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Across thousands of brutal,
untamed miles..
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00:00:32,722 --> 00:00:35,759
...a different breed
of founding fathers
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00:00:35,799 --> 00:00:38,577
fight a revolution... all
their own.
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00:00:39,786 --> 00:00:40,951
Fire!
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00:00:48,931 --> 00:00:51,919
For more than 70 years..
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00:00:51,965 --> 00:00:56,077
...they push into the unknown.
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00:00:56,125 --> 00:00:58,684
...driven by the hope
that this vast land
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00:00:58,725 --> 00:01:02,937
holds a fortune
that could be theirs..
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00:01:02,973 --> 00:01:05,483
...if... they survive.
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00:01:10,731 --> 00:01:13,589
They fight for a dream..
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...to transform a wilderness
into a nation..
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...the United States
of America.
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Deep in the vast,
uncharted wilderness
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00:02:51,668 --> 00:02:54,874
known as the Kentucky Territory
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00:02:54,918 --> 00:02:58,125
Daniel Boone is running
for his life.
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00:03:03,587 --> 00:03:05,578
He's spent
the last two years here
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00:03:05,623 --> 00:03:09,218
hunting and fur trapping
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but he's on land claimed
by the Shawnee Tribe.
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And now, their warriors are hunting him.
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By the early 1770s
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only a handful
of non-natives have dared
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00:04:38,153 --> 00:04:39,577
to venture this far west.
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Those that do find both danger...
and opportunity.
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The allure of the frontier
is it's a place
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where people who have nothing
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00:04:53,149 --> 00:04:55,449
could go and make a lot of money
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00:04:55,489 --> 00:04:58,098
trapping beaver and river otter
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and hunting for deer hides.
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00:05:01,686 --> 00:05:04,454
Our term today, like,
when you say a dollar or a buck
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00:05:04,503 --> 00:05:07,192
a buck comes from
the value of a deer hide.
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00:05:10,310 --> 00:05:12,949
At the same time,
you're in constant danger
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00:05:12,997 --> 00:05:14,252
of being killed.
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00:05:16,508 --> 00:05:18,460
And there's always
a very good chance
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00:05:18,502 --> 00:05:20,454
that you could fail
catastrophically.
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Boone's lucky to be alive
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but every pelt
he planned to sell
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to feed his family is gone
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and he returns home
to North Carolina in debt.
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00:05:46,802 --> 00:05:49,929
In 1773, North Carolina
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is one of 13 British colonies
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ruled by King George III.
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Ten years earlier,
he made it illegal for colonists
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00:05:59,631 --> 00:06:02,140
to permanently settle west
of the Appalachians
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00:06:02,188 --> 00:06:05,225
though hunting was permitted.
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00:06:05,265 --> 00:06:08,950
That area is home to over
two million Native Americans
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from over 300 competing tribes.
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And Britain wants
no trouble with them.
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00:06:16,923 --> 00:06:18,357
The crown's restriction
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00:06:18,397 --> 00:06:21,255
infuriates colonists
eager for land.
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00:06:29,664 --> 00:06:30,879
And it doesn't stop men
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00:06:30,922 --> 00:06:33,223
like North Carolina judge
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Richard Henderson.
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00:06:37,206 --> 00:06:39,765
He's just bought
20 million acres
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00:06:39,807 --> 00:06:43,710
nearly the whole area
of modern Kentucky.
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He plans to profit
by selling it to settlers
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00:06:46,437 --> 00:06:49,643
and he doesn't care
what law he breaks
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or if it's claimed
by Native American tribes.
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I think people were tired
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00:06:59,179 --> 00:07:03,123
of constant rules
and regulations.
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00:07:03,167 --> 00:07:05,805
Americans wanted
to strike it rich.
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00:07:05,853 --> 00:07:08,144
They wanted, uh,
to make a killing
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00:07:08,193 --> 00:07:09,707
in land and real estate.
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00:07:12,484 --> 00:07:15,731
The American frontier
always meant dollar signs.
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00:07:15,778 --> 00:07:18,686
Some of the great famous names
of the American Revolution
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Ben Franklin, George Washington
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were engaged in buying up land in the West.
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But you still have, of course,
the Native American tribes
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00:07:27,913 --> 00:07:29,905
who were not
about to just accept
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00:07:29,950 --> 00:07:32,678
all these Americans flooding
over the Appalachian Mountains.
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00:07:36,668 --> 00:07:38,918
If Henderson's going
to settle his land
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he needs to find someone
brave enough to lead the way.
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And by sheer coincidence
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he's about to meet him.
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00:08:05,444 --> 00:08:08,482
'Mr. Boone promised
to settle his debt'
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as soon as he returned,
and yet here he is
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00:08:12,162 --> 00:08:15,448
refusing to make good
on his promise.
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00:08:15,500 --> 00:08:17,970
After his recent disastrous
hunting trip
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Boone is facing debtor's prison.
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Your Honor, I have every
intention of settling my debts.
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When Boone returned from
two years in the wilderness
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he was poorer
than when he set out.
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There are tribes
all over Kentucky.
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'I spent two years there.'
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But he lived on hope
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he lived on, on the sense
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that things were gonna
break for him, you know?
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Tracked enough pelts
to pay him back ten times over
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before the Shawnee tracked me.
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00:08:46,097 --> 00:08:49,174
Henderson sees a way to
solve both of their problems.
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The meeting of Daniel Boone
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and Richard Henderson
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uh, is one of these coincidences
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that makes history.
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Henderson needs
a guy like Daniel Boone
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the essential frontiersman.
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00:09:03,433 --> 00:09:06,381
And he thinks Boone,
who is down on his luck
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00:09:06,424 --> 00:09:09,411
he's in serious debts,
is so desperate
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00:09:09,457 --> 00:09:12,713
that he would actually
take on this crazy, uh, scheme.
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00:09:14,268 --> 00:09:16,737
Mr. Boone..
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00:09:16,781 --> 00:09:20,595
...I've recently purchased
a rge parcel of land..
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00:09:20,639 --> 00:09:21,983
'...right around here.'
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00:09:24,756 --> 00:09:26,797
The judge offers Boone a choice.
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00:09:26,836 --> 00:09:30,172
Work off his debt
in hard labor camp
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00:09:30,217 --> 00:09:33,204
or blaze a trail into
the Kentucky wilderness.
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00:09:36,415 --> 00:09:37,978
For Daniel Boone
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00:09:38,018 --> 00:09:41,145
it'll be the greatest
challenge of his life.
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He'll defy British law
and lead 30 settlers
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farther west
than he's ever been.
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Straight into Shawnee territory.
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As Boone prepares
to challenge the crown..
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00:09:58,041 --> 00:10:00,640
...in New England,
another rebellion is brewing.
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00:10:07,965 --> 00:10:10,255
After nearly a decade
of growing anger
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at repressive British taxes
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00:10:12,646 --> 00:10:15,504
Boston rebels
are throwing a tea party.
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The idea of freedom and liberty
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mattered to the colonists.
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00:10:25,647 --> 00:10:29,163
And their concern was,
they were on a slippery slope
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00:10:29,201 --> 00:10:31,890
to having their rights
and privileges eroded
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by a tyrannical government
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00:10:34,965 --> 00:10:36,051
across the seas.
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00:10:42,464 --> 00:10:45,760
Tensions between crown and
colonies are escalating.
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As Boone sets out
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00:10:49,831 --> 00:10:52,997
on a mission that will
shape the future of America.
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Daniel Boone's foray
into the backcountry
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at that time would be
the equivalent
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of landing on the moon.
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00:11:01,143 --> 00:11:04,001
It was opening up
a whole new frontier.
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00:11:04,047 --> 00:11:07,253
This is before anyone had
any knowledge about how far
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00:11:07,297 --> 00:11:09,767
and expansive
this frontier truly was.
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It was an opportunity
for Americans
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to move into this region
and to discover
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in that process, great wealth
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and also, opportunity.
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00:11:21,122 --> 00:11:22,944
To reach Henderson's claim
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00:11:22,986 --> 00:11:25,506
Boone and his men must
cut a trail through a notch
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00:11:25,542 --> 00:11:28,490
in the Appalachian Mountains..
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00:11:28,533 --> 00:11:30,136
...the Cumberland Gap.
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There were mountains
that had to be gone around
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00:11:47,645 --> 00:11:50,284
streams that had to be crossed.
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00:11:50,333 --> 00:11:52,763
The woods were full of Shawnees
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and other Indians prowling.
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After a grueling
400-mile journey..
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...Boone arrives at the edge
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of an untapped wilderness.
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If I had access
to a time machine
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00:12:30,595 --> 00:12:32,885
I would go back
and be with Boone
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00:12:32,936 --> 00:12:35,794
the first time he went through
the Cumberland Gap
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and dropped down into the
Kentucky hunting grounds.
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I mean, this was
the Promised Land
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that he had been striving for
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00:12:43,120 --> 00:12:45,550
as a frontiersman
his entire life.
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The trail Boone blazes
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will come to be known
as the Wilderness Road.
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And over the next four decades
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some 300,000 pioneers
will follow it west.
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Daniel Boone really was
an iconic figure
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even in his own time.
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I mean, these were individuals
who could
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00:13:12,808 --> 00:13:15,537
and had to do it all.
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There certainly is
something about Americans
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that they were
always striving forward
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00:13:20,869 --> 00:13:24,165
relentlessly in search
of land that they could own
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living by their own
self-reliance.
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It was their idea
of the American dream.
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00:13:40,719 --> 00:13:44,493
It's an American dream that's
about to be born in fire.
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Just two weeks
after Boone's arrival
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colonial rage explodes..
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...in the small town of
Lexington, Massachusetts.
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It's the shot
heard round the world.
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[ramatic music]
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1775, a new spirit
of independence
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is sweeping across America.
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And on April 19th..
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00:14:50,235 --> 00:14:53,402
...the battles of Lexington
and Concord erupt
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leaving 49 colonists dead.
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The first casualties in what
will soon be a revolution.
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The rebels that were fighting
were ordinary people.
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00:15:08,654 --> 00:15:10,954
They were farmers,
just everyday folks
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00:15:10,994 --> 00:15:12,726
that wanted freedom
and they wanted liberty.
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00:15:12,771 --> 00:15:14,554
And they were willing
to fight for it
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00:15:14,592 --> 00:15:16,583
against this great superpower
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and they were willing
to die for this.
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Four hundred miles west
on the Kentucky frontier
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00:15:27,160 --> 00:15:30,764
that same patriotic spirit
inspires Daniel Boone.
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He and his men are building
a permanent settlement
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00:15:38,384 --> 00:15:42,019
in defiance
of the British crown.
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Keep those nice and tight
as they go up, yeah?
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- 'Yeah, yeah, yeah.'
- 'Alright.'
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'Good work, boys.'
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At the same time, Lexington
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00:15:50,650 --> 00:15:52,691
and Concord
is raging in the East
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here is Daniel Boone and this
small ragtag group of men
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cutting through and establishing
this settlement.
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These seemingly
disconnected events
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in some sense are wedded
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00:16:03,911 --> 00:16:07,426
as Americans are beginning
to fight for independence.
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00:16:07,465 --> 00:16:09,765
You also have
this process of expanding
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00:16:09,805 --> 00:16:11,628
what will become
the American nation.
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00:16:15,137 --> 00:16:17,736
Boone knows
they're on Shawnee soil
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00:16:17,780 --> 00:16:20,857
and throughout
the spring of 1775
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he races to complete defenses.
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00:16:25,408 --> 00:16:29,221
Living on the frontier
was extremely dangerous.
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00:16:29,265 --> 00:16:31,476
Daniel Boone's own son
was tortured to death
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00:16:31,519 --> 00:16:34,257
by Indians a couple
years earlier.
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00:16:34,292 --> 00:16:35,985
And they knew that
if they were going to survive
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00:16:36,026 --> 00:16:38,067
they needed to live
in a fortified settlement.
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00:16:47,468 --> 00:16:49,768
Well, just imagine,
you've arrived
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00:16:49,808 --> 00:16:51,710
in the woods of Kentucky.
209
00:16:51,758 --> 00:16:56,089
You have an axe,
and you have a few crosscut saws.
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00:16:56,135 --> 00:16:58,346
Every log has gotta be chopped.
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00:16:58,389 --> 00:16:59,863
It's gotta be sawed,
it's got to be notched
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00:16:59,906 --> 00:17:01,599
it's got to be rolled.
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00:17:01,639 --> 00:17:04,626
So, we're talking
about real hard work.
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00:17:12,171 --> 00:17:14,810
After four weeks of hard labor
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00:17:14,858 --> 00:17:18,324
the fort is christened
Boonesborough.
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00:17:23,569 --> 00:17:26,038
The settlement is the
largest ever established
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00:17:26,083 --> 00:17:27,378
on the frontier..
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00:17:28,814 --> 00:17:30,377
...and it quickly expands
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00:17:30,417 --> 00:17:33,325
triggering a new wave
of pioneers
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00:17:33,364 --> 00:17:36,401
drawn west by the promise
of owning land.
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00:17:38,131 --> 00:17:41,418
America is the land of dreams.
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00:17:41,468 --> 00:17:44,545
And you can just go out,
and if you have your axe
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00:17:44,588 --> 00:17:48,054
and your gun and some guts,
alright, you go out there
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00:17:48,100 --> 00:17:50,181
and maybe you're gonna
get killed in the wilderness
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00:17:50,223 --> 00:17:53,170
but you got a shot
at making your claim.
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00:17:54,731 --> 00:17:57,628
That did not exist in Europe.
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00:17:57,677 --> 00:17:58,812
All the land was taken.
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00:17:58,847 --> 00:18:00,749
It was all owned by these nobles
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00:18:00,798 --> 00:18:03,656
and lords and rich guys.
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00:18:03,702 --> 00:18:05,783
There was no opportunity.
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00:18:05,825 --> 00:18:07,906
But in America,
there was an opportunity.
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00:18:16,834 --> 00:18:19,433
Among the new arrivals
at Boonesborough
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00:18:19,476 --> 00:18:21,468
are Boone's wife
and eight children
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00:18:21,514 --> 00:18:26,324
including his 14-year-old
daughter, Jemima.
235
00:18:26,367 --> 00:18:30,092
Jemima Boone was
Daniel Boone's favorite child.
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00:18:31,309 --> 00:18:32,782
Boone took a personal hand
237
00:18:32,825 --> 00:18:35,643
in training Jemima as a marksman
238
00:18:35,686 --> 00:18:38,335
as a woodswoman.
239
00:18:43,140 --> 00:18:45,779
You might look
at Boone's decision
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00:18:45,828 --> 00:18:48,646
to move his family into
the Kentucky wilderness
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00:18:48,688 --> 00:18:50,380
now and think of it as
242
00:18:50,421 --> 00:18:52,333
this really reckless,
dangerous thing.
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00:18:54,105 --> 00:18:56,883
But I think
he probably looked at it as
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00:18:56,922 --> 00:19:01,343
this was his chance
to have the American dream.
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00:19:01,386 --> 00:19:06,066
Where here's his promise of
acquiring a large chunk of land
246
00:19:06,110 --> 00:19:08,660
that not only
that he could farm and settle
247
00:19:08,710 --> 00:19:11,090
but that future generations
of Boones
248
00:19:11,137 --> 00:19:12,959
would be able to farm and settle
249
00:19:13,001 --> 00:19:14,385
and live off
the fat of the land.
250
00:19:19,372 --> 00:19:22,021
By the end of 1775
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00:19:22,059 --> 00:19:25,445
the number of settlers
in Kentucky has tripled.
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00:19:25,483 --> 00:19:26,996
And settlements now cover
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00:19:27,043 --> 00:19:29,075
more than half a million acres of land.
254
00:19:34,627 --> 00:19:37,276
A move that alarms native tribes
255
00:19:37,315 --> 00:19:38,958
including the Shawnee.
256
00:19:43,858 --> 00:19:47,194
For the last century,
they've been pushed relentlessly west.
257
00:19:50,576 --> 00:19:55,037
Now, they see each new
settlement as an invasion..
258
00:19:55,083 --> 00:19:57,433
...one they're determined
to stop.
259
00:19:59,938 --> 00:20:02,925
In Kentucky, the Shawnees
were already thriving
260
00:20:02,971 --> 00:20:05,092
before the arrival of Europeans.
261
00:20:05,138 --> 00:20:06,661
In fact, they were one
of the more
262
00:20:06,698 --> 00:20:08,043
kind of, influential
263
00:20:08,085 --> 00:20:10,864
powerful people in that region.
264
00:20:10,903 --> 00:20:13,243
When strange settlers
265
00:20:13,287 --> 00:20:15,806
begin to build lodges
of their own
266
00:20:15,843 --> 00:20:17,665
cabins and such
267
00:20:17,707 --> 00:20:20,097
then native people
began to realize
268
00:20:20,134 --> 00:20:22,952
this was more
of a permanent situation.
269
00:20:22,994 --> 00:20:26,728
This is Shawnee territory,
it had to be defended.
270
00:20:26,765 --> 00:20:28,717
And so, you go to war.
271
00:20:43,451 --> 00:20:46,528
Among the most powerful
Shawnee leaders in Kentucky
272
00:20:46,570 --> 00:20:49,867
is a war chief named Blackfish.
273
00:20:49,907 --> 00:20:52,118
In 1776..
274
00:20:52,162 --> 00:20:55,110
...he decides
to strike back.
275
00:20:55,152 --> 00:20:58,837
Blackfish was
a well-known war leader
276
00:20:58,879 --> 00:21:03,081
of the Chillicothe group
of the Shawnee nation.
277
00:21:03,127 --> 00:21:05,686
He was a very respected leader
278
00:21:05,727 --> 00:21:08,714
who drew people to him.
279
00:21:08,760 --> 00:21:12,704
From Blackfish's perspective,
that land was Shawnee land.
280
00:21:12,747 --> 00:21:14,739
And so, Blackfish believed
281
00:21:14,785 --> 00:21:17,085
as many other Shawnees believed
282
00:21:17,125 --> 00:21:20,550
that a definitive stand
had to be made
283
00:21:20,592 --> 00:21:23,022
to stop losing ground
to the whites.
284
00:22:00,767 --> 00:22:02,759
Deep in the Kentucky
wilderness..
285
00:22:04,798 --> 00:22:06,790
...a Shawnee war party abducts
286
00:22:06,836 --> 00:22:09,953
three young women
near Boonesborough.
287
00:22:09,999 --> 00:22:13,027
Among them is Daniel Boone's
14-year-old daughter..
288
00:22:14,680 --> 00:22:16,801
...Jemima.
289
00:22:18,580 --> 00:22:20,482
You three, with me.
290
00:22:20,530 --> 00:22:23,000
Ready your weapons
and stay alert. Man the wall.
291
00:22:46,968 --> 00:22:50,702
As Americans expand
beyond the Appalachians
292
00:22:50,738 --> 00:22:53,466
understandably,
conflict is gonna erupt
293
00:22:53,511 --> 00:22:55,941
between the Native Americans
294
00:22:55,982 --> 00:22:58,023
and... these frontiersmen
295
00:22:58,062 --> 00:23:00,064
who have intruded
upon their lands.
296
00:23:02,440 --> 00:23:04,431
The warning is clear.
297
00:23:04,476 --> 00:23:06,298
No outsider who sets foot
298
00:23:06,340 --> 00:23:10,104
on Shawnee land is safe.
299
00:23:10,154 --> 00:23:13,789
But Jemima Boone is uniquely
equipped to survive.
300
00:23:27,923 --> 00:23:29,178
Now, Boone's daughter starts
301
00:23:29,223 --> 00:23:31,384
tearing little bits of fabric
302
00:23:31,434 --> 00:23:32,947
from her apron or dress
303
00:23:32,994 --> 00:23:34,816
and leaving along a trail.
304
00:23:41,358 --> 00:23:43,658
So, here's someone,
she's getting abducted
305
00:23:43,699 --> 00:23:45,910
and she knows
that she's gonna be taken
306
00:23:45,953 --> 00:23:48,502
to these distant Indian villages
307
00:23:48,553 --> 00:23:51,231
and possibly tortured and killed
308
00:23:51,283 --> 00:23:52,886
and she has the presence of mind
309
00:23:52,930 --> 00:23:56,057
to be leaving evidence
of their passage along the way.
310
00:24:01,294 --> 00:24:03,206
'We keep our distance
till nightfall.'
311
00:24:03,245 --> 00:24:04,241
Come on.
312
00:24:32,932 --> 00:24:33,928
Spread out.
313
00:25:25,460 --> 00:25:27,193
Come on!
314
00:25:39,805 --> 00:25:41,278
'Watch the tree line.'
315
00:25:43,055 --> 00:25:44,529
Are you alright?
Are you alright?
316
00:25:45,785 --> 00:25:46,871
Come here.
317
00:25:51,506 --> 00:25:54,235
The story of the abduction
of Jemima
318
00:25:54,281 --> 00:25:57,358
went, as we would say, viral.
319
00:25:57,400 --> 00:26:00,388
Almost everything Daniel Boone
did burnished his reputation.
320
00:26:00,435 --> 00:26:02,128
He was the kind of figure
321
00:26:02,168 --> 00:26:04,598
around whom stories collect.
322
00:26:04,638 --> 00:26:05,723
Come on, come on.
323
00:26:05,765 --> 00:26:06,970
People felt, how dumb
324
00:26:07,022 --> 00:26:08,446
could you be
325
00:26:08,496 --> 00:26:10,358
to kidnap the daughter
of Daniel Boone.
326
00:26:16,903 --> 00:26:18,945
The Jemima story fits in
327
00:26:18,984 --> 00:26:22,579
with many stories
of young women getting captured
328
00:26:22,624 --> 00:26:24,437
by Native Americans at the time.
329
00:26:24,487 --> 00:26:27,823
This, this was a,
a kind of great fear and anxiety
330
00:26:27,868 --> 00:26:30,597
that just proliferated
throughout every single colony.
331
00:26:32,246 --> 00:26:34,586
The idea that "We got her back
332
00:26:34,629 --> 00:26:36,013
thanks to Daniel Boone's
heroism"
333
00:26:36,060 --> 00:26:38,828
is the kind of reassurance
334
00:26:38,876 --> 00:26:42,082
for women to go out there
who would, of course, be part
335
00:26:42,127 --> 00:26:44,985
of the essential building
blocks of any society
336
00:26:45,031 --> 00:26:46,375
and that was really important.
337
00:26:48,671 --> 00:26:50,065
Within weeks of Boone's return
338
00:26:50,102 --> 00:26:52,004
home to Boonesborough
339
00:26:52,051 --> 00:26:54,471
the colonies move past
rebellion..
340
00:26:56,818 --> 00:26:58,252
...to revolution.
341
00:27:03,363 --> 00:27:05,355
'"When in the course
of human events'
342
00:27:05,400 --> 00:27:07,442
"it becomes necessary
for one people
343
00:27:07,481 --> 00:27:09,134
"to dissolve the political bands
344
00:27:09,170 --> 00:27:12,158
'which have connected
them with another."'
345
00:27:12,205 --> 00:27:14,674
In July 1776
346
00:27:14,718 --> 00:27:17,885
the colonies declare
independence.
347
00:27:17,926 --> 00:27:21,003
'"That among these, are life,
liberty'
348
00:27:21,045 --> 00:27:23,386
and the pursuit of happiness."
349
00:27:23,429 --> 00:27:27,502
And the United States
of America is born.
350
00:27:27,546 --> 00:27:30,882
It's built on the ideals of
freedom and self-reliance..
351
00:27:34,091 --> 00:27:36,829
...values personified
by frontiersmen.
352
00:27:39,508 --> 00:27:41,071
Within a month, copies
353
00:27:41,112 --> 00:27:43,323
of the Declaration
of Independence
354
00:27:43,366 --> 00:27:46,184
reach remote outposts,
like Boonesborough.
355
00:27:50,213 --> 00:27:52,125
When Daniel Boone gets word
356
00:27:52,164 --> 00:27:53,817
of the Declaration
of Independence
357
00:27:53,853 --> 00:27:56,622
he had to be aware
that in some sense
358
00:27:56,671 --> 00:27:58,622
he was on the advance guard
359
00:27:58,664 --> 00:28:01,612
the front edge of the
movement for independence.
360
00:28:03,604 --> 00:28:05,686
Daniel Boone understood
that liberty
361
00:28:05,728 --> 00:28:08,069
was the freedom to do exactly
what he had been doing
362
00:28:08,112 --> 00:28:11,448
to traverse the West,
to provide for his family
363
00:28:11,492 --> 00:28:14,529
to have a life independent
of some dictatorial power.
364
00:28:18,600 --> 00:28:21,847
The colonists know the price
of independence is war.
365
00:28:28,178 --> 00:28:29,821
But Britain's generals
have no doubt
366
00:28:29,869 --> 00:28:31,512
they will crush the revolution.
367
00:28:34,072 --> 00:28:35,805
Their plan is simple
368
00:28:35,850 --> 00:28:38,409
hit eastern cities by sea
369
00:28:38,450 --> 00:28:40,182
then send troops
down from Canada
370
00:28:40,226 --> 00:28:43,343
to attack northern forts.
371
00:28:48,374 --> 00:28:52,407
By November 1776,
the British take New York..
372
00:28:56,609 --> 00:28:59,427
...then chase the Continental
Army into Pennsylvania.
373
00:29:01,550 --> 00:29:03,501
Things were going very badly
374
00:29:03,543 --> 00:29:06,142
for the American cause.
375
00:29:06,187 --> 00:29:07,870
Great Britain entered the war
376
00:29:07,921 --> 00:29:10,998
believing that they
could easily suppress us
377
00:29:11,041 --> 00:29:12,425
because at this point
378
00:29:12,472 --> 00:29:14,244
the United States
military was small
379
00:29:14,291 --> 00:29:16,671
and generally
not very efficient.
380
00:29:19,275 --> 00:29:22,531
And the British are the most
powerful empire in the world.
381
00:29:24,649 --> 00:29:27,288
They had the most powerful army.
382
00:29:27,336 --> 00:29:30,971
It was well-trained,
well-organized.
383
00:29:42,765 --> 00:29:44,717
With the Continental Army
on the run
384
00:29:44,759 --> 00:29:47,188
the British devise a new trap.
385
00:29:47,229 --> 00:29:49,530
They'll open a western front in the war
386
00:29:49,569 --> 00:29:52,736
by attacking settlements,
like Boonesborough.
387
00:29:58,454 --> 00:30:01,402
Their strategy relies
on unlikely allies.
388
00:30:07,339 --> 00:30:08,982
Consider them a gift.
389
00:30:13,363 --> 00:30:14,787
The British allied
with the Native Americans
390
00:30:14,836 --> 00:30:16,350
during the Revolutionary War
391
00:30:16,397 --> 00:30:18,219
because the native allies
were useful
392
00:30:18,261 --> 00:30:20,820
in terms of scouting,
providing information
393
00:30:20,861 --> 00:30:22,464
simply as a fighting force.
394
00:30:24,415 --> 00:30:27,452
Shawnees had conflict
with white settlers
395
00:30:27,492 --> 00:30:28,667
coming into their land
396
00:30:28,705 --> 00:30:30,268
so they were fighting this war
397
00:30:30,309 --> 00:30:33,217
alongside the British.
398
00:30:33,256 --> 00:30:36,771
In 1777, Britain
starts arming the Shawnee
399
00:30:36,810 --> 00:30:40,066
and other Native American
tribes to fight the settlers.
400
00:30:43,224 --> 00:30:47,645
In exchange, they promised
to return native lands.
401
00:30:47,688 --> 00:30:49,241
These native people
402
00:30:49,291 --> 00:30:51,362
they had no doubt
what was in store for them
403
00:30:51,415 --> 00:30:53,755
if the Americans won.
404
00:30:53,798 --> 00:30:55,362
They faced removal.
405
00:30:57,785 --> 00:30:59,170
On the other hand
406
00:30:59,216 --> 00:31:02,293
the British promised rewards
in land.
407
00:31:07,017 --> 00:31:09,098
Now the Shawnee..
408
00:31:09,141 --> 00:31:11,043
...and Daniel Boone
409
00:31:11,091 --> 00:31:12,515
are on a collision course..
410
00:31:15,165 --> 00:31:18,063
...that will help decide
the new nation's future.
411
00:31:29,467 --> 00:31:31,459
By late 1777..
412
00:31:33,368 --> 00:31:35,489
...the Shawnee
are British allies..
413
00:31:38,612 --> 00:31:41,430
...part of a strategy
to open a western front
414
00:31:41,472 --> 00:31:44,110
in the Revolutionary War.
415
00:31:44,159 --> 00:31:47,196
The British,
in the time of the revolution
416
00:31:47,236 --> 00:31:51,010
they were arming Indian
tribes to attack settlements.
417
00:31:51,050 --> 00:31:53,440
They promised the Indians
418
00:31:53,477 --> 00:31:56,166
that once they drove the
settlers out of Kentucky
419
00:31:56,208 --> 00:31:59,115
they could recover
their territory.
420
00:31:59,154 --> 00:32:01,454
The British could then attack
421
00:32:01,494 --> 00:32:03,795
the colonies from the west.
422
00:32:03,834 --> 00:32:05,786
That was part of their plan
423
00:32:05,828 --> 00:32:08,039
to put down this rebellion.
424
00:32:17,790 --> 00:32:19,214
In Boonesborough
425
00:32:19,264 --> 00:32:21,385
Daniel Boone has no idea
426
00:32:21,430 --> 00:32:22,685
of the coming danger.
427
00:32:24,638 --> 00:32:27,894
And the settlement
has a different problem.
428
00:32:27,932 --> 00:32:29,884
They're running
dangerously low on salt.
429
00:32:32,049 --> 00:32:33,732
Salt was so important
430
00:32:33,782 --> 00:32:35,645
to the settlers
at Boonesborough.
431
00:32:35,689 --> 00:32:38,946
The diet of the people
was almost entirely game.
432
00:32:38,984 --> 00:32:40,756
It was hunted meat.
433
00:32:40,804 --> 00:32:44,658
Because Indians were
attacking settlers regularly
434
00:32:44,703 --> 00:32:47,392
they stayed in that fort
as much as possible.
435
00:32:47,434 --> 00:32:49,426
And there was very little
farming going on.
436
00:32:49,471 --> 00:32:51,861
So, salt was the only way
437
00:32:51,898 --> 00:32:53,760
that settlers had
to preserve meat.
438
00:33:04,380 --> 00:33:06,720
To get salt, Boone and two dozen of his men
439
00:33:06,764 --> 00:33:10,707
must head 50 miles from
the safety of their fort
440
00:33:10,751 --> 00:33:13,609
to a distant river
rich with mineral deposits.
441
00:33:32,638 --> 00:33:34,590
Today, we don't really
spend a whole lot of time
442
00:33:34,631 --> 00:33:35,936
thinking about salt.
443
00:33:38,184 --> 00:33:40,266
But it was a big undertaking
'cause they wouldn't go
444
00:33:40,308 --> 00:33:42,220
to the store and buy it,
they would go
445
00:33:42,258 --> 00:33:45,465
to, what they called a salt
lake, and this was just a spring
446
00:33:45,509 --> 00:33:47,291
where the water coming up
out of the spring
447
00:33:47,329 --> 00:33:48,982
has a high salt content.
448
00:33:52,140 --> 00:33:54,052
Keep that energy up, boys.
449
00:34:01,371 --> 00:34:04,408
You get to boil down five or
six hundred gallons of water
450
00:34:04,448 --> 00:34:07,097
to end up with
a 50-pound bushel of salt.
451
00:34:09,476 --> 00:34:10,870
Boone and his men can extract
452
00:34:10,906 --> 00:34:14,939
about 500 pounds of salt a day
453
00:34:14,980 --> 00:34:17,618
but they need 15,000 pounds
before winter.
454
00:34:20,397 --> 00:34:22,737
The work leaves them
exposed in the wilderness
455
00:34:22,781 --> 00:34:24,513
for nearly a month.
456
00:35:20,553 --> 00:35:22,285
Boone and all of his men
457
00:35:22,329 --> 00:35:24,888
are taken by the Shawnee.
458
00:35:24,929 --> 00:35:27,538
The British will pay
a $100 bounty
459
00:35:27,573 --> 00:35:29,475
for each captured settler.
460
00:35:36,198 --> 00:35:39,574
The Shawnees and the settlers
in Kentucky were at war.
461
00:35:39,621 --> 00:35:45,775
And when the Shawnees discovered
Boone and his men making salt
462
00:35:45,819 --> 00:35:49,245
this was a sudden crime
of opportunity.
463
00:35:49,287 --> 00:35:52,234
They took them
as prisoners of war.
464
00:35:52,277 --> 00:35:54,916
These would've been
valuable assets.
465
00:35:59,255 --> 00:36:00,948
First, they have to survive
466
00:36:00,987 --> 00:36:03,248
a brutal Native American rite
467
00:36:03,285 --> 00:36:05,147
called the gauntlet.
468
00:36:14,640 --> 00:36:17,199
Running the gauntlet was a test
469
00:36:17,240 --> 00:36:19,023
of one's strength and mettle.
470
00:36:21,444 --> 00:36:23,695
And the gauntlet was also a way
471
00:36:23,741 --> 00:36:26,210
of terrorizing your enemy.
472
00:36:26,255 --> 00:36:28,854
In fact, many people did not survive.
473
00:37:27,884 --> 00:37:29,009
Aah!
474
00:38:15,427 --> 00:38:17,896
Fighting as British allies
475
00:38:17,940 --> 00:38:20,758
the Shawnee have captured
Daniel Boone and his men.
476
00:38:23,141 --> 00:38:25,432
To prove his worth
477
00:38:25,481 --> 00:38:27,602
Boone is forced to run
the gauntlet.
478
00:38:59,156 --> 00:39:00,679
Boone running the gauntlet
479
00:39:00,716 --> 00:39:03,753
and kind of withstanding
all these hits
480
00:39:03,793 --> 00:39:07,996
earns him, uh, the respect of,
uh, Blackfish.
481
00:39:08,040 --> 00:39:10,819
And he's then able
to convince Blackfish
482
00:39:10,857 --> 00:39:14,064
not to assault anybody else.
483
00:39:14,108 --> 00:39:17,225
And it certainly added
to the legend of Daniel Boone.
484
00:39:35,085 --> 00:39:37,773
Boone and his men may be alive..
485
00:39:37,815 --> 00:39:41,071
...but they're prisoners
of war..
486
00:39:41,108 --> 00:39:43,628
...in a rebellion that's
on the brink of failure.
487
00:39:55,974 --> 00:39:58,403
By 1778..
488
00:39:58,444 --> 00:40:01,949
...the exhausted Continental
Army is in full retreat.
489
00:40:06,636 --> 00:40:10,101
But it can't escape the most
brutal winter in a century.
490
00:40:12,919 --> 00:40:16,425
In the winter of 1777-1778
491
00:40:16,473 --> 00:40:20,895
the British had occupied
Philadelphia.
492
00:40:20,938 --> 00:40:22,760
Washington's Continental Army
493
00:40:22,801 --> 00:40:24,753
is starving
and freezing to death
494
00:40:24,794 --> 00:40:26,786
at Valley Forge.
495
00:40:26,832 --> 00:40:28,644
It's a very dark time
496
00:40:28,695 --> 00:40:31,294
for the American
revolutionary cause.
497
00:40:34,676 --> 00:40:38,151
By February,
2,500 continental soldiers
498
00:40:38,186 --> 00:40:39,919
die of exposure
499
00:40:39,963 --> 00:40:43,299
disease and starvation.
500
00:40:43,344 --> 00:40:46,640
More than double the casualties
of any single battle.
501
00:40:51,752 --> 00:40:53,355
Back in Boonesborough..
502
00:40:55,522 --> 00:40:57,812
...Boone and his men have
been missing for months.
503
00:41:00,290 --> 00:41:03,317
Most settlers fear the worst.
504
00:41:03,367 --> 00:41:06,046
Including Boone's wife, Rebecca.
505
00:41:09,261 --> 00:41:10,735
Say bye to your sister.
506
00:41:10,778 --> 00:41:12,122
- Bye.
- Goodbye.
507
00:41:12,165 --> 00:41:13,121
Bye.
508
00:41:18,449 --> 00:41:20,181
The people of Boonesborough
509
00:41:20,226 --> 00:41:22,258
assumed the men had been killed.
510
00:41:22,306 --> 00:41:24,646
They had to.
511
00:41:24,689 --> 00:41:28,503
But Jemima stayed after Rebecca
took the rest of the family
512
00:41:28,547 --> 00:41:30,369
back to North Carolina.
513
00:41:32,664 --> 00:41:36,348
She believed that her father
514
00:41:36,391 --> 00:41:37,686
would come back..
515
00:41:39,468 --> 00:41:41,161
...and she was going
to be there to greet him.
516
00:41:57,757 --> 00:42:00,755
Hundreds of miles from home..
517
00:42:00,791 --> 00:42:03,092
...Boone has survived months of captivity.
518
00:42:05,385 --> 00:42:09,030
Now, Chief Blackfish
is marching Boone's men
519
00:42:09,070 --> 00:42:12,196
to the British stronghold
of Fort Detroit.
520
00:42:16,827 --> 00:42:20,989
It's the central staging ground
for attacks from the west.
521
00:42:21,031 --> 00:42:23,800
Part of Britain's plan to work
with their Native American
522
00:42:23,847 --> 00:42:27,363
allies to crush the
colonies from all sides.
523
00:42:48,334 --> 00:42:49,947
The British established
524
00:42:49,981 --> 00:42:54,054
a majorheadquarters at Detroit.
525
00:42:54,099 --> 00:42:57,136
It became the most important
fort in that region
526
00:42:57,176 --> 00:42:58,909
and it was out of Detroit
527
00:42:58,953 --> 00:43:02,109
that they sent the militias
528
00:43:02,160 --> 00:43:05,496
and the supplies
for the Indians to attack.
529
00:43:05,540 --> 00:43:08,667
That would become
a front in the war.
530
00:43:34,881 --> 00:43:38,128
These prisoners were valuable
assets for the Shawnee.
531
00:43:38,175 --> 00:43:40,475
They could trade them
with the British
532
00:43:40,515 --> 00:43:44,727
as a symbol of their support
for the British side.
533
00:43:44,763 --> 00:43:46,844
Unfortunately, some of them
actually were forced
534
00:43:46,886 --> 00:43:49,017
into the British military.
535
00:44:06,562 --> 00:44:09,211
What's going to happen
to those men?
536
00:44:09,249 --> 00:44:11,290
- Where are you taking them?
- To be questioned.
537
00:44:11,329 --> 00:44:12,892
Those men are not rebels.
538
00:44:12,933 --> 00:44:15,881
They're just hunters
and farmers settled in Kentucky.
539
00:44:15,924 --> 00:44:19,051
- What's your name?
- Daniel Boone.
540
00:44:19,087 --> 00:44:21,816
- Of Boonesborough?
- Yes, sir.
541
00:44:21,861 --> 00:44:25,466
You think that's your land?
542
00:44:25,501 --> 00:44:29,226
Boonesborough has not declared
loyalty to the crown.
543
00:44:29,272 --> 00:44:33,215
As such, I've been ordered
to take it by force.
544
00:44:33,259 --> 00:44:36,854
'Blackfish will lead
a war party to take the fort.'
545
00:44:36,899 --> 00:44:39,887
You will go with him to help
negotiate the surrender.
546
00:44:39,934 --> 00:44:41,497
Please, let me...
547
00:44:41,537 --> 00:44:43,359
That is what's going to happen.
548
00:44:46,998 --> 00:44:50,852
Boonesborough is the most
important frontier settlement.
549
00:44:50,899 --> 00:44:54,065
If it falls, the loss could be catastrophic
550
00:44:54,105 --> 00:44:55,888
to the American cause.
551
00:45:11,485 --> 00:45:13,218
Well, you could only imagine
what was going through
552
00:45:13,261 --> 00:45:15,303
Boone's mind.
553
00:45:15,342 --> 00:45:18,329
He realizes that the Shawnee
are going to
554
00:45:18,376 --> 00:45:20,885
uh, attack Boonesborough
555
00:45:20,932 --> 00:45:24,537
facing what seemed to be,
insurmountable odds.
556
00:45:24,573 --> 00:45:27,909
Vastly outnumbered,
his family is there
557
00:45:27,954 --> 00:45:30,722
so he decides that
he's going to risk it all
558
00:45:30,771 --> 00:45:32,643
and try to escape.
559
00:46:37,297 --> 00:46:39,677
Daniel Boone is on the move
560
00:46:39,724 --> 00:46:42,801
making a daring escape..
561
00:46:42,843 --> 00:46:44,666
...from his Shawnee captors.
562
00:46:47,611 --> 00:46:50,688
He has to warn Boonesborough
that an attack is imminent.
563
00:46:54,805 --> 00:46:56,020
'Boone!'
564
00:47:31,774 --> 00:47:33,984
Alone, on foot
565
00:47:34,028 --> 00:47:36,587
Boone must cover a 150 miles
566
00:47:36,628 --> 00:47:41,089
faster than the Shawnee
or the fort will fall
567
00:47:41,135 --> 00:47:43,425
allowing the British
and their allies
568
00:47:43,475 --> 00:47:46,204
to attack the colonies
from the west.
569
00:47:56,780 --> 00:47:58,812
Because he was an expert tracker
570
00:47:58,862 --> 00:48:02,158
Boone knows very well
the kind of things you do
571
00:48:02,198 --> 00:48:04,927
if you don't want someone
to follow you.
572
00:48:04,972 --> 00:48:08,049
So, Boone would do things
like step only on rocks
573
00:48:08,093 --> 00:48:10,951
to not leave a trail
and you cut zigzags
574
00:48:10,996 --> 00:48:14,293
and circles and anything you can
do to confuse your pursuer.
575
00:48:23,131 --> 00:48:27,075
When Boone escaped
from the Shawnees
576
00:48:27,119 --> 00:48:29,509
he was not prepared
for a 100-mile journey.
577
00:48:31,582 --> 00:48:33,315
His feet were blistered
and bloody.
578
00:49:27,664 --> 00:49:30,402
Guys like Daniel Boone
who are on these
579
00:49:30,437 --> 00:49:32,130
endurance journeys.
580
00:49:32,171 --> 00:49:35,507
You'd have to be
in extremely good shape.
581
00:49:35,552 --> 00:49:40,272
That's just a testimonial
to how tough these guys were.
582
00:49:40,319 --> 00:49:42,838
He managed to do it
in four days.
583
00:49:42,876 --> 00:49:45,525
In order to do that,
he drew on incredible resources
584
00:49:45,563 --> 00:49:46,817
in his body.
585
00:49:59,214 --> 00:50:01,036
This is an extraordinary story.
586
00:50:01,078 --> 00:50:02,681
I mean, we're talkin' about, uh..
587
00:50:02,725 --> 00:50:05,464
...four marathons
in four days
588
00:50:05,499 --> 00:50:08,098
without shoes, uh,
through the wilderness..
589
00:50:08,142 --> 00:50:10,483
Not even running on streets.
590
00:50:10,526 --> 00:50:12,906
It builds on this reputation
591
00:50:12,953 --> 00:50:16,508
of Daniel Boone the superhero
who can do anything.
592
00:50:26,041 --> 00:50:27,425
'It's Boone!'
593
00:50:56,249 --> 00:50:58,032
Home for the first time
in months
594
00:50:58,069 --> 00:50:59,892
there's no time to rest.
595
00:51:07,560 --> 00:51:09,383
The Shawnee are coming.
596
00:51:12,285 --> 00:51:14,147
Gather our weapons.
597
00:51:14,192 --> 00:51:16,402
Muskets, ammunition, gunpowder.
598
00:51:16,445 --> 00:51:18,317
Get everything you can.
599
00:51:23,813 --> 00:51:26,024
Everything they needed,
essentially
600
00:51:26,067 --> 00:51:28,098
they had to produce themselves.
601
00:51:28,147 --> 00:51:30,278
Everything they consumed,
everything they drank..
602
00:51:30,314 --> 00:51:32,524
Uh, all the gunpowder
that they used
603
00:51:32,567 --> 00:51:35,126
the, the lead bullets
that they cast
604
00:51:35,168 --> 00:51:37,240
everything had to be made
from materials
605
00:51:37,291 --> 00:51:39,154
that were at hand.
606
00:51:43,792 --> 00:51:47,168
Combining leftover sulfur..
607
00:51:47,217 --> 00:51:51,728
...charcoal from the campfire and bat dung
608
00:51:51,766 --> 00:51:55,023
the settlers race
to make gunpowder.
609
00:52:04,076 --> 00:52:06,685
It was a desperate time.
They were short of men.
610
00:52:06,719 --> 00:52:09,357
They were short of ammunition,
short of supplies.
611
00:52:14,000 --> 00:52:15,952
And yet, people of Boonesborough
612
00:52:15,993 --> 00:52:19,120
were really
a part of the defense
613
00:52:19,157 --> 00:52:22,623
as it turned out,
of the American, uh, Revolution.
614
00:52:54,999 --> 00:52:59,680
Blackfish and his 450
Shawnee warriors
615
00:52:59,722 --> 00:53:01,844
outnumber the people
of Boonesborough..
616
00:53:02,930 --> 00:53:04,185
...seven to one.
617
00:53:17,189 --> 00:53:20,216
Fearing a massacre..
618
00:53:20,266 --> 00:53:24,638
...Boone makes a last ditch
effort to get reinforcements
619
00:53:24,686 --> 00:53:26,598
and sends for the local militia.
620
00:53:39,465 --> 00:53:43,010
They're stationed over
300 miles away..
621
00:53:43,062 --> 00:53:44,018
...in Virginia.
622
00:53:51,643 --> 00:53:54,332
And there's no telling
if they'll arrive in time..
623
00:53:55,934 --> 00:53:57,238
...or at all.
624
00:54:12,664 --> 00:54:16,179
Deep in the Kentucky wilderness
625
00:54:16,217 --> 00:54:19,035
Daniel Boone braces
for an attack.
626
00:54:24,625 --> 00:54:27,523
Four hundred and fifty
Shawnee warriors
627
00:54:27,572 --> 00:54:29,314
are marching toward
Boonesborough..
628
00:54:31,559 --> 00:54:35,194
...under British orders
to capture the fort.
629
00:54:35,242 --> 00:54:38,618
If it falls, the blow to the colonial cause
630
00:54:38,667 --> 00:54:39,832
could be devastating.
631
00:54:42,480 --> 00:54:45,029
To understand what was going on
at Boonesborough
632
00:54:45,081 --> 00:54:48,935
you have to consider it in
the context of the revolution.
633
00:54:48,982 --> 00:54:52,109
The British
were encouraging Indians
634
00:54:52,145 --> 00:54:55,262
to attack the Kentucky
settlements.
635
00:54:55,309 --> 00:54:58,038
Boonesborough was the biggest
one, so they felt if they could
636
00:54:58,082 --> 00:55:00,084
bring that down
637
00:55:00,120 --> 00:55:04,023
they could probably
overrun Kentucky
638
00:55:04,063 --> 00:55:05,886
and drive the settlers out.
639
00:55:08,874 --> 00:55:12,558
And then attack from the
west against the colonies.
640
00:55:15,678 --> 00:55:18,805
Boone sent word
to the Virginia militia
641
00:55:18,842 --> 00:55:20,186
hoping for help.
642
00:55:22,352 --> 00:55:24,513
But they're more than
300 miles away..
643
00:55:26,687 --> 00:55:28,161
...and he has no idea
644
00:55:28,204 --> 00:55:30,026
if they're coming.
645
00:55:52,473 --> 00:55:53,738
'They're here!'
646
00:56:10,720 --> 00:56:11,716
My God!
647
00:56:18,564 --> 00:56:21,302
A force of hundreds
of Indians shows up.
648
00:56:21,338 --> 00:56:23,330
They want to wipe Boonesborough
off the map.
649
00:56:36,029 --> 00:56:37,852
Daniel Boone!
650
00:56:37,893 --> 00:56:39,417
But Boone doesn't want
651
00:56:39,454 --> 00:56:40,798
to engage them in a fight.
652
00:56:40,840 --> 00:56:42,842
He's aware that the Shawnee
653
00:56:42,877 --> 00:56:44,869
could possibly massacre them all
654
00:56:44,914 --> 00:56:47,433
so he negotiates
with the Shawnee.
655
00:56:48,728 --> 00:56:50,341
'I'm coming out!'
656
00:57:36,532 --> 00:57:38,394
Do right by your people.
657
00:57:38,439 --> 00:57:41,516
Surrender and no harm
will come to them.
658
00:57:41,558 --> 00:57:44,855
'You have until sundown.'
659
00:57:44,895 --> 00:57:47,843
I need more time
to discuss it with the others.
660
00:57:56,337 --> 00:57:58,239
You have until sundown.
661
00:58:35,299 --> 00:58:37,171
Man your post.
Fire at will.
662
00:59:01,824 --> 00:59:04,333
Even though they were
vastly outnumbered
663
00:59:04,380 --> 00:59:06,073
uh, by the Indians
664
00:59:06,114 --> 00:59:09,539
the frontiersmen
who are in Boonesborough
665
00:59:09,581 --> 00:59:11,354
they used good fortifications
666
00:59:11,401 --> 00:59:14,040
they had stockpiles of weaponry.
667
00:59:16,082 --> 00:59:19,418
And remember that they had
to hunt just to survive
668
00:59:19,462 --> 00:59:22,241
so they were always
exceptional marksmen.
669
00:59:47,329 --> 00:59:48,494
Aah!
670
00:59:57,211 --> 00:59:59,461
We're gonna make this.
We're gonna make this.
671
01:00:40,854 --> 01:00:43,493
Boone and a force
of just 60 settlers
672
01:00:43,541 --> 01:00:47,355
fight off the first attack.
673
01:00:47,398 --> 01:00:49,569
The Shawnee suffer
heavy casualties..
674
01:00:53,292 --> 01:00:57,275
i0dt:1"X ...but Blackfish refuses
to give up.
675
01:00:57,323 --> 01:01:00,310
The frontier story
has been told many times
676
01:01:00,357 --> 01:01:03,653
almost always with the settlers
677
01:01:03,694 --> 01:01:05,347
as the heroes of the story.
678
01:01:08,157 --> 01:01:11,702
But American Indians
are Americans too.
679
01:01:11,755 --> 01:01:13,577
Shawnee people were defending
what they considered to be
680
01:01:13,618 --> 01:01:15,092
their homeland.
681
01:01:20,682 --> 01:01:23,849
The Battle of Boonesborough
is just beginning.
682
01:01:34,422 --> 01:01:37,150
In the first major battle
on the western front
683
01:01:37,195 --> 01:01:41,477
of the Revolutionary War,
Boonesborough is under siege.
684
01:01:54,920 --> 01:01:57,599
After taking heavy casualties
685
01:01:57,651 --> 01:02:01,246
Shawnee leader, Blackfish,
changes tactics..
686
01:02:10,956 --> 01:02:13,425
...unleashing a barrage
of surprise attacks
687
01:02:13,470 --> 01:02:15,203
on the settlement.
688
01:02:48,358 --> 01:02:49,703
Come on!
689
01:02:58,196 --> 01:02:59,411
Just hang on.
690
01:03:11,154 --> 01:03:14,540
The Native Americans we're
using hit-and-run tactics
691
01:03:14,578 --> 01:03:17,267
and these are quite
devastatingly effective
692
01:03:17,309 --> 01:03:19,519
because those in the frontier
693
01:03:19,562 --> 01:03:21,773
feared that they could be
attacked at any time
694
01:03:21,816 --> 01:03:23,030
at any place.
695
01:03:25,240 --> 01:03:28,875
This, as in every combat,
is a test of wills.
696
01:03:31,134 --> 01:03:33,694
They were vulnerable
and exposed.
697
01:03:33,734 --> 01:03:36,284
Bullets were flying.
698
01:03:36,334 --> 01:03:38,366
There was gun smoke
sometimes so thick
699
01:03:38,415 --> 01:03:41,362
you couldn't see anything.
700
01:03:41,405 --> 01:03:44,393
This went on day after day
after day.
701
01:03:47,170 --> 01:03:51,850
With the fort surrounded,
the settlers are trapped.
702
01:04:00,779 --> 01:04:03,816
There was human waste,
animal carcasses
703
01:04:03,856 --> 01:04:06,196
and rotten meat layin' around.
704
01:04:06,239 --> 01:04:08,878
Everyone's clothes
are in tatters.
705
01:04:08,926 --> 01:04:13,517
I mean, this place
is a miserable cesspool.
706
01:04:13,563 --> 01:04:16,421
The only thing worse
than being in here
707
01:04:16,467 --> 01:04:19,583
would be to step out of there
and be tortured and killed.
708
01:04:28,992 --> 01:04:31,890
Boone refuses to surrender.
709
01:04:35,363 --> 01:04:37,574
The settlers stand their ground.
710
01:05:21,996 --> 01:05:23,171
Aah!
711
01:05:35,387 --> 01:05:38,853
The attacks continue
for nine straight days
712
01:05:38,899 --> 01:05:41,538
but Blackfish still
can't take the fort.
713
01:05:44,576 --> 01:05:50,033
Blackfish was in a very
complicated situation there.
714
01:05:50,080 --> 01:05:53,854
He knew that unless Boone
surrendered the fort
715
01:05:53,894 --> 01:05:57,538
it was unlikely
he could take it.
716
01:05:57,578 --> 01:06:00,924
And in a well-built fort,
with those big logs, uh
717
01:06:00,958 --> 01:06:04,294
with rifles,
he could not take the fort.
718
01:06:33,723 --> 01:06:35,545
Blackfish and the Shawnees
just decided
719
01:06:35,586 --> 01:06:38,584
if we can't bring them over,
if we can't capture them
720
01:06:38,620 --> 01:06:41,130
we'll simply do whatever
we can to destroy them.
721
01:06:56,173 --> 01:06:57,985
[c]
722
01:07:04,580 --> 01:07:07,139
Boonesborough
is now a battlefield
723
01:07:07,181 --> 01:07:09,223
in the Revolutionary War.
724
01:07:09,261 --> 01:07:11,641
Armed by the British,
the Shawnee mount
725
01:07:11,688 --> 01:07:12,943
a fierce attack.
726
01:07:15,329 --> 01:07:17,978
But after ten days
of relentless fighting
727
01:07:18,016 --> 01:07:20,057
the fort still stands.
728
01:07:40,076 --> 01:07:41,510
Everybody out!
729
01:08:45,648 --> 01:08:47,898
The siege of Boonesborough
was terrifying
730
01:08:47,945 --> 01:08:49,638
for the people inside the fort.
731
01:08:51,758 --> 01:08:54,487
The gunfire was so loud
732
01:08:54,532 --> 01:08:57,789
women were screaming,
children were crying
733
01:08:57,827 --> 01:09:01,730
they knew the Virginia
militia was on its way
734
01:09:01,770 --> 01:09:03,722
but they didn't
get there in time.
735
01:09:05,453 --> 01:09:07,575
So, the people of Boonesborough
736
01:09:07,620 --> 01:09:10,349
simply assumed
the fort was falling.
737
01:09:43,029 --> 01:09:45,160
At a very important moment
738
01:09:45,196 --> 01:09:50,225
a rainstorm came
and doused the flames.
739
01:09:50,267 --> 01:09:52,527
Had it not rained at that time
740
01:09:52,563 --> 01:09:55,680
Boonesborough could have,
uh, been taken.
741
01:09:59,281 --> 01:10:01,840
The Shawnees' attack fails.
742
01:10:06,172 --> 01:10:08,084
And when a scout returns
with word
743
01:10:08,123 --> 01:10:10,294
that the Virginia militia
is coming
744
01:10:10,332 --> 01:10:12,802
Blackfish has no choice
but to retreat.
745
01:10:15,403 --> 01:10:18,659
They knew there were
more men there, more rifles
746
01:10:18,697 --> 01:10:20,779
more powder, more supplies
747
01:10:20,821 --> 01:10:25,063
and psychologically this was
so discouraging to the Indians
748
01:10:25,111 --> 01:10:29,055
and Blackfish that
the next morning they were gone.
749
01:10:33,172 --> 01:10:37,544
After a eleven days of brutal,
round-the-clock fighting
750
01:10:37,594 --> 01:10:40,492
the Battle of Boonesborough
is finally over.
751
01:10:42,144 --> 01:10:47,212
Securing a badly needed
colonial win.
752
01:10:47,258 --> 01:10:50,773
It would be hard to exaggerate
the importance of the victory
753
01:10:50,812 --> 01:10:53,590
at Boonesborough
for the colonies at this time.
754
01:10:53,629 --> 01:10:55,711
It was a desperate time.
755
01:10:55,752 --> 01:11:00,393
1778 was a bad year
for the Americans.
756
01:11:00,434 --> 01:11:04,646
So, even this little battle
in way off in Kentucky
757
01:11:04,681 --> 01:11:07,798
s important.
758
01:11:07,844 --> 01:11:10,055
The British make a major
miscalculation in dealing
759
01:11:10,098 --> 01:11:12,607
with Boonesborough
and the American frontier.
760
01:11:14,692 --> 01:11:17,161
By supporting
Native American attacks
761
01:11:17,205 --> 01:11:19,675
against the colonists
in the West
762
01:11:19,719 --> 01:11:22,797
that only infuriates
and increases
763
01:11:22,839 --> 01:11:26,056
the hatred
of the British in the East.
764
01:11:26,090 --> 01:11:29,336
This was the deepest anxiety
765
01:11:29,384 --> 01:11:32,331
that these English colonists
had, and for the British to now
766
01:11:32,374 --> 01:11:34,973
just push that button,
it's the height of stupidity.
767
01:11:40,522 --> 01:11:43,250
Just days after
the Shawnee retreat..
768
01:11:46,416 --> 01:11:49,105
...the Virginia militia
finally arrives.
769
01:12:04,532 --> 01:12:06,394
They've come with a new mission
770
01:12:06,439 --> 01:12:09,257
to escalate the war
on the frontier
771
01:12:09,300 --> 01:12:12,855
by striking back against
Britain and its allies.
772
01:12:15,194 --> 01:12:17,703
Their first target
is Chillicothe
773
01:12:17,750 --> 01:12:20,479
the home of Blackfish
774
01:12:20,525 --> 01:12:22,954
and an opportunity for revenge.
775
01:12:26,071 --> 01:12:29,148
Boone was opposed
to exterminationist raids.
776
01:12:29,192 --> 01:12:31,532
These raids north of the Ohio
777
01:12:31,576 --> 01:12:33,916
were aimed at destroying
778
01:12:33,959 --> 01:12:35,652
the Indian homeland.
779
01:12:35,693 --> 01:12:39,248
Burning villages,
burning cornfields
780
01:12:39,291 --> 01:12:42,577
attacking women and children,
killing indiscriminately.
781
01:12:42,628 --> 01:12:45,008
This was just not Boone's style.
782
01:12:47,568 --> 01:12:51,342
I don't know
where their village is.
783
01:12:51,382 --> 01:12:53,762
The remarkable thing about
Boone is that Boone doesn't
784
01:12:53,809 --> 01:12:56,497
turn into an Indian hater.
785
01:12:56,539 --> 01:13:00,612
He doesn't give his life over
to hate and vengeance.
786
01:13:00,657 --> 01:13:02,569
He still has it in him
the capability
787
01:13:02,607 --> 01:13:04,648
to seek peace with these people.
788
01:13:04,687 --> 01:13:06,858
It's kind of remarkable,
because I think that if most
789
01:13:06,897 --> 01:13:08,849
people imagined that situation
790
01:13:08,891 --> 01:13:12,576
the hate would define you
for the rest of your life.
791
01:13:14,308 --> 01:13:15,613
'I do.'
792
01:13:20,679 --> 01:13:22,980
It's right here.
793
01:13:23,020 --> 01:13:24,712
North of the Ohio River.
794
01:13:36,628 --> 01:13:39,008
Boone's refusal to fight
at Chillicothe
795
01:13:39,055 --> 01:13:42,351
causes a rift between him
and the other settlers.
796
01:13:51,321 --> 01:13:55,304
In the fall of 1778,
Daniel and Jemima Boone
797
01:13:55,351 --> 01:13:57,950
leave the settlement he founded.
798
01:14:05,362 --> 01:14:07,703
He goes on to join
American forces
799
01:14:07,745 --> 01:14:10,653
fighting the British
on the western front.
800
01:14:10,693 --> 01:14:13,770
And though he never again
sets foot in Boonesborough
801
01:14:13,814 --> 01:14:15,845
the settlement survives..
802
01:14:17,627 --> 01:14:19,708
...and Kentucky will become
803
01:14:19,751 --> 01:14:23,784
America's 15th state.
804
01:14:23,825 --> 01:14:26,733
Boone remains a seductive figure
805
01:14:26,772 --> 01:14:29,152
in the American imagination.
806
01:14:29,199 --> 01:14:31,798
I think we all like to fancy
807
01:14:31,843 --> 01:14:34,711
that in those circumstances
we would be that brave
808
01:14:34,747 --> 01:14:38,083
and that resourceful
and that capable
809
01:14:38,127 --> 01:14:40,168
to live through and do
the things that he did.
810
01:14:40,207 --> 01:14:41,860
But also throughout his life
811
01:14:41,898 --> 01:14:45,363
he seems just have remained
a good guy.
812
01:14:45,408 --> 01:14:47,658
Boone still stands out
as this likable figure
813
01:14:47,705 --> 01:14:49,528
who treated people fairly
814
01:14:49,568 --> 01:14:52,217
wanted the best for people.
815
01:14:52,255 --> 01:14:54,725
And he had that
rugged individualism
816
01:14:54,770 --> 01:14:57,627
that is the embodiment
of American frontiersmen.
817
01:15:10,284 --> 01:15:13,750
With Boone gone, in May 1779
818
01:15:13,795 --> 01:15:18,087
Virginia's militia marches
on Britain's allies
819
01:15:18,129 --> 01:15:19,693
the Shawnee.
820
01:15:41,966 --> 01:15:47,513
Chillicothe is home
to 3000 Shawnee..
821
01:15:47,556 --> 01:15:51,062
...when the Virginia militia
descends bent on revenge.
822
01:17:00,323 --> 01:17:04,047
For the Shawnee people,
the loss of a beloved leader
823
01:17:04,093 --> 01:17:07,997
in Blackfish
was a serious event.
824
01:17:08,038 --> 01:17:10,288
Blackfish loomed large
825
01:17:10,335 --> 01:17:14,059
because of his stature and
reputation as a war leader.
826
01:17:14,105 --> 01:17:18,218
The loss of Blackfish was
the loss of yet another hero.
827
01:17:27,064 --> 01:17:29,752
From those that survive
828
01:17:29,794 --> 01:17:34,046
a new Shawnee hero will emerge.
829
01:17:34,084 --> 01:17:38,814
The adopted son of Blackfish,
a 11-year-old Tecumseh
830
01:17:38,852 --> 01:17:41,491
who will soon rise
to lead his people
831
01:17:41,539 --> 01:17:44,098
in the fight to reclaim
the frontier.
832
01:17:48,214 --> 01:17:51,291
One year after the death of Chief Blackfish
833
01:17:51,334 --> 01:17:54,630
the Continental Army begins
to turn the tide of the war.
834
01:18:07,759 --> 01:18:10,787
The success of the settlers
in defending Boonesborough
835
01:18:10,836 --> 01:18:15,208
was just one incident in a long
series of fights and battles.
836
01:18:20,285 --> 01:18:23,362
Eventually, the French
come into the conflict
837
01:18:23,405 --> 01:18:26,960
as the allies of the Americans.
838
01:18:27,002 --> 01:18:29,044
And in many ways, that indeed
839
01:18:29,083 --> 01:18:31,204
was the turning point
in the revolution.
840
01:18:38,357 --> 01:18:41,135
In September, 1783
841
01:18:41,174 --> 01:18:43,823
Britain signs
the Treaty of Paris.
842
01:18:46,028 --> 01:18:48,408
Formally recognizing
the sovereignty
843
01:18:48,455 --> 01:18:50,526
of the United States of America
844
01:18:50,578 --> 01:18:52,401
and ending the war.
845
01:19:03,797 --> 01:19:06,007
People might not realize
this, but the Treaty of Paris
846
01:19:06,051 --> 01:19:09,128
was actually signed
by this new United States
847
01:19:09,171 --> 01:19:12,119
the British Empire
and the French Empire.
848
01:19:14,675 --> 01:19:17,573
France provided troops,
provided navies
849
01:19:17,622 --> 01:19:20,869
and funded
the American Revolution.
850
01:19:20,917 --> 01:19:23,346
Britain figured France
was actually
851
01:19:23,386 --> 01:19:26,593
its bigger enemy
in the long run.
852
01:19:26,636 --> 01:19:30,271
So, Britain surrendered
pretty much all the lands
853
01:19:30,321 --> 01:19:32,880
West of the Appalachians
to the Mississippi River
854
01:19:32,921 --> 01:19:36,556
to make an ally
of the new United States.
855
01:19:42,499 --> 01:19:46,392
The new country
nearly doubles in size
856
01:19:46,443 --> 01:19:50,128
gaining more than 250,000
square miles of land..
857
01:19:53,030 --> 01:19:55,719
...stretching from Florida
to Canada
858
01:19:55,761 --> 01:19:58,539
and from the Atlantic
to the Mississippi.
859
01:20:05,729 --> 01:20:08,637
The big surprise
of the Treaty of Paris
860
01:20:08,677 --> 01:20:11,066
was that the British
conceded control
861
01:20:11,103 --> 01:20:13,702
of the entire
Trans-Appalachian West.
862
01:20:13,747 --> 01:20:16,695
It was an incredible bounty
863
01:20:16,738 --> 01:20:18,600
for the new nation.
864
01:20:26,792 --> 01:20:28,953
Free from British rule
865
01:20:29,002 --> 01:20:31,770
American settlers race
to claim their piece
866
01:20:31,819 --> 01:20:33,861
of the frontier.
867
01:20:33,899 --> 01:20:36,588
Over the next decade
868
01:20:36,630 --> 01:20:39,050
thousands of settlers flood west
869
01:20:39,101 --> 01:20:43,432
along the trails blazed
by men like Daniel Boone
870
01:20:43,477 --> 01:20:46,036
but they will soon learn
a hard lesson.
871
01:21:05,364 --> 01:21:07,007
While the British Army
had surrendered
872
01:21:07,054 --> 01:21:10,390
the native people
in the west never surrendered.
873
01:21:10,435 --> 01:21:13,213
Native Americans
still claim this land
874
01:21:13,252 --> 01:21:15,682
and Tecumseh, now grown
875
01:21:15,722 --> 01:21:18,849
is about to reignite
the fight for the frontier.
876
01:21:36,265 --> 01:21:39,730
Next time on the "Men Who Built
America, Frontiersmen.."
877
01:21:41,639 --> 01:21:45,015
As the new nation pushes
relentlessly west
878
01:21:45,063 --> 01:21:47,702
the frontier becomes
a bloody battleground.
879
01:21:47,750 --> 01:21:51,653
Tecumseh recognizes that
if the natives are to survive
880
01:21:51,694 --> 01:21:54,681
they need to band together.
881
01:21:54,727 --> 01:21:56,769
Surrounded by enemies
882
01:21:56,808 --> 01:21:59,715
Thomas Jefferson
makes a bold move
883
01:21:59,755 --> 01:22:02,006
that could cost him
the presidency.
884
01:22:02,051 --> 01:22:04,392
The Louisiana Purchase
was the greatest
885
01:22:04,435 --> 01:22:07,901
real estate deal
in the history of the world.
886
01:22:07,946 --> 01:22:09,499
He launches
one of the most daring
887
01:22:09,550 --> 01:22:12,627
expeditions in American history.
888
01:22:12,670 --> 01:22:15,229
If you want to get a sense
for how mysterious
889
01:22:15,271 --> 01:22:18,866
the western lands were to the
Lewis and Clark expedition
890
01:22:18,910 --> 01:22:22,466
it was as strange to them
as it would be
891
01:22:22,508 --> 01:22:25,326
for you or me
to step foot on Mars.
892
01:22:27,449 --> 01:22:29,878
Then, as a new generation
893
01:22:29,919 --> 01:22:32,219
of frontiersmen emerges
894
01:22:32,259 --> 01:22:35,854
Andrew Jackson
stares down an empire.
895
01:22:35,900 --> 01:22:37,065
Fire!
67678
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