All language subtitles for BBC O Rosto Humano - 2 Aqui está olhando para você

af Afrikaans
ak Akan
sq Albanian
am Amharic
ar Arabic
hy Armenian
az Azerbaijani
eu Basque
be Belarusian
bem Bemba
bn Bengali
bh Bihari
bs Bosnian
br Breton
bg Bulgarian
km Cambodian
ca Catalan
ceb Cebuano
chr Cherokee
ny Chichewa
zh-CN Chinese (Simplified)
zh-TW Chinese (Traditional)
co Corsican
hr Croatian
cs Czech
da Danish
nl Dutch
en English
eo Esperanto
et Estonian
ee Ewe
fo Faroese
tl Filipino
fi Finnish
fr French
fy Frisian
gaa Ga
gl Galician
ka Georgian
de German
el Greek
gn Guarani
gu Gujarati
ht Haitian Creole
ha Hausa
haw Hawaiian
iw Hebrew
hi Hindi
hmn Hmong
hu Hungarian
is Icelandic
ig Igbo
id Indonesian
ia Interlingua
ga Irish
it Italian
ja Japanese
jw Javanese
kn Kannada
kk Kazakh
rw Kinyarwanda
rn Kirundi
kg Kongo
ko Korean
kri Krio (Sierra Leone)
ku Kurdish
ckb Kurdish (Soranî)
ky Kyrgyz
lo Laothian
la Latin
lv Latvian
ln Lingala
lt Lithuanian
loz Lozi
lg Luganda
ach Luo
lb Luxembourgish
mk Macedonian
mg Malagasy
ms Malay
ml Malayalam
mt Maltese
mi Maori
mr Marathi
mfe Mauritian Creole
mo Moldavian
mn Mongolian
my Myanmar (Burmese)
sr-ME Montenegrin
ne Nepali
pcm Nigerian Pidgin
nso Northern Sotho
no Norwegian
nn Norwegian (Nynorsk)
oc Occitan
or Oriya
om Oromo
ps Pashto
fa Persian
pl Polish
pt-BR Portuguese (Brazil)
pt Portuguese (Portugal) Download
pa Punjabi
qu Quechua
ro Romanian
rm Romansh
nyn Runyakitara
ru Russian
sm Samoan
gd Scots Gaelic
sr Serbian
sh Serbo-Croatian
st Sesotho
tn Setswana
crs Seychellois Creole
sn Shona
sd Sindhi
si Sinhalese
sk Slovak
sl Slovenian
so Somali
es Spanish
es-419 Spanish (Latin American)
su Sundanese
sw Swahili
sv Swedish
tg Tajik
ta Tamil
tt Tatar
te Telugu
th Thai
ti Tigrinya
to Tonga
lua Tshiluba
tum Tumbuka
tr Turkish
tk Turkmen
tw Twi
ug Uighur
uk Ukrainian
ur Urdu
uz Uzbek
vi Vietnamese
cy Welsh
wo Wolof
xh Xhosa
yi Yiddish
yo Yoruba
zu Zulu

Original subtitles

Do you find you're endlessly fascinated by this thing on the front of your head?

Well you're not alone

We love faces, our own and other peoples

But why do faces interest us so much

and how much do they really tell us about their owner?

Like us, other animals are also fascinated by what they see in the mirror

but unlike us they think they're looking at another animal

Only chimps, and of course, man can recognise their own reflection

to know that what they see is who they are- well,

the intelligent ones can do that anyway.

Perhaps we pay too much attention to faces

My mother used to say, "You can't tell a book from its cover"

So how much does this mug tell you about its owner?

This is Vicky, a 21 year old student

Sometimes I'll think that, you know,

I'm the hottest chick in town or something you know,

I think, yeah I'm pretty, pretty cool I'm an OK babe, you know

And then it will be somebody's, somebody will give me a really bad look,

and then I'll remember that I don't actually look that way

Vicky has a rare genetic disorder called cherubism

and strangers can find her face unnerving

Some people will just look and then they'll glance away

But every now and then I'll come across someone who'll stare and stare and stare

really cold, hard stares, someone is so curious that

they just can't keep their eyes off of me

Vicky was a normal looking baby

It was only as she started to grow that her parents

noticed that something was wrong

Vicky, when did you first notice that your face was becoming different?

Well, my mum first noticed when I was about 4 years old

and she was brushing my teeth and noticed that

my teeth were kind of higgledy piggledy around my mouth you know not quite normal

So I wasn't born looking like this

How different are you now from how you might have been

if you'd grown up without your face changing?

When I was a little girl I was very bossy and I was very boisterous

and I was a terrible show off and in my brother's christening video,

you know there's me in a dress singing nursery rhymes

and pulling my dress up and being absolutely horrendous

But when I got to the age of 12, 13,

that's when I started to become more withdrawn

because that's when my face started to get more severe

That's when people at school started to bully me

And I think it was all about being popular

When you're a teenager you wanna be popular, you wanna be normal,

you wanna be in, in with the crowd

I've got a 16 year old daughter, so I know how difficult that is

Oh it's awful being a teenage girl,

you know there's nothing worse than being a teenage girl believe me.

The last thing you want to be is different, which is what I was

All the nasty people don't want to know me really

and it's good kind strong people that I have as friends

because they don't really mind the way I look

They like me for me

When people first meet Vicky they sometimes assume she's mentally retarded

but it takes about sixty seconds to discover

she's a bright, funny, warm, woman with a sparkling personality.

So the interesting question is how much information

is our face actually giving out?

And the other question is:

Why does it look like this anyway?

Once upon a time, though life existed, there were no faces

Then along came a sea creature with the first facial feature - a mouth

So it could eat

A mere 200 million years after that innovation,

a creature emerged from the primeval slime

with the prototypes of all our modern features

And the first face to come out of the water and breathe air,

as I'm trying to do, did so in December of our evolutionary year

and it belonged to a little reptile called acanthostega

and I think there's one over there

Now if you look on the top of his head you can see he's got internal ears

But it's those tiny nostrils just there that are so important

And those tiny reptilian orifices are the ancestor of our own hooters

In those days noses were one of the most important features of our faces

Being low down on the ground meant that smell was primary

You were literally led by your nose

Most animals continued to depend on their noses

but our ancestors started to stand upright and that changed everything

as we know 5 million years ago or something of that sort human beings

changed from being on 4 feet to vertical

You're higher so you see better

Any advantage being higher as far as smell's concerned?

Er no, but we don't rely much on smell

We don't walk along with our nose on the ground like, like a 4 footed thing does

As soon as you stand up it's very boring to have to go down

saying "Oh God that was Auntie Margaret"

So the moment you start standing up you, you immediately make smell less important

Yes

So for humans, the dominant sense became vision

We learnt to recognise the world by who and what we saw

So two reasons why the human face is important

First, it means that we've got our sight, hearing,

right at the top of our bodies, near smell and taste which is a good plan

And our face is equally important because our face is nature's name tag

in other word, lt's a particular arrangement in features that tells you I am me

I am not Michall Palon

and also it tells you I'm Northem European and not Polanisan or Asian or Africa

Even though there are 6 billion humans on this planet,

no two faces are exactly alike

Not even identical twins are truly identical

We're all different

But some of us don't want to look different

Lisa comes from Mexico, where her Latin features blend in

But now she's settled in Los Angeles and she wants to fit in with her white friends

Spalding Drive cosmetic surgery and dermatology

...drop your chin just a little bit

She's come to plastic surgeon Paul Nassif to find out

what she could do to change her nose

When I look at myself in the mirror I think I look very Latin

And now even a step further I've actually married a Jewish man

going to synagogue being exposed to a lot of the women there

with these very thin little noses

I actually would like to achieve that type of nose, that's what I'd like

Maybe I can kind've give you a little better understanding

I do like the real thin look of it

Your primary concern is that you nostrils are too wide?

What you're describing to me, it almost sounds like you want to have

more of a Caucasian looking nose - we call that a westernisation rhinoplasty

I think for me socially I would like to have that type of nose

Every time I see someone with a small little nose,

I think gosh I would love to have that type of nose

I think it would be really nice

As well as changing her nose Lisa's also going to try and make herself

look more European by having her eyebrows lifted and her eyes widened

Cannot wait to see what I'm gonna look like

Wake up to a new and better you!

And so we start now, making an incision inside the nose

This surgery is not without its risks as her husband Mitchell is aware

What if they mess if up?

Lts messed up forever

lts not like other kinds of surgery where you could cover up with

a long sleeved shirt or something like that

This is a whole different situation lts her face

Now there is maybe a one in a thousand chance that when I make this cut here,

that some of this tissue may not heal properly

which means if things go wrong, Lisa could lose the end of her nose

but that's a risk she's prepared to take to make her face fit

But will it actually help her to blend in? We'll find out later

Most animals like to belong to a group

Even the stupidest animal have learnt to recognise the faces of their friends

and pick them out from the crowd even though

to our eyes it's hard to tell them apart

But let's check it out

Welcome Martha. Come right on in Step right in

Boy have you got something to think about

Martha is in a room looking at pictures of two different sheep

One of them's her friend Sam, the other one's a total stranger

But can Martha tell the difference?

Which one's her friend - left or right?

Can she work it out?

Can you?

Ooh, lts not easy She's on the move

Yes she's chosen Sam, her friend! She's got it right

Well done Martha, you win first prize

And just to check that Martha's not a particularly brainy sheep, here's Matilda

Will she be able to pick out Sam as easily?

Uh oh, which one? She's spotted Sam and she's off. Well done!

Martha and Matilda aren't academics of the sheep world, all sheep can do this

It's more than just a good party trick It's a key survival skill

They have a very good visual sense, so it's not terribly surprising that

they've turned this to actually allow them to identify important individuals,

both family and friends within the flock, but also threatening individuals,

either dominant members of the flock, or alternatively of course, predators

Using visual cues And the area of the animal,

same way as ourselves, that varies most is the face

Humans have the most sophisticated face recognition system of any animal

Even very young babies can recognise the faces that are important to them

Just how young this ability begins is being tested at Birkbeck College in London

Tatiana and her mum are going to be part of an experiment to find out whether

Tatiana can recognise her mum's face and distinguish it from that of a stranger

It's important for babies to recognize the faces of their mother

and other important people in their life from very early in life,

because these are the people who are going to be taking care of them

and babies are very helpless and they rely on other people in order to survive

This hairnet of electrical sensors will measure Tatiana's brain waves

as she looks at pictures of her mum and of someone she's never seen before

When she sees the stranger, the sensors show that

although she knows she's looking at a face, she just can't recognise it

But when she looks at her mum's face it's quite different

Her brainwaves show there's immediate recognition

That's because it's not actually the eye that recognises faces

It's the brain that does all the hard work of processing and interpreting

I went to find out more from brain expert Dr. Ramachandran

Smells good, doesn't it?

Yeah, fried black butter, few capers - terrific

There are 100 billion nerve cells in the cortex

And the entire back part of the brain, a large chunk of the back part of the brain,

almost half the brain, is devoted primarily to seeing

I mean, that's extraordinary

If anything says what an incredibly visual species

we are the fact that half the brain is devoted to seeing

It's extraordinary

But what Dr. Ramachandran told me next was even more astonishing

And it's amazing how there's a big chunk of that

that's dedicated almost entirely to recognising faces

And this is because human beings, primates in general, are highly visual creatures

So think of the millions of faces you've seen in a lifetime

All that information gets stored in this region

This face recognition centre sits here at the back of the brain

and in an area only a few cm wide we store the images of billions of faces

And just as important as it is for a child to recognise its parent,

it's also important for every parent to recognise their child

One of these young women is my daughter

dad, can I have some money? Take it.

Thank you

because I recognise her face as well

lmagine, however, not being able to recognise one of your own children

One of the first instances where I realised that I didn't recognise faces

was when my son was standing in front of a store with two friends,

I figured I have to know at least one of these three kids

So I was studying their faces as I walked directly towards them

I had no idea who any of them were until the one in the centre went

Hi Dad

Hi Dad

Jim lost the ability to recognize faces 5 years ago,

following a brain operation to remove a massive blood clot

Trying to find someone, no matter how well I know them,

is an impossible task for me

I've had to go to the beach to look for the kids

Well how do I find my two kids out of all of these people on the beach?

There has been a few occasions that my dad got myself and a friend

confused like he didn't know which one was me

It's strange

It's hard because you want your parent to know what you look like

It is kind of upsetting in a way because he can't look at me

and see how I've grown during the past five years

He can't see exactly what I look like

You know like, when you look at me you can see my whole face in one picture;

you can see if I have small ears, big ears, a small nose, what colour my eyes are

He has to, he would have to look at you closely

He could look at your left eye, then he could look at your nose,

then he could look at your lips and your mouth,

but his problem is that you can't put it all together into one picture

I don't even notice that people have faces

I accept the fact they do and then I'll look where I know

the face belongs but there's never any recognition there

One crucial part of the recognizing system of his brain is missing

Every time we see a face our brain automatically checks it against

the billions of faces stored in our memory to try and

Jim still has a databank of faces stored in his brain from before the accident

he just can't access them

OK Jim here's another photograph - can you tell me what you see

Uh oh. I know the smile but I no idea whose smile it is

This is roughly how Jim sees faces - can you guess who it is?

Let me give you the names of a few people and see if anyone rings a bell for you

with regard to this photograph OK?

Hillary Clinton, Goldie Hawn, Princess Diana

Any of those names ring a bell?

All of those names rang a bell but not in connection with that photograph

Well if you had to guess between Hillary Clinton and Princess Diana,

what would be your guess?

If one of those names is correct,

I'll go by hair colour and say Hillary Clinton

Well it's not Hillary Clinton

OK well that narrowed the list didn't it?

I guess like a lot of other things I never realized

how important facial recognition was until I lost it

Being able to match any new face we see against the ones already stored

in our memory is such an important skill we're even teaching it to machines

Here in Newham in East London, they're using state of

the art computer technology to clamp down on crime

They've stored images of the faces of hundreds of known criminals

And by scanning the streets with CCTV cameras their face recognition software

can check faces in the crowd within seconds to see just who's out there

To see how good this machine brain is at recognising faces,

I've volunteered to put it to the test

Do you want to see my upper class brother "Oi I say."

My name is Jasper, Jasper Cleese...

The computer's interested in my vital statistics...

nothing too exciting...

measurements like the distance between my eyes are stored as well as my mugshot

Once the camera homes in on my face the computer measures it

and searches the database for a match

The actual speed of the solution can be as fast as fifteen million faces a minute

that's how many is can search through

It's got me...

But will it spot my cross-dressing...?

One last disguise

Bingo - I've fooled the machine

John had a hat that was pulled down very much over his eyes,

and then made worse by these very very dark glasses,

and the glasses had quite a large frame

so we ended up almost losing really what's our key area

But none of you were fooled by my silly sunglasses and hat, were you?

The machine was fooled because it relies on measuring features

The fact that none of us was fooled shows

that we recognise faces in a different way from machines

Our brains operate in a more, how shall I put it, artistic way

This is the face of a well known British celebrity - do you recognise him?

...is it getting any easier?

Isn't it strange that its much easier for the brain to recognize

an exaggerated caricature of the face than a more accurate line drawing

So why do we find it so much easier to recognise a caricature?

Some experts believe its because that's how the brain itself works

It wouldn't surprise me at all if what the artist is doing is actually

mimicking the very processes that are going on in your own brain

when you look at any person

And what the brain seems to be doing every time it looks at a face

is searching for differences from the norm

lts looking for features that it can exaggerate and caricature

to help it remember the person next time

This theory is new and it strikes a chord with

professional caricaturists like Tim Watts

I think in caricature you can unlock or heighten or underline

what it is about that person's face which makes them different from another person

I think what's going on is your brain

is in a sense producing an internal caricature

In fact there have been experiments showing that you recognise caricatures

faster and more accurately than the original that was shown to you

So here are Prince Charles and George W. Bush. But what about my face?

John Cleese has a sort of banana shaped face

His chin comes up at the bottom and his forehead sort of comes over

at the top here, which creates a sort of moon, crescent moon shape,

not quite Mister Punch cos he hasn't got the hooked nose of Punch

His chin is large, but it's not large in a Kirk Douglas or Errol Flynn type way,

it does have something of an underhang as well

Well, of course, what's really good about it is that he looks so young

then there's the big chin I'm surprised he got that

And with caricature you can't make everything big,

you can't exaggerate everything, so with Cleese something has to give

and in his instance it's the nose,

the nose becomes smaller and more sort of delicate

The nose is very good, rather pointed, a little bit like a rodent

I think with Cleese probably most people think of Basil Fawlty

so it has a severity about the expression, the bulging eyes

But can the puppet do this?

So we store our memories of peoples faces up here as their caricatures

And then we match that caricature to the particular face we're looking at

Except that I think there's something missing. And I want to check it out

What's missing is emotion

We all know that we react differently to different peoples' faces

so I'm off to meet a woman who's going to give me a sort of lie detector test

to see which faces really affect me and which leave me cold

So why don't you give me your left hand

and what I'm going to do first is just wipe off some dead skin cells

that way we get a better connection

Poor dead skin cells

Carrie attaches electrodes to my skin to measure how sweaty

it gets when I get emotional The results are shown on a computer screen

Unfortunately being a typical uptight Englishman

there's not much going on at the moment

But Carrie thinks she can get me more excited

So why don't you recount your most vivid recent fantasy for us

My most vivid recent fantasy was of West Ham United

beating Leeds United 7 - 0 at Elland Road

And that was, boy that was good... Di Canio got 4

That was a recent sexual fantasy?

No, no sexual, you say fantasy

the sexual fantasy...

Recent sexual fantasy Maggie Thatcher...

Alright I'll think of something really nice

Suitable to the television audience

Oh, I have to say it out loud

Yeah, part of the embarrassment so you can see your response going up

lts disappeared right off the screen!

That was terrific and I hadn't even started yet

Enough of my offbeat fantasies, time to get on with the test

When I react positively or negatively to a face the line should jump

My daughter's face is the first face to provoke a reaction

lots and lots of emotion

That's a great face - looks so English - weird creature - Saddam Hussein

I looked at and didn't feel as antagonistic to him

as I expected I would have

That's interesting because that was one of the pictures

you recognised that you didn't get a response to

The positive one's the Dalai Lama

You got a big response to the Dalai Lama

Yeah - he touches everyone

Your body almost seemed to relax when you were looking at the Dalai Lama

that you got a very large response,

I think to him and your daughter and Jerry Springer

those were your largest reactions

Rather insane to react more strongly to Jerry Springer

than to Hitler and Saddam Hussein

So the emotional responses we have to some faces

are not always the ones we would predict

And it turns out that this emotion can be so strong

that it actually affects our ability to recognise someone

And we know this because of a young man who had a very nasty car accident

I was sitting in the back

The car tried to go a little bit towards the left to avoid this other car

and it flipped three times and one of those flips I went flying out of the car

and I landed partly on my head in the highway

David spent the next three weeks critically ill in a coma

Because the visual part of his brain was damaged

David couldn't recognize his family and friends

But most of his friends came to visit and he didn't know who they were

He forgot his girlfriend...

he had a wonderful girlfriend, and they were very much in love

and he didn't know who she was

But that wasn't the whole story it was much stranger than that

David became convinced that his parents had been replaced by aliens

He was in the hospital, I would go in and talk to him

and he wouldn't even call me mother or anything and not only that

but after five minutes if I would go outside and come back five minutes

afterwards he would then just think I was someone different

David's is the only case like this that Dr. Ramachandran has come across

Certain patients who've been in a car accident, for example,

and have had a head injury and they've been in a coma for a couple of weeks

and they come out of this coma, they seem completely normal in most respects

They can talk fluently, they can read a book,

and their memory seems intact, right?

But the patient looks at his mother and he says "Doctor,

this woman looks exactly like my mother, but she is not my mother,

she is some other woman pretending to be my mother; she's an imposter

John let me introduce you to David... and Rosita...

How are you?

Fine... old but good

Hi. Nice to meet you

The strangest thing was one day he told me,

it was evening time and I was preparing dinner

And he said you know the lady who comes in the morning

and cooks breakfast cooks so much better than you do...

and it was me all the time I was the one

With his dad too he had a similar experience As I recall

When you first came here and your dad had brought you here

I remember you were denying it was your dad,

you were saying it was some other old man who brought you here

and I asked you why this man should be here and you said no,

no he just takes care of me

He used to tell me I'm going to tell my dad that

you don't drive as well as he does

I wanted him to meet him Because it will some day get him

to drive correctly like my father does

Go forbid about that It was hard to believe what I was hearing

After the accident, David honestly believed that his parents

had been replaced by complete strangers who just happened

to look like his father and mother

But how is it that when David looks at his mother

he sees a stranger who looks exactly like her

what's going on inside his head?

Well, every time David looks at his mother's face,

the information is passed to the face recognition centre in the brain

So far, so good. Then that information should travel on to another area

of the brain so that her face can be given the appropriate emotional tag

It's the combination of the two which assures him he's looking at his mother

And this is where David's problems started

the car accident damaged the link between the two areas

So because the face area of the brain is intact he can still say whose face it is

He'll say "it's my mother's face."

But because the wire going from there is cut

there's no emotional response to his mother

So he says, "My god, if this is my mother,

why is there no warmth, why is there no terror?

Why don't I experience any emotions when I see my mother,

so this must be some other strange woman pretending to be my mother

It's 5 years since David's accident and he's made a remarkable recovery

He's a different person from what he was five years ago

He knows who his sisters are He knows who the people around him are

The emotional charge that we get when we recognise a face is so important to us

that if a familiar face doesn't trigger the appropriate response our brain

comes up with this extraordinary rationalisation this must be an imposter

What happened to David shows that too little emotion is a big problem

when it comes to recognising faces

So do strong emotions mess up our perceptions?

What happens say if we're the victim of some brutal crime?

I had gone to bed early that evening

and around three thirty was awakened by a sound

Someone jumped on me and pinned my hands beside my head

And I realised very quickly that it wasn't someone I knew

And he proceeded to rape me

First of all I tried to adjust my eyes to whatever

light was coming through my windows

And then I just studied his face for scars or tattoos or jewellery or facial hair

I probably had about 15 to 20 minutes of total time that I looked at him

and I really tried hard to look at him, even though you don't want to,

I did try very hard to keep focused and, and look at him

Jennifer managed to escape from her attacker and describe him to the police

I thought Jennifer was an outstanding witness for a number of reasons

She was able to articulate extremely well what happened to her

during the course of the sexual assault

In addition to that she was able to vividly

provide a description of her assailant

Jennifer went through the standard police procedure, describing her assailant

and then creating an identikit picture of him feature by feature

It was not easy - it was very difficult

I really never understood how many nostrils there are in the world,

how many bridges of the nose

There's just so much involved in a facial description

But once we were done I felt fairly confident that he,

that the picture that we came up with was as close to the person

who assaulted me as I could possibly get

Within two days of the investigation there were six individuals

who had surfaced as suspects

We developed a photo line up involving those 6 individuals

Jennifer identified a young black man

called Ronald Cotton as the man who raped her

Two days later she was asked to come to a line up at the local police station

Once again she picked out Ronald Cotton

Even though she was severely traumatised Jennifer was determined

to testify at the trial

Well I was very certain that was the person

Rage was filling up in inside of me and so I think that

I was very anxious to go ahead and proceed with the trial

and see the man who attacked me serve his life sentence in jail

At the trial in January 1985 Ronald Cotton was convicted of rape

and sentenced to life

But Ronald had always protested his innocence

And once inside Central Prison in North Carolina an extraordinary coincidence

occured which would change the course of his case

His cell mate Bobby Poole was openly bragging to the other prisoners

that he had raped Jennifer

Bobby Poole did resemble the composite drawing, without question

But there are thousands of black males in this case who would in fact

look like or resemble the composite drawing

So that didn't force me to waver in my confidence of her identification

In the appeal court Jennifer was confronted with both Ronald and Bobby

and again asked to identify the man who raped her

When I saw both of them together I remember looking at Bobby Poole

and not recognising him at all

I mean that was of course one of the first questions is "do you recognise that man?"

I said, "No, I've never seen him before in my life"

Jennifer's eye witness testimony was so strong that

Ronald was sent back to prison for another 8 years

It wasn't until the new science of DNA testing was developed

that her evidence was questioned

A long forgotten sperm sample proved conclusively that

Bobby Poole had indeed raped Jennifer

She had identified the wrong man

For the first time in a long time, you're walking out of here a free man

With those words 33 year old Ronald Cotton was free for the first time in years

I don't think I'd ever felt so ashamed and, and guilt ridden, and

I guess part of me was - I mean I, I,

I felt very, almost like I had... embarrassed,

I, I think - embarrassed that I had made such a huge mistake

and that mistake had impacted Ronald Cotton for those eleven years

I mean significantly impacted Ronald Cotton for those eleven years

So how did Jennifer get it so wrong?

Well it seems that while her emotions were still running high

she saw a face she thought looked familiar

From that moment on her emotions imprinted that face deep into her brain

So deeply that when she saw the face of the man who really raped her she felt nothing

Now I realise that, that our minds are not video tapes,

and we can't record something and then spit it back exactly as we saw it

But it wasn't just the trauma of being raped...

the colour of the face she was trying to recognise made a crucial difference

I think trauma definitely had a part to play in that;

but I also think that the racial differences had probably more to do,

in my case, than almost anything

I think that, that races have a very difficult time

recognising differences in other races

So if we know someone well, we're actually very good at recognising them

even from a bad angle and in dodgy light

But if we've only seen them once or twice we're really not very good

especially if they're fases of a kind we're not familiar with

"they all look the same to me" syndrome

Then our recognition skills are in big trouble

To a black person the differences between

Bobby and Ronald's faces are probably obvious

But to Jennifer they weren't

Her brain focussed on the most obvious feature of the face - its colour

This tendency to simplify seems to be the part of the way we're designed

I think there is a general tendency in the visual system indeed in the brain

to classify objects into similar types versus dissimilar types...

the brain is doing this all the time to economise

on visual information processing...

to simplify the world and if this process gets deranged it could manifest as racism

because instead of seeing the whole person single visual prototype

somebody who is black or somebody who is Chinese

and then you start making overgeneralisation from that one prototype

Lisa's aware of these racial judgements and has had surgery to change her eyes

and nose to fit in with her Caucasian friends

No one has ever said to me

you're the only Mexican girl hanging around all these white people...

it just makes me more comfortable

It's 6 weeks since her surgery

We just recently went out with a bunch of friends

and it was a great opportunity for all of us to get dressed up and go out

I have to tell you I felt so good...

you know some people may have said its very subtle

but when I look at myself I definitely see a big difference

lts exactly what I wanted its thinner

I've got a great profile and I just feel it definitely enhances my face

Not to sound very snobbish... I love it, it's exactly what I wanted

So it was obviously the right decision for Lisa

But some of us are brave enough to stand out from the crowd

One of the things that I have shouted at me, when I walk down the street is

oi fat chin, why don't you go and see a plastic surgeon?

I've had that said to me for years, for most of my life...

There were times when I though yeah

I should see a doctor I want my chin to be small,

so I don't ever have to go through that kind of abuse again

But then I, I thought to myself well

I'm not doing anything wrong looking like this;

this is the face that I have,

and I don't want to change it because this is me,

you know I've grown up with this face; to me it's not just a face,

it's kind of like a mark of identity or something

So much, much better to look extraordinary

cos there ain't many people in the world that look like me

We should challenge the judgements we make based on people's faces

we're often wrong

Most people think that I must have served time in prison

I must be some kind of hooligan I do get harassed quite often.

At first a lot of people think I'm stuck up or they're afraid to approach me

when they get to know me they see a whole different person

The attitude people have if you look this way you got to be bad

I'm really nice just trying to get along with everybody

So the face merely gives us a few clues to start with

after that we have to check the person out properly

Isn't that a bit obvious, isn't it? What?

Was it the best that you come up with?

I thought it's rather interesting.

I hope next week programme is better.

Actually next week show is rather good.

Infact it's so good I can't wait whole week to show you

So, here is now

Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.