Original subtitles

In that section we're I talk about wanting basics.

Let's start with the writing basics and why there's a rather a rather is and networking wise that forwards

there are packet's between different networks making job through rather is performing IP routing based

on routing table and running table can be established by many of the configure static routes or dynamic

routing protocols.

This is a rather this guy has a writing table in its writing table and the main function of this guy

is making IP routing based on the routing table.

Let's go ahead with two other companies.

In a rather we have companies such as I was which is the operating system of the device.

And at some hardware such as C.P. you and memory and storage such as Flash RAM roam and the end we are

RAM as we talk before the main purpose of rather is connecting different networks.

And here you can see two different browsers which are rather a and rather b.

And these guys are used for providing communication between Turino that works and they are 1 0 or network

and the threes are all that work.

For example let's go ahead with the basic rather configuration.

Well we are configuring or rather.

Firstly we can configure our host thing.

Secondly we should secure our enable mode console port and the Vicci wide ports to provide secure access

to configure a host name or other.

Our command is hostname and we are typing hostname and the hostname that we want to define and as soon

as we hit the enter key as you can see that hostname is turning to the other in here then we are defining

an enable secret password as you can see enable secret.

And we are defining your password then year after we are securing access to our console port by typing

like Courcelles zero.

And in the coffee line mode we are defining your password again after we are defining our passports.

Also for line Vitti why access ports which you reach are the ports used for remote access.

Then we are defining your remove the access method which is S-sh to secure one as you know them we are

typing the password and our password for the BT y access as you can see here.

To configure and I Pivi for address on a rather interface we are getting into the interface mode and

typing I be addressed IPV want to use an subnet mask command rather interfaces are not like Tuwaitha

first and they must be activated by the no shot commandeers you can see in here we are getting into

the interface mode again as you can see to sign and IPV for others to our Rodway interface.

Then the command is IP address and the IP address we want to use and some umask we want to use Let's

go ahead with the IP version for the interface figuration if you will to activate the IP version 6 on

a rather.

Firstly we should enable it by typing IP V-6 unicast riding connect to configure an IP address on a

rather interface.

We are getting into the interface mode as you can see again and typing the IP V-6 address and IPV 6

IP address and the perfect length there we will use them again.

The plus no shot.

Lets go ahead with the rather Lubeck interface call fake loopback interface guys is a logical virtual

interface in a Cisco rather look Peck interface.

It is not the physical interface like fast Internet interface or gigabit ethernet interface as Luebeck

interface has many uses.

Guys For example looping interfaces IP address that our minds as rodders for example waste fraud or

ID and also it allows BGP neighbor ship between two others and something like that at Zohra and loopback

interface is always up.

Guys dont forget it.

So you dont need to use no shut command for loopback interface to define a looping interface IP address

we are getting into the interface mode again by typing interface loopback and the look Pech number we

want to configure then the configuration is same with the other guys.

So lets go at how we can filter our show commands to filter our show commands.

We have four options and they are include X Kloot begin and the section guys to the show command output

so that it all displays lines that contain a particular regular expression we can use to show pipe include

command in EXEC mode in here as you can see we are typing shoppers C.P. you pipe includes IP inputs

and we are seeing the line which includes IP puts keywords right excludes filters show command output

so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.

So any Here we are typing the show IP interface brave.

This time we are excluding the on signed lines.

So each year we don't see any keyword like unassigned.

As you can see then to begin the output of any show commands from a space for its Trenck we can use

show up for example show and the command pide begin in here.

We're seeing the lines beginning with the line retrieval as you can see Laurita is 0 4 and 515.

And lastly to filter the output of a show command to merge air do an expression as well as any lines

associated with that expiration.

We can use the show the command and this section in here for example showground pipes section rather

the GOP shows us the specific GAAP configurations made are rather.

For example we should run pipes S.R. special from pipe section BGP.

Or we can use Sharam pipes section crypto and we can just see these specific configurations for that

technologies.

Let's go ahead with the writing decisions Packard's journey on their rather network in here.

Guys we have two clients and they are James and the Johnny.

If James wants to send the packet to John first pick up will be sent to default gateway guys.

Why.

Because here we are using 1.0 and here we are using 3.0 as a network.

Is so here and here has different network IDs so because of this James will forward the packet to the

default gateway which is here then rather they will take the packet and check the destination IP address

to forward the packet to rather be Rhaetia tell rather re about the 3.0 network for this purpose.

We can use dynamic routing protocol or studding rather than saying that hey rather a if you have a packet

with a destination of 3.0 network send it to to the two IP address then Pecka to reach through other

be Roby's directly connected to these local network and we'll forward to pick up the Johnny in here

as you can see.

Then packet reads the Johnny and Johnny also can send a reply back to John OK.

So we should do the same thing and rather be saying that hey rather be if you want to reach the one

that zero on at work send your packet to that one IP address.

Let's go ahead with the path selection if you want to establish your running between two sides.

We have two options and they are static and the dynamic writing if we're using dynamic routing protocol

and if if the administrates you distance and Perfect's length Malis are the same for different protocols

always poor to with the lowest metric is preferred if metrics are equal to rather make load balancing

between different paths.

Metrics are the cost volleyers used by Rodders to that to find the best path to our destination network.

Several factors have dine and week crowding pulled over the side which is the preferred or shortest

path to their particular destination metric is calculated differently for each dynamic wording per the

call and the metric is for example if you are using your rep protocol your metric will be the hope Conn's.

If you're using OSPF your metric will be costly which is dependent with the bandwidth at Mr..

Distance is a value that rather is use in order to select the best path when there are two or more different

routes to the same destination from two different protocols administrative distance comes the reliability

of a writing protocol and is a numeric value which can range from 0 to 255 255 as smaller administrative

distance is more to us that by erasure.

Therefore the best the administrative distance being zero.

And the first the worst is 255 for example under the same conditions.

Always for example internal IGMP routes are preferred over the as big boys.

Because this guy has lower administrative distance Let's go ahead with the rather admin rather operations

and we are starting with the study of karate and steady grading is a form of writing that are Cure's

when I'd rather use this manual to configure writing and 3 rather than information from a dynamic routing

traffic.

I like dynamic crowding static routes are fixed and do not change if the network is changed or reconfigure.

This kind of writing static writing guys is more suitable for very small networks.

So let's take a look to the IPV force steady crowding example in here in here in Rodway.

We're making an example slickrock configuration to configure a static route for the rather a for this

network in here as I told you on the previous slide I told you that if rather a gets a packet with a

destination of 3.0 number we should teach this guy how to reach to this particular destination.

So the configuration here is I Petrovice the network that we want to reach with it Saddam mask.

And then next up this command is saying rather that hey you are Gerais.

If you get a packet destined to 3.0 with this subnet mask send the packet to to that too which is this

the interface of the rather b.

So let's take a look at the IP version 6 there riding example.

That's the same logic.

But what we are doing first is enabling the IP version 6 rodding by typing IP version 6 unicast riding

command.

Then we're a bunch of runs in here and we are defining the IP version 6 route commands and the destination

works.

And the next hops which are here this time let's go ahead with the IPV for defaults 30 grouting example

static robing can be used to define an exit point from a router when no other Roths are available or

necessary.

This is called default Perrault's which means send everything and singles to exit point which is to

the two.

For this example for example what we are saying to rather a in the here I Pirata.

Hey well race hand.

Every packet that you rage this means every packet that reaches the Rodway send everything to to that

too.

So were there were the packet to every packet Cambs for the rather a.

Will be forwarded to that through IP address and it's the same thing for the IP version 6 do for all

static routing again but the command is IP version 6 unicast routing that's the one thing that we need

to implement for us.

As you know then we are typing the I 2006 rods with the double columns slash 0 which is the identical

of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.

If you are rich which means everything then will be forwarded to this interface this time.

Let's go ahead with the floating static routes floating things 30 crowds are new routes used for creating

a backup path in this method.

You define a higher administrative distance for backup patho and so that route is not available in normal

conditions.

The floating static route will be only active when the primary route fails.

For example in here we have a rudder which is rather warm and we here we have to study crowds configured

to study default routes configured for this rather and in the first route we are forwarding our pockets

to zero.

That to I'm sorry 10.

23 that's the road up to which is here.

So the packets coming through the sky are being forwarded to here always.

But we have another route in here as you can see which is forwarding the packet to tender 22 that's

0.2 which is here.

So if this route fails

this route will get into play and our packets will be forwarded through here.

Let's go ahead the route summarization Rob summarization also called thruster aggregation is a method

of minimizing the number of running tables in an IP network.

It works by consolidating the cell like to multiple routes into a single rod advertisement.

It's contrast to flat routing in which every routing table contains a unique entry for each one in here.

As you can see rather one will represent four separate networks using a single network.

In here we have tell the truth to that 0 0 is slashed 16 then the two and the three 0 0 or less 16 again

10 20 0 is sliced 16 and 10:21 0 0 like 16 and we're using as some way up which is 10 20 0 0 slash 14

and we are representing all four networks using Singo network that's go ahead with this year IDR classless

into domain routing.

See here is a way to EHLO more flexible allocation of IP addresses than was possible with the origin

system of IP Address classes.

As a result the number of Israel built Internet addresses was greatly increased which along with widespread

use of network address translation net has significantly extended the useful life of the IPV for anti-ID

or uses.

We'll ask them to summarize writing tables in rather to more general addresses.

Let's go into the dynamic routing Thetic running Kais ellos routing tables in specific Cruthers to be

set up by the network administrators.

Dynamic writing.

Use routing protocols that dynamically discovers the network destinations and how to get them dynamic

running ellos running tables in Rodders to change if rather on the route goes down or if network is

added in dynamic routing routing protocols running in rudders continuously x change network status updates

between each other as broadcast or the multicast with the help of routing updates.

Message sent by the running porticos rather can continuously update the writing table when our network

topology Chayim happens.

Examples of frighting protocols are.

REP.

ELIJAH R.P. and OSPF maybe.

So the dynamic Perucca the dynamic routing protocols that we can use in an IP version 4 and Mormons

are as I told you.

REP.

ELIJAH R.P. OSPF Plus I S I S and the BGP the dynamic I the dynamic routing porticos that we can use

in an IP version 6 and wire Mundt are rape and Angie I your job before I IPV 6 or SPF version 3 and

the multiple The code BGP for.