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(birds singing)
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(vehicles whooshing)
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Everyone is intimidated by a shark. Become
a Card Shark AMERICASCARDROOM.COM
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(gentle instrumental music)
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(metal clanking)
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(lively instrumental music)
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- President Rios Montt and
I have had a useful exchange
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of ideas on the
problems of the region
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and on our bilateral relations.
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(birds singing)
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(rain drizzling)
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- This is a very normal
scene for an exhumation.
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However, it's just as special
as every other exhumation.
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These are at least three people.
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Three lives, three families.
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We are here at the
families' request
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with their trust in what we're doing.
(Crying)
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Many people come to
the site with the hope
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that they will be able to
learn what really happened
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to their loved ones.
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The hope that the body of that
loved one will be identified
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and eventually
given back to them
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so that they can bury it
properly in a dignified way.
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(gentle instrumental music)
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Forensic Anthropology
is the application
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of physical anthropology
techniques to a criminal setting.
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To establish certain things
like the age, the sex,
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but most importantly what
makes it actually forensic
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is trying to understand
how the person died.
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Although the recollection of
evidence serves the purpose
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of justice, it serves the
purpose of truth just as well.
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After we recover the body,
we have to analyze that body
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and compare it to the information
of the missing person
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that was forcibly disappeared
or extralegally executed.
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And that's what happened here.
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These communities were
targeted as a strategy
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to get rid of them.
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We have about 2,000 bodies
stored in these cardboard boxes.
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The FAFG has conducted over
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From all the investigations
we carried out,
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the Dos Erres investigation
really stands out.
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00:06:19,840 --> 00:06:22,480
Usually we are looking
to identify the dead,
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but here we were
looking for the living.
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We were looking for Oscar.
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- If you talk to people who
know about what happened here,
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the Oscar story became
kinda the poster child
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of the past in Guatemala.
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The Civil War in Guatemala was
one of the longest civil wars
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in Central America.
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It started in the '50s
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when they deposed a
democratically elected president
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that was basically engineered
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with the help of
the United States.
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It was right on the heels
of the Cuban revolution,
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so everybody's thinking that
Guatemala is gonna become Cuba.
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- The question before
us all is can freedom
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in the next generation conquer
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or are the Communists
going to be successful?
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That's the great issue.
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00:07:15,480 --> 00:07:18,518
- Jacobo Arbenz was the
first elected leader
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to be overthrown by the
United States government.
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And it created tremendous and
very violent repercussions
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inside the country that
lasted for decades,
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and in some senses still
reverberate in Guatemala today.
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(energetic instrumental music)
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(guns firing)
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- The Guatemalan
conflict stands out
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for the sheer volume of deaths,
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00:07:43,800 --> 00:07:45,996
the brutality of the military,
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00:07:46,280 --> 00:07:48,556
the one-sidedness
of the conflict,
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basically the Guatemalan military
against leftist guerillas.
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And so the US does see
in a Cold War prism,
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so you have a US trained,
US backed military.
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- We've been slow to
understand that the defense
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00:07:59,920 --> 00:08:01,752
of the Caribbean
and Central America
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00:08:02,080 --> 00:08:04,469
against Marxist/Leninist
takeover is vital
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00:08:04,760 --> 00:08:06,956
to our national security in
ways we're not accustomed
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to thinking about.
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What we can do is help to give
them the skills and supplies
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00:08:12,520 --> 00:08:15,080
they need to do the
job for themselves.
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- The US continued to support
the Guatemalan military always
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with this idea that the
military was the best
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and first bulwark against rising
Communism in Latin America.
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(guns firing)
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- When Efrain Rios Montt
took over in a coup
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in March of 1982,
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he basically brought
in a new set of rules
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of fighting the war.
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- By that time,
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there were already red
flags waving over Guatemala
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about the human rights crisis
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that was unfolding
in the country.
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There were already these
mutilated bodies showing up
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in the streets.
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And it was very
clear by July of 1982
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that the peace had accelerated
immensely under Rios Montt.
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And that hundreds of
villages were being razed
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to the ground, and
tens of thousands
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of people were being killed.
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That was the story of 1982.
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And there was report
after report coming out,
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trying to get to
the bottom of this.
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Who was doing this, why.
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With the White House
sending people to say,
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you know, it's the fog of
war, it's very unclear,
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the guerrillas are very violent.
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They're very brutal.
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We believe they're the
ones doing the massacres.
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We believe they're dressing
up in military uniforms
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and massacring people.
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(tense instrumental music)
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December 1982, Reagan and
Rios Montt meet in person
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for the first time.
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- [Announcer] Ladies
and Gentleman,
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the President of the
Republic of Guatemala,
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Efrain Rios Monti,
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and the President of the
United States of America.
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- Reagan is openly admiring
of the head of state
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of Guatemala and says
that he thinks Rios Montt
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has received a bum rap from
human rights organizations
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00:10:35,040 --> 00:10:38,715
on the abuses that are
taking place under his regime
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and that he offers the
best democratic alternative
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that Guatemala could hope for.
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- I know that President
Rios Montt is a man
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of great personal
integrity and commitment.
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00:10:50,120 --> 00:10:51,918
I have assured the President
that the United States
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is committed to support his
efforts to restore democracy
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and to address the root causes
of this violent insurgency.
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- President Reagan made those
comments about Rios Montt
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on December 4th, 1982,
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which was just two
days before a unit
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of Special Forces in
Guatemala, the Kaibiles,
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entered the village
of Dos Erres.
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(eerie music)
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- Weeks before the
Dos Erres massacre
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there's an ambush carried
out by leftist guerrillas
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on the Guatemalan military,
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and it's a victory
for the guerillas,
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and they are able to
kill some soldiers
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and make off with
20 or 21 rifles.
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00:11:57,560 --> 00:11:59,153
And that's seen as a humiliating
defeat by the military,
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and the order goes
out that we need
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to find the perpetrators of
this ambush, recover the rifles,
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and teach them a lesson.
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00:12:07,400 --> 00:12:08,834
The intelligence that
comes in suggests
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that this guerrilla unit
that committed this ambush
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may be somewhere in the
vicinity of Dos Erres.
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The rapid reaction force,
this squad of twenty Kaibiles
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with a support team of
additional commandos is sent
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to attack Dos Erres, find the
guerrillas, find the rifles,
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and punish those responsible.
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(tense instrumental music)
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00:12:30,320 --> 00:12:34,029
(dramatic instrumental music)
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- This is one of several
documents that we obtained
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about the Dos Erres massacre.
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This actually is a cable
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that the US Embassy
in Guatemala City sent
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to the State Department
in Washington
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about the first intimations
that something had happened
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00:12:56,280 --> 00:12:59,671
in Dos Erres in the Peten.
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The cable is written
in late December 1982,
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so it's some weeks after the
massacre has taken place.
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Source said there have been
three theories, all rumors,
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00:13:12,040 --> 00:13:14,031
concerning the
incident in Dos Erres.
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One, the army arrested
all the inhabitants
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and took them into the jungle.
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00:13:19,240 --> 00:13:23,677
Two, the army took the men
to the army base in Poptun,
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00:13:23,960 --> 00:13:27,191
and the women and children to
the army base in San Benito.
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Three, the army killed
everyone in the village,
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dumped them into the well,
and covered the well over.
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Though no bodies
have been found,
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all the people have disappeared.
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(eerie music)
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00:16:18,680 --> 00:16:22,310
(gentle instrumental music)
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00:16:26,520 --> 00:16:28,830
- [Kate] Parallel to the
massacres that were taking place
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in the countryside, the
Guatemalan government also tried
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00:16:32,640 --> 00:16:37,032
to eliminate people that
it perceived as a threat,
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00:16:37,320 --> 00:16:40,392
as an enemy of the
state inside the cities.
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(tense instrumental music)
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00:16:46,280 --> 00:16:48,749
We're talking about people
in the universities,
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00:16:49,040 --> 00:16:50,599
the scholars, the students.
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00:16:50,880 --> 00:16:53,030
We're talking about
lawyers, and journalists,
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00:16:53,360 --> 00:16:54,998
and artists, and writers.
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00:16:56,640 --> 00:16:59,996
And the way the government
dealt with urban enemies was
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to disappear them.
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- People were targeted,
because they decided
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00:17:05,600 --> 00:17:08,160
to attempt to
change the country.
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00:17:11,120 --> 00:17:14,715
- The bodies were usually
buried in clandestine locations,
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00:17:15,000 --> 00:17:16,991
sometimes on the
same military bases
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where they were tortured.
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Those disappeared people grew
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00:17:23,200 --> 00:17:26,636
into an enormous
population of the vanished.
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00:17:31,040 --> 00:17:32,075
By the end of the war,
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00:17:32,400 --> 00:17:34,073
the Truth Commission
says there were
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00:17:34,400 --> 00:17:36,710
some 40,000 disappeared people.
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I would say that the
army inadvertently
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00:17:45,320 --> 00:17:47,470
and unintentionally
created activists
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00:17:47,760 --> 00:17:50,195
whose beloved ones
were disappeared,
199
00:17:50,480 --> 00:17:52,596
taken away and
who couldn't stand
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00:17:52,920 --> 00:17:55,150
not doing anything about it.
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00:17:58,120 --> 00:17:59,076
- [Fredy] A lot of
family members began
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00:17:59,360 --> 00:18:01,351
to get together and
form organizations.
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00:18:01,680 --> 00:18:04,115
One of those
organizations is FAMDEGUA,
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00:18:04,400 --> 00:18:08,109
Families of the Detained and
the Disappeared of Guatemala.
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00:18:08,440 --> 00:18:10,397
- FAMDEGUA was one of the
first groups that went in
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00:18:10,680 --> 00:18:12,591
and tried to son of
document what happened
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00:18:12,880 --> 00:18:13,950
in the countryside at a time
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00:18:14,240 --> 00:18:17,517
when in Guatemala
nobody dared to do it.
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00:18:18,880 --> 00:18:21,599
- And they're lead by
a very impressive woman
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00:18:21,880 --> 00:18:25,236
who is still today
looking for her brother.
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00:19:39,360 --> 00:19:40,839
- [Fredy] When FAMDEGUA
learned of the massacre
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00:19:41,120 --> 00:19:44,158
at Dos Erres, they
decided to investigate.
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00:19:44,440 --> 00:19:48,229
To help all the family members
look for their missing.
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00:19:52,680 --> 00:19:54,591
- [Ana] The villagers had
been told not to go in there,
215
00:19:54,920 --> 00:19:56,274
and they were all
terrified to go back
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00:19:56,560 --> 00:19:58,437
and try to dig
through the rubble.
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00:19:58,720 --> 00:20:02,714
So the area remained a ghost
town for more than a decade.
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00:20:03,000 --> 00:20:06,675
(gentle instrumental music)
219
00:20:06,960 --> 00:20:09,679
(machine whirring)
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00:21:51,440 --> 00:21:53,192
- Forensic
Anthropology allows you
221
00:21:53,480 --> 00:21:57,360
to use very specific techniques
to document evidence,
222
00:21:57,640 --> 00:22:00,359
and then later reproduce this
evidence in a court of law
223
00:22:00,640 --> 00:22:03,871
to explain it to a judge, to
explain it to the prosecutor,
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00:22:04,160 --> 00:22:06,390
to explain it to the family.
225
00:22:07,440 --> 00:22:08,839
- [Kate] In the
case of Dos Erres,
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00:22:09,120 --> 00:22:10,838
you have one of the
earliest exhumations
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00:22:11,120 --> 00:22:12,838
ever done in Guatemala.
228
00:22:37,800 --> 00:22:39,029
- She's investigating this
at a time where the powers
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00:22:39,320 --> 00:22:40,276
that committed these atrocities
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00:22:40,560 --> 00:22:42,631
are very much still
active and strong.
231
00:22:42,960 --> 00:22:45,076
And the military really
hasn't been touched.
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00:22:49,640 --> 00:22:53,031
(tense instrumental music)
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00:26:43,040 --> 00:26:46,112
- [Kate] Many people felt
that there would be justice.
234
00:26:46,400 --> 00:26:50,439
That the worst of the worst
would be brought to account.
235
00:26:53,200 --> 00:26:57,433
But impunity in Guatemala is
as intrinsic to that culture
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00:26:57,760 --> 00:27:00,115
as its volcanoes and its coffee.
237
00:27:00,960 --> 00:27:01,995
It's powerful.
238
00:27:02,280 --> 00:27:03,600
It's intransigent.
239
00:27:03,880 --> 00:27:05,712
It's very hard to break.
240
00:27:07,360 --> 00:27:11,638
(tense instrumental music)
241
00:27:17,480 --> 00:27:21,599
- Rios Montt decided in November
of 1982 to use the Kaibiles
242
00:27:22,840 --> 00:27:25,593
as this kind of
mobile killing unit.
243
00:27:27,560 --> 00:27:28,880
- Through this policy,
244
00:27:29,200 --> 00:27:30,838
Rios Montt really unleashes
these commandos, the Kaibiles,
245
00:27:31,160 --> 00:27:32,594
who are among the best-trained
246
00:27:32,920 --> 00:27:36,117
and the most famously
brutal in the hemisphere.
247
00:27:36,400 --> 00:27:38,789
- [Kate] The Kaibil unit,
very much modeled itself
248
00:27:39,080 --> 00:27:43,039
on the US Special Forces.
249
00:27:44,320 --> 00:27:46,596
- They're designed to
terrorize the populous.
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00:27:46,880 --> 00:27:47,950
Going into certain areas
251
00:27:48,240 --> 00:27:49,992
where they feel the guerillas
are the most active.
252
00:27:50,280 --> 00:27:52,749
Particularly indigenous areas
and this scorched-earth policy
253
00:27:53,040 --> 00:27:56,476
of massacre, you know,
as a tool of warfare.
254
00:28:21,880 --> 00:28:23,109
- She's actually on the radio
255
00:28:23,400 --> 00:28:24,959
in these military controlled
areas where there has been
256
00:28:25,240 --> 00:28:27,675
so much killing and
brutality appealing
257
00:28:27,960 --> 00:28:30,031
to people who know about
this to come forward.
258
00:28:30,320 --> 00:28:31,833
And then she gets
this incredible tip,
259
00:28:32,120 --> 00:28:33,440
one of the soldiers
who was involved
260
00:28:33,720 --> 00:28:37,395
in the massacre
wants to talk to her.
261
00:28:46,320 --> 00:28:49,790
(tense instrumental music)
262
00:30:55,120 --> 00:30:57,634
- [Sebastian] Fabio Pinzon
is not a full-fledged Kaibil.
263
00:30:57,920 --> 00:30:59,274
He's actually a cook.
264
00:30:59,560 --> 00:31:02,439
He's always felt like within
this elite, hard as nails group
265
00:31:02,720 --> 00:31:04,358
that he was treated
as an underling.
266
00:31:04,640 --> 00:31:07,029
So he's breaking this
incredible code of silence,
267
00:31:07,320 --> 00:31:09,789
and that could get him killed.
268
00:31:27,640 --> 00:31:29,039
- So she's got this remarkable,
269
00:31:29,360 --> 00:31:31,874
first hand confession
from a soldier,
270
00:31:32,200 --> 00:31:33,349
which in the annuls
271
00:31:33,640 --> 00:31:37,190
of the Guatemalan dirty
war is extremely rare.
272
00:31:37,480 --> 00:31:40,313
Pinzon gives her
investigation a jolt forward.
273
00:31:40,600 --> 00:31:41,829
And he convinces
another soldier,
274
00:31:42,160 --> 00:31:43,958
and this guy who is an
actual full-fledged Kaibil,
275
00:31:44,240 --> 00:31:47,119
Cesar lbanez, also
to speak to her.
276
00:32:09,520 --> 00:32:12,034
(eerie music)
277
00:35:19,520 --> 00:35:21,989
- We welcome change
and openness,
278
00:35:22,280 --> 00:35:26,319
for we believe that freedom
and security go together.
279
00:35:27,960 --> 00:35:30,031
That the advance of human
liberty can only strengthen
280
00:35:30,320 --> 00:35:32,277
the cause of world peace.
281
00:35:34,240 --> 00:35:36,550
Mr. Gorbachav, open this gate.
282
00:35:37,720 --> 00:35:39,119
(crowd yelling)
283
00:35:39,440 --> 00:35:42,159
Mr. Gorbachav, tear
down this wall.
284
00:35:46,320 --> 00:35:50,439
- The Guatemalan civil
conflict went on for 36 years,
285
00:35:52,840 --> 00:35:56,595
and it really only
finally came to an end
286
00:35:56,920 --> 00:35:58,991
in the mid 1990s
for two reasons.
287
00:35:59,280 --> 00:36:02,079
Number one, the Cold War
ended, the Berlin Wall fell,
288
00:36:02,360 --> 00:36:07,196
and it didn't make as much
sense to continue to fight,
289
00:36:07,480 --> 00:36:11,314
or to back a war that was
so centrally organized
290
00:36:13,200 --> 00:36:15,430
around anti-Communism.
291
00:36:15,720 --> 00:36:17,552
In December of 1996,
292
00:36:17,840 --> 00:36:20,070
the government signed the
final peace agreement,
293
00:36:20,400 --> 00:36:22,994
which ended the
war for, for good.
294
00:36:32,840 --> 00:36:36,196
- Finally, you had talks
in Oslo, Norway that led
295
00:36:36,480 --> 00:36:39,359
to the signing of an
accord about human rights
296
00:36:39,640 --> 00:36:42,439
that included the creation
of a truth commission.
297
00:36:42,760 --> 00:36:45,832
The Truth Commission
had recommended
298
00:36:46,120 --> 00:36:50,114
that the government take
on the responsibility
299
00:36:50,400 --> 00:36:53,119
of finding the disappeared,
of identifying mass graves,
300
00:36:53,400 --> 00:36:57,109
of exhuming bodies as
part of its reparations
301
00:36:57,440 --> 00:36:59,238
to affected communities.
302
00:37:00,560 --> 00:37:02,915
But the government
was not inclined
303
00:37:03,240 --> 00:37:05,356
to participate at that level.
304
00:37:08,040 --> 00:37:11,670
(gentle instrumental music)
305
00:37:36,440 --> 00:37:38,556
- [Sebastian] Sara Romero's
a young, rookie prosecutor
306
00:37:38,840 --> 00:37:40,877
who's assigned this case.
307
00:37:41,160 --> 00:37:42,514
- Her first year
out of law school,
308
00:37:42,800 --> 00:37:45,314
Sara Romero gets thrown
this case I'm sure
309
00:37:45,600 --> 00:37:48,274
because nobody else
wanted to handle it.
310
00:37:59,440 --> 00:38:00,953
- She tries to stan
investigating what happened
311
00:38:01,240 --> 00:38:02,355
in Dos Erres.
312
00:38:02,640 --> 00:38:05,029
Her focus is getting the
testimony of these two soldiers,
313
00:38:05,320 --> 00:38:09,359
which is going to be
absolutely crucial and unique.
314
00:38:25,480 --> 00:38:27,391
- The soldiers' testimony is
very important for two reasons.
315
00:38:27,680 --> 00:38:30,354
Number one, it's extremely rare
to have soldiers confessing
316
00:38:30,640 --> 00:38:32,313
to having participated
in a massacre,
317
00:38:32,600 --> 00:38:34,318
the actual participants
to describe it.
318
00:38:34,600 --> 00:38:36,398
Number two, they open the door
319
00:38:36,680 --> 00:38:38,637
to an even more
remarkable, powerful piece
320
00:38:38,960 --> 00:38:40,439
of potential evidence,
which is that they describe
321
00:38:40,720 --> 00:38:44,350
that two little boys
survive the massacre,
322
00:38:44,640 --> 00:38:47,075
and were taken away by soldiers.
323
00:39:16,720 --> 00:39:19,280
- Sara Romero knows that
she's got potentially rare
324
00:39:19,560 --> 00:39:21,631
and powerful legal
ammunition here,
325
00:39:21,960 --> 00:39:23,280
where she can actually
maybe build a case
326
00:39:23,560 --> 00:39:25,153
against the military
for the massacre,
327
00:39:25,440 --> 00:39:28,273
so she needs to
find these two boys.
328
00:40:03,520 --> 00:40:07,275
(gentle instrumental music)
329
00:42:40,800 --> 00:42:42,518
- [Sebastian] Oscar has no
memories whatsoever of Dos Erres.
330
00:42:42,800 --> 00:42:44,757
As far as he knows, he's
brought up by this family
331
00:42:45,080 --> 00:42:48,960
and taught to revere this
lieutenant who was his father.
332
00:42:49,240 --> 00:42:50,958
You talk to people in that town,
333
00:42:51,240 --> 00:42:53,038
he's someone who's seen
as a heroic figure,
334
00:42:53,320 --> 00:42:56,631
who died shortly after
bringing Oscar back.
335
00:43:09,640 --> 00:43:13,110
(gentle instrumental music)
336
00:43:54,480 --> 00:43:58,030
(gentle instrumental music)
337
00:44:00,080 --> 00:44:02,435
- Sara Romero runs into
a series of dead ends.
338
00:44:02,720 --> 00:44:04,393
The family is not very helpful.
339
00:44:04,680 --> 00:44:05,670
There's great resentment
340
00:44:05,960 --> 00:44:07,075
that she could be
investigating the Lieutenant
341
00:44:07,360 --> 00:44:08,509
and suggesting that
he's something other
342
00:44:08,800 --> 00:44:11,633
than this heroic military man.
343
00:44:47,400 --> 00:44:49,914
- So Sara Romero goes out
and does her detective work
344
00:44:50,240 --> 00:44:52,595
and actually finds
Santos Alonzo,
345
00:44:52,880 --> 00:44:57,317
the Kaibil that took the other
little boy from Dos Erres.
346
00:44:57,600 --> 00:44:59,079
She doesn't have this
high-powered squad
347
00:44:59,360 --> 00:45:00,589
of cops accompanying her.
348
00:45:00,920 --> 00:45:02,558
It's pretty much her and
an assistant going out
349
00:45:02,880 --> 00:45:04,837
to this remote, still
dangerous area trying
350
00:45:05,120 --> 00:45:07,111
to investigate this massacre.
351
00:45:07,400 --> 00:45:10,836
(tense instrumental music)
352
00:46:36,040 --> 00:46:37,997
- She starts asking around, and
the military starts hearing.
353
00:46:38,280 --> 00:46:41,750
Oh, why does the prosecutor
want to talk to Ramiro?
354
00:47:26,680 --> 00:47:30,196
(gentle instrumental music)
355
00:48:05,160 --> 00:48:06,753
- A lot of these kids
who were abducted
356
00:48:07,040 --> 00:48:10,431
by soldiers were brought back
to homes often in rural areas.
357
00:48:10,720 --> 00:48:11,949
And raised, not
necessarily as part
358
00:48:12,280 --> 00:48:13,714
of the family like Oscar was.
359
00:48:14,000 --> 00:48:14,956
That's kind of unique.
360
00:48:15,280 --> 00:48:18,511
They were raised almost
as indentured servants.
361
00:48:45,280 --> 00:48:47,920
- [Sebastian] Ramiro was
raised in an abusive household.
362
00:48:48,200 --> 00:48:50,396
His nightmare did not end
with the Dos Erres massacre,
363
00:48:50,680 --> 00:48:53,194
which he was old
enough to remember.
364
00:50:21,280 --> 00:50:23,794
(eerie music)
365
00:52:21,000 --> 00:52:23,469
- Salome Hernandez and his
brother have the epic misfortune
366
00:52:23,760 --> 00:52:25,831
of arriving in the
middle of this massacre,
367
00:52:26,160 --> 00:52:28,879
and being grabbed and taken
by the rest of these people.
368
00:52:29,200 --> 00:52:31,430
But Salome is one of
the few who manages
369
00:52:31,720 --> 00:52:33,358
to escape and survive.
370
00:53:44,800 --> 00:53:46,677
- This is where things
start to go bad.
371
00:53:46,960 --> 00:53:49,190
One of the lieutenants
the second in command,
372
00:53:49,480 --> 00:53:52,120
Rosales Batres, rapes a woman.
373
00:53:52,400 --> 00:53:56,030
And when he does that, other
soldiers follow his lead.
374
00:53:56,320 --> 00:53:59,517
This operation degenerates
into barbarity.
375
00:54:12,040 --> 00:54:14,919
- This goes on for hours, so
at some point in the morning,
376
00:54:15,200 --> 00:54:17,635
some of the women who
have been raped are forced
377
00:54:17,920 --> 00:54:19,479
to feed the soldiers.
378
00:54:37,400 --> 00:54:39,437
- The morning sort of builds
and the commanders are talking
379
00:54:39,720 --> 00:54:40,994
to one another and
they're on the radio back
380
00:54:41,280 --> 00:54:42,600
to supervisors elsewhere,
381
00:54:42,920 --> 00:54:45,480
but at some point the decision
is made that they are going
382
00:54:45,800 --> 00:54:49,839
to interrogate the villagers
in the center of town.
383
00:54:56,400 --> 00:54:59,791
(tense instrumental music)
384
00:55:50,400 --> 00:55:53,153
- [Sebastian] Basically they
start going into the school
385
00:55:53,440 --> 00:55:55,556
and into the church and pulling
out the men and the women
386
00:55:55,840 --> 00:55:59,549
and children and taking
them down to this well.
387
00:56:40,480 --> 00:56:42,198
- [Sebastian] They have set
themselves up by the well,
388
00:56:42,480 --> 00:56:44,198
and the people
are brought there,
389
00:56:44,480 --> 00:56:46,994
and one of the first
killed is a small child.
390
00:58:10,640 --> 00:58:14,156
(tense instrumental music)
391
01:00:16,680 --> 01:00:19,115
(somber music)
392
01:00:32,160 --> 01:00:35,118
- By the afternoon,
the massacre is over,
393
01:00:35,440 --> 01:00:37,670
250 people have been killed.
394
01:00:41,720 --> 01:00:42,676
So the well is full,
395
01:00:42,960 --> 01:00:45,873
and the village is
littered with corpses.
396
01:00:48,480 --> 01:00:49,914
And five survivors appear.
397
01:00:50,240 --> 01:00:54,074
Five children, three
girls, and two little boys.
398
01:00:55,760 --> 01:00:56,955
And so for whatever reason the
soldiers decide they're going
399
01:00:57,240 --> 01:00:58,958
to take them with them.
400
01:01:00,880 --> 01:01:02,518
They start the hike
back out of the village.
401
01:01:02,840 --> 01:01:05,229
The girls sadly meet
a horrible fate.
402
01:01:05,520 --> 01:01:07,591
They rape them and they
kill them the next day.
403
01:01:07,880 --> 01:01:11,396
But the boys they
take back with them.
404
01:01:19,440 --> 01:01:21,078
- These little boys are
relatively light skinned
405
01:01:21,400 --> 01:01:22,754
and they have green eyes.
406
01:01:23,040 --> 01:01:24,030
And that kinda makes them
stand out in this region,
407
01:01:24,360 --> 01:01:25,794
which is mostly indigenous.
408
01:01:33,760 --> 01:01:36,912
(gentle instrumental music)
409
01:02:25,040 --> 01:02:29,273
(tense instrumental music)
410
01:02:29,560 --> 01:02:31,710
- This cable is
dated December 31,
411
01:02:32,000 --> 01:02:34,833
so it's just the day after
the US Embassy organized
412
01:02:35,120 --> 01:02:37,873
a flyover of the
Dos Erres village.
413
01:02:39,240 --> 01:02:42,471
This cable describes what
the embassy officer saw
414
01:02:42,760 --> 01:02:43,875
when they went to the region
415
01:02:44,160 --> 01:02:47,630
where the massacre
had taken place.
416
01:02:47,920 --> 01:02:49,911
On December 30,
three mission members
417
01:02:50,240 --> 01:02:53,312
and a third country
diplomat visited Poptun
418
01:02:53,600 --> 01:02:56,592
and Las Cruces, El
Peten in an attempt
419
01:02:56,880 --> 01:03:00,032
to check an alleged
massacre at Dos Erres.
420
01:03:02,960 --> 01:03:07,477
Dos Erres consists of scattered
houses and groups of houses.
421
01:03:07,800 --> 01:03:10,314
They are all deserted
and many have been burnt.
422
01:03:10,640 --> 01:03:11,994
Army officials said guerrillas,
423
01:03:12,280 --> 01:03:15,113
quote took the
people away, unquote.
424
01:03:16,800 --> 01:03:20,430
At this point, the helicopter
pilot refused to touch down.
425
01:03:20,720 --> 01:03:23,951
He did agree, however, to
sweep low over the area.
426
01:03:24,240 --> 01:03:26,516
There were no signs of life.
427
01:03:28,640 --> 01:03:31,598
It is somewhat difficult to
believe that the disappearance
428
01:03:31,880 --> 01:03:35,271
and possible liquidation of
hundreds of people so close
429
01:03:35,560 --> 01:03:39,269
to Las Cruces could remain
a mystery for weeks.
430
01:03:40,640 --> 01:03:42,870
Based on information
reported by source
431
01:03:43,160 --> 01:03:46,471
and on site observations
made on December 30,
432
01:03:46,800 --> 01:03:48,279
the Embassy must conclude
433
01:03:48,560 --> 01:03:50,119
that the party most
likely responsible
434
01:03:50,400 --> 01:03:53,791
for this incident is
the Guatemalan army.
435
01:04:00,040 --> 01:04:02,600
After reading these
cables, you would think
436
01:04:02,880 --> 01:04:06,589
that that would have
led to, at a minimum,
437
01:04:06,880 --> 01:04:10,510
a pronouncement on the part of
the United States government
438
01:04:10,800 --> 01:04:12,757
about what was
happening in Guatemala.
439
01:04:13,040 --> 01:04:14,713
And to the contrary.
440
01:04:15,000 --> 01:04:17,879
It's simply, it
sank like a stone.
441
01:04:19,920 --> 01:04:24,312
You had a complicity by
omission, a Reagan government
442
01:04:24,600 --> 01:04:27,956
that was not willing
to call out its allies
443
01:04:29,120 --> 01:04:31,031
in the Guatemalan state.
444
01:04:32,360 --> 01:04:36,319
Very shortly after this,
in January of 1983,
445
01:04:36,640 --> 01:04:40,315
the Reagan administration once
again went back to Congress
446
01:04:40,640 --> 01:04:44,679
to try to get a new aid package
for the Guatemalan military.
447
01:04:46,080 --> 01:04:50,392
That's how little the
Reagan administration took
448
01:04:50,680 --> 01:04:52,956
into account reports like this.
449
01:04:55,360 --> 01:04:59,672
- The US government by
accepting this massacre happened
450
01:04:59,960 --> 01:05:02,554
and the Scorched Earth
campaign of Rios Montt
451
01:05:02,840 --> 01:05:06,913
was a tacit participant of
the massacres that continued.
452
01:05:09,840 --> 01:05:12,195
- The Dos Erres massacre
is very distinct,
453
01:05:12,480 --> 01:05:15,836
but at the same time,
just like many others.
454
01:05:16,120 --> 01:05:18,839
There are many things that we
see over and over, the rape,
455
01:05:19,120 --> 01:05:22,397
the sexual abuse of
women and little girls.
456
01:05:24,680 --> 01:05:27,877
The separation of the
women from the men.
457
01:05:28,160 --> 01:05:30,720
The length of
detention to make sure
458
01:05:31,000 --> 01:05:33,116
that people were
tortured publicly
459
01:05:33,440 --> 01:05:37,195
and all of these things
happened at Dos Erres.
460
01:05:37,480 --> 01:05:41,872
- The Dos Ewes Massacre
was one oi 82% massacres
461
01:05:42,200 --> 01:05:44,032
that have been documented
462
01:05:44,320 --> 01:05:47,438
by the UN sponsored
Truth Commission.
463
01:05:47,720 --> 01:05:48,915
(eerie music)
464
01:05:49,200 --> 01:05:51,953
- [Kate] There are an
estimated 200,000 civilian
465
01:05:52,240 --> 01:05:55,870
dead in Guatemala.
466
01:05:56,160 --> 01:05:57,389
- [Sebastian] There are
hundreds of other massacres
467
01:05:57,720 --> 01:05:59,199
like this with great impunity.
468
01:05:59,480 --> 01:06:01,312
These massacres are not
quote unquote solved
469
01:06:01,640 --> 01:06:03,870
and no one is ever punished.
470
01:06:27,840 --> 01:06:29,274
- If the government isn't ready,
471
01:06:29,560 --> 01:06:32,359
and there's no political
will to actually prosecute,
472
01:06:32,640 --> 01:06:33,960
there will be no prosecution.
473
01:06:34,240 --> 01:06:36,914
That's very common in Guatemala.
474
01:06:39,040 --> 01:06:40,110
- There's this
crescendo of activity,
475
01:06:40,400 --> 01:06:41,515
which you would expect to lend
476
01:06:41,840 --> 01:06:43,069
to some kind of
immediate resolution,
477
01:06:43,360 --> 01:06:45,271
and instead, the case
ends up in legal limbo
478
01:06:45,600 --> 01:06:47,637
for almost another decade.
479
01:06:50,280 --> 01:06:53,910
Around 2009, there is some
progress with the case,
480
01:06:54,200 --> 01:06:55,873
the Inter-American
Court of Human Rights,
481
01:06:56,160 --> 01:06:59,198
an external regional body,
acting on legal actions filed
482
01:06:59,480 --> 01:07:02,950
by FAMDEGUA rules in their favor
and issues a judicial order
483
01:07:03,280 --> 01:07:05,351
that Guatemala should
pursue this case,
484
01:07:05,640 --> 01:07:07,119
and it also makes
public the list
485
01:07:07,400 --> 01:07:10,392
of those commandos
charged in Guatemala.
486
01:07:12,280 --> 01:07:13,953
Now things come full
circle and the US,
487
01:07:14,240 --> 01:07:15,913
and lmmigrations
Customs and Enforcements
488
01:07:16,200 --> 01:07:17,998
in particular has an interesting
unit that they have set up
489
01:07:18,280 --> 01:07:20,669
to pursue war criminals
from all over the world.
490
01:07:20,960 --> 01:07:23,156
And ICE starts going through
its records and its documents,
491
01:07:23,440 --> 01:07:25,113
and it identifies a
number of the commandos
492
01:07:25,400 --> 01:07:27,198
as long time US residents.
493
01:07:37,280 --> 01:07:38,918
- I received an
investigative referral.
494
01:07:39,240 --> 01:07:40,992
It was from the Human
Rights War Crimes Unit
495
01:07:41,320 --> 01:07:42,754
in Washington D.C.
496
01:07:48,080 --> 01:07:50,720
They came across
Gilberto Jordan's name
497
01:07:51,040 --> 01:07:53,873
and knew that he
was in the country.
498
01:07:57,280 --> 01:07:59,032
That's one of the first
things I wanted to do was just
499
01:07:59,320 --> 01:08:00,390
to see where is the man living
500
01:08:00,720 --> 01:08:03,109
that's been accused
of these crimes.
501
01:08:03,400 --> 01:08:05,960
You want to try to see what
does this person do day to day,
502
01:08:06,240 --> 01:08:08,231
what is their life like now'?
503
01:08:10,320 --> 01:08:11,833
He had a nice little home.
504
01:08:12,120 --> 01:08:13,599
Appeared to have a nice family.
505
01:08:13,880 --> 01:08:16,838
Mr. Jordan was working as a
cook at a high-end country club.
506
01:08:17,120 --> 01:08:18,599
At one point one of his
fellow employees told me
507
01:08:18,880 --> 01:08:21,190
he was the best employee there.
508
01:08:22,560 --> 01:08:23,914
- He's got three kids.
509
01:08:24,240 --> 01:08:26,470
He's got a son who has
himself joined US Military
510
01:08:26,760 --> 01:08:30,116
as US citizen, and
served in Iraq.
511
01:08:30,400 --> 01:08:31,310
- [Jon] What I first did is
512
01:08:31,600 --> 01:08:34,274
I get his application
for naturalization.
513
01:08:34,560 --> 01:08:35,595
This is the form you fill out
514
01:08:35,920 --> 01:08:39,072
when you want to become
a United States citizen.
515
01:08:39,360 --> 01:08:42,193
- ICE can't prosecute
these guys for war crimes.
516
01:08:42,480 --> 01:08:44,198
But in order to prosecute
for immigration crimes
517
01:08:44,480 --> 01:08:46,278
it essentially has to
prove that they lied
518
01:08:46,600 --> 01:08:48,557
when they got their
citizenship or their residence.
519
01:08:48,840 --> 01:08:50,160
And essentially build a
miniature war crimes case
520
01:08:50,440 --> 01:08:52,078
against them, even if
it's just to convict them
521
01:08:52,360 --> 01:08:54,556
of a crime as seemingly
prosaic or mundane
522
01:08:54,840 --> 01:08:58,799
as lying on your
citizenship application.
523
01:08:59,080 --> 01:09:01,879
- On this form, they ask you
specifically were you ever
524
01:09:02,160 --> 01:09:03,230
in a foreign military.
525
01:09:03,520 --> 01:09:05,158
Mr. Jordan had put no.
526
01:09:06,440 --> 01:09:08,351
They asked if he had
committed any crimes,
527
01:09:08,640 --> 01:09:11,234
even for which he
had not been charged.
528
01:09:11,520 --> 01:09:13,033
He had put no.
529
01:09:13,320 --> 01:09:16,278
So him being in the
military is important,
530
01:09:16,560 --> 01:09:17,880
but what is more important is
531
01:09:18,160 --> 01:09:20,800
that I place him
at that massacre.
532
01:09:22,320 --> 01:09:23,276
- It's a tricky thing.
533
01:09:23,560 --> 01:09:24,231
He talks about it
with the prosecutors,
534
01:09:24,520 --> 01:09:25,715
and they tell him look,
535
01:09:26,000 --> 01:09:27,195
we've got this information
from Guatemala,
536
01:09:27,480 --> 01:09:28,879
the Inter-American
court all that,
537
01:09:29,160 --> 01:09:32,676
but it's going to be very hard
unless you get a confession.
538
01:09:32,960 --> 01:09:34,359
- One of the things
I'm told is that a lot
539
01:09:34,680 --> 01:09:35,590
of the killing started
540
01:09:35,880 --> 01:09:38,349
when he threw an
infant into the well.
541
01:09:38,640 --> 01:09:42,793
I need Mr. Jordan to admit
his role in the massacre.
542
01:09:43,080 --> 01:09:44,593
The decision is made.
543
01:09:46,240 --> 01:09:50,598
Let's go knock on his door
and let's see what happens.
544
01:09:50,880 --> 01:09:54,760
We go outside Mr. Jordan's
house in the morning.
545
01:09:55,080 --> 01:09:58,357
We go to the door and
we're knocking on it.
546
01:09:58,640 --> 01:09:59,914
We're armed.
547
01:10:00,200 --> 01:10:01,873
I'm going to the house of
someone who was highly trained.
548
01:10:02,160 --> 01:10:04,151
He's a Special Forces soldier.
549
01:10:04,440 --> 01:10:07,000
So, Mr. Jordan
won't open the door.
550
01:10:07,280 --> 01:10:09,032
We're a little nervous.
551
01:10:10,320 --> 01:10:11,151
- [Sebastian] They stop
his wife on the street
552
01:10:11,440 --> 01:10:12,714
and they get his
wife to call him.
553
01:10:13,000 --> 01:10:13,990
And sure enough,
554
01:10:14,280 --> 01:10:16,191
Jordan has been dreading
this moment for years.
555
01:10:16,520 --> 01:10:18,193
And Jordan says to her,
they're here to kill me.
556
01:10:18,520 --> 01:10:19,874
She goes, no they're
the cops, it's okay,
557
01:10:20,160 --> 01:10:20,797
you can open the door.
558
01:10:21,080 --> 01:10:22,115
He says, they've got guns.
559
01:10:22,440 --> 01:10:23,032
She says, yes but
they're the cops,
560
01:10:23,360 --> 01:10:25,556
it's okay, you can open up.
561
01:10:25,840 --> 01:10:29,879
- We sat down at his kitchen
table and we started to talk.
562
01:10:33,080 --> 01:10:35,993
We started with the
military things.
563
01:10:37,280 --> 01:10:38,998
Do you know so and so?
564
01:10:40,240 --> 01:10:41,913
And he'd say "yeah
oh I knew him.
565
01:10:42,200 --> 01:10:46,797
"I worked underneath him, he
was my commanding officer."
566
01:10:47,080 --> 01:10:47,751
He's upset.
567
01:10:48,040 --> 01:10:50,270
I can see he's visibly upset.
568
01:10:50,560 --> 01:10:53,791
- It's almost like he had
been waiting, dreading,
569
01:10:54,080 --> 01:10:55,798
but accepting that that
moment was going to happen,
570
01:10:56,080 --> 01:10:57,912
and someone was going to
come and ask him about this.
571
01:10:58,200 --> 01:11:00,555
He just starts talking about it.
572
01:11:02,160 --> 01:11:05,755
- Mr. Jordan breaks down and
starts talking about the well.
573
01:11:06,040 --> 01:11:08,919
So we asked him, you know,
who went into the well.
574
01:11:09,240 --> 01:11:12,232
And his response was
todo, meaning all.
575
01:11:12,520 --> 01:11:14,830
Everybody went into the well.
576
01:11:16,360 --> 01:11:17,953
He described to us
that he was crying,
577
01:11:18,240 --> 01:11:21,073
he was upset at
what was happening
578
01:11:21,360 --> 01:11:24,478
and that he threw the
baby into the well.
579
01:11:28,440 --> 01:11:30,590
Gilberto Jordan pled guilty
580
01:11:30,920 --> 01:11:33,196
to the crime of
naturalization fraud.
581
01:11:33,480 --> 01:11:34,834
He didn't fight it.
582
01:11:36,600 --> 01:11:39,433
- In the United States,
all of the sudden,
583
01:11:39,720 --> 01:11:43,475
one of the named Kaibiles
is in jail for 10 years.
584
01:11:43,760 --> 01:11:47,310
That was like an electric
shock in Guatemala.
585
01:11:49,680 --> 01:11:53,799
It made people believe that
perhaps this could happen,
586
01:11:55,520 --> 01:11:58,831
that there could be some
justice in this case.
587
01:11:59,160 --> 01:12:02,152
- ICE generates evidence, they
generate Jordan's confession.
588
01:12:02,440 --> 01:12:04,192
So now you got a confession
in the US legal system.
589
01:12:04,480 --> 01:12:06,357
And they send all this
information to Sara Romero.
590
01:12:06,640 --> 01:12:09,473
Now, she's got even
more ammunition.
591
01:12:10,400 --> 01:12:12,835
- The other critical catalyst
592
01:12:13,120 --> 01:12:15,794
that pushed this case
forward was the naming
593
01:12:16,080 --> 01:12:19,471
in December of 2010
of Claudia Paz Y Paz
594
01:12:19,760 --> 01:12:22,991
to be the attorney
general of Guatemala.
595
01:12:43,920 --> 01:12:46,753
- Once Claudio Paz Y Paz was
appointed as Attorney General,
596
01:12:47,080 --> 01:12:49,754
one of the first things she
did was empower the prosecutors
597
01:12:50,040 --> 01:12:52,998
to resume the Dos
Erres Investigation.
598
01:12:53,280 --> 01:12:56,830
The other important factor
of the case at this time was
599
01:12:57,120 --> 01:13:00,317
that we developed DNA
capacity in Guatemala.
600
01:13:00,640 --> 01:13:04,270
So we decided to go and exhume
the bodies for a second time
601
01:13:04,600 --> 01:13:08,070
and try to identify by
comparing the DNA profiles
602
01:13:08,400 --> 01:13:12,837
of the skeletons with those
DNA profiles of the families.
603
01:13:13,120 --> 01:13:14,394
- So Sara Romero now
has an attorney general
604
01:13:14,680 --> 01:13:15,590
who's supporting her,
605
01:13:15,880 --> 01:13:17,757
she's got this
information from the US.
606
01:13:18,080 --> 01:13:19,479
She's got Pinzon and lbanez.
607
01:13:19,760 --> 01:13:20,591
She's got Ramiro's story.
608
01:13:20,880 --> 01:13:22,473
So she's determined
now to try again
609
01:13:22,760 --> 01:13:26,469
despite all the time
that's past to find Oscar.
610
01:13:46,600 --> 01:13:48,830
- [Sebastian] And she goes
back to talk to the doctor
611
01:13:49,120 --> 01:13:50,315
who she'd talked
to years earlier
612
01:13:50,600 --> 01:13:51,715
and this time he's a
little more helpful
613
01:13:52,000 --> 01:13:55,118
and he tells her look, Oscar
is in the United States.
614
01:14:00,960 --> 01:14:03,759
- I don't have a number for
him, but I know he's married.
615
01:14:04,080 --> 01:14:05,195
I'm trying to remember
his wife's name.
616
01:14:05,480 --> 01:14:08,393
Her nickname is La
Flaca, the skinny one.
617
01:14:36,640 --> 01:14:38,597
- It's almost comical to
think of a prosecutor going
618
01:14:38,880 --> 01:14:42,157
into a pretty big town,
Zacapa, and knocking on doors
619
01:14:42,440 --> 01:14:45,512
and asking for La
Flaca, and finding her.
620
01:15:20,600 --> 01:15:23,114
(phone ringing)
621
01:16:04,800 --> 01:16:08,475
- How do you tell someone you're
not who you think you are.
622
01:16:08,760 --> 01:16:11,593
And your life up until
now has been a lie.
623
01:16:40,920 --> 01:16:44,675
(gentle instrumental music)
624
01:19:52,680 --> 01:19:55,069
- So Oscar decides to go
ahead and do the DNA test.
625
01:19:55,360 --> 01:19:57,829
And Fredy Peccerelli comes up.
626
01:20:00,480 --> 01:20:03,438
- We had no idea that this
would eventually lead us
627
01:20:03,720 --> 01:20:06,439
to a little town
outside of Boston.
628
01:20:09,400 --> 01:20:12,438
(whistle vibrating)
629
01:20:12,720 --> 01:20:14,040
I actually have to say
that I was surprised
630
01:20:14,360 --> 01:20:15,873
by everything about Oscar.
631
01:20:16,200 --> 01:20:19,591
About his demeanor,
about the way he looked.
632
01:20:21,800 --> 01:20:24,553
He looked whiter
than I expected.
633
01:20:24,880 --> 01:20:28,077
He has very light eyes,
almost green eyes.
634
01:20:32,600 --> 01:20:34,273
He was very at ease.
635
01:20:34,560 --> 01:20:36,915
He didn't look worried.
636
01:20:37,200 --> 01:20:39,919
I think he still
didn't believe it.
637
01:20:55,640 --> 01:20:59,270
(gentle instrumental music)
638
01:21:04,600 --> 01:21:06,830
- We took Oscar's DNA
sample back to Guatemala,
639
01:21:07,120 --> 01:21:09,111
to the DNA lab of the FAFG,
640
01:21:09,400 --> 01:21:13,951
and we had to compare it
to the sample of Ramiro,
641
01:21:14,240 --> 01:21:16,959
the other boy.
642
01:21:17,240 --> 01:21:20,949
And then also to all the
families in Dos Erres.
643
01:21:23,160 --> 01:21:25,913
About a month and a half,
maybe two months went by,
644
01:21:26,200 --> 01:21:30,273
and I got the results and the
first thing I thought of is,
645
01:21:33,240 --> 01:21:35,231
wow, we have to call him.
646
01:21:43,160 --> 01:21:46,118
So, I called his
home, and he answered.
647
01:21:47,400 --> 01:21:50,597
I said Oscar we
have the results.
648
01:21:50,920 --> 01:21:54,879
Ramiro, the other boy,
is not your brother.
649
01:21:55,160 --> 01:21:57,310
And he said 0h I knew that.
650
01:21:57,640 --> 01:22:01,031
However, his DNA matched
that of an older man
651
01:22:03,520 --> 01:22:07,639
that was looking for his
family among all the bones.
652
01:22:08,800 --> 01:22:10,711
And that he was still alive,
653
01:22:11,000 --> 01:22:13,913
so I told Oscar we
found your father,
654
01:22:14,880 --> 01:22:16,678
your biological father.
655
01:22:18,440 --> 01:22:20,909
And he didn't say anything
for a couple of seconds.
656
01:22:21,240 --> 01:22:23,311
(gentle instrumental music)
657
01:23:05,920 --> 01:23:07,399
- [Sebastian] Tranquilino
Castaneda, that day
658
01:23:07,680 --> 01:23:09,034
oi We Dos Ewes massacre,
659
01:23:09,320 --> 01:23:10,958
happened to be working
in fields outside
660
01:23:11,240 --> 01:23:13,356
of Dos Erres and he survived.
661
01:23:42,320 --> 01:23:44,960
- The next step is how are
we gonna tell Tranquilino,
662
01:23:45,280 --> 01:23:49,353
because he was looking for his
family among the skeletons,
663
01:23:49,640 --> 01:23:52,029
hopefully to be able
to rebury the bodies.
664
01:23:52,320 --> 01:23:56,029
But he was never looking
for a living relative.
665
01:23:57,160 --> 01:23:58,958
So we brought
Tranquilino to the room,
666
01:23:59,240 --> 01:24:03,199
and I had Oscar on a computer
via the internet and I said,
667
01:24:05,640 --> 01:24:07,790
"Oscar, this is Tranquilino.
668
01:24:08,080 --> 01:24:10,151
"Tranquilino, this is Oscar."
669
01:24:11,440 --> 01:24:13,431
- And Aura Elena
says to Tranquilino,
670
01:24:13,720 --> 01:24:14,949
"Do you know who that is'?
671
01:24:15,240 --> 01:24:18,073
"That's your son."
672
01:24:18,400 --> 01:24:19,799
(lively instrumental music)
673
01:24:47,280 --> 01:24:48,270
- Tranquilino calls Oscar
674
01:24:48,600 --> 01:24:50,318
by the name he remembers
was Alfredo, Alfredito
675
01:24:50,640 --> 01:24:51,914
which is a diminutive.
676
01:24:52,200 --> 01:24:54,476
What the Lieutenant had done,
right, in sort of this act
677
01:24:54,760 --> 01:24:57,070
of mercy that accompanies
this act of brutality
678
01:24:57,400 --> 01:24:59,357
is not only had he
spared this boy,
679
01:24:59,640 --> 01:25:01,517
but he preserves the
name Alfredo Castaneda,
680
01:25:01,800 --> 01:25:02,756
which is his real name.
681
01:25:03,040 --> 01:25:06,271
So he's Oscar Alfredo
Ramirez Castaneda.
682
01:26:01,200 --> 01:26:04,795
(gentle instrumental music)
683
01:26:14,240 --> 01:26:16,151
- After Tranquilino got a visa
684
01:26:16,480 --> 01:26:17,993
from the United
States government,
685
01:26:18,280 --> 01:26:22,353
we made arrangements for him
to fly up here, and meet Oscar.
686
01:28:44,440 --> 01:28:48,320
(lively instrumental music)
687
01:28:52,400 --> 01:28:54,357
- Oscar's DNA profile
matching Tranquilino
688
01:28:54,680 --> 01:28:56,353
and proving that they
were father and son,
689
01:28:56,680 --> 01:28:59,320
thereby putting Oscar at
the scene of the crime,
690
01:28:59,640 --> 01:29:03,599
and having him now be living
evidence of what happened.
691
01:29:05,880 --> 01:29:09,999
That was all presented at two
different trials in Guatemala.
692
01:29:11,560 --> 01:29:14,200
(crowd clapping)
693
01:29:44,960 --> 01:29:48,874
(lively foreign language music)
694
01:32:18,680 --> 01:32:21,399
(plane whooshing)
695
01:32:51,640 --> 01:32:55,474
(lively instrumental music)
696
01:33:09,680 --> 01:33:13,799
I Took a picture that
I'll have to send
697
01:33:19,320 --> 01:33:23,439
I People here are
friendly and content
698
01:33:28,920 --> 01:33:33,073
I People here are
colorful and bright
699
01:33:38,880 --> 01:33:42,760
♪ The flowers often
bloom at night
700
01:33:48,880 --> 01:33:51,759
I Amanita is the name
701
01:33:52,920 --> 01:33:56,709
I The flowers cover everything
702
01:33:58,360 --> 01:34:02,069
I The flowers cover everything
703
01:34:18,160 --> 01:34:22,279
♪ The flowers often
bloom at night
704
01:34:28,120 --> 01:34:31,238
I Amanita is the name
705
01:34:32,520 --> 01:34:36,195
I They cover over everything
705
01:34:37,305 --> 01:34:43,818
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