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Glossy addresses start with binary 1 1 0.
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So once again this is not 110 in decimal but 1 1 0 in binary the 0.
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In this case is in the third but position in the first octet.
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So Class A had zero in the first but position clause be in the second and now Class C has the zero in
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the third position going through the combinations in the first octet will give us a range of 192 to
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2 to 3.
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So this is the range of class C addresses in class C addresses the first 24 bits he's next.
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The last 8 bits is host.
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So for an address of 1 and 2 1 6 8 but one that one we know that this is a Class C address because the
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first octet is in the range 1 9 2 2 2 3 3.
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So we have a class C address which means that the first 24 bits is network and the last 8 bits or octet
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is the host portion of the address.
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So in other words just by looking at an address you'll now be able to determine if it's close a Class
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B and Class C based on the ranges we've now discussed.
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You'll also be able to know which portion is network and which portion is host.
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But be careful has mentioned these clauses have been superseded by cyder we'll see IDR now Class D addresses
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are different to class A B and C Class A B and C are used for unicast traffic Clause D addresses are
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used for multicast traffic.
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Now with multicast addresses in the first octet the zero is in the fourth but position.
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So in these addresses the first three binary bits are set to 1 followed by binary 0 going through all
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the combinations.
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The range is from 2 to 4 to 239 in the first octet.
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So this is the range of multicast addresses in IP version 4.
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So here's an example address 2:39 dot one dot one dot one is a private to multicast address which could
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be used internally within your organization.
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Other examples of multicast addresses include well known multicast addresses for routing protocols such
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as SPF the OSPF writing protocol uses multicast to do for data 0.04 five and two to 4.00 added six.
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These multi-course in the 3:58 range are known as a link a local multi costs as these multi costs do
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not propagate off the local link or local segment and multi-course in this range are often used by writing
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protocols such as OSPF rap and others a multicast implies.
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Once again that one device hes talking to a group of devices rather than one to one communication plus
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email addresses or reserved addresses.
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They start with four binary ones and on the range to $40.00 ero all the way to 255 255 255 255 which
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is a reserved address for broadcasts.
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We'll talk about broadcasts in a moment but once again the important piece to understand here is that
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Clauss addresses on the range to 40 to 255 in the first octet class addresses are reserved addresses
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for both testing and other purposes.
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So a class 8 race uses the first 8 bits as the network portion.
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So in a pure class you address the first 8 bits on network.
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So in this example we've got network 10.0 does 0.0.
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So that's the network address and we have an IP address of 10 to 1 or 2 to 3 which is the address configured
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on a host.
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So this is the host portion of the address.
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And this is the network portion of the address plus a networks are once again in the range 1 to 126
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in the first octet.
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So if a router such as the one in this picture receives traffic going to an IP address of 10 that 1
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to 1 to 1 the Radu would know that the host is on network 10 because this is a class A network.
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So in this case it would route the traffic to the left hand side in the same way if it receives traffic
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going to an address of 12. one would wonder when it knows that the host is on network 12 and it would
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therefore rumped the traffic to the right hand side.
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This is the reason why two hosts can have the same host portion.
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So in pull the host portion is one dot one dot one because they are on different networks the network
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portion is different.
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The Rodek can use the colossal network.
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In other words the first octet consisting of ten or 12 to differentiate between multiple networks.
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So in this case it's routing on the first 8 bits of the address with Clasby networks.
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The first 8 bits denotes the network portion of the address.
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So in this example 1 7 to 16 is the network portion.
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So this is the network address and our host may have an address such as one 17:16 one or two.
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So one or two is the host portion of the address Clauss be networks on the range 128 to 191 in the first
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octet.
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So in the same way as the previous example a Rodek can rant traffic to an address of 1 7 $2.60 or 1.1
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because it knows that the network is 1 7 to 16 and it can therefore react to the traffic to the left
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hand side traffic going to host 1 7 2 Doctah 17 dot 1.1.
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He's Rodek to the right hand side because the network portion is 177 team whereas this host with IP
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address 1 7 2 or 16 not one to one has the network portion of 1 7 2 to 16 routers can run it correctly
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once again even though the host portion is the same.
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In other words in this example its 1.1.
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But in this case the network portion is different.
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So rafting takes place correctly.
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The router knows that these two hosts are on separate networks because the network portion is different
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and in the addresses one to once exec 1.0 would be a network address a host address would be something
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like 1 9 2 2 1 6 8 or 1.1 glossy addresses on the range 192 to 2G 3 in the first octet.
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So once again there are two devices in this example and they have the same host portion.
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In other words not one but the network portion of these two host addresses is different.
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On the left hand side we have 1 9 2 8 1 6 8 1.
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And on the right hand side we have 1 9 2 1 6 8 2 2 in class C addresses the first 24 bits for the first
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three octets of an address notes network.
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And the last octet or last 8 bits denotes host portion in a class C network.
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