53,897
So, the representation
of human beings and rulers,
403
00:24:53,933 --> 00:24:55,073
you just don't have those,
404
00:24:55,100 --> 00:24:57,070
'cause that's part
of that religion.
405
00:24:58,533 --> 00:24:59,903
They do, however,
406
00:25:00,067 --> 00:25:04,797
feature names of Islamic
rulers and words from the Quran.
407
00:25:04,833 --> 00:25:07,533
Fortunately, we
can study the Arabic writing,
408
00:25:07,567 --> 00:25:10,867
and that can give us an
indication of the date of the coins.
409
00:25:12,667 --> 00:25:16,067
The text reveals
the coins are gold dinars,
410
00:25:16,067 --> 00:25:20,427
an Islamic currency used
in medieval times.
411
00:25:20,467 --> 00:25:27,097
And the dates on the coins span
a very specific period of 220 years.
412
00:25:27,133 --> 00:25:29,333
Scientists were able
to pinpoint these coins
413
00:25:29,367 --> 00:25:32,097
from the 9th
to the 11th century AD.
414
00:25:33,233 --> 00:25:36,073
Can events
in Caesarea in this period
415
00:25:36,067 --> 00:25:39,067
provide a clue to the origin
of these coins?
416
00:25:40,933 --> 00:25:47,073
One theory as to why these
coins maybe there is that in 1033,
417
00:25:47,067 --> 00:25:51,367
there was an earthquake
and a subsequent tsunami.
418
00:25:51,400 --> 00:25:56,570
The gold coins could have
been washed out to sea by a massive wave.
419
00:25:58,967 --> 00:26:01,327
A great tsunami
with such strength
420
00:26:01,367 --> 00:26:05,627
that it pulls the massive
stone blocks into the seafloor.
421
00:26:05,667 --> 00:26:07,397
If you dive on Caesarea today,
422
00:26:07,433 --> 00:26:12,073
you can still see the remains
strewn out all over the seafloor.
423
00:26:12,067 --> 00:26:17,197
And that tells us that actually
things could be moved around.
424
00:26:17,233 --> 00:26:18,303
So, potentially,
425
00:26:18,333 --> 00:26:21,073
this is what has happened
to the gold coins.
426
00:26:22,967 --> 00:26:26,897
But analysis of all the
coins casts doubt on this theory.
427
00:26:28,133 --> 00:26:31,833
Studying the dates
imprinted on the coins shows
428
00:26:31,867 --> 00:26:35,297
that at least 12 of them
were dated a year
429
00:26:35,333 --> 00:26:37,733
after the tsunami hit the coast.
430
00:26:37,767 --> 00:26:41,367
This disproves
the tsunami theory.
431
00:26:41,400 --> 00:26:45,970
So, the coins were not
swept into the sea by a tsunami.
432
00:26:46,067 --> 00:26:51,767
However, the dates give the
investigation team another vital clue.
433
00:26:51,800 --> 00:26:58,230
The coins all date to a period when the
area was ruled by the Fatimid dynasty,
434
00:26:58,267 --> 00:27:01,597
whose empire dominated
North Africa and the Middle East.
435
00:27:03,533 --> 00:27:07,303
This was an extremely wealthy
and opulent dynasty,
436
00:27:07,333 --> 00:27:10,873
hinting that these coins
could be incredibly valuable.
437
00:27:12,800 --> 00:27:14,400
Following this new lead,
438
00:27:14,433 --> 00:27:18,973
investigators set out to
examine the purity of the gold.
439
00:27:19,067 --> 00:27:21,497
One technique
of analyzing metal artifacts,
440
00:27:21,533 --> 00:27:24,103
we call X-ray fluorescence.
441
00:27:24,133 --> 00:27:26,503
The machine itself
basically looks like a gun,
442
00:27:26,533 --> 00:27:29,073
and it shoots back spectra
that tell you
443
00:27:29,100 --> 00:27:32,470
the elemental composition
of the metal artifact.
444
00:27:32,500 --> 00:27:38,900
X-ray fluorescence analysis
confirms that these gold coins are 24 karat.
445
00:27:38,933 --> 00:27:41,073
The purest gold possible.
446
00:27:42,333 --> 00:27:45,073
These coins
are basically priceless.
447
00:27:45,067 --> 00:27:47,167
We're not talking
about day-to-day money
448
00:27:47,200 --> 00:27:49,770
that someone would have
had in their pocket.
449
00:27:49,800 --> 00:27:52,700
As the investigators
pieced together the evidence,
450
00:27:52,733 --> 00:27:58,473
another unexpected mystery emerges
surrounding the historical port city,
451
00:27:58,500 --> 00:28:00,800
where the coins are found.
452
00:28:00,833 --> 00:28:03,173
Caesarea
was a very important port
453
00:28:03,200 --> 00:28:08,900
since its founding in the 1st
century BC by King Herod the Great.
454
00:28:08,933 --> 00:28:10,573
But, in the 7th century,
455
00:28:10,600 --> 00:28:14,570
Roman Caesarea falls
to Muslim invaders.
456
00:28:14,600 --> 00:28:16,230
Its importance declines,
457
00:28:16,267 --> 00:28:19,897
and it eventually disappears
from the history books.
458
00:28:19,933 --> 00:28:21,603
It's believed
that Caesarea fades
459
00:28:21,633 --> 00:28:25,333
from glory and becomes a
fishing village until the 19th century.
460
00:28:25,367 --> 00:28:28,427
But, the treasure
is so incredibly valuable,
461
00:28:28,467 --> 00:28:30,867
the history books must be
missing something.
462
00:28:32,067 --> 00:28:35,897
The 2,668 pure gold coins
463
00:28:35,933 --> 00:28:39,703
suggest that far from being
a remote rural backwater,
464
00:28:39,733 --> 00:28:44,873
Caesarea continues to be a major
busy port under the new Islamic rule.
465
00:28:46,733 --> 00:28:51,503
And now, investigators believe the
hoard was probably lost in an accident
466
00:28:51,533 --> 00:28:55,803
on one of the many ships
sailing in or out of the port.
467
00:28:57,233 --> 00:29:02,903
The Arabic text on the coins
reveals another exciting clue.
468
00:29:02,933 --> 00:29:06,873
The coins showed that they
weren't minted locally in Caesarea.
469
00:29:06,900 --> 00:29:12,830
So, chances are very likely that these
coins were being imported for some purpose.
470
00:29:12,867 --> 00:29:14,367
The question is,
471
00:29:14,400 --> 00:29:16,570
why were these coins
being brought there?
472
00:29:17,967 --> 00:29:20,297
It's likely the coins
were transported
473
00:29:20,333 --> 00:29:25,233
into Caesarea from the Fatimid
Empire's capital in Cairo, Egypt.
474
00:29:26,733 --> 00:29:28,233
As for the reason,
475
00:29:28,267 --> 00:29:30,067
the coins could have played
a part
476
00:29:30,100 --> 00:29:33,970
in one of the bloodiest
conflicts of medieval times.
477
00:29:44,300 --> 00:29:46,470
A devastating religious war
478
00:29:46,500 --> 00:29:50,070
that shakes Caesarea to
its foundations could tell us
479
00:29:50,100 --> 00:29:52,630
how a hoard
of priceless gold coins
480
00:29:52,667 --> 00:29:55,367
ended up on
the Mediterranean seafloor.
481
00:29:57,100 --> 00:30:00,270
The First Crusade
was launched by Pope Urban II
482
00:30:00,300 --> 00:30:03,200
as a military campaign
to recapture the Holy Land
483
00:30:03,233 --> 00:30:06,173
for Christendom
from Muslim forces.
484
00:30:06,200 --> 00:30:09,700
It was an incredibly bloody
and violent conflict.
485
00:30:09,733 --> 00:30:13,533
A strong military garrison was
based in Caesarea to protect it
486
00:30:13,567 --> 00:30:16,267
and the area around it.
487
00:30:16,300 --> 00:30:22,100
Another theory is that this treasure of
coins was meant to pay their salaries.
488
00:30:22,133 --> 00:30:25,503
But does the timing
of this violent uprising fit
489
00:30:25,533 --> 00:30:27,533
the dates written
on the treasure?
490
00:30:29,633 --> 00:30:33,773
The city of Caesarea was
destroyed in 1101 by the Crusaders,
491
00:30:34,600 --> 00:30:37,770
and this dates
quite interestingly
492
00:30:37,800 --> 00:30:44,070
towards the end of the time when
that gold collection was put together.
493
00:30:44,100 --> 00:30:45,600
With matching dates,
494
00:30:45,633 --> 00:30:49,303
experts can now link the coins
to this brutal massacre
495
00:30:49,333 --> 00:30:53,133
that kills most
of Caesarea's citizens.
496
00:30:53,167 --> 00:30:55,567
You could imagine that as the
Christians swept through the country,
497
00:30:55,600 --> 00:30:57,670
the people in the city
would have been terrified.
498
00:30:59,300 --> 00:31:01,630
Amidst utter panic and chaos,
499
00:31:01,667 --> 00:31:05,127
could someone have thrown
the hoard into the sea to protect it
500
00:31:05,167 --> 00:31:06,967
from the Christian Crusaders?
501
00:31:08,833 --> 00:31:12,103
The gold coins
could be a silent witness
502
00:31:12,133 --> 00:31:17,073
to one of Caesarea's most
dramatic and grisly events.
503
00:31:17,067 --> 00:31:18,827
We will never know for sure.
504
00:31:20,767 --> 00:31:24,167
The mystery of where this
priceless hoard came from
505
00:31:24,200 --> 00:31:27,870
and how it ended up on the
seabed may never be solved.
506
00:31:27,900 --> 00:31:30,370
But its discovery
is a dramatic reminder
507
00:31:30,400 --> 00:31:34,430
to archeologists of the
enduring promise of the sea
508
00:31:34,467 --> 00:31:37,867
as a hiding place
for clues to our past.
509
00:31:46,500 --> 00:31:51,100
Modern-day pirates steal
millions of tons of fish a year
510
00:31:51,133 --> 00:31:54,073
in a sophisticated
and lucrative enterprise
511
00:31:54,067 --> 00:31:58,597
worth an estimated $23 billion.
512
00:31:58,633 --> 00:32:02,233
One illegal fishing vessel
with ties to organized crime
513
00:32:02,267 --> 00:32:06,427
is believed to have been secretly
plundering our oceans for ten years,
514
00:32:06,467 --> 00:32:10,297
making it one of the most
wanted pirate ships in the world.
515
00:32:10,333 --> 00:32:12,973
It's a relentless game
of cat and mouse
516
00:32:13,067 --> 00:32:16,067
between ocean authorities
around the globe
517
00:32:16,100 --> 00:32:20,070
and this elusive outlaw
of the high seas.
518
00:32:26,567 --> 00:32:30,927
2018,
off the coast of Madagascar,
519
00:32:30,967 --> 00:32:34,897
a dramatic high speed chase
is taking place.
520
00:32:34,933 --> 00:32:37,833
A custom-built high-tech
pirate-hunter
521
00:32:37,867 --> 00:32:42,867
named the Ocean Warrior is
chasing a notorious illegal fishing boat,
522
00:32:42,900 --> 00:32:45,170
the STS-50.
523
00:32:45,200 --> 00:32:47,470
This chase has been
going on for days.
524
00:32:47,500 --> 00:32:49,970
It's like something you see
in a movie.
525
00:32:50,067 --> 00:32:53,897
But, after a near 1,000-mile
chase across the Indian Ocean,
526
00:32:53,933 --> 00:32:56,703
the Ocean Warrior
is running low on fuel.
527
00:32:57,967 --> 00:33:02,427
Captain makes an agonizing
decision to turn back
528
00:33:02,467 --> 00:33:05,427
and lets the modern-day
pirate ship go.
529
00:33:07,933 --> 00:33:10,603
This is not the first time
this dangerous,
530
00:33:10,633 --> 00:33:14,403
threatening fugitive has
escaped the clutches of the law.
531
00:33:15,733 --> 00:33:20,803
The STS-50 is one of the
world's most wanted ships.
532
00:33:20,833 --> 00:33:25,403
The STS-50 has slipped through
authority's fingers several times.
533
00:33:26,867 --> 00:33:29,927
Twelve nations and Interpol
are trying to catch this vessel.
534
00:33:31,567 --> 00:33:35,067
How has this elusive
ship managed to operate secretly
535
00:33:35,100 --> 00:33:38,830
for a decade
and repeatedly escape capture?
536
00:33:40,833 --> 00:33:43,473
Two years earlier, 2016,
537
00:33:44,933 --> 00:33:48,333
at this point, the ship that
later became the STS-50
538
00:33:48,367 --> 00:33:50,727
is sailing
under a different name,
539
00:33:50,767 --> 00:33:52,267
The Andrey Dolgov.
540
00:33:54,200 --> 00:33:56,770
The vessel docks
in a port in Africa.
541
00:33:58,633 --> 00:34:01,773
The Andrey Dolgov
has its hull filled with fish.
542
00:34:01,800 --> 00:34:05,500
It attempts
to offload in Namibia.
543
00:34:05,533 --> 00:34:09,673
It's carrying 125 tons
of Antarctic toothfish,
544
00:34:09,700 --> 00:34:13,270
worth $3.6 million.
545
00:34:13,300 --> 00:34:16,970
The toothfish is the
fish of choice for many pirates.
546
00:34:19,067 --> 00:34:20,827
They're big here
in North America.
547
00:34:20,867 --> 00:34:24,297
You go into any grocery store
and you can buy Chilean seabass,
548
00:34:24,333 --> 00:34:25,703
which is toothfish.
549
00:34:25,733 --> 00:34:28,103
And it's often referred to as
white gold
550
00:34:28,133 --> 00:34:30,503
because it's so valuable.
551
00:34:30,533 --> 00:34:32,433
But, how do the Andrey Dolgov
552
00:34:32,467 --> 00:34:34,967
and other pirate vessels
manage to loot
553
00:34:35,067 --> 00:34:38,397
such a staggering volume
of toothfish?
554
00:34:38,433 --> 00:34:42,203
They use a variety of modern
technologies to locate fish,
555
00:34:42,233 --> 00:34:44,073
such as sonar,
556
00:34:44,067 --> 00:34:47,067
and they have industrial
size machinery
557
00:34:47,100 --> 00:34:49,500
to operate illegal fishing nets.
558
00:34:50,933 --> 00:34:54,503
The Andrey Dolgov
is carrying 600 illegal nets,
559
00:34:54,533 --> 00:34:58,633
stretching out
a staggering 18 miles.
560
00:34:58,667 --> 00:35:02,727
These huge nets are known as
"Curtains of death."
561
00:35:02,767 --> 00:35:05,797
They destroy all the
life on the bottom of the sea,
562
00:35:05,833 --> 00:35:08,633
and they catch anything
that's in its way.
563
00:35:10,700 --> 00:35:11,770
In Namibia,
564
00:35:11,800 --> 00:35:14,230
with a jaw-dropping
amount of toothfish,
565
00:35:14,267 --> 00:35:18,927
The Andrey Dolgov is
attracting unwanted attention,
566
00:35:18,967 --> 00:35:23,097
and the ship is reported
to international authorities.
567
00:35:23,133 --> 00:35:26,703
But, it moves on and
continues to pillage the oceans.
568
00:35:29,167 --> 00:35:30,767
Then two months later,
569
00:35:30,800 --> 00:35:34,870
it's caught offloading
toothfish in China.
570
00:35:34,900 --> 00:35:38,900
Chinese authorities investigate
the vessel's documents.
571
00:35:38,933 --> 00:35:43,233
They discover that the Andrey
Dolgov's registration is forged.
572
00:35:47,400 --> 00:35:49,630
But before anyone
can take further action,
573
00:35:49,667 --> 00:35:51,067
the ship is gone.
574
00:35:52,233 --> 00:35:55,073
Evading capture once again.
575
00:35:55,100 --> 00:35:59,800
Several countries are now
trying to hunt down the Andrey Dolgov,
576
00:35:59,833 --> 00:36:03,233
desperate to crack its
mysterious ways of operating.
577
00:36:04,367 --> 00:36:05,767
New methods are constantly
578
00:36:05,800 --> 00:36:09,830
being developed to try to
tackle the issue of illegal fishing.
579
00:36:09,867 --> 00:36:12,797
Satellite technology grows
every day.
580
00:36:12,833 --> 00:36:15,733
Commercial vessels
over 65 feet long
581
00:36:15,767 --> 00:36:20,067
are legally required to carry
AIS tracking transponders,
582
00:36:20,067 --> 00:36:23,497
which beam location data
to satellites.
583
00:36:23,533 --> 00:36:25,833
Basically,
that sends out a signal,
584
00:36:25,867 --> 00:36:30,097
gives your vessel's name,
so you can be tracked.
585
00:36:31,167 --> 00:36:32,897
Even with all the technology,
586
00:36:32,933 --> 00:36:37,803
it's still incredibly hard to find single
ships in the middle of the ocean.
587
00:36:39,433 --> 00:36:41,133
Tracking the Andrey Dolgov
588
00:36:41,167 --> 00:36:43,067
becomes even
more difficult when,
589
00:36:43,100 --> 00:36:47,570
in 2018, it changes its nameto STS-50.
590
00:36:49,567 --> 00:36:53,467
One of its first stopsas STS-50 is Mozambique.
591
00:36:55,067 --> 00:36:58,397
A vigilant port inspector
immediately recognizes it
592
00:36:58,433 --> 00:37:01,503
as one of the world's
most wanted ships.
593
00:37:01,533 --> 00:37:06,303
Is the net finally closing in
on this notorious pirate vessel?
594
00:37:15,067 --> 00:37:20,527
Illegal pirate ship STS-50 has
been operating secretly for years,
595
00:37:20,567 --> 00:37:23,227
but will a massive
international effort
596
00:37:23,267 --> 00:37:25,827
bring its reign of terror
to an end?
597
00:37:29,267 --> 00:37:34,097
The STS-50 is detained
by authorities in Mozambique.
598
00:37:34,133 --> 00:37:37,133
Will its secrets
at last be revealed?
599
00:37:39,067 --> 00:37:40,827
They seize the crew's passports
600
00:37:40,867 --> 00:37:43,367
and took the first mate
ashore for questioning.
601
00:37:43,400 --> 00:37:47,770
He claims that the ship
has an oil leak
602
00:37:47,800 --> 00:37:50,800
and so, they are allowed
to anchor further out.
603
00:37:50,833 --> 00:37:53,173
The requirements
are they have to radio in
604
00:37:53,200 --> 00:37:57,730
every two hours and they have to
keep their tracking systems active.
605
00:37:57,767 --> 00:37:59,827
But the calls stop coming.
606
00:38:01,267 --> 00:38:03,597
The ship turns off
its transponder
607
00:38:03,633 --> 00:38:06,633
and leaves Mozambique
without a trace.
608
00:38:07,867 --> 00:38:08,897
And can you believe it,
609
00:38:08,933 --> 00:38:11,133
this vessel has managed
to escape again.
610
00:38:12,867 --> 00:38:14,467
It's a shocking move.
611
00:38:16,067 --> 00:38:18,097
Navigating without GPS,
612
00:38:18,133 --> 00:38:21,273
it becomes what's known as
a dark vessel,
613
00:38:21,300 --> 00:38:24,400
a common pirate ship MO.
614
00:38:24,433 --> 00:38:27,373
Authorities
now need to up their game
615
00:38:27,400 --> 00:38:31,170
if they're going to catchthe STS-50.
616
00:38:31,200 --> 00:38:33,600
After it escapes
from Mozambique,
617
00:38:33,633 --> 00:38:37,433
a passing satellite spots
this elusive outlaw.
618
00:38:37,467 --> 00:38:42,127
Interpol summons specialist
patrol vessels to finally take it down.
619
00:38:42,167 --> 00:38:44,097
One is the Ocean Warrior.
620
00:38:44,133 --> 00:38:46,073
It manages to capture
drone footage.
621
00:38:47,733 --> 00:38:49,433
The Ocean Warrior circulates
622
00:38:49,467 --> 00:38:51,727
the footage
to nearby authorities,
623
00:38:51,767 --> 00:38:55,597
and the STS-50
is back on their radar.
624
00:38:55,633 --> 00:38:57,333
Its days are numbered.
625
00:38:59,233 --> 00:39:03,133
Indonesian authorities finally catch
up with it and capture the vessel.
626
00:39:05,067 --> 00:39:10,627
The ship is seized along with
20 of its Russian and Indonesian crew,
627
00:39:10,667 --> 00:39:13,467
and its secrets
are about to be exposed.
628
00:39:15,967 --> 00:39:17,967
A specialized forensics team
629
00:39:18,067 --> 00:39:21,897
pours over a wealth of
intelligence found on the ship,
630
00:39:21,933 --> 00:39:25,773
and the evidence they unravel
is dark and disturbing.
631
00:39:27,433 --> 00:39:29,973
They found links
to organized crime in Europe.
632
00:39:30,067 --> 00:39:32,597
They found corrupt officials.
633
00:39:32,633 --> 00:39:34,873
We're not talking
about local fishermen here,
634
00:39:34,900 --> 00:39:39,200
we're talking about a very
powerful mafia-like criminal network.
635
00:39:39,233 --> 00:39:40,933
The vast majority of the crew
636
00:39:40,967 --> 00:39:43,397
were undocumented
Indonesian fishermen,
637
00:39:43,433 --> 00:39:46,433
who had been forced to work
without pay for years.
638
00:39:47,467 --> 00:39:49,467
During a decade of piracy,
639
00:39:49,500 --> 00:39:55,500
the STS-50 looted an estimated$50 million worth of fish.
640
00:39:55,533 --> 00:39:57,303
How has it managed to get away
641
00:39:57,333 --> 00:40:00,103
with such heinous crimes
for so long?
642
00:40:01,267 --> 00:40:04,527
Well, the STS-50
is a master of disguise.
643
00:40:05,800 --> 00:40:08,330
Investigators
discover this pirate ship
644
00:40:08,367 --> 00:40:12,367
has changed its name
a total of six times
645
00:40:12,400 --> 00:40:16,370
and flown
the flag of eight nations.
646
00:40:16,400 --> 00:40:20,770
Illegal fishing vessels all over the
world operate in complete secrecy,
647
00:40:20,800 --> 00:40:22,930
generating billions of dollars.
648
00:40:23,633 --> 00:40:25,433
For the authorities,
649
00:40:25,467 --> 00:40:28,197
it's nearly impossible
to keep track of them,
650
00:40:28,233 --> 00:40:33,803
but an iconic seabird could help
to bring an end to this dark industry.
651
00:40:33,833 --> 00:40:35,633
The albatross,
652
00:40:35,667 --> 00:40:40,127
these oceanic birds spend
over 90% of their lives at sea.
653
00:40:42,433 --> 00:40:45,773
Albatrosses tend to
gather around fishing vessels.
654
00:40:45,800 --> 00:40:48,530
And in 2019,
a team of scientists
655
00:40:48,567 --> 00:40:52,397
sets out to research
their flocking patterns.
656
00:40:52,433 --> 00:40:59,033
They tag 170 birds with a specially
designed GPS that logs their coordinates.
657
00:40:59,067 --> 00:41:00,627
Officials then cross-check
658
00:41:00,667 --> 00:41:03,667
this with a boat's
radar position,
659
00:41:03,700 --> 00:41:06,200
but the data reveals
something unexpected.
660
00:41:07,400 --> 00:41:09,200
Twenty-eight percent
of the vessels
661
00:41:09,233 --> 00:41:13,173
the albatrosses flock around
have their AIS switched off
662
00:41:13,200 --> 00:41:16,900
and are likely engaged
in illegal activity.
663
00:41:16,933 --> 00:41:19,973
The albatross researchers
get an idea.
664
00:41:20,067 --> 00:41:23,127
Scientists
have identified albatross
665
00:41:23,167 --> 00:41:27,827
as potentially being useful in
tracking down illegal fishing.
666
00:41:29,100 --> 00:41:31,070
These giant seabirds implanted
667
00:41:31,067 --> 00:41:32,897
with radar tracking technology,
668
00:41:32,933 --> 00:41:34,803
when they dive
into the shallow seas
669
00:41:34,833 --> 00:41:38,333
to get the fish that are being hauled
behind these illegal pirate ships.
670
00:41:38,367 --> 00:41:40,927
The radars can show us
where they are
671
00:41:40,967 --> 00:41:42,967
and when it happened.
672
00:41:43,067 --> 00:41:45,927
This new technology
allows us to use albatrosses
673
00:41:45,967 --> 00:41:50,067
as a flying spy in our attempts
to stop illegal fishermen.
674
00:41:53,800 --> 00:41:56,530
For years,
these majestic seabirds
675
00:41:56,567 --> 00:42:00,067
have been the victims
of pirate fishing nets,
676
00:42:00,067 --> 00:42:02,827
but now it's payback time,
677
00:42:02,867 --> 00:42:06,297
as they take us one step
closer to bringing this secretive
678
00:42:06,333 --> 00:42:09,503
and destructive industry
to an end.
56892
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