All language subtitles for 004 Front-End vs. Back-End Web Development_Downloadly.ir_en

So now that you have

a good overview of how the web works

behind the scenes, let's learn

about what back-end web development actually is

and how it compares to front-end development,

because this is a very important distinction

in the web development world.

So in order to distinguish between

the front-end and the back-end

of a website and of web development

as a general, we still consider

the same client-server architecture

that we talked about before.

So in general terms, front-end development

is about everything that happens in the web browser.

So it's about designing and building

the final website that's gonna

be visible to the user, and therefore,

the name front-end.

The front-end developer uses

the basic technologies: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript,

which together form the front-end technology stack.

Now, many modern front-end developers

add more stuff to the front-end stack

like React or Angular or Redux or GraphQL

or whatever is cool these days.

So these technologies make front-end development easier

and all these technologies together

that a developer or a team decides

to use on the front-end, is their

front-end stack, okay?

And you probably already know most

of this stuff anyway, but I still wanna give you

a brief overview of how everything fits

into the bigger picture here.

All right, and now moving on to the back-end.

This part of web development is

about everything that happens on the web server,

so everything that is invisible

to the final user and therefore

the name back-end, okay?

And since we're talking about the server site now,

let's actually define what a server really is.

Well a basic server is really just a computer

that is connected to the internet

which, first, stores a website's files

like HTML, CSS, and images,

and second, runs an HTTP server

that is capable of understanding URLs,

requests, and also delivering responses.

So this piece of HTTP server software

is what actually communicates with the browser

using requests and responses.

Therefore, it is like the bridge

between the front-end and the back-end

of a website or web application.

Now a simple web server like the one

I just described is called a static server,

because all it can really do is

to serve static files to the client via HTTP.

If you just need to host a simple website,

then this is really all you need.

But if you wanna take it to the next level

and create dynamic web applications

that talk to databases and all that good stuff,

we use a server that is also capable

of running OR dynamic applications,

just like the code that we wrote

and executed in the intro section of the course.

This is then called a dynamic server,

where we have OR app running,

an HTTP server, and of course,

the files all talking to each other.

And in some cases, that's all we need

for OR applications, but usually

when we build dynamic websites or apps,

we will also use a database,

which we can access right from our applications.

By the way, if the term static

and dynamic websites or applications

are a bit confusing for you, no problem.

We will talk about that right in the next video.

Anyway, we can use the database

to store stuff like users or application data

or text to fill up a website template.

In any serious application, there will always

be a database and our back-end code

will communicate with that data base.

So, some usual stuff that is handled

on the back-end or the server side

as we can also call it to create user profiles,

perform log-in's, send emails, handle payment,

retrieve and send request data from a database

to a client, manipulate data in the database,

fill up website templates, and so much more.

And we will do many of these exciting things

throughout the course, actually all of them really.

Now about the technology as you can guess,

we are gonna use NodeJS as a dynamic web server

and MongoDB as our database,

so datas or back-end stack.

But there are so many different back-end technologies

and stacks available for the back-end.

Things like PHP with MySQL database

or Python with PostgreSQL database

or some people use Ruby on Rails

maybe with even some other database.

But, since you wanna learn NodeJS

well we are gonna use exactly that.

And the most popular database that is used

with Node is, without a doubt, MongoDB.

And, so, that is our choice for a back-end stack.

Now, you might have heard the term full stack before,

and that simply is the front-end

plus the back-end stacks together.

So, the developer that does both front-end

and back-end development can call himself

a full stack developer, but these developers

are getting increasingly rare,

especially because the front-end

is becoming more and more complex these days.

Finally, another thing that I wanted to quickly mention

is that, as you can see, we're gonna use Node

applied to back-end web development

and not something like hardware programming.

So, you can technically use Node for stuff like

flying drones, programming robots,

or developing software for IFT devices.

But, that is outside the scope of this course.

If you want to program IFT devices with Node,

well this course is still going to be useful for you,

it's just not the focus of the projects

that we are gonna build, okay?

All right and I guess that summarizes the difference

between the front-end side and the back-end side

of web development, so that going forward,

you have a good idea of the domains

where NodeDS is actually used in the real world.