All language subtitles for 04 - Why do we tell stories.eng

Before we start telling
our story,

let's first see
why humans

tell stories.

Why do we like
to tell them?

Why are we interested in them?

It seems to me that we tell stories
to understand the world a bit.

To organize it because, truthfully,
the world is a constant chaos.

Stories help us
to understand it in some way.

Stories are money,
religion, morals

and many things around us
related to fictions

that we learned for a long time,
from the myths.

Money, religions, morals,

there are things that are fictions
that we humans believe

and that helps us to live
in a more orderly way.

Let's see why we like to tell
stories to humans.

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"It all starts with a story"
is a phrase of Joseph Campbell

who is a mythologist, writer and teacher

who devoted himself to researching
about myths

in different cultures,
in different civilizations

throughout history
and found similar patterns.

Everything was put in a book
that I recommend

that is called
"The hero of the thousand faces".

So, to see a little why
we like stories so much

or why human
is so attracted to this,

it occurred to me to bring
three quotes from three people.

The first one, if they are in script
and if they already investigated about script,

maybe they know
the figure of Robert McKee,

that became
a very outstanding personality,

highly criticized by some
and revered by others.

Wrote a book called: "Story"
or "The Script: substance, structure,

style and principles
of script writing".

There, somehow,
did as a kind of bible

about the current script idea.

The Hollywood script idea,

that we're used to
when we go to the movies.

Robert McKee says:

"We go to the cinema to access
to a new and fascinating world,

to virtually supplant
another human being

that at first seems strange to us,
but in the end it's like us,

to live in a fictional reality

that illuminates our daily reality ".

Then we'll come back to this.

Then he says:

"We do not want to escape from life
when going to the cinema, but to find it,

we want to use our mind
in a stimulating and experimental way,

make our emotions more flexible,
enjoy, learn,

bring depth to our days. "

In a way, what McKee

is that we do not like
the stories anymore,

but somehow
we want to escape from reality,

but after we return to reality
enriched by that story.

Let's see the point of view
of a historian

named Yuval Noah Harari.

Wrote a book called:
"From animals to gods:

brief history of humanity"

What Harari says is
how we become

humans in "Homo" sapiens "
and in this type of beings that we are now,

differentiating ourselves from all species.

Mostly talk about fiction.

Let's see what it says.

"How did

" Homo sapiens "to cross
this critical threshold

and end up founding cities

that had tens
of thousands of inhabitants

and empires that governed
to hundreds of millions of people?

The secret was, surely,
the appearance of fiction.

A large number of strangers
can cooperate successfully

if they believe in common myths

Any human cooperation
on a large scale,

be it a modern state,
a medieval church,

an ancient city
or an archaic tribe,

is established on common myths

that only exist
in the collective imagination of people.

Churches, for example,
are based on common religious myths. "

What Harari says here
is that that fiction

is what characterizes us

and what differentiates us
from other species

and is, fundamentally,
what that allowed us to cooperate.

This cooperation made
that we got very far

and we could organize
in a very sophisticated way.

The last character I bring is
Jean-Claude Carrière.

is a screenwriter.

wrote many movies.

He worked with Luis Buñuel.

wrote a book I like called

"The circle of liars"
and that's where I got this quote from.

Carrière says: "The story is there

to make us forget the bloody
and extreme ugliness of the world

or its monotonous stupidity.

It's the evasion,
transports us to the country of Oblivion

But when it is skillful,

quickly redirects us
to that world

that we thought we were free of.

The mirror
as well as the hand that holds it

We did not take long to recognize
in fiction. "

mean, somehow

looks like what McKee says,
said in a more poetic way.

What is saying
and what I'm left with

is that we go to the movies,
we see stories,

at the beginning to entertain
or to think about something else

because reality is very difficult,

but finally that story
ends up turning us

and we see reality in a different way.

So I keep that,

which is that we make stories
or that we tell stories

to transform the reality of others

and to transform
the reality of the world.

What are the scriptwriters,

the storytellers,
the filmmakers?

I like to think,

always thinking about contents
for children's audience,

that we are the ones who would come to be
the wise men of the tribes.

When dads and mothers
of the smallest of the tribe

went hunting,
left them with someone

and those wise men told them,
maybe around the fire , stories.

Those stories had to do with:

"Do not go any further,
there is a precipice and you can fall".

O: "If they go further,
there is an animal that can eat them."

O: "If you eat of these fruits
will give you diarrhea."

And for that they invented stories.

So I like to think
that we have that childhood listening.

We can tell you something
to help you live,

help you grow

and I think we have a great opportunity.

In the next lesson
we will see how

we can contribute
with our work.