Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:05,500 --> 00:00:10,480
So think about it like this when you need to send a signal to a computer and you need to indicate one
2
00:00:10,750 --> 00:00:14,390
you apply current when you want indicators zero.
3
00:00:14,410 --> 00:00:16,030
You don't apply current.
4
00:00:16,180 --> 00:00:17,260
Here we have a cable.
5
00:00:17,290 --> 00:00:23,150
It's turned off no current is flowing binary value is zero.
6
00:00:23,200 --> 00:00:24,630
I'll turn that on.
7
00:00:24,770 --> 00:00:28,020
So current is now flowing binary value is one.
8
00:00:28,090 --> 00:00:34,840
We have two states either current or no current two binary values zero or one.
9
00:00:35,140 --> 00:00:39,830
So one cable two states either current or no current.
10
00:00:39,850 --> 00:00:47,380
If we extend that now and we've got two cables binary value is currently zero zero there's no current
11
00:00:47,560 --> 00:00:48,940
on either cable.
12
00:00:48,940 --> 00:00:56,230
If I put current on the one binary value is now 0 1 change that current on the left no current on the
13
00:00:56,230 --> 00:01:01,390
right binary value is now 1 0 turn them both on.
14
00:01:01,390 --> 00:01:06,390
We've got current on two cables binary value is now 1 1.
15
00:01:06,430 --> 00:01:15,930
So we either have no current on both binary value 0 0 or 0 1 or 1 0.
16
00:01:15,940 --> 00:01:17,630
And lastly 1 1.
17
00:01:17,890 --> 00:01:20,640
We have two states either on or off.
18
00:01:20,740 --> 00:01:24,700
We have two cables two to the power of two is four.
19
00:01:24,910 --> 00:01:31,740
At the moment current is applied the bulb is on that indicates one I can turn that off.
20
00:01:31,840 --> 00:01:33,750
That indicates zero.
21
00:01:33,790 --> 00:01:42,340
So if I want to send you some numbers I could say 1 0 1 0.
22
00:01:42,750 --> 00:01:44,190
And then finally a 1.
23
00:01:44,190 --> 00:01:46,470
Let's put the lamp back on again.
24
00:01:46,470 --> 00:01:52,360
That's how a computer can send information to another computer or that's how programs are written.
25
00:01:52,410 --> 00:01:59,130
We might write a program in a high level programming language like Python but as it goes down we end
26
00:01:59,130 --> 00:02:02,010
up doing assembly language.
27
00:02:02,010 --> 00:02:07,420
We end up writing zeros and ones to tell the computer what it needs to do.
28
00:02:07,440 --> 00:02:12,840
Now the important lesson here is we have two states either on or off.
29
00:02:12,840 --> 00:02:17,540
If we have one cable we have two states on off on one cable.
30
00:02:17,700 --> 00:02:24,840
But if we've got two cables we end up having four states we've either got a 0 0 no current or both cables
31
00:02:25,250 --> 00:02:30,760
or 0 1 0 1 0 or 1 1 current on both cables.
32
00:02:30,780 --> 00:02:37,550
So two states two cables means that we end up having four values.
33
00:02:37,650 --> 00:02:44,820
You can write that as two times two equals four or two to the power of two equals four.
34
00:02:44,820 --> 00:02:48,330
Two states two cables equals four.
35
00:02:48,330 --> 00:02:53,670
Now don't want to spend too much time on this analogy but let's assume we've got three cables in this
36
00:02:53,670 --> 00:02:55,920
example we have three cables.
37
00:02:56,070 --> 00:02:59,000
We've got two states current state is off.
38
00:02:59,270 --> 00:03:03,180
So the binary value is 0 0 0.
39
00:03:03,180 --> 00:03:13,770
Once again and I won't go through all the combinations we could have 0 0 1 or as an example 1 0 1 or
40
00:03:14,040 --> 00:03:15,680
1 1 1.
41
00:03:15,810 --> 00:03:18,330
So we have two states either on or off.
42
00:03:18,330 --> 00:03:20,310
We have three cables.
43
00:03:20,310 --> 00:03:25,530
So two times two times two is eight or two to the power three is eight.
44
00:03:25,530 --> 00:03:28,970
There are eight different combinations or options here.
45
00:03:28,990 --> 00:03:34,310
Now I won't bore you extending that too much but we could do something very similar.
46
00:03:34,440 --> 00:03:37,640
You tell me what binary value do we have here.
47
00:03:37,650 --> 00:03:43,040
If we've got four cables answer is 0 1 1 1.
48
00:03:43,140 --> 00:03:45,210
How many combinations do we have.
49
00:03:45,210 --> 00:03:47,610
We have two states four cables.
50
00:03:47,610 --> 00:03:56,850
Two times two times two times two equals 16 or two to the power of four equals 16 16 different combinations.
51
00:03:56,850 --> 00:03:59,310
In this example they are all on.
52
00:03:59,310 --> 00:04:03,420
We have two states four cables 16 combinations.
53
00:04:03,990 --> 00:04:08,910
So we've either got no current on the first cable no current on the second none on the third none on
54
00:04:08,910 --> 00:04:16,010
the fourth was as an example no current no current no current current or no current no current current
55
00:04:16,110 --> 00:04:17,130
no current.
56
00:04:17,130 --> 00:04:23,180
And if we go through all the possible combinations we're going to end up having 16 binary values.
57
00:04:23,220 --> 00:04:29,400
So two states are shown over here four cables means two to the Power of Four.
58
00:04:29,520 --> 00:04:32,340
Sixteen possible combinations.
59
00:04:32,340 --> 00:04:36,550
Again two states four cables gives us 16.
60
00:04:36,720 --> 00:04:44,760
If we've got two states and we've got five cables that would give us 32 or if we have two states and
61
00:04:44,760 --> 00:04:52,530
six cables that gives us 64 combinations you could manually work this out you could manually go through
62
00:04:52,530 --> 00:04:54,090
every combination.
63
00:04:54,210 --> 00:04:55,950
But we're not going to do that.
64
00:04:55,950 --> 00:05:01,430
But if you wanted to test this and verify that I'm talking the truth then you could do that.
65
00:05:01,440 --> 00:05:08,950
So just to summarize if we've got two states and one cable two to the power of one is two.
66
00:05:09,200 --> 00:05:16,440
So two possible combinations if we've got two states and two cables that gives us four combinations
67
00:05:16,470 --> 00:05:22,160
or four possible states two to the three is eight two to the four is 16.
68
00:05:22,200 --> 00:05:26,190
Now this is one that causes confusion in decimal.
69
00:05:26,190 --> 00:05:33,300
We don't start at one we've started zero and then we count zero one two three ignoring negative numbers
70
00:05:33,330 --> 00:05:39,840
obviously but let's assume positive integer numbers we started zero and then we count up now in binary
71
00:05:40,080 --> 00:05:47,650
we've got two to the power of zero so to two no cables as an analogy equals one.
72
00:05:47,700 --> 00:05:49,950
So we don't start with one cable.
73
00:05:49,950 --> 00:05:52,500
We start with zero cables.
74
00:05:52,500 --> 00:05:54,360
Now this is once again just an analogy.
75
00:05:54,360 --> 00:05:58,660
So if the analogy doesn't work too well for you then just stick with the math.
76
00:05:58,800 --> 00:06:01,110
Just work with a math or maths if you prefer.
77
00:06:01,500 --> 00:06:08,500
So what I need you to remember is two to the power of zero is one two to the Power of One is to two
78
00:06:08,540 --> 00:06:12,760
to the power of two is for two to part three is eight two to the power of 416.
79
00:06:12,870 --> 00:06:18,450
And if we continue to to the power of five is that to two to the power of six or 64 two to the power
80
00:06:18,450 --> 00:06:27,090
of seven is 128 two to the power of eight is 256 but in an IP version 4 address we've got what's called
81
00:06:27,090 --> 00:06:31,020
an octet which is eight binary values.
82
00:06:31,080 --> 00:06:34,850
So we've got eight values but we start counting at zero.
83
00:06:34,860 --> 00:06:43,080
So we've got zero one two three four five six seven let's formalize that by showing you a really important
84
00:06:43,080 --> 00:06:44,340
table.
85
00:06:44,340 --> 00:06:49,060
Now if you're ever going to learn a table then this is the table that I suggest that you learn.
86
00:06:49,060 --> 00:06:51,850
It's really important for the CCMA exam.
87
00:06:51,900 --> 00:06:59,720
Make sure that you know this table before you go and take your exam notice we have at the top here two
88
00:06:59,750 --> 00:07:06,180
to the power of zero two to the power of one two to the power of to two to the power of three four five
89
00:07:06,330 --> 00:07:08,100
six and seven.
90
00:07:08,100 --> 00:07:17,160
Notice we counting from zero to seven but that's one two three four five six seven eight.
91
00:07:17,250 --> 00:07:23,330
If we set this value to one in binary in decimal that equates to one.
92
00:07:23,580 --> 00:07:27,870
If we set this value to 1 in binary it equates to 2.
93
00:07:27,930 --> 00:07:29,930
This value equates to 4.
94
00:07:30,150 --> 00:07:38,830
This equates to 8 to 16 thus to 32 thus to 64 thus to 128.
95
00:07:38,850 --> 00:07:43,560
Remember that two to the power of seven is 128.
96
00:07:43,560 --> 00:07:49,150
And there's our seven 2 to the power of 6 equals 64.
97
00:07:49,290 --> 00:07:53,540
Or if you like two to the power of two equals four.
98
00:07:53,580 --> 00:07:58,920
So when this butt is set on it means fall in decimal.
99
00:07:58,920 --> 00:08:03,330
Now in the real world you're going to use a calculator but you need to understand the basics before
100
00:08:03,330 --> 00:08:04,860
you use calculators.
101
00:08:04,860 --> 00:08:07,710
So we're going to do a lot of this manually first.
102
00:08:07,710 --> 00:08:13,070
And when you take your seat in a exam you can take a calculator into the exam with you.
103
00:08:13,080 --> 00:08:15,660
So you need to know how to do this in your head.
104
00:08:15,660 --> 00:08:22,040
So we're going to do it manually but again for the real world you'll use a calculator so in this table
105
00:08:22,040 --> 00:08:24,360
we have what's called the base exponent.
106
00:08:24,380 --> 00:08:29,870
So we've got starting on the right inside side to triple zero to the power of 1 2 to the power of 2
107
00:08:29,870 --> 00:08:33,220
2 to the power of 3 4 5 6 and 7.
108
00:08:33,440 --> 00:08:35,920
And then we've got a binary equivalent.
109
00:08:35,990 --> 00:08:40,980
So if we set this to binary 1 and then the decimal equivalent is 128.
110
00:08:41,120 --> 00:08:46,450
If I set this to binary one decimal equivalent is to.
111
00:08:46,520 --> 00:08:53,710
To help you understand that let's do an example let's say I gave you a number of Turner 55 255.
112
00:08:53,720 --> 00:08:58,910
If we take the decimal equivalence is equal to 128.
113
00:08:58,910 --> 00:09:01,970
In other words this but is set on 64.
114
00:09:01,970 --> 00:09:11,600
In other words this part is set on 32 16 8 4 2 and 1.
115
00:09:11,660 --> 00:09:18,510
In other words if I add 128 plus 64 plus 32 plus 16 plus eight plus four plus two plus one I get turned
116
00:09:18,510 --> 00:09:30,620
on 55 in decimal that is represented as this in binary so in binary eight binary ones equates to 255
117
00:09:31,010 --> 00:09:37,940
because this equals binary one this equals 128 in decimal.
11696
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.