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[low rumbling]

[solemn music]

♪ ♪

♪ ♪

[men vocalizing]

♪ ♪

Augustin: When did it all begin?

It is said

when Imana created this land,

he grew so fond of it

he returned every night to rest.

♪ ♪

When did paradise become hell?

♪ ♪

From the start,

even the conquest was a regrettable misunderstanding.

♪ ♪

Europe gave the land to its conqueror

and the king knew nothing of it.

It was never about civilization,

never about tribe or race.

♪ ♪

It was always about greed,

arrogance, and power.

And when we finally grasped the horror,

it was too late.

♪ ♪

Bill Clinton: From Kibuye in the west

to Kibungo in the east,

people gathered seeking refuge in churches by the thousands,

in hospitals and schools,

and when they were found, the old and the sick,

women and children alike,

they were killed.

Killed because their identity card said they were Tutsi,

or because they had a Tutsi parent,

of because someone thought they looked like a Tutsi

or slain like thousands of Hutus

because they protected Tutsis,

or would not countenance a policy

that sought to wipe out people who just the day before

and for years before had been their friends and neighbors.

It is important that the world know that these killings

were not spontaneous or accidental.

It is not an African phenomenon

and must never be viewed as such.

We have seen it in industrialized Europe;

we have seen it in Asia.

We must have global vigilance

and never again must we be shy

in the face of the evidence.

[applause]

- Okay,

I'm sure some of you have questions.

Yes, Venancia.

- Mr. Augustin, if we'd joined the army before the genocide,

could it have been stopped?

All the dying?

girl: That's the past.

Those bad things are in the past.

Augustin: Maybe if some of us were more courageous.

Maybe if the world had paid more attention.

I don't know.

Yes, Albert.

- What kind of soldier were you?

- [sighs]

A very bad one.

[laughter]

I'm sorry, Venancia.

I didn't answer your question.

I don't know what else we could have done.

[sighs]

Okay.

[somber music]

♪ ♪

[rain pattering]

[bird shrieks]

♪ ♪

[hip-hop music plays on boom box]

woman: ♪ I hate you ♪ man: ♪ I love you ♪

woman: ♪ I hate you ♪

[man and woman rapping unintelligibly]

♪ ♪

[somber music]

♪ ♪

Augustin: Yes, it's April again.

Every year in April,

the rainy season starts,

and every year, every day in April,

the haunting emptiness descends over our hearts.

♪ ♪

Every year in April,

I remember how quickly life ends.

♪ ♪

Every year, I remember how lucky

I should feel to be alive.

♪ ♪

Every year in April,

I remember.

♪ ♪

[engine stops]

[sighs]

Honoré: "My dear brother, the rains are here.

"It is April again.

"How many years since we have spoken?

"From my prison, I am writing you this long-due letter.

"I don't expect pity or love.

"I know that despite all the grief in your life,

"you have found something to live for.

"It was not supposed to happen this way--

"the war, the killings.

♪ ♪

"When I finally realized that I was an actor in this tragedy,

"I chose not to live with that.

"I thought my death would bring me peace.

"I was wrong.

"Only the truth can ease my guilt.

"Dear Augustin, I must tell you what happened

"to Jeanne and the children.

"Come to Tanzania.

"Don't write me back.

"Just come.

Your brother, Honoré."

woman: Augustin?

You should go.

- No.

It's over.

What's the point?

woman: He's your brother.

- He's nothing to me.

I just want to take care of you.

- [scoffs] Really?

- Yes.

- So where is my wedding ring?

- Oh! [chuckles]

So that's it, huh?

- I see you still have yours.

- You know I can't.

Jeanne, this...

- What?

- Stop.

- You still can't say it, can you?

You must go.

Not just for Honoré,

but for you.

female prosecutor: Mr. Botera, you were arrested in May 1997

for the crime of inciting violence

with your radio program.

At the time you entered a "not guilty" plea.

Today you wish to change that plea?

- Yes.

I now recognize that the radio programs I did for RTL

were criminal

and that many people were killed for it.

- You were not aware of what you were doing in April 1994?

- No. Not at that time.

prosecutor: Could you explain to this tribunal

the reason for your turnabout?

Honoré: I have a had a lot of time to think about my guilt

here in prison,

surrounded by other Rwandans accused of the same crime.

I was under a lot of pressure.

- Pressure from your co-detainees?

- Yes.

Pressure to keep silent.

- Could you identify these individuals for us?

- I prefer not to.

It's not important anymore.

What I want to say is that it took time

for me to realize that what I had been accused of

may have been true,

and that what I had participated in was genocide.

- So you came to accept the fact of your guilt?

- Yes, I became aware I was guilty.

- But it took you two years to finally admit this guilt?

Is this correct?

- Yes.

That is correct.

- [whispering unintelligibly]

man over PA: We will stop now

and resume at 9:30 a.m. on Monday morning.

I remind the defendant

that he is under a solemn oath of silence.

Do not discuss your evidence with anyone.

I want to return before we go on...

["Caribbean Queen" by Billy Ocean playing]

Billy Ocean: ♪ And our hearts, they beat as one ♪

- You understand.

man: Duke Ali.

Ali in the house.

Come on.

Let me hear it!

Billy Ocean: ♪ Caribbean queen ♪

- And now our star speaker is here.

Coming to you live is Mr. Honoré Botera,

here to give us another of his popular historical reviews

exclusively for Radio Mille Collines.

Before I pass the mic, people, remember.

A cockroach cannot give birth to a butterfly.

A cockroach will always give birth to a cockroach.

Be vigilant.

They are among us.

Those Inyenzi are devils.

[speaking native language].

- [laughs] [speaking native language]

As always, speaking the truth.

[speaking native language]

Now, my dear listeners...

[speaking native language]

Yesterday we spoke about how the Mzungu,

the German and Belgian colonists chose the Tutsi invaders

as proxies for their dirty jobs,

forced labor,

raising of heavy taxes on those poor peasants,

and the whipping.

[continues over radio] We Hutu,

will we ever forget the whipping?

Will we, my dear listeners?

I think not, for the scars will never heal.

For the days when a Tutsi king mwami is imposed

upon the Hutus is past.

For we have sworn never to let them rule over us again.

Never.

Stay tuned, my dear listeners,

for some more music from Radio Simple,

Power 106 FM.

Honoré: RTLM. [speaks unintelligibly]

[men chanting, whistles blown]

[men chanting]

[ominous music]

♪ ♪

- Hey, not like that.

[grunts]

[speaking native language]

Civilian forces, my foot.

If the RPF come from the hill,

they're going to kill these guys.

Hey! [hisses]

- I don't believe

we are training these Interahamwes to fight rebels.

Augustin: [speaking native language]

- I have heard rumors.

There are assassinations.

Small massacres here and there in the provinces.

Things are accelerating.

- That's all they are.

Rumors.

You think this is a rehearsal?

These officials are here for the damn show, man.

[chuckles]

- [whistles]

Augustin: [speaking native language]

Hey! Not with a machete.

Give me this.

That's it for today, Captain.

- Captain Muganza, give this to the chief for me.

- What chief?

- Colonel Bagosora.

- What is it?

- Lists.

[men chanting]

Xavier: [sighs]

- These are execution lists.

- It's names and addresses.

- Traitors.

That's what he called them.

There are lists coming from all districts.

It's Tutsis, but it's also Hutus.

There are doctors on that list,

professors on that list.

Anybody that might not bow down to Hutu power is on that list.

Teachers.

Teachers are registering their students by ethnicity.

[vehicle approaches]

[upbeat music plays over radio]

♪ ♪

- Capitaine!

- [speaks native language]

What are you two plotting?

- Nothing.

Xavier was just leaving.

- Come on, have a beer with us.

The soccer match is on.

- I can't. I have an appointment.

- Take care of yourself.

- Bye, Jeanne.

Jeanne: Please, tell Felicie to come to visit us.

[speaks native language] - Yeah.

- Augustin, what's going on?

- Mom.

- Hi, Mom.

- Mom, Yves Andre was saying bad words again.

Yves Andre: It's not true, Mom.

I swear, I was just telling him a joke.

- He's lying. He said, "fuck."

Jeanne: Marcus, please, I hate that word.

[somber piano music]

♪ ♪

It's happening, isn't it?

I knew I shouldn't have listened to you.

We should have gone a long time ago, to Kenya or Senegal.

I don't know, but...

- I'm in the military.

This is our home.

- Sorry, but tell me, how can I call this home

when I'm living in constant fear, Augustin?

I lost already most of my family in '92.

It's only us now.

- I can't just get up and run.

Abandon everything? What?

- We should have brought Anne-Marie back sooner.

- Anne-Marie's safer in the countryside

than here in Kigali. Come on.

- Come on, wake up!

Nobody's safe in this country.

You have seen the Bahutu Ten Commandments?

Somebody put it on my desk today at the hospital.

They even underlined number seven.

"The Rwandese Armed Forces should be exclusively Hutu.

No member of military shall marry a Tutsi."

- Jeanne.

Jeanne.

[kisses]

- Now I'm talking about our children's lives.

If anything happens, they will let us all die.

- Okay, Jeanne.

Just let me figure something out.

For now, why don't you call Anne-Marie

and tell her to get ready?

- Hey, Marcus!

[toy gun zaps]

- This is your brother.

I'm sorry, I'm not in the mood for it today.

- Augustin, it's a small country and people talk.

- So now you think I have joined the rebels?

- Of course not, not me.

But you must have said something or done something.

- I'm doing what I've always done.

- Well, that may not be enough now, brother.

You need to be on the right side of all of this.

- And what side is that?

[shushes]

Hutu Power over all your people

will drag this country over the edge.

- So you think the Arusha Agreement

will just solve all our problems?

Is that what you are saying?

Augustin: If the Arusha Agreements go into effect,

I will probably lose my job to a Tutsi,

so either way I am screwed.

[snaps]

- That is why we are against the Agreement,

so that hardworking Hutus like yourself

don't have to stand aside for anybody.

- No, for you it's about power, gaining power.

Honoré: Augustin, the Agreements are dead.

The president has made too many concessions

under foreign pressure.

If you really want to know, my dear brother,

this is a fatal mistake.

- Honoré, are you talking about a coup?

- Augustin, this is war.

- The same is true, brother.

Even wars have rules.

They cannot justify the slaughter of innocent people.

Your extremist friends have dragged this country into hell.

[men speaking native language]

- Thanks to the support of our French friends,

we have Kalashnikovs from Albania.

Israel Uzis.

Czech grenades.

M-16 rifles from the USA.

Guns and ammo from Egypt.

Captain Muganza, give me a hand, please.

- Machetes?

- Machetes, Captain.

From China.

You have a problem with that?

- It's not in the manifest.

- So what?

They're here, and we have plenty of farmers out there

who need to go to work.

Our people need to go to work.

- Captain.

Mon Colonel.

[tense music]

♪ ♪

man: Our president has become soft!

He makes a cabinet of Inyenzis.

We have to make them fear death.

[crowd cheers]

They call us Hutu Power extremists

because we will not accept their dictates.

♪ ♪

So be it!

[men shouting]

male reporter: Tension is mounting in Rwanda despite--

male reporter: There are signs of the cease-fire

between the existing Hutu government of Rwanda

and the mostly Tutsi rebel forces

of the Rwandan Patriotic Front, or RPF, is about to fail.

female reporter: Special envoy Assistant Secretary of State

Prudence Bushnell traveled to Rwanda two weeks ago

in a last effort to bring President Habyarimana

to implement the agreements,

an agreement they say gives too much power

to the Tutsis and the RPF.

This may also well be the last chance for peace.

[music plays, reporters speak over radio]

Augustin: And so...

Bedtime.

[shuts radio off]

- Okay, come on, boys, lights out.

- Mom? - [speaks native language]

- Why do they call us cockroaches?

- Because they don't know any better, sweetheart.

[speaks native language]

- Dad, what are we?

Hutu or Tutsi?

Yves Andre: Don't you know anything?

Papa's a Hutu. Mama's a Tutsi.

- It's okay, Yves Andre.

He can ask.

I am a Hutu, so you are a Hutu.

In our tradition, the father's origin decides.

- So when I grow up, my ID card will say Hutu.

Augustin: Yes.

But one day, I hope it will just say Rwandan.

Okay.

Bedtime.

Good night.

- Good night. Augustin: Sweet dreams.

[crickets chirping]

[male announcer speaking on television]

[airplane approaches]

[explosion]

[crash]

[thunderous crash]

[dog barking]

[phone rings]

- I can't see anything.

- Augustin.

They've just announced that the president's plane was shot down.

[dramatic music]

♪ ♪

- Pack a few things for the kids.

We have to leave Kigali tonight.

♪ ♪

[man speaking native language over radio]

- We ask all Rwandese people not to succumb

to this terrible tragedy.

We ask the armed forces to stay vigilant.

We want security for all.

[woman screams]

[all shouting]

♪ ♪

[rapid gunfire]

[explosion]

[woman screams]

[crickets chirping]

- Augustin, I can't get Anne-Marie on the phone.

- Keep trying.

[banging]

[banging continues]

Who's there?

Xavier: It's me, Xavi.

- Augustin, it's terrible.

They're shooting everybody.

There's dead people on the street.

- Felicie and I were picking up some food

from Nando's restaurant when we heard the explosion.

They are going house by house, pulling people out.

- Augustin, let's go. Xavier: No.

There are roadblocks all over.

- No, we leave, we walk into the mouth of the lion.

- Where do you think we are now?

- We can't get trapped in Kigali.

- At least the UN is here. I mean--

[rapid gunfire]

- Augustin, they're killing the neighbors.

- Okay, come on. Come on!

[distant gunfire]

[gunfire continues]

- [speaking native language] Augustin: Mr. Vilbur.

My wife and children will feel so much safer in your house.

- I would be risking the lives of my own family.

I must ask you to leave.

- Mr. Vilbur, please, just one night.

- [softly] No.

[loud explosions]

- At least...

at least take the women and the children.

- Just the women and children.

One night.

[distant explosions]

[dial tone]

- This is all you have?

- H--hello?

Yes, uh, you must help me.

It's the fifth time I've called.

I must reach Anne-Marie.

Yes, I'm her father.

[gun clicks]

Then can I speak to the head priest?

[click]

[dial tone]

They hung up.

male reporter: Kurt Cobain's body was found

inside a garage apartment adjacent to his Seattle home

dead of an apparently self-inflicted shotgun wound.

female reporter: Back-to-back home runs in the sixth inning

to turn a one-run deficit into a one-run lead.

male reporter: Wednesday's sharp gains,

Dow Jones Industrial Average closed up...

woman: Lionel, thanks for coming.

I'm sorry. - Sure.

- So what are you getting through your channels?

Our intel is practically nil.

- Yeah, we don't have anything, either.

It's still night over there,

so no one knows what's really going on.

All we know for sure is that a plane was shot down

and the president of Rwanda is dead.

So is the president of Burundi who was along for the ride.

- What's your best guess as to who shot the plane down?

- Could be anybody, really.

Rebels, Hutu extremists, French mercenaries, who knows?

The presidential guard won't let anyone near the crash site.

- Well, they're probably the ones who shot it.

male announcer: This is "NBC Nightly News,"

reported by Brian Williams.

- Good evening, fighting is going on tonight

in the small African nation of Rwanda,

and there is growing concern

about getting the Americans and other foreigners there...

male reporter: Killings and looting

have been reported

following a suspicious plane crash...

male reporter: This morning say

three Rwandan government ministers

opposed to the late president have been kidnapped.

male reporter: United Nations and the press to keep well away

from their war,

which leaves the UN in an impossible position.

[all shouting]

- [speaking native language]

We'll escort you back at the UN headquarters.

- Out of the question.

I need to talk to the commanding officer.

- I am the commanding officer.

Put down your guns.

- We have five men down. I repeat, five men down.

We don't know where they're trying to taking us.

Am I clear enough?

You don't understand!

We're going to be lynched.

Over.

[explosion booms]

[birds chirping]

- We know the prime minster is here!

- Here I am.

- Come with us, madam!

- Take me to your commanding officer.

But please, leave my children in peace.

- That's bullshit!

[gunshot]

[boy screams, men yell]

[gunfire, men shouting]

[distant thudding]

[gun cocks]

[knocking at door]

man: See, I'm telling you. Number 82.

[knocking continues]

- Who is it?

man: Captain Muganza?

- Who wants to know?

man: Good morning, Captain.

We're securing the neighborhood.

- This neighborhood is secure.

man: Of course.

Could you open the gate?

If you just show us your ID card

and the cards of everyone else in the house,

we will be on our way.

- I just have my service pass.

- This won't do, Captain.

We need to see your national ID card.

- Let me just go and-- - Wait.

Search the house.

[clanging metal]

[men shouting inside house]

[glass breaks]

- Listen, Muganza.

You're from Gitarama?

- My father was a businessman.

A Hutu businessman.

- I know.

I went to school with your cousin Francois.

And I also know

you married a Tutsi woman.

[men yelling in native language]

- You can keep up your little game for a little while longer.

But if I come back

and you're still here,

I'll have no choice.

Let's go.

Check the list again.

[engine turns over]

[man speaking native language over radio]

- This way.

- [speaks native language]

[somber music]

♪ ♪

[distant gunfire]

[whistling]

[rapid gunfire]

- Anne-Marie?

Anne-Marie, can you hear me?

- Yes, how are you, Papa?

- [sighs] I'm fine.

- And Mama?

- She's, um, at the neighbors' with your brothers.

- I'm scared.

I can hear the guns.

- You are safe there.

You're in a Catholic school.

Nobody can go in there.

- Papa, I have to go.

[bell clangs outside]

The other girls are waiting for the phone.

- Okay, okay, uh...

You know I love you.

- I love you too, Papa.

Bye.

- Bye-bye.

[dial tone]

[gunfire]

[woman screams]

[bell clanging]

- Girls.

Girls, calm down.

Please, all of you go to your dormitory.

I need all of you to go to your dormitories now.

Please, quickly.

- Martine. - Quick.

- I need to speak with you.

- I'm sorry, Father,

we have a school full of terrified girls.

man: Martine.

This is a very difficult situation,

but we must do our duty.

We cannot harbor rebels.

We have to hand them over.

- Father.

[gunfire, girls screaming]

These are not rebels.

These are girls;

girls you have brought up as your own daughters.

Now you would put them out?

- What can I do, my child?

We cannot protect all of them.

I do not have the power to change this situation.

[men singing in distance]

We must pray.

man: We do not want another Mogadishu.

We don't want our boys dragged naked in the streets.

Congress won't have it. The Pentagon won't have it.

The president won't have it.

woman: Sir, we're only 48 hours into this

and we already have reports

of over 10,000 women and children already killed,

and they're not just killing Tutsis.

They're targeting moderate Hutus.

man: Prudence, what is our vital interest in Rwanda?

- If there is a crisis,

it could destabilize the entire region.

May I?

man: I appreciate the human tragedy.

- Here. "If the killing in Rwanda starts,

"the best-case scenario estimates 20,000 dead.

The worst-case scenario could exceed 500,000."

It's January 25, 1994. CIA report.

That's just nine weeks ago, sir.

- I don't want to talk about any CIA report again.

- Since the crash of the president's plane,

the situation in Rwanda has very quickly become unstable.

I just spoke with the ambassador,

and he reports that the fighting is largely between

the Rwandan military forces and the Rwandan Patriotic Front.

- Have any Americans been hurt or are they being targeted?

- No, Americans are not being targeted at this time,

and clearly we are very concerned

with the approximately 255 Americans

that are in the region.

- What about the international community?

The Belgians, the French? How many could you get out?

- Let me put this in context.

There is fighting and there is chaos.

There is no date. There's no time.

We are looking into ensuring the safety

of all American citizens.

- Define the protection the Rwandan military is giving

to the U.S. citizens.

- Again, the Rwandan military forces

are in the middle of firefights

with the Rwandan Patriotic Front,

or the RPF.

It is not high on their list of priorities

to take care of the American citizens at this point.

[all speaking at once]

- The rebel forces, are they Tutu or Hutsi?

- Hutu and Tutsi.

- Which ones are the good guys?

[unintelligible radio chatter]

[distant gunfire]

Augustin: Hello. It's me.

Honoré: Augustin?

Christ, I've been trying to call you.

Augustin: The lines are jammed.

I can't get through.

Listen, I need your help.

I'm stuck here with Xavier.

Jeanne and the kids are next door with the Belgian guy.

I need to get them out of the city.

- You need to worry about yourself, brother.

Do you know that I found your name on the list

as a Tutsi sympathizer?

I buried it, but it won't stay that way for long.

You should be happy I'm saving your neck.

- And my family?

- I am your family.

I can do no more.

I warned you.

- I know. I know.

You were right.

- Damn right I was.

So what do you want?

Take care of your own duty, man.

- Honoré, listen.

I beg you.

Take my family, Jeanne--Jeanne and the boys

to the Hotel Mille Collines.

They will be protected.

Do you--you can get through the roadblocks.

People know you.

- I don't like it. I don't trust him.

We're not even sure if he's coming.

- He's my brother.

- [speaking native language]

- If I can get you and the boys to the Hotel Mille Collines,

you will be safe.

And Anne-Marie, she will be safe at her school.

We will all be safe.

I don't know what else we can do.

[dog barking]

- Where are they? We need to leave now.

- Brother.

- Listen, the guards are getting seriously drunk

at the roadblocks.

Who is this?

- Felicie, Xavier's fiancée.

- You said wife and children.

- She is family.

Honoré: Oh, I presume she's a Tutsi too?

Jeanne: Come on, boys, get in the car.

- They'd never ask.

- What?

- Honoré won't take Felicie.

- If I'm a problem-- - Everybody goes.

- Listen, Augustin--

- Felicie, get in this car.

You too, Augustin. Let's go.

- Honey, I'm staying.

- What are you talking about?

- I'm going to join you later.

- We have to go. - Augustin, get in this car.

- I can't.

- Augustin, tell her.

Augustin: Jeanne, listen to me.

- I'm not going anywhere without you.

- Listen to me, Jeanne.

His name was on the list.

- My God. - Jeanne, Jeanne, Jeanne.

- No! - Jeanne.

Jeanne, Jeanne, Jeanne. - No!

Don't worry about me.

- Augustin, we need to go now.

- Please, Augustin. - No, no, no, no.

You need to get back in the car. - Mom.

- If something happens-- - No.

It's going to be fine. Yves Andre: Papa.

We don't want to go.

- Look, look. Go back in the car, eh?

Come on, do it.

Do it.

- Augustin, we need to go.

- Jeanne.

You need to get in the car.

- Come on, boys. Get in the car.

- I know. I know.

[somber music]

♪ ♪

[inhales deeply]

Okay.

Go.

♪ ♪

Okay.

Papa will be fine, eh?

I'm a soldier.

[engine turns over]

[unintelligible chatter]

Jeanne: What are you doing?

- We don't tempt the devil.

- I thought everyone knew you.

- I am not alone.

[men speaking in native language]

- Shit. - What?

- That was not there before.

man: Hey, stop the car.

[speaks native language]

[speaks native language]

- Yes, I work for Radio RTLM.

- [speaking native language]

Hey!

Honoré: Yes.

man: [speaking native language]

- [speaking native language]

- [speaking native language]

- Oh, I'm so silly.

We were just going to the supermarket

and I left them home,

but we were in such a hurry

with the children and the new curfew.

- Listen, brother, just give us a break, okay?

- Hey, chief.

[speaking native language]

- What's going on here?

- [speaking native language]

- Everybody out!

- Listen. I am a party member.

I am authorized to take this woman to run some errands.

Listen, let me call Colonel Sotori.

He can sort this out, okay? He'll clear this up.

- This is not good.

- What's not good, Mommy?

- Nothing.

I just want your uncle to hurry up.

- Yes.

[speaking native language], this is Honoré Botera.

I'm here at the roadblock on Rue de l'Hopital.

No, sir, they won't let me pass.

Yes, sir.

Yes, sir.

[ominous music]

♪ ♪

They are my family.

♪ ♪

Yes, sir.

Of course, sir. You know I work for the party.

Of course.

For the cause, always.

♪ ♪

He wants to talk to you.

man: Yes, sir.

Okay, sir.

[gun cocks]

♪ ♪

- Okay.

Lock the doors!

Oh, my God.

Stay down!

[glass shatters]

- Stop it.

- [speaking native language]

♪ ♪

[wand beeps]

- Name?

- Augustin Muganza.

- Name of detainee?

- Botera.

[unintelligible chatter]

- He'll be right with you.

- No, I can't.

- I'm sorry?

- I thought that...

no, I can't.

- He's on his way.

Why don't you tell him yourself?

The visit would do him good.

- No.

Please tell him I had to leave on emergency.

Sorry.

[exhales]

[thudding]

[woman crying]

[singing in native language]

[singing continues]

[thudding]

[tense music]

♪ ♪

Damn.

♪ ♪

[woman speaks in native language on radio]

- You get that thing to work?

- Yeah.

[rooster crows distantly]

- So what's wrong?

- I saw a military truck heading to the French school.

They must be rounding people up for an evacuation like in '92.

I mean...

if we can get there, we have a chance.

- There are too many roadblocks.

- No, it's not that far.

- It's a million miles, Augustin.

I say we just lay low.

This...

thing can't last forever.

[smack]

- They said your name on the radio.

- [laughs]

You heard my name on the radio?

- Look, we can get through the roadblocks.

They're not trained soldiers.

We don't have a choice.

[soft music]

♪ ♪

[man speaking in native language distantly]

- [speaks in native language]

♪ ♪

[distant gunfire]

[glass breaks]

[distant gunfire]

♪ ♪

The roadblock on the left.

They seem drunkest.

- [blows]

Shall we?

- Let's do it.

[engine sputters]

Oh.

[engine sputters]

Push.

[speaks native language]

- [sighs deeply]

[horn toots]

[unintelligible shouting]

- Back up. Go! Go!

- [shouting in native language]

- Why can't we get into there?

- Too late!

man: Sorry, we have orders.

- Please!

- [speaking native language]

[gunfire]

Move!

- Get in the car.

[gunfire]

[machetes scrape asphalt]

- Out of the car. - We're with the convoy.

- Everybody out! Everybody out!

Show me your papers.

- Hey, hey, hey.

[speaking native language]

We are with the convoy.

Ask the officer over there.

He will tell you.

man: Where?

man: Move these obstacles away.

We have to go.

- Hey, Lieutenant.

Sil vous plait, Lieutenant,

he doesn't believe I am with you.

We are in the same convoy.

- What do you mean?

- Is he with you?

- The same convoy.

- Shut up.

Let the white man talk.

Are these people with you?

- Our convoy is the Jeeps and the trucks.

I'm sorry. I have orders.

Only expatriates.

[engine turns over]

man: Go! Go!

- Xavier Miango?

Who is Xavier Miango?

- I am.

- Aren't you the traitor Xavier Miango

we've heard about on the radio?

- I don't know what you mean.

- Move over with that group.

Everybody else get off.

Get off. Get off. Get off.

- [grunts]

- What's wrong with you, huh? Move over.

Forget something?

Augustin: I can speak for this man.

He is loyal. He is a good soldier.

- The army is filled with traitors.

- Then I will take him to the headquarters myself.

- You want to help?

You want to help?

- [speaks native language]

- Give him a machete.

- No.

[inhales sharply]

- We don't waste bullets on cockroach traitors.

Xavier: Augustin.

[speaks native language]

[speaking native language]

[speaks native language]

Augustin! [speaks native language]

[gunshot]

- Xavier. Xavier.

Miango.

Miango.

Stand up!

- Come on, let's go.

Let's go. It's not gonna help. Let's go.

- Hey! Hey! - Let's go, let's go, let's go.

- Hey! - It's not gonna help.

He's dead.

[engine turns over]

- [speaks native language]

- Colonel Bagosora, this is Assistant Secretary Bushnell.

- Mrs. Bushnell, what a wonderful surprise.

I regret we didn't meet during your last visit in Kigali.

Bushnell: Sir, I'm calling to advise you

that we view the situation very seriously.

President Clinton is very concerned.

- How kind of the president to be thinking of me.

- We have received reports that there has been--

- The UN reports are very exaggerated.

There has been some trouble,

and naturally we have to defend our people.

- You must take action to change the course of events.

- But it's the rebels.

They attacked us, and now the people

have risen up to defend themselves.

- Colonel, we know who's perpetrating these killings.

- You can see all the way from Washington?

Mrs. Bushnell, if there was a cease-fire

we might be able to do something,

but now the situation is very difficult.

Very difficult, madam. You can't imagine.

- No, you do not need a cease-fire

to stop this hate radio broadcast,

Monsieur Bagosora.

If you do not stop the killing, there will be consequences.

- Really? You will send the Marines?

We have no oil here. We have no diamonds.

We have nothing you need in Rwanda.

Why would you come?

- If you do not cease the killings, I promise you,

you will be held personally responsible.

- I will see what we can do.

[somber choral music]

♪ ♪

[child shrieks]

♪ ♪

♪ ♪

man: How is she?

- Father.

Where are my boys?

Where are they?

woman: We found you at the doorstep.

You were alone.

- I have to go to find my children.

I can't stay here.

I have to look for them.

Mathilde, you have to help me, please.

- Of course, Jeanne.

- Where did you last leave them?

- Oh, my God.

I don't know.

I don't know.

My babies.

What happened to my babies?

- I have scrutinized the words

and listened to the radio tapes.

It is true that my client here admits his moral guilt,

but where is freedom of the press,

or freedom of expression?

He was a journalist, a man of letters,

an intellectual.

Did anybody actually see my client butchering people?

The prosecutor here talks of criminal conspiracy.

This is not Nuremberg, Madam Prosecutor.

Is he a criminal because he stood on a political principle?

Where is the blood on my client's hands?

- Can you play soccer?

- No.

- I can teach you.

- [huffs]

- Hello, Mommy.

Martine: So did you see Honoré?

- No.

- You're not going to.

- I don't think I can hear what he has to say to me.

- I know it's not easy.

- You don't understand.

This thing doesn't make sense.

They're all here.

Everybody that planned genocide is here.

I saw Bagosora here.

They get full meals, they get AZT medicine

while rape victims are dying of AIDS.

It's like a fucking health club.

- Well, I guess the killers are the stars of the show.

- Is this what this is?

A show? A big show?

- We need the tribunals.

I know they have their shortcomings,

but it's a way to get through it,

a way to move on.

- It's a way for everybody to wash their hands

so nobody has to feel bad

so we can pretend there was justice.

Where is our dignity?

- So how are we going to move forward?

I'm fighting too, Augustin.

I keep seeing Anne-Marie's face

and the faces of all my girls.

What is it that you want me to do?

Am I alone in this?

- No, you are not alone, Martine.

I'm trying.

I'm here and I'm trying.

- Augustin,

I got the results.

It's a boy.

- [exhales deeply]

- [sighs]

[children singing in native language]

[melancholy harp melody]

♪ ♪

[goats bleat]

[man speaking native language]

- [speaking native language]

[somber music]

♪ ♪

[children singing in native language]

girl [echoing]: Why don't you come in?

[laughs]

The girls are here.

[girls laugh]

girl: They're waiting for you.

- No, I can't.

girl: Why don't you come?

What's wrong with you?

Come!

- No.

♪ ♪

[whistle blowing]

[men chanting, thumping]

[bell clanging]

[girls screaming]

- Run to the dormitory.

Quickly, quickly! Run. Run, girls!

[explosion]

[all screaming]

- [speaking native language]

- [speaking native language]

- Quickly, girls, quickly!

[gunfire]

Inside, inside.

- [speaking native language]

- Okay, girls, girls, listen to me.

Come, listen.

[all panting]

Now, they--

they're going to ask you for your identity cards.

They want to separate us.

They want all Tutsis to come out.

I can't do this.

[choral music]

♪ ♪

- I'll go, mistress.

- If Isa goes...

[gunfire outside]

I'll go.

- I'll go.

- I'll go.

- I'll go.

[gunshots]

- I'll go.

We're sisters.

We're staying together.

- [speaking native language]

- Please do something.

They're killing everybody.

- [speaking native language]

all: We're sisters.

- Okay, shh, shh, shh.

[explosion booms]

Do you understand the choices that you are making?

Do you understand?

[men shout]

[screaming]

- Somebody help me!

- [screams]

- Hutus here, Tutsis there.

Hutu girls behind me.

All Inyenzis over there.

Now.

I'll not say it again.

- We're staying together.

- No, please, please.

Please.

Think of them as your own daughters.

Please.

[grunts]

- My daughter is not a cockroach.

- Mistress.

Mistress.

[all gasping, shrieking]

[gunfire]

[gunshot]

[gunfire continues]

[somber choral music]

♪ ♪

[children laugh]

♪ ♪

[whistle blows]

Lionel: These are the most recent sat photos from Kigali.

You can see here and here

we have clear evidence of mass killing.

These are freshly dug mass graves.

Well, at this point, honestly,

our list of possible actions is pretty short.

But if we can adequately back up the remaining 400 UN troops,

we can probably save some lives.

- It's for damn sure we're not going to put in

any of our soldiers.

There's no political will.

- Well, look, at the rate that we've been arguing this,

there won't be anybody left to save.

- That's fine for you to say, Pru,

but you know it's not Mogadishu.

Everyone in this sweat shop knows it's not Mogadishu.

But up on the Hill, Somalia's written all over it.

- So we're talking in circles here.

If we can't get any additional UN support,

then we need some fresh ideas.

- I'm on it.

Bushnell: What's happening with the proposition

to jam Radio RTLM?

- We checked. Too expensive.

- Oh, come on.

man: Our lawyers say it's against international laws

to jam radios.

You know, something about freedom of the press,

freedom of speech.

- Yes, it's against international laws to jam radios

but not to exhort massive slaughter.

Come on, we are talking about hate radio here.

man: Let's not lose our perspective.

Radios don't kill people.

People kill people.

[unintelligible radio chatter]

[whistle blow]

[dog barks]

[blows whistle]

- [speaking native language]

- [whimpers]

God.

[winces]

[sobs]

- [sobs]

Anne-Marie. Wake up.

[speaking native language]

Anne-Marie. [speaking native language]

Anne-Marie.

Anne-Marie.

Anne-Marie.

Anne-Marie.

[unintelligible radio chatter]

[dog barks in distance]

- [groaning]

Victorine.

Victorine, come on.

Come on.

[grunting]

Wake up.

Wake up.

Wake up, please.

Oh, dear God.

Oh, dear God.

Oh, dear God.

woman: [hisses]

[hisses]

[speaking native language]

Martine: God.

Wake up.

Anne-Marie.

One more time.

Just a little bit.

[groaning]

One last step.

Let's go.

Come, Anne-Marie.

Anne-Marie.

One last step.

Please, please, help us.

Help us.

- [speaking native language]

[solemn music]

♪ ♪

[unintelligible chatter]

♪ ♪

woman: Fax this to the White House,

and don't forget to save comments and copies

for the UN.

- Okay.

- Any news?

- I'm very sorry, Augustin.

No news.

Nobody has seen Jeanne or the children.

We have been trying.

And we'll keep trying.

[man coughs]

♪ ♪

- [sobbing]

[door opens]

- [speaking native language]

[baby crying]

- Alphonse Mugina from Mussange?

Virginia, are you here?

Robigo!

Where is he?

Robigo, come on out!

- You should get some rest.

- I'm fine, Father Salomon, I'm fine.

man: Robigo Mathieu, you can come out.

man: Soldier, take him out.

- Out.

- Hokum.

- Let's go.

- Who is this man?

- He's Hutu.

He's just a foolish taxi driver.

He got hurt trying to protect

some Tutsi infiltrator in his car.

But he is Hutu.

- [breathes shakily]

- And I need a better list.

- I'll work on it.

- I need more names.

And I need them by tomorrow, understand?

man: Yes, officer.

[church bell tolls]

- [exhales deeply]

[somber choral music]

♪ ♪

♪ ♪

♪ ♪

[breathes heavily]

[baby crying in distance]

- You still can't remember?

- A big, black hole.

I barely remember.

Roadblocks.

Militias.

I can see Honoré, their uncle.

Marcus was at the back of the car.

- And?

Jeanne: Nothing.

Pain.

[woman wails, man yells in distance]

[gunfire]

- Anne-Marie.

Anne-Marie.

- [speaking native language]

- [speaking native language]

I can't move her.

[speaking native language]

- [speaking native language]

[insects chirping]

- Anne-Marie.

No.

[sobs]

No.

[sobs]

No.

No.

♪ ♪

No.

Alan: What's the difference

between acts of genocide and genocide?

- Well, I think the, um, as you know,

there's a legal definition of this.

There has been a lot of discussion

about how the definition, um, you know,

applies under the definition of the genocide--

of genocide contained in the 1948 Convention.

Um, if you're looking at that as--for your, um, determination

about genocide, um,

not--clearly not all of the killings

that have taken place in Rwanda, um, are, uh,

killings of that to which you might apply that label.

But it's--as to the distinctions between the words,

we're trying to call what we have seen so far, um,

as best as we can and based, again,

on the evidence, we have every reason to believe

that acts of genocide have occurred.

Alan: How many acts of genocide does it take to make genocide?

Christine: Um, Alan, that's just not a question

that I'm in a position to answer.

Alan: What is an act of genocide, Christine?

- As defied--defined in the 1948 Genocide Convention,

the crime of genocide occurs when certain acts are committed

against members of a national, ethnic, racial,

or religious group with the intent of destroying that group

in whole or in part.

The relevant acts include killing,

causing serious bodily har-- bodily or mental harm,

and deliberately inflicting conditions of life

calculated to bring about physical destruction

of the group.

Alan: So wait a minute, you said genocide--what--

- That is the definition in the 1948 Convention.

Alan: Of genocide. - Of genocide.

Alan: Okay, so you say genocide happens

when certain acts happen,

and you say that these acts have happened in Rwanda,

so why can't you say that genocide has happened?

Martine: Victorine.

Victorine.

The Lord is my shepherd.

[fly buzzes]

Victorine: The Lord is my shepherd.

Martine: I shall not want.

Victorine: I shall not want.

Martine: He leadeth me through green pastures.

Victorine: He leadeth me through green pastures.

Martine: And even as I fear to walk

through the valley of the shadow of death...

- And even as I fear to walk--

- To walk. Through the valley.

- Through the valley. - Of the shadow.

- Of the shadow. - Of death.

♪ ♪

As I fear--Victorine, come.

♪ ♪

Even as I fear.

- Even as I fear.

- To walk. - To walk.

- Through the valley of the shadow of death.

♪ ♪

- [speaking native language]

- [mumbles] - Shh.

[man continues shouting]

[fly buzzes]

[rustling]

[Martine speaking native language]

Victorine. Come on.

- [speaking native language]

- [Martine speaking native language]

♪ ♪

- [speaking native language]

[somber choral music]

♪ ♪

♪ ♪

- [groans]

[television plays in distance]

Are you there?

Can you hear me?

You know...

No.

Did I...

did I tell you that I have a wife?

Yes.

But we...

[sighs]

We're not married.

But we live together.

And, uh...

and she's pregnant.

It--it's a boy.

Her name--her name is Martine.

Valentine: My name is Valentine.

You're a survivor, aren't you?

- Yes.

Valentine: Are you--are you testifying for the tribunal?

- No.

I'm visiting somebody.

Are you?

Testifying?

Valentine: I'm...

I'm a secret witness.

I, um...

I testify tomorrow.

Would you...

would you come?

- [sighs]

Yes, but you...

you won't be able to see me.

Valentine: I'll know that you're there.

The first one, he took my baby off my back

and put it on the floor.

He penetrated me.

He kept me until...

he had me a second time.

Later, I don't remember exactly, but...

the Interahamwes held us in another room.

And they raped all the girls.

A young man threw himself on me.

When he was taking off his pants

he told me there is no place for me now,

that the government had abandoned us.

After that,

he did humiliating things to me.

He didn't even care that I was a mother.

I heard the young girls scream, but I could not see them.

When the second man was finished,

a third one came and he forced me

to lie down again.

He raped me.

At that moment,

I just wanted to die.

Then a fourth man came and...

he took me.

At that moment I thought,

"God in heaven, who are these men?"

- I'm sorry,

but can you tell us what happened next?

- The next day, the Interahamwes came

and they made us come back to that house.

But they had to drag me there like a dead person.

I was dead.

- Where was the defendant?

Was he in the Cultural Community Center

during this time?

- Yes.

I knew that he was the leader of the municipality.

I felt that he could have protected us,

but he did nothing.

- Did the defendant personally participate in the rapes?

- I never saw him rape anybody.

But...

he didn't protect us.

He would tell the Interahamwes,

"Don't ever ask me anymore how a Tutsi woman tastes."

He was a coach encouraging his players.

I heard him say--and these were his exact words...

"Tomorrow they will be killed."

man: Please, go on.

Valentine: The next day on the street,

an old woman told me

that all the girls who had been with me had been killed.

She told me I had to leave.

I could barely carry my baby, but I left.

I hid in a sorghum field.

- May I ask, why did you make

what must have been a difficult decision,

to come to Arusha and testify in this tribunal?

Valentine: I saw what this man did,

and I felt responsible to testify

about this man's betrayal of the people

who were entrusted to him.

When a person leads assassins,

he is also an assassin.

male reporter: Rebel units in the southwest

are tightening their grip on the government stronghold

at Gitarama,

capturing a key military base at Nyanza

about 40 kilometers south of Gitarama

and cutting the government's main supply route.

male reporter: The United Nations says

the main government strongholds in the Rwandan capital, Kigali,

have fallen to the rebel Rwanda Patriotic Front.

female reporter: No matter what history will say

of these unprecedented events,

one must acknowledge that it is the RPF troops

that ultimately stopped the genocide.

Western support has been slow to nonexistent.

[dramatic music]

♪ ♪

[fly buzzes]

[marching footsteps]

♪ ♪

male reporter: The commander of the Rwandan Patriotic Front,

General Paul Kagame, has declared a cease-fire.

Speaking in the capital Kigali, he said the RPF had won the war

and now controlled the whole country

except for the French-patrolled area in the southwest.

General Kagame said his forces had a right to go anywhere

but that he would try to avoid confrontation.

female reporter: Hundreds of thousands of Hutu refugees

flee the advance of the RPF troops.

These refugees have participated

in the killing of a now-estimated

800,000 of their countrymen.

The fleeing government forces are using them

as a protective shield.

♪ ♪

- We're calling the operation Support Hope.

General Jack Nix will lead it from Zaire.

We have army units on the ground

distributing water for the refugees

and we have half a million tents.

- On the political side, John?

- Well, the French are working overtime

to try and save what's left of the old regime,

and the UN is in full damage control mode.

woman: You should know that the White House

is very pleased with your quick response to the refugee crisis

and Congress is rallying 'round the flag.

- It's too bad the CNN factor didn't kick in a little sooner.

- Anybody else?

Bushnell: Thanks, folks.

Thank you, everybody.

[door closes]

Well, I guess that's it.

- Prudence, our mission was not to intervene.

Well, the system functioned perfectly.

Few years down the road,

the president will ask for forgiveness,

he'll make the promise of "never again."

But in terms of national interest,

we did everything right.

- We were loyal to a policy

that allowed hundreds of thousands of people

to be killed.

As far as moral imperative, we did not do the right thing.

- We're bureaucrats,

not the political leadership.

- Is it because they're Africans?

- Let's not do that, Pru.

It was Rwandans killing Rwandans.

[both speaking native language]

I don't--I don't recognize this city anymore.

- [speaking native language]

- [speaking native language]

- [speaking native language]

[both speaking native language]

- [speaking native language]

[people shouting]

[gun cocks]

[gunfire]

[woman sobs]

- [shoos]

[dog whines]

[door opens]

[both speaking native language]

- I'm looking for my daughter.

She attended.

Anne-Marie.

Anne-Marie Muganza.

[gulps]

[both sob]

- [sobbing]

[cell doors clank]

[tapping rhythmically]

[somber music]

♪ ♪

Honoré.

- Augustin.

[speaking native language]

- [speaking native language]

I see they are treating you well.

- Mm-hmm, some say too well.

Brother, it has been a long time.

- They say you were in Italy when they arrested you.

- Yes.

Italy.

Zaire, Angola.

I was on the run for three years before they caught up with me.

I didn't know if I was going to see you again.

♪ ♪

So why did you come?

- Because you asked me to.

- Augustin, why are you here?

Huh?

Are you going to be like everybody else?

They come in here to parade their good conscience around

as if it's a crown.

Look around you.

There's no one here to applaud you.

- I didn't...

I didn't accuse you of anything.

- I already stand accused.

♪ ♪

[smack]

- [sighs]

I'm ready to hear what happened.

- I don't think you're ready for this.

- I want to hear it.

I want to hear it.

Honoré: We managed to get through some of the roadblocks.

I knew the game.

♪ ♪

But the military roadblock was another matter.

Yes, sir.

Colonel Sotori.

[speaking native language] This is Honoré Botera.

I'm here at the roadblock

on Hospital Road.

No, sir, they won't let me pass.

I tried to negotiate with them,

so I called Colonel Sotori.

He was under a lot of pressure.

And he said to me, "I cannot help you,"

and I would have to go.

And Jeanne and the kids would have to go into custody.

When I handed the phone over to the lieutenant,

they were speaking a different language.

man: Everybody out!

[gun cocks]

Jeanne: Okay.

Lock the doors!

[men yelling]

- Mom! Mom!

- Stay down!

[glass shatters]

- No, please.

Guys, stop it.

They're just kids.

Little kids.

She's just a woman.

You don't need to do this. - You cannot do this.

Honoré: It's just a little boy.

They're Hutu children.

They're ours.

They're ours.

- [speaking native language]

Honoré: Please, they are just--

- Let the boys go.

- You don't have to do this. I'll give you money.

I'll give you money.

- No! Mommy!

- [speaking native language]

Honoré: Listen, stop.

Stop it!

[gunfire]

[insects and birds chirping]

- And Jeanne?

♪ ♪

Honoré: They were so busy burning my car...

That I think they forgot her.

♪ ♪

So I pushed her into the ditch to hide her body.

[dogs barking]

♪ ♪

But later that night,

I came back

when the street was deserted.

♪ ♪

[sobs]

♪ ♪

[sobs]

She was still breathing.

Fucking savages.

Fucking savages.

♪ ♪

The best I could do was a church.

The Sainte-Famille.

I thought she would be safe there.

I called, I knocked,

but they wouldn't open.

So I left her there by the gate.

It wasn't until I was in exile that I knew of her fate.

- I've got to find Augustin.

Maybe he's still at the house. - Jeanne, I am afraid--

Honoré: She learned that you were alive

at Hotel Mille Collines.

I was desperate to reach you.

[men talk and laugh]

Honoré: After a horrific night,

they decided to kill all the women.

- Do you think I'm afraid to die?

♪ ♪

- [speaking native language]

Honoré: She was very brave.

- Go!

♪ ♪

- Jeanne, my dear, please.

♪ ♪

[man yelling in native language]

[explosion]

Augustin: Yes, it's April again.

Every year in April,

the rainy season starts.

[thunder crashes]

[instrumental music]

♪ ♪

- Hey, that's enough. You're gonna catch cold.

- Valentine?

- Augustin?

- I'm glad you exist.

I was beginning to think I dreamt you.

- I'm very real.

- You leave today?

- Yes, tonight.

On the late flight.

♪ ♪

Thank you.

♪ ♪

Good-bye, then.

♪ ♪

- Good-bye.

♪ ♪

Valentine: Hey, say good-bye to our friend.

♪ ♪

Let's go.

Go change your clothes.

[engine turns over]

♪ ♪

Augustin: And every year,

every day in April,

a haunting emptiness descends over our hearts.

♪ ♪

Every year in April,

I remember how quickly life ends.

Every year in April,

I remember how lucky I should feel to be alive.

[men shouting in foreign language]

[laughter]

[children giggle]

♪ ♪

On April 12, 1994,

my wife Jeanne was killed.

In that same month of April,

my sons Marcus and Yves Andre

were also killed.

My friend Xavier was killed in April.

My daughter Anne-Marie was killed sometime later,

but I never asked when.

♪ ♪

- Lead us not into temptation

but deliver us from evil.

For thine is the kingdom,

the power, and the glory,

for ever and ever.

Amen.

- [speaking native language]

Martine: [speaking native language]

I was there.

I'm a survivor.

[woman sings in native language]

♪ ♪

♪ ♪

♪ ♪

[children sing upbeat song in native language]

♪ ♪

[somber choral music]

♪ ♪

♪ ♪

♪ ♪