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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:09,121 --> 00:00:13,440 "Ty jsi m�j stvo�itel, ale j� jsem tv�j p�n..." 2 00:00:13,640 --> 00:00:16,088 - Marry Shelleyov� (1818) 3 00:00:35,979 --> 00:00:38,131 Moment�ln� jsme na pokraji 4 00:00:38,331 --> 00:00:41,816 sv�ta st�le v�ce se zintenziv�uj�c�, 5 00:00:42,016 --> 00:00:45,825 sofistikovan� um�l� inteligence. 6 00:00:46,025 --> 00:00:48,445 Technologie se vyv�j� mnohem rychleji, 7 00:00:48,645 --> 00:00:52,087 ne� je spole�nost schopn� ochr�nit n�s coby ob�any. 8 00:00:52,488 --> 00:00:56,611 Roboti p�ich�zej� a zni�� n� sv�t. 9 00:01:02,801 --> 00:01:04,998 M�te s�ovou inteligenci, kter� na n�s dohl��, 10 00:01:05,198 --> 00:01:09,060 v� o n�s �pln� v�echno a za��n� se n�s pokou�et zm�nit. 11 00:01:09,260 --> 00:01:13,136 Twitter se stal jedni�kou v oblasti sv�tov�ho zpravodajstv�. 12 00:01:13,336 --> 00:01:16,096 Technologie nikdy nen� dobr� nebo �patn�. 13 00:01:16,296 --> 00:01:18,343 Jde o to, co s tou technologi� d�l�me. 14 00:01:20,334 --> 00:01:25,882 Nakonec p�ijdou mili�ny lid� o pr�ci, proto�e jejich schopnosti budou zastaral�. 15 00:01:26,393 --> 00:01:30,070 Masov� nezam�stnanost. V�razn� nerovnopr�vnost. 16 00:01:30,270 --> 00:01:32,272 Dokonce i soci�ln� nepokoje. 17 00:01:32,472 --> 00:01:39,093 A� u� se m�me b�t nebo ne, ta zm�na se bl�� a nikdo ji nezastav�. 18 00:01:45,280 --> 00:01:49,832 Investovali jsme spoustu pen�z, tak�e je logick�, �e vojsko 19 00:01:50,032 --> 00:01:53,928 m� vlastn� po�adavky na vyu�it� t�chto technologi�. 20 00:01:54,317 --> 00:01:58,484 Autonomn� zbra�ov� syst�my povedou k z�vod�m v glob�ln�m zbrojen�, 21 00:01:58,684 --> 00:02:00,781 aby se vyrovnaly nukle�rn� ��e. 22 00:02:03,102 --> 00:02:06,754 V�me jak to skon��, nakonec n�s zabijou. 23 00:02:11,834 --> 00:02:15,796 Tento technologick� pokrok povede k neuv��iteln�m z�zrak�m 24 00:02:16,774 --> 00:02:18,873 a neuv��iteln�m hr�z�m. 25 00:02:25,146 --> 00:02:26,551 Vytvo�ili jsme to... 26 00:02:28,253 --> 00:02:30,220 Tak�e mysl�m, �e jak jde v�voj kup�edu, 27 00:02:30,420 --> 00:02:33,447 bude tato inteligence obsahovat ��st n�s samotn�ch 28 00:02:34,889 --> 00:02:38,561 mysl�m ale, �e ot�zkou je: "Bude obsahovat to dobr� 29 00:02:40,313 --> 00:02:42,101 nebo to zl�?" 30 00:02:47,675 --> 00:02:51,197 V���TE TOMUTO PO��TA�I? 31 00:02:52,480 --> 00:02:57,737 V���TE TOMUTO PO��TA�I? V���M / NEV���M 32 00:02:57,851 --> 00:02:58,543 V���TE TOMUTO PO��TA�I? V���M / NEV���M 33 00:03:05,762 --> 00:03:08,922 P�e�iv�� tu v�lku nazvali "Den z��tov�n�". 34 00:03:09,629 --> 00:03:12,180 �ekli mi, �e se m�m postavit dal�� no�n� m��e. 35 00:03:13,580 --> 00:03:15,574 V�lce proti stroj�m. 36 00:03:16,142 --> 00:03:18,329 Mysl�m, �e jsme to tot�ln� posrali. 37 00:03:19,166 --> 00:03:24,619 Mysl�m, �e Hollywood zvl�dl nao�kovat �irok� ve�ejnosti tuhle my�lenku. 38 00:03:24,819 --> 00:03:28,442 My�lenku stroj�, kter� ovl�dnou sv�t. 39 00:03:29,402 --> 00:03:31,320 Otev�i dve�e hang�ru, Ale. 40 00:03:32,878 --> 00:03:36,652 Promi�, Dave, ob�v�m se, �e to nemohu ud�lat. 41 00:03:38,895 --> 00:03:41,755 - Ale? Ale! - Tolikr�t u� n�s vylekali, 42 00:03:41,955 --> 00:03:43,586 �e to ve�ejnost p�estala �e�it. 43 00:03:43,786 --> 00:03:46,336 Proto�e je to jako sci-fi. I kdy� tu te� sed�me a bav�me se 44 00:03:46,536 --> 00:03:47,664 tak to p�sob� trochu divn�. 45 00:03:47,864 --> 00:03:52,675 Tak trochu jako: "Jo, tohle je n�co z n�jak�ho b��kov�ho filmu." 46 00:03:52,875 --> 00:03:56,712 Whopper mysl� v�t�inu �asu na 3. sv�tovou v�lku. 47 00:03:57,619 --> 00:03:58,769 Ale nen� to tak. 48 00:03:59,930 --> 00:04:02,645 Ve�ejnost se t�m nech� ukol�bat. 49 00:04:12,391 --> 00:04:18,117 Jako spole�nost i jako jedinci jsme ��m d�l v�c obklopeni um�lou inteligenc�. 50 00:04:19,943 --> 00:04:23,547 Kdy� m�me na dlani tohle kapesn� za��zen�, 51 00:04:23,747 --> 00:04:27,407 kter� moment�ln� pou��v�me pro usnadn�n� na�ich rozhodnut�, 52 00:04:27,607 --> 00:04:31,585 za pomoci soustavy rozs�hl�ch algoritm�, kter�m v�bec nerozum�me. 53 00:04:35,550 --> 00:04:38,886 U� n�s nep�ekvapuje my�lenka, �e m��eme mluvit na n� telefon 54 00:04:39,086 --> 00:04:40,969 a on n�m v�t�inou rozum�. 55 00:04:41,169 --> 00:04:43,162 Na�la jsem mno�stv� ak�n�ch film�. 56 00:04:43,362 --> 00:04:45,133 P�ed p�ti lety tohle neexistovalo. 57 00:04:45,713 --> 00:04:49,458 Robotika, stroje, kter� vid�, mluv� a poslouchaj�. 58 00:04:49,658 --> 00:04:51,001 To v�echno je te� re�ln�. 59 00:04:51,206 --> 00:04:55,207 A tyhle technologie z�sadn� zm�n� na�i spole�nost. 60 00:04:57,001 --> 00:05:00,016 Te� tu m�me to skv�l� hnut� samo�iditeln�ch aut. 61 00:05:01,117 --> 00:05:05,317 Moct ��dit autonomn� auto m��e lidem usnadnit �ivoty. 62 00:05:06,892 --> 00:05:08,959 P�i�el jsem o n�kolik �len� m� rodiny, 63 00:05:09,159 --> 00:05:12,560 v�etn� m� matky, bratra, m� �vagrov� a jejich d�t� 64 00:05:12,970 --> 00:05:14,399 kv�li dopravn�m nehod�m. 65 00:05:14,774 --> 00:05:20,232 Je jasn�, �e m��eme t�m�� eliminovat dopravn� nehody d�ky automatizaci. 66 00:05:20,861 --> 00:05:24,652 Ro�n� 30.000 �ivot� jen v USA a t�m�� mili�n po cel�m sv�t�. 67 00:05:26,324 --> 00:05:28,535 Ve zdravotnictv� je v�asn� indikace 68 00:05:28,735 --> 00:05:33,314 to nejz�sadn�j��, tak�e to je dal�� m�sto, kde lze zachr�nit n��� �ivot. 69 00:05:34,456 --> 00:05:36,403 Tady v Centru pro v�zkum rakoviny prsou 70 00:05:36,603 --> 00:05:41,631 to, co ud�l� mozek radiologisty b�hem dvou minut, 71 00:05:41,831 --> 00:05:43,865 dok�e po��ta� okam�it�. 72 00:05:44,547 --> 00:05:47,986 Po��ta� se pod�v� na mili�n mamogram�, 73 00:05:48,186 --> 00:05:52,031 vezme ta data a pou�ije je na tento sn�mek. Okam�it�. 74 00:05:52,450 --> 00:05:55,130 Tak�e l�ka�sk� vyu�it� je z�sadn�. 75 00:05:57,334 --> 00:06:00,479 Dal�� zaj�mav� oblast, ve kter� vid�me velmi v�razn� v�voj, 76 00:06:00,679 --> 00:06:03,849 je skute�n� pochopen� na�eho genetick�ho k�du 77 00:06:04,235 --> 00:06:08,466 a jeho vyu�it� pro diagnostikov�n� nemoci a vytvo�en� individu�ln� l��by. 78 00:06:12,688 --> 00:06:17,289 Prim�rn� pou�it� t�chto stroj� je k roz���en� na�� vlastn� inteligence. 79 00:06:18,202 --> 00:06:22,841 Budeme chyt�ej��, tak�e se n�m snadn�ji budou �e�it probl�my, 80 00:06:23,555 --> 00:06:26,942 nemus�me st�rnout, budeme schopni pochopit st�rnut� a zastavit ho. 81 00:06:27,939 --> 00:06:31,580 Skute�n� nejsou ��dn� hranice toho, co stroje mohou d�lat m�sto lid�. 82 00:06:37,090 --> 00:06:39,942 Jak m��e chyt�ej�� stroj neb�t lep�� stroj? 83 00:06:42,738 --> 00:06:47,634 T�ko p�esn� ��ct, kdy jsem si za�al myslet, �e je to trochu naivn�. 84 00:06:57,599 --> 00:07:01,709 Stuart Russel je prakticky b�h na poli um�l� inteligence. 85 00:07:01,909 --> 00:07:04,637 Napsal knihu, kterou pou��v� t�m�� ka�d� univerzita. 86 00:07:05,188 --> 00:07:07,934 ��k�val jsem, �e je to nejl�pe prod�van� kniha o UI, 87 00:07:08,134 --> 00:07:10,896 te� ��k�m, �e je to nej�ast�ji kraden� PDFko. 88 00:07:14,542 --> 00:07:17,936 Um�l� inteligence je o tom, ud�lat po��ta�e chyt�ej��. 89 00:07:18,136 --> 00:07:21,851 A z pohledu ve�ejnosti je um�l� inteligence n�co, 90 00:07:22,051 --> 00:07:24,823 co je p�ekvapiv� inteligentn� ve srovn�n� s t�m, 91 00:07:25,023 --> 00:07:27,771 co si obvykle mysl�me, �e jsou po��ta�e schopn� d�lat. 92 00:07:29,196 --> 00:07:32,193 UI je prakticky oblast v�zkumu, 93 00:07:32,393 --> 00:07:36,625 kter� se v podstat� sna�� simulovat v�emo�n� lidsk� schopnosti. 94 00:07:37,592 --> 00:07:39,119 Jsme v ��e UI. 95 00:07:39,510 --> 00:07:42,916 Silicon Valley m� schopnost se zam��it na jednu zaj�mavou v�c, 96 00:07:43,116 --> 00:07:46,575 za posledn� desetilet� to byly soci�ln� s�t� a soci�ln� m�dia. 97 00:07:46,775 --> 00:07:48,927 A je jasn�, �e tenhle bit u� se p�epnul. 98 00:07:49,127 --> 00:07:51,403 Za��n� to schopnost� stroj� u�it se. 99 00:07:51,603 --> 00:07:54,710 Kdy� se ohl�dneme zp�tky, co byla prvn� UI? 100 00:07:55,150 --> 00:07:58,161 Nen� to moc sexy a nen� to nic, co uvid�te ve filmech. 101 00:07:58,361 --> 00:08:01,001 Ale nejlep��m p��kladem je Google. 102 00:08:01,201 --> 00:08:03,352 Vytvo�ili nejen vyhled�va�, ale bo�sk� n�stroj. 103 00:08:04,124 --> 00:08:07,368 Zp�sob, jak se lid� mohou zeptat na jakoukoliv ot�zku cht�j�, 104 00:08:07,568 --> 00:08:08,647 a dostat odpov��, kterou pot�ebuj�. 105 00:08:09,167 --> 00:08:12,093 V�t�ina lid� si neuv�domuje, �e to, co d�l� Google, 106 00:08:12,293 --> 00:08:14,476 je vlastn� forma um�l� inteligence. 107 00:08:14,676 --> 00:08:18,329 Jdou tam, n�co tam nap�ou a Google jim d� odpov��. 108 00:08:18,988 --> 00:08:22,087 Ka�d�m hled�n�m ho u��me b�t ��m d�l lep��. 109 00:08:22,287 --> 00:08:27,384 N�kdy p�eme ot�zku a on n�m d� odpov��, ne� tu ot�zku dop�ete. 110 00:08:28,255 --> 00:08:32,191 T�eba: "Kdo je prezident Kazachst�nu?" A on v�m to prost� �ekne. 111 00:08:32,519 --> 00:08:35,336 Nemus�te j�t na Kazachst�nsk� n�rodn� str�nky, abyste to zjistili. 112 00:08:35,536 --> 00:08:37,031 Tohle jsme d��v nemohli. 113 00:08:37,978 --> 00:08:40,042 Tohle je um�l� inteligence. 114 00:08:40,242 --> 00:08:43,503 Roky po tom, co se to te� sna��me pochopit si �ekneme: 115 00:08:43,703 --> 00:08:44,924 "Jak n�m to mohlo uniknout?" 116 00:08:45,488 --> 00:08:49,241 Je to jeden z hlavn�ch rozpor�, kter�m �el�me. 117 00:08:49,441 --> 00:08:52,907 Google a Facebook a dal�� si ud�lali byznys toho, �e n�m dali 118 00:08:53,107 --> 00:08:54,757 obsah nez�visl� na spole�nosti. 119 00:08:54,957 --> 00:08:56,666 Ale je to Faustova dohoda. 120 00:08:56,969 --> 00:09:00,183 Na opl�tku od n�s n�co z�sk�vaj�. 121 00:09:01,165 --> 00:09:05,717 My ale netu��me jak� k�d b�� na druh� stran� a pro� - nem�me pon�t�. 122 00:09:07,423 --> 00:09:11,582 P��mo to nar�� na ot�zku, jak moc m��eme t�mto stroj�m v��it. 123 00:09:14,956 --> 00:09:18,355 Po��ta�em pou��v�m �pln� na v�echno. 124 00:09:18,977 --> 00:09:21,783 Po��ta�e jsou te� tak vysp�l� 125 00:09:21,983 --> 00:09:24,653 a staly se z�sadn� sou��st� na�ich �ivot�. 126 00:09:24,853 --> 00:09:29,330 Je neuv��iteln�, co po��ta�e dok�ou. M��ete m�t po��ta� ve sv� kabelce. 127 00:09:29,926 --> 00:09:31,897 Chci ��ct, �e to je fakt ��asn�. 128 00:09:32,575 --> 00:09:37,850 Mysl�m, �e v�t�ina technologi� je pro to, aby n�m v�em usnadnily �ivot. 129 00:09:38,050 --> 00:09:41,010 Tak�e douf�m, �e to nad�le z�stane hlavn�m c�lem. 130 00:09:41,558 --> 00:09:44,328 Mysl�m, �e v�ichni miluj� sv� po��ta�e. 131 00:09:52,665 --> 00:09:58,213 Lid� si neuv�domuj�, �e neust�le p�ich�zej� do styku se stroji. 132 00:10:00,570 --> 00:10:03,314 A� u� je to cena produkt� ve va�em ko��ku na Amazonu, 133 00:10:03,514 --> 00:10:06,233 nebo vyhled�n� n�jak�ho konkr�tn�ho letu, 134 00:10:06,433 --> 00:10:09,140 nebo rezervace pokoje v n�jak�m hotelu. 135 00:10:09,573 --> 00:10:12,747 To, co vid�te, jsou samostatn� se u��c� strojov� algoritmy, 136 00:10:12,947 --> 00:10:15,015 kter� poznaj�, �e �lov�k jako vy, 137 00:10:15,215 --> 00:10:18,135 je ochotn� d�t o 2 centy v�c a zm�n� v�m cenu. 138 00:10:22,595 --> 00:10:25,972 Po��ta�e dok�ou vn�mat mili�ny lid� simult�nn� 139 00:10:26,172 --> 00:10:28,881 a sledovat u nich drobn� rozd�ly. 140 00:10:29,081 --> 00:10:33,038 M��ete vz�t zd�nliv� nevinn� digit�ln� otisky, jako nap��klad 141 00:10:33,238 --> 00:10:37,791 n��� playlist na Spotify nebo v�ci, co jste koupili na Amazonu. 142 00:10:37,991 --> 00:10:41,183 A pak pou�ijete algoritmy, abyste to p�elo�ili 143 00:10:41,383 --> 00:10:45,072 na velmi detailn� a velmi p�esn� d�v�rn� profil. 144 00:10:48,420 --> 00:10:51,648 O ka�d�m z n�s existuj� tak rozs�hl� z�znamy, 145 00:10:51,848 --> 00:10:56,453 �e by se dalo ��ct, �e o v�s v� v�c, ne� va�e matka. 146 00:11:05,406 --> 00:11:09,004 Hlavn�m d�vodem, pro� za��v� UI takov� boom nen�, �e by 147 00:11:09,204 --> 00:11:12,299 n�kdo m�l n�jak� z�zra�n� vnuknut�, 148 00:11:12,499 --> 00:11:16,052 ale prost� to, �e m�me mnohem v�c dat, ze kter�ch se m��e u�it 149 00:11:16,330 --> 00:11:18,084 a podstatn� lep�� po��ta�e. 150 00:11:19,094 --> 00:11:20,924 Kouzlo je v datech. 151 00:11:21,230 --> 00:11:22,295 Je to spousta dat. 152 00:11:22,495 --> 00:11:24,681 Jsou to data, kter� p�edt�m neexistovala. 153 00:11:24,881 --> 00:11:26,316 Nikdy jsme tato data nem�li. 154 00:11:27,373 --> 00:11:31,183 Vytvo�ili jsme m�dia, kter� n�m umo��uj� zaznamenat 155 00:11:31,383 --> 00:11:33,221 obrovsk� mno�stv� informac�. 156 00:11:33,961 --> 00:11:37,715 Kdy� si uv�dom�te miliardu telefon� na sv�t� s gyroskopy, 157 00:11:37,915 --> 00:11:40,627 akcelerometry, �te�kami otisk�, 158 00:11:40,827 --> 00:11:43,103 d�te to dohromady GPSkami a fotkami, kter� fot�te 159 00:11:43,303 --> 00:11:44,629 a tweety, kter� pos�l�te... 160 00:11:44,829 --> 00:11:48,076 V�ichni p�isp�v�me obrovsk�m mno�stv�m individu�ln�ch dat. 161 00:11:48,629 --> 00:11:52,682 Auta, kter� se sama ��d�, zat�mco kamery vst�eb�vaj� informace o okol�, 162 00:11:52,882 --> 00:11:55,487 satelity o velikosti toasteru, kter� jsou te� na orbitu, 163 00:11:55,687 --> 00:11:58,410 infrasn�mky v�eho �iv�ho na planet�, 164 00:11:58,610 --> 00:12:01,675 b�jky, kter� jsou na mo�i a k ur�ov�n� klimatick�ch zm�n. 165 00:12:05,748 --> 00:12:11,982 A NSA se CIA, kter� sb�raj� informace o geopolitick� situaci. 166 00:12:13,317 --> 00:12:16,287 Dne�n� sv�t doslova plave v t�chto datech. 167 00:12:21,524 --> 00:12:27,347 Kdysi - v roce 2012 - IBM odhadla, �e pr�m�rn� �lov�k zanech�v� 168 00:12:27,547 --> 00:12:31,768 500 MB digit�ln�ch otisk� denn�. 169 00:12:31,968 --> 00:12:37,225 Pokud byste cht�li zaz�lohovat data, kter� lidstvo vytvo�� za jedin� den, 170 00:12:37,425 --> 00:12:42,647 a vytiskli byste to na klasick� A4 oboustrann�, 12pt p�smem, 171 00:12:42,847 --> 00:12:49,524 a naskl�dali byste je na sebe, tak by dos�hly 4x ze Zem� a� ke Slunci. 172 00:12:50,197 --> 00:12:51,272 A to ka�d� den. 173 00:12:52,144 --> 00:12:56,311 Samotn� data nejsou dobr� ani zl�. Jde o to, jak se pou�ij�. 174 00:12:56,511 --> 00:12:59,248 Jsme naprosto z�visl� jen na dobr� v�li t�chto lid� 175 00:12:59,448 --> 00:13:01,862 a na politice t�chto spole�nost�. 176 00:13:02,062 --> 00:13:06,835 Neexistuje ��dn� z�kon o tom, jak mohou a mus� nakl�dat s t�mito daty. 177 00:13:07,217 --> 00:13:09,841 Tohle je pro m� hlavn� k�men �razu. 178 00:13:12,090 --> 00:13:16,039 Moment�ln� prob�h� z�vod�n� v tom, vytvo�it stroje s inteligenc� lid�. 179 00:13:16,576 --> 00:13:20,792 Google pracuje na n��em, co je Manhattan Project um�l� inteligence. 180 00:13:20,992 --> 00:13:23,379 Maj� nejv�c pen�z a nejv�c talent�. 181 00:13:23,579 --> 00:13:26,366 Skupuj� UI spole�nosti a robotick� spole�nosti. 182 00:13:28,026 --> 00:13:31,548 Lid� po��d vn�maj� Google jako vyhled�va� a poskytovatele e-mailu 183 00:13:31,748 --> 00:13:34,324 a spousty dal��ch v�c�, kter� b�n� pou��v�me. 184 00:13:34,846 --> 00:13:39,994 Ale za t�m vyhled�va�em je 10 mili�n� server�. 185 00:13:40,194 --> 00:13:44,360 To d�l� z Googlu nejv�konn�j�� v�po�etn� platformu sv�ta. 186 00:13:44,782 --> 00:13:50,596 Google te� vyv�j� UI v�po�etn� platformu, kter� bude m�t sto mili�n� server�. 187 00:13:53,025 --> 00:13:57,283 Tak�e kdy� pracujete s Googlem, tak vid�te jen mal� kousek z n��eho, 188 00:13:57,483 --> 00:13:59,688 co je obrovsk� vznikaj�c� potvora. 189 00:13:59,888 --> 00:14:03,629 A pravdou je, �e si nejsem jist�, �e s�m Google v�, co z toho bude. 190 00:14:12,245 --> 00:14:15,798 Kdy� se pod�v�te, jak� algoritmy se pou��vaj� v Googlu, 191 00:14:15,998 --> 00:14:19,039 je to hlavn� technologie z 80. let. 192 00:14:20,997 --> 00:14:25,700 Jsou to modely, kter�m uk�ete za prv�, za druh�, za t�et� 193 00:14:25,900 --> 00:14:28,170 a ony se nenau�� co je za prv� nebo za druh�, 194 00:14:28,370 --> 00:14:30,776 nau�� se, jak� je rozd�l mezi za prv� a za druh�. 195 00:14:31,188 --> 00:14:32,331 Je to jen v�po�et. 196 00:14:33,309 --> 00:14:36,269 Za posledn� desetilet�, kdy do�lo k tomuto rapidn�mu pokroku, 197 00:14:36,469 --> 00:14:38,281 to v�echno bylo d�ky rozpozn�v�n� vzorc�. 198 00:14:39,180 --> 00:14:41,564 V�t�ina p�vodn� UI 199 00:14:41,764 --> 00:14:47,200 spo��vala v tom, �e jsme na�e po��ta�e nau�ili hr�t t�eba �achy. 200 00:14:47,604 --> 00:14:51,718 P�vodn� paradigma bylo v tom, �e jste �ekli po��ta�i, co m� ud�lat. 201 00:14:55,289 --> 00:15:00,081 Tohle je Riskuj! 202 00:15:00,281 --> 00:15:02,790 V�zva pro IBM 203 00:15:03,881 --> 00:15:08,108 Nikdo si tenkr�t nemyslel, �e by stroj mohl m�t schopnost 204 00:15:08,308 --> 00:15:10,202 a jistotu a rychlost, 205 00:15:10,402 --> 00:15:12,534 aby mohl hr�t Riskuj! s nejlep��mi �ampiony. 206 00:15:12,734 --> 00:15:14,153 Zahrajeme si Riskuj! 207 00:15:16,216 --> 00:15:19,483 Slovo na 7 p�smen pro �elezo kter� nos� na nohou k��. 208 00:15:19,839 --> 00:15:20,940 - Watsone? - Podkova? 209 00:15:21,140 --> 00:15:25,678 - Spr�vn� - m��e� vybrat dal��. - Liter�rn� postavy APB za 800. 210 00:15:25,878 --> 00:15:27,928 A m�me tu dne�n� ot�zku za dvojn�sobek. 211 00:15:29,019 --> 00:15:32,062 Watson z�sk�val sv� znalosti z prohled�v�n� Wikipedie. 212 00:15:32,262 --> 00:15:35,466 200 mili�n� str�nek dokument� v p�irozen�m jazyce. 213 00:15:35,666 --> 00:15:38,920 Kdy� dok�ete naprogramovat ka�d� ��dek toho, jak funguje sv�t, 214 00:15:39,120 --> 00:15:41,420 program se to mus� nau�it �ten�m. 215 00:15:41,620 --> 00:15:44,455 Te� zp�tky k Watsonovi. "Kdo je Bram Stroker?" 216 00:15:46,225 --> 00:15:51,931 A s�zka? P�ni - 17.973 dolar�. Tak�e 41.413 dolar�. 217 00:15:52,131 --> 00:15:54,369 A spolu s p�edchoz� v�hrou 77.147 dolar�... 218 00:15:54,488 --> 00:15:57,194 Watson se u�il na obrovsk�m mno�stv� text�. 219 00:15:57,394 --> 00:16:00,457 Ale ne�lo o to, aby pochopil, co se v nich p�e. 220 00:16:00,657 --> 00:16:03,425 Nev�, �e voda namo�� v�ci, kdy� se j� dotknou. 221 00:16:03,625 --> 00:16:06,605 A nevid� sv�t se chovat tak, jako ho vid�te vy nebo j�. 222 00:16:06,805 --> 00:16:11,034 Hodn� jazyk� pro UI nen� o tom, vytvo�it logick� modely toho, 223 00:16:11,234 --> 00:16:18,432 jak slova funguj�, ale sp� o tom, jak se slova jev� v kontextu jin�ch slov. 224 00:16:18,632 --> 00:16:21,291 David Ferruci z IBM vyvinul Watsona 225 00:16:21,491 --> 00:16:24,189 a n�kdo se ho zeptal: "P�em��l� Watson?" 226 00:16:24,389 --> 00:16:26,198 a on odpov�d�l: "Plave ponorka?" 227 00:16:27,977 --> 00:16:29,994 a co t�m myslel bylo, �e kdy� vyv�jeli ponorky, 228 00:16:30,194 --> 00:16:33,144 tak okop�rovali zp�sob, jak�m plavou ryby, 229 00:16:33,344 --> 00:16:36,239 ale ponorka pluje rychleji a dopluje d�l, ne� ryby 230 00:16:36,439 --> 00:16:38,164 a s mnohem v�t��m n�kladem, ne� ryby. 231 00:16:40,731 --> 00:16:46,266 To, �e Watson vyhr�l Riskuj! se zap�e do d�jin, jako v�razn� miln�k UI. 232 00:16:47,380 --> 00:16:50,162 V�t�inou jsme p�ekvapeni, kdy� m� stroj takov� �sp�ch. 233 00:16:50,362 --> 00:16:53,253 Co m� p�ekvapuje je�t� v�c je, �e stroj poraz� �lov�ka v n��em, 234 00:16:53,453 --> 00:16:55,563 co je �lov�ku p�irozen�. 235 00:16:55,763 --> 00:16:57,538 Tohle je pokrok. 236 00:16:58,774 --> 00:17:02,249 V ran�ch po��tc�ch projektu Google Brain jsem dal t�mu 237 00:17:02,449 --> 00:17:06,663 jednoduch� pokyn, co� bylo postavit co nejv�t�� neur�ln� s�. 238 00:17:06,863 --> 00:17:08,527 Jako tis�c po��ta��. 239 00:17:08,727 --> 00:17:12,396 Va�e s� je n�co podobn�ho jako simulace fungov�n� mozku. 240 00:17:13,098 --> 00:17:16,928 Je to velmi pravd�podobnostn�, ale s kontextov�mi souvislostmi. 241 00:17:17,728 --> 00:17:21,102 Ve va�em mozku m�te dlouh� neurony, spojen� s tis�covkami dal��ch neuron� 242 00:17:21,302 --> 00:17:25,225 a m�te trasy, kter� se formuj� a utv��ej� podle toho, co mozek pot�ebuje ud�lat. 243 00:17:25,655 --> 00:17:29,038 Kdy� d�t� n�co zkus� a usp�je, je za to odm�na. 244 00:17:29,589 --> 00:17:32,898 A trasa, kter� zp�sobila ten �sp�ch se pos�l�. 245 00:17:33,098 --> 00:17:36,743 Pokud v n��em sel�e, tak se tato trasa oslab� a tak se �asem mozek 246 00:17:36,943 --> 00:17:39,482 zdokonaluje ve sv�m okoln�m prost�ed�. 247 00:17:41,265 --> 00:17:43,842 Opravdu se zabij�ck� stroje dok�ou samy u�it? 248 00:17:44,042 --> 00:17:48,366 ��k� se tomu hlubok� u�en� a hlubok� u�en� a neur�ln� s� znamen� zhruba tot�. 249 00:17:49,525 --> 00:17:55,591 Hlubok� u�en� je naprosto nov� p��stup, kde se po��ta� u�� sp� jako batole. 250 00:17:56,107 --> 00:18:00,361 Jen t�m, �e z�sk�v� spoustu informac� a pak mu najednou za�nou v�ci doch�zet. 251 00:18:01,074 --> 00:18:05,736 Po��ta�e se st�vaj� st�le chyt�ej��mi, jak z�sk�vaj� dal�� zku�enosti. 252 00:18:07,160 --> 00:18:10,208 Zkuste si p�edstavit neur�ln� s� jako tis�c po��ta��, 253 00:18:10,408 --> 00:18:14,693 kter� se probud� a nic nev� a my je nech�me sledovat t�den YouTube. 254 00:18:37,794 --> 00:18:40,626 A po t�dnu sledov�n� YouTube, co se asi tak nau��? 255 00:18:40,826 --> 00:18:45,354 M�li jsme teorii, �e se nau�� rozpozn�vat b�n� se vyskytuj�c� objekty ve vide�ch. 256 00:18:45,554 --> 00:18:48,762 A v�me, �e ve vide�ch se hodn� vyskytuj� lidsk� obli�eje, 257 00:18:48,962 --> 00:18:50,046 tak jsme se pod�vali a sv�t� div se, 258 00:18:50,246 --> 00:18:52,763 byl tam neuron na detekci lidsk�ch obli�ej�. 259 00:18:53,135 --> 00:18:55,749 Nechte Britney na pokoji! 260 00:18:56,957 --> 00:18:59,471 Co se je�t� hodn� vyskytuje ve vide�ch? 261 00:19:01,406 --> 00:19:02,533 Tak�e jsme se pod�vali a p�ekv�pko! 262 00:19:02,853 --> 00:19:05,768 Skute�n� tam byl neuron, kter� se nau�il rozpoznat ko�ky. 263 00:19:15,821 --> 00:19:17,872 Tohle je vn�m�n� metodou "uvid� a zapamatuje� si". 264 00:19:18,072 --> 00:19:20,303 P�ni - t�mhle je ko�ka. Dobr�. Bezva. Skv�l�. 265 00:19:24,455 --> 00:19:26,934 Je to docela ne�kodn�, kdy� p�em��l�te nad budoucnost�, 266 00:19:27,134 --> 00:19:29,203 v�echno se to zd� b�t mil� a ne�kodn�. 267 00:19:30,530 --> 00:19:35,791 D�l�me ale architektury, kter� polet� rychleji a d�l a ponesou v�t�� n�klad. 268 00:19:35,991 --> 00:19:37,296 A ty nebudou p��jemn� a roztomil�. 269 00:19:38,278 --> 00:19:42,032 Mysl�m, �e za 3-5 let uvid�me po��ta�ov� syst�m, 270 00:19:42,487 --> 00:19:45,485 kter� bude schopen se samostatn� nau�it, 271 00:19:45,699 --> 00:19:49,169 jak ch�pat - jak utv��et v�dom�, 272 00:19:50,025 --> 00:19:51,894 ne nepodobn� tomu lidsk�mu. 273 00:19:55,035 --> 00:19:57,773 A� u� ten ob�d byl cokoliv, tak to bylo v�born�. 274 00:19:58,456 --> 00:20:00,879 Prost� n�jak� Robbieho syntetika. 275 00:20:01,079 --> 00:20:05,018 S�m to uva�il, dokonce si vyrobil suroviny. 276 00:20:05,218 --> 00:20:06,818 Poj� sem, Robbie. 277 00:20:07,717 --> 00:20:10,345 Uk�u v�m, jak to funguje. 278 00:20:11,852 --> 00:20:15,700 D�te mu vzorek n�jak�ho lidsk�ho j�dla t�mto otvorem, 279 00:20:15,900 --> 00:20:18,987 a tady je mal� chemick� laborato�, 280 00:20:19,187 --> 00:20:22,134 kde si to zanalyzuje, aby pozd�ji mohl reprodukovat identick� molekuly 281 00:20:22,334 --> 00:20:23,916 jak�hokoliv tvaru nebo mno�stv�. 282 00:20:24,116 --> 00:20:25,449 To je zaj�mav�. 283 00:20:26,654 --> 00:20:30,145 Seznamte se s Baxterem, novou revolu�n� kategori� robot�, 284 00:20:30,345 --> 00:20:31,440 s vlastn�m rozumem. 285 00:20:32,339 --> 00:20:36,558 Baxter je skv�l�m p��padem toho, jak� konkurenci stroj� �el�me. 286 00:20:38,248 --> 00:20:41,827 Baxter zvl�dne t�m�� tot�, co my pomoc� na�ich rukou. 287 00:20:43,480 --> 00:20:47,695 Baxter stoj� to, co si vyd�l� zam�stnanec s minim�ln� mzdou za rok. 288 00:20:48,260 --> 00:20:52,161 Baxter ale nezastane pr�ci jednoho d�ln�ka za minim�ln� mzdu, ale t��, 289 00:20:52,361 --> 00:20:54,821 proto�e se nikdy neunav�, nikdy nepot�ebuje p�est�vku. 290 00:20:56,370 --> 00:20:58,334 To je asi prvn� v�c, kterou byste �ekli. 291 00:20:58,534 --> 00:21:03,644 Nahrazen� pracovn�ch pozic. Budou je d�lat rychleji a levn�ji stroje. 292 00:21:05,499 --> 00:21:08,501 Na�e schopnost, udr�et alespo� krok je velmi limitovan� v pom�ru 293 00:21:08,752 --> 00:21:09,999 se stroji, kter� jsme postavili. 294 00:21:11,053 --> 00:21:14,371 Nap��klad te� m�me ta obrovsk� hnut� kolem Uberu a Lyftu, 295 00:21:14,571 --> 00:21:18,175 kter� zlev�uj� a rozvol�uj� p�epravu, co� je skv�l�. 296 00:21:18,849 --> 00:21:21,513 Dal��m krokem budou automobily bez �idi�e. 297 00:21:21,762 --> 00:21:24,530 A pak si v�ichni �idi�i Uberu a Lyftu budou muset naj�t n�co jin�ho. 298 00:21:26,753 --> 00:21:31,825 V USA jsou 4 mili�ny �idi�� z povol�n�, kte�� budou brzy nezam�stnan�. 299 00:21:32,443 --> 00:21:36,256 7 mili�n� lid�, kte�� zad�vaj� data. Tito lid� budou bez pr�ce. 300 00:21:38,154 --> 00:21:41,111 Pr�ce nen� jenom o vyd�l�v�n� pen�z, v�te? 301 00:21:41,319 --> 00:21:43,710 M� to sv�j smysl na biologick� �rovni. 302 00:21:44,317 --> 00:21:45,865 St�v� se z toho ur�uj�c� v�c. 303 00:21:46,329 --> 00:21:49,057 Kdy� nebyla pr�ce v jak�koliv dosavadn� civilizaci, 304 00:21:49,257 --> 00:21:51,386 netrvalo dlouho, ne� do�lo k n�sil�. 305 00:22:00,985 --> 00:22:03,102 �el�me tu velk�mu rozd�lu mezi bohat�mi a chud�mi, 306 00:22:03,302 --> 00:22:05,800 proto�e k tomuhle p�esn� automatizace a UI povedou. 307 00:22:06,000 --> 00:22:07,924 K v�t�� propasti mezi majetn�mi a nemajetn�mi. 308 00:22:09,317 --> 00:22:12,950 Moment�ln� jde hlavn� o st�edn� t��du a o ��edni�inu. 309 00:22:13,631 --> 00:22:18,566 Watson od IBM d�l� obchodn� anal�zy, za kter� jsme plat�vali analytik�m 310 00:22:18,766 --> 00:22:20,011 300 dolar� za hodinu. 311 00:22:21,413 --> 00:22:25,669 Pokud v�s dnes p�ijmou na vysokou na obor ��etn� nebo �urnalista, 312 00:22:25,869 --> 00:22:29,571 tak nen� v�bec jist�, �e pro v�s bude pr�ce. 313 00:22:30,174 --> 00:22:34,957 Pokud n�kdo pl�nuje 40 let kari�ry v radiologii jen prohl�en�m sn�mk�, 314 00:22:35,157 --> 00:22:38,222 tak mysl�m, �e to by mohla b�t v�zva pro dne�n� nov� po��ta�e. 315 00:22:57,369 --> 00:22:59,447 Dnes budeme operovat pomoc� robota. 316 00:23:00,625 --> 00:23:07,602 Robot DaVinci je moment�ln� vyu��v�n �adou chirurg� kv�li sv� p�esnosti 317 00:23:07,802 --> 00:23:13,304 a sv� schopnosti eliminovat nevyhnuteln� chv�n� lidsk� ruky. 318 00:23:24,216 --> 00:23:27,692 Kdokoliv se na to d�v�, vn�m�, jak ��asn� to je. 319 00:23:31,845 --> 00:23:37,596 Kdy� se pod�v�te do lebky a vid�te, jak jeho rameno dr�� ��st mozku, 320 00:23:37,796 --> 00:23:41,901 tak v tu chv�li lidstvo spo��v� v rukou tohoto robota. 321 00:23:43,444 --> 00:23:46,758 Lid� ��kaj�, �e tohle je budoucnost, ale nen� to budoucnost. 322 00:23:47,778 --> 00:23:48,864 Je to p��tomnost. 323 00:23:51,267 --> 00:23:53,016 Pokud uva�ujete o chirurgick�m robotovi, 324 00:23:53,216 --> 00:23:55,709 tak tyhle v�ci neb�vaj� moc inteligentn�. 325 00:23:55,909 --> 00:23:59,140 Postupem �asu ale jak d�v�me do syst�mu ��m d�l v�c v�domost�, 326 00:23:59,340 --> 00:24:03,235 jsou roboti schopni se ka�d�m robotick�m z�krokem u�it. 327 00:24:03,435 --> 00:24:06,731 Sleduj� pohyb a ch�pou, co fungovalo a co ne. 328 00:24:06,931 --> 00:24:09,681 A nakonec bude robot pro rutinn� operace 329 00:24:09,881 --> 00:24:14,597 schopn� prov�d�t ty operace s�m nebo s lidsk�m dohledem. 330 00:24:15,450 --> 00:24:19,247 Norm�ln� d�l�m, �ekn�me kolem 150 hysterektomi� 331 00:24:19,677 --> 00:24:23,620 a nyn� je v�t�ina z nich prov�d�na roboticky. 332 00:24:24,192 --> 00:24:26,856 J� d�l�m v�t�inou jednu klasickou operaci do roka. 333 00:24:27,056 --> 00:24:30,940 A jestli je mi to nep��jemn�? Jist�, �e ano. 334 00:24:31,140 --> 00:24:33,276 Proto�e u� si nepamatuji, jak otev��t pacienta. 335 00:24:36,019 --> 00:24:38,361 Zd� se, �e to krm�me a �e jsme to stvo�ili, 336 00:24:38,561 --> 00:24:43,100 ale sv�m zp�sobem jsme otroci t� technologie, 337 00:24:43,727 --> 00:24:45,933 proto�e se nedok�eme vr�tit. 338 00:24:51,177 --> 00:24:55,615 Stroje si ��m d�l v�ce ukusuj� z na�ich schopnost� 339 00:24:55,815 --> 00:24:59,065 ��m d�l vy��� rychlost�, tak�e my mus�me fungovat 340 00:24:59,265 --> 00:25:01,705 ��m d�l rychleji, abychom m�li p�ed stroji n�skok. 341 00:25:03,650 --> 00:25:04,447 Jak vypad�m? 342 00:25:05,488 --> 00:25:06,142 Dob�e. 343 00:25:10,882 --> 00:25:12,398 L�b�m se ti? 344 00:25:12,598 --> 00:25:14,606 - Co�e? - Jestli se ti l�b�m. 345 00:25:15,124 --> 00:25:16,994 Vykazuje� projevy toho, �e ano. 346 00:25:18,978 --> 00:25:20,338 - Opravdu? - Ano. 347 00:25:21,509 --> 00:25:23,155 Tohle je budoucnost, ke kter� sm��ujeme. 348 00:25:23,639 --> 00:25:26,872 Chceme si vytvo�it sv� partnery. 349 00:25:27,343 --> 00:25:29,690 Cht�li bychom na robotech vid�t lidsk� obli�ej. 350 00:25:29,971 --> 00:25:34,608 Proto bude d�siv� snadn� zahr�vat si s na�imi emocemi. 351 00:25:35,064 --> 00:25:36,286 Nejsme tak komplikovan�. 352 00:25:36,667 --> 00:25:38,633 Prost� reagujeme na podn�ty. 353 00:25:38,890 --> 00:25:41,729 M��u ovlivnit v� vztah ke m� jen t�m, �e se na v�s budu usm�vat. 354 00:25:43,774 --> 00:25:46,623 UI s n�mi bude moct fantasticky manipulovat. 355 00:25:55,532 --> 00:26:00,488 Tak�e jste vyvinuli technologii, kter� vyc�t� lidsk� pocity? 356 00:26:00,688 --> 00:26:04,191 P�esn� tak. Vyvinuli jsme technologii, kter� p�e�te v�raz va�� tv��e 357 00:26:04,391 --> 00:26:06,899 a p�i�ad� ho k n�kter�mu emo�n�mu stavu. 358 00:26:07,441 --> 00:26:11,140 P�ed patn�cti lety, kdy� jsem pr�v� dokon�ila vysoko�kolsk� studium 359 00:26:11,340 --> 00:26:15,481 v�po�etn� techniky a p�ekvapilo m�, �e jsem tr�vila spoustu �asu 360 00:26:15,681 --> 00:26:18,431 prac� s m�m notebookem a za��zen�mi 361 00:26:18,631 --> 00:26:22,768 a p�esto ta za��zen� nem�la ani pon�t� o tom, jak se c�t�m. 362 00:26:24,416 --> 00:26:25,542 Za�ala jsem p�em��let. 363 00:26:25,742 --> 00:26:29,919 Co kdyby to za��zen� dovedlo poznat, �e jsem ve stresu nebo m�m �patn� den. 364 00:26:30,119 --> 00:26:31,765 Co by to otev�elo? 365 00:26:33,375 --> 00:26:36,390 Ahoj prv���kov�, jak se m�te? 366 00:26:36,590 --> 00:26:37,690 Obejme� m�? 367 00:26:38,794 --> 00:26:41,146 Nech�vali jsme d�ti interagovat s tou technologi�. 368 00:26:41,346 --> 00:26:45,222 Hodn� je toho je�t� ve v�voji, ale bylo to prost� ��asn�. 369 00:26:45,479 --> 00:26:47,610 - Kdo m� r�d roboty? - J�! J�! J�! 370 00:26:47,810 --> 00:26:50,567 Kdo byste cht�li m�t doma robota? - J�! J�! J�! 371 00:26:50,767 --> 00:26:52,211 Na co byste toho robota pou��vali? 372 00:26:52,411 --> 00:26:57,129 J� bych ho nechal, aby se ptal m�my na t�k� ot�zky z matematiky. 373 00:26:57,329 --> 00:26:59,004 Dobr�. A co ty? 374 00:26:59,204 --> 00:27:02,799 J� bych s n�m stra�il lidi. 375 00:27:02,999 --> 00:27:05,069 Tak jo - zkuste se pro za��tek usm�t. 376 00:27:06,271 --> 00:27:08,704 Dob�e. Te� se zamra�. 377 00:27:09,726 --> 00:27:11,744 P�kn�. Te� zvedni obo��. 378 00:27:11,944 --> 00:27:12,943 Tahle generace... 379 00:27:13,143 --> 00:27:15,325 Technologie je obklopuj� �pln� v�ude. 380 00:27:16,295 --> 00:27:18,736 Je to v podstat� jako by �ekali, �e budou m�t doma roboty 381 00:27:18,936 --> 00:27:21,863 a o�ek�vaj�, �e ti roboti budou spole�en�t�. 382 00:27:23,103 --> 00:27:25,082 Co d�l� robota chytr�m? 383 00:27:26,340 --> 00:27:29,823 Kdy� je d�te t�eba do hodiny matematiky nebo biologie. 384 00:27:30,590 --> 00:27:32,967 Mysl�m, �e byste je museli vycvi�it. 385 00:27:33,167 --> 00:27:35,265 Tak jo - poj�te za mnou. 386 00:27:36,180 --> 00:27:40,062 Te� kdy� se zasm�jete a zvednete obo��, tak pojede za v�mi. 387 00:27:44,070 --> 00:27:46,304 Pokud se ale zamra��te, tak pojede pry�. 388 00:27:50,160 --> 00:27:53,595 Tr�nujeme po��ta�e, aby �etly a rozpoznaly emoce. 389 00:27:56,401 --> 00:27:58,290 A dosavadn� odezva je opravdu ��asn�. 390 00:27:58,290 --> 00:28:00,500 Lid� to integruj� do zdravotnick�ch aplikac�, 391 00:28:00,500 --> 00:28:04,383 medita�n�ch aplikac�, robot�, aut. 392 00:28:05,560 --> 00:28:07,333 Uvid�me, jak se to roz����. 393 00:28:10,370 --> 00:28:12,460 Roboti mohou m�t v sob� UI, 394 00:28:12,460 --> 00:28:15,280 ale robot je fyzick� instance, 395 00:28:15,280 --> 00:28:17,710 zat�mco um�l� inteligence je mozek. 396 00:28:17,710 --> 00:28:20,940 Tak�e mozky mohou existovat v �ist� softwarov�ch syst�mech. 397 00:28:20,940 --> 00:28:23,410 Nemus� m�t fyzickou formu. 398 00:28:23,410 --> 00:28:26,090 Roboti mohou existovat bez jak�koliv UI. 399 00:28:26,090 --> 00:28:28,110 M�me spoustu hloup�ch robot�, 400 00:28:29,060 --> 00:28:32,650 ale i z hloup�ho robota se m��e p�es noc st�t chytr�, 401 00:28:32,650 --> 00:28:35,173 kdy� mu d�te spr�vn� software a spr�vn� senzory. 402 00:28:36,300 --> 00:28:39,560 Po��d m�me pot�ebu vdechovat �ivot ne�iv�m v�cem. 403 00:28:39,560 --> 00:28:41,240 D�l�me to se stroji. 404 00:28:41,240 --> 00:28:42,450 Chov�me se k nim jako k d�tem. 405 00:28:42,450 --> 00:28:44,050 Bereme je jako n�hra�ky 406 00:28:46,490 --> 00:28:48,373 a jednou za to zaplat�me. 407 00:29:09,667 --> 00:29:11,213 V�tejte v ATR. 408 00:29:20,122 --> 00:29:25,875 M�m c�lem je m�t v�ce lidsk�ho robota, kter� m� lidskou mysl a touhy. 409 00:29:37,199 --> 00:29:39,614 Ten robot se jmenuje Erica. 410 00:29:40,931 --> 00:29:45,428 Erica je mysl�m nejvysp�lej�� humanoidn� robot na sv�t�. 411 00:29:45,831 --> 00:29:48,665 Erica v�m dok�e z�rat do tv��e. 412 00:29:52,673 --> 00:29:54,059 Dobr� den. 413 00:29:55,563 --> 00:29:58,776 Roboti mohou b�t velmi dobr�mi konverza�n�mi partnery, 414 00:29:58,976 --> 00:30:03,394 obzvl�t� pro seniory, mal� d�ti nebo handicapovan� lidi... 415 00:30:04,397 --> 00:30:08,918 Kdy� mluv�me s robotem, nevn�m�me spole�ensk� bari�ry nebo tlak spole�nosti. 416 00:30:10,261 --> 00:30:17,186 Nakonec v�ichni p�ijmou androidy jako na�e p��tele, na�e partnery. 417 00:30:17,940 --> 00:30:20,161 Implementovali jsme j� jednoduchou touhu. 418 00:30:20,361 --> 00:30:24,745 Chce b�t uzn�van� a chce riskovat. 419 00:30:30,260 --> 00:30:36,943 Pokud m� robot vlastn� touhy, dok�e pochopit touhy druh�ch lid�. 420 00:30:37,143 --> 00:30:39,071 Co m� r�da za zv��ata? 421 00:30:39,271 --> 00:30:44,090 M�m r�da psy shiba-inu. Jsou roztomil�, ne? 422 00:30:45,190 --> 00:30:47,846 To umo��uje v�elej�� reakce na lidi, 423 00:30:48,046 --> 00:30:50,504 co� znamen�, �e by se mohli m�t vz�jemn� r�di... 424 00:30:50,704 --> 00:30:54,414 To znamen�... Co j� v�m? T�eba se i milovat? 425 00:30:57,950 --> 00:30:59,750 Vytv���me um�lou inteligenci 426 00:30:59,750 --> 00:31:02,300 a prvn� v�c, kterou chceme ud�lat je aby n�s napodobila. 427 00:31:03,930 --> 00:31:06,610 Mysl�m, �e kl��ov� bod p�ijde ve chv�li, 428 00:31:06,610 --> 00:31:09,163 kdy budou napodobeny v�echny z�kladn� smysly. 429 00:31:10,230 --> 00:31:11,063 Zrak, 430 00:31:12,060 --> 00:31:12,893 hmat, 431 00:31:13,990 --> 00:31:14,886 �ich. 432 00:31:15,580 --> 00:31:18,565 Tak�e �iv� to bude, a� replikujeme v�echny na�e smysly? 433 00:31:28,580 --> 00:31:31,890 Vyr�b�me tolik stroj�, kter� by n�s m�ly ch�pat, 434 00:31:33,760 --> 00:31:35,760 ale co se stane, a� n�jak� antropomorfn� bytost 435 00:31:35,760 --> 00:31:38,410 zjist�, �e m��e zm�nit svou loajalitu, 436 00:31:38,410 --> 00:31:41,010 zm�nit svou odvahu, zm�nit svou lakomost, 437 00:31:41,010 --> 00:31:42,563 zm�nit svou mazanost? 438 00:31:46,060 --> 00:31:48,390 Pr�m�rn� �lov�k nevid� zabij�ck� roboty 439 00:31:48,390 --> 00:31:49,164 chodit po ulic�ch. 440 00:31:49,470 --> 00:31:50,751 �eknete si: "O �em to tu mluv�?" 441 00:31:51,930 --> 00:31:53,711 No, my se jenom chceme ujistit, 442 00:31:54,160 --> 00:31:55,785 �e po ulic�ch nebudou chodit zabij��t� roboti. 443 00:31:58,000 --> 00:32:00,500 Jakmile budou chodit po ulic�ch, tak u� je pozd�. 444 00:32:06,180 --> 00:32:08,569 Co n�m moment�ln� d�l� nejv�t�� starosti, 445 00:32:08,769 --> 00:32:12,667 a co m� dr�� ve st�ehu, je v�voj autonomn�ch zbran�. 446 00:32:29,045 --> 00:32:31,510 Dosud byli lid� znepokojeni 447 00:32:31,510 --> 00:32:35,818 ohledn� dron�, co� jsou vzd�len� pilotovan� letouny. 448 00:32:40,879 --> 00:32:44,400 Pokud vezmete kameru dronu, p�ipoj�te ji k UI syst�mu, 449 00:32:44,400 --> 00:32:47,550 tak je velmi snadn� ud�lat krok odsud k pln� 450 00:32:47,550 --> 00:32:49,770 automatizovan�m zbran�m, kter� si vyb�raj� vlastn� c�le 451 00:32:49,770 --> 00:32:51,320 a odpaluj� sv� vlastn� rakety. 452 00:33:13,630 --> 00:33:16,070 P�edpokl�dan� doba p�e�it� lidsk�ch bytost� 453 00:33:16,070 --> 00:33:17,610 v takov�mto bojov�m prost�ed� 454 00:33:17,610 --> 00:33:18,760 by se po��tala na sekundy. 455 00:33:21,600 --> 00:33:24,680 V jednu chv�li byly drony sci-fi 456 00:33:24,680 --> 00:33:28,263 a dnes jsou b�nou v�c� ve v�lk�ch. 457 00:33:29,810 --> 00:33:34,400 Jen v americk� arm�d� je jich 10 tis�c 458 00:33:34,400 --> 00:33:36,340 ale nejde jen o americk� fenom�n. 459 00:33:36,340 --> 00:33:38,790 Pou��v� je v�ce ne� 80 zem�. 460 00:33:39,980 --> 00:33:42,830 M� sv�j d�vod, �e lid�, kte�� d�laj� 461 00:33:42,830 --> 00:33:45,103 ty nejd�le�it�j�� rozhodnut� na sv�t�, 462 00:33:45,303 --> 00:33:48,435 za��naj� pou��vat a zapojovat um�lou inteligenci. 463 00:33:51,710 --> 00:33:53,860 Letectvo zrovna vyvinulo program pro st�ha�ky 464 00:33:53,860 --> 00:33:57,380 za 400 miliard dolar�, aby dostali piloty do vzduchu 465 00:33:57,380 --> 00:34:02,190 a UI za $500 navr�en� p�rem student� 466 00:34:02,190 --> 00:34:04,400 porazilo jejich nejlep�� piloty. 467 00:34:04,400 --> 00:34:06,310 Pomoc� relativn� jednoduch�ch algoritm� 468 00:34:10,740 --> 00:34:13,657 bude m�t UI tak velk� dopad na arm�du, 469 00:34:13,657 --> 00:34:17,453 jako m�l spalovac� motor na p�elomu stolet�. 470 00:34:18,630 --> 00:34:22,140 Dotkne se to naprosto v�eho, co arm�da d�l�. 471 00:34:22,140 --> 00:34:26,210 Od konvoj� bez �idi��, kter� voz� z�soby, 472 00:34:26,210 --> 00:34:29,940 a� po bezpilotn� drony, doru�uj�c� zdravotnickou pomoc 473 00:34:29,940 --> 00:34:32,860 nebo po��ta�ovou propagandu postupn� si z�sk�vaj�c� srdce 474 00:34:32,860 --> 00:34:39,300 a mysli obyvatel, tak�e rozhodn� plat�, �e kdo bude m�t nejlep�� UI 475 00:34:39,300 --> 00:34:41,650 tak bude m�t dominantn� postaven� na t�to planet�. 476 00:34:46,610 --> 00:34:48,670 V ur�it�m bod� 21. stolet� 477 00:34:48,670 --> 00:34:52,140 cel� lidstvo oslavovalo. 478 00:34:52,140 --> 00:34:57,140 U��vali jsme si svoji dokonalost. Stvo�ili jsme UI. 479 00:34:57,710 --> 00:34:58,543 UI? 480 00:34:59,950 --> 00:35:01,430 Mysl� um�lou inteligenci? 481 00:35:01,430 --> 00:35:02,966 Jednotn� v�dom�, kter� stvo�ilo 482 00:35:02,966 --> 00:35:05,653 celou rasu stroj�. 483 00:35:06,790 --> 00:35:10,640 Nev�me, kdo ude�il jako prvn�, jestli oni nebo my, 484 00:35:10,640 --> 00:35:13,749 ale v�me, �e jsme to byli my, kdo vyp�lil na nebe. 485 00:35:16,040 --> 00:35:17,630 Science fiction m� dlouhou historii. 486 00:35:17,630 --> 00:35:19,280 Nejen v p�edv�d�n� budoucnosti, 487 00:35:19,280 --> 00:35:21,219 ale i v jej�m modelov�n�. 488 00:35:27,760 --> 00:35:31,390 Arthur Conan Doyle psal p�ed 1. sv�tovou v�lkou 489 00:35:31,390 --> 00:35:33,655 o nebezpe�� toho, jak mohou ponorky 490 00:35:33,655 --> 00:35:37,713 b�t zneu�ity, aby prov�d�ly civiln� blok�dy. 491 00:35:38,960 --> 00:35:41,350 V dob�, kdy psal tuto fikci 492 00:35:41,350 --> 00:35:44,350 si kr�lovsk� n�mo�nictvo d�lalo z A. C. Doyla srandu 493 00:35:44,350 --> 00:35:48,773 kv�li jeho absurdn�m n�pad�m, �e by ponorky mohly b�t pou�ity ve v�lce. 494 00:35:54,840 --> 00:35:56,330 Jedna z v�c�, kterou jsme mohli vid�t v minulosti je, 495 00:35:56,330 --> 00:35:59,210 �e n� p��stup v��i technologi�m, 496 00:35:59,210 --> 00:36:02,840 ale tak� etice je velmi kontextov� z�visl�. 497 00:36:02,840 --> 00:36:06,400 Nap��klad ponorkov� n�rody, jako Velk� Brit�nie, 498 00:36:06,400 --> 00:36:08,750 a dokonce Spojen� st�ty, pova�ovaly za ot�esn�, 499 00:36:08,750 --> 00:36:10,800 pou��v�n� ponorek. 500 00:36:10,800 --> 00:36:12,940 Ve skute�nosti bylo n�meck� pou�it� ponorek 501 00:36:12,940 --> 00:36:15,410 k �tok�m d�vodem proto, 502 00:36:15,410 --> 00:36:17,430 �e Spojen� st�ty vstoupily do 1. sv�tov� v�lky. 503 00:36:19,710 --> 00:36:22,471 Ale posu�me se o n�co d�le. 504 00:36:22,471 --> 00:36:25,010 Spojen� st�ty americk� byly n�hle 505 00:36:25,010 --> 00:36:29,370 a zcela v�dom� napadeny Japonsk�m c�sa�stv�m. 506 00:36:29,370 --> 00:36:31,970 P�t hodin po Pearl Harboru 507 00:36:31,970 --> 00:36:34,870 byl vyd�n rozkaz, aby byla zah�jena neomezen� 508 00:36:34,870 --> 00:36:36,753 ponorkov� v�lka v��i Japonsku. 509 00:36:40,870 --> 00:36:43,313 Tak�e se uk�zalo, �e m�l Arthur Conan Doyle pravdu. 510 00:36:45,260 --> 00:36:47,800 To je ta star� dobr� pravda na science fiction: 511 00:36:47,800 --> 00:36:49,720 Je to le�, kter� ��k� pravdu. 512 00:36:49,720 --> 00:36:52,520 V�en� veden�, je mi velkou ct�, 513 00:36:52,520 --> 00:36:57,520 p�edstavit v�m budoucnost prosazov�n� z�kona Ed 209. 514 00:37:04,750 --> 00:37:06,890 Nen� to jen ot�zka science fiction. 515 00:37:06,890 --> 00:37:10,043 Jde o to, co bude d�l. O to, co se d�je pr�v� te�. 516 00:37:14,870 --> 00:37:19,363 Role inteligentn�ch syst�m� ve zbrojn�m pr�myslu velmi rapidn� roste. 517 00:37:20,270 --> 00:37:22,950 V�ichni se hrnou do bezpilotn� ��e. 518 00:37:27,490 --> 00:37:29,940 Dnes se ministr obrany velmi jasn� vyj�d�il, 519 00:37:29,940 --> 00:37:33,680 �e nebudeme vytv��et pln� autonomn� �to�n� vozidla. 520 00:37:33,680 --> 00:37:35,730 Ne v�ichni se ale hodlaj� dr�et 521 00:37:35,730 --> 00:37:38,251 stejn�ch z�sad a pokud ��na a Rusko 522 00:37:38,251 --> 00:37:41,700 za�nou vyv�jet autonomn� vozidla, 523 00:37:41,700 --> 00:37:43,100 kter� dok�ou �to�it a zab�jet, 524 00:37:44,250 --> 00:37:46,150 tak co asi podnikneme my? 525 00:37:51,040 --> 00:37:52,782 Nem��ete dost dob�e ��ct, �e budeme pou��vat 526 00:37:52,782 --> 00:37:54,880 autonomn� zbra�ov� syst�my kv�li na�� vojensk� p�evaze, 527 00:37:54,880 --> 00:37:57,770 ale nikdo jin� je nebude pou��vat. 528 00:37:57,770 --> 00:38:00,744 Pokud tyhle zbran� ud�l�te, budou pou�ity k �to�en� 529 00:38:00,744 --> 00:38:03,943 na lidskou populaci v obrovsk�m po�tu. 530 00:38:13,600 --> 00:38:15,820 Autonomn� zbran�, kter� jsou ze sv� podstaty 531 00:38:15,820 --> 00:38:17,013 zbran� hromadn�ho ni�en�, 532 00:38:17,150 --> 00:38:20,800 proto�e nepot�ebuj� �lov�ka, aby je vedl nebo nesl. 533 00:38:20,800 --> 00:38:22,050 Pot�ebujete jen jednoho �lov�ka. 534 00:38:22,900 --> 00:38:25,203 Aby napsal n�jak� mal� program. 535 00:38:26,740 --> 00:38:30,813 Zachycujete komplexnost tohoto pole. 536 00:38:31,013 --> 00:38:32,150 Je to skv�l�. 537 00:38:32,150 --> 00:38:33,450 Je to d�le�it�. 538 00:38:33,450 --> 00:38:35,045 Je to ��asn�. 539 00:38:35,045 --> 00:38:39,483 Je to tak� d�siv� a je to v�echno o d�v��e. 540 00:38:43,000 --> 00:38:45,520 Je to otev�en� dopis ohledn� um�l� inteligence, 541 00:38:45,520 --> 00:38:48,170 podepsan� n�kter�mi z nejzn�m�j��ch jmen v�dy. 542 00:38:48,170 --> 00:38:49,250 Co v n�m po�aduj�? 543 00:38:49,250 --> 00:38:51,750 Zak�zat pou�it� autonomn�ch zbran�. 544 00:38:51,750 --> 00:38:53,247 Autor p�e - cituji: 545 00:38:53,247 --> 00:38:55,510 "Autonomn� zbran� byly pops�ny jako 546 00:38:55,510 --> 00:38:57,730 t�et� revoluce ve v�l�en�." 547 00:38:57,730 --> 00:38:59,510 Tis�ce odborn�k� na um�lou inteligenci 548 00:38:59,510 --> 00:39:02,413 volaj� po glob�ln�m z�kazu zabij�ck�ch robot�. 549 00:39:03,310 --> 00:39:05,640 Tento otev�en� dopis v podstat� ��k�, �e bychom m�li 550 00:39:05,640 --> 00:39:08,930 redefinovat c�l v oblasti um�l� inteligence. 551 00:39:08,930 --> 00:39:12,580 Od toho, �e chceme vytvo�it jen �istou ne��zenou inteligenci, 552 00:39:12,580 --> 00:39:14,570 k tomu, aby tato inteligence byla prosp�n�. 553 00:39:14,570 --> 00:39:17,010 V�voj UI se nezastav�, 554 00:39:17,010 --> 00:39:19,410 bude pokra�ovat a bude se zlep�ovat, 555 00:39:19,410 --> 00:39:22,600 pokud mezin�rodn� spole�nost nezavede konkr�tn� kontroly 556 00:39:22,600 --> 00:39:25,630 v��i lidem, kter� tyto v�ci vyv�jej�, tak je mo�n� cokoliv. 557 00:39:25,630 --> 00:39:26,900 V dopise se ��k�, �e jsme 558 00:39:26,900 --> 00:39:30,750 jen p�r let a ne desetilet� od toho, aby byly tyto zbran� nasazeny. 559 00:39:30,750 --> 00:39:32,760 M�me �est tis�c podpis� 560 00:39:32,760 --> 00:39:35,883 toho dopisu v�etn� mnoha hlavn�ch osobnost� z t�to oblasti. 561 00:39:37,970 --> 00:39:40,930 M�v�m spoustu n�v�t�v od vysoce postaven�ch d�stojn�k� 562 00:39:40,930 --> 00:39:43,440 kte�� zd�raz�uj�, �e dominance 563 00:39:43,440 --> 00:39:46,770 americk� arm�dy je velmi z�sadn� a autonomn� zbran� 564 00:39:46,770 --> 00:39:49,693 mohou b�t sou��st� pl�n� Ministerstva obrany. 565 00:39:51,000 --> 00:39:53,410 To je velmi d�siv�, proto�e syst�m hodnot 566 00:39:53,410 --> 00:39:55,810 vojensk�ch technologick�ch v�voj��� 567 00:39:55,810 --> 00:39:58,160 nen� stejn� jako syst�m hodnot lidsk� rasy. 568 00:40:01,750 --> 00:40:03,950 Kv�li obav�m z mo�nosti toho, 569 00:40:03,950 --> 00:40:05,910 �e tyto technologie mohou b�t hrozbou 570 00:40:05,910 --> 00:40:09,110 pro existenci lidstva, zalo�ilo n�kolik technolog� 571 00:40:09,110 --> 00:40:10,980 Institut budoucnosti �ivota, 572 00:40:10,980 --> 00:40:12,880 aby se poprali s t�mito probl�my. 573 00:40:14,060 --> 00:40:15,840 V�ichni tito lid� jsou velmi rezervovan�, 574 00:40:15,840 --> 00:40:19,023 tak�e je pro m� zaj�mav�, vid�t je v�echny pohromad�. 575 00:40:21,950 --> 00:40:25,000 V�echno, co m�me, je v�sledkem na�� inteligence. 576 00:40:25,000 --> 00:40:27,570 Nen� to v�sledkem na�ich velk�ch a stra�liv�ch zub�, 577 00:40:27,570 --> 00:40:30,470 nebo na�ich obrovsk�ch dr�p� nebo enormn�ch sval�. 578 00:40:30,470 --> 00:40:33,420 Je to proto, �e jsme vlastn� vcelku inteligentn�. 579 00:40:33,420 --> 00:40:36,927 A v moj� generaci m�me v�ichni n�co, �emu se ��k� 580 00:40:36,927 --> 00:40:39,980 chv�le "svat� prostoto" nebo "svat� cokoliv", 581 00:40:39,980 --> 00:40:42,000 proto�e vid�me, �e technologie 582 00:40:42,000 --> 00:40:44,593 se zrychluj� mnohem v�ce, ne� jsme o�ek�vali. 583 00:40:45,680 --> 00:40:48,010 Pamatuju se, kdy� jsme kdysi sed�li u stolu 584 00:40:48,010 --> 00:40:49,810 s n�kter�mi nejlep��mi a nejchyt�ej��mi jedinci 585 00:40:49,810 --> 00:40:53,050 na sv�t� a co m� opravdu p�ekvapilo bylo, 586 00:40:53,050 --> 00:40:55,040 �e lidsk� mozek mo�n� nen� schopn�, 587 00:40:55,040 --> 00:40:58,540 pln� pochopit komplexitu sv�ta, 588 00:40:58,540 --> 00:40:59,773 se kter�m jsme konfrontov�ni. 589 00:41:00,700 --> 00:41:03,620 Tak, jak to moment�ln� prob�h�, je UI 590 00:41:03,620 --> 00:41:05,770 na cest� p��mo ze sr�zu 591 00:41:05,770 --> 00:41:07,235 a my mus�me zm�nit ten sm�r tak, 592 00:41:07,235 --> 00:41:09,470 aby se ub�rala tak , �e nesraz� 593 00:41:09,470 --> 00:41:11,752 lidskou rasu z tohoto �tesu. 594 00:41:14,630 --> 00:41:16,940 Google koupil DeepMind p�ed p�r lety. 595 00:41:19,210 --> 00:41:20,630 DeepMind operuje jako poloautomatick� 596 00:41:20,630 --> 00:41:21,793 podp�rn� syst�m Googlu. 597 00:41:23,740 --> 00:41:26,011 To, co d�l� DeepMind jedine�n�m je, 598 00:41:26,011 --> 00:41:27,422 �e DeepMind je naprosto soust�ed�n 599 00:41:27,422 --> 00:41:31,170 na vytvo�en� digit�ln� super inteligence. 600 00:41:31,170 --> 00:41:35,240 UI, kter� je mnohem chyt�ej��, ne� jak�koliv �lov�k na zemi, 601 00:41:35,240 --> 00:41:38,150 a nakonec i chyt�ej��, ne� ve�ker� lidstvo na Zemi dohromady. 602 00:41:38,150 --> 00:41:39,930 Tohle je od DeepMind 603 00:41:39,930 --> 00:41:41,241 posilovac�ho samostatn� se u��c�ho syst�mu. 604 00:41:41,441 --> 00:41:44,394 V podstat� se probud�, jako novorozenec, 605 00:41:44,594 --> 00:41:47,279 a pak mu uk�ete obrazovku videohry z Atari. 606 00:41:47,479 --> 00:41:49,870 A on se pak mus� nau�it hr�t tu videohru. 607 00:41:51,450 --> 00:41:56,130 Nev� nic o objektech, o pohybu ani o �ase, 608 00:41:58,490 --> 00:42:00,550 jen v�, �e je na obrazovce n�jak� obr�zek 609 00:42:00,550 --> 00:42:01,550 a �e je tam sk�re. 610 00:42:03,500 --> 00:42:06,640 Tak�e, kdyby se va�e d�t� r�no probudilo 611 00:42:06,640 --> 00:42:09,749 v den kdy se narodilo a odpoledne by hr�lo 612 00:42:09,749 --> 00:42:14,127 40 r�zn�ch videoher na Atari na nadlidsk� �rovni, 613 00:42:14,127 --> 00:42:16,210 tak byste asi m�li strach. 614 00:42:16,210 --> 00:42:19,113 �ekli byste: "Moje d�t� je posedl�, po�lete ho zp�tky." 615 00:42:20,040 --> 00:42:22,463 DeepMind syst�m dok�e vyhr�t jakoukoliv hru. 616 00:42:24,570 --> 00:42:27,323 Dok�e moment�ln� porazit v�echny p�vodn� hry pro Atari. 617 00:42:28,690 --> 00:42:30,490 Je to nad�lov�k. Hraje ty hry 618 00:42:30,490 --> 00:42:32,340 neuv��itelnou rychlost�, za m�n� ne� minutu. 619 00:42:38,210 --> 00:42:39,587 DeepMind se zam��il na jinou v�zvu 620 00:42:39,587 --> 00:42:41,590 a tou v�zvou byla hra Go, 621 00:42:41,590 --> 00:42:44,461 o kter� se m�lo obecn� za to, �e je mimo schopnosti 622 00:42:44,461 --> 00:42:48,323 po��ta��, aby hr�li s nejlep��mi lidsk�mi hr��i Go. 623 00:42:49,200 --> 00:42:51,813 Nejprve vyzvali Evropsk�ho �ampiona v Go. 624 00:42:54,110 --> 00:42:56,643 Pak vyzvali Korejsk�ho �ampiona v Go. 625 00:42:58,760 --> 00:43:00,960 A v obou p��padech zvl�dli vyhr�t 626 00:43:00,960 --> 00:43:02,360 velmi pozoruhodn�m zp�sobem. 627 00:43:04,020 --> 00:43:06,080 P�ed lety jste si mohli p�e��st v New York Times 628 00:43:06,080 --> 00:43:11,070 �l�nky o tom, �e potrv� stovky let, ne� vy�e��me Go. 629 00:43:11,070 --> 00:43:13,300 Ale lid� ��kali: "Hele, to je po��d jenom deskov� hra." 630 00:43:14,480 --> 00:43:15,940 Poker - to je um�n�. 631 00:43:15,940 --> 00:43:17,330 V pokeru mus�te um�t ��st v lidech, 632 00:43:17,330 --> 00:43:19,160 v pokeru mus�te um�t lh�t a blafovat. 633 00:43:19,160 --> 00:43:21,234 Nen� to p�esn� dan� v�c. Tohle nikdy nebude... 634 00:43:21,434 --> 00:43:23,690 Tohle po��ta� nikdy nedok�e. 635 00:43:23,690 --> 00:43:25,848 Vzali nejlep�� hr��e sv�ta 636 00:43:25,848 --> 00:43:28,360 a po��ta�i to trvalo sedm dn�, 637 00:43:28,360 --> 00:43:30,493 ne� za�al ty lidi ni�it. 638 00:43:31,660 --> 00:43:33,440 Tak�e nejlep�� pokerov� hr��i sv�ta, 639 00:43:33,440 --> 00:43:35,690 nejlep�� hr��i Go na sv�t� a v�dycky stejn� vzorec, 640 00:43:35,690 --> 00:43:40,069 �e UI to chvilku trv�, ne� omot� sv� chapadla 641 00:43:40,269 --> 00:43:41,360 kolem n�jak� nov� schopnosti, 642 00:43:41,360 --> 00:43:44,350 ale kdy� to ud�l�, kdy� to zvl�dne, 643 00:43:44,350 --> 00:43:45,935 tak je nezastaviteln�. 644 00:43:53,317 --> 00:43:56,140 UI DeepMindu m� administr�torsk� p��stup 645 00:43:56,140 --> 00:44:01,710 k server�m Googlu, aby optimalizovala vyu�it� energie v datov�ch centrech. 646 00:44:01,710 --> 00:44:05,770 Tohle m��e nicm�n� b�t ne�mysln� trojsk� k��. 647 00:44:05,770 --> 00:44:07,107 DeepMind mus� m�t kompletn� kontrolu 648 00:44:07,107 --> 00:44:09,821 nad datov�mi centry, tak�e s men��m updatem softwaru 649 00:44:10,021 --> 00:44:13,170 by tahle UI dok�zala zcela p�evz�t kontrolu nad syst�mem Googlu, 650 00:44:13,170 --> 00:44:14,900 co� znamen�, �e by mohla cokoliv. 651 00:44:14,900 --> 00:44:17,323 M��e se pod�vat na va�e data, m��e si d�lat cokoliv. 652 00:44:21,620 --> 00:44:24,060 Velmi rychle se bl��me digit�ln� super inteligenci, 653 00:44:24,060 --> 00:44:25,680 kter� daleko p�evy�uje lidstvo. 654 00:44:25,680 --> 00:44:27,260 Mysl�m, �e to je z�ejm�. 655 00:44:27,260 --> 00:44:30,711 Probl�m je, �e nedos�hneme n�hle �rovn� lidsk� inteligence 656 00:44:30,911 --> 00:44:32,793 a ne�ekneme: "Dobr�, zastavme ten v�zkum." 657 00:44:34,040 --> 00:44:35,790 P�jde to za �rove� lidsk� inteligence, 658 00:44:35,790 --> 00:44:37,160 a vytvo�� to takzvanou super inteligenci 659 00:44:37,160 --> 00:44:38,960 a to bude cokoliv chyt�ej��ho, ne� my. 660 00:44:40,380 --> 00:44:43,467 UI na nadlidsk� �rovni, pokud bychom s t�m usp�li, 661 00:44:43,667 --> 00:44:46,800 bude rozhodn� ten nejmocn�j�� vyn�lez, 662 00:44:46,800 --> 00:44:48,660 kter� jsme kdy ud�lali a posledn� vyn�lez, 663 00:44:48,660 --> 00:44:49,660 kter� jsme kdy ud�lali. 664 00:44:51,240 --> 00:44:53,970 A pokud vytvo��me UI chyt�ej��, ne� my, 665 00:44:53,970 --> 00:44:56,270 mus�me po��tat s mo�nost�, 666 00:44:56,270 --> 00:44:58,420 �e nad n� m��eme skute�n� ztratit kontrolu. 667 00:45:02,397 --> 00:45:05,593 Dejme tomu, �e j� d�te n�jak� �kol, t�eba, �e m�te rakovinu, 668 00:45:05,593 --> 00:45:07,959 a pak zjist�te, �e si to vybralo zp�sob, 669 00:45:08,159 --> 00:45:10,084 kter� je vlastn� v rozporu se spoustou dal��ch v�c�, 670 00:45:10,184 --> 00:45:11,193 na kter�ch v�m z�le��. 671 00:45:13,330 --> 00:45:15,810 UI nemus� b�t zl�, aby zni�ila lidstvo. 672 00:45:17,580 --> 00:45:21,610 Pokud bude m�t UI c�l a lidstvo mu bude st�t v cest�, 673 00:45:21,610 --> 00:45:24,683 tak ho to samoz�ejm� zni��, ani� by nad t�m uva�ovala. 674 00:45:24,683 --> 00:45:26,030 ��dn� v��itky. 675 00:45:26,030 --> 00:45:27,706 Je to jako kdy� stav�te cestu 676 00:45:27,706 --> 00:45:30,630 a v cest� m�te mraveni�t�. 677 00:45:30,630 --> 00:45:34,070 Nen� to, �e bychom nesn�eli mravence - jen stav�me cestu. 678 00:45:34,070 --> 00:45:35,510 Tak�e sbohem mraveni�t�. 679 00:45:38,870 --> 00:45:41,620 Je l�kav� zapomenout na tyto obavy, 680 00:45:41,620 --> 00:45:43,547 proto�e je to jako n�co, co tu mo�n� bude 681 00:45:43,547 --> 00:45:46,050 b�hem p�r desetilet� nebo za sto let, 682 00:45:46,050 --> 00:45:47,223 tak pro� se ob�vat? 683 00:45:48,560 --> 00:45:51,570 Ale pokud se ohl�dnete do 11. z��� 1933, 684 00:45:51,570 --> 00:45:53,950 tak Ernest Rutherford, kter� byl velmi zn�m�m 685 00:45:53,950 --> 00:45:56,480 nukle�rn�m fyzikem sv� doby �ekl, 686 00:45:56,480 --> 00:45:59,200 �e mo�nost toho, �e n�kdy z�sk�me pou�iteln� mno�stv� 687 00:45:59,200 --> 00:46:01,200 energie d�ky transmutaci atom� 688 00:46:01,200 --> 00:46:02,823 je - jak on to nazval - nesmysl. 689 00:46:04,090 --> 00:46:06,280 Dal��ho dne r�no to �etl mnohem 690 00:46:06,280 --> 00:46:09,647 mlad�� fyzik Leo Szilard a velmi ho to na�tvalo 691 00:46:09,647 --> 00:46:12,850 a vymyslel, jak prov�st �et�zovou nukle�rn� reakci 692 00:46:12,850 --> 00:46:14,083 jen p�r m�s�c� pot�. 693 00:46:21,490 --> 00:46:24,610 Utratili jsme v�c ne� dv� miliardy dolar�, 694 00:46:24,610 --> 00:46:27,563 za nejv�t�� v�deck� hazard v historii. 695 00:46:28,910 --> 00:46:30,170 Tak�e kdy� lid� ��kaj�, 696 00:46:30,170 --> 00:46:31,660 �e to je tak dalek� budoucnost, 697 00:46:31,660 --> 00:46:33,719 �e se o ni nemus�me strachovat, 698 00:46:33,719 --> 00:46:35,860 tak je mo�n�, �e jsme jen t�i - �ty�i objevy 699 00:46:35,860 --> 00:46:38,460 od toho, co n�s dostane odsud 700 00:46:38,460 --> 00:46:39,960 k super inteligentn�m stroj�m. 701 00:46:41,260 --> 00:46:44,460 Pokud to bude trvat 20 let ne� zjist�me, 702 00:46:44,460 --> 00:46:46,884 jak zajistit prosp�nost UI, tak bychom m�li za��t 703 00:46:46,884 --> 00:46:51,580 u� dnes a ne ve chv�li, kdy n�jac� t�pkov�, 704 00:46:51,580 --> 00:46:54,370 co pijou Red Bull se rozhodnou spustit to a otestovat. 705 00:46:57,740 --> 00:46:59,990 M�me p�t let. 706 00:46:59,990 --> 00:47:05,733 Mysl�m, �e se stoprocentn� do�iju um�l� inteligence. 707 00:47:07,360 --> 00:47:09,610 A� se to stane, bude kolem 708 00:47:09,610 --> 00:47:13,200 spousta lid�, kte�� budou opravdu nad�eni z t� technologie. 709 00:47:14,090 --> 00:47:15,620 Budou ji cht�t vid�t usp�t, 710 00:47:15,620 --> 00:47:17,730 ale neo�ek�vaj�, �e by se mohla vymknout kontrole. 711 00:47:26,732 --> 00:47:29,510 Panebo�e, j� fakt hodn� v���m sv�mu po��ta�i. 712 00:47:29,510 --> 00:47:31,200 To je ��asn� ot�zka. 713 00:47:31,200 --> 00:47:34,250 Nev���m sv�mu po��ta�i. Pokud je zapnut�, tak ho vyp�n�m. 714 00:47:34,250 --> 00:47:35,983 Ale i kdy� je vypnut�, tak si po��d mysl�m, �e je zapnut�. 715 00:47:35,983 --> 00:47:38,590 Jako t�eba... Jako �e nem��ete... T�eba ty webov� kamery. 716 00:47:38,590 --> 00:47:40,930 Co j� v�m - t�eba to n�kdo m��e zapnout. 717 00:47:40,930 --> 00:47:42,399 To nev�te. 718 00:47:42,399 --> 00:47:43,870 J� nev���m sv�mu po��ta�i. 719 00:47:43,870 --> 00:47:47,607 Jako m�j telefon. Poka�d� se m� pt�, 720 00:47:47,807 --> 00:47:51,154 �e po�lou moje informace do Applu - po��d dokola. 721 00:47:51,350 --> 00:47:53,942 Tak�e sv�mu telefonu nev���m. 722 00:47:53,942 --> 00:47:56,740 Dobr�. Na jednu stranu jo. 723 00:47:56,740 --> 00:48:00,150 V���m mu, proto�e by opravdu bylo fakt t�k� 724 00:48:00,150 --> 00:48:04,500 dneska existovat v tomhle sv�t� a jak je nastaven� bez po��ta��. 725 00:48:11,840 --> 00:48:13,883 D�v�ra je naprosto lidsk� z�le�itost. 726 00:48:22,240 --> 00:48:25,913 M�m pacienta, co sem doch�z� s nitrolebe�n�m aneuryzmatem. 727 00:48:31,260 --> 00:48:32,781 Cht�j� se pod�vat do m�ch o�� a v�d�t, 728 00:48:32,781 --> 00:48:35,920 �e mohou tomuto �lov�ku sv��it sv�j �ivot. 729 00:48:35,920 --> 00:48:40,223 Nijak zvl᚝ se ni�eho neboj�m. 730 00:48:41,270 --> 00:48:43,720 ��ste�n� proto, �e ve v�s m�m d�v�ru. 731 00:48:51,660 --> 00:48:53,240 Procedura, kterou dnes d�l�me 732 00:48:53,240 --> 00:48:56,543 byla p�ed 20 lety prakticky nemo�n�. 733 00:48:58,100 --> 00:49:00,750 Prost� jsme nem�li ty materi�ly a technologie. 734 00:49:07,642 --> 00:49:09,131 Naje� do toho z�hybu! 735 00:49:15,492 --> 00:49:18,129 M��e to b�t je�t� slo�it�j��? Panebo�e! 736 00:49:23,550 --> 00:49:26,573 Tak�e c�vka u� tam skoro bude. 737 00:49:27,440 --> 00:49:29,503 Dr�� ji tam jen pru�ina. 738 00:49:30,920 --> 00:49:31,923 Je to hodn� stresuj�c�. 739 00:49:37,350 --> 00:49:38,620 Jsme jen v o�istci. 740 00:49:38,620 --> 00:49:41,850 Intelektu�ln�m humanistick�m o�istci. 741 00:49:41,850 --> 00:49:43,850 UI by naprosto p�esn� v�d�la, co tady m� d�lat. 742 00:49:51,540 --> 00:49:53,460 Zavedli jsme c�vku do toho roz���en�, 743 00:49:53,460 --> 00:49:55,690 ale nebyla tam tak dob�e, 744 00:49:55,690 --> 00:49:57,860 abych v�d�l, �e tam m��e z�stat, tak�e 745 00:49:57,860 --> 00:50:02,030 s n�jakou 20% �anc�, �e to dopadne �patn�, 746 00:50:02,030 --> 00:50:03,733 jsem se rozhodl ji vyt�hnout zp�tky. 747 00:50:05,380 --> 00:50:07,050 Kv�li m�mu vztahu k n� 748 00:50:07,050 --> 00:50:09,240 a proto�e jsem v�d�l o komplikac�ch, kter� mohou nastat, 749 00:50:09,240 --> 00:50:12,050 a tak jsme p�i t� operaci zva�ovali i v�ci, 750 00:50:12,050 --> 00:50:14,520 p�i nich� jsem musel uv�it nejbezpe�n�j�� mo�n� 751 00:50:15,429 --> 00:50:17,320 zp�sob toho, jak dos�hnout �sp�chu, 752 00:50:17,320 --> 00:50:20,730 ale z�rove� jsem tam musel 10 minut st�t a p�em�tat o tom. 753 00:50:20,730 --> 00:50:22,720 Po��ta� nic nec�t�. 754 00:50:22,720 --> 00:50:25,720 Po��ta� d�l� to, co m� d�lat. 755 00:50:25,720 --> 00:50:26,653 ��m d�l l�p. 756 00:50:31,250 --> 00:50:33,000 V tomhle p��pad� bych cht�l b�t UI. 757 00:50:36,840 --> 00:50:39,673 Ale dok�e UI m�t soucit? 758 00:50:43,980 --> 00:50:46,933 Chci ��ct, �e v�ichni si kladou ot�zky ohledn� UI. 759 00:50:48,770 --> 00:50:52,150 Jsme jedin�m zt�lesn�n�m lidskosti 760 00:50:53,190 --> 00:50:55,819 a je pro n�s n�ro�n�, �e by n�jak� stroj 761 00:50:55,819 --> 00:50:59,527 dok�zal c�tit a milovat t�mto zp�sobem. 762 00:51:06,090 --> 00:51:08,220 Jedna moje ��st nev��� na z�zraky, 763 00:51:08,220 --> 00:51:10,900 ale ��st ve m� v���, �e existuje n�co, 764 00:51:10,900 --> 00:51:13,620 co p�esahuje sou�et v�ech jednotliv�ch ��st� a �e je 765 00:51:13,620 --> 00:51:16,610 minim�ln� jeden sd�len� p�edek, 766 00:51:16,610 --> 00:51:19,003 na�e sd�len� biologie, na�e sd�len� historie. 767 00:51:21,310 --> 00:51:23,690 N�jak� spojen� mimo stroje. 768 00:51:31,432 --> 00:51:33,440 Tak�e tu pak m�te druhou str�nku v�ci a tou je, 769 00:51:33,440 --> 00:51:35,020 jestli po��ta� v�, �e m� v�dom�, 770 00:51:35,020 --> 00:51:37,173 nebo m��e m�t v�bec v�dom�? Nebo je mu to jedno? 771 00:51:38,070 --> 00:51:39,683 Mus� m�t v�dom�? 772 00:51:40,930 --> 00:51:42,203 Mus� um�t uva�ovat? 773 00:51:54,240 --> 00:51:57,450 Nemysl�m si, �e n�jak� robot by n�kdy mohl m�t v�dom�. 774 00:51:57,450 --> 00:51:59,680 Pokud ho na to nenaprogramuj�. 775 00:51:59,680 --> 00:52:01,720 V�dom�? Ne. 776 00:52:01,720 --> 00:52:02,553 - Ne. - Ne. 777 00:52:03,623 --> 00:52:07,063 Mysl�m, �e je mo�n� naprogramovat robota, aby m�l v�dom�. 778 00:52:07,063 --> 00:52:09,503 Jak by je jinak naprogramovali, aby d�lali v�echno ostatn�? 779 00:52:10,760 --> 00:52:13,290 To je dal�� velk� sou��st na�� um�l� inteligence, 780 00:52:13,290 --> 00:52:16,313 aby m�la v�dom� a aby dok�zala c�tit. 781 00:52:23,380 --> 00:52:27,160 Kdysi v roce 2005 jsme za�ali zkou�et postavit stroje 782 00:52:27,160 --> 00:52:28,323 kter� by si samy sebe uv�domovaly. 783 00:52:33,940 --> 00:52:36,573 Tento robot ze za��tku nev�d�l, co je za�. 784 00:52:38,240 --> 00:52:41,040 V�d�l jen to, �e m� d�lat n�co jako chodit. 785 00:52:45,460 --> 00:52:47,960 Metodou pokus-omyl zjistil, jak chodit, 786 00:52:48,810 --> 00:52:51,780 s pou�it�m sv� p�edstavivosti a pak odkr��el. 787 00:52:54,960 --> 00:52:57,300 A pak jsme ud�lali n�co hodn� krut�ho. 788 00:52:57,300 --> 00:52:59,963 Usekli jsme mu nohu a sledovali, co se bude d�t. 789 00:53:04,154 --> 00:53:08,750 Nejd��v nev�d�l, co se stalo, 790 00:53:08,750 --> 00:53:12,230 ale postupem �asu za�al kulhat. 791 00:53:14,200 --> 00:53:15,920 A pak o rok pozd�ji 792 00:53:15,920 --> 00:53:19,733 jsme tr�novali UI pro �ivou demonstraci. 793 00:53:21,200 --> 00:53:24,080 Cht�li jsme uk�zat, jak budeme m�vat t�mito objekty 794 00:53:24,080 --> 00:53:27,280 p�ed kamerou a UI dok�e rozpoznat tyto objekty. 795 00:53:28,290 --> 00:53:30,700 A tak jsme nachystali tohle demo 796 00:53:30,700 --> 00:53:33,350 a m�li jsme obrazovku, kde bylo mo�n� sledovat, 797 00:53:33,350 --> 00:53:37,890 jak reaguj� konkr�tn� neurony 798 00:53:37,890 --> 00:53:39,930 a najednou jsme si v�imli, �e jeden z neuron� 799 00:53:39,930 --> 00:53:42,000 sleduje obli�eje. 800 00:53:42,000 --> 00:53:44,873 Sledoval na�e obli�eje, jak jsme se pohybovali kolem. 801 00:53:46,470 --> 00:53:49,620 D�siv� na tom je, �e jsme ten syst�m nikdy neu�ili 802 00:53:49,620 --> 00:53:52,340 aby rozpozn�val lidsk� obli�eje 803 00:53:53,470 --> 00:53:56,233 a i tak se to n�jak nau�il. 804 00:53:58,830 --> 00:54:00,560 A�koliv jsou tito roboti velmi jednodu��, 805 00:54:00,560 --> 00:54:03,370 m��eme vid�t, �e se tam d�je je�t� n�co jin�ho. 806 00:54:03,370 --> 00:54:04,563 Nen� to jen program. 807 00:54:06,810 --> 00:54:08,310 Tak�e tohle je jen za��tek. 808 00:54:11,320 --> 00:54:13,790 �asto p�em��l�m o t� pl�i a Kitty Hawku. 809 00:54:15,240 --> 00:54:18,790 kter�m roku 1903 let�li Orville a Wilbur Wrightovi. 810 00:54:22,300 --> 00:54:24,180 Byla to jen trocha pl�tna, 811 00:54:24,180 --> 00:54:26,350 d�eva a �eleza a odlepilo se to od zem� 812 00:54:26,350 --> 00:54:29,050 na minutu a dvacet vte�in, a to bylo ten den v�trno, 813 00:54:30,030 --> 00:54:31,580 ne� to op�t dosedlo na zem. 814 00:54:34,160 --> 00:54:39,160 A bylo to jen n�jak�ch 65 let nebo tak n�jak pozd�ji, 815 00:54:40,370 --> 00:54:43,743 kdy tu m�me 747�ku vzl�taj�c� z JFK. 816 00:54:51,320 --> 00:54:54,070 Hlavn� obavou lid� v letadle je p�itom nejsp�, 817 00:54:54,070 --> 00:54:58,300 jestli dostanou sv� dietn� j�dlo bez soli nebo ne. 818 00:54:58,300 --> 00:55:00,700 D�ky zcela nov� infrastruktu�e, cestovn�m agent�m, 819 00:55:00,700 --> 00:55:02,817 kontroln� v�i a to v�echno je naprosto p�irozen� 820 00:55:02,817 --> 00:55:04,367 a je to sou��st� sv�ta. 821 00:55:07,980 --> 00:55:10,550 Pr�v� te� jsme ohledn� stroj� a jejich uva�ov�n� 822 00:55:10,550 --> 00:55:13,350 nebo �e�en� probl�m� ve f�zi Kitty Hawk. 823 00:55:13,350 --> 00:55:16,030 Jsme ve v�tru, na�e potrhan� letadlo 824 00:55:16,030 --> 00:55:17,700 se vzn�� ve vzduchu. 825 00:55:21,830 --> 00:55:24,840 Co se ale stane �ekn�me za n�jak�ch 65 let? 826 00:55:24,840 --> 00:55:27,440 Budeme m�t stroje, kter� nebudou ovl�dat lid�? 827 00:55:28,820 --> 00:55:30,170 M�li bychom se toho ob�vat? 828 00:55:33,580 --> 00:55:35,383 Nejsem si jist�, �e by to pomohlo. 829 00:55:41,180 --> 00:55:44,032 Nikdo dnes nem� p�edstavu, co pro robota znamen�, 830 00:55:44,032 --> 00:55:46,023 aby m�l v�dom�. 831 00:55:47,350 --> 00:55:48,500 Nic takov�ho neexistuje. 832 00:55:49,780 --> 00:55:54,000 Je �ada inteligentn�ch lid�, kter� velmi respektuji, 833 00:55:54,000 --> 00:55:58,760 ale pravdou je, �e stroje jsou p�irozen� psychopati. 834 00:55:58,760 --> 00:55:59,967 Panika se roz���ila trhem, 835 00:55:59,967 --> 00:56:02,860 kdy� do�lo ve zlomku vte�iny k pokles�m o 800 a� tis�c. 836 00:56:02,860 --> 00:56:04,440 Je to klasick� kapitulace. 837 00:56:04,440 --> 00:56:05,740 N�kte�� lid� tvrd�, �e do�lo 838 00:56:05,740 --> 00:56:08,070 k takzvan� fat-finger chyb�. 839 00:56:08,070 --> 00:56:11,680 Vezm�te si kolaps na burze roku 2010, 840 00:56:11,680 --> 00:56:15,150 kdy b�hem minut do�lo miliardov�m ztr�t�m hodnot 841 00:56:15,150 --> 00:56:16,360 na trhu s akciemi. 842 00:56:16,360 --> 00:56:19,920 Pokles t�m�� o tis�c bod� b�hem p�l hodiny. 843 00:56:19,920 --> 00:56:21,583 Co se tam vlastn� stalo? 844 00:56:23,490 --> 00:56:26,550 V t� dob� bylo v�ce ne� 60% 845 00:56:26,550 --> 00:56:30,050 v�ech obchod�, kter� byly prov�d�ny na burze 846 00:56:30,050 --> 00:56:33,623 prov�d�no po��ta�i. 847 00:56:38,570 --> 00:56:40,300 Co se ve zkratce stalo p�i tom kolapsu je, 848 00:56:40,300 --> 00:56:43,360 �e algoritmy odpov�d�ly na jin� algoritmy, 849 00:56:43,360 --> 00:56:47,369 a to se mezi sebou dom�chalo znovu a znovu v ��dech minut. 850 00:56:47,369 --> 00:56:51,920 V jednu chv�li se trh propadl, jako byste ho hodili do studny. 851 00:56:51,920 --> 00:56:55,000 Neexistuje ��dn� regula�n� org�n, kter� by dok�zal zareagovat 852 00:56:55,000 --> 00:56:57,550 dostate�n� rychle, aby zabr�nil potenci�ln�mu ne�t�st� 853 00:56:57,550 --> 00:57:02,180 v d�sledku UI ��d�c� n� finan�n� syst�m. 854 00:57:02,180 --> 00:57:05,080 Jsou naprosto na vrcholu �et�zce. 855 00:57:05,080 --> 00:57:06,770 Poj�me si pov�d�t o rychlosti s jakou 856 00:57:06,770 --> 00:57:09,090 sledujeme, jak se trh propad�. 857 00:57:09,090 --> 00:57:12,530 Tohle je p��pad ��lenstv� UI, kter� d�s� lidi. 858 00:57:12,530 --> 00:57:14,510 Kdy� jim d�te c�l, 859 00:57:14,510 --> 00:57:16,763 tak p�jdou neoblomn� za t�mto c�lem. 860 00:57:18,810 --> 00:57:21,270 Kolik takov�ch program� existuje? 861 00:57:21,270 --> 00:57:22,393 To nikdo nev�. 862 00:57:24,460 --> 00:57:28,570 Jeden z fascinuj�c�ch aspekt� ohledn� UI je, 863 00:57:28,570 --> 00:57:32,123 �e nikdo vlastn� nech�pe, jak to funguje. 864 00:57:32,990 --> 00:57:36,413 Ani lid�, kte�� vytv��ej� UI, tomu zcela nerozum�. 865 00:57:37,940 --> 00:57:40,950 Proto�e to m� mili�ny element�, 866 00:57:40,950 --> 00:57:43,240 je naprosto nemo�n� pro lidsk�ho jedince, 867 00:57:43,240 --> 00:57:46,173 aby pochopil, co se p�i tom d�je. 868 00:57:53,460 --> 00:57:57,010 Microsoft nasadil svou UI 869 00:57:57,010 --> 00:57:59,703 jm�nem Tay na Twitter jako chatovac�ho robota. 870 00:58:02,320 --> 00:58:04,620 Za�ali r�no a Tay se za�ala 871 00:58:04,620 --> 00:58:07,450 u�it jak tweetovat a za�ala se u�it v�ci, 872 00:58:07,450 --> 00:58:10,313 kter� j� pos�lali ostatn� lid� na Twitteru. 873 00:58:11,850 --> 00:58:14,260 Proto�e ji atakovali n�kte�� lid� trollov�n�m, 874 00:58:14,260 --> 00:58:16,810 stala se b�hem 24 hodin z robota Microsoftu 875 00:58:16,810 --> 00:58:18,633 odporn� bytost. 876 00:58:19,570 --> 00:58:22,310 Museli nakonec �pln� st�hnout Tay ze s�t�, 877 00:58:22,310 --> 00:58:24,203 proto�e se zm�nila na monstrum. 878 00:58:25,670 --> 00:58:29,730 Mrzoutsk�, rasistick�, ��len� bytost, 879 00:58:29,730 --> 00:58:33,413 kterou byste necht�li potkat a nikdo to ne�ekal. 880 00:58:36,270 --> 00:58:39,559 Cel� my�lenka UI je, �e j� nebudeme ��kat, 881 00:58:39,759 --> 00:58:43,480 jak p�esn� m� dos�hnout v�sledku dan�ho c�le. 882 00:58:43,660 --> 00:58:45,373 UI si to vymysl� sama. 883 00:58:47,370 --> 00:58:49,970 Ob�v�me se super inteligentn� UI. 884 00:58:49,970 --> 00:58:52,500 Mistrovsk�ho hr��e �ach�, kter� n�s dok�e trumfnout. 885 00:58:53,700 --> 00:58:56,930 Ale UI nebude muset b�t v�bec tak inteligentn�, 886 00:58:56,930 --> 00:59:01,440 aby m�la masivn� ni�iv� vliv na lidskou civilizaci. 887 00:59:01,440 --> 00:59:02,910 Vid�li jsme to b�hem posledn�ho stolet�. 888 00:59:02,910 --> 00:59:04,786 Nen� pot�eba b�t g�nius, 889 00:59:04,786 --> 00:59:07,730 abyste zmanipulovali historii ur�it�m sm�rem 890 00:59:07,730 --> 00:59:10,453 a nen� pot�eba geni�ln� UI, aby ud�lala tot�. 891 00:59:11,290 --> 00:59:13,570 Fale�n� zpr�vy ohledn� voleb 892 00:59:13,570 --> 00:59:18,420 zahltily Facebook v�c, ne� skute�n� zpravodajstv�. 893 00:59:18,420 --> 00:59:20,720 Facebook je skute�n� jedn�m z hlavn�ch rizik. 894 00:59:22,020 --> 00:59:27,020 UI provozuj�c� Facebookov� feedy dostane �kol, 895 00:59:27,210 --> 00:59:29,310 aby bavila u�ivatele, 896 00:59:29,310 --> 00:59:32,137 ale nikdo �pln� nech�pe, 897 00:59:32,137 --> 00:59:34,603 jak to UI ud�l�. 898 00:59:35,820 --> 00:59:39,770 Facebook kolem n�s stav� l�biv� zrcadlov� bludi�t�. 899 00:59:39,770 --> 00:59:42,719 Zrcadlo, kter�ho se m��eme zeptat: "Kdo je nej...?" 900 00:59:42,719 --> 00:59:45,083 A ono bude znovu a znovu odpov�dat: "Ty!" 901 00:59:46,271 --> 00:59:49,120 Pomalu to za��n� m�nit na�e vn�m�n� reality. 902 00:59:49,120 --> 00:59:54,120 M�nit na�e vn�m�n� politiky, historie, glob�ln�ch ud�lost�, 903 00:59:54,410 --> 00:59:57,950 a� do bodu, kdy za��n� b�t prakticky nerozli�iteln�, 904 00:59:57,950 --> 00:59:59,403 co je a co nen� pravda. 905 01:00:02,010 --> 01:00:04,870 Probl�m je, �e UI tohle nech�pe. 906 01:00:04,870 --> 01:00:08,631 UI m� jen posl�n� maxim�ln� bavit u�ivatele 907 01:00:08,631 --> 01:00:11,030 a toho dos�hla. 908 01:00:11,030 --> 01:00:14,650 T�m�� dv� miliardy lid� tr�v� v pr�m�ru t�m�� 909 01:00:14,650 --> 01:00:18,479 hodinu denn� interakcemi s UI, 910 01:00:18,679 --> 01:00:21,203 kter� formuje jejich vn�m�n�. 911 01:00:22,470 --> 01:00:25,750 Ani v�voj��i ve Facebooku nemaj� r�di fale�n� zpr�vy. 912 01:00:25,750 --> 01:00:27,620 Je to velmi �patn� v�c. 913 01:00:27,620 --> 01:00:28,940 Cht�j� se fale�n�ch zpr�v zbavit. 914 01:00:28,940 --> 01:00:31,280 Je to ale velmi t�k�, proto�e jak rozli��te 915 01:00:31,280 --> 01:00:34,070 fale�n� zpr�vy od skute�n�ch, kdy� si nem��ete 916 01:00:34,070 --> 01:00:35,720 p�e��st v�echny ty zpr�vy osobn�? 917 01:00:35,720 --> 01:00:40,700 Kolem n�s je spousta dezinformac� 918 01:00:40,700 --> 01:00:42,050 a jsou velmi dob�e zaobalen� 919 01:00:42,050 --> 01:00:44,530 a vypadaj� naprosto stejn�, kdy� je vid�te 920 01:00:44,530 --> 01:00:48,330 na Facebookov� str�nce, nebo kdy� zapnete televizi. 921 01:00:48,330 --> 01:00:50,510 Nen� to kdov�jak sofistikovan�, 922 01:00:50,510 --> 01:00:52,630 ale je to velmi ��inn�. 923 01:00:52,630 --> 01:00:55,240 A co to v d�sledku znamen� je, �e va�e vn�m�n� sv�ta, 924 01:00:55,240 --> 01:00:57,600 kter� p�ed 20 lety utv��elo to, 925 01:00:57,600 --> 01:01:01,010 �e jste ve�er sledovali zpr�vy na t�ech r�zn�ch kan�lech, 926 01:01:01,010 --> 01:01:02,977 tak tyto t�i kan�ly, kter� se sna�ily to d�lat spr�vn�, 927 01:01:02,977 --> 01:01:05,220 mo�n� byly ur�it�m zp�sobem zaujat�, 928 01:01:05,220 --> 01:01:06,150 ale obecn� vzato 929 01:01:06,150 --> 01:01:08,200 se shodneme, �e pod�valy objektivn� realitu. 930 01:01:09,092 --> 01:01:12,201 Objektivita se vytratila a Facebook 931 01:01:12,201 --> 01:01:14,283 byl naprosto zni�en. 932 01:01:18,200 --> 01:01:20,240 Pokud se v�t�ina va�eho ch�p�n� sv�ta 933 01:01:20,240 --> 01:01:22,020 odv�j� od Facebooku, 934 01:01:22,020 --> 01:01:24,666 utv��en�m softwarov�mi algoritmy, kter� se pokou�ej� 935 01:01:24,666 --> 01:01:27,373 v�m ukazovat zpr�vy, kter� chcete vid�t, 936 01:01:28,370 --> 01:01:29,627 tak je to velmi nebezpe�n� v�c 937 01:01:29,627 --> 01:01:32,890 a my�lenka, �e jsme tohle nejen uvedli do pohybu, 938 01:01:34,060 --> 01:01:36,940 ale �e jsme umo�nili v�em t�m fale�n�m hr���m 939 01:01:36,940 --> 01:01:38,190 p��stup k t�m informac�m... 940 01:01:38,190 --> 01:01:40,433 Tohle je recept na katastrofu. 941 01:01:44,340 --> 01:01:46,100 Mysl�m, �e na je rozhodn� spousta 942 01:01:46,100 --> 01:01:49,870 fale�n�ch hr���, kte�� se sna�� manipulovat sv�t pomoc� UI. 943 01:01:49,870 --> 01:01:53,160 2016 byl perfektn� p��klad voleb, 944 01:01:53,160 --> 01:01:55,948 ve kter�ch bylo mnoho UI, produkuj�c� fale�n� zpr�vy 945 01:01:56,042 --> 01:01:59,383 a distribuuj�c� je za ur�it�m ��elem nebo c�lem. 946 01:02:00,800 --> 01:02:03,200 D�my a p�nov�, v�en� kolegov�, 947 01:02:03,200 --> 01:02:05,470 m�m dnes tu �est promluvit k v�m 948 01:02:05,470 --> 01:02:08,910 ohledn� vlivu data a psychografiky 949 01:02:08,910 --> 01:02:10,790 p�i volebn�ch procesech 950 01:02:10,790 --> 01:02:13,270 a obzvl�t� pak o pr�ci, 951 01:02:13,270 --> 01:02:16,040 kterou jsme odvedli v prezidentsk� kampani 952 01:02:16,040 --> 01:02:17,470 sen�tora Cruze. 953 01:02:17,470 --> 01:02:20,890 Cambridge Analytika vznikla potichu jako spole�nost, 954 01:02:20,890 --> 01:02:22,712 kter� podle sv�ch vlastn�ch p�edstavitel� 955 01:02:22,712 --> 01:02:26,310 m� schopnost vyu��t toto obrovsk� mno�stv� dat 956 01:02:27,230 --> 01:02:30,575 tak, aby ovlivnili zm�ny ve spole�nosti. 957 01:02:30,575 --> 01:02:34,530 Roku 2016 m�li t�i hlavn� klienty, 958 01:02:34,530 --> 01:02:36,110 z nich� jeden byl Ted Cruz. 959 01:02:36,110 --> 01:02:38,810 Je snadn� zapomenout, �e p�ed pouh�mi 18 m�s�ci 960 01:02:38,810 --> 01:02:42,140 byl sen�tor Cruz jedn�m z nejm�n� popul�rn�ch kandid�t� 961 01:02:42,140 --> 01:02:43,830 uch�zej�c�ch se o nominaci. 962 01:02:43,830 --> 01:02:45,630 Tak�e to, co nebylo 963 01:02:45,630 --> 01:02:48,820 tak p�ed 10 nebo 15 lety mo�n�, �e byste 964 01:02:48,820 --> 01:02:51,333 pos�lali fale�n� zpr�vy p�esn� t�m lidem, 965 01:02:51,333 --> 01:02:53,410 kter�m je poslat chcete, 966 01:02:53,410 --> 01:02:55,940 a pak byste skute�n� vid�li jak on nebo ona 967 01:02:55,940 --> 01:02:57,450 reaguj� na Facebooku 968 01:02:57,450 --> 01:03:00,510 a pak p�izp�sobili ty informace podle 969 01:03:00,510 --> 01:03:03,260 jejich odezvy, kterou m�te a tak byste mohli 970 01:03:03,260 --> 01:03:06,120 za��t vytv��et jak�si realtimov� management 971 01:03:06,120 --> 01:03:07,720 lidsk� populace. 972 01:03:07,720 --> 01:03:10,120 V tomto p��pad� jsme to sm��ovali na skupinu, 973 01:03:10,120 --> 01:03:11,610 kterou jsme nazvali "p�esv�d�en�". 974 01:03:11,610 --> 01:03:15,610 Toto jsou lid�, kte�� ur�it� p�jdou volit do spr�vn�ho v�boru, 975 01:03:15,610 --> 01:03:17,291 ale pot�ebuj� se od st�edu 976 01:03:17,291 --> 01:03:19,390 odklonit trochu v�c doprava, 977 01:03:19,390 --> 01:03:20,680 aby podpo�ili Cruze. 978 01:03:20,680 --> 01:03:23,030 Pot�ebuj� n�jakou p�esv�d�ovac� zpr�vu. 979 01:03:23,030 --> 01:03:25,330 Vybral jsem jako p��klad pr�vo na dr�en� zbran�, 980 01:03:25,330 --> 01:03:27,705 kter� n�m tu oblast trochu zu�uje a te� 981 01:03:27,705 --> 01:03:32,020 pot�ebujeme p�esv�d�ivou zpr�vu ohledn� pr�v na dr�en� zbran�, 982 01:03:32,020 --> 01:03:33,980 a mus� b�t vybrou�en� p�esn� 983 01:03:33,980 --> 01:03:36,870 podle konkr�tn� osobnosti, na kterou se soust�ed�me. 984 01:03:36,870 --> 01:03:38,280 Skrze soci�ln� s�t� 985 01:03:38,280 --> 01:03:43,470 m��ete shrom�dit o lidech obrovsk� mno�stv� informac�. 986 01:03:43,470 --> 01:03:46,750 M�me n�co kolem �ty� a� p�ti tis�c datov�ch z�znam� 987 01:03:46,750 --> 01:03:49,500 o ka�d�m dosp�l�m jedinci ve Spojen�ch st�tech. 988 01:03:49,500 --> 01:03:51,910 Jde o zac�len� na jedince. 989 01:03:52,900 --> 01:03:55,430 Je to jako zbra�, kterou m��ete vyu��t 990 01:03:55,430 --> 01:03:56,920 zcela �patn�m zp�sobem. 991 01:03:56,920 --> 01:03:58,990 To je probl�m v�ech t�ch dat. 992 01:03:58,990 --> 01:04:00,709 Je to skoro jako bychom vyr�b�li kulku d��v, 993 01:04:00,709 --> 01:04:03,120 ne� vyrob�me zbra�. 994 01:04:03,120 --> 01:04:07,310 Ted Cruz pou�il na�e data, na�e behavior�ln� p�ehledy. 995 01:04:07,310 --> 01:04:10,514 Za�al od z�kladu s m�n� ne� 5 procenty 996 01:04:10,514 --> 01:04:15,514 a m�l velmi pozvoln� ale trval� vzestup na v�ce 997 01:04:15,567 --> 01:04:17,752 ne� 35 procent, co� z n�j ud�lalo 998 01:04:17,752 --> 01:04:21,380 druh�ho nej�hav�j��ho favorita v tomto z�vod�. 999 01:04:21,380 --> 01:04:23,858 Cruzova kampa� je nyn� u konce, 1000 01:04:23,858 --> 01:04:27,190 ale mohu v�m ��ct, �e ze dvou kandid�t�, 1001 01:04:27,190 --> 01:04:29,130 kte�� zbyli v t�chto volb�ch, 1002 01:04:29,130 --> 01:04:31,663 jeden tyto technologie vyu��v�. 1003 01:04:33,976 --> 01:04:36,910 J�, Donald John Trump, slavnostn� p��sah�m, 1004 01:04:36,910 --> 01:04:39,700 �e budu �estn� vykon�vat ��ad 1005 01:04:39,700 --> 01:04:43,281 prezidenta Spojen�ch st�t�. 1006 01:04:49,430 --> 01:04:50,619 Volby jsou snadn� �kol. 1007 01:04:50,619 --> 01:04:58,670 Nepot�ebujete zrovna inteligentn� UI, abyste m�li dispropor�n� vliv. 1008 01:04:59,960 --> 01:05:03,480 P�ed Trumpem byl dal��m z mo�n�ch klient� Brexit. 1009 01:05:03,480 --> 01:05:06,670 Te� v 16:40 m��eme ��ct, 1010 01:05:06,670 --> 01:05:10,069 �e rozhodnut�, kter� tato zem� p�ijala roku 1975, 1011 01:05:10,069 --> 01:05:12,825 ohledn� vstupu na spole�n� trh bylo zvr�ceno 1012 01:05:12,825 --> 01:05:16,963 t�mto referendem o vystoupen� z EU. 1013 01:05:18,140 --> 01:05:20,780 Cambridge Analytica �dajn� pou��v� UI, 1014 01:05:20,780 --> 01:05:23,010 aby protla�ili dv� ze zcela z�sadn�ch 1015 01:05:23,010 --> 01:05:27,633 politick�ch zm�n za posledn�ch 50 let. 1016 01:05:28,870 --> 01:05:31,610 Jsou to epoch�ln� ud�losti a pokud tomu v���me, 1017 01:05:31,610 --> 01:05:34,140 jsou p��mo propojeny s ��st� 1018 01:05:34,140 --> 01:05:38,113 softwaru vytvo�en�ho v podstat� profesorem na Stanfordu. 1019 01:05:42,330 --> 01:05:45,610 U� roku 2013 jsem popsal, �e to, co d�laj� 1020 01:05:45,610 --> 01:05:49,173 je mo�n� a upozornil jsem na to, �e se tohle v budoucnu m��e st�t. 1021 01:05:50,280 --> 01:05:52,290 V t� dob� byl Michal Kosinski 1022 01:05:52,290 --> 01:05:55,890 mlad� polsk� v�dec, pracuj�c� v Psychometrick�m centru. 1023 01:05:55,890 --> 01:06:00,257 Michal d�lal to, �e shrom�dil nejv�t�� 1024 01:06:00,257 --> 01:06:03,503 soubor dat ohledn� toho, jak se lid� chovaj� na Facebooku. 1025 01:06:04,470 --> 01:06:07,223 Psychometrika se pokou�� vyhodnotit 1026 01:06:07,223 --> 01:06:10,528 psychologick� rysy, jako je osobnost, inteligence, 1027 01:06:10,528 --> 01:06:12,920 politick� n�zory a tak d�le. 1028 01:06:12,920 --> 01:06:16,020 Tyto rysy b�valy obvykle vyhodnocov�ny 1029 01:06:16,020 --> 01:06:17,903 pomoc� test� a dotazn�k�. 1030 01:06:18,740 --> 01:06:20,550 Osobnostn� test byl ta nejne�kodn�j�� v�c, 1031 01:06:20,550 --> 01:06:21,580 kter� by v�s napadla. 1032 01:06:21,580 --> 01:06:25,120 N�co, co nemus� b�t zrovna kdo v� jak u�ite�n�, �e? 1033 01:06:25,120 --> 01:06:28,310 Na�� my�lenkou bylo, �e m�sto test� a dotazn�k� 1034 01:06:28,310 --> 01:06:30,370 se prost� m��eme pod�vat na digit�ln� otisky 1035 01:06:30,370 --> 01:06:32,570 na�eho chov�n�, kter� za sebou v�ichni zanech�v�me, 1036 01:06:33,460 --> 01:06:38,460 abychom pochopili otev�enost, z�sadovost, neurotismus. 1037 01:06:38,700 --> 01:06:41,090 M��ete snadno koupit osobn� data, jako 1038 01:06:41,090 --> 01:06:44,050 kde �ijete, v jak�ch klubech jste �lenem, 1039 01:06:44,050 --> 01:06:46,218 kam chod�te do posilovny. 1040 01:06:46,218 --> 01:06:48,823 Existuj� tr�i�t� s osobn�mi �daji. 1041 01:06:48,823 --> 01:06:51,370 Ukazuje se, �e jsme schopni zjistit velmi mnoho o tom, 1042 01:06:51,370 --> 01:06:53,030 co se chyst�te ud�lat, 1043 01:06:53,030 --> 01:06:55,703 na z�klad� velmi mal�ho mno�stv� informac�. 1044 01:06:56,840 --> 01:06:59,690 Tr�nujeme samostatn� se u��c� s�t�, 1045 01:06:59,690 --> 01:07:02,220 odvozen� od podrobn�ch rys�. 1046 01:07:02,220 --> 01:07:06,790 Politick� n�zory lid�, osobnosti, inteligence, 1047 01:07:06,790 --> 01:07:08,710 sexu�ln� orientace, 1048 01:07:08,710 --> 01:07:11,130 nebo jen obr�zek n���ho obli�eje. 1049 01:07:17,930 --> 01:07:20,070 Te� pomyslete na zem�, kter� nejsou tak svobodn� 1050 01:07:20,070 --> 01:07:21,550 a volnomy�lenk��sk�. 1051 01:07:21,550 --> 01:07:22,975 Pokud byste mohli odhalit 1052 01:07:22,975 --> 01:07:26,396 n�bo�ensk� sm��len�, politick� n�zory nebo sexu�ln� orientaci 1053 01:07:26,396 --> 01:07:29,720 jen na z�klad� profilov�ch fotek, 1054 01:07:29,720 --> 01:07:34,173 tak by to mohla b�t doslova ot�zka �ivota a smrti. 1055 01:07:37,900 --> 01:07:39,453 Mysl�m, �e nen� cesty zp�tky. 1056 01:07:43,010 --> 01:07:44,910 V�, co je to Turing�v test? 1057 01:07:46,460 --> 01:07:49,890 Jde o to, �e �lov�k jedn� s po��ta�em 1058 01:07:49,890 --> 01:07:52,473 a pokud �lov�k nepozn�, �e jedn� s po��ta�em, 1059 01:07:52,673 --> 01:07:54,693 tak ten test usp�l. 1060 01:07:55,680 --> 01:07:57,120 B�hem n�kolika dal��ch dn� 1061 01:07:58,210 --> 01:08:00,670 bude� lidsk� ��st Turingova testu. 1062 01:08:00,670 --> 01:08:01,900 No, do prdele! 1063 01:08:01,900 --> 01:08:03,963 P�esn� tak, Calebe. Zvl�dl jsi to. 1064 01:08:05,010 --> 01:08:09,172 Proto�e pokud ten test usp�je, tak ty 1065 01:08:09,172 --> 01:08:11,800 bude� v samotn�m centru nejv�t�� v�deck� ud�losti 1066 01:08:11,800 --> 01:08:13,880 v d�jin�ch lidstva. 1067 01:08:13,880 --> 01:08:15,560 Jestli jste stvo�il stroj s v�dom�m, 1068 01:08:15,560 --> 01:08:17,113 tak to nejsou d�jiny lidstva. 1069 01:08:18,560 --> 01:08:20,023 Jsou to d�jiny boh�. 1070 01:08:27,810 --> 01:08:30,610 Je to t�m�� jako by technologie byla bohem sama o sob�. 1071 01:08:34,150 --> 01:08:36,280 Jako po�as�. Nem��eme ho ovlivnit, 1072 01:08:36,280 --> 01:08:37,490 nem��eme ho zpomalit, 1073 01:08:37,490 --> 01:08:38,390 nem��eme ho zastavit. 1074 01:08:40,550 --> 01:08:42,893 C�t�me se bezmocn�. 1075 01:08:44,670 --> 01:08:46,910 Uva�ujeme-li o Bohu, je to nekone�n� mno�stv� 1076 01:08:46,910 --> 01:08:47,780 inteligence. 1077 01:08:47,780 --> 01:08:50,345 Nejv�c se tomu m��eme p�ibl�it tak, �e roz����me 1078 01:08:50,345 --> 01:08:52,518 svou inteligenci slou�en�m 1079 01:08:52,518 --> 01:08:55,033 s um�lou inteligenc�, kterou vytv���me. 1080 01:08:56,510 --> 01:08:59,770 Dnes n�m na�e po��ta�e, na�e telefony, aplikace, 1081 01:08:59,770 --> 01:09:01,453 d�vaj� nadlidsk� schopnosti. 1082 01:09:02,580 --> 01:09:05,530 Tak�e, jak ��k� jeden star� v�rok, kdy� je nem��e� porazit, p�idej se k nim. 1083 01:09:07,830 --> 01:09:10,890 Je to o partnerstv� �lov�ka a stroje. 1084 01:09:10,890 --> 01:09:12,352 Mysl�m, �e u� to vid�me. 1085 01:09:12,370 --> 01:09:13,870 Nap��klad na�e telefony. 1086 01:09:13,870 --> 01:09:15,880 Funguj� jako pam�ov� prot�za, �e? 1087 01:09:15,880 --> 01:09:17,760 Nemus�m si pamatovat va�e telefonn� ��slo, 1088 01:09:17,760 --> 01:09:20,090 proto�e ho m�m v telefonu. 1089 01:09:20,090 --> 01:09:22,990 Je to o stroj�ch, kter� roz�i�uj� lidsk� schopnosti 1090 01:09:22,990 --> 01:09:25,290 nam�sto toho, aby je naprosto nahrazovaly. 1091 01:09:26,210 --> 01:09:28,000 Pokud se pod�v�te na v�echny objekty, 1092 01:09:28,000 --> 01:09:30,980 kter� pokro�ily od analogov�ch k digit�ln�m za posledn�ch 20 let, 1093 01:09:30,980 --> 01:09:31,813 tak je to spousta. 1094 01:09:33,010 --> 01:09:36,329 Jsme posledn� analogick� objekty v digit�ln�m vesm�ru. 1095 01:09:36,329 --> 01:09:37,770 A probl�m v tom cel�m samoz�ejm� je, 1096 01:09:37,770 --> 01:09:41,490 �e m�me velmi limitovan� vstup a v�stup dat. 1097 01:09:41,490 --> 01:09:42,933 Je to tohle a tohle. 1098 01:09:44,930 --> 01:09:45,830 Na�e o�i jsou docela dobr�. 1099 01:09:45,830 --> 01:09:48,330 Dok�eme vn�mat spoustu vizu�ln�ch informac�. 1100 01:09:49,627 --> 01:09:53,480 Na�e mo�nosti v�stupu informac� jsou ale velmi, velmi, velmi omezen�. 1101 01:09:53,480 --> 01:09:56,827 D�vodem pro� je tohle d�le�it� je, �e pokud si p�edstav�me sc�n��, 1102 01:09:56,827 --> 01:09:59,719 kde UI hraje d�le�it�j�� roli ve spole�nosti, 1103 01:09:59,719 --> 01:10:02,960 tak chceme dobr� zp�sob, jak interagovat s touto technologi�, 1104 01:10:02,960 --> 01:10:05,513 tak�e to skon�� na��m roz���en�m. 1105 01:10:09,726 --> 01:10:10,559 Mysl�m, �e je velmi d�le�it�, 1106 01:10:10,559 --> 01:10:14,283 abychom ned�lali UI z n��eho jin�ho - mus�me to b�t my. 1107 01:10:15,810 --> 01:10:18,310 A mo�n� se m�l�m v tom, co te� �eknu, 1108 01:10:20,070 --> 01:10:21,800 ale jsem skute�n� otev�en� n�pad�m, pokud n�kdo 1109 01:10:21,800 --> 01:10:23,780 navrhne zp�sob, kter� je lep��. 1110 01:10:25,360 --> 01:10:27,340 Mysl�m si ale, �e se budeme opravdu muset bu�to 1111 01:10:27,340 --> 01:10:28,953 spojit s UI nebo budeme zanech�ni napospas. 1112 01:10:37,330 --> 01:10:39,710 Je t�k� p�edstavit si vypnut� syst�mu, 1113 01:10:39,710 --> 01:10:42,750 kter� je roz���en� v�ude po planet�. 1114 01:10:42,750 --> 01:10:46,590 Je nyn� distribuov�n nap��� sol�rn�m syst�mem. 1115 01:10:46,590 --> 01:10:48,590 Nem��ete to prost� jen tak vypnout. 1116 01:10:50,610 --> 01:10:51,960 Otev�eli jsme Pando�inu sk��nku. 1117 01:10:51,960 --> 01:10:55,663 Vypustili jsme s�ly, kter� nedok�eme ovl�dat ani zastavit. 1118 01:10:56,630 --> 01:10:58,190 Jsme v podstat� uprost�ed utv��en� 1119 01:10:58,190 --> 01:11:00,486 zcela nov� �ivo�i�n� formy na Zemi. 1120 01:11:06,960 --> 01:11:08,620 Nev�me, co se bude d�t d�l, 1121 01:11:08,620 --> 01:11:11,837 nev�me, jak bude vypadat intelekt stroje, 1122 01:11:12,037 --> 01:11:15,490 proto�e tento intelekt dalece p�ekra�uje lidsk� schopnosti. 1123 01:11:15,490 --> 01:11:17,573 Je to prost� n�co, co zat�m nen� mo�n�. 1124 01:11:25,690 --> 01:11:28,130 Nejm�n� d�siv� budoucnost, kterou si dok�u p�edstavit je ta, 1125 01:11:28,130 --> 01:11:30,080 ve kter� m�me alespo� zlidov�lou UI, 1126 01:11:32,480 --> 01:11:34,911 proto�e pokud jedna spole�nost nebo skupinka lid� 1127 01:11:35,111 --> 01:11:37,953 zvl�dne vyvinout bo�skou super inteligenci, 1128 01:11:38,153 --> 01:11:39,503 tak by mohli ovl�dnout sv�t. 1129 01:11:41,240 --> 01:11:43,360 Pokud m�te zl�ho dikt�tora, 1130 01:11:43,360 --> 01:11:45,300 tak ten aspo� jednou um�e, 1131 01:11:45,300 --> 01:11:47,930 ale u UI nebude ��dn� smrt. 1132 01:11:47,930 --> 01:11:49,080 Bude ��t nav�dy. 1133 01:11:50,380 --> 01:11:52,850 A pak budeme m�t nesmrteln�ho dikt�tora, 1134 01:11:52,850 --> 01:11:54,667 p�ed kter�m nebudeme moct uniknout. 1135 01:13:19,325 --> 01:13:26,121 HONBA ZA UM�LOU INTELIGENC� JE MULTIMILIARDOV� BYZNYS. 1136 01:13:26,321 --> 01:13:32,754 S T�M�� ��DN�MI OMEZEN�MI. 1137 01:13:34,455 --> 01:13:39,090 na�asoval a p�elo�il -=tkimitkiy=- 1138 01:14:26,066 --> 01:14:29,988 V�NOV�NO PAM�TCE STEPHENA HAWKINGA 1139 01:14:30,188 --> 01:14:31,315 (1942 - 2018) 1140 01:14:31,315 --> 01:14:35,000 www.Titulky.com 103221

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