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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:06,374 --> 00:00:09,708 Narrator: Egypt, the richest source of 2 00:00:09,744 --> 00:00:12,478 Archaeological treasures on the planet. 3 00:00:13,581 --> 00:00:16,281 Ahmed: Oh, wow! Look at that! 4 00:00:17,885 --> 00:00:21,520 Narrator: Hidden beneath this desert landscape lie the 5 00:00:21,555 --> 00:00:25,090 Secrets of this ancient civilization. 6 00:00:25,126 --> 00:00:27,459 (speaking in native language). 7 00:00:27,495 --> 00:00:29,528 Alejandro: I have never seen something like this. 8 00:00:29,563 --> 00:00:32,531 Narrator: Now, for a full season of excavations, 9 00:00:32,566 --> 00:00:36,435 Our cameras have been given unprecedented access to follow 10 00:00:36,470 --> 00:00:39,271 Teams on the frontline of archaeology. 11 00:00:41,208 --> 00:00:43,709 Myriam: This is the most critical moment. 12 00:00:45,312 --> 00:00:46,979 Narrator: Revealing buried treasures. 13 00:00:47,014 --> 00:00:48,013 Salima: Oh! 14 00:00:48,049 --> 00:00:49,848 Ahmed: We were lucky today. 15 00:00:49,884 --> 00:00:52,284 Nozomu: Wow! Lots of mummies! 16 00:00:52,319 --> 00:00:54,219 Kathleen: The smell is horrible! 17 00:00:54,255 --> 00:00:57,956 Narrator: And making discoveries that could rewrite ancient history. 18 00:00:57,992 --> 00:01:01,326 John: We've never had the proof until now. 19 00:01:01,929 --> 00:01:05,130 Colleen: This is where it all started. 20 00:01:05,166 --> 00:01:07,566 Alejandro: My goodness, I never expected this. 21 00:01:10,538 --> 00:01:13,772 Narrator: This time we unlock the secrets of 22 00:01:13,808 --> 00:01:16,442 Tutankhamun's golden treasures. 23 00:01:20,147 --> 00:01:21,847 Narrator: Uncovering the mysteries buried with 24 00:01:21,882 --> 00:01:23,649 The boy king, almost 25 00:01:23,684 --> 00:01:26,385 Three-and-a-half-thousand years ago. 26 00:01:27,221 --> 00:01:29,221 Alejandro: Definitely, we have something. 27 00:01:29,256 --> 00:01:31,790 Narrator: Alejandro searches for the tombs belonging to the 28 00:01:31,826 --> 00:01:33,425 Rulers of the south, 29 00:01:33,461 --> 00:01:35,561 Who would have served the great pharaohs. 30 00:01:35,596 --> 00:01:37,162 Alejandro: It's amazing. 31 00:01:37,198 --> 00:01:39,431 Narrator: John and maria head into the desert, 32 00:01:39,467 --> 00:01:42,768 Hunting for the lost quarries of tutankhamun. 33 00:01:43,504 --> 00:01:45,237 John: My heart is pumping, yeah! 34 00:01:45,272 --> 00:01:47,339 It's pumping. 35 00:01:47,374 --> 00:01:50,342 Narrator: And nozomu pushes excavation to the limit to 36 00:01:50,377 --> 00:01:53,946 Uncover the lost tombs of tutankhamun's elite. 37 00:01:53,981 --> 00:01:56,081 Nozomu: It's really dangerous inside. 38 00:01:57,785 --> 00:02:01,687 (theme music plays). 39 00:02:09,096 --> 00:02:11,697 Narrator: Egypt. 40 00:02:11,732 --> 00:02:15,634 Birthplace of one of the most enigmatic civilizations in history. 41 00:02:18,139 --> 00:02:21,740 The pyramid tombs, and the valley of the kings. 42 00:02:22,543 --> 00:02:26,145 The final resting places of powerful pharaohs. 43 00:02:27,047 --> 00:02:30,149 Of the possible 63 tombs in the valley, 44 00:02:30,184 --> 00:02:33,418 There is one that outshines the rest, 45 00:02:33,454 --> 00:02:37,089 And has captured the world's imagination. 46 00:02:37,124 --> 00:02:39,491 The tomb of tutankhamun. 47 00:02:42,696 --> 00:02:46,465 The boy king was just 18 years old when he died, 48 00:02:46,500 --> 00:02:49,501 But his priceless golden treasures have made him the 49 00:02:49,537 --> 00:02:52,738 Most famous pharaoh of all time. 50 00:02:53,774 --> 00:02:57,743 His funerary riches have been displayed all over the world, 51 00:02:57,778 --> 00:03:01,446 But now they are all coming back to egypt. 52 00:03:04,718 --> 00:03:10,189 Cairo, in the shadows of the great pyramids. 53 00:03:11,959 --> 00:03:15,127 Engineers are building a $1 billion museum 54 00:03:15,162 --> 00:03:17,796 And research facility. 55 00:03:20,767 --> 00:03:24,303 The grand egyptian museum will house all tutankhamun's 56 00:03:24,338 --> 00:03:27,639 5,000 treasures in one place, 57 00:03:27,675 --> 00:03:30,776 For the first time in 100 years. 58 00:03:33,948 --> 00:03:36,648 One of the centerpieces of the museum, 59 00:03:36,684 --> 00:03:39,851 Will be tutankhamun's golden coffin. 60 00:03:44,091 --> 00:03:47,926 Ahmed abdrabou is leading the research process to get it ready. 61 00:04:03,510 --> 00:04:06,144 Narrator: The coffin was one of many priceless treasures 62 00:04:06,180 --> 00:04:08,747 Found in tutankhamun's tomb. 63 00:04:10,117 --> 00:04:14,820 When howard carter's team opened the tomb in November 1922, 64 00:04:14,855 --> 00:04:18,156 They discovered a wealth of treasures and gifts the king 65 00:04:18,192 --> 00:04:20,459 Would need in the afterlife. 66 00:04:20,494 --> 00:04:24,062 Six disassembled golden chariots, 67 00:04:24,098 --> 00:04:27,532 His throne and provisions of food and wine. 68 00:04:29,169 --> 00:04:33,171 Concealed behind a false wall was a stone sarcophagus 69 00:04:33,207 --> 00:04:35,874 Protecting a gold-plated coffin. 70 00:04:38,612 --> 00:04:41,246 Inside it, two more coffins, 71 00:04:41,282 --> 00:04:44,716 The innermost made of solid gold and covered in gemstones. 72 00:04:45,486 --> 00:04:49,087 And inside that, the mummy of tutankhamun, 73 00:04:49,123 --> 00:04:51,323 Wearing a magnificent death mask, 74 00:04:51,358 --> 00:04:54,559 The most famous find in all of egypt. 75 00:04:57,731 --> 00:05:01,099 Ahmed needs to discover how the ancient artisans built 76 00:05:01,135 --> 00:05:04,770 Tutankhamun's golden coffin. 77 00:05:04,805 --> 00:05:06,938 The inside is made of wood, 78 00:05:06,974 --> 00:05:11,076 But the outside is covered with a thin layer of precious gold. 79 00:05:23,157 --> 00:05:24,656 Narrator: Under the lens, 80 00:05:24,692 --> 00:05:27,292 Ahmed discovers an extraordinary secret. 81 00:05:38,038 --> 00:05:42,407 Narrator: The ancient artisans could craft gold as thin as shrink wrap, 82 00:05:42,443 --> 00:05:44,609 But to get a flawless finish, 83 00:05:44,645 --> 00:05:46,978 They could not apply the gold directly on to the 84 00:05:47,014 --> 00:05:49,881 Uneven chiseled wood. 85 00:05:50,718 --> 00:05:55,787 Ahmed investigates closer and finds a mystery layer 86 00:05:55,823 --> 00:05:58,223 Between the gold and the wood. 87 00:06:03,063 --> 00:06:06,598 Narrator: Ahmed finds a 3,300-year-old secret, 88 00:06:06,633 --> 00:06:10,035 Known only to the top craftsmen closest to the king. 89 00:06:18,812 --> 00:06:21,646 Narrator: The ancient craftsmen used linen bandages 90 00:06:21,682 --> 00:06:24,416 To smooth out the jagged wood and create a perfect 91 00:06:24,451 --> 00:06:27,619 Finish for the thin gold. 92 00:06:27,654 --> 00:06:30,255 Almost three and a half thousand years later, 93 00:06:30,290 --> 00:06:33,692 We are still solving the mysteries of tutankhamun. 94 00:06:34,495 --> 00:06:37,396 Ahmed is on the hunt for more clues. 95 00:06:39,032 --> 00:06:42,768 425 miles south of cairo is the ancient 96 00:06:42,803 --> 00:06:45,370 Stronghold of aswan. 97 00:06:45,973 --> 00:06:49,708 It's here tutankhamun would have positioned his most trusted governors 98 00:06:49,743 --> 00:06:52,110 To defend the southern border between 99 00:06:52,146 --> 00:06:54,946 Egypt and gold rich nubia. 100 00:06:54,982 --> 00:06:56,381 (speaking in native language). 101 00:06:56,417 --> 00:06:58,450 Narrator: Professor alejandro jimenez-serrano... 102 00:06:58,852 --> 00:07:01,386 (speaking spanish). 103 00:07:01,789 --> 00:07:03,855 Narrator: Is back for his 12th season, 104 00:07:03,891 --> 00:07:06,491 At the ancient site of qubbet el-hawa, 105 00:07:06,527 --> 00:07:09,361 In search of the elite that once ruled here. 106 00:07:09,797 --> 00:07:11,430 Alejandro: What we have is the tombs of 107 00:07:11,465 --> 00:07:14,299 The highest officials of the province. 108 00:07:14,334 --> 00:07:16,001 Not only the officials, 109 00:07:16,036 --> 00:07:19,137 But also their family and their assistants. 110 00:07:20,841 --> 00:07:22,607 Narrator: For 16 years of his career, 111 00:07:22,643 --> 00:07:25,444 Alejandro has been studying the tombs of the ruling 112 00:07:25,479 --> 00:07:27,646 Families of the south. 113 00:07:27,681 --> 00:07:29,815 They would have served the powerful pharaohs, 114 00:07:29,850 --> 00:07:31,850 Like tutankhamun. 115 00:07:31,885 --> 00:07:36,354 In 2017, he found the tomb of the brother of sarenput ii, 116 00:07:36,390 --> 00:07:39,458 A powerful governor of aswan. 117 00:07:39,493 --> 00:07:41,793 Now, alejandro is back, 118 00:07:41,829 --> 00:07:45,497 In search of new evidence about this powerful clan. 119 00:07:48,435 --> 00:07:50,569 (speaking spanish). 120 00:07:50,604 --> 00:07:52,938 Alejandro: It seems that we have something interesting. 121 00:07:52,973 --> 00:07:55,173 Let's go. 122 00:07:56,944 --> 00:08:00,078 Narrator: This could be the discovery he has been waiting for. 123 00:08:00,614 --> 00:08:02,514 Alejandro: It is exciting. 124 00:08:07,721 --> 00:08:10,088 Narrator: 40 miles north of aswan, 125 00:08:10,123 --> 00:08:13,859 Sit the sandstone quarries of gebel el-silsila, 126 00:08:13,894 --> 00:08:17,028 Used by the great pharaohs. 127 00:08:18,799 --> 00:08:21,600 The enormous temples of luxor and karnak were 128 00:08:21,635 --> 00:08:24,336 Forged from rock quarried there. 129 00:08:28,275 --> 00:08:31,109 John: Schol! Group: Schol! 130 00:08:32,579 --> 00:08:35,213 Narrator: John ward and dr maria nilsson have been 131 00:08:35,249 --> 00:08:39,217 Excavating together here for eight years. 132 00:08:39,253 --> 00:08:41,820 Their home is a houseboat on the nile. 133 00:08:41,855 --> 00:08:43,221 John: Nils, what about you mate? 134 00:08:43,257 --> 00:08:45,524 Narrator: They are working with a team of archaeologists 135 00:08:45,559 --> 00:08:49,928 To investigate the secrets of the ancient egyptian quarries. 136 00:08:49,963 --> 00:08:52,697 This year, john and maria, 137 00:08:52,733 --> 00:08:55,734 With their fittingly named dog, carter, 138 00:08:55,769 --> 00:08:58,803 Want to solve an ancient mystery. 139 00:08:59,706 --> 00:09:03,241 Was tutankhamun also one of the powerful pharaohs 140 00:09:03,277 --> 00:09:05,844 Who used these quarries? 141 00:09:08,315 --> 00:09:10,515 John: There's always a delay. 142 00:09:10,551 --> 00:09:13,051 Narrator: Today, they need to get to a remote spot 143 00:09:13,086 --> 00:09:16,321 In the vast egyptian desert with their workforce, 144 00:09:16,356 --> 00:09:18,924 But their morning commute across the river nile is 145 00:09:18,959 --> 00:09:21,993 Eating into precious sunlight hours. 146 00:09:22,029 --> 00:09:24,563 Maria: 28 minutes late already. 147 00:09:24,598 --> 00:09:26,631 Every minute that we stand here waiting is a 148 00:09:26,667 --> 00:09:29,134 Lost minute on site. 149 00:09:30,137 --> 00:09:32,504 Narrator: Workers finally on shore, 150 00:09:32,539 --> 00:09:36,074 The hunt for tutankhamun's lost quarry begins. 151 00:09:42,649 --> 00:09:44,182 John: Another day in paradise. 152 00:09:44,217 --> 00:09:46,484 Sun, sand. 153 00:09:46,520 --> 00:09:49,521 Maria: Dirt. John: Dirt. Stone. 154 00:09:49,556 --> 00:09:52,657 Boiled eggs and cucumber. 155 00:09:57,698 --> 00:10:00,599 Narrator: Their journey by road ends here. 156 00:10:01,401 --> 00:10:03,301 To reach their destination, 157 00:10:03,337 --> 00:10:05,737 They will have to carry their equipment by hand, 158 00:10:05,772 --> 00:10:08,506 In 100 degree heat, 159 00:10:08,542 --> 00:10:11,977 And across half a mile of steep, rocky hills. 160 00:10:12,879 --> 00:10:15,480 John: Okay then guys, are you ready? 161 00:10:15,515 --> 00:10:18,083 Man: Yeah. John: Yalla bina. Man: Yalla bina. 162 00:10:21,288 --> 00:10:23,822 Narrator: Their late arrival means john and maria will have 163 00:10:23,857 --> 00:10:27,325 To split up to cover the massive site before it gets dark. 164 00:10:36,703 --> 00:10:40,105 John is going to look for evidence of quarry workers homes. 165 00:10:41,108 --> 00:10:42,641 Maria: Ready? 166 00:10:42,676 --> 00:10:45,377 Narrator: While maria hunts for clues that might date this 167 00:10:45,412 --> 00:10:48,113 Site to tutankhamun's reign. 168 00:10:48,148 --> 00:10:52,550 Maria: I think the game of today is to establish 169 00:10:52,586 --> 00:10:55,987 That this is from the time of tutankhamun. 170 00:10:56,023 --> 00:10:57,889 John: Come on then guys. 171 00:10:57,924 --> 00:10:59,691 Narrator: John heads straight for an ancient 172 00:10:59,726 --> 00:11:03,628 Settlement maybe once used by a quarry workforce. 173 00:11:04,131 --> 00:11:06,865 If he can find distinctive pottery with the tell-tale 174 00:11:06,900 --> 00:11:10,669 Markings, it could help him date the site. 175 00:11:10,704 --> 00:11:12,337 John: Look at the amount of pottery on the floor. 176 00:11:12,372 --> 00:11:13,972 Trish: This is where we should excavate. 177 00:11:14,007 --> 00:11:16,207 Maria: Where's the safest route down? 178 00:11:16,243 --> 00:11:18,543 Narrator: While maria starts her hunt for clues at 179 00:11:18,578 --> 00:11:21,913 A quarry face that has been untouched for millennia. 180 00:11:24,818 --> 00:11:28,153 40 miles south of gebel el-silsila, in aswan, 181 00:11:28,955 --> 00:11:33,024 Workers excavating close to governor sarenput ii tomb, 182 00:11:33,060 --> 00:11:35,393 Find ancient chisel marks. 183 00:11:35,429 --> 00:11:38,697 Alejandro: Here there is something that is quite strange, 184 00:11:38,732 --> 00:11:44,769 Because we have a type of carving and this is smoother. 185 00:11:46,807 --> 00:11:50,942 So this early we have no idea what we are going to find. 186 00:11:53,246 --> 00:11:56,981 Hey, hey, hey, look! 187 00:11:57,017 --> 00:11:59,217 Sand is going down, 188 00:11:59,252 --> 00:12:02,887 Probably indicating that here we have a hole. 189 00:12:06,960 --> 00:12:10,295 I've seen this only when we have a funerary chamber there. 190 00:12:12,032 --> 00:12:14,666 Narrator: It could be a tomb... 191 00:12:16,436 --> 00:12:19,637 But is there any treasure buried beneath the golden sand? 192 00:12:33,320 --> 00:12:35,720 To dig through before they can uncover what is hiding 193 00:12:35,756 --> 00:12:39,491 In this corner of qubbet el-hawa. 194 00:12:39,526 --> 00:12:41,993 Alejandro: We can see only a smooth carving 195 00:12:42,028 --> 00:12:46,664 Of 10 centimeters and now we have 30 centimeters. 196 00:12:47,667 --> 00:12:50,068 Narrator: If it's a tomb, it could belong to a leading 197 00:12:50,103 --> 00:12:53,938 Member of one of egypt's most influential families. 198 00:12:55,075 --> 00:13:00,945 Alejandro: Ah, look! Yeah, ha-ha! 199 00:13:02,582 --> 00:13:06,384 Look at that, it probably it would be a chamber. 200 00:13:07,487 --> 00:13:10,822 We still have much material to remove, 201 00:13:10,857 --> 00:13:15,059 But sure we have the burial chamber. 202 00:13:20,367 --> 00:13:25,036 Narrator: Just 55 yards away lies the tomb of the head of a powerful family, 203 00:13:25,071 --> 00:13:28,940 Sarenput ii, the governor of aswan. 204 00:13:29,876 --> 00:13:32,644 Is it possible that the tomb alejandro is unearthing 205 00:13:32,679 --> 00:13:36,514 Nearby, could belong to someone as prominent? 206 00:13:38,985 --> 00:13:42,720 Alejandro: This tomb shows the grandeur of the governors, 207 00:13:42,756 --> 00:13:46,057 They wanted to show their power. 208 00:13:48,762 --> 00:13:53,231 Narrator: Sarenput ii was a rich and influential leader. 209 00:13:56,903 --> 00:13:59,103 He was an important chief from aswan, 210 00:13:59,139 --> 00:14:04,509 Part of a ruling class of commanding and wealthy families. 211 00:14:08,515 --> 00:14:10,148 From an island on the nile, 212 00:14:10,183 --> 00:14:12,951 They controlled the gateway to africa and 213 00:14:12,986 --> 00:14:16,254 Guarded important trade rules along the nile into egypt. 214 00:14:19,125 --> 00:14:23,027 African traders brought in luxury goods for the pharaohs, 215 00:14:23,063 --> 00:14:24,262 Such as ebony, 216 00:14:24,297 --> 00:14:27,332 Leopard skins and ostrich eggs. 217 00:14:28,468 --> 00:14:30,368 But most importantly of all, 218 00:14:30,403 --> 00:14:33,705 They brought in gold from nubia that filled the tombs 219 00:14:33,740 --> 00:14:37,775 Of the mighty pharaohs, including tutankhamun. 220 00:14:41,581 --> 00:14:43,882 (speaking in native language). 221 00:14:43,917 --> 00:14:47,418 Narrator: Just yards away from sarenput ii burial chamber. 222 00:14:47,420 --> 00:14:48,586 Alejandro: Ok. 223 00:14:48,622 --> 00:14:51,155 Narrator: Alejandro's team excavates a tiny hole into 224 00:14:51,191 --> 00:14:53,391 Their ancient tomb. 225 00:14:53,426 --> 00:14:55,426 Alejandro: Here we have some termites; 226 00:14:55,462 --> 00:14:58,196 This is good evidence because they are always 227 00:14:58,231 --> 00:15:01,065 Looking for the coffins. 228 00:15:07,173 --> 00:15:09,941 These are the great moments. 229 00:15:11,711 --> 00:15:15,513 Narrator: Finally, this tomb can give up its secrets. 230 00:15:19,953 --> 00:15:25,290 Alejandro: It's amazing. Some bandages, some bones. 231 00:15:26,660 --> 00:15:31,429 We have the closing slab over there. 232 00:15:33,433 --> 00:15:36,200 It's very well made, it's huge. 233 00:15:36,236 --> 00:15:39,804 Narrator: Alejandro can see just the top of the tomb. 234 00:15:39,839 --> 00:15:42,073 It will take his team days to excavate and 235 00:15:42,108 --> 00:15:44,709 To discover its treasures. 236 00:15:47,213 --> 00:15:50,381 400 miles north in saqqara. 237 00:15:51,351 --> 00:15:54,886 Tutankhamun expert, professor nozomu kawai, 238 00:15:54,921 --> 00:15:56,688 Is back for his third season, 239 00:15:56,723 --> 00:15:58,923 Excavating the saqqara plateau. 240 00:15:58,959 --> 00:16:01,259 Nozomu: We just keep digging. 241 00:16:01,294 --> 00:16:04,095 Narrator: He is looking for the tombs of the elite, 242 00:16:04,130 --> 00:16:06,831 Who would have served tutankhamun. 243 00:16:06,866 --> 00:16:08,933 An untouched tomb in this area could hold 244 00:16:08,969 --> 00:16:11,302 Priceless golden treasure. 245 00:16:11,338 --> 00:16:15,173 Nozomu: This is at the center of the administration in economy, 246 00:16:15,208 --> 00:16:18,476 But the tombs of the high officials who are running the country, 247 00:16:18,511 --> 00:16:21,145 Has been missing. 248 00:16:21,982 --> 00:16:25,817 Narrator: Nozomu found the entrance to what he hopes is a tomb. 249 00:16:25,852 --> 00:16:29,787 This year he intends to go further and enter it. 250 00:16:30,790 --> 00:16:34,425 Nozomu: The entrance, it's covered with bricks. 251 00:16:37,697 --> 00:16:39,297 Narrator: At the end of the tunnel, 252 00:16:39,332 --> 00:16:43,034 Nozumu finds a mud brick wall and a stela. 253 00:16:44,037 --> 00:16:47,972 An ancient inscribed stone, often commemorating the dead. 254 00:16:49,109 --> 00:16:53,144 It's a clue to what could lie beyond the brick wall. 255 00:16:53,179 --> 00:16:56,180 Nozomu: If we excavate underneath, 256 00:16:56,216 --> 00:16:59,283 We will probably find doorways. 257 00:16:59,319 --> 00:17:01,619 So, actually, the entrance is pretty much 258 00:17:01,654 --> 00:17:04,889 Covered with the sand and rubble at this moment. 259 00:17:06,426 --> 00:17:08,926 Narrator: It's a promising sign nozomu is on the verge 260 00:17:08,962 --> 00:17:11,729 Of a huge discovery. 261 00:17:11,765 --> 00:17:15,933 He knows this whole area houses burial chambers of the elite. 262 00:17:17,570 --> 00:17:20,104 And a few hundred yards away, is a clue from one of 263 00:17:20,140 --> 00:17:23,307 Tutankhamun's trusted servants. 264 00:17:26,946 --> 00:17:29,580 Archaeologists in 1996, 265 00:17:29,616 --> 00:17:33,384 Found a rocky ridge buried under the desert sand. 266 00:17:34,554 --> 00:17:38,056 Inside it, they uncovered a tomb. 267 00:17:38,091 --> 00:17:40,825 When they removed the sand from the entrance chamber, 268 00:17:40,860 --> 00:17:43,861 They revealed a stunning image on the wall. 269 00:17:43,897 --> 00:17:46,064 A young king tutankhamun, 270 00:17:46,099 --> 00:17:48,566 Sitting on the lap of a woman. 271 00:17:48,601 --> 00:17:50,501 They identified her as maia, 272 00:17:50,537 --> 00:17:53,037 A nurse who raised the boy king and 273 00:17:53,073 --> 00:17:55,940 This was her tomb. 274 00:17:55,975 --> 00:17:59,710 How many more of his closest allies lie undiscovered 275 00:17:59,746 --> 00:18:02,013 Inside the ridge? 276 00:18:06,086 --> 00:18:10,088 Nozomu's team carefully remove the stela. 277 00:18:11,825 --> 00:18:13,825 Nozomu: This is the first find of the project. 278 00:18:13,860 --> 00:18:15,893 We are really excited. 279 00:18:15,929 --> 00:18:18,229 Narrator: In the field research tent, 280 00:18:18,264 --> 00:18:21,099 Nozomu gets a closer look. 281 00:18:22,702 --> 00:18:25,103 The stela shows three gods, 282 00:18:25,138 --> 00:18:29,173 Sokar, thoth and anubis. 283 00:18:29,209 --> 00:18:32,944 They are gods sometimes associated with the underworld. 284 00:18:35,615 --> 00:18:38,216 And he's seen them somewhere before. 285 00:18:38,251 --> 00:18:41,819 On the back of the famous death mask of tutankhamun, 286 00:18:41,855 --> 00:18:45,656 Sokar and anubis are engraved in the hieroglyphs. 287 00:18:46,259 --> 00:18:49,427 Could this be another clue that behind the brick wall at 288 00:18:49,462 --> 00:18:52,630 The end of the tunnel, lies a tomb? 289 00:18:55,869 --> 00:19:00,605 375 miles south in the quarries of gebel el-silsila, 290 00:19:00,640 --> 00:19:03,674 John and maria are searching for evidence of 291 00:19:03,710 --> 00:19:06,911 The lost quarry of tutankhamun. 292 00:19:06,946 --> 00:19:09,714 John: Go into the fissure, go along it, 293 00:19:09,749 --> 00:19:11,649 Leave the big stone in situ. 294 00:19:11,684 --> 00:19:14,752 Narrator: But to confirm it is tutankhamun's quarry, 295 00:19:14,787 --> 00:19:17,188 They need to date it, 296 00:19:17,223 --> 00:19:20,224 And one way is to look for his distinctive style 297 00:19:20,260 --> 00:19:22,493 Of blue pottery. 298 00:19:22,529 --> 00:19:25,229 John: I need that to give me a definite chronology, 299 00:19:25,265 --> 00:19:28,766 To put this squarely within tutankhamun's period. 300 00:19:30,670 --> 00:19:33,337 Narrator: Maria searches for clues at a quarry face 301 00:19:33,373 --> 00:19:36,541 That has been abandoned for centuries. 302 00:19:36,576 --> 00:19:38,543 Maria: Sometimes an inscription can just pop out, 303 00:19:38,578 --> 00:19:40,278 Because the light is perfect. 304 00:19:40,313 --> 00:19:42,346 Narrator: She works with fellow archaeologist, 305 00:19:42,382 --> 00:19:44,382 Dr. Nils billing. 306 00:19:44,417 --> 00:19:47,852 Maria: We got an ankh right into it. 307 00:19:47,887 --> 00:19:49,987 Nils: Yeah. Where? 308 00:19:50,023 --> 00:19:52,823 Narrator: Ankh, means 'life' in ancient egyptian, 309 00:19:52,859 --> 00:19:56,994 And the sound is the middle part of tut-ankh-amun's name. 310 00:19:57,964 --> 00:20:01,699 Maria and nils need to find tutankhamun's complete name, 311 00:20:01,734 --> 00:20:04,735 Which they expect to be displayed on a royal seal, 312 00:20:04,771 --> 00:20:07,004 Known as a cartouche. 313 00:20:07,040 --> 00:20:10,107 If it exists here, it's proof this quarry was once 314 00:20:10,143 --> 00:20:13,177 Officially used by the boy king. 315 00:20:13,213 --> 00:20:16,514 Maria: Okay, so we know what level to search for, 316 00:20:16,549 --> 00:20:19,350 So let's just scout the area. 317 00:20:19,385 --> 00:20:21,552 Nils: Yo. 318 00:20:22,121 --> 00:20:24,355 Narrator: If they find it, it could mean that the young 319 00:20:24,390 --> 00:20:28,259 Tutankhamun was quarrying here for massive building projects, 320 00:20:28,294 --> 00:20:31,963 Previously unknown to archaeologists. 321 00:20:31,998 --> 00:20:36,067 Maria: Nils, over here! We got something. 322 00:20:47,180 --> 00:20:50,615 R hunt for evidence this ancient quarry, 323 00:20:50,650 --> 00:20:53,384 Hidden away in the deserts of the south of egypt, 324 00:20:53,419 --> 00:20:56,621 Was once used by tutankhamun. 325 00:20:57,457 --> 00:20:59,290 She searches for a cartouche, 326 00:20:59,325 --> 00:21:02,260 Used by pharaohs to mark their property. 327 00:21:03,162 --> 00:21:04,161 Maria: Yes! 328 00:21:04,197 --> 00:21:05,696 Narrator: A cartouche is not just a royal name 329 00:21:05,732 --> 00:21:07,732 Written in hieroglyphs. 330 00:21:07,767 --> 00:21:11,202 Ancient egyptians thought they had magical powers. 331 00:21:12,138 --> 00:21:17,174 In 1922, howard carter found a golden shrine in tutankhamun's tomb 332 00:21:17,210 --> 00:21:21,245 That contained vessels of mummified organs. 333 00:21:21,281 --> 00:21:24,482 On the inside chest, he discovered two cartouches, 334 00:21:24,517 --> 00:21:28,286 Believed to offer powerful protection from evil spirits. 335 00:21:29,188 --> 00:21:32,690 Seven hieroglyphs spell out tutankhamun's name. 336 00:21:33,559 --> 00:21:36,794 Three more spell: Ruler of thebes. 337 00:21:37,930 --> 00:21:39,964 On the second cartouche: 338 00:21:39,999 --> 00:21:42,300 The sun disk and the scarab beetle, 339 00:21:42,335 --> 00:21:46,937 Both symbols of immortality and rebirth. 340 00:21:46,973 --> 00:21:50,041 These powerful signs helped the pharaoh's spirit 341 00:21:50,076 --> 00:21:54,011 And soul find his body and resurrect him. 342 00:21:58,584 --> 00:22:02,520 At the quarry face, nils decodes the hieroglyphs. 343 00:22:03,222 --> 00:22:06,190 Nils: We have the name of tutankhamun. 344 00:22:06,225 --> 00:22:08,893 That is a loaf of bread, 345 00:22:08,928 --> 00:22:11,495 It has the phonetic value 't'. 346 00:22:11,531 --> 00:22:15,633 The bird is 'uh', then 'ankh'. 347 00:22:16,269 --> 00:22:18,536 Amun you can read here. 348 00:22:18,571 --> 00:22:21,739 A feather is the sign for 'a'. 349 00:22:21,774 --> 00:22:24,975 And this sign, which is the sign of a monument, 350 00:22:25,011 --> 00:22:28,145 And that is spelled 'men', 'a-men'. 351 00:22:28,681 --> 00:22:32,950 Tut-ankh-amun. 352 00:22:34,087 --> 00:22:36,420 Narrator: But something catches his eye. 353 00:22:36,456 --> 00:22:37,922 Nils: This waterline is an 'n', 354 00:22:37,957 --> 00:22:41,258 But actually they've added another 'n' here, 355 00:22:41,294 --> 00:22:43,994 Which is unusual, and then you would have expected 356 00:22:44,030 --> 00:22:47,698 Another 't' up here to fulfill the word, 357 00:22:47,700 --> 00:22:50,534 To make the word complete, 'tut'. 358 00:22:51,704 --> 00:22:54,939 Narrator: Have the team found tutankhamun's name... 359 00:22:54,974 --> 00:22:58,409 Or have they found ancient graffiti? 360 00:23:01,581 --> 00:23:05,850 375 miles north in saqqara. 361 00:23:05,885 --> 00:23:09,987 Nozomu hunts for the tombs of tutankhahun's 362 00:23:10,022 --> 00:23:12,957 Inner circle of advisors. 363 00:23:13,426 --> 00:23:16,927 His team is excavating what nozomu hopes is a tomb from 364 00:23:16,963 --> 00:23:19,764 The time of tutankhamun. 365 00:23:19,799 --> 00:23:22,933 If he is right, it will be the discovery of his career. 366 00:23:25,238 --> 00:23:27,838 And just yards away, outside the entrance, 367 00:23:27,874 --> 00:23:30,408 They have a promising discovery. 368 00:23:31,043 --> 00:23:34,912 Nozomu: We found three mummies this morning. 369 00:23:36,883 --> 00:23:41,152 Narrator: The mummies may reveal vital clues about the possible tomb. 370 00:23:41,187 --> 00:23:44,522 So nozomu works with mummy expert, 371 00:23:44,557 --> 00:23:48,058 Professor salima ikram, to decode what they could be. 372 00:23:49,195 --> 00:23:52,062 Salima: And the first thing to look at is this mummy. 373 00:23:52,098 --> 00:23:55,199 It's really very lovely. 374 00:23:56,335 --> 00:24:00,271 It's not oriented in the same way as the other ones. 375 00:24:01,307 --> 00:24:03,774 Narrator: At this site, most of the mummies heads 376 00:24:03,810 --> 00:24:05,543 Point to the south. 377 00:24:05,578 --> 00:24:08,946 This mummy's head, points to the north. 378 00:24:08,981 --> 00:24:10,714 Salima: Oh! 379 00:24:10,750 --> 00:24:14,452 And now we know why, because if you see here, 380 00:24:14,487 --> 00:24:19,590 You've got this band, this tape with these two red strips on either side, 381 00:24:20,493 --> 00:24:24,195 And this is very typical of the coptic period. 382 00:24:24,230 --> 00:24:27,898 Narrator: The coptic period is egypt's era of christianity, 383 00:24:27,967 --> 00:24:32,369 One-and-a-half-thousand years after the reign of tutankhamun. 384 00:24:32,405 --> 00:24:35,339 But nozomu needs to know if all the mummies here 385 00:24:35,374 --> 00:24:38,342 Are from this later period. 386 00:24:38,377 --> 00:24:41,812 The clues may be in how the mummies are prepared. 387 00:24:43,950 --> 00:24:46,183 Long before the pharaohs of egypt, 388 00:24:46,219 --> 00:24:48,819 Mummies happened naturally when dead bodies dried up in 389 00:24:48,855 --> 00:24:51,622 The hot egyptian desert. 390 00:24:51,657 --> 00:24:53,858 The early egyptian priests then started to deliberately 391 00:24:53,893 --> 00:24:56,126 Preserve the bodies of the dead pharaohs for the 392 00:24:56,162 --> 00:24:59,096 Afterlife, by covering them with a mixture of salts and 393 00:24:59,131 --> 00:25:01,065 Removing their brains, 394 00:25:01,100 --> 00:25:04,668 Guts and other internal organs. 395 00:25:05,471 --> 00:25:08,439 Mummification grew in sophistication over centuries, 396 00:25:08,474 --> 00:25:10,808 As priests stuffed the nose with seeds and replaced 397 00:25:10,843 --> 00:25:14,445 The eyes with onions to make them even more lifelike. 398 00:25:14,480 --> 00:25:18,215 But after the romans invaded egypt in 30 bc, 399 00:25:18,251 --> 00:25:21,652 More importance was placed on the appearance of coffins. 400 00:25:21,687 --> 00:25:24,188 As christianity spread across egypt, 401 00:25:24,223 --> 00:25:28,158 Mummification became more basic. 402 00:25:28,861 --> 00:25:32,029 Salima has a quick way to date this mummy. 403 00:25:32,064 --> 00:25:34,164 If the remains are salty, 404 00:25:34,200 --> 00:25:37,635 It means it could be an early egyptian style burial, 405 00:25:37,670 --> 00:25:40,704 When a lot of salt was used for preservation. 406 00:25:40,740 --> 00:25:42,640 Salima: Desiccation was minimal, 407 00:25:42,675 --> 00:25:46,343 But it's hard to tell, because the... 408 00:25:46,379 --> 00:25:48,312 The sand a bit salty. 409 00:25:48,347 --> 00:25:49,413 Nozomu: Yes. 410 00:25:49,448 --> 00:25:50,814 Salima: But, not enough for it... 411 00:25:50,850 --> 00:25:51,949 Nozomu: Yeah, yeah, we have crystals. 412 00:25:51,984 --> 00:25:54,552 Salima: To precipitate but, it wasn't very salted. 413 00:25:55,388 --> 00:25:59,223 Narrator: The lack of salt could mean this mummy is from the coptic period, 414 00:25:59,258 --> 00:26:01,759 When their simple mummification process did not 415 00:26:01,794 --> 00:26:03,861 Use as much salt. 416 00:26:03,896 --> 00:26:06,196 Salima: You also in egypt and at saqqara, 417 00:26:06,232 --> 00:26:07,831 Have a lot of reuse of tombs, 418 00:26:07,867 --> 00:26:09,466 But they don't throw people out, 419 00:26:09,502 --> 00:26:12,336 Because you might get a curse upon you. 420 00:26:12,371 --> 00:26:15,873 Narrator: This mummy shows that the saqqara necropolis 421 00:26:15,908 --> 00:26:19,410 Was used all the way from the time of king tutankhamun, 422 00:26:19,445 --> 00:26:22,446 Right up until the coptic period. 423 00:26:22,481 --> 00:26:25,749 But nozomu's potential tomb appears to be unopened and 424 00:26:25,785 --> 00:26:28,185 There is a chance the original occupant, 425 00:26:28,220 --> 00:26:30,154 Possibly from tutankhamun's reign, 426 00:26:30,189 --> 00:26:32,323 Is still there. 427 00:26:32,358 --> 00:26:34,992 Getting inside however is a huge challenge. 428 00:26:44,570 --> 00:26:46,837 Narrator: The ceiling is incredibly fragile and the 429 00:26:46,872 --> 00:26:49,273 Team worry it will collapse. 430 00:26:49,308 --> 00:26:54,011 Nozomu: If the humidity raises it's not good for the structure. 431 00:26:55,948 --> 00:26:58,115 Narrator: If they put one foot out of place, 432 00:26:58,150 --> 00:27:00,818 The tunnel might collapse on their heads. 433 00:27:12,665 --> 00:27:16,166 Narrator: In the lab of the new grand egyptian museum in cairo, 434 00:27:16,202 --> 00:27:19,637 An army of specialists are working around the clock 435 00:27:19,672 --> 00:27:23,674 To investigate and preserve tutankhamun's treasures. 436 00:27:24,543 --> 00:27:28,646 All 5,398 are set to go on display, 437 00:27:28,681 --> 00:27:31,649 Including a 3,300 year old chair, 438 00:27:31,684 --> 00:27:34,818 Once used by the boy king. 439 00:27:34,854 --> 00:27:38,722 It's down to ahmed el sheikha to restore it, 440 00:27:38,758 --> 00:27:40,758 Ready for museum visitors. 441 00:27:50,436 --> 00:27:52,503 Narrator: But all tutankhamun's treasures were 442 00:27:52,538 --> 00:27:55,406 Almost lost forever. 443 00:27:56,609 --> 00:27:58,709 When howard carter discovered the tomb, 444 00:27:58,744 --> 00:28:00,611 100 years ago, 445 00:28:00,646 --> 00:28:03,847 He found it had been broken into long before, 446 00:28:03,883 --> 00:28:06,283 But why did those first tomb raiders leave 447 00:28:06,318 --> 00:28:09,720 So much treasure behind? 448 00:28:14,126 --> 00:28:17,528 The robbers may have been the tomb builders themselves, 449 00:28:17,563 --> 00:28:20,764 Breaking in soon after sealing the tomb. 450 00:28:20,800 --> 00:28:23,801 They stole as much as they could carry. 451 00:28:23,836 --> 00:28:25,769 The theft was discovered and the shaft was filled 452 00:28:25,805 --> 00:28:29,873 With limestone chippings. 453 00:28:32,411 --> 00:28:34,478 But a second gang of robbers dug through the 454 00:28:34,513 --> 00:28:37,815 Rubble and carried away more of the riches. 455 00:28:37,850 --> 00:28:40,951 Then a flash flood dumped a thick layer of rocks over 456 00:28:40,986 --> 00:28:43,320 Tutankhamun's tomb, 457 00:28:43,355 --> 00:28:47,124 Protecting it for nearly three and a half thousand years. 458 00:28:49,662 --> 00:28:52,563 In the lab, ahmed is trying to save a chair, 459 00:28:52,598 --> 00:28:55,933 Once sat in by tutankhamun and he's discovered it's 460 00:28:55,968 --> 00:28:58,535 Made from a very fragile material. 461 00:29:06,412 --> 00:29:09,847 Narrator: After howard carter's team excavated these artifacts, 462 00:29:09,882 --> 00:29:11,949 They hoped to prevent decay, 463 00:29:11,984 --> 00:29:14,118 By coating them with paraffin wax. 464 00:29:24,430 --> 00:29:25,963 Narrator: 100 years on, 465 00:29:25,998 --> 00:29:28,799 The once soft wax has hardened and the papyrus 466 00:29:28,834 --> 00:29:31,201 Is starting to snap. 467 00:29:31,237 --> 00:29:35,272 Tutankhamun's ancient chair could break at any moment. 468 00:29:35,941 --> 00:29:39,743 Ahmed must act quickly to save this priceless artifact, 469 00:29:39,779 --> 00:29:41,645 But he faces a problem. 470 00:29:50,756 --> 00:29:53,757 Narrator: The wax has made the papyrus brittle. 471 00:29:53,793 --> 00:29:55,125 To save the chair, 472 00:29:55,161 --> 00:29:58,162 Ahmed must carefully remove the wax with a scalpel, 473 00:29:58,197 --> 00:30:00,697 But time is not on his side. 474 00:30:07,907 --> 00:30:10,440 Narrator: It's a painstaking task, 475 00:30:10,476 --> 00:30:13,844 But without the museums army of specialists, 476 00:30:13,879 --> 00:30:16,413 These artifacts would eventually disintegrate, 477 00:30:16,448 --> 00:30:19,149 And the treasures of tutankhamun would be lost 478 00:30:19,185 --> 00:30:23,453 Again and this time, forever. 479 00:30:25,825 --> 00:30:29,459 400 miles south in gebel el-silsila. 480 00:30:29,495 --> 00:30:31,128 Nils: This was not done in haste. 481 00:30:31,163 --> 00:30:32,162 Maria: No. 482 00:30:32,198 --> 00:30:33,964 Narrator: Maria and nils think they have found 483 00:30:33,999 --> 00:30:37,134 Tutankhamun's name carved into the quarry face. 484 00:30:37,169 --> 00:30:39,536 Maria: I find it intriguing. 485 00:30:39,572 --> 00:30:41,438 Narrator: But the spelling mistake has thrown the find 486 00:30:41,473 --> 00:30:43,340 Into doubt. 487 00:30:43,375 --> 00:30:46,577 Maria: If nils can confirm, then it is like a claim that 488 00:30:46,612 --> 00:30:50,414 Says that this quarry was used during the time of tutankhamun. 489 00:30:50,449 --> 00:30:54,318 Nils: It's made in the size that it actually should be seen. 490 00:30:54,353 --> 00:30:56,987 This is official. 491 00:30:57,022 --> 00:30:59,756 Narrator: Nils and maria are now convinced tutankhamun's 492 00:30:59,792 --> 00:31:02,826 Name was inscribed here officially. 493 00:31:02,862 --> 00:31:05,829 It is vital evidence he used the quarry. 494 00:31:08,267 --> 00:31:10,300 John: Just take this little bit here and just give 495 00:31:10,336 --> 00:31:12,669 A sweep and see what we got. 496 00:31:12,705 --> 00:31:15,672 Narrator: John looks for flashes of distinctive blue pottery, 497 00:31:15,708 --> 00:31:18,909 Pottery made in tutankhamun's reign. 498 00:31:18,944 --> 00:31:20,410 John: Start in this area here. 499 00:31:20,446 --> 00:31:22,646 Narrator: With this, he hopes to find a second way 500 00:31:22,681 --> 00:31:25,616 To date the site and prove this settlement was used by 501 00:31:25,651 --> 00:31:28,485 Tutankhamun's quarry workers. 502 00:31:29,221 --> 00:31:32,055 John: This is better, the smaller fragments is exactly 503 00:31:32,091 --> 00:31:34,291 What I'm after. 504 00:31:34,360 --> 00:31:36,727 Heavy foot traffic within the encampment itself, 505 00:31:36,762 --> 00:31:39,129 Showing that people were coming and going. 506 00:31:39,164 --> 00:31:41,865 Narrator: John has found small bits of broken pottery, 507 00:31:41,901 --> 00:31:44,668 Suggesting people once lived here, 508 00:31:44,703 --> 00:31:47,771 But not the tell-tale tutankhamun blue pottery. 509 00:31:47,806 --> 00:31:51,275 Maria: Where? Okay, hold on, follow, go, go! 510 00:31:51,310 --> 00:31:53,777 Narrator: But they do find something astonishing. 511 00:31:53,812 --> 00:31:55,412 John: My heart is pumping yeah! 512 00:31:55,447 --> 00:31:57,247 It's pumping. 513 00:31:57,283 --> 00:32:01,051 Narrator: A rare amulet shaped like a scarab beetle. 514 00:32:01,086 --> 00:32:05,522 Maria: Now, the reason why we are excited about 515 00:32:05,557 --> 00:32:11,695 Scarabs is of course that if you turn them and we got an imprint on them, 516 00:32:11,730 --> 00:32:16,366 Then that can give us a firm date. 517 00:32:17,069 --> 00:32:20,304 Narrator: The scarab beetle represented rebirth, 518 00:32:20,339 --> 00:32:24,942 So the ancient egyptians made scarab shaped amulets as lucky charms. 519 00:32:26,145 --> 00:32:31,048 They were made from stone, metal or even precious gems. 520 00:32:31,083 --> 00:32:33,583 John: This is what it's all about. 521 00:32:33,619 --> 00:32:35,986 Narrator: Scarabs were often inscribed with a depiction 522 00:32:36,021 --> 00:32:37,821 Or name of a god. 523 00:32:37,856 --> 00:32:41,959 The identity of the god could help date it. 524 00:32:43,662 --> 00:32:45,495 John: Oh. Are you ready? 525 00:32:45,531 --> 00:32:48,098 I'm gonna let you see it first. 526 00:32:49,268 --> 00:32:51,134 Maria: Okay, it's got a god. 527 00:32:51,170 --> 00:32:53,170 John: Okay. I gotta see it now! 528 00:32:53,205 --> 00:32:56,873 Yeah! Oh wow! 529 00:32:56,909 --> 00:33:01,678 Narrator: Can the scarab help prove this is tutankhamun's quarry? 530 00:33:11,557 --> 00:33:15,492 On the ancient scarab. 531 00:33:15,527 --> 00:33:17,894 John: We got a bit of glyph. Bit of glyph at the top. 532 00:33:17,930 --> 00:33:20,330 Oh. 533 00:33:20,366 --> 00:33:22,833 Narrator: They hope it can help them prove tutankhamun's 534 00:33:22,868 --> 00:33:25,435 Quarry workers once lived here. 535 00:33:25,504 --> 00:33:29,272 Maria: Probably horus, so it lies quite nicely in 536 00:33:29,308 --> 00:33:32,576 The time frame of tutankhamun. 537 00:33:33,746 --> 00:33:35,045 Look above us. 538 00:33:35,080 --> 00:33:37,948 Horus comes flying as we find it. 539 00:33:37,983 --> 00:33:40,217 Narrator: An engraving of an ancient egyptian god, 540 00:33:40,252 --> 00:33:43,987 Horus, could place the scarab in tutankhamun's reign. 541 00:33:44,857 --> 00:33:48,325 His rule brought with it religious transformation. 542 00:33:49,194 --> 00:33:52,796 Tutankhamun's father, the pharaoh akhenaten abandoned 543 00:33:52,831 --> 00:33:56,967 Egypt's old gods and decreed the worship of just one god, 544 00:33:57,002 --> 00:33:58,969 The sun god. 545 00:33:59,004 --> 00:34:01,671 But at the age of nine, tutankhamun became one of the 546 00:34:01,707 --> 00:34:04,074 Youngest pharaohs ever. 547 00:34:04,109 --> 00:34:06,710 He abolished the worship of a single sun god and 548 00:34:06,745 --> 00:34:10,613 Reinstated all the old egyptian gods, like horus, 549 00:34:10,616 --> 00:34:13,617 Under the rule of their king god amun. 550 00:34:14,787 --> 00:34:17,954 Maria and john's discovery of the sky god horus here 551 00:34:17,990 --> 00:34:21,992 Is a clue the site dates to tutankhamun's time. 552 00:34:22,027 --> 00:34:23,693 Maria: It is a great find. 553 00:34:23,729 --> 00:34:26,263 Can it get any better? 554 00:34:26,298 --> 00:34:29,099 Narrator: But maria and john need absolute proof this is a 555 00:34:29,134 --> 00:34:34,004 Tutankhamun site and continue their search for the tell-tale clue, 556 00:34:34,039 --> 00:34:37,507 Tutankhamun's distinctive style of blue pottery. 557 00:34:39,478 --> 00:34:41,711 40 miles south in aswan, 558 00:34:41,747 --> 00:34:44,981 Alejandro is back on site. 559 00:34:46,151 --> 00:34:48,552 He's hoping to discover more about the family of 560 00:34:48,587 --> 00:34:51,321 Governor sarenput ii. 561 00:34:52,524 --> 00:34:56,059 Alejandro's team has now excavated the discovered tomb 562 00:34:56,095 --> 00:34:59,396 And he can investigate it properly. 563 00:35:06,472 --> 00:35:09,439 The craftsmanship and location of the rock cut tomb 564 00:35:09,475 --> 00:35:12,943 Suggests this is the burial chamber of the elite. 565 00:35:15,714 --> 00:35:17,948 But there is no mummy. 566 00:35:17,983 --> 00:35:20,183 However, there are clues to who could have 567 00:35:20,219 --> 00:35:22,986 Been buried inside. 568 00:35:25,991 --> 00:35:29,192 Alejandro: These are the only remains that we found. 569 00:35:29,228 --> 00:35:31,428 Narrator: The team finds fragments at the bottom of the 570 00:35:31,463 --> 00:35:34,564 Tomb that may hold the key. 571 00:35:34,600 --> 00:35:37,601 These wooden shards are what's left of a coffin, 572 00:35:37,636 --> 00:35:41,471 But alejandro discovers unusual markings on them. 573 00:35:41,507 --> 00:35:45,342 Alejandro: I have just noticed the presence of a couple of eyes. 574 00:35:45,377 --> 00:35:48,712 Here we have one eye and another eye. 575 00:35:49,715 --> 00:35:52,149 Narrator: These eyes are 'wedjat' eyes, 576 00:35:52,184 --> 00:35:55,085 Meant to let the dead see outside the coffin and they 577 00:35:55,120 --> 00:35:58,355 Normally match exactly the size of the body inside. 578 00:35:59,825 --> 00:36:02,993 The small size and shape of the eyes tells alejandro who 579 00:36:03,028 --> 00:36:05,729 Possibly occupied the tomb. 580 00:36:05,764 --> 00:36:07,831 Alejandro: This is a coffin of a child. 581 00:36:07,866 --> 00:36:12,135 Very, very young, I would say, almost a baby. 582 00:36:14,273 --> 00:36:16,840 Narrator: With no more artifacts and without an 583 00:36:16,875 --> 00:36:21,278 Inscription to decipher, alejandro will never know the 584 00:36:21,313 --> 00:36:24,114 Name of the tomb's owner, 585 00:36:24,149 --> 00:36:26,616 But he can still decode more clues. 586 00:36:28,487 --> 00:36:30,987 Alejandro: Just from the colors and the type of wood, 587 00:36:31,023 --> 00:36:34,624 This coffin was prepared for a member of the elite. 588 00:36:34,660 --> 00:36:38,895 Narrator: Alejandro is closer to finding more of this powerful family. 589 00:36:39,698 --> 00:36:42,632 His search for the governing rulers of aswan and the pharaohs' 590 00:36:42,668 --> 00:36:46,636 Most trusted subjects continues. 591 00:36:48,307 --> 00:36:50,307 Alejandro: We do not have here tutankhamun but we 592 00:36:50,342 --> 00:36:53,243 Have some information which is in the end 593 00:36:53,278 --> 00:36:56,012 What we are looking for. 594 00:37:02,921 --> 00:37:05,889 Narrator: 400 miles north. 595 00:37:05,924 --> 00:37:08,758 In the labs of the grand egyptian museum. 596 00:37:09,828 --> 00:37:12,229 (speaking in native language). 597 00:37:12,264 --> 00:37:16,266 Narrator: Ahmed is working on one of tutankhamun's greatest treasures, 598 00:37:16,301 --> 00:37:19,269 A golden processional chariot. 599 00:37:19,304 --> 00:37:23,106 But like many of tutankhamun's treasures found by howard carter, 600 00:37:23,108 --> 00:37:26,376 It has also been preserved in wax. 601 00:37:26,411 --> 00:37:28,778 Ahmed needs to remove all the wax, 602 00:37:28,814 --> 00:37:32,816 But it has hardened to a brittle and precarious condition. 603 00:37:32,851 --> 00:37:36,853 The delicate gold layer beneath makes this a precarious task. 604 00:37:48,467 --> 00:37:52,302 Narrator: The task falls to conservation expert ahmed. 605 00:37:52,337 --> 00:37:56,640 He must make a special cleaning gel using ethanol 606 00:37:56,675 --> 00:37:59,743 Acetate and white spirit. 607 00:37:59,778 --> 00:38:02,145 The slightest error in the solution risks 608 00:38:02,180 --> 00:38:05,582 Irreparable damage to the precious chariot. 609 00:38:16,962 --> 00:38:19,195 Narrator: What should look like a thick gel, 610 00:38:19,231 --> 00:38:21,231 Has come out as a watery solution, 611 00:38:21,266 --> 00:38:23,633 Which could loosen more than just the wax. 612 00:38:32,344 --> 00:38:35,812 Narrator: Ahmed cannot risk damaging the chariot. 613 00:38:35,847 --> 00:38:39,015 All hopes are on the second batch. 614 00:38:50,195 --> 00:38:52,529 Narrator: It's a nerve jangling wait. 615 00:38:52,564 --> 00:38:54,664 If ahmed's got the mix wrong, 616 00:38:54,700 --> 00:38:58,301 It could strip the gold from tutankhamun's chariot. 617 00:39:06,411 --> 00:39:08,244 Tes, 618 00:39:08,280 --> 00:39:11,347 It's the moment of truth for ahmed. 619 00:39:11,350 --> 00:39:14,050 Has the cleaning solution worked or has it caused 620 00:39:14,086 --> 00:39:17,120 Irreparable damage to the priceless chariot? 621 00:39:31,937 --> 00:39:34,003 Narrator: Now, with a working solution, 622 00:39:34,039 --> 00:39:36,573 Ahmed and the team will be able to restore the chariot to 623 00:39:36,608 --> 00:39:40,510 Sit proudly alongside tutankhamun's other treasures... 624 00:39:45,250 --> 00:39:48,885 Almost 400 miles south in gebel el-silsila. 625 00:39:48,920 --> 00:39:53,056 John and maria search for blue decorated pottery from 626 00:39:53,091 --> 00:39:55,558 Tutankhamun's reign. 627 00:39:55,594 --> 00:39:57,961 (speaking in native language). 628 00:39:59,898 --> 00:40:01,498 (exclaims). 629 00:40:01,533 --> 00:40:04,033 Narrator: One of the workers spots a flash of blue in the golden sand. 630 00:40:09,074 --> 00:40:15,178 John: You are about to make me a very, very happy man, ooh. 631 00:40:17,649 --> 00:40:19,883 Absolutely beautiful. 632 00:40:19,918 --> 00:40:24,320 Both me and maria have always said that this is the quarries of tutankhamun, 633 00:40:24,356 --> 00:40:28,224 But we've never had the proof, until now. 634 00:40:32,697 --> 00:40:35,198 Narrator: Maria takes a look to check for certain if it is 635 00:40:35,233 --> 00:40:38,268 From the time of tutankhamun. 636 00:40:38,303 --> 00:40:42,005 Maria: I would place these in the tutankhamun period. 637 00:40:43,241 --> 00:40:47,577 Blue signify royalty, the gods as well. 638 00:40:47,612 --> 00:40:52,582 Blue is a very rare color for them to find and work with. 639 00:40:52,617 --> 00:40:57,587 They do indicate that our worker's village is from the 640 00:40:57,622 --> 00:41:00,056 Time of tutankhamun. 641 00:41:01,393 --> 00:41:04,661 John: Couldn't have wished for a better piece of evidence. 642 00:41:04,696 --> 00:41:06,963 Excellent. 643 00:41:06,998 --> 00:41:09,532 Narrator: John and maria have the evidence they need. 644 00:41:09,568 --> 00:41:13,770 They think they can prove this is the quarry of tutankhamun. 645 00:41:20,779 --> 00:41:24,380 375 miles north in saqqara. 646 00:41:25,884 --> 00:41:29,118 It's nozomu's life's work to prove tutankhamun's 647 00:41:29,154 --> 00:41:32,322 Inner circle of elite are buried here. 648 00:41:33,358 --> 00:41:35,725 After three weeks he's discovered the entrance 649 00:41:35,760 --> 00:41:39,162 To a tomb and now it's the moment of truth. 650 00:42:14,366 --> 00:42:18,735 Narrator: If the ceiling collapses, it could be fatal. 651 00:42:18,770 --> 00:42:21,371 But to see what's in there, someone will have to crawl 652 00:42:21,406 --> 00:42:24,173 Down the long corridor inside the tomb. 653 00:42:38,523 --> 00:42:42,525 Narrator: Despite the fragile roof and the danger of collapse, 654 00:42:44,229 --> 00:42:47,964 One of nozomu's team crawls deeper into the tomb. 655 00:42:50,969 --> 00:42:53,903 The risk is worth it. 656 00:42:53,939 --> 00:42:57,974 Archaeological treasures are everywhere he looks. 657 00:43:18,229 --> 00:43:20,730 Narrator: The team need to reinforce the ceiling before 658 00:43:20,765 --> 00:43:25,101 They can all venture inside and truly examine what they have found. 659 00:43:39,784 --> 00:43:42,485 Narrator: Nozomu's team will be back to uncover more of the 660 00:43:42,520 --> 00:43:45,855 Plateau's secrets next year and see if the elite of 661 00:43:45,890 --> 00:43:49,092 Tutankhamun are hidden below. 662 00:43:50,295 --> 00:43:53,129 In the meantime, nozomu must brick up the entrance to 663 00:43:53,164 --> 00:43:56,132 Protect the treasures inside. 664 00:43:56,167 --> 00:44:00,970 Nozomu: I'm gonna dedicate to excavate here the rest of my life. 665 00:44:01,006 --> 00:44:03,339 You know, this is just the beginning you know. 666 00:44:03,375 --> 00:44:05,608 Narrator: Almost three-and-a-half-thousand years 667 00:44:05,644 --> 00:44:09,379 After his death and 100 years after his rediscovery, 668 00:44:09,414 --> 00:44:13,349 Tutankhamun continues to beguile and fascinate. 669 00:44:14,119 --> 00:44:18,287 Inspiring archaeologists from all over the world to come to egypt 670 00:44:18,323 --> 00:44:21,290 For the chance to add their names to history and find 671 00:44:21,326 --> 00:44:23,059 Their own lost treasures. 672 00:44:23,094 --> 00:44:24,193 Captioned by cotter captioning services. 59954

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