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Hi, within this lecture, re going to understand what is ever upside.
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Everything to cover some of the terms that you may need to know before you go into the pen testing of
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the Web applications and Web sites.
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OK, so I'm going to explain all of this terms.
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I'm going to explain a couple of bit more so that you will be ready to start this course.
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So first of all, Web sites are actually files and folders stored in a computer.
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OK, but this computer has access to the Internet so everybody can actually reached his computer and
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get the requests that they make in order to see the related pages relate to their applications, why
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they were there browsing, for example.
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As you can see, there is a router, which is the Malda more router in your home and you have a computer.
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Right.
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So if you want to go to Google dot com, for example, you make a request and you forward that the request
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from your computer to your router.
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Right.
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And then router.
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We'll forward that request to the Internet.
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We'll go to that Web sites cohosting.
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We'll go to the computer of that Web site is hosted on.
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So hosting means that and the IP addresses are very important in this case.
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So, first of all, let me tell you all about the IP addresses so you won't get confused.
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You don't have to do that.
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Just let me do this for you.
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If you search for what is my IP in Google, OK, like this, it will show you the public IP that you're
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going to have your you have.
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OK.
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So this is my public IP address.
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Of course I'm censoring this so that you won't see mine.
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OK.
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You shouldn't share your public IP address if you don't see it.
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There you can just click one of the links over here to see it.
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And again, you don't have to do that.
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I'm just doing this for an example.
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And this public IP address is same for old computers or devices.
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They're connected to your router in your home.
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So your phone has the same public IP address.
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Your computer has the same public IP address.
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But they have different local IP addresses in this one nine two one six eight oh eleven thing represents
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one of the examples that we may get this local IP addresses are actually located by the router itself.
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And if you have installed your clinics and if you have it's running, you can actually see your public
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or local IP address by typing something into terminal.
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You don't have to do that again.
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I'm just doing this for an example.
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Let me just change my keyboard over here and fire on if configure IFCO Ficke, it will show me the configuration
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of my interfaces.
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And this is my local IP address, which is Tenno two for I'm getting a ten or two X IP address since
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we're operating in the net network.
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And if you want to see yours in Windows, for example, you can always run IP config in your comment
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prompt.
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But again, you don't have to do that.
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I'm just doing this to demonstrate to you the different kinds of IP addresses.
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OK.
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So as we have a public IP address, the hosting de computer that hosts this Web site, Google dot com,
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has an public IP address as well.
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And we actually pinged that IP address or we actually send their request to that IP address and get
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a response back to our router.
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And we forward that response to the related computer so that they can see what's going on on that Web
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site.
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It's pretty easy to actually understand an IP address of a website.
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I'm going to show you what is this?
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And the Domain is actually the name of that Web site like Google dot com.
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So hosting is the computer or server that hosts the full files and folders that create the Web site.
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Domain is the name of that Web site and DNS is actually the intermediary server like of a new type Google
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dot com.
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It finds the related IP address and it sends the request to that IP address.
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And we find the V actually match the IP address, correct IP address with the correct domain using DNS,
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which is domain name servers.
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OK.
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So domain name servers.
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So when we type Google dot com or some other Web sites by using DNS domain name servers, we find his
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IP address and be forwarded our requests and get back to responses.
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And we see the responses like a Web site in our browser.
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And if you open your colonics and just typing Google dot com, it will start to pink Google dot.com
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and we will see the IP address of the Google like that.
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And you can just closes down by typing controls here on your keyboard.
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So this is the public IP address of the Google.
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So Google uses this IP address for us to reach their servers and get the responses back.
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So that's it's actually that's how websites work.
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Right.
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And let's we're going to do we're going to try and understand what kind of vulnerabilities or what kind
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of secretive flaws are residing in that server or in that hosting show that we can submit those flaws
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to the related company and get some bounty's back.
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OK.
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So this is how an internal and external environment works, of course.
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There are a lot of details about this networking operations as well.
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But that's all we need to know right now.
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You need to know the hosting.
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You need to know DNS and you need to know the domain as well.
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At least what they mean, because we're going to deal with those things a lot during our course.
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So let's stop here and continue within the next one.
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