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Sync and corrections by explosiveskull
www.addic7ed.com
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"Hail to Mandela!"
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Mr. Mandela, what about the
housing in the townships?
4
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How do we know you can maintain
law and order, Mr. Mandela?
5
00:01:58,387 --> 00:02:01,049
Did you ever think you'd live
to see this day, Mr. Mandela?
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I would like a few
moments to myself, please.
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Certainly, Mr. Mandela.
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Please. Thank you. Thank you.
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"Hail, Mr. Mandela"
10
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I have been called many things in my life.
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But, perhaps, they got it
most right the first time...
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"Rolihlahla."
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That was the name my parents gave to me
14
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when I was born back in Qunu.
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_
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It means "troublemaker."
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Rolihlahla!
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Sir, I give you this child.
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He is progressing well.
20
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I am entrusting him to you...
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so that you will educate him,
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so that you'll give him
a life that we cannot.
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My father's dying wish
24
00:05:01,439 --> 00:05:03,942
changed the course of my life.
25
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He wanted me to live an educated life,
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to make a difference for our people.
27
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I promised myself I would honor his wish,
28
00:05:16,025 --> 00:05:21,597
and I knew that meant my life
would now have a new beginning.
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00:06:41,910 --> 00:06:44,578
Welcome, Rolihlahla.
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This will be your family.
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00:06:46,231 --> 00:06:48,256
I missed my own family.
32
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I missed home.
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00:06:49,787 --> 00:06:53,327
But now I had a new brother named Justice.
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00:06:59,277 --> 00:07:01,386
One of our favorite pastimes
35
00:07:01,449 --> 00:07:02,786
was stick fighting...
36
00:07:02,821 --> 00:07:04,472
one stick on the left hand,
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to parry the blows from the other.
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00:07:06,785 --> 00:07:08,321
And then, in the right hand,
39
00:07:08,356 --> 00:07:09,785
a stick to hit with.
40
00:07:12,562 --> 00:07:15,831
I never lost the lessons
learned with those two sticks,
41
00:07:15,993 --> 00:07:18,330
even when I later took up boxing.
42
00:07:18,429 --> 00:07:22,167
To defeat an opponent
was instilled in me early.
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00:07:22,267 --> 00:07:24,770
It was something that stuck with me.
44
00:07:24,870 --> 00:07:27,987
However, I did lose my Xhosa name.
45
00:07:31,992 --> 00:07:34,434
And what is your name?
46
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Rolihlahla.
47
00:07:36,114 --> 00:07:38,564
No, I don't want that one.
48
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You must have a Christian name.
49
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From now on, you will be known as "Nelson."
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_
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00:07:59,348 --> 00:08:00,430
Where I grew up,
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at King's Court, there
were elders all around...
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thinking, competing, leading.
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From them I learned about
the history of my people,
55
00:08:11,943 --> 00:08:14,776
and the battles they
fought in the olden times,
56
00:08:14,830 --> 00:08:18,413
a series of wars over 100 years,
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our people, fighting with spears,
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against the gunpowder of the White man.
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00:08:22,930 --> 00:08:25,504
I was impressed and inspired,
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00:08:25,551 --> 00:08:29,253
hearing about the bravery
of our traditional leaders.
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00:08:35,179 --> 00:08:39,449
The way the Xhosa people
transition from boy to man
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is a vital rite of passage in my culture.
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How you handle the operation
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is a matter of grave importance and pride.
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I'm a man!
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I'm a man!
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I'm a man.
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I'm a man!
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It still holds some shame for me
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that I was not as strong as the other boys.
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It stuck in my mind that
I wanted to do better...
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00:09:25,402 --> 00:09:27,417
to prove myself worthy.
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You have buried your childhood.
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You have entered now the phase of a man.
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00:09:34,569 --> 00:09:38,437
There are those who are
going to go back to school.
76
00:09:38,536 --> 00:09:41,872
But they will be nobody in this country
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because of the policy of the White man.
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00:09:45,744 --> 00:09:49,019
There will be soldiers
who never will be able
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00:09:49,054 --> 00:09:52,757
to fight for the freedom
of their people because...
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00:09:52,983 --> 00:09:56,349
they will have no guns.
81
00:09:56,384 --> 00:09:58,287
Nevertheless,
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00:09:58,510 --> 00:10:02,580
we expect that now that you are men,
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you will fight for the
liberation of your people.
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00:10:14,501 --> 00:10:18,072
These are good young men, both of them.
85
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And these are good young women.
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00:10:21,355 --> 00:10:25,933
Both Justice and Nelson
are university educated.
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And, when the time comes,
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they'll be in charge of the village.
89
00:10:29,798 --> 00:10:32,421
Then they'll both need wonderful wives
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00:10:32,456 --> 00:10:34,479
who'll cook and take care of them.
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00:10:34,514 --> 00:10:36,746
You can look at each other.
92
00:10:36,910 --> 00:10:39,715
Of course. My daughters
don't bite, you know?
93
00:10:39,750 --> 00:10:41,972
So, if there's nothing more to discuss,
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00:10:42,007 --> 00:10:43,447
let's shake hands and wish them
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00:10:43,482 --> 00:10:47,489
long, happy, healthy lives.
96
00:10:47,589 --> 00:10:50,026
I suppose that's it, then.
97
00:10:50,061 --> 00:10:51,863
Speak for yourself.
98
00:10:55,977 --> 00:10:57,865
Selling father's cow is a bad idea.
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He is going to be so mad.
100
00:10:59,146 --> 00:11:01,403
I promise I'll pay him back one day.
101
00:11:01,489 --> 00:11:02,605
But if we don't leave now,
102
00:11:02,671 --> 00:11:05,307
we'll be stuck in a future
someone else chooses for us.
103
00:11:06,074 --> 00:11:07,457
Nelson, we can't do this.
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00:11:07,492 --> 00:11:09,160
Fine. Go back.
105
00:11:10,522 --> 00:11:12,536
Say hello to your wife for me.
106
00:11:13,817 --> 00:11:15,382
Nelson!
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00:11:21,815 --> 00:11:23,223
- Johannesburg?
- Yes.
108
00:11:23,273 --> 00:11:24,765
And what are you going to do there?
109
00:11:24,800 --> 00:11:27,737
Oh, you know... steal
some cows and cause mayhem.
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00:11:28,771 --> 00:11:30,268
Have you had your passes stamped?
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00:11:30,384 --> 00:11:32,219
No...
112
00:11:32,433 --> 00:11:34,968
Can we have our tickets, please?
113
00:11:35,003 --> 00:11:36,037
Why not?
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00:11:36,113 --> 00:11:37,482
I've been asked to look out for two boys
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00:11:37,560 --> 00:11:40,073
who are trying to leave,
and if they come here,
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00:11:40,108 --> 00:11:41,728
I should not sell them a ticket.
117
00:11:41,828 --> 00:11:45,145
In fact, I should inform
the Chief immediately.
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We're not boys.
119
00:11:52,254 --> 00:11:53,522
Well, we tried.
120
00:11:53,544 --> 00:11:55,679
Maybe we should go buy father's cow back.
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00:12:31,633 --> 00:12:33,645
_
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00:12:45,831 --> 00:12:47,672
We're here. This is Jo', mate.
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It's big, huh, and noisy.
124
00:12:52,097 --> 00:12:53,966
Hey, I'm famished.
125
00:12:55,245 --> 00:12:57,240
- Hey, stop eating my stuff!
- Hey.
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00:13:00,718 --> 00:13:02,690
Did you know those kids?
127
00:13:02,725 --> 00:13:04,625
This your first day in the city?
128
00:13:04,786 --> 00:13:06,961
Yeah.
129
00:13:07,061 --> 00:13:09,025
Don't forget who you are.
130
00:13:09,060 --> 00:13:11,267
Here it's tougher.
131
00:13:11,510 --> 00:13:13,677
Do you know where we can
find work and a place to stay?
132
00:13:13,712 --> 00:13:16,426
The gold mines are the only
place for you around here.
133
00:13:18,252 --> 00:13:19,817
That's where they're going.
134
00:13:20,900 --> 00:13:22,535
- I see.
- Thank you.
135
00:13:27,504 --> 00:13:28,859
Work team six,
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00:13:28,894 --> 00:13:30,696
- _
- report to the elevators.
137
00:13:30,951 --> 00:13:34,241
Work team six, report to the elevators.
138
00:13:38,455 --> 00:13:40,033
On your feet!
139
00:13:40,068 --> 00:13:41,599
Sorry, boss, one minute, please.
140
00:13:41,688 --> 00:13:42,717
I said, on your feet!
141
00:13:42,752 --> 00:13:43,560
One minute, boss.
142
00:13:43,595 --> 00:13:45,214
I didn't say you could take a break.
143
00:13:45,249 --> 00:13:46,847
Sorry, sorry, boss, sorry.
144
00:13:46,920 --> 00:13:50,170
Who said you could take a break, lazy scum!
145
00:14:16,197 --> 00:14:18,015
Justice, you won't
believe what happened today
146
00:14:18,067 --> 00:14:20,482
to this poor man who was taking
a minute to clear his throat.
147
00:14:20,517 --> 00:14:22,042
He was beaten and there was
nothing I could do about it.
148
00:14:22,077 --> 00:14:25,237
Nelson, father has died.
149
00:14:40,475 --> 00:14:41,875
They need me at home now.
150
00:14:41,910 --> 00:14:43,421
What about Johannesburg?
151
00:14:43,456 --> 00:14:44,926
It hasn't been a year yet.
152
00:14:45,027 --> 00:14:47,229
You never got the chance
to start a life yet.
153
00:14:47,329 --> 00:14:50,699
You know father never wanted us to go.
154
00:14:50,864 --> 00:14:53,334
I owe him so much.
155
00:14:53,435 --> 00:14:54,515
Maybe I should stay there, too.
156
00:14:54,550 --> 00:14:58,205
No, he wanted you to study law.
157
00:14:58,306 --> 00:15:00,242
There are no Black lawyers here.
158
00:15:00,407 --> 00:15:02,323
You can make lots of money,
159
00:15:02,358 --> 00:15:04,675
marry a beautiful wife, children.
160
00:15:05,738 --> 00:15:09,207
This place suits you more than me.
161
00:15:09,417 --> 00:15:11,604
It sounds like you're trying
to get rid of me, my brother.
162
00:15:11,639 --> 00:15:14,741
Not at all.
163
00:15:14,949 --> 00:15:17,352
If I could hold on to you,
164
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I would.
165
00:15:19,713 --> 00:15:22,498
I don't know how to explain it yet,
166
00:15:22,717 --> 00:15:26,255
but I feel like there's
something here for me.
167
00:15:26,534 --> 00:15:28,403
I hope you find what you're looking for.
168
00:15:39,824 --> 00:15:41,471
The injustices I saw
169
00:15:41,506 --> 00:15:46,252
at the mines were a reminder
of my father's wishes for me.
170
00:15:46,287 --> 00:15:49,375
I went to university and got my law degree,
171
00:15:49,476 --> 00:15:53,404
and now it was time to find its purpose.
172
00:15:53,439 --> 00:15:55,007
Evening, Nelson.
173
00:16:01,042 --> 00:16:03,152
And they opposed these recommendations
174
00:16:03,187 --> 00:16:05,608
for fair treatment without negotiation,
175
00:16:05,737 --> 00:16:07,158
without a discussion,
176
00:16:07,193 --> 00:16:09,628
and we are just expected
to say, "Yes, boss!"?
177
00:16:09,728 --> 00:16:11,343
No!
178
00:16:11,419 --> 00:16:13,768
The miners' strike didn't begin today.
179
00:16:13,803 --> 00:16:16,281
Over 30 years ago, 200,000 miners...
180
00:16:16,339 --> 00:16:18,795
Nelson Mandela.
181
00:16:18,830 --> 00:16:20,519
I've seen you at these meetings for months
182
00:16:20,554 --> 00:16:23,142
and I couldn't place why I knew your face.
183
00:16:23,177 --> 00:16:25,412
And just now I got it.
184
00:16:25,577 --> 00:16:29,764
Oliver Tambo, Fort Hare University.
185
00:16:29,823 --> 00:16:31,207
They kicked you out, right?
186
00:16:31,311 --> 00:16:33,985
It was my decision...
a matter of principle.
187
00:16:34,020 --> 00:16:35,007
You know that place.
188
00:16:35,042 --> 00:16:38,082
Well, they kicked me out,
too, for organizing a boycott
189
00:16:38,182 --> 00:16:39,617
the day after you left.
190
00:16:39,652 --> 00:16:41,150
Yeah, yeah, you look familiar.
191
00:16:43,164 --> 00:16:44,665
No, I don't.
192
00:16:44,953 --> 00:16:47,722
It's okay. I have a
pretty forgettable face.
193
00:16:47,921 --> 00:16:50,123
It's why I got these glasses.
194
00:16:50,236 --> 00:16:52,648
I really think they give
me an identity, don't you?
195
00:16:52,709 --> 00:16:54,485
So many of us have come together,
196
00:16:54,520 --> 00:16:55,640
from our villages.
197
00:16:57,663 --> 00:16:59,649
We must organize the workers,
198
00:16:59,728 --> 00:17:01,562
draw up new programs of action.
199
00:17:01,597 --> 00:17:03,857
Strikes! Defiance!
200
00:17:09,204 --> 00:17:12,272
Do you want to meet my
friend Walter Sisulu?
201
00:17:12,437 --> 00:17:15,494
He is starting up a new
youth wing of the ANC.
202
00:17:27,167 --> 00:17:28,906
I am amazed.
203
00:17:28,941 --> 00:17:30,654
We are in the majority in this country,
204
00:17:30,735 --> 00:17:34,071
and we still have to hide to
enjoy each other's company.
205
00:17:34,215 --> 00:17:35,787
What is your education, Nelson?
206
00:17:35,830 --> 00:17:37,505
I was at Fort Hare, like Oliver,
207
00:17:37,540 --> 00:17:38,638
studying to be a lawyer.
208
00:17:38,673 --> 00:17:41,535
We have had to postpone our law studies.
209
00:17:41,640 --> 00:17:43,855
Briefly, that is.
210
00:17:43,937 --> 00:17:46,783
It sounds mysterious. Do elaborate.
211
00:17:46,992 --> 00:17:50,226
I was one of six students at
the University of Fort Hare
212
00:17:50,261 --> 00:17:52,077
who was running for leader in an election
213
00:17:52,119 --> 00:17:53,987
that was, uh...
214
00:17:54,167 --> 00:17:56,336
being improperly conducted.
215
00:17:57,703 --> 00:18:00,440
It was put to me that I should go along
216
00:18:00,475 --> 00:18:02,703
with the corrupt process or leave.
217
00:18:02,738 --> 00:18:05,708
A bit of a troublemaker.
218
00:18:05,973 --> 00:18:09,444
So, Nelson, what do you say?
219
00:18:09,615 --> 00:18:12,328
The African National Congress
needs educated people,
220
00:18:12,398 --> 00:18:14,300
especially lawyers.
221
00:18:18,159 --> 00:18:19,923
Where do I sign up?
222
00:18:22,695 --> 00:18:24,590
- Cheers!
- Yes.
223
00:18:25,833 --> 00:18:29,310
I had found a new home in the ANC,
224
00:18:29,345 --> 00:18:32,887
and right away, I had
my first taste of action.
225
00:18:32,922 --> 00:18:34,134
_
226
00:18:48,088 --> 00:18:50,154
I push through like that,
227
00:18:50,189 --> 00:18:51,823
and when my opponent is open, I go...
228
00:18:51,858 --> 00:18:53,793
Eeee!
229
00:18:53,892 --> 00:18:56,359
I'll take a better one. I
see he's revved up for that.
230
00:18:56,394 --> 00:18:58,364
I told you he was a fighter.
231
00:18:58,465 --> 00:19:01,334
So, just because I wasn't
born in the ghetto like you
232
00:19:01,396 --> 00:19:03,934
I have no right to comment on
the impoverished man or woman.
233
00:19:03,969 --> 00:19:05,926
Yeah, maybe that's what I'm saying.
234
00:19:07,240 --> 00:19:09,949
Well, then, you're a bloody
bourgeois and an elitist, too, Joe.
235
00:19:10,013 --> 00:19:12,504
It takes one to know one.
236
00:19:12,539 --> 00:19:16,013
What? You've never seen two Communists
fight before? It can get ugly.
237
00:19:16,095 --> 00:19:17,485
Yes, I can see that.
238
00:19:17,555 --> 00:19:19,269
Nelson, you know Ruth First.
239
00:19:19,304 --> 00:19:20,285
From the university.
240
00:19:20,385 --> 00:19:22,583
One of the sharpest minds I've ever met.
241
00:19:22,618 --> 00:19:24,457
Flatterer.
242
00:19:24,557 --> 00:19:27,149
Be careful, Joe's got his
sights set on this one.
243
00:19:27,184 --> 00:19:28,963
You know, you don't want to mess with him.
244
00:19:29,041 --> 00:19:32,328
He lied about his age so he could
fight the Nazis in World War II.
245
00:19:32,363 --> 00:19:34,885
Yeah, I couldn't wait
to get my hands on them.
246
00:19:38,370 --> 00:19:40,138
- Hey, Kathi.
- Hey, Nelson.
247
00:19:40,173 --> 00:19:42,849
- Have you seen Walter?
- Walt...
248
00:19:42,884 --> 00:19:44,734
Yeah, there he is.
249
00:19:44,769 --> 00:19:48,113
It looks like he's engaged
in a fair fight for a change.
250
00:19:48,356 --> 00:19:51,214
The only credible response to the
struggle of Black nationalism...
251
00:19:51,266 --> 00:19:53,134
That is the only way that we can fight it.
252
00:19:53,169 --> 00:19:55,700
Communism does not translate
into the ethical problems.
253
00:19:55,735 --> 00:19:58,026
If we want Black nationalism,
254
00:19:58,061 --> 00:20:00,438
then we first understand
Afrikaner nationalism.
255
00:20:00,473 --> 00:20:01,669
My people aren't monsters.
256
00:20:01,704 --> 00:20:03,749
They've just suffered
and they feel vulnerable.
257
00:20:03,784 --> 00:20:04,836
We're in the minority here.
258
00:20:04,871 --> 00:20:06,592
If your people have suffered so much,
259
00:20:06,627 --> 00:20:08,277
why are you not on their side?
260
00:20:08,312 --> 00:20:10,747
Because my people are wrong.
261
00:20:10,905 --> 00:20:12,497
I don't agree with the
prime minister on that.
262
00:20:12,545 --> 00:20:15,415
Not a lot of people challenge
him and live to tell about it.
263
00:20:18,619 --> 00:20:20,488
Uh, Evelyn?
264
00:20:21,849 --> 00:20:24,385
Uh, Nelson, this is Evelyn, my cousin.
265
00:20:24,470 --> 00:20:26,739
Evelyn, this is Nelson.
266
00:20:26,939 --> 00:20:29,925
He's going to help us change the world.
267
00:20:32,055 --> 00:20:33,490
Hello, Nelson.
268
00:20:34,504 --> 00:20:35,906
Hello, Evelyn.
269
00:20:38,045 --> 00:20:40,180
Would you care to dance?
270
00:20:40,312 --> 00:20:41,373
Sure.
271
00:21:08,926 --> 00:21:10,528
Have fun, Nelson.
272
00:21:25,008 --> 00:21:26,310
What's that?
273
00:21:26,434 --> 00:21:29,109
I bought it to commemorate this moment.
274
00:21:29,144 --> 00:21:30,345
You don't like it?
275
00:21:30,380 --> 00:21:31,661
I love it. I just...
276
00:21:31,739 --> 00:21:33,390
I didn't realize you were such a romantic.
277
00:21:33,425 --> 00:21:35,810
Mm-hm. You didn't, huh?
278
00:21:35,915 --> 00:21:36,944
Come here!
279
00:21:36,979 --> 00:21:40,602
Come here!
280
00:21:40,658 --> 00:21:43,329
Yes!
281
00:21:54,319 --> 00:21:55,959
_
282
00:21:56,439 --> 00:21:59,594
Did you resist the
police officer in any way?
283
00:21:59,681 --> 00:22:02,043
Resist? I didn't get a chance to.
284
00:22:02,080 --> 00:22:04,530
They had me on the
ground battered and bloody
285
00:22:04,565 --> 00:22:06,875
before I even knew where
they were taking me.
286
00:22:06,932 --> 00:22:07,715
I see.
287
00:22:07,780 --> 00:22:10,430
Can you tell me... were there any witnesses
288
00:22:10,498 --> 00:22:12,401
to this altercation?
289
00:22:12,524 --> 00:22:15,227
What would it matter if anyone did see?
290
00:22:15,328 --> 00:22:17,102
If they're White, they don't help.
291
00:22:17,161 --> 00:22:18,895
If they're not White...
292
00:22:19,255 --> 00:22:21,641
What laws are there to protect us?
293
00:22:21,676 --> 00:22:24,736
We are still going to
try and present a case.
294
00:22:24,790 --> 00:22:25,957
Why?
295
00:22:26,253 --> 00:22:28,264
I may as well be sent to jail.
296
00:22:28,299 --> 00:22:30,331
I have about as much control over my life
297
00:22:30,417 --> 00:22:32,140
out here as I would in there.
298
00:22:32,210 --> 00:22:35,510
Do you think I should waste
my time trying to fight it?
299
00:22:36,808 --> 00:22:39,951
It was getting worse...
300
00:22:40,051 --> 00:22:41,453
the injustice.
301
00:22:45,472 --> 00:22:46,380
_
302
00:22:46,415 --> 00:22:49,615
It was a time of fear...
303
00:22:49,762 --> 00:22:52,697
of frustration...
304
00:22:52,868 --> 00:22:54,904
a time of anger.
305
00:22:57,299 --> 00:23:00,962
My friends at the mine
had finally had enough.
306
00:23:40,798 --> 00:23:42,999
Halt! Stop where you are!
307
00:23:45,202 --> 00:23:48,070
I said, stop where you are!
308
00:23:50,186 --> 00:23:52,743
Stop! Or we'll have to stop you!
309
00:24:01,706 --> 00:24:03,875
Move!
310
00:24:55,987 --> 00:24:58,665
I had never before seen such hate,
311
00:24:58,700 --> 00:25:00,577
violence and bloodshed.
312
00:25:01,185 --> 00:25:03,708
As I walked amongst the dead bodies,
313
00:25:03,802 --> 00:25:06,584
I knew there was no turning back.
314
00:25:09,796 --> 00:25:14,746
For me, the anti apartheid
movement was born on that day.
315
00:25:17,113 --> 00:25:20,063
Deliver this son of Africa to God.
316
00:25:20,515 --> 00:25:22,332
Give us peace.
317
00:25:26,544 --> 00:25:28,661
- Father Huddleston.
- Yes.
318
00:25:36,981 --> 00:25:40,178
I pray every day for our leaders
319
00:25:40,295 --> 00:25:42,623
in this fight for our liberation.
320
00:25:44,042 --> 00:25:47,557
We are grateful for our
spiritual protectors.
321
00:25:48,023 --> 00:25:49,632
Thank you, Father.
322
00:25:58,441 --> 00:26:00,124
They are killing us...
323
00:26:00,159 --> 00:26:01,815
our brothers and sisters.
324
00:26:01,850 --> 00:26:05,131
We are all frustrated,
but we must not lose heart.
325
00:26:05,166 --> 00:26:07,201
We are gaining attention and sympathy
326
00:26:07,236 --> 00:26:09,214
for our defiance campaign the world around.
327
00:26:09,249 --> 00:26:11,043
- We have to stay the course.
- Mm-hm.
328
00:26:11,078 --> 00:26:12,915
Staying the course is not enough.
329
00:26:12,993 --> 00:26:15,667
Yes, we are gaining
international attention,
330
00:26:15,702 --> 00:26:17,852
but one by one, we are losing our people.
331
00:26:17,915 --> 00:26:20,061
One by one, they are being sent to jail,
332
00:26:20,096 --> 00:26:23,492
and those that aren't,
are losing faith with us.
333
00:26:23,736 --> 00:26:26,329
With all due respect, Chief Lithuli,
334
00:26:26,547 --> 00:26:29,697
you are a great president for the ANC.
335
00:26:29,880 --> 00:26:32,712
But we strongly feel we need to do more.
336
00:26:32,747 --> 00:26:34,972
But is there more that we can do?
337
00:26:35,007 --> 00:26:37,048
We are holding rallies in our own country
338
00:26:37,118 --> 00:26:38,646
where hundreds of people turn out.
339
00:26:38,681 --> 00:26:40,777
Hundreds of people won't change anything.
340
00:26:40,877 --> 00:26:42,745
We need thousands of
people to turn up, huh?
341
00:26:42,846 --> 00:26:44,385
We are building to that.
342
00:26:44,463 --> 00:26:47,650
But Nelson and Oliver's point is that
343
00:26:47,750 --> 00:26:49,952
we don't have the time to build into it.
344
00:26:50,279 --> 00:26:53,624
We need to reach out to the people now.
345
00:26:56,011 --> 00:26:57,792
What do you suggest?
346
00:26:57,965 --> 00:27:02,862
Why do people ignore
activism, movements, politics?
347
00:27:02,940 --> 00:27:05,922
Because they feel that they, as one person,
348
00:27:05,992 --> 00:27:08,395
have no power, no voice.
349
00:27:08,442 --> 00:27:10,392
This is why they feel
they will never be heard.
350
00:27:10,427 --> 00:27:12,915
We must make them feel
that they are being heard.
351
00:27:13,009 --> 00:27:15,501
Make them feel that if they support us,
352
00:27:15,536 --> 00:27:17,620
every last South African,
353
00:27:17,655 --> 00:27:19,953
from the rich, White
Afrikaner in Johannesburg,
354
00:27:20,008 --> 00:27:21,985
to the poor, Black lady in the township,
355
00:27:22,108 --> 00:27:23,911
will have a voice.
356
00:27:26,923 --> 00:27:29,026
Gentlemen...
357
00:27:30,878 --> 00:27:34,530
we need to be that voice.
358
00:27:39,936 --> 00:27:42,205
The government keeps pushing,
359
00:27:42,352 --> 00:27:43,619
and pushing,
360
00:27:43,673 --> 00:27:46,562
and pushing, but they
don't know our strength.
361
00:27:46,671 --> 00:27:49,546
They don't know the strength
of the South African people.
362
00:27:55,513 --> 00:28:00,657
You may wonder why does the
ANC refrain from violence?
363
00:28:00,855 --> 00:28:02,625
The answer is simple...
364
00:28:02,808 --> 00:28:04,328
we are not them.
365
00:28:04,661 --> 00:28:09,022
We do not practice the same
disregard for human life.
366
00:28:09,057 --> 00:28:13,548
The ANC is in the
practice of hope, of unity,
367
00:28:13,626 --> 00:28:15,713
of bringing all of Africa together.
368
00:28:15,784 --> 00:28:18,149
If we can do that,
369
00:28:18,531 --> 00:28:21,207
if we can learn to speak in one voice,
370
00:28:21,285 --> 00:28:24,317
so strong, so powerful
371
00:28:24,371 --> 00:28:26,127
that we cannot be drowned out,
372
00:28:26,162 --> 00:28:27,879
then all of their guns won't matter.
373
00:28:27,965 --> 00:28:30,290
They cannot stop us.
374
00:28:32,788 --> 00:28:35,921
Mark it on a piece of paper what you want,
375
00:28:35,956 --> 00:28:37,521
and how you want it.
376
00:28:37,556 --> 00:28:40,797
Together, we will create
the Freedom Charter.
377
00:28:40,950 --> 00:28:42,558
"All equal before the law."
378
00:28:42,600 --> 00:28:43,676
I like that.
379
00:28:43,711 --> 00:28:45,516
"All national groups
shall have equal rights."
380
00:28:45,590 --> 00:28:46,221
Right.
381
00:28:46,256 --> 00:28:48,273
"The people shall share in
the country's wealth," huh?
382
00:28:48,308 --> 00:28:49,594
"There shall be peace and friendship."
383
00:28:49,629 --> 00:28:51,606
"There shall be work and serenity."
384
00:28:52,809 --> 00:28:55,311
Well, we never expected this much response.
385
00:28:55,412 --> 00:28:57,814
The people have spoken.
386
00:28:57,913 --> 00:28:59,737
- You know, Kathi.
- Hm.
387
00:28:59,772 --> 00:29:01,548
I think Chief Lithuli is going to ask you
388
00:29:01,583 --> 00:29:04,954
to make the big speech
announcing the charter tomorrow.
389
00:29:06,522 --> 00:29:07,490
Me?
390
00:29:07,655 --> 00:29:09,766
Well, w-why would he do that?
391
00:29:09,801 --> 00:29:11,419
He wants to see if you are able to handle
392
00:29:11,454 --> 00:29:13,462
big pressure situations.
393
00:29:13,780 --> 00:29:14,989
I... I can't.
394
00:29:15,024 --> 00:29:16,165
I'll mess it up.
395
00:29:19,146 --> 00:29:21,128
No, come on, guys. That's not funny.
396
00:29:21,163 --> 00:29:22,382
I could have had a heart attack. Come on.
397
00:29:22,417 --> 00:29:23,852
What is it, Bram?
398
00:29:24,632 --> 00:29:26,422
They have just banned
the leaders of the ANC
399
00:29:26,457 --> 00:29:28,944
from being in any public event.
400
00:29:28,979 --> 00:29:30,580
How can they do that?
401
00:29:30,776 --> 00:29:34,065
Every time we gain an inch,
they change the bloody rules.
402
00:29:34,100 --> 00:29:36,140
If you attend the Congress of the People,
403
00:29:36,175 --> 00:29:38,177
you will all be arrested.
404
00:29:45,459 --> 00:29:47,661
Then let them arrest us.
405
00:29:54,630 --> 00:29:55,975
Why risk arrest?
406
00:29:56,010 --> 00:29:57,476
Nelson, why can't you come with us?
407
00:29:57,558 --> 00:29:59,202
It is the Freedom Charter, Evelyn.
408
00:29:59,237 --> 00:30:01,963
If you want to go to
church, it is your choice.
409
00:30:02,046 --> 00:30:03,638
Nelson, what about your faith?
410
00:30:03,673 --> 00:30:05,375
You don't even come to
the meetings anymore.
411
00:30:05,474 --> 00:30:07,342
I still have my faith.
412
00:30:07,442 --> 00:30:08,978
But at this moment,
413
00:30:09,077 --> 00:30:11,580
The Movement is what is
going to help our children.
414
00:30:11,681 --> 00:30:13,399
The children that you never see.
415
00:30:13,458 --> 00:30:15,461
Thembe, come here.
416
00:30:19,580 --> 00:30:22,618
I will be here when you return
from church this afternoon.
417
00:30:22,653 --> 00:30:24,587
Are you sure?
418
00:30:24,799 --> 00:30:26,434
I will try.
419
00:30:33,864 --> 00:30:36,620
What will we do, if you're arrested?
420
00:30:48,686 --> 00:30:50,880
"We, the people of South Africa,
421
00:30:50,915 --> 00:30:53,307
"declare, for all our country,
422
00:30:53,342 --> 00:30:55,745
"and the world to know,
423
00:30:56,239 --> 00:31:00,630
"that South Africa belongs
to all who live in it...
424
00:31:00,795 --> 00:31:02,629
Black and White."
425
00:31:07,668 --> 00:31:12,211
"No government can just claim authority
426
00:31:12,313 --> 00:31:16,644
unless it is based on
the will of the people."
427
00:31:20,182 --> 00:31:24,072
"And we will strive unwaveringly
428
00:31:24,107 --> 00:31:27,923
until this democratic change has been won."
429
00:31:31,590 --> 00:31:37,165
Each and every one of you is
represented in this charter.
430
00:31:40,001 --> 00:31:42,748
And we will be your voice.
431
00:31:45,942 --> 00:31:48,080
Africa!
432
00:31:48,118 --> 00:31:50,089
Africa!
433
00:31:50,135 --> 00:31:52,122
Africa!
434
00:31:52,157 --> 00:31:54,281
Ja, Africa!
435
00:31:54,316 --> 00:31:57,385
Africa!
436
00:32:32,983 --> 00:32:35,220
Today was a great day for me.
437
00:32:39,694 --> 00:32:42,498
It was supposed to be a
great day for all of us.
438
00:32:44,266 --> 00:32:47,604
I don't think you understand
what a great day for us is.
439
00:32:47,639 --> 00:32:50,705
Nelson, your children just want to see you,
440
00:32:50,806 --> 00:32:52,217
go for a walk,
441
00:32:52,287 --> 00:32:54,076
have dinner together.
442
00:32:54,175 --> 00:32:56,846
That's what I want, too.
443
00:32:57,132 --> 00:32:58,713
The Movement...
444
00:32:58,814 --> 00:33:01,182
that's not the life that I want.
445
00:33:01,282 --> 00:33:03,021
If you think that life exists for us
446
00:33:03,056 --> 00:33:05,387
without The Movement, you are wrong.
447
00:33:05,691 --> 00:33:07,990
Because all those simple
things you are asking for,
448
00:33:08,156 --> 00:33:10,124
those things are freedom,
449
00:33:10,224 --> 00:33:11,785
the luxuries of a free life.
450
00:33:11,820 --> 00:33:13,711
That is what I'm fighting for.
451
00:33:15,964 --> 00:33:17,465
Thembe...
452
00:33:17,939 --> 00:33:19,840
I am sorry I was not here earlier.
453
00:33:20,743 --> 00:33:23,337
One day you will be old enough to help me.
454
00:33:23,438 --> 00:33:25,578
We will be father and son, united,
455
00:33:25,613 --> 00:33:27,516
together, in the struggle.
456
00:33:38,854 --> 00:33:41,890
So you say nothing's going to change.
457
00:33:42,193 --> 00:33:45,029
There's no room for us
until the struggle's over.
458
00:34:02,914 --> 00:34:05,078
_
459
00:34:06,013 --> 00:34:08,448
They're laughing at us.
They're mocking our authority.
460
00:34:08,506 --> 00:34:10,087
Well, with all due respect, Prime Minister,
461
00:34:10,122 --> 00:34:11,516
all their leaders are under a ban,
462
00:34:11,586 --> 00:34:13,309
and we have jails full of the Communists.
463
00:34:13,344 --> 00:34:15,455
With all due respect, is it worth it?
464
00:34:16,698 --> 00:34:19,621
We need to respond and must
put these people in their place.
465
00:34:19,710 --> 00:34:20,855
I think we need to respond
466
00:34:20,890 --> 00:34:23,536
with great caution, Mr.
Prime Minister, if I may?
467
00:34:23,571 --> 00:34:25,588
International opinion
is already very tricky
468
00:34:25,623 --> 00:34:27,886
after all the publicity
from the defiance campaign
469
00:34:27,921 --> 00:34:28,998
- and I just...
- This is our country,
470
00:34:29,033 --> 00:34:31,586
and we proceed in the way
that is best for our people.
471
00:34:32,203 --> 00:34:35,244
We don't need the approval
from the rest of the world.
472
00:34:36,197 --> 00:34:40,747
We were nearly destroyed and
exterminated by the British.
473
00:34:40,828 --> 00:34:43,331
We cannot bend to international opinion.
474
00:34:43,385 --> 00:34:45,259
And when all is said and done,
475
00:34:45,294 --> 00:34:46,760
the world will come to see
476
00:34:46,795 --> 00:34:48,380
why we had to do what we had to do.
477
00:34:48,415 --> 00:34:49,833
And what do we have to do?
478
00:34:49,868 --> 00:34:52,260
Cut the head off the beast.
479
00:34:52,450 --> 00:34:54,037
Arrest the leaders, all of them.
480
00:34:54,072 --> 00:34:55,965
- On what charges?
- Treason.
481
00:34:56,329 --> 00:34:59,171
That Charter is outright Communism.
482
00:35:05,057 --> 00:35:06,529
Those are the ones we want.
483
00:35:06,591 --> 00:35:08,625
There are hundreds. We'll
have to arrest hundreds.
484
00:35:08,660 --> 00:35:10,427
Can we present a case in court?
485
00:35:10,462 --> 00:35:12,860
We have informers who will testify.
486
00:35:12,930 --> 00:35:14,832
I want a special court,
487
00:35:14,932 --> 00:35:16,467
away from the public eye,
488
00:35:16,502 --> 00:35:18,376
in a church or a synagogue,
489
00:35:18,423 --> 00:35:21,062
set up with three of our
judges... hand picked.
490
00:35:21,097 --> 00:35:22,038
And the rule of law?
491
00:35:22,073 --> 00:35:23,776
And talk to the Americans.
492
00:35:23,876 --> 00:35:25,977
I think we can gain their support.
493
00:35:26,194 --> 00:35:28,945
They hate Communists as much as we do.
494
00:35:31,883 --> 00:35:33,952
It will be okay, Paul.
495
00:35:34,202 --> 00:35:38,122
Don't forget we have God on our side.
496
00:35:38,203 --> 00:35:39,666
They do not.
497
00:36:04,036 --> 00:36:05,935
We have a warrant to search this place
498
00:36:06,013 --> 00:36:07,486
and for your arrest.
499
00:36:07,545 --> 00:36:08,707
Under what charges?
500
00:36:08,742 --> 00:36:10,287
Practicing Communism,
501
00:36:10,387 --> 00:36:13,810
and plotting to overthrow
the state with violence.
502
00:36:13,845 --> 00:36:15,018
Come on!
503
00:36:16,542 --> 00:36:18,310
It will be okay.
504
00:36:28,972 --> 00:36:30,321
Leave it to the Prime Minister
505
00:36:30,356 --> 00:36:32,776
to ban us from speaking to each other,
506
00:36:32,811 --> 00:36:35,514
and then lock us all away
in the same cell together.
507
00:36:39,998 --> 00:36:42,639
We will get out of this, my friends.
508
00:36:42,724 --> 00:36:45,176
This is not how our struggle ends.
509
00:36:51,863 --> 00:36:53,696
There's not enough of cells to hold you.
510
00:36:53,731 --> 00:36:55,159
You'll stay!
511
00:36:56,442 --> 00:36:58,979
Surely, you can bring
us in out of the rain.
512
00:37:00,849 --> 00:37:03,774
Surely, you're going to want
to shut your mouth, kaffir!
513
00:37:03,906 --> 00:37:05,646
You're in my yard!
514
00:37:44,757 --> 00:37:46,317
After two days in prison,
515
00:37:46,352 --> 00:37:49,754
our lawyers secured our release on bail.
516
00:37:49,916 --> 00:37:51,965
We knew this was the beginning of a long
517
00:37:52,000 --> 00:37:55,351
and brutal fight against
the charge of treason.
518
00:37:59,561 --> 00:38:03,204
But, for me, my real punishment came
519
00:38:04,132 --> 00:38:06,268
when I returned home.
520
00:39:16,937 --> 00:39:18,104
_
521
00:39:18,187 --> 00:39:21,290
I have been asked many times
522
00:39:21,372 --> 00:39:23,965
how I was able to keep going
523
00:39:24,033 --> 00:39:27,535
in spite of all of the
difficulties of my life.
524
00:39:29,662 --> 00:39:34,137
Patience, love, I found it again...
525
00:39:35,599 --> 00:39:37,300
in Winnie.
526
00:39:40,076 --> 00:39:42,645
Careful, please.
527
00:39:45,463 --> 00:39:47,579
In the midst of my despair,
528
00:39:47,614 --> 00:39:49,099
she was there...
529
00:39:51,831 --> 00:39:53,891
...a wife who came to understand
530
00:39:53,980 --> 00:39:57,051
my greatest love was my people,
531
00:39:57,086 --> 00:39:58,616
our country.
532
00:40:01,129 --> 00:40:03,632
She shared that with me...
533
00:40:03,802 --> 00:40:05,705
our fight for liberation.
534
00:40:07,569 --> 00:40:11,473
But it seemed a fight
that was going nowhere.
535
00:40:11,597 --> 00:40:12,951
After four years,
536
00:40:12,986 --> 00:40:16,197
my comrades and I were
still on trial for treason.
537
00:40:16,327 --> 00:40:19,264
My life had become a grim routine.
538
00:40:19,363 --> 00:40:21,298
I was not yet in prison,
539
00:40:21,398 --> 00:40:23,467
but I was not yet free.
540
00:40:24,769 --> 00:40:30,248
And I was still unwelcome
in my own country.
541
00:40:32,877 --> 00:40:35,692
What do we have here...
a fleet-footed kaffir?
542
00:40:35,737 --> 00:40:37,338
Hey, stop.
543
00:40:40,644 --> 00:40:42,589
Good morning, officer.
544
00:40:42,667 --> 00:40:43,618
How may I help you?
545
00:40:43,653 --> 00:40:45,422
No, no, no, you don't call me "officer."
546
00:40:45,500 --> 00:40:46,550
You call me "boss."
547
00:40:46,585 --> 00:40:48,198
Let me see your pass.
548
00:40:55,002 --> 00:40:56,704
Nelson Mandela.
549
00:40:58,436 --> 00:41:00,568
Aren't you supposed to
be on trial for treason?
550
00:41:00,638 --> 00:41:03,106
All of the accused are free on bail
551
00:41:03,272 --> 00:41:05,475
for the duration of the trial.
552
00:41:05,575 --> 00:41:08,519
Early morning is the only
time I can get exercise...
553
00:41:08,554 --> 00:41:11,719
boss.
554
00:41:12,684 --> 00:41:16,285
You know what I do to
cheeky kaffirs like you?
555
00:41:16,421 --> 00:41:18,386
I take you into the bush
556
00:41:18,486 --> 00:41:20,207
and I put a bullet through your head.
557
00:41:32,599 --> 00:41:34,368
You're lucky.
558
00:41:34,736 --> 00:41:36,604
White people in South Africa,
559
00:41:36,810 --> 00:41:39,047
we believe in following the rule of law.
560
00:42:08,580 --> 00:42:10,616
- Oliver.
- Nelson!
561
00:42:10,763 --> 00:42:12,958
Hey.
562
00:42:12,993 --> 00:42:15,507
The great athlete.
563
00:42:15,542 --> 00:42:16,906
- How's it?
- It's good.
564
00:42:16,976 --> 00:42:19,162
- How's Winnie and the family?
- They are well. Well.
565
00:42:19,197 --> 00:42:22,324
So, you did not run here just to say hello.
566
00:42:22,359 --> 00:42:24,319
No, no. Already you have so many of them
567
00:42:24,354 --> 00:42:25,267
lined up out there.
568
00:42:25,302 --> 00:42:26,687
So many new laws.
569
00:42:26,722 --> 00:42:28,326
And so few Black lawyers.
570
00:42:34,060 --> 00:42:35,695
I'm sorry, my friend,
571
00:42:36,423 --> 00:42:37,888
that you had to take on such a heavy load
572
00:42:37,974 --> 00:42:39,909
with me still being on trial.
573
00:42:41,036 --> 00:42:43,538
I'm lucky they dropped
the charges against me.
574
00:42:43,963 --> 00:42:46,735
My burden is not as heavy as yours.
575
00:42:49,111 --> 00:42:52,228
I miss you, Oliver, and this place.
576
00:42:52,781 --> 00:42:54,999
I can't wait till I get back.
577
00:42:56,421 --> 00:42:59,090
You're not ever coming back.
578
00:42:59,189 --> 00:43:01,291
We both know that.
579
00:43:01,326 --> 00:43:03,028
If they do not convict you, they will try,
580
00:43:03,146 --> 00:43:05,435
and try again until they succeed.
581
00:43:07,732 --> 00:43:09,467
If I am acquitted...
582
00:43:10,528 --> 00:43:11,765
I will have to go underground.
583
00:43:11,800 --> 00:43:15,639
It is the only way that I
can continue in the struggle.
584
00:43:15,740 --> 00:43:17,660
We cannot wage a struggle for freedom
585
00:43:17,695 --> 00:43:20,393
while you are in prison, hm?
586
00:43:24,747 --> 00:43:25,950
Ah...
587
00:43:26,144 --> 00:43:27,932
a favor to ask.
588
00:43:28,270 --> 00:43:30,436
Can you see this kid for me?
589
00:43:30,471 --> 00:43:32,589
A pass book thing. The usual.
590
00:43:32,678 --> 00:43:34,822
Oh, I don't know, Oliver.
591
00:43:34,857 --> 00:43:36,625
Ah, come on, Nelson.
592
00:43:36,660 --> 00:43:38,469
All right.
593
00:43:39,046 --> 00:43:40,562
Let me take a look.
594
00:43:40,628 --> 00:43:41,783
Thank you.
595
00:43:42,850 --> 00:43:44,185
Okay.
596
00:43:47,130 --> 00:43:48,606
Ah, come.
597
00:43:48,768 --> 00:43:50,836
- You get Nelson today.
- Thank you.
598
00:43:50,871 --> 00:43:52,302
Miss, you can sit here.
599
00:43:55,294 --> 00:43:59,599
I... I was arrested
because I don't have a pass.
600
00:43:59,816 --> 00:44:03,169
But I couldn't get a pass,
if I don't have a job.
601
00:44:03,229 --> 00:44:04,821
So, what am I supposed to do?
602
00:44:04,856 --> 00:44:07,158
As soon as I go out there to find work,
603
00:44:07,193 --> 00:44:08,427
I get arrested.
604
00:44:08,536 --> 00:44:10,877
Because you don't have a pass.
605
00:44:11,586 --> 00:44:13,120
Tell me.
606
00:44:13,759 --> 00:44:15,695
I have this girl I want to marry.
607
00:44:19,425 --> 00:44:21,193
Her name is Nande.
608
00:44:21,301 --> 00:44:23,170
Does she want to marry you?
609
00:44:23,340 --> 00:44:26,658
How can she when I don't even have a job?
610
00:44:28,717 --> 00:44:29,820
All right.
611
00:44:31,270 --> 00:44:32,714
Mass protests are planned today
612
00:44:32,749 --> 00:44:35,371
by the new Pan Africanist Congress, or PAC.
613
00:44:35,406 --> 00:44:37,796
The group says it's protesting
against the pass laws
614
00:44:37,857 --> 00:44:39,730
which require identification
for all Black...
615
00:44:39,765 --> 00:44:42,159
I was listening to that.
616
00:44:44,561 --> 00:44:45,962
PAC leader, Robert Sobukwe,
617
00:44:45,997 --> 00:44:47,131
has repeated his request
618
00:44:47,231 --> 00:44:49,570
to leaders of the rival
African National Congress
619
00:44:49,605 --> 00:44:51,406
to support the protest.
620
00:44:51,702 --> 00:44:54,874
Maybe you should join
forces... ANC and PAC.
621
00:44:54,921 --> 00:44:56,740
You'd do more with a united front.
622
00:44:56,840 --> 00:44:58,642
The PAC's vision is different from ours.
623
00:44:58,742 --> 00:45:02,044
They want to exclude
Whites, Indians, Coloreds,
624
00:45:02,146 --> 00:45:04,180
from the struggle... everyone.
625
00:45:04,215 --> 00:45:05,316
They are clever.
626
00:45:05,483 --> 00:45:07,498
The pass protest was our idea.
627
00:45:07,564 --> 00:45:08,709
They are strategic.
628
00:45:08,744 --> 00:45:10,311
They are opportunistic.
629
00:45:11,015 --> 00:45:13,709
Well, turning off the radio
won't stop the protest today.
630
00:45:13,744 --> 00:45:14,997
Yes.
631
00:45:15,808 --> 00:45:17,536
This bloody treason trial
632
00:45:17,608 --> 00:45:20,499
is really putting a
strain on our law practice.
633
00:45:20,597 --> 00:45:22,733
It has almost been four years.
634
00:45:22,832 --> 00:45:24,808
The people want to see change.
635
00:45:24,878 --> 00:45:26,423
They want action.
636
00:45:30,052 --> 00:45:31,506
Hmmm...
637
00:45:31,606 --> 00:45:33,875
Let them wait.
638
00:45:33,964 --> 00:45:36,398
The treason bus waits for no man.
639
00:45:44,893 --> 00:45:46,157
Good morning, comrades.
640
00:45:46,238 --> 00:45:47,421
Good morning, Nelson.
641
00:45:47,456 --> 00:45:49,177
- Day 1399.
- Morning, comrade.
642
00:45:49,274 --> 00:45:50,436
It's not a joke anymore.
643
00:45:50,471 --> 00:45:55,609
Day 1399 is the day we're going
to be humiliated by the PAC.
644
00:45:55,798 --> 00:45:59,535
You see, they've called their
protest a week before ours.
645
00:45:59,570 --> 00:46:02,073
- For one reason.
- Yes, to make us look slow...
646
00:46:02,173 --> 00:46:03,523
and stupid.
647
00:46:08,534 --> 00:46:11,276
Today, we will stand in protest.
648
00:46:12,549 --> 00:46:14,627
- _
- We will not be told where and when
649
00:46:14,709 --> 00:46:16,501
to travel in our own land.
650
00:46:16,536 --> 00:46:17,775
No!
651
00:46:17,872 --> 00:46:20,457
For now we have promised a peaceful march.
652
00:46:20,492 --> 00:46:22,661
But our demands are non-negotiable.
653
00:46:22,696 --> 00:46:24,267
Yes!
654
00:46:24,380 --> 00:46:27,191
Abolish the pass laws now!
655
00:46:27,236 --> 00:46:28,771
Yes!
656
00:46:29,196 --> 00:46:32,893
We will stand our ground
until we hear from Pretoria.
657
00:46:32,928 --> 00:46:34,289
Yes!
658
00:46:34,333 --> 00:46:39,180
The future of Africa must
be what Africans make.
659
00:46:39,840 --> 00:46:41,916
- Our land!
- Our land!
660
00:46:42,001 --> 00:46:42,953
Our land!
661
00:46:42,988 --> 00:46:44,557
Our land!
662
00:46:50,968 --> 00:46:52,517
They're listening to him, Nelson.
663
00:46:52,552 --> 00:46:55,656
Sobukwe is saying all the things
that the people want to hear.
664
00:46:55,691 --> 00:46:57,961
Maybe they don't want this multi-party,
665
00:46:57,996 --> 00:47:00,398
multi-racial, passive resistance.
666
00:47:00,447 --> 00:47:02,234
They don't want clever, colored lawyers
667
00:47:02,269 --> 00:47:05,210
and rich White Communists
to be on their side.
668
00:47:05,245 --> 00:47:07,356
That's why the PAC is growing so much.
669
00:47:07,391 --> 00:47:08,204
Bloody Communists.
670
00:47:08,239 --> 00:47:09,092
Ruth, Joe...
671
00:47:09,127 --> 00:47:10,995
come sit here by me and Duma.
672
00:47:12,102 --> 00:47:13,337
Okay with you, Duma?
673
00:47:13,372 --> 00:47:15,007
He's scared we'll infect him.
674
00:47:15,093 --> 00:47:16,582
Africa for Africans.
675
00:47:16,663 --> 00:47:18,353
That is what the people want to hear.
676
00:47:18,388 --> 00:47:20,448
That is why they are joining the PAC.
677
00:47:20,501 --> 00:47:23,115
The question is, Duma,
do you want to join them?
678
00:47:23,150 --> 00:47:26,350
Because you are too intelligent
for the PAC rhetoric.
679
00:47:26,410 --> 00:47:28,709
Because you don't want the
struggle for justice for all
680
00:47:28,744 --> 00:47:31,114
to turn into a primitive civil war
681
00:47:31,149 --> 00:47:33,629
between Black people,
Colored people, White people.
682
00:47:33,664 --> 00:47:36,133
Because you understand we are all Africans.
683
00:47:36,298 --> 00:47:39,090
Sometimes you have to hold
on to what you believe in...
684
00:47:39,153 --> 00:47:40,766
and be patient.
685
00:47:44,625 --> 00:47:47,741
I want those troublemakers stopped.
686
00:47:47,776 --> 00:47:50,936
Isn't it enough that we
have these Red Communists
687
00:47:50,971 --> 00:47:53,265
and Black leaders on trial for treason?
688
00:47:53,300 --> 00:47:56,995
This PAC, or ANC, or
whatever you call them,
689
00:47:57,030 --> 00:47:59,136
they must be eliminated.
690
00:48:00,170 --> 00:48:03,326
Use everything at our disposal.
691
00:48:03,361 --> 00:48:05,254
Don't spare any expense.
692
00:48:10,788 --> 00:48:12,366
_
693
00:48:25,217 --> 00:48:26,685
Arms up.
694
00:48:27,595 --> 00:48:29,197
Go through.
695
00:48:29,801 --> 00:48:31,303
Arms up.
696
00:48:32,045 --> 00:48:34,833
Chief Lithuli, as president of the ANC,
697
00:48:34,868 --> 00:48:38,231
is the use of violence a tactic
employed by your organization?
698
00:48:38,318 --> 00:48:42,388
The use of violence would
be almost national suicide.
699
00:48:42,690 --> 00:48:44,860
Because of my Christian leanings,
700
00:48:44,895 --> 00:48:46,828
I would hesitate to be a party to violence.
701
00:48:46,863 --> 00:48:48,157
You say "hesitate."
702
00:48:48,192 --> 00:48:50,380
You would not condemn it outright?
703
00:48:50,447 --> 00:48:55,388
The ANC believes that progress
is achieved through dialogue.
704
00:48:55,553 --> 00:48:58,355
The accused believe as I believe...
705
00:48:58,421 --> 00:49:01,357
that one day, the African
people and the White man
706
00:49:01,441 --> 00:49:06,437
must talk, otherwise, where
is the hope for any of us?
707
00:49:28,624 --> 00:49:30,412
- Colonel.
- Lieutenant.
708
00:49:30,509 --> 00:49:33,312
- See any weapons?
- Ach, only umbrellas.
709
00:49:36,562 --> 00:49:38,939
There's more than umbrellas out there.
710
00:49:40,892 --> 00:49:42,049
Yes, sir.
711
00:49:47,322 --> 00:49:50,141
Mr. Mandela, is it fair to say
that you play a significant role
712
00:49:50,176 --> 00:49:52,532
in the African National Congress?
713
00:49:52,581 --> 00:49:54,361
We are a democratic body
714
00:49:54,395 --> 00:49:56,840
under the presidency of Chief Lithuli.
715
00:49:57,484 --> 00:49:59,485
Will you confirm that all the accused here
716
00:49:59,520 --> 00:50:01,476
are members of the ANC.
717
00:50:01,530 --> 00:50:03,098
Why are you asking me?
718
00:50:03,400 --> 00:50:05,695
All of them have already said as much.
719
00:50:06,431 --> 00:50:10,263
But would you agree that the purpose of
the ANC is to overthrow the government?
720
00:50:10,353 --> 00:50:16,150
No, the purpose of the ANC
is to reform the government.
721
00:50:27,864 --> 00:50:30,124
Load five rounds!
722
00:50:45,742 --> 00:50:47,443
Fire!
723
00:51:09,321 --> 00:51:11,824
Enough! Enough shooting!
724
00:51:18,779 --> 00:51:21,166
Cease fire! Cease fire!
725
00:51:36,383 --> 00:51:38,285
Silence!
726
00:51:39,114 --> 00:51:41,721
This is the BBC World Service.
727
00:51:41,821 --> 00:51:44,457
In the township of
Sharpeville in South Africa,
728
00:51:44,492 --> 00:51:47,128
a violent clash between
police and protestors.
729
00:51:47,213 --> 00:51:50,250
Policemen encountered an
angry mob of thousands.
730
00:51:50,430 --> 00:51:52,352
Police say they were forced to open fire
731
00:51:52,387 --> 00:51:54,439
on the violent and illegal protest
732
00:51:54,474 --> 00:51:56,539
led by the Pan Africanist Congress
733
00:51:56,586 --> 00:51:58,111
against the new pass laws.
734
00:52:06,823 --> 00:52:08,416
Sixty-nine dead.
735
00:52:09,507 --> 00:52:12,091
More than 150 wounded.
736
00:52:13,374 --> 00:52:16,101
I say no apology.
737
00:52:16,136 --> 00:52:17,897
We commend the police for their bravery.
738
00:52:17,932 --> 00:52:20,023
We declare martial law and stop this now.
739
00:52:20,058 --> 00:52:22,393
Tomorrow the eyes of the
world will be upon us.
740
00:52:22,428 --> 00:52:24,686
I think we need to
proceed with great caution.
741
00:52:24,721 --> 00:52:26,889
You understand...
742
00:52:27,600 --> 00:52:31,456
right there by Sharpeville,
743
00:52:31,491 --> 00:52:35,960
we signed the treaty of
our defeat by the British...
744
00:52:36,034 --> 00:52:38,971
nearly 60 years ago.
745
00:52:39,017 --> 00:52:40,484
I'd forgotten that.
746
00:52:40,519 --> 00:52:43,008
We must never forget.
747
00:52:45,382 --> 00:52:49,778
Today is a sign from the Lord,
748
00:52:49,876 --> 00:52:51,210
a reminder...
749
00:52:52,721 --> 00:52:56,852
that we must never risk humiliation
750
00:52:56,887 --> 00:53:00,257
and extermination again.
751
00:53:00,396 --> 00:53:06,681
We must always remember our sacred duty.
752
00:53:06,716 --> 00:53:10,118
We will fight for our existence.
753
00:53:10,299 --> 00:53:13,340
We must keep our people safe.
754
00:53:26,422 --> 00:53:28,690
You... lawyer...
755
00:53:28,908 --> 00:53:30,270
what did you tell him?
756
00:53:30,305 --> 00:53:33,109
What did you say about the pass laws, huh?
757
00:53:33,264 --> 00:53:35,511
Solomon was such a good boy.
758
00:53:35,546 --> 00:53:37,948
No trouble.
759
00:53:38,157 --> 00:53:40,159
He just wanted to work.
760
00:53:40,295 --> 00:53:42,664
You put ideas in his head...
761
00:53:44,590 --> 00:53:46,894
and sent him to protest.
762
00:53:48,127 --> 00:53:52,254
You sent him to die!
763
00:53:53,690 --> 00:53:55,392
- Can...
- No!
764
00:54:10,020 --> 00:54:11,689
I am so sorry.
765
00:54:15,732 --> 00:54:18,061
We can't let the PAC draw
us into a street fight.
766
00:54:18,128 --> 00:54:19,531
It's too dangerous.
767
00:54:19,566 --> 00:54:20,453
That's fine, I hear you.
768
00:54:20,488 --> 00:54:22,345
But I think we should take some action.
769
00:54:22,383 --> 00:54:25,375
The PAC has split from us
because all we ever do is talk.
770
00:54:25,410 --> 00:54:27,803
Nonsense! They want civil war.
771
00:54:27,838 --> 00:54:30,140
They want division
between Blacks and Whites,
772
00:54:30,239 --> 00:54:31,221
and Coloreds and Indians.
773
00:54:31,256 --> 00:54:32,812
Look, whatever we think of them morally,
774
00:54:32,895 --> 00:54:34,642
we have no choice but to make a stand.
775
00:54:34,677 --> 00:54:36,364
For God's sake, we all agree on that.
776
00:54:36,445 --> 00:54:38,246
But, please, make a decision.
777
00:54:38,414 --> 00:54:42,457
I don't think we should
argue amongst ourselves.
778
00:54:42,543 --> 00:54:43,606
Yes, you are right.
779
00:54:43,677 --> 00:54:45,442
But what are we going to do?
780
00:54:45,477 --> 00:54:46,729
Stand here drinking?
781
00:54:46,764 --> 00:54:48,667
I can't do that anymore.
782
00:54:49,653 --> 00:54:51,660
Every fiber of my being tells me
783
00:54:51,695 --> 00:54:54,694
that we cannot respond to this violence
784
00:54:54,729 --> 00:54:57,233
with more passive resistance.
785
00:54:57,296 --> 00:54:59,949
The PAC has shown great courage,
786
00:54:59,984 --> 00:55:02,438
no matter what we think of their strategy.
787
00:55:02,539 --> 00:55:05,876
In this crisis, we must support them.
788
00:55:06,030 --> 00:55:09,710
Those people were shot
in the back as they ran...
789
00:55:09,745 --> 00:55:13,182
men, women, children.
790
00:55:13,239 --> 00:55:14,674
It was murder.
791
00:55:14,744 --> 00:55:18,715
But non-violence has
always been our path...
792
00:55:18,783 --> 00:55:19,844
from the start,
793
00:55:19,922 --> 00:55:22,524
and I am not ready to abandon it,
794
00:55:22,655 --> 00:55:25,280
and neither is our
president, Chief Lithuli,
795
00:55:25,347 --> 00:55:29,251
and, as far as I know, neither is the PAC.
796
00:55:29,286 --> 00:55:32,221
We will call for a national day of mourning
797
00:55:32,434 --> 00:55:34,939
for the victims of Sharpeville.
798
00:55:35,021 --> 00:55:36,779
We will call for strikes
799
00:55:36,814 --> 00:55:39,612
that close factories and empty the fields.
800
00:55:39,706 --> 00:55:41,411
We will call for marches
801
00:55:41,510 --> 00:55:43,646
that bring the cities to a standstill,
802
00:55:43,850 --> 00:55:46,283
and dare them to strike us down.
803
00:55:46,347 --> 00:55:49,543
The PAC was demonstrating the pass laws.
804
00:55:49,629 --> 00:55:53,791
I will make my own small act
of solidarity with the PAC
805
00:55:53,877 --> 00:55:58,561
by burning my pass in
public in front of the press.
806
00:55:58,735 --> 00:56:00,699
I know Duma has been
longing to burn his pass
807
00:56:00,761 --> 00:56:02,408
in public for years.
808
00:56:06,869 --> 00:56:09,900
I have one other proposal.
809
00:56:14,742 --> 00:56:18,478
We agree Verwoerd will attack.
810
00:56:18,514 --> 00:56:21,412
He will attempt to silence
us with incarceration,
811
00:56:21,447 --> 00:56:24,354
execution, or assassination.
812
00:56:24,454 --> 00:56:26,316
Therefore, we need a voice
813
00:56:26,353 --> 00:56:29,326
that he cannot silence,
a voice that people know,
814
00:56:29,425 --> 00:56:30,927
and respect,
815
00:56:31,154 --> 00:56:34,731
a voice that can speak from
the safety of another country.
816
00:56:38,034 --> 00:56:40,988
I see you are looking at me, Nelson.
817
00:56:41,040 --> 00:56:42,843
Yes.
818
00:56:45,562 --> 00:56:46,864
Who else?
819
00:56:57,753 --> 00:57:00,246
I will miss you...
820
00:57:00,281 --> 00:57:01,984
very much.
821
00:57:03,961 --> 00:57:05,167
Yeah.
822
00:57:09,427 --> 00:57:12,130
I would like to make a gesture of support
823
00:57:12,207 --> 00:57:14,876
for Robert Sobukwe and the PAC
824
00:57:15,132 --> 00:57:18,102
by burning this most-hated pass book
825
00:57:18,141 --> 00:57:20,910
which makes me a foreigner
in my own country,
826
00:57:21,166 --> 00:57:25,821
and a gesture of the deepest sympathy
827
00:57:26,458 --> 00:57:28,774
for the friends and
families of those whose lives
828
00:57:28,809 --> 00:57:31,554
were sacrificed in the cause of freedom,
829
00:57:31,655 --> 00:57:33,557
our freedom.
830
00:57:33,657 --> 00:57:36,026
This is my pass book,
831
00:57:36,230 --> 00:57:39,250
which I am supposed to carry everywhere,
832
00:57:39,327 --> 00:57:42,413
so they will know who I am...
833
00:57:42,511 --> 00:57:44,779
...where I am from.
834
00:57:45,134 --> 00:57:48,070
I am a South African from South Africa.
835
00:57:48,172 --> 00:57:51,375
I have the right to
travel in my own country.
836
00:57:51,474 --> 00:57:54,409
This is all they need to know.
837
00:58:25,741 --> 00:58:27,882
Disperse immediately!
838
00:58:28,061 --> 00:58:29,484
Disperse!
839
00:58:37,954 --> 00:58:39,811
Leave this area immediately
840
00:58:39,846 --> 00:58:42,539
or you will be arrested.
841
00:58:45,394 --> 00:58:49,431
You have set fire to a lot
more than your pass book.
842
00:58:49,532 --> 00:58:51,601
It's getting dangerous out there.
843
00:58:51,767 --> 00:58:54,669
I think you and Zenani should stay inside.
844
00:58:54,704 --> 00:58:57,543
I need to go and look
in on my other children.
845
00:58:59,977 --> 00:59:00,965
Of course.
846
00:59:01,047 --> 00:59:03,425
They will be at Walter's tomorrow.
847
00:59:07,035 --> 00:59:08,669
Tomorrow is Sunday.
848
00:59:08,903 --> 00:59:10,791
It's our only day together.
849
00:59:14,742 --> 00:59:16,457
I won't stay long.
850
00:59:16,530 --> 00:59:19,898
It is only right that you
see your other children.
851
00:59:19,987 --> 00:59:21,788
I want you to go.
852
00:59:21,823 --> 00:59:24,122
It's just the struggle,
853
00:59:24,157 --> 00:59:27,670
your comrades, your other family...
854
00:59:27,835 --> 00:59:30,464
if everyone gets a piece of you,
855
00:59:30,533 --> 00:59:32,012
what is left?
856
00:59:43,529 --> 00:59:47,000
The ANC will look after
you until you can join me.
857
00:59:47,035 --> 00:59:48,270
I'll be there.
858
00:59:48,485 --> 00:59:52,471
As long as I give my job
notice and I pack up our things.
859
00:59:52,506 --> 00:59:54,752
By then we will have
arranged a route for you.
860
00:59:58,880 --> 01:00:00,672
Are you sure you will be okay?
861
01:00:01,815 --> 01:00:04,483
I hate being separated from you.
862
01:00:12,552 --> 01:00:15,887
I will call you as soon
as I'm over the border.
863
01:00:16,152 --> 01:00:19,234
Don't worry. I will be safe.
864
01:00:30,337 --> 01:00:32,783
Shhhh...
865
01:00:37,945 --> 01:00:39,781
All right, you two.
866
01:00:39,882 --> 01:00:41,718
Let this old man catch his breath.
867
01:00:41,879 --> 01:00:43,082
Come and sit down, old man.
868
01:00:43,117 --> 01:00:45,152
Ah, Albertina.
869
01:00:45,187 --> 01:00:47,455
These little ones are
really happy to see you.
870
01:00:47,490 --> 01:00:49,793
Yes. Thank you, my dear.
871
01:00:50,727 --> 01:00:52,194
Go with your mother.
872
01:00:52,229 --> 01:00:53,182
Come on.
873
01:00:55,142 --> 01:00:57,742
Your children are
growing up strong, Nelson.
874
01:00:59,278 --> 01:01:00,840
And how is their mother?
875
01:01:02,272 --> 01:01:04,912
All things being considered,
my cousin is well.
876
01:01:06,788 --> 01:01:08,240
You know, when we were first married,
877
01:01:08,317 --> 01:01:10,972
I thought that Evelyn and
I would be together forever.
878
01:01:12,336 --> 01:01:13,319
And then?
879
01:01:13,354 --> 01:01:15,117
And then all of this,
880
01:01:15,386 --> 01:01:17,800
all that our lives have become...
881
01:01:17,895 --> 01:01:21,674
I am already starting to
make Winnie worry, too.
882
01:01:27,392 --> 01:01:31,000
But you, Walter, and Albertina...
883
01:01:31,035 --> 01:01:32,171
Yeah.
884
01:01:32,206 --> 01:01:35,043
...your home, your children...
885
01:01:37,414 --> 01:01:38,822
you have held it all together.
886
01:01:38,857 --> 01:01:40,792
You are happy.
887
01:01:40,846 --> 01:01:42,982
What is the secret, I wonder?
888
01:01:43,137 --> 01:01:45,604
There is the cause,
889
01:01:45,639 --> 01:01:47,276
and there is family.
890
01:01:49,175 --> 01:01:51,152
Your duty is to both.
891
01:01:53,497 --> 01:01:55,312
Remember this, Madiba,
892
01:01:56,562 --> 01:01:59,214
if not for them,
893
01:01:59,249 --> 01:02:00,918
for you.
894
01:02:02,591 --> 01:02:03,933
Come, Dada.
895
01:02:05,665 --> 01:02:08,311
All right, Maka.
896
01:02:08,346 --> 01:02:10,167
You are the boss,
897
01:02:10,243 --> 01:02:12,254
and I must go soon, huh?
898
01:02:12,335 --> 01:02:13,570
I don't want you to go home yet.
899
01:02:13,605 --> 01:02:18,718
I will come around again... very soon, hm?
900
01:02:19,130 --> 01:02:20,809
Do you and mama hate each other?
901
01:02:21,938 --> 01:02:23,594
It's all right, Thembe.
902
01:02:23,629 --> 01:02:24,903
No, my son.
903
01:02:25,949 --> 01:02:28,492
We will always be in each other's hearts,
904
01:02:28,557 --> 01:02:29,825
your mother and I,
905
01:02:29,860 --> 01:02:32,632
and we both love you very much.
906
01:02:33,332 --> 01:02:34,967
Am I old enough to come with you
907
01:02:35,002 --> 01:02:36,535
to one of your meetings, Dada?
908
01:02:36,570 --> 01:02:38,338
Some day, Thembe.
909
01:02:38,492 --> 01:02:40,137
But, at the moment,
910
01:02:40,172 --> 01:02:42,341
you need to go to school and study.
911
01:02:42,440 --> 01:02:44,977
Remember, you are the man of the house now.
912
01:02:45,078 --> 01:02:47,320
I'm even wearing your old trousers, Dada.
913
01:02:47,355 --> 01:02:49,926
I see... and you are wearing them well.
914
01:02:50,055 --> 01:02:52,017
You are a good man, my son.
915
01:02:53,119 --> 01:02:54,962
All right, you scamps...
916
01:02:54,997 --> 01:02:57,355
...come, help me give hugs
to Albertina before we go.
917
01:02:57,390 --> 01:02:58,824
Let's go, let's go.
918
01:03:02,892 --> 01:03:05,764
This is the BBC World Service.
919
01:03:05,799 --> 01:03:07,267
In South Africa today,
920
01:03:07,302 --> 01:03:09,116
the Prime Minister, Mr. Hendrik Verwoerd,
921
01:03:09,151 --> 01:03:11,822
has just declared a state of emergency.
922
01:03:11,919 --> 01:03:14,787
The main opposition parties,
the Pan African Congress,
923
01:03:14,822 --> 01:03:16,519
and the African National Congress,
924
01:03:16,554 --> 01:03:19,590
have both been declared
illegal organizations.
925
01:03:41,729 --> 01:03:42,731
Yes?
926
01:03:43,544 --> 01:03:45,949
Hey, I need to see your warrant.
927
01:03:45,984 --> 01:03:47,386
We don't need one.
928
01:03:47,562 --> 01:03:49,499
Not anymore.
929
01:03:49,709 --> 01:03:51,176
Everything will be all right.
930
01:03:51,277 --> 01:03:53,179
Everything will be all right.
931
01:04:15,370 --> 01:04:17,409
_
932
01:04:22,090 --> 01:04:23,255
Here you go, sir.
933
01:04:24,864 --> 01:04:26,006
Thank you.
934
01:04:27,876 --> 01:04:30,571
I hope your accommodation suits you.
935
01:04:30,678 --> 01:04:32,456
My place is just a block away.
936
01:04:33,489 --> 01:04:36,653
I think this is going to
take a bit of adjustment.
937
01:04:37,088 --> 01:04:38,622
Let's get you settled.
938
01:04:39,024 --> 01:04:41,737
After, we'll start on that list
of embassies you want to visit.
939
01:04:43,250 --> 01:04:45,165
Hut!
940
01:04:46,968 --> 01:04:51,671
- Hello, Nelson.
- Walter. Duma.
941
01:04:51,706 --> 01:04:54,689
Mandela. It's quite a
party. Everyone is here.
942
01:04:54,724 --> 01:04:56,134
Yes, what are the charges now?
943
01:04:56,239 --> 01:04:58,885
Whatever new laws they
came up with this morning.
944
01:04:58,958 --> 01:05:00,595
Nelson Mandela.
945
01:05:07,368 --> 01:05:10,004
Robert Sobukwe.
946
01:05:15,641 --> 01:05:18,879
The PAC thanks you for your support.
947
01:05:18,938 --> 01:05:21,576
And the ANC thanks you for yours.
948
01:05:28,304 --> 01:05:30,267
Ladies and gentlemen,
949
01:05:30,302 --> 01:05:33,806
on behalf of the Witwatersrand
Agricultural Society,
950
01:05:33,841 --> 01:05:36,994
I am delighted to
welcome you all here today
951
01:05:37,029 --> 01:05:40,667
to the official opening
of our union exposition,
952
01:05:40,702 --> 01:05:43,572
and I'm especially delighted
that we have with us
953
01:05:43,637 --> 01:05:46,669
the Prime Minister, Mr. H.F. Verwoerd.
954
01:06:23,250 --> 01:06:25,175
- Have you heard the news?
- What news?
955
01:06:25,210 --> 01:06:26,552
Somebody shot Verwoerd.
956
01:06:26,587 --> 01:06:28,524
Two bullets in the head.
957
01:06:28,559 --> 01:06:29,964
- Is he dead?
- No.
958
01:06:29,999 --> 01:06:31,366
Both bullets missed the brain...
959
01:06:31,401 --> 01:06:32,863
unsurprisingly.
960
01:06:32,923 --> 01:06:33,905
Who shot him?
961
01:06:33,940 --> 01:06:36,766
Some White farmer who
doesn't like apartheid.
962
01:06:36,801 --> 01:06:37,595
Imagine that?
963
01:06:37,630 --> 01:06:39,603
I doubt that they will declare him insane.
964
01:06:39,638 --> 01:06:41,502
Thank God he wasn't Black.
965
01:06:44,426 --> 01:06:46,320
What is Verwoerd's condition?
966
01:06:46,355 --> 01:06:48,604
Critical, without a doubt.
967
01:06:48,639 --> 01:06:51,508
Habeas corpus is being suspended.
968
01:06:51,543 --> 01:06:53,778
We're living in a police state.
969
01:06:53,910 --> 01:06:57,416
You are now all members
of a banned organization.
970
01:07:00,212 --> 01:07:03,471
Anything... anything that you
say testifying in your own trial
971
01:07:03,506 --> 01:07:06,326
that could be interpreted as
furthering the cause of the ANC
972
01:07:06,408 --> 01:07:10,012
will expose you to further
potential repercussions.
973
01:07:11,164 --> 01:07:12,433
My hands are tied.
974
01:07:12,468 --> 01:07:14,959
It is impossible for us
to construct a defense.
975
01:07:14,994 --> 01:07:16,954
The state has made access
extremely difficult.
976
01:07:16,989 --> 01:07:19,090
We could withdraw in protest.
977
01:07:19,203 --> 01:07:22,750
It's not much, but at least
it's some kind of step.
978
01:07:22,785 --> 01:07:24,365
How many lawyers are there amongst us?
979
01:07:24,400 --> 01:07:26,568
You, me and Joe.
980
01:07:26,871 --> 01:07:28,903
If we conduct our own defense,
981
01:07:28,938 --> 01:07:30,773
until they lift this state of emergency...
982
01:07:30,853 --> 01:07:32,210
And what if it doesn't get lifted?
983
01:07:32,245 --> 01:07:34,415
We keep it going until it is.
984
01:07:34,581 --> 01:07:38,567
Yeah, we could cross examine
every witness, in turn,
985
01:07:38,602 --> 01:07:40,776
by every other defendant.
986
01:07:40,811 --> 01:07:41,869
It might work.
987
01:07:41,904 --> 01:07:43,678
We could go on with this for years.
988
01:07:43,775 --> 01:07:46,331
At some point, the state of
emergency has to be lifted.
989
01:07:46,402 --> 01:07:49,065
Yeah, they want us to hang
for these treason charges.
990
01:07:49,100 --> 01:07:52,133
If we want to stay alive,
we must play against them,
991
01:07:52,168 --> 01:07:54,204
using their own rules.
992
01:07:56,155 --> 01:07:57,724
We will stay alive.
993
01:08:10,019 --> 01:08:12,714
Hmph, and I thought it was all blue skies
994
01:08:12,818 --> 01:08:14,988
- _
- and big game safaris over there.
995
01:08:16,770 --> 01:08:18,339
Thank you.
996
01:08:23,940 --> 01:08:27,879
The inhumanity in your
government breeds such hatred.
997
01:08:28,018 --> 01:08:29,319
Thank God the British prime minister's
998
01:08:29,354 --> 01:08:31,202
condemned apartheid.
999
01:08:31,299 --> 01:08:32,391
Yes.
1000
01:08:32,455 --> 01:08:34,323
But we still have a lot more to do.
1001
01:08:35,441 --> 01:08:36,492
Come.
1002
01:08:36,589 --> 01:08:39,158
The gentleman who sold me this paper
1003
01:08:39,536 --> 01:08:41,617
thinks we are a nation of blue skies
1004
01:08:41,652 --> 01:08:44,593
and happy Black people, no doubt.
1005
01:08:44,670 --> 01:08:45,835
Oliver, you have to understand
1006
01:08:45,932 --> 01:08:47,939
all the images coming out of South Africa
1007
01:08:47,974 --> 01:08:51,847
feature wonderful wild animals and sunsets,
1008
01:08:51,882 --> 01:08:54,889
and Tarzan's loyal natives.
1009
01:08:54,924 --> 01:08:58,318
It's hard to believe the
propaganda has been so effective.
1010
01:08:58,534 --> 01:09:01,519
The government's campaign
has been quite successful...
1011
01:09:01,554 --> 01:09:03,458
selling racial separation through art,
1012
01:09:03,493 --> 01:09:06,157
politics, even sports,
1013
01:09:06,358 --> 01:09:09,084
and they promote that message
internationally, as well.
1014
01:09:10,461 --> 01:09:13,157
Do you have that list
of embassies I asked for?
1015
01:09:14,522 --> 01:09:18,249
And I think I should talk to trade
unions and members of parliament, as well.
1016
01:09:23,871 --> 01:09:26,778
So, what are you saying,
Deputy Prime Minister?
1017
01:09:26,867 --> 01:09:30,637
In the past few weeks, we have
put 19,000 people in prison.
1018
01:09:30,721 --> 01:09:31,888
When does it stop?
1019
01:09:32,005 --> 01:09:34,788
This separate development
of the apartheid model
1020
01:09:34,823 --> 01:09:38,046
is not the right path
for our country anymore.
1021
01:09:40,023 --> 01:09:42,169
Our duty is to remain
consistent with the policies
1022
01:09:42,204 --> 01:09:44,642
of this government in this time of crisis.
1023
01:09:44,697 --> 01:09:47,490
The international
community is turning on us.
1024
01:09:47,525 --> 01:09:50,600
You saw how critical the British
PM was when he visited us here,
1025
01:09:50,663 --> 01:09:52,671
and now the Americans are speaking out,
1026
01:09:52,706 --> 01:09:55,067
and with the Asian and
African countries joining in,
1027
01:09:55,102 --> 01:09:57,071
we risk isolation.
1028
01:09:57,689 --> 01:10:00,514
There's talk of economic
pressure, sanctions.
1029
01:10:00,549 --> 01:10:03,715
Paul, you cannot build
domestic policies based on fear.
1030
01:10:04,067 --> 01:10:07,353
It's all well and good listening
to these people from abroad,
1031
01:10:07,452 --> 01:10:08,781
but they do not live here.
1032
01:10:08,816 --> 01:10:11,388
This is not fear, it's pragmatism.
1033
01:10:11,435 --> 01:10:14,961
We have to see where this is all heading.
1034
01:10:15,188 --> 01:10:16,791
Now, as acting prime minister,
1035
01:10:16,893 --> 01:10:20,367
I have a duty to every
living soul in this country,
1036
01:10:20,444 --> 01:10:22,312
not just the Whites.
1037
01:10:44,321 --> 01:10:46,034
Wonderful to see you alive.
1038
01:10:46,134 --> 01:10:48,537
As some say, "it's a sign from above."
1039
01:10:48,637 --> 01:10:49,806
Have a seat.
1040
01:11:02,350 --> 01:11:06,654
I understand you recently
made some remarks to the effect
1041
01:11:06,689 --> 01:11:11,383
that we might need to reconsider our policy
1042
01:11:11,418 --> 01:11:13,833
about separate development,
1043
01:11:13,935 --> 01:11:17,766
and that apartheid may not
be the path we should take.
1044
01:11:17,866 --> 01:11:19,326
I must tell you...
1045
01:11:19,414 --> 01:11:24,866
at this time, it is
more necessary than ever
1046
01:11:24,901 --> 01:11:27,742
to keep the races apart.
1047
01:11:27,843 --> 01:11:29,211
Do you understand me?
1048
01:11:29,311 --> 01:11:31,483
Of course. Forgive me, Prime Minister.
1049
01:11:33,051 --> 01:11:35,542
This treason trial,
what is the information?
1050
01:11:35,577 --> 01:11:38,254
The accused have begun
to defend themselves.
1051
01:11:38,353 --> 01:11:41,923
They all question each other
endlessly about everything.
1052
01:11:41,996 --> 01:11:44,299
It's a delay tactic.
1053
01:11:44,472 --> 01:11:47,376
Will we get the verdict
before the end of the year?
1054
01:11:47,638 --> 01:11:49,171
At this rate, Prime Minister,
1055
01:11:49,257 --> 01:11:51,800
we won't get a verdict
before the end of the century.
1056
01:11:51,947 --> 01:11:53,257
Let them delay.
1057
01:11:55,615 --> 01:11:57,685
Let them put the court to sleep.
1058
01:11:59,121 --> 01:12:03,159
We have a referendum to
win an election in October.
1059
01:12:03,418 --> 01:12:05,601
And by then, everything
must be back to normal.
1060
01:12:05,663 --> 01:12:09,116
People won't vote for a
republic at war with them.
1061
01:12:09,252 --> 01:12:11,187
We must be in control.
1062
01:12:11,966 --> 01:12:13,467
We must be in control.
1063
01:12:16,892 --> 01:12:17,811
Good news.
1064
01:12:17,846 --> 01:12:19,693
The state of emergency has been lifted.
1065
01:12:19,728 --> 01:12:21,363
Peace and harmony.
1066
01:12:23,370 --> 01:12:26,067
Just in time for the National Party's vote.
1067
01:12:26,275 --> 01:12:27,763
And the government agreed
to let you out of here
1068
01:12:27,798 --> 01:12:30,525
on weekends to close up the
affairs of your law office.
1069
01:12:30,560 --> 01:12:33,144
This whole thing is
beginning to feel like...
1070
01:12:33,539 --> 01:12:36,413
"Alice in Wonderland"
written by Franz Kafka.
1071
01:12:37,745 --> 01:12:39,480
Do I get to sleep at home, too?
1072
01:12:39,580 --> 01:12:43,284
No, you have to spend the
night in prison in Joburg.
1073
01:12:43,438 --> 01:12:46,776
But, uh, don't forget
to look into the window
1074
01:12:46,821 --> 01:12:48,850
of the shop next to your office.
1075
01:13:05,590 --> 01:13:06,942
_
1076
01:13:18,387 --> 01:13:20,254
You know that lady, Mr. Mandela?
1077
01:13:22,891 --> 01:13:25,558
Yes, that is my wife and daughter.
1078
01:13:29,964 --> 01:13:32,166
Um...
1079
01:13:32,256 --> 01:13:34,870
I'd better go to your
office to open the door.
1080
01:13:36,004 --> 01:13:38,339
Check if it's safe for you to go inside.
1081
01:13:42,387 --> 01:13:44,446
That is, if you'll trust me with your key.
1082
01:13:58,861 --> 01:14:01,764
How did you know?
1083
01:14:01,863 --> 01:14:04,465
I got word that you'd be here.
1084
01:14:04,764 --> 01:14:07,600
I thought it was worth taking a chance...
1085
01:14:07,635 --> 01:14:09,800
just to wait and see if I could see you.
1086
01:14:12,174 --> 01:14:14,758
There is someone else waiting for you, too.
1087
01:14:18,113 --> 01:14:21,115
No.
1088
01:14:23,853 --> 01:14:25,855
Darling...
1089
01:14:25,955 --> 01:14:27,822
I am due at the end of the year.
1090
01:14:27,857 --> 01:14:29,360
That is wonderful.
1091
01:14:31,637 --> 01:14:33,940
What?
1092
01:14:33,975 --> 01:14:37,098
I wonder if you'll ever be
able to hold our new baby.
1093
01:14:37,290 --> 01:14:39,012
The verdict may be in soon.
1094
01:14:39,047 --> 01:14:41,308
They have yet to prove their case.
1095
01:14:41,343 --> 01:14:43,327
You see, it's impossible to
as we live in the rule of law.
1096
01:14:43,362 --> 01:14:45,532
You don't have to be positive with me.
1097
01:14:49,654 --> 01:14:51,688
Nelson, you should run.
1098
01:14:51,946 --> 01:14:53,081
Now.
1099
01:14:53,271 --> 01:14:55,515
The ANC will look after you.
1100
01:14:55,612 --> 01:14:58,165
We can move abroad like
Oliver and Adelaide.
1101
01:14:58,591 --> 01:15:00,760
I will not try to run, my love,
1102
01:15:00,830 --> 01:15:03,224
I will not try to escape.
1103
01:15:03,428 --> 01:15:06,027
I gave that sergeant my word.
1104
01:15:06,172 --> 01:15:08,409
He trusts me.
1105
01:15:11,265 --> 01:15:15,071
You see, this is why I love you.
1106
01:15:22,694 --> 01:15:25,196
Pomp and circumstance abound
1107
01:15:25,231 --> 01:15:29,566
in Pretoria as large crowds
gather to welcome dignitaries
1108
01:15:29,601 --> 01:15:32,661
for a celebration of
South Africa's independence
1109
01:15:32,696 --> 01:15:34,465
from the United Kingdom.
1110
01:15:36,826 --> 01:15:40,546
Congratulations, gentlemen,
to our new republic,
1111
01:15:41,563 --> 01:15:44,700
free of interference from
the British Commonwealth,
1112
01:15:44,800 --> 01:15:48,803
the Queen and Macmillan's "Wind of Change."
1113
01:15:48,965 --> 01:15:54,068
God bless our Republic of South Africa!
1114
01:15:54,103 --> 01:15:55,793
The Republic of South Africa!
1115
01:16:01,916 --> 01:16:06,403
The final hours before the
verdict were the longest.
1116
01:16:07,244 --> 01:16:10,582
After all this time,
1117
01:16:10,760 --> 01:16:13,863
after all our struggles,
1118
01:16:14,027 --> 01:16:19,766
my heart was full of fear and doubt.
1119
01:16:19,801 --> 01:16:23,471
What will become of me...
1120
01:16:23,572 --> 01:16:26,142
my family...
1121
01:16:26,593 --> 01:16:28,428
my country?
1122
01:16:39,516 --> 01:16:43,316
You know, all those years
ago, when we first met,
1123
01:16:43,398 --> 01:16:44,571
I said to myself,
1124
01:16:44,660 --> 01:16:49,118
"This young man is a Godsend."
1125
01:16:49,205 --> 01:16:52,342
Whatever happens in this trial now,
1126
01:16:52,435 --> 01:16:57,139
I know that one day you will be our leader.
1127
01:16:57,253 --> 01:16:58,875
Thank you, Walter.
1128
01:17:01,824 --> 01:17:03,144
Silence in the court.
1129
01:17:03,245 --> 01:17:04,573
All rise.
1130
01:17:18,493 --> 01:17:24,767
The verdict in this trial
for treason is as follows:
1131
01:17:24,867 --> 01:17:29,404
"We the judges accept that
the African National Congress
1132
01:17:29,543 --> 01:17:32,634
"has been working to replace
the government of South Africa
1133
01:17:32,669 --> 01:17:36,840
"with a radically-different form of state.
1134
01:17:37,015 --> 01:17:41,811
"We also accept that the ANC
used illegal means of protest.
1135
01:17:43,214 --> 01:17:47,382
"Finally, we accept that
the movement has a strong
1136
01:17:47,417 --> 01:17:49,498
"left-wing tendency,
1137
01:17:49,533 --> 01:17:54,055
"which is both
anti-west and pro-Soviet.
1138
01:17:55,229 --> 01:17:58,666
"On the evidence presented
to the court, however,
1139
01:17:58,768 --> 01:18:01,535
"it is impossible for
us to accept that the ANC
1140
01:18:01,570 --> 01:18:06,750
"is, in itself, a Communist organization.
1141
01:18:07,462 --> 01:18:13,347
"But the crux of this trial
is, and has always been,
1142
01:18:13,382 --> 01:18:15,417
"this question:
1143
01:18:15,566 --> 01:18:18,281
"Have these members of
the ANC before the court
1144
01:18:18,316 --> 01:18:21,230
"been attempting to overthrow
the State of South Africa
1145
01:18:21,271 --> 01:18:23,573
"by violent means?
1146
01:18:23,737 --> 01:18:27,708
"The judges find, unanimously,
1147
01:18:27,848 --> 01:18:29,796
that the prosecution has failed..."
1148
01:18:29,831 --> 01:18:32,235
"...to make this case.
1149
01:18:32,335 --> 01:18:37,473
"We, therefore, find all the accused...
1150
01:18:37,572 --> 01:18:41,080
Not Guilty."
1151
01:18:41,115 --> 01:18:43,017
Yes!
1152
01:19:14,773 --> 01:19:16,475
They could re-arrest you at any moment.
1153
01:19:16,510 --> 01:19:18,114
We need to move you.
1154
01:19:18,149 --> 01:19:19,411
I have to go.
1155
01:19:19,520 --> 01:19:21,965
We will see each other again soon.
1156
01:19:38,652 --> 01:19:40,786
Where are they taking him, Mrs. Mandela?
1157
01:19:43,366 --> 01:19:44,634
I wish I knew.
1158
01:19:44,718 --> 01:19:46,720
Oh, don't you worry, Mrs. Mandela,
1159
01:19:46,954 --> 01:19:48,540
we'll find him for you.
1160
01:19:58,310 --> 01:20:03,310
Sync and corrections by explosiveskull
www.addic7ed.com
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