Original subtitles

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What is TPP.

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I'm glad you asked because it was first developed in the US as a military project called ARPANET Advanced

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Research Projects Agency Network.

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This project was developed by the military for military purposes was then used by university and subsequently

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networks developed independently from all over the U.S. and those were named NSF that under a single

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backbone and then spread across a world beyond the original national dimension so actually that flash

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point or the birth of the Internet coincides with this state so that's where we get the protocols that

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will govern that network they regulate the flow of data between computers so then TI CPI IP represents

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two separate protocols that operate on the third and the fourth layer of the OS I model for data transfer

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over the Internet and consequently they're called Transmission Control Protocol TGP and Internet Protocol

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or IP so why DCP IP

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so it's all manufacturer independent they connect different scale of computers

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they can be used to exchange data between different operating system they recognize and they were in

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use by many companies as the first vertical course they're widely used over the Internet it's a roundabout

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protocol they have a common addressing scheme in the DCP IP operation model is shown here

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application layer this layer contains the application that sends the data and the protocol that this

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application uses.

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So this is a layer that the user interacts with so here in contain the various protocols for the user

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to use so these protocols correspond to the application that are activated by the user.

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So for example the HDP protocol is activated when the user wants to open a web page.

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If the user wants to send an email and the S.M. tepee protocol will be activated transmission layer

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DCP and UDP protocols work in this layer transport layer has the following properties session multiplexes.

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So multiple machines can be connected at the same time.

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Data fragmentation.

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So data can be divided into segments the data to be sent can be divided into pieces low control connection

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can be put on hold for many reasons during data transmission data can be resumed when conditions are

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appropriate and that's how flow control works pretty much there is a connection oriented feature so

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it means that before the data gets transferred the relevant parties must establish a connection.

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Data transmission will not start until the connection is established the network layer data is transferred

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to the network card and in this layer the data is converted into electrical signals whether it's a wireless

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card or in either net card the physical layer so that's the layer where the data is transmitted by a

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physical cable whether it's fiber or copper for example when you open a web page the following operations

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will be performed on a server where the web page is located.

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The output of the web page in HMO format is created and the command to send this data via HD TTP protocol.

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This is done in Layer 4 the application layer.

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Data is sent to layer 3 from here.

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Then the transport layer the data port information data size and information will be added and then

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in the network layer the IP address of the server computer.

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And the final size of the data sites are added to the data package.

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Then in the physical layer the physical address information and the final data size are added in the

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package exit the server and reaches your computer.

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And of course when it reaches your computer the operations are repeated in reverse.

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So it handles a physical layer then the network layer then the transport layer and then the application

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layer and then finally it sends the remaining package to your web browser and that's when the page opens

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DCP IP flags so in communicating with DCP IP some flags are used to check the security of the connection

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so these flags will start their communication with the other party the communication ends when the data

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flow is finished and it is confirmed that it is a suitable environment for data transfer so there are

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six TPP flags and these are Syn which is a flag that initiates a connection request with a new sequence

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No

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the acknowledge flag specifies that the data transfer request is confirmed along with the expected sequence

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number push the flag indicating that the system accepts that connection request and sends the buffered

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information erg is the flag that specifies that the packet carrying the flag is transmitted as quickly

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as possible.

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Finn is a flag that indicates it no more information can be sent and the connection should be terminated

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and reset is a flag that resets the connection.

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Re way handshake so before TPP data transfers will start the parties must verify each other and this

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method is called the three way handshake.

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So it works as follows two computers and these are let's say host day and host B.

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Now suppose we want to transfer data from host to host B.

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So step 1 0 stay sends this packet.

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So in this package the since shelf is set to 1 and also included in the package is the sequence number.

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Information step two was to be receives a package from host a and prepares a package descent.

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So in this package the an EC flags are set to 1 it also adds host B's sequence number as well as the

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acknowledgement number to host a and then step 3 most day receives the packet from host B and sets the

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EC flag to 1 sending it to those B by adding the acknowledgement number and that completes the three

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way handshake what is UDP UDP is the user diagram protocol and it's one of the two transport layer protocols

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of DCP IP protocols.

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So it sends data without making a connection UDP is an on reliable transfer protocol it's used in real

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time data transfers such as audio and video transmission in wide area networks or whens it minimizes

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data transmission time by not performing UDP connection setup operations flow control and retransmission

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operation so on UDP and DCP use the same communication path.

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The quality of service of real time data transfer with UDP decreases due to the high data traffic generated

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by DCP.

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Some of the protocols use UDP or DNS DFT IP and as an MP protocols application programmers prefer UDP

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over DCP because UDP does not occupy much bandwidth on the network.