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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,770 --> 00:00:05,120 First Britain's future we will be looking at is a retailer in brain. 2 00:00:05,460 --> 00:00:07,880 It's located deep inside the skull. 3 00:00:07,950 --> 00:00:12,570 It's the home of our individual survival instincts and is responsible to deal with life threatening 4 00:00:12,570 --> 00:00:15,570 situations not to be technically correct. 5 00:00:15,570 --> 00:00:20,430 It works closely together with the limbic amygdala which is located in the next brain search and Colvert 6 00:00:20,880 --> 00:00:22,260 in the next lecture. 7 00:00:22,590 --> 00:00:27,870 The term reptilian brain refers to the Iranians believe that we inherited this part of the brain from 8 00:00:27,900 --> 00:00:29,910 our reptilian ancestors. 9 00:00:29,910 --> 00:00:31,220 Now this is incorrect. 10 00:00:31,230 --> 00:00:36,750 However as amphibians and fish also share this part of the brain we most probably have to go back to 11 00:00:36,750 --> 00:00:40,490 our common evolutionary ancestor of all vertebrates. 12 00:00:40,500 --> 00:00:45,860 The other thing with the reptilian denomination is that this part of the brain is only concern is its 13 00:00:45,870 --> 00:00:47,730 own individual survival. 14 00:00:47,730 --> 00:00:54,420 Now I know I know it's unfortunate just to name one some crocodiles take care of their offspring by 15 00:00:54,420 --> 00:00:58,040 letting them hide in their mouth for all these reasons. 16 00:00:58,050 --> 00:01:02,720 This part of the brain is sometimes also referred to as the primitive brain. 17 00:01:02,750 --> 00:01:07,870 Anyway just to be clear we do not have an actual reptilian brain in our head. 18 00:01:07,980 --> 00:01:09,850 It's an image being used here. 19 00:01:10,150 --> 00:01:11,240 Good. 20 00:01:11,280 --> 00:01:15,970 So the reptilian brain has three and only three ways of responding to a threat. 21 00:01:16,020 --> 00:01:19,560 You're probably already familiar with the famous fight or flight response. 22 00:01:19,650 --> 00:01:23,640 Actually there is one more flight fight freeze. 23 00:01:23,880 --> 00:01:29,830 So back in the stone age when a caveman would notice his being followed by a pack of hungry wolves. 24 00:01:30,000 --> 00:01:32,120 Three things would happen. 25 00:01:32,150 --> 00:01:38,910 The first strategy our caveman would try to run a thing with wolves is that they are pretty fast our 26 00:01:38,910 --> 00:01:44,650 legs may be longer but they got four of them so our running them is pretty much impossible. 27 00:01:45,820 --> 00:01:48,780 Second option for cave caveman is to fight them off. 28 00:01:48,940 --> 00:01:51,860 If the danger is not too strong this could work actually. 29 00:01:52,060 --> 00:01:57,610 Sometimes it's enough to intimidate by making ourselves look bigger making much noise throwing stuff 30 00:01:57,610 --> 00:01:58,660 around. 31 00:01:59,110 --> 00:02:04,900 Unfortunately we're in the stone age so much more than sticks and stones won't be available and the 32 00:02:04,900 --> 00:02:12,070 walls while there are a lot of them they got claws and sharp teeth and strong jaws. 33 00:02:12,220 --> 00:02:15,430 The odds are definitely not looking good. 34 00:02:15,670 --> 00:02:19,330 Last but not least our caveman can freeze. 35 00:02:19,330 --> 00:02:24,670 This means he makes himself as small as possible so the thread won't see him or won't find him interesting 36 00:02:24,670 --> 00:02:26,010 enough as lunch. 37 00:02:26,050 --> 00:02:31,330 The best survival option for our Gavyn though would have been to find a big tree and climb up there 38 00:02:31,480 --> 00:02:35,190 hoping the walls would tire and eventually walk away. 39 00:02:35,200 --> 00:02:41,320 So here we are thirty thousand years later and there aren't that many packs of wolves or any other hungry 40 00:02:41,320 --> 00:02:42,710 predators for that matter. 41 00:02:42,820 --> 00:02:47,560 Running around in our big cities or even in the countryside it's so great. 42 00:02:47,650 --> 00:02:49,820 No more need for the reptilian brain. 43 00:02:50,380 --> 00:02:52,100 Well not quite. 44 00:02:52,240 --> 00:02:57,100 In our modern lives the reptilian brain still gets activated in situations of life or death. 45 00:02:57,250 --> 00:03:02,410 Even if these are quite few if you're crossing the street and a car comes right at you you will have 46 00:03:02,410 --> 00:03:05,270 the same instinctive reaction as our caveman. 47 00:03:05,270 --> 00:03:09,760 The first reaction is to jump away or flight in the second face. 48 00:03:09,790 --> 00:03:13,850 You might consider stopping the car with both your hands like Superman does. 49 00:03:13,870 --> 00:03:16,250 However that might not work. 50 00:03:16,270 --> 00:03:20,500 The third reaction is to freeze like a rabbit caught in the spotlight at night. 51 00:03:20,590 --> 00:03:24,460 You'll just stop moving altogether if you're lucky the car might miss you. 52 00:03:25,430 --> 00:03:30,180 Bird our reptilian brain also gets activated when our live is not in danger. 53 00:03:30,350 --> 00:03:35,690 And that ladies and gentlemen is what today we call stress. 54 00:03:35,840 --> 00:03:38,790 Stress is a defense mechanism to a perceived danger. 55 00:03:39,720 --> 00:03:47,130 Now I didn't say danger I said perceived danger because humans are probably the only species capable 56 00:03:47,130 --> 00:03:53,520 of worrying for something that might never happen anyway so when we feel stressed we actually still 57 00:03:53,520 --> 00:03:57,210 use those same three strategies as our friend the caveman. 58 00:03:57,630 --> 00:04:00,150 The flying becomes anxiety. 59 00:04:00,350 --> 00:04:08,370 Ever felt nervous before a test or when you had to give a presentation that is a free stress fighting 60 00:04:08,370 --> 00:04:09,920 becomes aggressivity. 61 00:04:10,100 --> 00:04:14,760 Ever came home after a nerve wracking day at the office and you started shouting at the kids or your 62 00:04:14,760 --> 00:04:17,240 partner over something trivial. 63 00:04:17,550 --> 00:04:20,650 That is the stress and action. 64 00:04:20,700 --> 00:04:27,300 Finally the free stress becomes helplessness and I faced this daunting task where you didn't even know 65 00:04:27,300 --> 00:04:28,280 where to begin. 66 00:04:28,410 --> 00:04:30,900 Only thinking about it made you feel depressed. 67 00:04:31,230 --> 00:04:34,260 Well that is the free stress. 68 00:04:34,390 --> 00:04:40,030 So to summarize the reptilian brain this brain structure is responsible for our individual survival 69 00:04:40,030 --> 00:04:40,830 instincts. 70 00:04:40,930 --> 00:04:44,580 When activated we feel stress which can take three forms. 71 00:04:44,670 --> 00:04:48,690 Flight fight or freeze or translated in our modern world. 72 00:04:48,820 --> 00:04:51,940 Anxiety aggressivity helplessness. 7220

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