All language subtitles for 中文小组

af Afrikaans
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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 西周社会依旧是奴隶社会,继续实行由奴隶耕作的“井田制”，并且通过实行“封建制”来维系其政治统治。所谓封建制,即分封土地以建国的制度,即周天子将王畿之内的土地留作自己享用,王畿以外的土地则分给诸侯,让他们去建立自己的诸侯国。诸侯又在自已的封国内,拿出一部分土地分给卿大夫,称为“采邑”。据说,西周初年分封的诸侯国有71个,姬姓国就占了53个。与这种封建制相辅的是“宗法制”,这种制度商代已然实行,西周大为完备。即天子的地位由嫡长子继承,称为“大宗”,世代不变,百世不迁;其他诸子,各立门户,即为诸侯,地位也由其嫡长子继承,称为“小宗”,五世而迁。大宗与小宗之间,小宗要奉事大宗,大宗要照顾小宗,以此维护宗族。西周统治者为了巩固自己的统治,又制定了礼乐刑罚,即史书所说“周公制礼作乐”。礼乐用于贵族内部,为各级贵族规定朝聘﹑祭祀,婚丧﹑服饰、车马、宫室等制度,以区别尊卑等级;刑罚用于镇压人民,以迫使人民服从其统治。西周的经济比商代已有所发展,工商业由王室和诸侯经营,青铜器制造已是最重要的手工业部门,已发掘出土的著名西周青铜器有“大孟鼎”和“毛公鼎”;农业生产已有“百谷”之称,后世的主要农作物,当时都已具备1431

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