All language subtitles for Madiba 1x01 - Part 1_ Troublemaker and Defiance (English)

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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:01:25,014 --> 00:01:30,014 Sync and corrections by explosiveskull www.addic7ed.com 2 00:01:30,240 --> 00:01:32,074 "Hail to Mandela!" 3 00:01:53,559 --> 00:01:55,948 Mr. Mandela, what about the housing in the townships? 4 00:01:55,983 --> 00:01:58,290 How do we know you can maintain law and order, Mr. Mandela? 5 00:01:58,387 --> 00:02:01,049 Did you ever think you'd live to see this day, Mr. Mandela? 6 00:02:07,952 --> 00:02:10,583 I would like a few moments to myself, please. 7 00:02:10,618 --> 00:02:12,074 Certainly, Mr. Mandela. 8 00:02:12,712 --> 00:02:14,882 Please. Thank you. Thank you. 9 00:02:45,426 --> 00:02:48,663 "Hail, Mr. Mandela" 10 00:02:49,194 --> 00:02:52,490 I have been called many things in my life. 11 00:02:52,570 --> 00:02:56,848 But, perhaps, they got it most right the first time... 12 00:02:56,928 --> 00:02:58,555 "Rolihlahla." 13 00:02:59,334 --> 00:03:02,414 That was the name my parents gave to me 14 00:03:02,488 --> 00:03:05,896 when I was born back in Qunu. 15 00:03:05,930 --> 00:03:06,966 _ 16 00:03:07,001 --> 00:03:09,237 It means "troublemaker." 17 00:03:29,249 --> 00:03:31,051 Rolihlahla! 18 00:04:02,010 --> 00:04:06,601 Sir, I give you this child. 19 00:04:07,167 --> 00:04:09,368 He is progressing well. 20 00:04:09,673 --> 00:04:12,785 I am entrusting him to you... 21 00:04:12,855 --> 00:04:16,627 so that you will educate him, 22 00:04:16,870 --> 00:04:23,077 so that you'll give him a life that we cannot. 23 00:04:59,334 --> 00:05:01,387 My father's dying wish 24 00:05:01,439 --> 00:05:03,942 changed the course of my life. 25 00:05:04,227 --> 00:05:07,965 He wanted me to live an educated life, 26 00:05:08,039 --> 00:05:11,577 to make a difference for our people. 27 00:05:11,623 --> 00:05:15,794 I promised myself I would honor his wish, 28 00:05:16,025 --> 00:05:21,597 and I knew that meant my life would now have a new beginning. 29 00:06:41,910 --> 00:06:44,578 Welcome, Rolihlahla. 30 00:06:44,796 --> 00:06:46,130 This will be your family. 31 00:06:46,231 --> 00:06:48,256 I missed my own family. 32 00:06:48,291 --> 00:06:49,692 I missed home. 33 00:06:49,787 --> 00:06:53,327 But now I had a new brother named Justice. 34 00:06:59,277 --> 00:07:01,386 One of our favorite pastimes 35 00:07:01,449 --> 00:07:02,786 was stick fighting... 36 00:07:02,821 --> 00:07:04,472 one stick on the left hand, 37 00:07:04,507 --> 00:07:06,740 to parry the blows from the other. 38 00:07:06,785 --> 00:07:08,321 And then, in the right hand, 39 00:07:08,356 --> 00:07:09,785 a stick to hit with. 40 00:07:12,562 --> 00:07:15,831 I never lost the lessons learned with those two sticks, 41 00:07:15,993 --> 00:07:18,330 even when I later took up boxing. 42 00:07:18,429 --> 00:07:22,167 To defeat an opponent was instilled in me early. 43 00:07:22,267 --> 00:07:24,770 It was something that stuck with me. 44 00:07:24,870 --> 00:07:27,987 However, I did lose my Xhosa name. 45 00:07:31,992 --> 00:07:34,434 And what is your name? 46 00:07:34,469 --> 00:07:36,079 Rolihlahla. 47 00:07:36,114 --> 00:07:38,564 No, I don't want that one. 48 00:07:38,599 --> 00:07:41,107 You must have a Christian name. 49 00:07:41,142 --> 00:07:44,463 From now on, you will be known as "Nelson." 50 00:07:54,805 --> 00:07:58,694 _ 51 00:07:59,348 --> 00:08:00,430 Where I grew up, 52 00:08:00,488 --> 00:08:04,307 at King's Court, there were elders all around... 53 00:08:04,371 --> 00:08:06,962 thinking, competing, leading. 54 00:08:08,421 --> 00:08:11,908 From them I learned about the history of my people, 55 00:08:11,943 --> 00:08:14,776 and the battles they fought in the olden times, 56 00:08:14,830 --> 00:08:18,413 a series of wars over 100 years, 57 00:08:18,448 --> 00:08:20,491 our people, fighting with spears, 58 00:08:20,526 --> 00:08:22,895 against the gunpowder of the White man. 59 00:08:22,930 --> 00:08:25,504 I was impressed and inspired, 60 00:08:25,551 --> 00:08:29,253 hearing about the bravery of our traditional leaders. 61 00:08:35,179 --> 00:08:39,449 The way the Xhosa people transition from boy to man 62 00:08:39,575 --> 00:08:43,312 is a vital rite of passage in my culture. 63 00:08:43,431 --> 00:08:45,469 How you handle the operation 64 00:08:45,527 --> 00:08:49,506 is a matter of grave importance and pride. 65 00:08:54,534 --> 00:08:56,203 I'm a man! 66 00:09:00,992 --> 00:09:02,424 I'm a man! 67 00:09:06,800 --> 00:09:08,148 I'm a man. 68 00:09:11,164 --> 00:09:13,782 I'm a man! 69 00:09:15,252 --> 00:09:17,648 It still holds some shame for me 70 00:09:17,749 --> 00:09:20,890 that I was not as strong as the other boys. 71 00:09:21,017 --> 00:09:25,056 It stuck in my mind that I wanted to do better... 72 00:09:25,402 --> 00:09:27,417 to prove myself worthy. 73 00:09:27,495 --> 00:09:30,462 You have buried your childhood. 74 00:09:30,562 --> 00:09:34,366 You have entered now the phase of a man. 75 00:09:34,569 --> 00:09:38,437 There are those who are going to go back to school. 76 00:09:38,536 --> 00:09:41,872 But they will be nobody in this country 77 00:09:41,972 --> 00:09:45,642 because of the policy of the White man. 78 00:09:45,744 --> 00:09:49,019 There will be soldiers who never will be able 79 00:09:49,054 --> 00:09:52,757 to fight for the freedom of their people because... 80 00:09:52,983 --> 00:09:56,349 they will have no guns. 81 00:09:56,384 --> 00:09:58,287 Nevertheless, 82 00:09:58,510 --> 00:10:02,580 we expect that now that you are men, 83 00:10:02,903 --> 00:10:06,779 you will fight for the liberation of your people. 84 00:10:14,501 --> 00:10:18,072 These are good young men, both of them. 85 00:10:18,125 --> 00:10:20,059 And these are good young women. 86 00:10:21,355 --> 00:10:25,933 Both Justice and Nelson are university educated. 87 00:10:25,968 --> 00:10:27,337 And, when the time comes, 88 00:10:27,436 --> 00:10:29,763 they'll be in charge of the village. 89 00:10:29,798 --> 00:10:32,421 Then they'll both need wonderful wives 90 00:10:32,456 --> 00:10:34,479 who'll cook and take care of them. 91 00:10:34,514 --> 00:10:36,746 You can look at each other. 92 00:10:36,910 --> 00:10:39,715 Of course. My daughters don't bite, you know? 93 00:10:39,750 --> 00:10:41,972 So, if there's nothing more to discuss, 94 00:10:42,007 --> 00:10:43,447 let's shake hands and wish them 95 00:10:43,482 --> 00:10:47,489 long, happy, healthy lives. 96 00:10:47,589 --> 00:10:50,026 I suppose that's it, then. 97 00:10:50,061 --> 00:10:51,863 Speak for yourself. 98 00:10:55,977 --> 00:10:57,865 Selling father's cow is a bad idea. 99 00:10:57,900 --> 00:10:59,088 He is going to be so mad. 100 00:10:59,146 --> 00:11:01,403 I promise I'll pay him back one day. 101 00:11:01,489 --> 00:11:02,605 But if we don't leave now, 102 00:11:02,671 --> 00:11:05,307 we'll be stuck in a future someone else chooses for us. 103 00:11:06,074 --> 00:11:07,457 Nelson, we can't do this. 104 00:11:07,492 --> 00:11:09,160 Fine. Go back. 105 00:11:10,522 --> 00:11:12,536 Say hello to your wife for me. 106 00:11:13,817 --> 00:11:15,382 Nelson! 107 00:11:21,815 --> 00:11:23,223 - Johannesburg? - Yes. 108 00:11:23,273 --> 00:11:24,765 And what are you going to do there? 109 00:11:24,800 --> 00:11:27,737 Oh, you know... steal some cows and cause mayhem. 110 00:11:28,771 --> 00:11:30,268 Have you had your passes stamped? 111 00:11:30,384 --> 00:11:32,219 No... 112 00:11:32,433 --> 00:11:34,968 Can we have our tickets, please? 113 00:11:35,003 --> 00:11:36,037 Why not? 114 00:11:36,113 --> 00:11:37,482 I've been asked to look out for two boys 115 00:11:37,560 --> 00:11:40,073 who are trying to leave, and if they come here, 116 00:11:40,108 --> 00:11:41,728 I should not sell them a ticket. 117 00:11:41,828 --> 00:11:45,145 In fact, I should inform the Chief immediately. 118 00:11:45,180 --> 00:11:46,590 We're not boys. 119 00:11:52,254 --> 00:11:53,522 Well, we tried. 120 00:11:53,544 --> 00:11:55,679 Maybe we should go buy father's cow back. 121 00:12:31,633 --> 00:12:33,645 _ 122 00:12:45,831 --> 00:12:47,672 We're here. This is Jo', mate. 123 00:12:47,707 --> 00:12:49,323 It's big, huh, and noisy. 124 00:12:52,097 --> 00:12:53,966 Hey, I'm famished. 125 00:12:55,245 --> 00:12:57,240 - Hey, stop eating my stuff! - Hey. 126 00:13:00,718 --> 00:13:02,690 Did you know those kids? 127 00:13:02,725 --> 00:13:04,625 This your first day in the city? 128 00:13:04,786 --> 00:13:06,961 Yeah. 129 00:13:07,061 --> 00:13:09,025 Don't forget who you are. 130 00:13:09,060 --> 00:13:11,267 Here it's tougher. 131 00:13:11,510 --> 00:13:13,677 Do you know where we can find work and a place to stay? 132 00:13:13,712 --> 00:13:16,426 The gold mines are the only place for you around here. 133 00:13:18,252 --> 00:13:19,817 That's where they're going. 134 00:13:20,900 --> 00:13:22,535 - I see. - Thank you. 135 00:13:27,504 --> 00:13:28,859 Work team six, 136 00:13:28,894 --> 00:13:30,696 - _ - report to the elevators. 137 00:13:30,951 --> 00:13:34,241 Work team six, report to the elevators. 138 00:13:38,455 --> 00:13:40,033 On your feet! 139 00:13:40,068 --> 00:13:41,599 Sorry, boss, one minute, please. 140 00:13:41,688 --> 00:13:42,717 I said, on your feet! 141 00:13:42,752 --> 00:13:43,560 One minute, boss. 142 00:13:43,595 --> 00:13:45,214 I didn't say you could take a break. 143 00:13:45,249 --> 00:13:46,847 Sorry, sorry, boss, sorry. 144 00:13:46,920 --> 00:13:50,170 Who said you could take a break, lazy scum! 145 00:14:16,197 --> 00:14:18,015 Justice, you won't believe what happened today 146 00:14:18,067 --> 00:14:20,482 to this poor man who was taking a minute to clear his throat. 147 00:14:20,517 --> 00:14:22,042 He was beaten and there was nothing I could do about it. 148 00:14:22,077 --> 00:14:25,237 Nelson, father has died. 149 00:14:40,475 --> 00:14:41,875 They need me at home now. 150 00:14:41,910 --> 00:14:43,421 What about Johannesburg? 151 00:14:43,456 --> 00:14:44,926 It hasn't been a year yet. 152 00:14:45,027 --> 00:14:47,229 You never got the chance to start a life yet. 153 00:14:47,329 --> 00:14:50,699 You know father never wanted us to go. 154 00:14:50,864 --> 00:14:53,334 I owe him so much. 155 00:14:53,435 --> 00:14:54,515 Maybe I should stay there, too. 156 00:14:54,550 --> 00:14:58,205 No, he wanted you to study law. 157 00:14:58,306 --> 00:15:00,242 There are no Black lawyers here. 158 00:15:00,407 --> 00:15:02,323 You can make lots of money, 159 00:15:02,358 --> 00:15:04,675 marry a beautiful wife, children. 160 00:15:05,738 --> 00:15:09,207 This place suits you more than me. 161 00:15:09,417 --> 00:15:11,604 It sounds like you're trying to get rid of me, my brother. 162 00:15:11,639 --> 00:15:14,741 Not at all. 163 00:15:14,949 --> 00:15:17,352 If I could hold on to you, 164 00:15:17,437 --> 00:15:18,972 I would. 165 00:15:19,713 --> 00:15:22,498 I don't know how to explain it yet, 166 00:15:22,717 --> 00:15:26,255 but I feel like there's something here for me. 167 00:15:26,534 --> 00:15:28,403 I hope you find what you're looking for. 168 00:15:39,824 --> 00:15:41,471 The injustices I saw 169 00:15:41,506 --> 00:15:46,252 at the mines were a reminder of my father's wishes for me. 170 00:15:46,287 --> 00:15:49,375 I went to university and got my law degree, 171 00:15:49,476 --> 00:15:53,404 and now it was time to find its purpose. 172 00:15:53,439 --> 00:15:55,007 Evening, Nelson. 173 00:16:01,042 --> 00:16:03,152 And they opposed these recommendations 174 00:16:03,187 --> 00:16:05,608 for fair treatment without negotiation, 175 00:16:05,737 --> 00:16:07,158 without a discussion, 176 00:16:07,193 --> 00:16:09,628 and we are just expected to say, "Yes, boss!"? 177 00:16:09,728 --> 00:16:11,343 No! 178 00:16:11,419 --> 00:16:13,768 The miners' strike didn't begin today. 179 00:16:13,803 --> 00:16:16,281 Over 30 years ago, 200,000 miners... 180 00:16:16,339 --> 00:16:18,795 Nelson Mandela. 181 00:16:18,830 --> 00:16:20,519 I've seen you at these meetings for months 182 00:16:20,554 --> 00:16:23,142 and I couldn't place why I knew your face. 183 00:16:23,177 --> 00:16:25,412 And just now I got it. 184 00:16:25,577 --> 00:16:29,764 Oliver Tambo, Fort Hare University. 185 00:16:29,823 --> 00:16:31,207 They kicked you out, right? 186 00:16:31,311 --> 00:16:33,985 It was my decision... a matter of principle. 187 00:16:34,020 --> 00:16:35,007 You know that place. 188 00:16:35,042 --> 00:16:38,082 Well, they kicked me out, too, for organizing a boycott 189 00:16:38,182 --> 00:16:39,617 the day after you left. 190 00:16:39,652 --> 00:16:41,150 Yeah, yeah, you look familiar. 191 00:16:43,164 --> 00:16:44,665 No, I don't. 192 00:16:44,953 --> 00:16:47,722 It's okay. I have a pretty forgettable face. 193 00:16:47,921 --> 00:16:50,123 It's why I got these glasses. 194 00:16:50,236 --> 00:16:52,648 I really think they give me an identity, don't you? 195 00:16:52,709 --> 00:16:54,485 So many of us have come together, 196 00:16:54,520 --> 00:16:55,640 from our villages. 197 00:16:57,663 --> 00:16:59,649 We must organize the workers, 198 00:16:59,728 --> 00:17:01,562 draw up new programs of action. 199 00:17:01,597 --> 00:17:03,857 Strikes! Defiance! 200 00:17:09,204 --> 00:17:12,272 Do you want to meet my friend Walter Sisulu? 201 00:17:12,437 --> 00:17:15,494 He is starting up a new youth wing of the ANC. 202 00:17:27,167 --> 00:17:28,906 I am amazed. 203 00:17:28,941 --> 00:17:30,654 We are in the majority in this country, 204 00:17:30,735 --> 00:17:34,071 and we still have to hide to enjoy each other's company. 205 00:17:34,215 --> 00:17:35,787 What is your education, Nelson? 206 00:17:35,830 --> 00:17:37,505 I was at Fort Hare, like Oliver, 207 00:17:37,540 --> 00:17:38,638 studying to be a lawyer. 208 00:17:38,673 --> 00:17:41,535 We have had to postpone our law studies. 209 00:17:41,640 --> 00:17:43,855 Briefly, that is. 210 00:17:43,937 --> 00:17:46,783 It sounds mysterious. Do elaborate. 211 00:17:46,992 --> 00:17:50,226 I was one of six students at the University of Fort Hare 212 00:17:50,261 --> 00:17:52,077 who was running for leader in an election 213 00:17:52,119 --> 00:17:53,987 that was, uh... 214 00:17:54,167 --> 00:17:56,336 being improperly conducted. 215 00:17:57,703 --> 00:18:00,440 It was put to me that I should go along 216 00:18:00,475 --> 00:18:02,703 with the corrupt process or leave. 217 00:18:02,738 --> 00:18:05,708 A bit of a troublemaker. 218 00:18:05,973 --> 00:18:09,444 So, Nelson, what do you say? 219 00:18:09,615 --> 00:18:12,328 The African National Congress needs educated people, 220 00:18:12,398 --> 00:18:14,300 especially lawyers. 221 00:18:18,159 --> 00:18:19,923 Where do I sign up? 222 00:18:22,695 --> 00:18:24,590 - Cheers! - Yes. 223 00:18:25,833 --> 00:18:29,310 I had found a new home in the ANC, 224 00:18:29,345 --> 00:18:32,887 and right away, I had my first taste of action. 225 00:18:32,922 --> 00:18:34,134 _ 226 00:18:48,088 --> 00:18:50,154 I push through like that, 227 00:18:50,189 --> 00:18:51,823 and when my opponent is open, I go... 228 00:18:51,858 --> 00:18:53,793 Eeee! 229 00:18:53,892 --> 00:18:56,359 I'll take a better one. I see he's revved up for that. 230 00:18:56,394 --> 00:18:58,364 I told you he was a fighter. 231 00:18:58,465 --> 00:19:01,334 So, just because I wasn't born in the ghetto like you 232 00:19:01,396 --> 00:19:03,934 I have no right to comment on the impoverished man or woman. 233 00:19:03,969 --> 00:19:05,926 Yeah, maybe that's what I'm saying. 234 00:19:07,240 --> 00:19:09,949 Well, then, you're a bloody bourgeois and an elitist, too, Joe. 235 00:19:10,013 --> 00:19:12,504 It takes one to know one. 236 00:19:12,539 --> 00:19:16,013 What? You've never seen two Communists fight before? It can get ugly. 237 00:19:16,095 --> 00:19:17,485 Yes, I can see that. 238 00:19:17,555 --> 00:19:19,269 Nelson, you know Ruth First. 239 00:19:19,304 --> 00:19:20,285 From the university. 240 00:19:20,385 --> 00:19:22,583 One of the sharpest minds I've ever met. 241 00:19:22,618 --> 00:19:24,457 Flatterer. 242 00:19:24,557 --> 00:19:27,149 Be careful, Joe's got his sights set on this one. 243 00:19:27,184 --> 00:19:28,963 You know, you don't want to mess with him. 244 00:19:29,041 --> 00:19:32,328 He lied about his age so he could fight the Nazis in World War II. 245 00:19:32,363 --> 00:19:34,885 Yeah, I couldn't wait to get my hands on them. 246 00:19:38,370 --> 00:19:40,138 - Hey, Kathi. - Hey, Nelson. 247 00:19:40,173 --> 00:19:42,849 - Have you seen Walter? - Walt... 248 00:19:42,884 --> 00:19:44,734 Yeah, there he is. 249 00:19:44,769 --> 00:19:48,113 It looks like he's engaged in a fair fight for a change. 250 00:19:48,356 --> 00:19:51,214 The only credible response to the struggle of Black nationalism... 251 00:19:51,266 --> 00:19:53,134 That is the only way that we can fight it. 252 00:19:53,169 --> 00:19:55,700 Communism does not translate into the ethical problems. 253 00:19:55,735 --> 00:19:58,026 If we want Black nationalism, 254 00:19:58,061 --> 00:20:00,438 then we first understand Afrikaner nationalism. 255 00:20:00,473 --> 00:20:01,669 My people aren't monsters. 256 00:20:01,704 --> 00:20:03,749 They've just suffered and they feel vulnerable. 257 00:20:03,784 --> 00:20:04,836 We're in the minority here. 258 00:20:04,871 --> 00:20:06,592 If your people have suffered so much, 259 00:20:06,627 --> 00:20:08,277 why are you not on their side? 260 00:20:08,312 --> 00:20:10,747 Because my people are wrong. 261 00:20:10,905 --> 00:20:12,497 I don't agree with the prime minister on that. 262 00:20:12,545 --> 00:20:15,415 Not a lot of people challenge him and live to tell about it. 263 00:20:18,619 --> 00:20:20,488 Uh, Evelyn? 264 00:20:21,849 --> 00:20:24,385 Uh, Nelson, this is Evelyn, my cousin. 265 00:20:24,470 --> 00:20:26,739 Evelyn, this is Nelson. 266 00:20:26,939 --> 00:20:29,925 He's going to help us change the world. 267 00:20:32,055 --> 00:20:33,490 Hello, Nelson. 268 00:20:34,504 --> 00:20:35,906 Hello, Evelyn. 269 00:20:38,045 --> 00:20:40,180 Would you care to dance? 270 00:20:40,312 --> 00:20:41,373 Sure. 271 00:21:08,926 --> 00:21:10,528 Have fun, Nelson. 272 00:21:25,008 --> 00:21:26,310 What's that? 273 00:21:26,434 --> 00:21:29,109 I bought it to commemorate this moment. 274 00:21:29,144 --> 00:21:30,345 You don't like it? 275 00:21:30,380 --> 00:21:31,661 I love it. I just... 276 00:21:31,739 --> 00:21:33,390 I didn't realize you were such a romantic. 277 00:21:33,425 --> 00:21:35,810 Mm-hm. You didn't, huh? 278 00:21:35,915 --> 00:21:36,944 Come here! 279 00:21:36,979 --> 00:21:40,602 Come here! 280 00:21:40,658 --> 00:21:43,329 Yes! 281 00:21:54,319 --> 00:21:55,959 _ 282 00:21:56,439 --> 00:21:59,594 Did you resist the police officer in any way? 283 00:21:59,681 --> 00:22:02,043 Resist? I didn't get a chance to. 284 00:22:02,080 --> 00:22:04,530 They had me on the ground battered and bloody 285 00:22:04,565 --> 00:22:06,875 before I even knew where they were taking me. 286 00:22:06,932 --> 00:22:07,715 I see. 287 00:22:07,780 --> 00:22:10,430 Can you tell me... were there any witnesses 288 00:22:10,498 --> 00:22:12,401 to this altercation? 289 00:22:12,524 --> 00:22:15,227 What would it matter if anyone did see? 290 00:22:15,328 --> 00:22:17,102 If they're White, they don't help. 291 00:22:17,161 --> 00:22:18,895 If they're not White... 292 00:22:19,255 --> 00:22:21,641 What laws are there to protect us? 293 00:22:21,676 --> 00:22:24,736 We are still going to try and present a case. 294 00:22:24,790 --> 00:22:25,957 Why? 295 00:22:26,253 --> 00:22:28,264 I may as well be sent to jail. 296 00:22:28,299 --> 00:22:30,331 I have about as much control over my life 297 00:22:30,417 --> 00:22:32,140 out here as I would in there. 298 00:22:32,210 --> 00:22:35,510 Do you think I should waste my time trying to fight it? 299 00:22:36,808 --> 00:22:39,951 It was getting worse... 300 00:22:40,051 --> 00:22:41,453 the injustice. 301 00:22:45,472 --> 00:22:46,380 _ 302 00:22:46,415 --> 00:22:49,615 It was a time of fear... 303 00:22:49,762 --> 00:22:52,697 of frustration... 304 00:22:52,868 --> 00:22:54,904 a time of anger. 305 00:22:57,299 --> 00:23:00,962 My friends at the mine had finally had enough. 306 00:23:40,798 --> 00:23:42,999 Halt! Stop where you are! 307 00:23:45,202 --> 00:23:48,070 I said, stop where you are! 308 00:23:50,186 --> 00:23:52,743 Stop! Or we'll have to stop you! 309 00:24:01,706 --> 00:24:03,875 Move! 310 00:24:55,987 --> 00:24:58,665 I had never before seen such hate, 311 00:24:58,700 --> 00:25:00,577 violence and bloodshed. 312 00:25:01,185 --> 00:25:03,708 As I walked amongst the dead bodies, 313 00:25:03,802 --> 00:25:06,584 I knew there was no turning back. 314 00:25:09,796 --> 00:25:14,746 For me, the anti apartheid movement was born on that day. 315 00:25:17,113 --> 00:25:20,063 Deliver this son of Africa to God. 316 00:25:20,515 --> 00:25:22,332 Give us peace. 317 00:25:26,544 --> 00:25:28,661 - Father Huddleston. - Yes. 318 00:25:36,981 --> 00:25:40,178 I pray every day for our leaders 319 00:25:40,295 --> 00:25:42,623 in this fight for our liberation. 320 00:25:44,042 --> 00:25:47,557 We are grateful for our spiritual protectors. 321 00:25:48,023 --> 00:25:49,632 Thank you, Father. 322 00:25:58,441 --> 00:26:00,124 They are killing us... 323 00:26:00,159 --> 00:26:01,815 our brothers and sisters. 324 00:26:01,850 --> 00:26:05,131 We are all frustrated, but we must not lose heart. 325 00:26:05,166 --> 00:26:07,201 We are gaining attention and sympathy 326 00:26:07,236 --> 00:26:09,214 for our defiance campaign the world around. 327 00:26:09,249 --> 00:26:11,043 - We have to stay the course. - Mm-hm. 328 00:26:11,078 --> 00:26:12,915 Staying the course is not enough. 329 00:26:12,993 --> 00:26:15,667 Yes, we are gaining international attention, 330 00:26:15,702 --> 00:26:17,852 but one by one, we are losing our people. 331 00:26:17,915 --> 00:26:20,061 One by one, they are being sent to jail, 332 00:26:20,096 --> 00:26:23,492 and those that aren't, are losing faith with us. 333 00:26:23,736 --> 00:26:26,329 With all due respect, Chief Lithuli, 334 00:26:26,547 --> 00:26:29,697 you are a great president for the ANC. 335 00:26:29,880 --> 00:26:32,712 But we strongly feel we need to do more. 336 00:26:32,747 --> 00:26:34,972 But is there more that we can do? 337 00:26:35,007 --> 00:26:37,048 We are holding rallies in our own country 338 00:26:37,118 --> 00:26:38,646 where hundreds of people turn out. 339 00:26:38,681 --> 00:26:40,777 Hundreds of people won't change anything. 340 00:26:40,877 --> 00:26:42,745 We need thousands of people to turn up, huh? 341 00:26:42,846 --> 00:26:44,385 We are building to that. 342 00:26:44,463 --> 00:26:47,650 But Nelson and Oliver's point is that 343 00:26:47,750 --> 00:26:49,952 we don't have the time to build into it. 344 00:26:50,279 --> 00:26:53,624 We need to reach out to the people now. 345 00:26:56,011 --> 00:26:57,792 What do you suggest? 346 00:26:57,965 --> 00:27:02,862 Why do people ignore activism, movements, politics? 347 00:27:02,940 --> 00:27:05,922 Because they feel that they, as one person, 348 00:27:05,992 --> 00:27:08,395 have no power, no voice. 349 00:27:08,442 --> 00:27:10,392 This is why they feel they will never be heard. 350 00:27:10,427 --> 00:27:12,915 We must make them feel that they are being heard. 351 00:27:13,009 --> 00:27:15,501 Make them feel that if they support us, 352 00:27:15,536 --> 00:27:17,620 every last South African, 353 00:27:17,655 --> 00:27:19,953 from the rich, White Afrikaner in Johannesburg, 354 00:27:20,008 --> 00:27:21,985 to the poor, Black lady in the township, 355 00:27:22,108 --> 00:27:23,911 will have a voice. 356 00:27:26,923 --> 00:27:29,026 Gentlemen... 357 00:27:30,878 --> 00:27:34,530 we need to be that voice. 358 00:27:39,936 --> 00:27:42,205 The government keeps pushing, 359 00:27:42,352 --> 00:27:43,619 and pushing, 360 00:27:43,673 --> 00:27:46,562 and pushing, but they don't know our strength. 361 00:27:46,671 --> 00:27:49,546 They don't know the strength of the South African people. 362 00:27:55,513 --> 00:28:00,657 You may wonder why does the ANC refrain from violence? 363 00:28:00,855 --> 00:28:02,625 The answer is simple... 364 00:28:02,808 --> 00:28:04,328 we are not them. 365 00:28:04,661 --> 00:28:09,022 We do not practice the same disregard for human life. 366 00:28:09,057 --> 00:28:13,548 The ANC is in the practice of hope, of unity, 367 00:28:13,626 --> 00:28:15,713 of bringing all of Africa together. 368 00:28:15,784 --> 00:28:18,149 If we can do that, 369 00:28:18,531 --> 00:28:21,207 if we can learn to speak in one voice, 370 00:28:21,285 --> 00:28:24,317 so strong, so powerful 371 00:28:24,371 --> 00:28:26,127 that we cannot be drowned out, 372 00:28:26,162 --> 00:28:27,879 then all of their guns won't matter. 373 00:28:27,965 --> 00:28:30,290 They cannot stop us. 374 00:28:32,788 --> 00:28:35,921 Mark it on a piece of paper what you want, 375 00:28:35,956 --> 00:28:37,521 and how you want it. 376 00:28:37,556 --> 00:28:40,797 Together, we will create the Freedom Charter. 377 00:28:40,950 --> 00:28:42,558 "All equal before the law." 378 00:28:42,600 --> 00:28:43,676 I like that. 379 00:28:43,711 --> 00:28:45,516 "All national groups shall have equal rights." 380 00:28:45,590 --> 00:28:46,221 Right. 381 00:28:46,256 --> 00:28:48,273 "The people shall share in the country's wealth," huh? 382 00:28:48,308 --> 00:28:49,594 "There shall be peace and friendship." 383 00:28:49,629 --> 00:28:51,606 "There shall be work and serenity." 384 00:28:52,809 --> 00:28:55,311 Well, we never expected this much response. 385 00:28:55,412 --> 00:28:57,814 The people have spoken. 386 00:28:57,913 --> 00:28:59,737 - You know, Kathi. - Hm. 387 00:28:59,772 --> 00:29:01,548 I think Chief Lithuli is going to ask you 388 00:29:01,583 --> 00:29:04,954 to make the big speech announcing the charter tomorrow. 389 00:29:06,522 --> 00:29:07,490 Me? 390 00:29:07,655 --> 00:29:09,766 Well, w-why would he do that? 391 00:29:09,801 --> 00:29:11,419 He wants to see if you are able to handle 392 00:29:11,454 --> 00:29:13,462 big pressure situations. 393 00:29:13,780 --> 00:29:14,989 I... I can't. 394 00:29:15,024 --> 00:29:16,165 I'll mess it up. 395 00:29:19,146 --> 00:29:21,128 No, come on, guys. That's not funny. 396 00:29:21,163 --> 00:29:22,382 I could have had a heart attack. Come on. 397 00:29:22,417 --> 00:29:23,852 What is it, Bram? 398 00:29:24,632 --> 00:29:26,422 They have just banned the leaders of the ANC 399 00:29:26,457 --> 00:29:28,944 from being in any public event. 400 00:29:28,979 --> 00:29:30,580 How can they do that? 401 00:29:30,776 --> 00:29:34,065 Every time we gain an inch, they change the bloody rules. 402 00:29:34,100 --> 00:29:36,140 If you attend the Congress of the People, 403 00:29:36,175 --> 00:29:38,177 you will all be arrested. 404 00:29:45,459 --> 00:29:47,661 Then let them arrest us. 405 00:29:54,630 --> 00:29:55,975 Why risk arrest? 406 00:29:56,010 --> 00:29:57,476 Nelson, why can't you come with us? 407 00:29:57,558 --> 00:29:59,202 It is the Freedom Charter, Evelyn. 408 00:29:59,237 --> 00:30:01,963 If you want to go to church, it is your choice. 409 00:30:02,046 --> 00:30:03,638 Nelson, what about your faith? 410 00:30:03,673 --> 00:30:05,375 You don't even come to the meetings anymore. 411 00:30:05,474 --> 00:30:07,342 I still have my faith. 412 00:30:07,442 --> 00:30:08,978 But at this moment, 413 00:30:09,077 --> 00:30:11,580 The Movement is what is going to help our children. 414 00:30:11,681 --> 00:30:13,399 The children that you never see. 415 00:30:13,458 --> 00:30:15,461 Thembe, come here. 416 00:30:19,580 --> 00:30:22,618 I will be here when you return from church this afternoon. 417 00:30:22,653 --> 00:30:24,587 Are you sure? 418 00:30:24,799 --> 00:30:26,434 I will try. 419 00:30:33,864 --> 00:30:36,620 What will we do, if you're arrested? 420 00:30:48,686 --> 00:30:50,880 "We, the people of South Africa, 421 00:30:50,915 --> 00:30:53,307 "declare, for all our country, 422 00:30:53,342 --> 00:30:55,745 "and the world to know, 423 00:30:56,239 --> 00:31:00,630 "that South Africa belongs to all who live in it... 424 00:31:00,795 --> 00:31:02,629 Black and White." 425 00:31:07,668 --> 00:31:12,211 "No government can just claim authority 426 00:31:12,313 --> 00:31:16,644 unless it is based on the will of the people." 427 00:31:20,182 --> 00:31:24,072 "And we will strive unwaveringly 428 00:31:24,107 --> 00:31:27,923 until this democratic change has been won." 429 00:31:31,590 --> 00:31:37,165 Each and every one of you is represented in this charter. 430 00:31:40,001 --> 00:31:42,748 And we will be your voice. 431 00:31:45,942 --> 00:31:48,080 Africa! 432 00:31:48,118 --> 00:31:50,089 Africa! 433 00:31:50,135 --> 00:31:52,122 Africa! 434 00:31:52,157 --> 00:31:54,281 Ja, Africa! 435 00:31:54,316 --> 00:31:57,385 Africa! 436 00:32:32,983 --> 00:32:35,220 Today was a great day for me. 437 00:32:39,694 --> 00:32:42,498 It was supposed to be a great day for all of us. 438 00:32:44,266 --> 00:32:47,604 I don't think you understand what a great day for us is. 439 00:32:47,639 --> 00:32:50,705 Nelson, your children just want to see you, 440 00:32:50,806 --> 00:32:52,217 go for a walk, 441 00:32:52,287 --> 00:32:54,076 have dinner together. 442 00:32:54,175 --> 00:32:56,846 That's what I want, too. 443 00:32:57,132 --> 00:32:58,713 The Movement... 444 00:32:58,814 --> 00:33:01,182 that's not the life that I want. 445 00:33:01,282 --> 00:33:03,021 If you think that life exists for us 446 00:33:03,056 --> 00:33:05,387 without The Movement, you are wrong. 447 00:33:05,691 --> 00:33:07,990 Because all those simple things you are asking for, 448 00:33:08,156 --> 00:33:10,124 those things are freedom, 449 00:33:10,224 --> 00:33:11,785 the luxuries of a free life. 450 00:33:11,820 --> 00:33:13,711 That is what I'm fighting for. 451 00:33:15,964 --> 00:33:17,465 Thembe... 452 00:33:17,939 --> 00:33:19,840 I am sorry I was not here earlier. 453 00:33:20,743 --> 00:33:23,337 One day you will be old enough to help me. 454 00:33:23,438 --> 00:33:25,578 We will be father and son, united, 455 00:33:25,613 --> 00:33:27,516 together, in the struggle. 456 00:33:38,854 --> 00:33:41,890 So you say nothing's going to change. 457 00:33:42,193 --> 00:33:45,029 There's no room for us until the struggle's over. 458 00:34:02,914 --> 00:34:05,078 _ 459 00:34:06,013 --> 00:34:08,448 They're laughing at us. They're mocking our authority. 460 00:34:08,506 --> 00:34:10,087 Well, with all due respect, Prime Minister, 461 00:34:10,122 --> 00:34:11,516 all their leaders are under a ban, 462 00:34:11,586 --> 00:34:13,309 and we have jails full of the Communists. 463 00:34:13,344 --> 00:34:15,455 With all due respect, is it worth it? 464 00:34:16,698 --> 00:34:19,621 We need to respond and must put these people in their place. 465 00:34:19,710 --> 00:34:20,855 I think we need to respond 466 00:34:20,890 --> 00:34:23,536 with great caution, Mr. Prime Minister, if I may? 467 00:34:23,571 --> 00:34:25,588 International opinion is already very tricky 468 00:34:25,623 --> 00:34:27,886 after all the publicity from the defiance campaign 469 00:34:27,921 --> 00:34:28,998 - and I just... - This is our country, 470 00:34:29,033 --> 00:34:31,586 and we proceed in the way that is best for our people. 471 00:34:32,203 --> 00:34:35,244 We don't need the approval from the rest of the world. 472 00:34:36,197 --> 00:34:40,747 We were nearly destroyed and exterminated by the British. 473 00:34:40,828 --> 00:34:43,331 We cannot bend to international opinion. 474 00:34:43,385 --> 00:34:45,259 And when all is said and done, 475 00:34:45,294 --> 00:34:46,760 the world will come to see 476 00:34:46,795 --> 00:34:48,380 why we had to do what we had to do. 477 00:34:48,415 --> 00:34:49,833 And what do we have to do? 478 00:34:49,868 --> 00:34:52,260 Cut the head off the beast. 479 00:34:52,450 --> 00:34:54,037 Arrest the leaders, all of them. 480 00:34:54,072 --> 00:34:55,965 - On what charges? - Treason. 481 00:34:56,329 --> 00:34:59,171 That Charter is outright Communism. 482 00:35:05,057 --> 00:35:06,529 Those are the ones we want. 483 00:35:06,591 --> 00:35:08,625 There are hundreds. We'll have to arrest hundreds. 484 00:35:08,660 --> 00:35:10,427 Can we present a case in court? 485 00:35:10,462 --> 00:35:12,860 We have informers who will testify. 486 00:35:12,930 --> 00:35:14,832 I want a special court, 487 00:35:14,932 --> 00:35:16,467 away from the public eye, 488 00:35:16,502 --> 00:35:18,376 in a church or a synagogue, 489 00:35:18,423 --> 00:35:21,062 set up with three of our judges... hand picked. 490 00:35:21,097 --> 00:35:22,038 And the rule of law? 491 00:35:22,073 --> 00:35:23,776 And talk to the Americans. 492 00:35:23,876 --> 00:35:25,977 I think we can gain their support. 493 00:35:26,194 --> 00:35:28,945 They hate Communists as much as we do. 494 00:35:31,883 --> 00:35:33,952 It will be okay, Paul. 495 00:35:34,202 --> 00:35:38,122 Don't forget we have God on our side. 496 00:35:38,203 --> 00:35:39,666 They do not. 497 00:36:04,036 --> 00:36:05,935 We have a warrant to search this place 498 00:36:06,013 --> 00:36:07,486 and for your arrest. 499 00:36:07,545 --> 00:36:08,707 Under what charges? 500 00:36:08,742 --> 00:36:10,287 Practicing Communism, 501 00:36:10,387 --> 00:36:13,810 and plotting to overthrow the state with violence. 502 00:36:13,845 --> 00:36:15,018 Come on! 503 00:36:16,542 --> 00:36:18,310 It will be okay. 504 00:36:28,972 --> 00:36:30,321 Leave it to the Prime Minister 505 00:36:30,356 --> 00:36:32,776 to ban us from speaking to each other, 506 00:36:32,811 --> 00:36:35,514 and then lock us all away in the same cell together. 507 00:36:39,998 --> 00:36:42,639 We will get out of this, my friends. 508 00:36:42,724 --> 00:36:45,176 This is not how our struggle ends. 509 00:36:51,863 --> 00:36:53,696 There's not enough of cells to hold you. 510 00:36:53,731 --> 00:36:55,159 You'll stay! 511 00:36:56,442 --> 00:36:58,979 Surely, you can bring us in out of the rain. 512 00:37:00,849 --> 00:37:03,774 Surely, you're going to want to shut your mouth, kaffir! 513 00:37:03,906 --> 00:37:05,646 You're in my yard! 514 00:37:44,757 --> 00:37:46,317 After two days in prison, 515 00:37:46,352 --> 00:37:49,754 our lawyers secured our release on bail. 516 00:37:49,916 --> 00:37:51,965 We knew this was the beginning of a long 517 00:37:52,000 --> 00:37:55,351 and brutal fight against the charge of treason. 518 00:37:59,561 --> 00:38:03,204 But, for me, my real punishment came 519 00:38:04,132 --> 00:38:06,268 when I returned home. 520 00:39:16,937 --> 00:39:18,104 _ 521 00:39:18,187 --> 00:39:21,290 I have been asked many times 522 00:39:21,372 --> 00:39:23,965 how I was able to keep going 523 00:39:24,033 --> 00:39:27,535 in spite of all of the difficulties of my life. 524 00:39:29,662 --> 00:39:34,137 Patience, love, I found it again... 525 00:39:35,599 --> 00:39:37,300 in Winnie. 526 00:39:40,076 --> 00:39:42,645 Careful, please. 527 00:39:45,463 --> 00:39:47,579 In the midst of my despair, 528 00:39:47,614 --> 00:39:49,099 she was there... 529 00:39:51,831 --> 00:39:53,891 ...a wife who came to understand 530 00:39:53,980 --> 00:39:57,051 my greatest love was my people, 531 00:39:57,086 --> 00:39:58,616 our country. 532 00:40:01,129 --> 00:40:03,632 She shared that with me... 533 00:40:03,802 --> 00:40:05,705 our fight for liberation. 534 00:40:07,569 --> 00:40:11,473 But it seemed a fight that was going nowhere. 535 00:40:11,597 --> 00:40:12,951 After four years, 536 00:40:12,986 --> 00:40:16,197 my comrades and I were still on trial for treason. 537 00:40:16,327 --> 00:40:19,264 My life had become a grim routine. 538 00:40:19,363 --> 00:40:21,298 I was not yet in prison, 539 00:40:21,398 --> 00:40:23,467 but I was not yet free. 540 00:40:24,769 --> 00:40:30,248 And I was still unwelcome in my own country. 541 00:40:32,877 --> 00:40:35,692 What do we have here... a fleet-footed kaffir? 542 00:40:35,737 --> 00:40:37,338 Hey, stop. 543 00:40:40,644 --> 00:40:42,589 Good morning, officer. 544 00:40:42,667 --> 00:40:43,618 How may I help you? 545 00:40:43,653 --> 00:40:45,422 No, no, no, you don't call me "officer." 546 00:40:45,500 --> 00:40:46,550 You call me "boss." 547 00:40:46,585 --> 00:40:48,198 Let me see your pass. 548 00:40:55,002 --> 00:40:56,704 Nelson Mandela. 549 00:40:58,436 --> 00:41:00,568 Aren't you supposed to be on trial for treason? 550 00:41:00,638 --> 00:41:03,106 All of the accused are free on bail 551 00:41:03,272 --> 00:41:05,475 for the duration of the trial. 552 00:41:05,575 --> 00:41:08,519 Early morning is the only time I can get exercise... 553 00:41:08,554 --> 00:41:11,719 boss. 554 00:41:12,684 --> 00:41:16,285 You know what I do to cheeky kaffirs like you? 555 00:41:16,421 --> 00:41:18,386 I take you into the bush 556 00:41:18,486 --> 00:41:20,207 and I put a bullet through your head. 557 00:41:32,599 --> 00:41:34,368 You're lucky. 558 00:41:34,736 --> 00:41:36,604 White people in South Africa, 559 00:41:36,810 --> 00:41:39,047 we believe in following the rule of law. 560 00:42:08,580 --> 00:42:10,616 - Oliver. - Nelson! 561 00:42:10,763 --> 00:42:12,958 Hey. 562 00:42:12,993 --> 00:42:15,507 The great athlete. 563 00:42:15,542 --> 00:42:16,906 - How's it? - It's good. 564 00:42:16,976 --> 00:42:19,162 - How's Winnie and the family? - They are well. Well. 565 00:42:19,197 --> 00:42:22,324 So, you did not run here just to say hello. 566 00:42:22,359 --> 00:42:24,319 No, no. Already you have so many of them 567 00:42:24,354 --> 00:42:25,267 lined up out there. 568 00:42:25,302 --> 00:42:26,687 So many new laws. 569 00:42:26,722 --> 00:42:28,326 And so few Black lawyers. 570 00:42:34,060 --> 00:42:35,695 I'm sorry, my friend, 571 00:42:36,423 --> 00:42:37,888 that you had to take on such a heavy load 572 00:42:37,974 --> 00:42:39,909 with me still being on trial. 573 00:42:41,036 --> 00:42:43,538 I'm lucky they dropped the charges against me. 574 00:42:43,963 --> 00:42:46,735 My burden is not as heavy as yours. 575 00:42:49,111 --> 00:42:52,228 I miss you, Oliver, and this place. 576 00:42:52,781 --> 00:42:54,999 I can't wait till I get back. 577 00:42:56,421 --> 00:42:59,090 You're not ever coming back. 578 00:42:59,189 --> 00:43:01,291 We both know that. 579 00:43:01,326 --> 00:43:03,028 If they do not convict you, they will try, 580 00:43:03,146 --> 00:43:05,435 and try again until they succeed. 581 00:43:07,732 --> 00:43:09,467 If I am acquitted... 582 00:43:10,528 --> 00:43:11,765 I will have to go underground. 583 00:43:11,800 --> 00:43:15,639 It is the only way that I can continue in the struggle. 584 00:43:15,740 --> 00:43:17,660 We cannot wage a struggle for freedom 585 00:43:17,695 --> 00:43:20,393 while you are in prison, hm? 586 00:43:24,747 --> 00:43:25,950 Ah... 587 00:43:26,144 --> 00:43:27,932 a favor to ask. 588 00:43:28,270 --> 00:43:30,436 Can you see this kid for me? 589 00:43:30,471 --> 00:43:32,589 A pass book thing. The usual. 590 00:43:32,678 --> 00:43:34,822 Oh, I don't know, Oliver. 591 00:43:34,857 --> 00:43:36,625 Ah, come on, Nelson. 592 00:43:36,660 --> 00:43:38,469 All right. 593 00:43:39,046 --> 00:43:40,562 Let me take a look. 594 00:43:40,628 --> 00:43:41,783 Thank you. 595 00:43:42,850 --> 00:43:44,185 Okay. 596 00:43:47,130 --> 00:43:48,606 Ah, come. 597 00:43:48,768 --> 00:43:50,836 - You get Nelson today. - Thank you. 598 00:43:50,871 --> 00:43:52,302 Miss, you can sit here. 599 00:43:55,294 --> 00:43:59,599 I... I was arrested because I don't have a pass. 600 00:43:59,816 --> 00:44:03,169 But I couldn't get a pass, if I don't have a job. 601 00:44:03,229 --> 00:44:04,821 So, what am I supposed to do? 602 00:44:04,856 --> 00:44:07,158 As soon as I go out there to find work, 603 00:44:07,193 --> 00:44:08,427 I get arrested. 604 00:44:08,536 --> 00:44:10,877 Because you don't have a pass. 605 00:44:11,586 --> 00:44:13,120 Tell me. 606 00:44:13,759 --> 00:44:15,695 I have this girl I want to marry. 607 00:44:19,425 --> 00:44:21,193 Her name is Nande. 608 00:44:21,301 --> 00:44:23,170 Does she want to marry you? 609 00:44:23,340 --> 00:44:26,658 How can she when I don't even have a job? 610 00:44:28,717 --> 00:44:29,820 All right. 611 00:44:31,270 --> 00:44:32,714 Mass protests are planned today 612 00:44:32,749 --> 00:44:35,371 by the new Pan Africanist Congress, or PAC. 613 00:44:35,406 --> 00:44:37,796 The group says it's protesting against the pass laws 614 00:44:37,857 --> 00:44:39,730 which require identification for all Black... 615 00:44:39,765 --> 00:44:42,159 I was listening to that. 616 00:44:44,561 --> 00:44:45,962 PAC leader, Robert Sobukwe, 617 00:44:45,997 --> 00:44:47,131 has repeated his request 618 00:44:47,231 --> 00:44:49,570 to leaders of the rival African National Congress 619 00:44:49,605 --> 00:44:51,406 to support the protest. 620 00:44:51,702 --> 00:44:54,874 Maybe you should join forces... ANC and PAC. 621 00:44:54,921 --> 00:44:56,740 You'd do more with a united front. 622 00:44:56,840 --> 00:44:58,642 The PAC's vision is different from ours. 623 00:44:58,742 --> 00:45:02,044 They want to exclude Whites, Indians, Coloreds, 624 00:45:02,146 --> 00:45:04,180 from the struggle... everyone. 625 00:45:04,215 --> 00:45:05,316 They are clever. 626 00:45:05,483 --> 00:45:07,498 The pass protest was our idea. 627 00:45:07,564 --> 00:45:08,709 They are strategic. 628 00:45:08,744 --> 00:45:10,311 They are opportunistic. 629 00:45:11,015 --> 00:45:13,709 Well, turning off the radio won't stop the protest today. 630 00:45:13,744 --> 00:45:14,997 Yes. 631 00:45:15,808 --> 00:45:17,536 This bloody treason trial 632 00:45:17,608 --> 00:45:20,499 is really putting a strain on our law practice. 633 00:45:20,597 --> 00:45:22,733 It has almost been four years. 634 00:45:22,832 --> 00:45:24,808 The people want to see change. 635 00:45:24,878 --> 00:45:26,423 They want action. 636 00:45:30,052 --> 00:45:31,506 Hmmm... 637 00:45:31,606 --> 00:45:33,875 Let them wait. 638 00:45:33,964 --> 00:45:36,398 The treason bus waits for no man. 639 00:45:44,893 --> 00:45:46,157 Good morning, comrades. 640 00:45:46,238 --> 00:45:47,421 Good morning, Nelson. 641 00:45:47,456 --> 00:45:49,177 - Day 1399. - Morning, comrade. 642 00:45:49,274 --> 00:45:50,436 It's not a joke anymore. 643 00:45:50,471 --> 00:45:55,609 Day 1399 is the day we're going to be humiliated by the PAC. 644 00:45:55,798 --> 00:45:59,535 You see, they've called their protest a week before ours. 645 00:45:59,570 --> 00:46:02,073 - For one reason. - Yes, to make us look slow... 646 00:46:02,173 --> 00:46:03,523 and stupid. 647 00:46:08,534 --> 00:46:11,276 Today, we will stand in protest. 648 00:46:12,549 --> 00:46:14,627 - _ - We will not be told where and when 649 00:46:14,709 --> 00:46:16,501 to travel in our own land. 650 00:46:16,536 --> 00:46:17,775 No! 651 00:46:17,872 --> 00:46:20,457 For now we have promised a peaceful march. 652 00:46:20,492 --> 00:46:22,661 But our demands are non-negotiable. 653 00:46:22,696 --> 00:46:24,267 Yes! 654 00:46:24,380 --> 00:46:27,191 Abolish the pass laws now! 655 00:46:27,236 --> 00:46:28,771 Yes! 656 00:46:29,196 --> 00:46:32,893 We will stand our ground until we hear from Pretoria. 657 00:46:32,928 --> 00:46:34,289 Yes! 658 00:46:34,333 --> 00:46:39,180 The future of Africa must be what Africans make. 659 00:46:39,840 --> 00:46:41,916 - Our land! - Our land! 660 00:46:42,001 --> 00:46:42,953 Our land! 661 00:46:42,988 --> 00:46:44,557 Our land! 662 00:46:50,968 --> 00:46:52,517 They're listening to him, Nelson. 663 00:46:52,552 --> 00:46:55,656 Sobukwe is saying all the things that the people want to hear. 664 00:46:55,691 --> 00:46:57,961 Maybe they don't want this multi-party, 665 00:46:57,996 --> 00:47:00,398 multi-racial, passive resistance. 666 00:47:00,447 --> 00:47:02,234 They don't want clever, colored lawyers 667 00:47:02,269 --> 00:47:05,210 and rich White Communists to be on their side. 668 00:47:05,245 --> 00:47:07,356 That's why the PAC is growing so much. 669 00:47:07,391 --> 00:47:08,204 Bloody Communists. 670 00:47:08,239 --> 00:47:09,092 Ruth, Joe... 671 00:47:09,127 --> 00:47:10,995 come sit here by me and Duma. 672 00:47:12,102 --> 00:47:13,337 Okay with you, Duma? 673 00:47:13,372 --> 00:47:15,007 He's scared we'll infect him. 674 00:47:15,093 --> 00:47:16,582 Africa for Africans. 675 00:47:16,663 --> 00:47:18,353 That is what the people want to hear. 676 00:47:18,388 --> 00:47:20,448 That is why they are joining the PAC. 677 00:47:20,501 --> 00:47:23,115 The question is, Duma, do you want to join them? 678 00:47:23,150 --> 00:47:26,350 Because you are too intelligent for the PAC rhetoric. 679 00:47:26,410 --> 00:47:28,709 Because you don't want the struggle for justice for all 680 00:47:28,744 --> 00:47:31,114 to turn into a primitive civil war 681 00:47:31,149 --> 00:47:33,629 between Black people, Colored people, White people. 682 00:47:33,664 --> 00:47:36,133 Because you understand we are all Africans. 683 00:47:36,298 --> 00:47:39,090 Sometimes you have to hold on to what you believe in... 684 00:47:39,153 --> 00:47:40,766 and be patient. 685 00:47:44,625 --> 00:47:47,741 I want those troublemakers stopped. 686 00:47:47,776 --> 00:47:50,936 Isn't it enough that we have these Red Communists 687 00:47:50,971 --> 00:47:53,265 and Black leaders on trial for treason? 688 00:47:53,300 --> 00:47:56,995 This PAC, or ANC, or whatever you call them, 689 00:47:57,030 --> 00:47:59,136 they must be eliminated. 690 00:48:00,170 --> 00:48:03,326 Use everything at our disposal. 691 00:48:03,361 --> 00:48:05,254 Don't spare any expense. 692 00:48:10,788 --> 00:48:12,366 _ 693 00:48:25,217 --> 00:48:26,685 Arms up. 694 00:48:27,595 --> 00:48:29,197 Go through. 695 00:48:29,801 --> 00:48:31,303 Arms up. 696 00:48:32,045 --> 00:48:34,833 Chief Lithuli, as president of the ANC, 697 00:48:34,868 --> 00:48:38,231 is the use of violence a tactic employed by your organization? 698 00:48:38,318 --> 00:48:42,388 The use of violence would be almost national suicide. 699 00:48:42,690 --> 00:48:44,860 Because of my Christian leanings, 700 00:48:44,895 --> 00:48:46,828 I would hesitate to be a party to violence. 701 00:48:46,863 --> 00:48:48,157 You say "hesitate." 702 00:48:48,192 --> 00:48:50,380 You would not condemn it outright? 703 00:48:50,447 --> 00:48:55,388 The ANC believes that progress is achieved through dialogue. 704 00:48:55,553 --> 00:48:58,355 The accused believe as I believe... 705 00:48:58,421 --> 00:49:01,357 that one day, the African people and the White man 706 00:49:01,441 --> 00:49:06,437 must talk, otherwise, where is the hope for any of us? 707 00:49:28,624 --> 00:49:30,412 - Colonel. - Lieutenant. 708 00:49:30,509 --> 00:49:33,312 - See any weapons? - Ach, only umbrellas. 709 00:49:36,562 --> 00:49:38,939 There's more than umbrellas out there. 710 00:49:40,892 --> 00:49:42,049 Yes, sir. 711 00:49:47,322 --> 00:49:50,141 Mr. Mandela, is it fair to say that you play a significant role 712 00:49:50,176 --> 00:49:52,532 in the African National Congress? 713 00:49:52,581 --> 00:49:54,361 We are a democratic body 714 00:49:54,395 --> 00:49:56,840 under the presidency of Chief Lithuli. 715 00:49:57,484 --> 00:49:59,485 Will you confirm that all the accused here 716 00:49:59,520 --> 00:50:01,476 are members of the ANC. 717 00:50:01,530 --> 00:50:03,098 Why are you asking me? 718 00:50:03,400 --> 00:50:05,695 All of them have already said as much. 719 00:50:06,431 --> 00:50:10,263 But would you agree that the purpose of the ANC is to overthrow the government? 720 00:50:10,353 --> 00:50:16,150 No, the purpose of the ANC is to reform the government. 721 00:50:27,864 --> 00:50:30,124 Load five rounds! 722 00:50:45,742 --> 00:50:47,443 Fire! 723 00:51:09,321 --> 00:51:11,824 Enough! Enough shooting! 724 00:51:18,779 --> 00:51:21,166 Cease fire! Cease fire! 725 00:51:36,383 --> 00:51:38,285 Silence! 726 00:51:39,114 --> 00:51:41,721 This is the BBC World Service. 727 00:51:41,821 --> 00:51:44,457 In the township of Sharpeville in South Africa, 728 00:51:44,492 --> 00:51:47,128 a violent clash between police and protestors. 729 00:51:47,213 --> 00:51:50,250 Policemen encountered an angry mob of thousands. 730 00:51:50,430 --> 00:51:52,352 Police say they were forced to open fire 731 00:51:52,387 --> 00:51:54,439 on the violent and illegal protest 732 00:51:54,474 --> 00:51:56,539 led by the Pan Africanist Congress 733 00:51:56,586 --> 00:51:58,111 against the new pass laws. 734 00:52:06,823 --> 00:52:08,416 Sixty-nine dead. 735 00:52:09,507 --> 00:52:12,091 More than 150 wounded. 736 00:52:13,374 --> 00:52:16,101 I say no apology. 737 00:52:16,136 --> 00:52:17,897 We commend the police for their bravery. 738 00:52:17,932 --> 00:52:20,023 We declare martial law and stop this now. 739 00:52:20,058 --> 00:52:22,393 Tomorrow the eyes of the world will be upon us. 740 00:52:22,428 --> 00:52:24,686 I think we need to proceed with great caution. 741 00:52:24,721 --> 00:52:26,889 You understand... 742 00:52:27,600 --> 00:52:31,456 right there by Sharpeville, 743 00:52:31,491 --> 00:52:35,960 we signed the treaty of our defeat by the British... 744 00:52:36,034 --> 00:52:38,971 nearly 60 years ago. 745 00:52:39,017 --> 00:52:40,484 I'd forgotten that. 746 00:52:40,519 --> 00:52:43,008 We must never forget. 747 00:52:45,382 --> 00:52:49,778 Today is a sign from the Lord, 748 00:52:49,876 --> 00:52:51,210 a reminder... 749 00:52:52,721 --> 00:52:56,852 that we must never risk humiliation 750 00:52:56,887 --> 00:53:00,257 and extermination again. 751 00:53:00,396 --> 00:53:06,681 We must always remember our sacred duty. 752 00:53:06,716 --> 00:53:10,118 We will fight for our existence. 753 00:53:10,299 --> 00:53:13,340 We must keep our people safe. 754 00:53:26,422 --> 00:53:28,690 You... lawyer... 755 00:53:28,908 --> 00:53:30,270 what did you tell him? 756 00:53:30,305 --> 00:53:33,109 What did you say about the pass laws, huh? 757 00:53:33,264 --> 00:53:35,511 Solomon was such a good boy. 758 00:53:35,546 --> 00:53:37,948 No trouble. 759 00:53:38,157 --> 00:53:40,159 He just wanted to work. 760 00:53:40,295 --> 00:53:42,664 You put ideas in his head... 761 00:53:44,590 --> 00:53:46,894 and sent him to protest. 762 00:53:48,127 --> 00:53:52,254 You sent him to die! 763 00:53:53,690 --> 00:53:55,392 - Can... - No! 764 00:54:10,020 --> 00:54:11,689 I am so sorry. 765 00:54:15,732 --> 00:54:18,061 We can't let the PAC draw us into a street fight. 766 00:54:18,128 --> 00:54:19,531 It's too dangerous. 767 00:54:19,566 --> 00:54:20,453 That's fine, I hear you. 768 00:54:20,488 --> 00:54:22,345 But I think we should take some action. 769 00:54:22,383 --> 00:54:25,375 The PAC has split from us because all we ever do is talk. 770 00:54:25,410 --> 00:54:27,803 Nonsense! They want civil war. 771 00:54:27,838 --> 00:54:30,140 They want division between Blacks and Whites, 772 00:54:30,239 --> 00:54:31,221 and Coloreds and Indians. 773 00:54:31,256 --> 00:54:32,812 Look, whatever we think of them morally, 774 00:54:32,895 --> 00:54:34,642 we have no choice but to make a stand. 775 00:54:34,677 --> 00:54:36,364 For God's sake, we all agree on that. 776 00:54:36,445 --> 00:54:38,246 But, please, make a decision. 777 00:54:38,414 --> 00:54:42,457 I don't think we should argue amongst ourselves. 778 00:54:42,543 --> 00:54:43,606 Yes, you are right. 779 00:54:43,677 --> 00:54:45,442 But what are we going to do? 780 00:54:45,477 --> 00:54:46,729 Stand here drinking? 781 00:54:46,764 --> 00:54:48,667 I can't do that anymore. 782 00:54:49,653 --> 00:54:51,660 Every fiber of my being tells me 783 00:54:51,695 --> 00:54:54,694 that we cannot respond to this violence 784 00:54:54,729 --> 00:54:57,233 with more passive resistance. 785 00:54:57,296 --> 00:54:59,949 The PAC has shown great courage, 786 00:54:59,984 --> 00:55:02,438 no matter what we think of their strategy. 787 00:55:02,539 --> 00:55:05,876 In this crisis, we must support them. 788 00:55:06,030 --> 00:55:09,710 Those people were shot in the back as they ran... 789 00:55:09,745 --> 00:55:13,182 men, women, children. 790 00:55:13,239 --> 00:55:14,674 It was murder. 791 00:55:14,744 --> 00:55:18,715 But non-violence has always been our path... 792 00:55:18,783 --> 00:55:19,844 from the start, 793 00:55:19,922 --> 00:55:22,524 and I am not ready to abandon it, 794 00:55:22,655 --> 00:55:25,280 and neither is our president, Chief Lithuli, 795 00:55:25,347 --> 00:55:29,251 and, as far as I know, neither is the PAC. 796 00:55:29,286 --> 00:55:32,221 We will call for a national day of mourning 797 00:55:32,434 --> 00:55:34,939 for the victims of Sharpeville. 798 00:55:35,021 --> 00:55:36,779 We will call for strikes 799 00:55:36,814 --> 00:55:39,612 that close factories and empty the fields. 800 00:55:39,706 --> 00:55:41,411 We will call for marches 801 00:55:41,510 --> 00:55:43,646 that bring the cities to a standstill, 802 00:55:43,850 --> 00:55:46,283 and dare them to strike us down. 803 00:55:46,347 --> 00:55:49,543 The PAC was demonstrating the pass laws. 804 00:55:49,629 --> 00:55:53,791 I will make my own small act of solidarity with the PAC 805 00:55:53,877 --> 00:55:58,561 by burning my pass in public in front of the press. 806 00:55:58,735 --> 00:56:00,699 I know Duma has been longing to burn his pass 807 00:56:00,761 --> 00:56:02,408 in public for years. 808 00:56:06,869 --> 00:56:09,900 I have one other proposal. 809 00:56:14,742 --> 00:56:18,478 We agree Verwoerd will attack. 810 00:56:18,514 --> 00:56:21,412 He will attempt to silence us with incarceration, 811 00:56:21,447 --> 00:56:24,354 execution, or assassination. 812 00:56:24,454 --> 00:56:26,316 Therefore, we need a voice 813 00:56:26,353 --> 00:56:29,326 that he cannot silence, a voice that people know, 814 00:56:29,425 --> 00:56:30,927 and respect, 815 00:56:31,154 --> 00:56:34,731 a voice that can speak from the safety of another country. 816 00:56:38,034 --> 00:56:40,988 I see you are looking at me, Nelson. 817 00:56:41,040 --> 00:56:42,843 Yes. 818 00:56:45,562 --> 00:56:46,864 Who else? 819 00:56:57,753 --> 00:57:00,246 I will miss you... 820 00:57:00,281 --> 00:57:01,984 very much. 821 00:57:03,961 --> 00:57:05,167 Yeah. 822 00:57:09,427 --> 00:57:12,130 I would like to make a gesture of support 823 00:57:12,207 --> 00:57:14,876 for Robert Sobukwe and the PAC 824 00:57:15,132 --> 00:57:18,102 by burning this most-hated pass book 825 00:57:18,141 --> 00:57:20,910 which makes me a foreigner in my own country, 826 00:57:21,166 --> 00:57:25,821 and a gesture of the deepest sympathy 827 00:57:26,458 --> 00:57:28,774 for the friends and families of those whose lives 828 00:57:28,809 --> 00:57:31,554 were sacrificed in the cause of freedom, 829 00:57:31,655 --> 00:57:33,557 our freedom. 830 00:57:33,657 --> 00:57:36,026 This is my pass book, 831 00:57:36,230 --> 00:57:39,250 which I am supposed to carry everywhere, 832 00:57:39,327 --> 00:57:42,413 so they will know who I am... 833 00:57:42,511 --> 00:57:44,779 ...where I am from. 834 00:57:45,134 --> 00:57:48,070 I am a South African from South Africa. 835 00:57:48,172 --> 00:57:51,375 I have the right to travel in my own country. 836 00:57:51,474 --> 00:57:54,409 This is all they need to know. 837 00:58:25,741 --> 00:58:27,882 Disperse immediately! 838 00:58:28,061 --> 00:58:29,484 Disperse! 839 00:58:37,954 --> 00:58:39,811 Leave this area immediately 840 00:58:39,846 --> 00:58:42,539 or you will be arrested. 841 00:58:45,394 --> 00:58:49,431 You have set fire to a lot more than your pass book. 842 00:58:49,532 --> 00:58:51,601 It's getting dangerous out there. 843 00:58:51,767 --> 00:58:54,669 I think you and Zenani should stay inside. 844 00:58:54,704 --> 00:58:57,543 I need to go and look in on my other children. 845 00:58:59,977 --> 00:59:00,965 Of course. 846 00:59:01,047 --> 00:59:03,425 They will be at Walter's tomorrow. 847 00:59:07,035 --> 00:59:08,669 Tomorrow is Sunday. 848 00:59:08,903 --> 00:59:10,791 It's our only day together. 849 00:59:14,742 --> 00:59:16,457 I won't stay long. 850 00:59:16,530 --> 00:59:19,898 It is only right that you see your other children. 851 00:59:19,987 --> 00:59:21,788 I want you to go. 852 00:59:21,823 --> 00:59:24,122 It's just the struggle, 853 00:59:24,157 --> 00:59:27,670 your comrades, your other family... 854 00:59:27,835 --> 00:59:30,464 if everyone gets a piece of you, 855 00:59:30,533 --> 00:59:32,012 what is left? 856 00:59:43,529 --> 00:59:47,000 The ANC will look after you until you can join me. 857 00:59:47,035 --> 00:59:48,270 I'll be there. 858 00:59:48,485 --> 00:59:52,471 As long as I give my job notice and I pack up our things. 859 00:59:52,506 --> 00:59:54,752 By then we will have arranged a route for you. 860 00:59:58,880 --> 01:00:00,672 Are you sure you will be okay? 861 01:00:01,815 --> 01:00:04,483 I hate being separated from you. 862 01:00:12,552 --> 01:00:15,887 I will call you as soon as I'm over the border. 863 01:00:16,152 --> 01:00:19,234 Don't worry. I will be safe. 864 01:00:30,337 --> 01:00:32,783 Shhhh... 865 01:00:37,945 --> 01:00:39,781 All right, you two. 866 01:00:39,882 --> 01:00:41,718 Let this old man catch his breath. 867 01:00:41,879 --> 01:00:43,082 Come and sit down, old man. 868 01:00:43,117 --> 01:00:45,152 Ah, Albertina. 869 01:00:45,187 --> 01:00:47,455 These little ones are really happy to see you. 870 01:00:47,490 --> 01:00:49,793 Yes. Thank you, my dear. 871 01:00:50,727 --> 01:00:52,194 Go with your mother. 872 01:00:52,229 --> 01:00:53,182 Come on. 873 01:00:55,142 --> 01:00:57,742 Your children are growing up strong, Nelson. 874 01:00:59,278 --> 01:01:00,840 And how is their mother? 875 01:01:02,272 --> 01:01:04,912 All things being considered, my cousin is well. 876 01:01:06,788 --> 01:01:08,240 You know, when we were first married, 877 01:01:08,317 --> 01:01:10,972 I thought that Evelyn and I would be together forever. 878 01:01:12,336 --> 01:01:13,319 And then? 879 01:01:13,354 --> 01:01:15,117 And then all of this, 880 01:01:15,386 --> 01:01:17,800 all that our lives have become... 881 01:01:17,895 --> 01:01:21,674 I am already starting to make Winnie worry, too. 882 01:01:27,392 --> 01:01:31,000 But you, Walter, and Albertina... 883 01:01:31,035 --> 01:01:32,171 Yeah. 884 01:01:32,206 --> 01:01:35,043 ...your home, your children... 885 01:01:37,414 --> 01:01:38,822 you have held it all together. 886 01:01:38,857 --> 01:01:40,792 You are happy. 887 01:01:40,846 --> 01:01:42,982 What is the secret, I wonder? 888 01:01:43,137 --> 01:01:45,604 There is the cause, 889 01:01:45,639 --> 01:01:47,276 and there is family. 890 01:01:49,175 --> 01:01:51,152 Your duty is to both. 891 01:01:53,497 --> 01:01:55,312 Remember this, Madiba, 892 01:01:56,562 --> 01:01:59,214 if not for them, 893 01:01:59,249 --> 01:02:00,918 for you. 894 01:02:02,591 --> 01:02:03,933 Come, Dada. 895 01:02:05,665 --> 01:02:08,311 All right, Maka. 896 01:02:08,346 --> 01:02:10,167 You are the boss, 897 01:02:10,243 --> 01:02:12,254 and I must go soon, huh? 898 01:02:12,335 --> 01:02:13,570 I don't want you to go home yet. 899 01:02:13,605 --> 01:02:18,718 I will come around again... very soon, hm? 900 01:02:19,130 --> 01:02:20,809 Do you and mama hate each other? 901 01:02:21,938 --> 01:02:23,594 It's all right, Thembe. 902 01:02:23,629 --> 01:02:24,903 No, my son. 903 01:02:25,949 --> 01:02:28,492 We will always be in each other's hearts, 904 01:02:28,557 --> 01:02:29,825 your mother and I, 905 01:02:29,860 --> 01:02:32,632 and we both love you very much. 906 01:02:33,332 --> 01:02:34,967 Am I old enough to come with you 907 01:02:35,002 --> 01:02:36,535 to one of your meetings, Dada? 908 01:02:36,570 --> 01:02:38,338 Some day, Thembe. 909 01:02:38,492 --> 01:02:40,137 But, at the moment, 910 01:02:40,172 --> 01:02:42,341 you need to go to school and study. 911 01:02:42,440 --> 01:02:44,977 Remember, you are the man of the house now. 912 01:02:45,078 --> 01:02:47,320 I'm even wearing your old trousers, Dada. 913 01:02:47,355 --> 01:02:49,926 I see... and you are wearing them well. 914 01:02:50,055 --> 01:02:52,017 You are a good man, my son. 915 01:02:53,119 --> 01:02:54,962 All right, you scamps... 916 01:02:54,997 --> 01:02:57,355 ...come, help me give hugs to Albertina before we go. 917 01:02:57,390 --> 01:02:58,824 Let's go, let's go. 918 01:03:02,892 --> 01:03:05,764 This is the BBC World Service. 919 01:03:05,799 --> 01:03:07,267 In South Africa today, 920 01:03:07,302 --> 01:03:09,116 the Prime Minister, Mr. Hendrik Verwoerd, 921 01:03:09,151 --> 01:03:11,822 has just declared a state of emergency. 922 01:03:11,919 --> 01:03:14,787 The main opposition parties, the Pan African Congress, 923 01:03:14,822 --> 01:03:16,519 and the African National Congress, 924 01:03:16,554 --> 01:03:19,590 have both been declared illegal organizations. 925 01:03:41,729 --> 01:03:42,731 Yes? 926 01:03:43,544 --> 01:03:45,949 Hey, I need to see your warrant. 927 01:03:45,984 --> 01:03:47,386 We don't need one. 928 01:03:47,562 --> 01:03:49,499 Not anymore. 929 01:03:49,709 --> 01:03:51,176 Everything will be all right. 930 01:03:51,277 --> 01:03:53,179 Everything will be all right. 931 01:04:15,370 --> 01:04:17,409 _ 932 01:04:22,090 --> 01:04:23,255 Here you go, sir. 933 01:04:24,864 --> 01:04:26,006 Thank you. 934 01:04:27,876 --> 01:04:30,571 I hope your accommodation suits you. 935 01:04:30,678 --> 01:04:32,456 My place is just a block away. 936 01:04:33,489 --> 01:04:36,653 I think this is going to take a bit of adjustment. 937 01:04:37,088 --> 01:04:38,622 Let's get you settled. 938 01:04:39,024 --> 01:04:41,737 After, we'll start on that list of embassies you want to visit. 939 01:04:43,250 --> 01:04:45,165 Hut! 940 01:04:46,968 --> 01:04:51,671 - Hello, Nelson. - Walter. Duma. 941 01:04:51,706 --> 01:04:54,689 Mandela. It's quite a party. Everyone is here. 942 01:04:54,724 --> 01:04:56,134 Yes, what are the charges now? 943 01:04:56,239 --> 01:04:58,885 Whatever new laws they came up with this morning. 944 01:04:58,958 --> 01:05:00,595 Nelson Mandela. 945 01:05:07,368 --> 01:05:10,004 Robert Sobukwe. 946 01:05:15,641 --> 01:05:18,879 The PAC thanks you for your support. 947 01:05:18,938 --> 01:05:21,576 And the ANC thanks you for yours. 948 01:05:28,304 --> 01:05:30,267 Ladies and gentlemen, 949 01:05:30,302 --> 01:05:33,806 on behalf of the Witwatersrand Agricultural Society, 950 01:05:33,841 --> 01:05:36,994 I am delighted to welcome you all here today 951 01:05:37,029 --> 01:05:40,667 to the official opening of our union exposition, 952 01:05:40,702 --> 01:05:43,572 and I'm especially delighted that we have with us 953 01:05:43,637 --> 01:05:46,669 the Prime Minister, Mr. H.F. Verwoerd. 954 01:06:23,250 --> 01:06:25,175 - Have you heard the news? - What news? 955 01:06:25,210 --> 01:06:26,552 Somebody shot Verwoerd. 956 01:06:26,587 --> 01:06:28,524 Two bullets in the head. 957 01:06:28,559 --> 01:06:29,964 - Is he dead? - No. 958 01:06:29,999 --> 01:06:31,366 Both bullets missed the brain... 959 01:06:31,401 --> 01:06:32,863 unsurprisingly. 960 01:06:32,923 --> 01:06:33,905 Who shot him? 961 01:06:33,940 --> 01:06:36,766 Some White farmer who doesn't like apartheid. 962 01:06:36,801 --> 01:06:37,595 Imagine that? 963 01:06:37,630 --> 01:06:39,603 I doubt that they will declare him insane. 964 01:06:39,638 --> 01:06:41,502 Thank God he wasn't Black. 965 01:06:44,426 --> 01:06:46,320 What is Verwoerd's condition? 966 01:06:46,355 --> 01:06:48,604 Critical, without a doubt. 967 01:06:48,639 --> 01:06:51,508 Habeas corpus is being suspended. 968 01:06:51,543 --> 01:06:53,778 We're living in a police state. 969 01:06:53,910 --> 01:06:57,416 You are now all members of a banned organization. 970 01:07:00,212 --> 01:07:03,471 Anything... anything that you say testifying in your own trial 971 01:07:03,506 --> 01:07:06,326 that could be interpreted as furthering the cause of the ANC 972 01:07:06,408 --> 01:07:10,012 will expose you to further potential repercussions. 973 01:07:11,164 --> 01:07:12,433 My hands are tied. 974 01:07:12,468 --> 01:07:14,959 It is impossible for us to construct a defense. 975 01:07:14,994 --> 01:07:16,954 The state has made access extremely difficult. 976 01:07:16,989 --> 01:07:19,090 We could withdraw in protest. 977 01:07:19,203 --> 01:07:22,750 It's not much, but at least it's some kind of step. 978 01:07:22,785 --> 01:07:24,365 How many lawyers are there amongst us? 979 01:07:24,400 --> 01:07:26,568 You, me and Joe. 980 01:07:26,871 --> 01:07:28,903 If we conduct our own defense, 981 01:07:28,938 --> 01:07:30,773 until they lift this state of emergency... 982 01:07:30,853 --> 01:07:32,210 And what if it doesn't get lifted? 983 01:07:32,245 --> 01:07:34,415 We keep it going until it is. 984 01:07:34,581 --> 01:07:38,567 Yeah, we could cross examine every witness, in turn, 985 01:07:38,602 --> 01:07:40,776 by every other defendant. 986 01:07:40,811 --> 01:07:41,869 It might work. 987 01:07:41,904 --> 01:07:43,678 We could go on with this for years. 988 01:07:43,775 --> 01:07:46,331 At some point, the state of emergency has to be lifted. 989 01:07:46,402 --> 01:07:49,065 Yeah, they want us to hang for these treason charges. 990 01:07:49,100 --> 01:07:52,133 If we want to stay alive, we must play against them, 991 01:07:52,168 --> 01:07:54,204 using their own rules. 992 01:07:56,155 --> 01:07:57,724 We will stay alive. 993 01:08:10,019 --> 01:08:12,714 Hmph, and I thought it was all blue skies 994 01:08:12,818 --> 01:08:14,988 - _ - and big game safaris over there. 995 01:08:16,770 --> 01:08:18,339 Thank you. 996 01:08:23,940 --> 01:08:27,879 The inhumanity in your government breeds such hatred. 997 01:08:28,018 --> 01:08:29,319 Thank God the British prime minister's 998 01:08:29,354 --> 01:08:31,202 condemned apartheid. 999 01:08:31,299 --> 01:08:32,391 Yes. 1000 01:08:32,455 --> 01:08:34,323 But we still have a lot more to do. 1001 01:08:35,441 --> 01:08:36,492 Come. 1002 01:08:36,589 --> 01:08:39,158 The gentleman who sold me this paper 1003 01:08:39,536 --> 01:08:41,617 thinks we are a nation of blue skies 1004 01:08:41,652 --> 01:08:44,593 and happy Black people, no doubt. 1005 01:08:44,670 --> 01:08:45,835 Oliver, you have to understand 1006 01:08:45,932 --> 01:08:47,939 all the images coming out of South Africa 1007 01:08:47,974 --> 01:08:51,847 feature wonderful wild animals and sunsets, 1008 01:08:51,882 --> 01:08:54,889 and Tarzan's loyal natives. 1009 01:08:54,924 --> 01:08:58,318 It's hard to believe the propaganda has been so effective. 1010 01:08:58,534 --> 01:09:01,519 The government's campaign has been quite successful... 1011 01:09:01,554 --> 01:09:03,458 selling racial separation through art, 1012 01:09:03,493 --> 01:09:06,157 politics, even sports, 1013 01:09:06,358 --> 01:09:09,084 and they promote that message internationally, as well. 1014 01:09:10,461 --> 01:09:13,157 Do you have that list of embassies I asked for? 1015 01:09:14,522 --> 01:09:18,249 And I think I should talk to trade unions and members of parliament, as well. 1016 01:09:23,871 --> 01:09:26,778 So, what are you saying, Deputy Prime Minister? 1017 01:09:26,867 --> 01:09:30,637 In the past few weeks, we have put 19,000 people in prison. 1018 01:09:30,721 --> 01:09:31,888 When does it stop? 1019 01:09:32,005 --> 01:09:34,788 This separate development of the apartheid model 1020 01:09:34,823 --> 01:09:38,046 is not the right path for our country anymore. 1021 01:09:40,023 --> 01:09:42,169 Our duty is to remain consistent with the policies 1022 01:09:42,204 --> 01:09:44,642 of this government in this time of crisis. 1023 01:09:44,697 --> 01:09:47,490 The international community is turning on us. 1024 01:09:47,525 --> 01:09:50,600 You saw how critical the British PM was when he visited us here, 1025 01:09:50,663 --> 01:09:52,671 and now the Americans are speaking out, 1026 01:09:52,706 --> 01:09:55,067 and with the Asian and African countries joining in, 1027 01:09:55,102 --> 01:09:57,071 we risk isolation. 1028 01:09:57,689 --> 01:10:00,514 There's talk of economic pressure, sanctions. 1029 01:10:00,549 --> 01:10:03,715 Paul, you cannot build domestic policies based on fear. 1030 01:10:04,067 --> 01:10:07,353 It's all well and good listening to these people from abroad, 1031 01:10:07,452 --> 01:10:08,781 but they do not live here. 1032 01:10:08,816 --> 01:10:11,388 This is not fear, it's pragmatism. 1033 01:10:11,435 --> 01:10:14,961 We have to see where this is all heading. 1034 01:10:15,188 --> 01:10:16,791 Now, as acting prime minister, 1035 01:10:16,893 --> 01:10:20,367 I have a duty to every living soul in this country, 1036 01:10:20,444 --> 01:10:22,312 not just the Whites. 1037 01:10:44,321 --> 01:10:46,034 Wonderful to see you alive. 1038 01:10:46,134 --> 01:10:48,537 As some say, "it's a sign from above." 1039 01:10:48,637 --> 01:10:49,806 Have a seat. 1040 01:11:02,350 --> 01:11:06,654 I understand you recently made some remarks to the effect 1041 01:11:06,689 --> 01:11:11,383 that we might need to reconsider our policy 1042 01:11:11,418 --> 01:11:13,833 about separate development, 1043 01:11:13,935 --> 01:11:17,766 and that apartheid may not be the path we should take. 1044 01:11:17,866 --> 01:11:19,326 I must tell you... 1045 01:11:19,414 --> 01:11:24,866 at this time, it is more necessary than ever 1046 01:11:24,901 --> 01:11:27,742 to keep the races apart. 1047 01:11:27,843 --> 01:11:29,211 Do you understand me? 1048 01:11:29,311 --> 01:11:31,483 Of course. Forgive me, Prime Minister. 1049 01:11:33,051 --> 01:11:35,542 This treason trial, what is the information? 1050 01:11:35,577 --> 01:11:38,254 The accused have begun to defend themselves. 1051 01:11:38,353 --> 01:11:41,923 They all question each other endlessly about everything. 1052 01:11:41,996 --> 01:11:44,299 It's a delay tactic. 1053 01:11:44,472 --> 01:11:47,376 Will we get the verdict before the end of the year? 1054 01:11:47,638 --> 01:11:49,171 At this rate, Prime Minister, 1055 01:11:49,257 --> 01:11:51,800 we won't get a verdict before the end of the century. 1056 01:11:51,947 --> 01:11:53,257 Let them delay. 1057 01:11:55,615 --> 01:11:57,685 Let them put the court to sleep. 1058 01:11:59,121 --> 01:12:03,159 We have a referendum to win an election in October. 1059 01:12:03,418 --> 01:12:05,601 And by then, everything must be back to normal. 1060 01:12:05,663 --> 01:12:09,116 People won't vote for a republic at war with them. 1061 01:12:09,252 --> 01:12:11,187 We must be in control. 1062 01:12:11,966 --> 01:12:13,467 We must be in control. 1063 01:12:16,892 --> 01:12:17,811 Good news. 1064 01:12:17,846 --> 01:12:19,693 The state of emergency has been lifted. 1065 01:12:19,728 --> 01:12:21,363 Peace and harmony. 1066 01:12:23,370 --> 01:12:26,067 Just in time for the National Party's vote. 1067 01:12:26,275 --> 01:12:27,763 And the government agreed to let you out of here 1068 01:12:27,798 --> 01:12:30,525 on weekends to close up the affairs of your law office. 1069 01:12:30,560 --> 01:12:33,144 This whole thing is beginning to feel like... 1070 01:12:33,539 --> 01:12:36,413 "Alice in Wonderland" written by Franz Kafka. 1071 01:12:37,745 --> 01:12:39,480 Do I get to sleep at home, too? 1072 01:12:39,580 --> 01:12:43,284 No, you have to spend the night in prison in Joburg. 1073 01:12:43,438 --> 01:12:46,776 But, uh, don't forget to look into the window 1074 01:12:46,821 --> 01:12:48,850 of the shop next to your office. 1075 01:13:05,590 --> 01:13:06,942 _ 1076 01:13:18,387 --> 01:13:20,254 You know that lady, Mr. Mandela? 1077 01:13:22,891 --> 01:13:25,558 Yes, that is my wife and daughter. 1078 01:13:29,964 --> 01:13:32,166 Um... 1079 01:13:32,256 --> 01:13:34,870 I'd better go to your office to open the door. 1080 01:13:36,004 --> 01:13:38,339 Check if it's safe for you to go inside. 1081 01:13:42,387 --> 01:13:44,446 That is, if you'll trust me with your key. 1082 01:13:58,861 --> 01:14:01,764 How did you know? 1083 01:14:01,863 --> 01:14:04,465 I got word that you'd be here. 1084 01:14:04,764 --> 01:14:07,600 I thought it was worth taking a chance... 1085 01:14:07,635 --> 01:14:09,800 just to wait and see if I could see you. 1086 01:14:12,174 --> 01:14:14,758 There is someone else waiting for you, too. 1087 01:14:18,113 --> 01:14:21,115 No. 1088 01:14:23,853 --> 01:14:25,855 Darling... 1089 01:14:25,955 --> 01:14:27,822 I am due at the end of the year. 1090 01:14:27,857 --> 01:14:29,360 That is wonderful. 1091 01:14:31,637 --> 01:14:33,940 What? 1092 01:14:33,975 --> 01:14:37,098 I wonder if you'll ever be able to hold our new baby. 1093 01:14:37,290 --> 01:14:39,012 The verdict may be in soon. 1094 01:14:39,047 --> 01:14:41,308 They have yet to prove their case. 1095 01:14:41,343 --> 01:14:43,327 You see, it's impossible to as we live in the rule of law. 1096 01:14:43,362 --> 01:14:45,532 You don't have to be positive with me. 1097 01:14:49,654 --> 01:14:51,688 Nelson, you should run. 1098 01:14:51,946 --> 01:14:53,081 Now. 1099 01:14:53,271 --> 01:14:55,515 The ANC will look after you. 1100 01:14:55,612 --> 01:14:58,165 We can move abroad like Oliver and Adelaide. 1101 01:14:58,591 --> 01:15:00,760 I will not try to run, my love, 1102 01:15:00,830 --> 01:15:03,224 I will not try to escape. 1103 01:15:03,428 --> 01:15:06,027 I gave that sergeant my word. 1104 01:15:06,172 --> 01:15:08,409 He trusts me. 1105 01:15:11,265 --> 01:15:15,071 You see, this is why I love you. 1106 01:15:22,694 --> 01:15:25,196 Pomp and circumstance abound 1107 01:15:25,231 --> 01:15:29,566 in Pretoria as large crowds gather to welcome dignitaries 1108 01:15:29,601 --> 01:15:32,661 for a celebration of South Africa's independence 1109 01:15:32,696 --> 01:15:34,465 from the United Kingdom. 1110 01:15:36,826 --> 01:15:40,546 Congratulations, gentlemen, to our new republic, 1111 01:15:41,563 --> 01:15:44,700 free of interference from the British Commonwealth, 1112 01:15:44,800 --> 01:15:48,803 the Queen and Macmillan's "Wind of Change." 1113 01:15:48,965 --> 01:15:54,068 God bless our Republic of South Africa! 1114 01:15:54,103 --> 01:15:55,793 The Republic of South Africa! 1115 01:16:01,916 --> 01:16:06,403 The final hours before the verdict were the longest. 1116 01:16:07,244 --> 01:16:10,582 After all this time, 1117 01:16:10,760 --> 01:16:13,863 after all our struggles, 1118 01:16:14,027 --> 01:16:19,766 my heart was full of fear and doubt. 1119 01:16:19,801 --> 01:16:23,471 What will become of me... 1120 01:16:23,572 --> 01:16:26,142 my family... 1121 01:16:26,593 --> 01:16:28,428 my country? 1122 01:16:39,516 --> 01:16:43,316 You know, all those years ago, when we first met, 1123 01:16:43,398 --> 01:16:44,571 I said to myself, 1124 01:16:44,660 --> 01:16:49,118 "This young man is a Godsend." 1125 01:16:49,205 --> 01:16:52,342 Whatever happens in this trial now, 1126 01:16:52,435 --> 01:16:57,139 I know that one day you will be our leader. 1127 01:16:57,253 --> 01:16:58,875 Thank you, Walter. 1128 01:17:01,824 --> 01:17:03,144 Silence in the court. 1129 01:17:03,245 --> 01:17:04,573 All rise. 1130 01:17:18,493 --> 01:17:24,767 The verdict in this trial for treason is as follows: 1131 01:17:24,867 --> 01:17:29,404 "We the judges accept that the African National Congress 1132 01:17:29,543 --> 01:17:32,634 "has been working to replace the government of South Africa 1133 01:17:32,669 --> 01:17:36,840 "with a radically-different form of state. 1134 01:17:37,015 --> 01:17:41,811 "We also accept that the ANC used illegal means of protest. 1135 01:17:43,214 --> 01:17:47,382 "Finally, we accept that the movement has a strong 1136 01:17:47,417 --> 01:17:49,498 "left-wing tendency, 1137 01:17:49,533 --> 01:17:54,055 "which is both anti-west and pro-Soviet. 1138 01:17:55,229 --> 01:17:58,666 "On the evidence presented to the court, however, 1139 01:17:58,768 --> 01:18:01,535 "it is impossible for us to accept that the ANC 1140 01:18:01,570 --> 01:18:06,750 "is, in itself, a Communist organization. 1141 01:18:07,462 --> 01:18:13,347 "But the crux of this trial is, and has always been, 1142 01:18:13,382 --> 01:18:15,417 "this question: 1143 01:18:15,566 --> 01:18:18,281 "Have these members of the ANC before the court 1144 01:18:18,316 --> 01:18:21,230 "been attempting to overthrow the State of South Africa 1145 01:18:21,271 --> 01:18:23,573 "by violent means? 1146 01:18:23,737 --> 01:18:27,708 "The judges find, unanimously, 1147 01:18:27,848 --> 01:18:29,796 that the prosecution has failed..." 1148 01:18:29,831 --> 01:18:32,235 "...to make this case. 1149 01:18:32,335 --> 01:18:37,473 "We, therefore, find all the accused... 1150 01:18:37,572 --> 01:18:41,080 Not Guilty." 1151 01:18:41,115 --> 01:18:43,017 Yes! 1152 01:19:14,773 --> 01:19:16,475 They could re-arrest you at any moment. 1153 01:19:16,510 --> 01:19:18,114 We need to move you. 1154 01:19:18,149 --> 01:19:19,411 I have to go. 1155 01:19:19,520 --> 01:19:21,965 We will see each other again soon. 1156 01:19:38,652 --> 01:19:40,786 Where are they taking him, Mrs. Mandela? 1157 01:19:43,366 --> 01:19:44,634 I wish I knew. 1158 01:19:44,718 --> 01:19:46,720 Oh, don't you worry, Mrs. Mandela, 1159 01:19:46,954 --> 01:19:48,540 we'll find him for you. 1160 01:19:58,310 --> 01:20:03,310 Sync and corrections by explosiveskull www.addic7ed.com 83761

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