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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,969 --> 00:00:04,436 Narrator: In los angeles... 2 00:00:04,438 --> 00:00:05,571 Yo! 3 00:00:05,573 --> 00:00:08,640 Narrator: ...This team of elite engineers 4 00:00:08,642 --> 00:00:12,611 Is racing to build an epic earthquake-proof bridge. 5 00:00:12,613 --> 00:00:17,349 It just is amazing responsibility. 6 00:00:17,351 --> 00:00:20,319 Narrator: Costing nearly half a billion dollars, 7 00:00:20,321 --> 00:00:22,154 The new sixth street viaduct 8 00:00:22,156 --> 00:00:26,959 Is the biggest bridge project l.A. Has ever seen. 9 00:00:26,961 --> 00:00:29,094 I've worked 36 years building bridges, 10 00:00:29,096 --> 00:00:32,498 I've never built anything like this. 11 00:00:32,500 --> 00:00:36,435 Narrator: To construct this 120,000-ton colossus, 12 00:00:36,437 --> 00:00:39,638 The team must break new ground in bridge building... 13 00:00:39,640 --> 00:00:44,443 We have created new material that has never existed before. 14 00:00:44,445 --> 00:00:45,978 Narrator: ...Push their pioneering designs 15 00:00:45,980 --> 00:00:47,413 To the limit... 16 00:00:47,415 --> 00:00:49,515 If we don't meet the requirements, 17 00:00:49,517 --> 00:00:51,617 A lot of people are gonna have to explain 18 00:00:51,619 --> 00:00:54,853 Why our calculations didn't come up correctly. 19 00:00:54,855 --> 00:00:57,723 Narrator: ...And work down to the wire. 20 00:00:57,725 --> 00:00:59,625 They are not gonna have months. 21 00:00:59,627 --> 00:01:03,862 We are gonna only have hours. 22 00:01:03,864 --> 00:01:06,098 Narrator: This mega bridge brings in a league 23 00:01:06,100 --> 00:01:11,203 Of ambitious new engineering wonders 24 00:01:11,205 --> 00:01:15,774 That are bigger, faster, taller, and more advanced 25 00:01:15,776 --> 00:01:19,411 Than anything ever constructed before. 26 00:01:19,413 --> 00:01:23,482 This is the inside story of the extraordinary challenge 27 00:01:23,484 --> 00:01:25,884 Of building these giants. 28 00:01:25,886 --> 00:01:31,090 ♪ 29 00:01:31,092 --> 00:01:34,093 -- Captions by vitac -- www.Vitac.Com 30 00:01:34,095 --> 00:01:37,096 Captions paid for by discovery communications 31 00:01:37,098 --> 00:01:39,531 ♪ 32 00:01:39,533 --> 00:01:41,700 Los angeles, 33 00:01:41,702 --> 00:01:45,504 The home of hollywood. 34 00:01:45,506 --> 00:01:48,574 The city itself has been featured on the silver screen 35 00:01:48,576 --> 00:01:51,944 More times than any movie star. 36 00:01:51,946 --> 00:01:53,946 One of its most iconic features 37 00:01:53,948 --> 00:01:56,882 Is the historic sixth street viaduct. 38 00:01:56,884 --> 00:02:01,220 It's been in any number of movies and adventure films 39 00:02:01,222 --> 00:02:04,523 And post apocalyptic disaster stories. 40 00:02:04,525 --> 00:02:07,459 ♪ 41 00:02:07,461 --> 00:02:09,461 Narrator: But today, one of the city's 42 00:02:09,463 --> 00:02:13,665 Most famous sites is on the brink of collapse. 43 00:02:13,667 --> 00:02:15,968 What you see here is a sample of concrete 44 00:02:15,970 --> 00:02:19,505 That came out of sixth street viaduct. 45 00:02:19,507 --> 00:02:23,909 Narrator: The bridge's concrete is starting to fall apart. 46 00:02:23,911 --> 00:02:26,778 There's a chemical reaction in the concrete 47 00:02:26,780 --> 00:02:29,181 That is otherwise known as concrete cancer 48 00:02:29,183 --> 00:02:31,450 And what happens is a gel 49 00:02:31,452 --> 00:02:34,653 Is created within the concrete that expands over time 50 00:02:34,655 --> 00:02:36,722 And when it expands it causes the concrete 51 00:02:36,724 --> 00:02:39,925 To crack apart and break. 52 00:02:39,927 --> 00:02:43,362 Narrator: Specialists have tried to repair the cracks 53 00:02:43,364 --> 00:02:46,498 But this it the end of the road. 54 00:02:46,500 --> 00:02:50,035 We had hired international experts to come in and look, 55 00:02:50,037 --> 00:02:52,471 Is there anyway to save this bridge? 56 00:02:52,473 --> 00:02:56,408 And they all said the same thing -- no. 57 00:02:56,410 --> 00:02:58,510 Narrator: City engineers have no option 58 00:02:58,512 --> 00:03:02,848 But to divert the traffic and demolish this bridge. 59 00:03:02,850 --> 00:03:05,417 But they're planning a sequel. 60 00:03:05,419 --> 00:03:08,053 What's exciting about the new bridge 61 00:03:08,055 --> 00:03:09,721 That we're gonna be building 62 00:03:09,723 --> 00:03:13,525 Is that it's an opportunity to improve. 63 00:03:13,527 --> 00:03:15,894 Narrator: The city has challenged los angeles architect 64 00:03:15,896 --> 00:03:19,798 Michael maltzan with designing a new viaduct 65 00:03:19,800 --> 00:03:23,969 That echoes the old one but looks to the future. 66 00:03:23,971 --> 00:03:26,838 The competition brief was to make a new structure 67 00:03:26,840 --> 00:03:31,243 That had the same iconic presence in the city 68 00:03:31,245 --> 00:03:34,813 As the bridge that came before it. 69 00:03:34,815 --> 00:03:36,949 Narrator: This is the spectacular bridge 70 00:03:36,951 --> 00:03:40,919 They plan to build. 71 00:03:40,921 --> 00:03:44,289 At over 3,000 feet long, 72 00:03:44,291 --> 00:03:45,591 The new sixth street bridge 73 00:03:45,593 --> 00:03:49,494 Will follow the same route as the old structure. 74 00:03:49,496 --> 00:03:52,164 Soaring over the busy 101 highway, 75 00:03:52,166 --> 00:03:54,933 City streets, railroads, 76 00:03:54,935 --> 00:03:59,438 And the famous l.A. River. 77 00:03:59,440 --> 00:04:01,773 Nicknamed "the ribbon of light" 78 00:04:01,775 --> 00:04:05,210 The new bridge will feature 10 pairs of huge arches 79 00:04:05,212 --> 00:04:10,582 Running along its entire length. 80 00:04:10,584 --> 00:04:13,685 Giant steel hanger cables will suspend the road deck 81 00:04:13,687 --> 00:04:15,954 From the arches. 82 00:04:15,956 --> 00:04:19,791 Each cable is strong enough to hold more than a million pounds. 83 00:04:19,793 --> 00:04:21,960 ♪ 84 00:04:21,962 --> 00:04:23,862 Below, each support column 85 00:04:23,864 --> 00:04:27,366 Will sit on huge sliding bearings. 86 00:04:27,368 --> 00:04:29,668 These columns are designed to withstand a once 87 00:04:29,670 --> 00:04:33,505 In a thousand year earthquake. 88 00:04:33,507 --> 00:04:36,642 Costing nearly half a billion dollars, 89 00:04:36,644 --> 00:04:38,777 This pioneering new structure 90 00:04:38,779 --> 00:04:40,712 Will ensure the sixth street bridge 91 00:04:40,714 --> 00:04:43,548 Remains a los angeles icon 92 00:04:43,550 --> 00:04:47,452 For the 21st century and beyond. 93 00:04:47,454 --> 00:04:49,454 ♪ 94 00:04:49,456 --> 00:04:51,089 Building this enormous bridge 95 00:04:51,091 --> 00:04:53,759 Would be a difficult project anywhere, 96 00:04:53,761 --> 00:04:56,028 But the crowded inner city location 97 00:04:56,030 --> 00:04:59,097 Will make this construction particularly difficult 98 00:04:59,099 --> 00:05:02,501 For principle engineer julie allen and her team. 99 00:05:02,503 --> 00:05:04,970 Many bridges are constructed over a single obstacle, 100 00:05:04,972 --> 00:05:07,606 A river or a roadway. 101 00:05:07,608 --> 00:05:11,710 We're crossing over a six lane freeway, four city streets, 102 00:05:11,712 --> 00:05:12,944 18 railroad tracks 103 00:05:12,946 --> 00:05:15,714 That are operated by five different agencies, 104 00:05:15,716 --> 00:05:17,149 Along with the los angeles river, 105 00:05:17,151 --> 00:05:20,552 Which can vary from a trickle to a raging, 106 00:05:20,554 --> 00:05:25,691 All the way up to the banks flow of water. 107 00:05:25,693 --> 00:05:27,092 Narrator: Crossing streets and railroads 108 00:05:27,094 --> 00:05:29,761 Is not the only challenge. 109 00:05:29,763 --> 00:05:33,965 The entire city is built in an earthquake zone. 110 00:05:33,967 --> 00:05:37,169 The whole west coast is known for major seismic events, 111 00:05:37,171 --> 00:05:41,940 California in particular. 112 00:05:41,942 --> 00:05:45,077 It could be any time that the next big one'll hit. 113 00:05:45,079 --> 00:05:46,511 Narrator: This is their plan. 114 00:05:46,513 --> 00:05:50,382 ♪ 115 00:05:50,384 --> 00:05:53,418 To build this monumental new bridge, 116 00:05:53,420 --> 00:05:55,354 The team must first tear down 117 00:05:55,356 --> 00:06:01,093 The original viaduct piece by piece. 118 00:06:01,095 --> 00:06:06,331 Next, they'll build up 23 supporting columns 119 00:06:06,333 --> 00:06:09,701 And position the special sliding bearings on top 120 00:06:09,703 --> 00:06:14,906 To protect the structure during quakes. 121 00:06:14,908 --> 00:06:16,308 On top of the bearings, 122 00:06:16,310 --> 00:06:19,778 Engineers will construct huge y-shaped supports 123 00:06:19,780 --> 00:06:23,515 From an intricate mesh of steel reinforcing bars. 124 00:06:23,517 --> 00:06:26,718 ♪ 125 00:06:26,720 --> 00:06:30,021 And a special high strength concrete. 126 00:06:30,023 --> 00:06:32,991 ♪ 127 00:06:32,993 --> 00:06:36,361 Carpentry teams will then custom build wooden molds... 128 00:06:36,363 --> 00:06:39,431 ♪ 129 00:06:39,433 --> 00:06:43,068 ...Section by section 130 00:06:43,070 --> 00:06:47,072 To form each of the complex curved shapes 131 00:06:47,074 --> 00:06:52,978 That will give the bridge its sweeping lines. 132 00:06:52,980 --> 00:06:55,847 When the concrete beams and arches are built, 133 00:06:55,849 --> 00:06:59,418 The team will hang the 388 hanger cables 134 00:06:59,420 --> 00:07:04,222 That hold up the road deck. 135 00:07:04,224 --> 00:07:08,427 When complete, this elegant design will be tough enough 136 00:07:08,429 --> 00:07:14,065 To carry 100,000 cars a week. 137 00:07:14,067 --> 00:07:18,703 The first challenge is to remove the existing viaduct. 138 00:07:18,705 --> 00:07:22,040 But the quickest method is off the table. 139 00:07:22,042 --> 00:07:26,378 You can't come in with a big dynamite like we see in cartoons 140 00:07:26,380 --> 00:07:29,281 And just destroy it or implode it. 141 00:07:29,283 --> 00:07:31,516 You've got to deconstruct it. 142 00:07:31,518 --> 00:07:34,052 Allen: Demolition is scheduled to be for about a year. 143 00:07:34,054 --> 00:07:37,289 It's time consuming and meticulous. 144 00:07:37,291 --> 00:07:39,424 It's got a lot of concrete, a lot of steel. 145 00:07:39,426 --> 00:07:41,860 Narrator: The first 200 feet of the old viaduct 146 00:07:41,862 --> 00:07:44,529 Will be the most difficult stretch to take down. 147 00:07:44,531 --> 00:07:47,399 We're starting on the eastern end of this viaduct 148 00:07:47,401 --> 00:07:50,702 To start the demolition and bad news, 149 00:07:50,704 --> 00:07:53,338 It's right over major freeways, 150 00:07:53,340 --> 00:07:57,242 So we're gonna have to actually shut down the freeway. 151 00:07:57,244 --> 00:07:59,110 Narrator: The crew must demolish the first section 152 00:07:59,112 --> 00:08:02,481 Of this huge bridge in less than 40 hours 153 00:08:02,483 --> 00:08:04,416 Over a single weekend 154 00:08:04,418 --> 00:08:07,586 To minimize the los angeles gridlock. 155 00:08:07,588 --> 00:08:11,389 ♪ 156 00:08:11,391 --> 00:08:14,693 First, trucks dump earth beside the freeway 157 00:08:14,695 --> 00:08:18,530 To create an access ramp for the demolition machines. 158 00:08:18,532 --> 00:08:22,734 And cover the six lanes in a foot thick layer of soil 159 00:08:22,736 --> 00:08:25,637 To prevent huge chunks of falling concrete 160 00:08:25,639 --> 00:08:29,875 From shattering the freeway tarmac. 161 00:08:29,877 --> 00:08:33,411 Next, a squadron of high reach demolition excavators 162 00:08:33,413 --> 00:08:35,580 Will move in. 163 00:08:35,582 --> 00:08:39,918 Their 65-foot long arms shattering the famous bridge. 164 00:08:39,920 --> 00:08:42,787 ♪ 165 00:08:42,789 --> 00:08:45,357 Teams of workers will use water cannons 166 00:08:45,359 --> 00:08:46,791 To prevent clouds of dust 167 00:08:46,793 --> 00:08:50,829 From blocking the demolition crew's view. 168 00:08:50,831 --> 00:08:53,298 Once the section is torn to pieces, 169 00:08:53,300 --> 00:08:56,434 Iron workers with powerful cutting torches 170 00:08:56,436 --> 00:08:58,470 Will slice through the remaining forest 171 00:08:58,472 --> 00:09:02,674 Of tangled steel reinforcements to clear the way 172 00:09:02,676 --> 00:09:05,043 For the new sixth street bridge. 173 00:09:05,045 --> 00:09:09,481 ♪ 174 00:09:09,483 --> 00:09:13,418 Friday, February 5, 2016. 175 00:09:13,420 --> 00:09:16,354 While cameras snap the last pictures of the iconic old 176 00:09:16,356 --> 00:09:19,724 Viaduct in one piece... 177 00:09:19,726 --> 00:09:22,294 The wrecking crews move in. 178 00:09:22,296 --> 00:09:23,662 It's a shame that it has to go 179 00:09:23,664 --> 00:09:26,231 Because everybody knows the bridge. 180 00:09:26,233 --> 00:09:29,034 ♪ 181 00:09:29,036 --> 00:09:31,536 If it's structurally bad, it has to come down. 182 00:09:31,538 --> 00:09:34,606 Either we take it down or an earthquake takes it down. 183 00:09:34,608 --> 00:09:37,042 Narrator: Principle engineer julie stands by 184 00:09:37,044 --> 00:09:39,411 To witness the end of an era. 185 00:09:39,413 --> 00:09:41,313 I won't be here the whole night, but I want to make sure 186 00:09:41,315 --> 00:09:44,182 It's moving smoothly, yes, for sure. 187 00:09:44,184 --> 00:09:47,452 Narrator: The old viaduct puts up a fight. 188 00:09:47,454 --> 00:09:50,555 But slowly, the machines wrestle it down. 189 00:09:50,557 --> 00:09:54,092 ♪ 190 00:09:54,094 --> 00:09:56,728 Looks like there's no turning back now. 191 00:09:56,730 --> 00:09:59,164 Narrator: The demolition teams work non-stop 192 00:09:59,166 --> 00:10:00,799 And by Sunday morning, 193 00:10:00,801 --> 00:10:02,467 The rubble is cleared 194 00:10:02,469 --> 00:10:07,405 And the freeway below is running again. 195 00:10:07,407 --> 00:10:11,042 The first span of the old viaduct is gone, 196 00:10:11,044 --> 00:10:16,948 But the marathon has just begun. 197 00:10:16,950 --> 00:10:18,984 From spring until christmas, 198 00:10:18,986 --> 00:10:21,286 The demolition crews tear and cut their way 199 00:10:21,288 --> 00:10:23,655 Towards downtown los angeles. 200 00:10:23,657 --> 00:10:27,392 ♪ 201 00:10:27,394 --> 00:10:29,160 Once the dust settles, 202 00:10:29,162 --> 00:10:34,099 Work can finally begin on the new sixth street bridge. 203 00:10:34,101 --> 00:10:35,967 We have a long way to go, long way to go. 204 00:10:35,969 --> 00:10:40,271 ♪ 205 00:10:40,273 --> 00:10:41,373 Watch it! 206 00:10:41,375 --> 00:10:44,242 ♪ 207 00:10:46,346 --> 00:10:51,349 ♪ 208 00:10:51,351 --> 00:10:53,118 Narrator: In los angeles, 209 00:10:53,120 --> 00:10:55,520 Workers are racing against the clock 210 00:10:55,522 --> 00:11:01,059 To construct the new sixth street bridge. 211 00:11:01,061 --> 00:11:05,597 They did huge 130-foot deep foundation piles 212 00:11:05,599 --> 00:11:07,899 And begin to build the 23 columns 213 00:11:07,901 --> 00:11:10,769 That will support the bridge. 214 00:11:10,771 --> 00:11:13,772 But deep foundations are no help 215 00:11:13,774 --> 00:11:16,975 When california's biggest threat strikes. 216 00:11:16,977 --> 00:11:19,644 The entire west coast is very seismically active. 217 00:11:19,646 --> 00:11:22,047 There's a history of large earthquakes 218 00:11:22,049 --> 00:11:27,352 Up and down the west coast of the u.S. 219 00:11:27,354 --> 00:11:30,121 Narrator: In 1994, a earthquake measuring 220 00:11:30,123 --> 00:11:32,357 6.4 on the richter scale 221 00:11:32,359 --> 00:11:36,594 Strikes the northridge area of los angeles. 222 00:11:36,596 --> 00:11:41,399 The city's elevated freeways snap at their joints. 223 00:11:41,401 --> 00:11:45,303 57 people lose their lives and chaos chokes the area's 224 00:11:45,305 --> 00:11:49,174 Road network for the next 12 months. 225 00:11:49,176 --> 00:11:51,509 Protecting the bridge from earthquakes 226 00:11:51,511 --> 00:11:55,146 Is the team's single biggest engineering problem. 227 00:11:55,148 --> 00:11:56,715 This particular bridge, 228 00:11:56,717 --> 00:11:58,283 We actually have it designed to withstand 229 00:11:58,285 --> 00:12:01,019 An earthquake that would only happen once every 1,000 years, 230 00:12:01,021 --> 00:12:03,788 So it's a very large earthquake event. 231 00:12:03,790 --> 00:12:05,323 Narrator: The team is building the bridge 232 00:12:05,325 --> 00:12:08,660 As one seamless piece of rigid concrete to eliminate 233 00:12:08,662 --> 00:12:11,596 Any weakness at the joints. 234 00:12:11,598 --> 00:12:13,732 But they still need a way of protecting it 235 00:12:13,734 --> 00:12:16,601 From the violently shaking ground below. 236 00:12:16,603 --> 00:12:22,507 ♪ 237 00:12:22,509 --> 00:12:24,976 Seismic engineer victor zayas 238 00:12:24,978 --> 00:12:27,912 Is working on a solution to this problem. 239 00:12:27,914 --> 00:12:31,249 We have a magnitude eight level earthquake 240 00:12:31,251 --> 00:12:34,419 On average every 80 years. 241 00:12:34,421 --> 00:12:38,189 And the last one was 1906. 242 00:12:38,191 --> 00:12:44,362 So we're about 30 years past overdue. 243 00:12:44,364 --> 00:12:47,866 When the big one happens, everywhere will be affected. 244 00:12:47,868 --> 00:12:52,370 ♪ 245 00:12:52,372 --> 00:12:54,372 Narrator: Julie and the team in l.A. 246 00:12:54,374 --> 00:12:57,575 Have given victor a bold challenge. 247 00:12:57,577 --> 00:13:00,612 He must not only stop the bridge from collapsing, 248 00:13:00,614 --> 00:13:02,981 But also keep it open to vehicles 249 00:13:02,983 --> 00:13:06,117 After an earthquake hits. 250 00:13:06,119 --> 00:13:07,886 Zayas: If the bridge isn't functioning, 251 00:13:07,888 --> 00:13:10,622 Well, then the ambulance can't take you 252 00:13:10,624 --> 00:13:13,525 From where you're injured to the hospital. 253 00:13:13,527 --> 00:13:18,963 When we need that bridge most is after the big earthquake. 254 00:13:18,965 --> 00:13:20,398 Narrator: Modern structures can be built 255 00:13:20,400 --> 00:13:22,600 On special movable bearings 256 00:13:22,602 --> 00:13:25,937 That isolate them from an earthquake. 257 00:13:25,939 --> 00:13:28,873 But doing the same for this 3,000-foot long, 258 00:13:28,875 --> 00:13:31,476 120,000-ton bridge 259 00:13:31,478 --> 00:13:36,948 Will need some seriously heavy engineering. 260 00:13:36,950 --> 00:13:40,985 Even with the strongest columns, a major earthquake would shake 261 00:13:40,987 --> 00:13:44,856 The heavy bridge deck off its supports. 262 00:13:44,858 --> 00:13:46,658 To keep it from collapsing, 263 00:13:46,660 --> 00:13:48,726 The team will install special bearings 264 00:13:48,728 --> 00:13:53,198 Into each of the bridges 23 support columns. 265 00:13:53,200 --> 00:13:57,235 Inside each bearing are three curved elements. 266 00:13:57,237 --> 00:13:59,938 An outer plate, 267 00:13:59,940 --> 00:14:02,407 An inner plate, 268 00:14:02,409 --> 00:14:04,676 And the core. 269 00:14:04,678 --> 00:14:09,247 These lubricated discs can slide from side to side. 270 00:14:09,249 --> 00:14:13,184 They allow nearly three feet of movement in any direction 271 00:14:13,186 --> 00:14:16,821 Without the deck coming off of its supports. 272 00:14:16,823 --> 00:14:19,057 This means that in an earthquake, 273 00:14:19,059 --> 00:14:21,492 The enormous bridge can safely ride 274 00:14:21,494 --> 00:14:25,363 The violent movements of the ground below. 275 00:14:25,365 --> 00:14:28,266 And the bearing's curved surfaces mean that after 276 00:14:28,268 --> 00:14:30,001 The earthquake stops, 277 00:14:30,003 --> 00:14:33,705 The bridge will return to its original position. 278 00:14:33,707 --> 00:14:37,075 ♪ 279 00:14:37,077 --> 00:14:40,378 Victor's idea works well on paper, 280 00:14:40,380 --> 00:14:42,914 But in practice, the challenge is to make sure 281 00:14:42,916 --> 00:14:47,986 These giant moving metal discs stay lubricated. 282 00:14:47,988 --> 00:14:51,322 Each one of these isolators in the sixth street bridge 283 00:14:51,324 --> 00:14:54,726 Will have about 10 million pounds of load on it. 284 00:14:54,728 --> 00:14:56,094 Narrator: Under that pressure, 285 00:14:56,096 --> 00:14:59,664 Traditional means of lubrication are useless. 286 00:14:59,666 --> 00:15:02,200 The temperature in these isolators 287 00:15:02,202 --> 00:15:05,436 Will rise up to 300 degrees centigrade. 288 00:15:05,438 --> 00:15:09,240 If we put oil in there, the oil could catch on fire. 289 00:15:09,242 --> 00:15:11,109 Narrator: Victor's ingenious solution 290 00:15:11,111 --> 00:15:13,311 Is to insert a wafer thin sheet 291 00:15:13,313 --> 00:15:17,715 Of a special solid polymer that self-lubricates. 292 00:15:17,717 --> 00:15:22,320 We have created a new material that has never existed before. 293 00:15:22,322 --> 00:15:24,989 So this is the lubricating material 294 00:15:24,991 --> 00:15:27,392 That comes to the surface during an earthquake. 295 00:15:27,394 --> 00:15:31,062 So it is self-sacrificing 296 00:15:31,064 --> 00:15:34,732 Solid lubricant polymer composite. 297 00:15:34,734 --> 00:15:39,570 So, without this the isolators would be worthless. 298 00:15:39,572 --> 00:15:45,176 ♪ 299 00:15:45,178 --> 00:15:47,078 Narrator: Every element of the bearing mechanism 300 00:15:47,080 --> 00:15:50,548 Is precision cut 301 00:15:50,550 --> 00:15:52,817 And polished to perfection. 302 00:15:52,819 --> 00:15:57,655 ♪ 303 00:15:57,657 --> 00:16:02,260 The slightest defect could cause a catastrophic collapse 304 00:16:02,262 --> 00:16:06,064 So victor doesn't let a single bearing leave his factory 305 00:16:06,066 --> 00:16:08,433 Without testing it in an enormous 306 00:16:08,435 --> 00:16:12,703 Earthquake simulator. 307 00:16:12,705 --> 00:16:16,708 I call it the monster. 308 00:16:16,710 --> 00:16:19,811 It has so much power. 309 00:16:19,813 --> 00:16:24,215 If we use the energy in this machine to launch a rocket, 310 00:16:24,217 --> 00:16:28,019 We could launch a rocket from california to new york city. 311 00:16:28,021 --> 00:16:30,254 I believe this is the most powerful 312 00:16:30,256 --> 00:16:32,056 Piece of equipment in the world. 313 00:16:32,058 --> 00:16:34,325 Narrator: The machine pushes down on the bearing 314 00:16:34,327 --> 00:16:36,794 With millions of pounds of pressure 315 00:16:36,796 --> 00:16:41,632 To match the weight of a building or bridge. 316 00:16:41,634 --> 00:16:43,901 Okay, miguel, let's run that first one. 317 00:16:43,903 --> 00:16:45,903 Narrator: When they flick the switch... 318 00:16:45,905 --> 00:16:48,806 This is going to be a big of an earthquake 319 00:16:48,808 --> 00:16:52,777 As anybody would like to ever see. 320 00:16:52,779 --> 00:16:54,178 Narrator: ...Pressurized hydraulics 321 00:16:54,180 --> 00:16:56,347 Force the bearing sideways 322 00:16:56,349 --> 00:16:59,050 To mimic the back and forth movement in an earthquake. 323 00:16:59,052 --> 00:17:05,056 ♪ 324 00:17:05,058 --> 00:17:10,995 ♪ 325 00:17:10,997 --> 00:17:13,031 These isolators are a pass. 326 00:17:13,033 --> 00:17:16,701 ♪ 327 00:17:16,703 --> 00:17:18,403 While the bridge is just coasting along, 328 00:17:18,405 --> 00:17:22,673 The ground could be shifting 30 inches in any direction 329 00:17:22,675 --> 00:17:25,076 And that will allow the bridge to be stable 330 00:17:25,078 --> 00:17:29,680 And remain undamaged during a major earthquake event. 331 00:17:29,682 --> 00:17:31,182 Narrator: Once the team has installed bearings 332 00:17:31,184 --> 00:17:33,851 On each column, 333 00:17:33,853 --> 00:17:37,588 Workers enclose the y-shaped sections with giant 334 00:17:37,590 --> 00:17:41,659 Pre-made panels and fill them with concrete. 335 00:17:41,661 --> 00:17:45,997 ♪ 336 00:17:45,999 --> 00:17:49,767 But above that, the mesh of steel and concrete 337 00:17:49,769 --> 00:17:52,537 Gets even more complicated. 338 00:17:52,539 --> 00:17:55,640 Our tolerance is maybe an eighth of an inch either way. 339 00:17:55,642 --> 00:17:56,641 So we don't have a lot of room. 340 00:17:56,643 --> 00:18:01,679 ♪ 341 00:18:03,817 --> 00:18:07,819 ♪ 342 00:18:07,821 --> 00:18:10,254 Narrator: In los angeles, 343 00:18:10,256 --> 00:18:12,457 A construction team has reached a crucial 344 00:18:12,459 --> 00:18:16,761 And complex stage of the sixth street bridge build. 345 00:18:16,763 --> 00:18:18,529 One of the challenges on this project 346 00:18:18,531 --> 00:18:20,731 Is the amount of reinforcement 347 00:18:20,733 --> 00:18:23,234 That's in the structure so for example, 348 00:18:23,236 --> 00:18:25,069 What we call the knuckle region here, 349 00:18:25,071 --> 00:18:28,439 Each of these elements joins together and all of the rebar 350 00:18:28,441 --> 00:18:30,575 And the post-tensioning coming from every direction 351 00:18:30,577 --> 00:18:33,878 Has to be uniquely combined and meshed together 352 00:18:33,880 --> 00:18:37,982 So that everything fits. 353 00:18:37,984 --> 00:18:39,650 Narrator: These key parts of the bridge structure 354 00:18:39,652 --> 00:18:41,486 Are so complex 355 00:18:41,488 --> 00:18:43,821 That the team must devise a different way 356 00:18:43,823 --> 00:18:45,590 To create the concrete molds. 357 00:18:45,592 --> 00:18:49,794 ♪ 358 00:18:49,796 --> 00:18:54,365 On top of each isolator bearing, workers simply used big, 359 00:18:54,367 --> 00:18:58,002 Pre-formed panels 360 00:18:58,004 --> 00:19:00,872 To cast the giant y-shaped supports. 361 00:19:00,874 --> 00:19:04,909 ♪ 362 00:19:04,911 --> 00:19:07,445 But at the knuckle region, 363 00:19:07,447 --> 00:19:10,248 The junction of three large beams 364 00:19:10,250 --> 00:19:15,119 Forms a complicated shape of sweeping curves 365 00:19:15,121 --> 00:19:19,157 With a tangle of connecting steel reinforcement bars inside. 366 00:19:19,159 --> 00:19:24,028 ♪ 367 00:19:24,030 --> 00:19:28,166 These elements are so important and so complex 368 00:19:28,168 --> 00:19:34,038 That the team can't enclose them within pre-made panels. 369 00:19:34,040 --> 00:19:39,410 Instead, master carpenters have to build the molds by hand, 370 00:19:39,412 --> 00:19:42,547 50 feet up in the air. 371 00:19:42,549 --> 00:19:45,917 One flank and sheet at a time. 372 00:19:45,919 --> 00:19:51,255 ♪ 373 00:19:51,257 --> 00:19:53,925 Lead carpenter ryan tagliapietra 374 00:19:53,927 --> 00:19:56,894 Heads one of the teams building a form work. 375 00:19:56,896 --> 00:19:59,397 Come in the middle of those two right where your left hand is, 376 00:19:59,399 --> 00:20:04,335 Bring that one and that one and bump it out an eighth. 377 00:20:04,337 --> 00:20:06,070 Narrator: The bridge's swooping design 378 00:20:06,072 --> 00:20:09,407 Requires ryan's team to create the perfect shape 379 00:20:09,409 --> 00:20:11,909 To hold the tons of steel reinforcement 380 00:20:11,911 --> 00:20:13,744 And liquid concrete. 381 00:20:13,746 --> 00:20:18,816 ♪ 382 00:20:18,818 --> 00:20:21,919 Transforming square planks and beams into the smooth 383 00:20:21,921 --> 00:20:27,291 Curves of the architect's vision is no simple task. 384 00:20:27,293 --> 00:20:30,695 The amount of angles, the amount of detail, 385 00:20:30,697 --> 00:20:33,731 The amount of complexity that we've got here 386 00:20:33,733 --> 00:20:38,302 Is nothing I've ever seen. 387 00:20:38,304 --> 00:20:41,205 Narrator: The complicated framework constantly throws them 388 00:20:41,207 --> 00:20:44,909 Curve balls and today is no different. 389 00:20:44,911 --> 00:20:46,711 Into the top cap is gonna hit 390 00:20:46,713 --> 00:20:49,247 Where the bottom cap of that last bent is. 391 00:20:49,249 --> 00:20:50,514 We can't have it splitting. 392 00:20:50,516 --> 00:20:53,217 As soon as it does that, it's worthless. 393 00:20:53,219 --> 00:20:55,119 That's a bummer. 394 00:20:55,121 --> 00:20:58,356 Narrator: Two of their wooden supports called bents 395 00:20:58,358 --> 00:21:01,125 Are not meeting up properly 396 00:21:01,127 --> 00:21:04,996 And ryan has to call in the site engineer. 397 00:21:04,998 --> 00:21:08,866 We might have to just custom cut it. 398 00:21:08,868 --> 00:21:11,936 Narrator: Shannon tynon is one of three resident engineers 399 00:21:11,938 --> 00:21:15,506 Responsible for the whole bridge. 400 00:21:15,508 --> 00:21:19,277 She must devise on the spot solutions to avoid delays 401 00:21:19,279 --> 00:21:22,380 And keep the team on track. 402 00:21:22,382 --> 00:21:23,547 You tell me what you want me to do. 403 00:21:23,549 --> 00:21:25,650 I can get this in, get the sofit done. 404 00:21:25,652 --> 00:21:28,786 Well, looks like we'll be able to bring it under this one 405 00:21:28,788 --> 00:21:31,856 And have it hit to here. -Okay. 406 00:21:31,858 --> 00:21:33,658 And then that would allow us to keep those posts 407 00:21:33,660 --> 00:21:35,259 In the right spot. -Okay. 408 00:21:35,261 --> 00:21:36,627 Easy peasy, lemon squeezy. 409 00:21:36,629 --> 00:21:38,362 Cool. Anything else? 410 00:21:38,364 --> 00:21:40,598 -No. -[ laughs ] 411 00:21:40,600 --> 00:21:43,968 ♪ 412 00:21:43,970 --> 00:21:47,138 Narrator: Ryan and the team power on under the hot sun 413 00:21:47,140 --> 00:21:51,642 To finish the framework. 414 00:21:51,644 --> 00:21:56,147 Next, they line the frame with wooden panels to create a mold 415 00:21:56,149 --> 00:21:58,916 That they will fill with concrete. 416 00:21:58,918 --> 00:22:01,485 ♪ 417 00:22:01,487 --> 00:22:05,890 They can't leave any gaps or the concrete could escape. 418 00:22:05,892 --> 00:22:08,693 Some of these holes would leak like crazy 419 00:22:08,695 --> 00:22:11,395 If you poured concrete on 'em. 420 00:22:11,397 --> 00:22:13,497 And generally always try to get it as tight 421 00:22:13,499 --> 00:22:15,499 And perfect as possible. 422 00:22:15,501 --> 00:22:18,903 And hopefully, this does it. 423 00:22:18,905 --> 00:22:20,938 ♪ 424 00:22:20,940 --> 00:22:22,907 Narrator: This accuracy is even more important 425 00:22:22,909 --> 00:22:25,176 In the knuckle area. 426 00:22:25,178 --> 00:22:28,279 Here, the team has to use a special concrete 427 00:22:28,281 --> 00:22:30,948 That is far less viscous than normal. 428 00:22:30,950 --> 00:22:34,919 A 16th gap in plywood and it'll spray, just spray out. 429 00:22:34,921 --> 00:22:39,290 It's awesome. Pour days are fun. 430 00:22:39,292 --> 00:22:40,925 You don't want to have concrete 431 00:22:40,927 --> 00:22:42,827 That flows through the form and, you know, 432 00:22:42,829 --> 00:22:45,062 Pours out on top of the freeway or into the l.A. River, 433 00:22:45,064 --> 00:22:50,201 So we'll have to make sure that the forms are water tight. 434 00:22:50,203 --> 00:22:53,304 Narrator: But when the time comes to pour concrete, 435 00:22:53,306 --> 00:22:56,507 Leaks are not the team's only worry. 436 00:22:56,509 --> 00:23:01,045 ♪ 437 00:23:01,047 --> 00:23:04,415 Mullins: Anything left yet? No? [bleep]. 438 00:23:04,417 --> 00:23:08,619 ♪ 439 00:23:10,823 --> 00:23:13,991 ♪ 440 00:23:13,993 --> 00:23:18,462 Narrator: At los angeles' new sixth street bridge, 441 00:23:18,464 --> 00:23:23,200 Workers are tackling the next stage of this mammoth build. 442 00:23:23,202 --> 00:23:25,603 Using a special water-thin concrete 443 00:23:25,605 --> 00:23:28,672 To fill the huge so-called knuckle sections 444 00:23:28,674 --> 00:23:32,176 Of the 3,000-foot long super structure. 445 00:23:32,178 --> 00:23:34,812 Within this zone in particular there's a lot of congestion 446 00:23:34,814 --> 00:23:37,181 So it's very challenging for the contractor 447 00:23:37,183 --> 00:23:38,883 To be able to make sure everything fits 448 00:23:38,885 --> 00:23:42,386 And be able to get concrete in all of those spaces. 449 00:23:42,388 --> 00:23:46,590 ♪ 450 00:23:46,592 --> 00:23:49,360 Narrator: It's the day of the concrete pour. 451 00:23:49,362 --> 00:23:52,296 Construction manager dale mullins has brought his men 452 00:23:52,298 --> 00:23:55,666 In early to beat the l.A. Gridlock. 453 00:23:55,668 --> 00:23:56,901 Yeah. 454 00:23:56,903 --> 00:23:58,169 It is about 4:15, 455 00:23:58,171 --> 00:24:01,105 Our concrete truck should be arriving any minute. 456 00:24:01,107 --> 00:24:02,840 Narrator: Sticking to a strict timetable 457 00:24:02,842 --> 00:24:06,477 Is crucial to having the concrete set properly. 458 00:24:06,479 --> 00:24:09,013 The constant flow of trucks is really important. 459 00:24:09,015 --> 00:24:11,415 Being in l.A. You always have to deal with traffic 460 00:24:11,417 --> 00:24:14,385 And the concrete trucks getting here. 461 00:24:14,387 --> 00:24:16,287 Narrator: Even with the early start, 462 00:24:16,289 --> 00:24:19,857 This job will take the crew an entire day. 463 00:24:19,859 --> 00:24:23,694 Mullins: This pour should take between 10 and 12 hours. 464 00:24:23,696 --> 00:24:24,995 Big day for us. 465 00:24:24,997 --> 00:24:28,132 We like pouring concrete, that's what we do. 466 00:24:28,134 --> 00:24:30,568 Narrator: But as the minutes tick by, 467 00:24:30,570 --> 00:24:33,671 There's no sign of the trucks. 468 00:24:33,673 --> 00:24:37,074 Mullins: I'm gonna call and see where the trucks are at. 469 00:24:37,076 --> 00:24:38,876 Anything left yet? 470 00:24:38,878 --> 00:24:43,314 No? [bleep]. 471 00:24:43,316 --> 00:24:45,716 All right, well, let me know when he leaves. 472 00:24:45,718 --> 00:24:47,952 Narrator: Additional testing at the concrete plant 473 00:24:47,954 --> 00:24:49,854 Has delayed the trucks 474 00:24:49,856 --> 00:24:53,724 And thrown dale's plans way off track. 475 00:24:53,726 --> 00:24:55,793 4:35. [bleep]. 476 00:24:55,795 --> 00:25:00,264 I bet you we don't get a truck here till 5:00. 477 00:25:00,266 --> 00:25:02,633 Narrator: Over an hour later, 478 00:25:02,635 --> 00:25:06,437 The first truck finally arrives. 479 00:25:06,439 --> 00:25:09,073 But dale's wait isn't over. 480 00:25:09,075 --> 00:25:11,642 The concrete has to be tested again 481 00:25:11,644 --> 00:25:13,611 Before the team can pour it. 482 00:25:13,613 --> 00:25:16,247 Mullins: This is where we lose [bleep] time right here. 483 00:25:16,249 --> 00:25:18,516 Narrator: If the concrete is left to sit in the truck 484 00:25:18,518 --> 00:25:20,451 For longer than two hours, 485 00:25:20,453 --> 00:25:25,623 It will spoil and the entire truckload will be wasted. 486 00:25:25,625 --> 00:25:26,991 Mullins: So we've got two hours. 487 00:25:26,993 --> 00:25:30,794 So at 4:06, this was batched. 488 00:25:30,796 --> 00:25:34,798 So we've got till 6:06 period, we will not go over. 489 00:25:34,800 --> 00:25:38,002 Narrator: Dale's team's in a race against time. 490 00:25:38,004 --> 00:25:39,303 Mullins: Concrete always has a time limit. 491 00:25:39,305 --> 00:25:41,238 From the time it's batched to the time 492 00:25:41,240 --> 00:25:43,807 You can put it into position. 493 00:25:43,809 --> 00:25:46,076 It's kind of the science of concrete. 494 00:25:46,078 --> 00:25:51,448 Which is a little bit above my head. [ laughs ] 495 00:25:51,450 --> 00:25:53,851 I only got 20 minutes left on this truck 496 00:25:53,853 --> 00:25:55,052 So I know you guys got to do 497 00:25:55,054 --> 00:25:59,690 What you got to do but please hurry. 498 00:25:59,692 --> 00:26:03,627 They're testing the consistency of the concrete right now. 499 00:26:03,629 --> 00:26:04,695 -Good? -Yeah. 500 00:26:04,697 --> 00:26:05,829 Okay. 501 00:26:05,831 --> 00:26:07,197 Narrator: With just minutes to spare... 502 00:26:07,199 --> 00:26:09,400 Mullins: I'm gonna back him in. 503 00:26:09,402 --> 00:26:11,702 Narrator: ...The truck begins to pour. 504 00:26:11,704 --> 00:26:15,940 ♪ 505 00:26:15,942 --> 00:26:19,944 Keep it going, baby, keep it going. 506 00:26:19,946 --> 00:26:21,178 And we made it. 507 00:26:21,180 --> 00:26:23,447 All right. What have we got? 508 00:26:23,449 --> 00:26:26,150 Two minutes to spare, just barely. 509 00:26:26,152 --> 00:26:28,919 ♪ 510 00:26:28,921 --> 00:26:33,157 Narrator: The next truck pulls in and things are looking up. 511 00:26:33,159 --> 00:26:36,760 Each truckload goes into a pump, which pushes concrete up 512 00:26:36,762 --> 00:26:41,432 Through long arms and down into the hollow form work. 513 00:26:41,434 --> 00:26:44,001 About 45 more of them and we'll be done. 514 00:26:44,003 --> 00:26:47,972 ♪ 515 00:26:47,974 --> 00:26:51,141 Narrator: But with day break comes the next danger -- 516 00:26:51,143 --> 00:26:54,778 The baking california sun. 517 00:26:54,780 --> 00:26:59,984 Concrete warms as it sets, and weakens if it gets too hot. 518 00:26:59,986 --> 00:27:02,886 So the team needs a way to cool each truckload 519 00:27:02,888 --> 00:27:06,123 Before they pour it. 520 00:27:06,125 --> 00:27:10,127 Luckily, dale has a secret weapon. 521 00:27:10,129 --> 00:27:14,798 This build site has its very own liquid nitrogen plant 522 00:27:14,800 --> 00:27:17,468 That injects each truck on arrival. 523 00:27:17,470 --> 00:27:24,008 ♪ 524 00:27:24,010 --> 00:27:26,410 This instantly cools the concrete mix 525 00:27:26,412 --> 00:27:29,613 By over 30 degrees. 526 00:27:29,615 --> 00:27:31,649 The first couple of times I saw it, 527 00:27:31,651 --> 00:27:34,018 I've stopped and stared at it probably for 10 minutes, 528 00:27:34,020 --> 00:27:38,122 It was like, man, that's cool. 529 00:27:38,124 --> 00:27:41,125 Narrator: As the heat rises, the concrete trucks 530 00:27:41,127 --> 00:27:44,595 And the liquid nitrogen are in full flow. 531 00:27:44,597 --> 00:27:49,733 ♪ 532 00:27:49,735 --> 00:27:50,868 How's it going? 533 00:27:50,870 --> 00:27:52,670 Everything's going good right now. 534 00:27:52,672 --> 00:27:54,204 We're a little bit behind schedule 535 00:27:54,206 --> 00:27:57,074 Due to some concrete service but we worked out the kinks, 536 00:27:57,076 --> 00:27:59,576 We're about half way on all four knuckles 537 00:27:59,578 --> 00:28:02,446 And things are going pretty good. 538 00:28:02,448 --> 00:28:04,114 Narrator: The team can't stop 539 00:28:04,116 --> 00:28:06,950 Once the concrete pour is underway. 540 00:28:06,952 --> 00:28:11,055 Eventually, more than 12 hours after they began, 541 00:28:11,057 --> 00:28:13,724 The knuckle pour is complete. 542 00:28:13,726 --> 00:28:17,528 ♪ 543 00:28:17,530 --> 00:28:22,199 A relieved dale can finally get some rest. 544 00:28:22,201 --> 00:28:25,536 That's the final truck, we're all done. Hallelujah. 545 00:28:25,538 --> 00:28:27,671 We started in the dark and we finished in the dark, 546 00:28:27,673 --> 00:28:30,507 So, pretty long day. 547 00:28:30,509 --> 00:28:33,644 One step closer to the coolest bridge 548 00:28:33,646 --> 00:28:35,345 I've ever worked on. 549 00:28:35,347 --> 00:28:44,822 ♪ 550 00:28:44,824 --> 00:28:46,757 Narrator: Over the next six months, 551 00:28:46,759 --> 00:28:49,493 Workers cast another 36 knuckles 552 00:28:49,495 --> 00:28:54,298 To top each of the bridges' y-shaped columns. 553 00:28:54,300 --> 00:28:57,868 Now, the team faces their next big challenge. 554 00:28:57,870 --> 00:29:00,938 They need a way to hold up a heavy road deck 555 00:29:00,940 --> 00:29:05,476 And 16,000 cars a day across the long, 556 00:29:05,478 --> 00:29:08,812 Unsupported distances between the columns. 557 00:29:08,814 --> 00:29:11,014 ♪ 558 00:29:11,016 --> 00:29:13,984 This is it, we're almost at a million pounds. 559 00:29:13,986 --> 00:29:18,822 ♪ 560 00:29:20,860 --> 00:29:23,594 ♪ 561 00:29:23,596 --> 00:29:26,663 Narrator: In los angeles, the team building the city's 562 00:29:26,665 --> 00:29:29,900 New sixth street bridge needs a way of supporting 563 00:29:29,902 --> 00:29:34,404 This 3,000-foot long structure between its giant pillars. 564 00:29:34,406 --> 00:29:36,240 ♪ 565 00:29:36,242 --> 00:29:40,210 Maltzan: Each part of the new bridge has a very long span. 566 00:29:40,212 --> 00:29:44,114 200 feet from column to column. 567 00:29:44,116 --> 00:29:45,415 Narrator: Architect michael maltzan's 568 00:29:45,417 --> 00:29:47,184 Solution is to borrow 569 00:29:47,186 --> 00:29:50,354 The iconic river arches of the old bridge. 570 00:29:50,356 --> 00:29:53,223 I thought the arch was something 571 00:29:53,225 --> 00:29:55,459 That maybe we could make more out of 572 00:29:55,461 --> 00:29:59,730 By taking the two arches that span the river only, 573 00:29:59,732 --> 00:30:04,101 And stretching those so that they're now 10 pairs of arches, 574 00:30:04,103 --> 00:30:08,105 20 arches in total tying communities together. 575 00:30:08,107 --> 00:30:11,175 Narrator: Each arch acts as a suspension bridge, 576 00:30:11,177 --> 00:30:13,577 Holding up its own span. 577 00:30:13,579 --> 00:30:16,280 But michael wants something slender and elegant 578 00:30:16,282 --> 00:30:19,883 Compared to the thick girders of the old bridge arches. 579 00:30:19,885 --> 00:30:22,252 So the weight of the enormously long spans 580 00:30:22,254 --> 00:30:25,889 Will need to hang on thin metal cables. 581 00:30:25,891 --> 00:30:29,293 ♪ 582 00:30:29,295 --> 00:30:31,728 Compared to the old viaduct, 583 00:30:31,730 --> 00:30:35,999 The new bridge's supports are far more spread out. 584 00:30:36,001 --> 00:30:39,770 The concrete arches rising from the arms of each y column 585 00:30:39,772 --> 00:30:43,040 Will support the roadway along these longer spans, 586 00:30:43,042 --> 00:30:46,009 Just like a suspension bridge. 587 00:30:46,011 --> 00:30:49,546 The arches will lean outwards by nine degrees 588 00:30:49,548 --> 00:30:52,182 To make the road feel more open 589 00:30:52,184 --> 00:30:58,021 And hold up the road deck with an array of steel cables. 590 00:30:58,023 --> 00:31:01,225 Each one is strong enough to hold a million pounds... 591 00:31:01,227 --> 00:31:04,294 ♪ 592 00:31:04,296 --> 00:31:07,064 ...But slender enough to disappear 593 00:31:07,066 --> 00:31:10,734 When the spectacular ribbon is illuminated at night. 594 00:31:10,736 --> 00:31:17,507 ♪ 595 00:31:17,509 --> 00:31:20,277 To design the super strong cable they need, 596 00:31:20,279 --> 00:31:23,146 The l.A. Team works with tim klein, 597 00:31:23,148 --> 00:31:25,916 One of america's leading cable experts. 598 00:31:25,918 --> 00:31:27,985 The structural strand that we produce is made 599 00:31:27,987 --> 00:31:29,987 By alternating the layers of wires. 600 00:31:29,989 --> 00:31:31,955 We produce them from the right to the left 601 00:31:31,957 --> 00:31:34,591 And continue to build those layers on top of one another. 602 00:31:34,593 --> 00:31:36,927 So we're taking 176 wires 603 00:31:36,929 --> 00:31:39,496 And spinning them in alternate directions 604 00:31:39,498 --> 00:31:43,867 To provide that ultimate strength. 605 00:31:43,869 --> 00:31:44,935 Narrator: The steel strand 606 00:31:44,937 --> 00:31:48,171 For l.A.'s newest bridge will be produced 607 00:31:48,173 --> 00:31:52,175 On one of the industry's oldest machines. 608 00:31:52,177 --> 00:31:54,678 We produce cables for the new san francisco 609 00:31:54,680 --> 00:31:57,180 Oakland bay bridge, the manhattan bridge. 610 00:31:57,182 --> 00:31:59,583 We produced cables for the brooklyn bridge. 611 00:31:59,585 --> 00:32:01,885 And the san francisco golden gate bridge. 612 00:32:01,887 --> 00:32:03,553 So over the years, we've produced 613 00:32:03,555 --> 00:32:06,056 Millions of feet of strand on this machine. 614 00:32:06,058 --> 00:32:09,660 ♪ 615 00:32:09,662 --> 00:32:11,662 This is what we call a planetary strander, 616 00:32:11,664 --> 00:32:14,231 Meaning the bobbins move around the center of the wire, 617 00:32:14,233 --> 00:32:19,202 Like planets around the sun. 618 00:32:19,204 --> 00:32:20,904 Narrator: The safety of the entire bridge 619 00:32:20,906 --> 00:32:22,873 Rests on these cables, 620 00:32:22,875 --> 00:32:26,343 So a practical test of their strength is critical. 621 00:32:26,345 --> 00:32:29,079 If we don't meet the requirements a lot of people 622 00:32:29,081 --> 00:32:30,614 Are gonna have to explain 623 00:32:30,616 --> 00:32:33,350 Why our calculations didn't come up correctly. 624 00:32:33,352 --> 00:32:40,223 ♪ 625 00:32:40,225 --> 00:32:41,792 Narrator: At this special facility 626 00:32:41,794 --> 00:32:44,928 In long beach, california, 627 00:32:44,930 --> 00:32:46,964 Structural engineer kyle reed 628 00:32:46,966 --> 00:32:50,167 Is about to put tim's hanger cable to the test. 629 00:32:50,169 --> 00:32:52,569 ♪ 630 00:32:52,571 --> 00:32:56,039 We're gonna be pulling these cables with the hydraulic ram 631 00:32:56,041 --> 00:32:58,108 That can pull up to three million pounds. 632 00:32:58,110 --> 00:33:01,044 So seeing these cables perform today 633 00:33:01,046 --> 00:33:04,214 Is crucial to the path of the project. 634 00:33:04,216 --> 00:33:06,149 Narrator: The testers rig up one sample 635 00:33:06,151 --> 00:33:09,186 From each lot of cables tim's team produced 636 00:33:09,188 --> 00:33:12,122 And pull it until it snaps. 637 00:33:12,124 --> 00:33:14,257 If any sample breaks before it reaches 638 00:33:14,259 --> 00:33:16,893 The required tension of one million pounds, 639 00:33:16,895 --> 00:33:19,696 Kyle has to reject the entire batch. 640 00:33:19,698 --> 00:33:21,865 We're getting ready to start the test if you wouldn't mind 641 00:33:21,867 --> 00:33:24,735 Stepping in behind the scatter shield, please, thank you. 642 00:33:24,737 --> 00:33:26,837 Narrator: Everyone retreats to safety. 643 00:33:26,839 --> 00:33:27,838 You good to go? 644 00:33:27,840 --> 00:33:32,042 ♪ 645 00:33:32,044 --> 00:33:34,077 Narrator: As the huge ram fires up 646 00:33:34,079 --> 00:33:36,613 And the cable takes the strain... 647 00:33:36,615 --> 00:33:42,319 ♪ 648 00:33:42,321 --> 00:33:48,158 ♪ 649 00:33:48,160 --> 00:33:52,295 Reed: If the sample does fail, that entire lot will be scrapped 650 00:33:52,297 --> 00:33:53,864 And we'll have to go back 651 00:33:53,866 --> 00:33:56,767 And start all over and make new cable. 652 00:33:56,769 --> 00:33:59,469 Narrator: The tension builds. 653 00:33:59,471 --> 00:34:01,905 Reed: We're at 750,000 pounds, 654 00:34:01,907 --> 00:34:03,473 The cable seems to be holding up well. 655 00:34:03,475 --> 00:34:06,676 We're gonna take it to the final strength 656 00:34:06,678 --> 00:34:08,578 Any minute now. 657 00:34:08,580 --> 00:34:12,315 ♪ 658 00:34:12,317 --> 00:34:14,684 This is it, we're almost at a million pounds. 659 00:34:14,686 --> 00:34:16,553 At any moment you should hear this cable snap. 660 00:34:16,555 --> 00:34:26,129 ♪ 661 00:34:26,131 --> 00:34:29,900 Narrator: Under immense force, the first wires begin to pop... 662 00:34:29,902 --> 00:34:33,036 ♪ 663 00:34:33,038 --> 00:34:35,238 ...And the cable goes. 664 00:34:35,240 --> 00:34:42,446 ♪ 665 00:34:42,448 --> 00:34:45,749 They calculate the final numbers 666 00:34:45,751 --> 00:34:49,152 And to tim's relief, it's a pass. 667 00:34:49,154 --> 00:34:50,387 Good job out there. 668 00:34:58,230 --> 00:35:00,997 Narrator: Kyle has cleared the first batch of hanger cables 669 00:35:00,999 --> 00:35:03,633 For use on the project. 670 00:35:03,635 --> 00:35:06,636 ♪ 671 00:35:06,638 --> 00:35:08,405 And the team is a major step 672 00:35:08,407 --> 00:35:13,043 Closer to completing the mammoth sixth street bridge. 673 00:35:13,045 --> 00:35:15,345 But there's one critical gap in the structure 674 00:35:15,347 --> 00:35:18,081 Still left to tackle -- 675 00:35:18,083 --> 00:35:21,818 Across the active railroad tracks. 676 00:35:21,820 --> 00:35:23,620 We have 18 total railroad tracks 677 00:35:23,622 --> 00:35:29,392 That we're crossing with five different rail agencies. 678 00:35:29,394 --> 00:35:31,061 They cannot relax. 679 00:35:31,063 --> 00:35:34,631 They got to stay on their toes at all times. 680 00:35:34,633 --> 00:35:37,501 ♪ 681 00:35:39,571 --> 00:35:44,074 ♪ 682 00:35:44,076 --> 00:35:46,143 Narrator: In los angeles, 683 00:35:46,145 --> 00:35:49,880 The brand-new sixth street bridge is taking shape. 684 00:35:49,882 --> 00:35:54,017 ♪ 685 00:35:54,019 --> 00:35:58,155 The iconic y-shaped columns have been cast and engineers 686 00:35:58,157 --> 00:36:04,027 Are strengthening the beams intended to hold the road deck. 687 00:36:04,029 --> 00:36:06,530 But there's one crucial gap in the structure 688 00:36:06,532 --> 00:36:08,665 Still left to bridge 689 00:36:08,667 --> 00:36:12,269 Across these busy railroad tracks. 690 00:36:12,271 --> 00:36:15,038 To pull off this feat, the team must first construct 691 00:36:15,040 --> 00:36:16,706 A temporary platform 692 00:36:16,708 --> 00:36:20,677 Onto which they can then safely build the roadway. 693 00:36:20,679 --> 00:36:21,912 Well, going over railroads, 694 00:36:21,914 --> 00:36:24,080 You have to build a bridge on a bridge. 695 00:36:24,082 --> 00:36:28,752 So you build this shield over the railroads. 696 00:36:28,754 --> 00:36:30,053 Narrator: This shielding platform 697 00:36:30,055 --> 00:36:32,889 Has to sit at precisely the right height 698 00:36:32,891 --> 00:36:36,159 Or the final roadway won't be level. 699 00:36:36,161 --> 00:36:39,462 And the problem with building across these railroad tracks 700 00:36:39,464 --> 00:36:43,233 Is that the trains loaded with goods never stop. 701 00:36:43,235 --> 00:36:46,136 These rail lines cannot be out of service 702 00:36:46,138 --> 00:36:49,406 Or the department stores will have no goods, 703 00:36:49,408 --> 00:36:50,941 There won't be food. 704 00:36:50,943 --> 00:36:54,311 It just is amazing responsibility 705 00:36:54,313 --> 00:36:58,782 To not stop the work these railroads do on a daily basis. 706 00:36:58,784 --> 00:37:01,418 Narrator: The rail companies have agreed to halt their trains 707 00:37:01,420 --> 00:37:03,153 For just one weekend, 708 00:37:03,155 --> 00:37:07,057 Giving the team a razor thin window of 59 hours 709 00:37:07,059 --> 00:37:10,727 To build the huge framework across the tracks. 710 00:37:10,729 --> 00:37:14,397 ♪ 711 00:37:14,399 --> 00:37:17,367 As soon as the main tracks are clear, 712 00:37:17,369 --> 00:37:22,539 Forklifts carry in 40-foot long metal pipes. 713 00:37:22,541 --> 00:37:25,875 Then iron workers place them in a row 714 00:37:25,877 --> 00:37:28,612 And join them with huge girders at the top 715 00:37:28,614 --> 00:37:31,448 And bottom of the pipes 716 00:37:31,450 --> 00:37:35,585 To create a frame called a bent. 717 00:37:35,587 --> 00:37:37,787 The team cranes it upright 718 00:37:37,789 --> 00:37:41,024 And secures it against large concrete blocks. 719 00:37:41,026 --> 00:37:43,260 ♪ 720 00:37:43,262 --> 00:37:47,764 The top of ever bent must be exactly the same height 721 00:37:47,766 --> 00:37:50,433 So that steel beams placed on top 722 00:37:50,435 --> 00:37:52,235 Create a perfectly level base 723 00:37:52,237 --> 00:37:57,807 For the huge mold for the concrete road deck. 724 00:37:57,809 --> 00:38:01,111 They must finish the job within 59 hours 725 00:38:01,113 --> 00:38:04,848 Or risk bringing the rail network to a screeching halt. 726 00:38:04,850 --> 00:38:07,083 ♪ 727 00:38:07,085 --> 00:38:09,286 Friday, 6 p.M. 728 00:38:09,288 --> 00:38:13,857 Superintendent saul macias leads the first of five shifts. 729 00:38:13,859 --> 00:38:15,759 Macias: We need to build two bents. 730 00:38:15,761 --> 00:38:18,061 Try to get them ready for the morning shift. 731 00:38:18,063 --> 00:38:20,830 The goal for tonight is to get those two bents stood. 732 00:38:20,832 --> 00:38:23,600 ♪ 733 00:38:23,602 --> 00:38:25,635 Narrator: With so much time pressure, 734 00:38:25,637 --> 00:38:27,737 The crammed patch of railway track 735 00:38:27,739 --> 00:38:30,940 Is a relentless stream of machines and materials. 736 00:38:30,942 --> 00:38:37,681 ♪ 737 00:38:37,683 --> 00:38:39,115 Well, there's a lot of dangers in here, 738 00:38:39,117 --> 00:38:42,285 We got forklifts coming in, in and out. 739 00:38:42,287 --> 00:38:43,653 We got cranes going in. 740 00:38:43,655 --> 00:38:46,823 We got powerlines up overhead. 741 00:38:46,825 --> 00:38:49,225 A lot of people, it's a very small area. 742 00:38:49,227 --> 00:38:52,095 So we need to make sure everybody know what it's doing. 743 00:38:52,097 --> 00:38:54,397 Narrator: They lay down one pipe after another 744 00:38:54,399 --> 00:38:56,333 To create the bent. 745 00:38:56,335 --> 00:38:58,568 So we're gonna built the bents right there 746 00:38:58,570 --> 00:38:59,969 In the middle of the tracks. 747 00:38:59,971 --> 00:39:01,404 They're gonna be built flat 748 00:39:01,406 --> 00:39:03,473 And then we'll stand them up with the crane. 749 00:39:03,475 --> 00:39:04,774 Because the morning guys are gonna come in, 750 00:39:04,776 --> 00:39:06,609 They're gonna start setting those beams. 751 00:39:06,611 --> 00:39:07,811 So yeah, we got to make sure 752 00:39:07,813 --> 00:39:10,947 We get these bents up before they get here. 753 00:39:10,949 --> 00:39:13,350 Narrator: The crew raises the first bent. 754 00:39:13,352 --> 00:39:17,854 But just as it becomes vertical, they spot a problem. 755 00:39:17,856 --> 00:39:20,156 The first pipes were the wrong length 756 00:39:20,158 --> 00:39:23,426 And the top of the bent is too low. 757 00:39:23,428 --> 00:39:27,430 Guys, you're a wedge back are not lining up with your pin. 758 00:39:27,432 --> 00:39:29,466 Looks like it's going downhill. 759 00:39:29,468 --> 00:39:31,568 Narrator: If the deck doesn't sit level, 760 00:39:31,570 --> 00:39:34,070 The whole bridge above it will be misaligned. 761 00:39:34,072 --> 00:39:39,008 ♪ 762 00:39:39,010 --> 00:39:40,710 The crew grabs extra blocks 763 00:39:40,712 --> 00:39:44,581 And wedges to achieve the correct height. 764 00:39:44,583 --> 00:39:46,149 It takes a long night shift 765 00:39:46,151 --> 00:39:50,320 To line up the first bent correctly and set it into place. 766 00:39:50,322 --> 00:39:52,822 ♪ 767 00:39:52,824 --> 00:39:55,425 They're now a quarter of the way through the weekend 768 00:39:55,427 --> 00:39:57,794 And running behind schedule. 769 00:39:57,796 --> 00:39:59,963 Macias: It was a long night, we got one up, 770 00:39:59,965 --> 00:40:02,065 But we could have done better. 771 00:40:02,067 --> 00:40:04,434 Rolando's coming over to take over my spot 772 00:40:04,436 --> 00:40:07,670 So hopefully their crew has got a good day. 773 00:40:07,672 --> 00:40:09,472 It's got to be done. 774 00:40:09,474 --> 00:40:14,911 ♪ 775 00:40:14,913 --> 00:40:16,946 Narrator: With the whole operation at stake, 776 00:40:16,948 --> 00:40:18,681 Foreman rolando's day shift 777 00:40:18,683 --> 00:40:23,386 Has to work twice as fast in this race to the finish. 778 00:40:23,388 --> 00:40:26,589 The rest of the huge bents go up quickly. 779 00:40:26,591 --> 00:40:28,725 Barraza: We still got a lot to do. 780 00:40:28,727 --> 00:40:31,161 We're supposed to be off the tracks by Monday morning 781 00:40:31,163 --> 00:40:32,395 At 5 a.M. 782 00:40:32,397 --> 00:40:33,930 Failure's not an option here. 783 00:40:33,932 --> 00:40:37,033 It's one of those things, we just -- you can't do it. 784 00:40:37,035 --> 00:40:38,701 Narrator: By Sunday night, 785 00:40:38,703 --> 00:40:40,570 The crews are shuttling in the long beams 786 00:40:40,572 --> 00:40:42,639 As fast as they can. 787 00:40:42,641 --> 00:40:46,443 We got a limited amount of space here, so everything's long 788 00:40:46,445 --> 00:40:47,710 And everything's gonna be real tight, 789 00:40:47,712 --> 00:40:48,778 So we got to be careful. 790 00:40:48,780 --> 00:40:52,882 ♪ 791 00:40:52,884 --> 00:40:54,951 Narrator: At 1 a.M. On Monday morning, 792 00:40:54,953 --> 00:40:57,053 Four hours ahead of schedule, 793 00:40:57,055 --> 00:40:59,322 The crane lifts the final beam. 794 00:40:59,324 --> 00:41:00,857 That's it, that's all she wrote. 795 00:41:00,859 --> 00:41:02,725 Touchdown. Final one. 796 00:41:02,727 --> 00:41:04,294 Narrator: The team has finished the most crucial 797 00:41:04,296 --> 00:41:05,829 And dangerous stage 798 00:41:05,831 --> 00:41:09,265 Of the build in time and unscathed. 799 00:41:09,267 --> 00:41:10,733 I'm really happy. 800 00:41:10,735 --> 00:41:14,370 Big milestone for us, you know, zero incidents, no injuries. 801 00:41:14,372 --> 00:41:16,072 You know, one more big step. 802 00:41:16,074 --> 00:41:20,844 ♪ 803 00:41:20,846 --> 00:41:24,147 Narrator: The crew pushes on to bridge the remaining gaps 804 00:41:24,149 --> 00:41:26,149 And install the road deck. 805 00:41:26,151 --> 00:41:30,053 ♪ 806 00:41:30,055 --> 00:41:31,855 Knowing that I'm building something 807 00:41:31,857 --> 00:41:35,992 That's gonna be standing for what they figure over 100 years, 808 00:41:35,994 --> 00:41:38,495 To me, it blows me away. 809 00:41:38,497 --> 00:41:40,430 I've been doing this for 14 years, 810 00:41:40,432 --> 00:41:42,398 There's nothing else like this. 811 00:41:42,400 --> 00:41:43,833 Narrator: When it opens, 812 00:41:43,835 --> 00:41:48,705 This bridge will stand strong well into the next century 813 00:41:48,707 --> 00:41:53,776 Becoming a bold, new icon for the los angeles skyline. 814 00:41:53,778 --> 00:41:56,679 It's really one of a kind structure for the entire world. 815 00:41:56,681 --> 00:41:58,414 There's nothing quite like it anywhere else 816 00:41:58,416 --> 00:41:59,883 In the united states. 817 00:41:59,885 --> 00:42:04,554 ♪ 70503

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