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Duplex and speed negotiation is also important for connections between a PC and a switch.
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in this example the PC is connected to the switch using this interface Ethernet 2
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at the moment the speed negotiated is 100 Mbps.
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so here’s the switch, sh int f1/0/5
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this interface is currently running at full duplex 100 meg on the switch
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and that’s what been negotiated on the PC, so we can see 100 Mbps.
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now we could change some of these settings on the PC.
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So if we wanted to, we could change the speed and duplex negotiation at the moment using
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auto negotiation but we could make a mistake and set it to 1 gigabit per second full duplex.
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On the switch we see that the interfaces gone down, it’s supposedly come up again
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so I'll just look at the duplex and the output.
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The switch is using 100 meg full duplex and on the network card
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it's actually moved down to 100 meg rather than using the gigabit speed
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that we configured but if the PC had accepted that speed of 1 gigabit per second
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full duplex we would have a duplex and speed mismatch
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between the switch and the PC which would have caused problems.
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Let’s set the PC to 10 meg and see if they can still negotiate properly.
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So interface has gone down, it's come up and in this case it has negotiated properly.
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In gigabit Ethernet even when set manually the device will still tell the other side
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what speed and duplex it's using.
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So things are a lot better than they were in the past.
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Let's set the side for auto negotiation
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but what I’ll do now is on the switch configure it manually.
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so interface F1/0/5
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do sh run int f1/0/5 duplex and speed are not set
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but let's set the speed to 100 meg duplex to full.
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So the configuration looks as follows interface has come up
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what is the side using? It’s using 100 Mbps.
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so do sh int f1/0/5 type include duplex that looks good.
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Let's set the duplex to half and the speed to 10.
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On this side negotiation has taken place successfully.
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So things are a lot better than they were years ago
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with duplex and speed but generally the recommendation is to use
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Auto negotiation of speed and duplex, allow both sides to negotiate
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to the highest speed and duplex that they both support.
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So I’ll try and break this by going to the 100 full duplex.
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Interface is going down and come up but it's still successfully negotiated
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so it's still showing speed of 10 meg.
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Let’s however configure it to go to the best possible speed and duplex.
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So I’ll set it to use auto negotiation and on the switch.
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Well set this, speed to auto, duplex to auto
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and as we can see sh int f1/0/5 include duplex.
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The output shows full duplex 100 meg
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so it has successfully negotiated with the PC to use 100 meg full duplex.
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So in summary again auto negotiation is the way to go today
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if you are gonna hard-code, make sure that you hard-code correctly on both sides.
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