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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:32,720 --> 00:00:36,960 How do intelligence agencies around the world recruit assets? 2 00:00:37,520 --> 00:00:39,160 They fulfill your desires. 3 00:00:40,040 --> 00:00:42,360 What are your desires. Give me one, a little dream of yours. 4 00:00:42,760 --> 00:00:45,680 -Give me a dream. -To shoot movies in Los Angeles. 5 00:00:46,160 --> 00:00:49,040 He wants to shoot movies in Los Angeles. Alright? 6 00:00:51,160 --> 00:00:57,520 To be recruited, he needs to believe I’m looking for a cameraman in LA. 7 00:00:58,480 --> 00:01:01,360 I establish a relationship with him, a long running one, 8 00:01:01,480 --> 00:01:04,360 and I convince him that he’ll eventually get that job in Los Angeles. 9 00:01:07,320 --> 00:01:11,240 I tell him, "Look, drive down... You know what? Choose a highway. 10 00:01:11,560 --> 00:01:13,400 Go and film both sides of the highway.” 11 00:01:13,600 --> 00:01:14,440 OK? 12 00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:20,400 "Show me how good your footage is. Focus on points of interest." 13 00:01:22,480 --> 00:01:25,320 He'll receive plenty of compliments for his work, and maybe even some money, 14 00:01:25,920 --> 00:01:30,880 and he'll get any number of these tests, all as part of his future work in LA. 15 00:01:31,800 --> 00:01:35,840 By the time he realizes that what he’s done 16 00:01:36,440 --> 00:01:39,440 could land him in a Shin Bet interrogation room, 17 00:01:39,800 --> 00:01:43,840 he'll have a hard time stopping, especially if the money is good. 18 00:01:44,200 --> 00:01:46,360 Okay, Los Angeles can wait a few more years. 19 00:01:49,040 --> 00:01:51,320 An agency’s system for recruiting assets 20 00:01:51,520 --> 00:01:54,640 is very similar to a con operation. 21 00:01:55,240 --> 00:01:58,680 You have to believe that what you're being sold is real, 22 00:01:58,800 --> 00:02:02,160 and the moment it becomes clear to you that you've crossed a line 23 00:02:02,240 --> 00:02:07,120 you'll have a hard time moving on without accepting your new reality. 24 00:02:47,080 --> 00:02:49,640 INSIDE THE MOSSAD 25 00:03:01,520 --> 00:03:03,760 04:30 - 04:32 26 00:03:30,400 --> 00:03:33,280 What’s running through your mind as you sit here, in front of us? 27 00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:37,640 I'm sitting here, under the lights, 28 00:03:37,720 --> 00:03:39,560 and you're all in front of me, in the dark, 29 00:03:40,280 --> 00:03:43,800 with all sorts of devices which I need to figure out what they're for... 30 00:03:44,480 --> 00:03:48,320 Each one of you, on set, operates in a state of certainty. 31 00:03:48,440 --> 00:03:50,600 You've got certain parameters, certain numbers, 32 00:03:50,800 --> 00:03:53,680 to make sure the picture comes out right, 33 00:03:53,840 --> 00:03:57,280 and you know, from your schooling, that you need to hit those numbers. 34 00:03:57,800 --> 00:03:59,800 In total contrast to your line of work, 35 00:04:00,160 --> 00:04:02,600 we work in a state of uncertainty. 36 00:04:03,360 --> 00:04:05,280 You never really know 37 00:04:05,760 --> 00:04:08,880 if the asset across from you is working for you or against you, 38 00:04:09,160 --> 00:04:11,320 or both at the same time. You never know. 39 00:04:11,680 --> 00:04:14,960 You work based on assumptions, on hunches, on hopes. 40 00:04:15,680 --> 00:04:17,960 At the end of the day, you have to acquit yourself. 41 00:04:18,160 --> 00:04:20,800 Have you got what it takes? 42 00:04:21,160 --> 00:04:25,240 Can you survive the stress of it? And this job has a lot of stress. 43 00:04:26,520 --> 00:04:29,400 YEHIAM MART MOSSAD-ASSET RECRUITMENT 1975-2000 44 00:04:30,600 --> 00:04:33,800 When the Mossad contacted me, I was 22-23 years old. 45 00:04:36,080 --> 00:04:38,600 At the time, I was working security on El-Al planes. 46 00:04:41,280 --> 00:04:45,560 El-Al was no picnic. There was gun violence on planes, hijackings, 47 00:04:45,760 --> 00:04:48,120 passengers were shot at check-in counters... 48 00:04:50,920 --> 00:04:53,480 On the other hand, working security for El-Al 49 00:04:53,920 --> 00:04:55,600 is a great job to have at that age. 50 00:04:55,960 --> 00:04:57,480 Air crews, stewardesses... 51 00:04:58,160 --> 00:05:01,400 I wanted to go on working for El-Al, so I told them no. 52 00:05:01,640 --> 00:05:04,800 They said "Go to college. We'll stay in touch with you." 53 00:05:05,280 --> 00:05:06,360 And that's what happened. 54 00:05:08,960 --> 00:05:11,080 When and how were you recruited by Mossad? 55 00:05:11,880 --> 00:05:14,200 They approached me as a young college student. 56 00:05:14,560 --> 00:05:17,800 I was quite young, 21-22 years old. 57 00:05:18,000 --> 00:05:21,680 And since, after the '73 war, I felt, like many others, 58 00:05:22,600 --> 00:05:25,480 that we had made a mistake by not volunteering to help keep Israel safe, 59 00:05:25,600 --> 00:05:27,680 but only looked out for ourselves, 60 00:05:27,840 --> 00:05:30,280 when they approached me, I couldn't say no 61 00:05:30,440 --> 00:05:31,880 and I joined Mossad. 62 00:05:32,960 --> 00:05:35,280 Today, it's quite popular: “I graduated from ‘HaMidrasha.’” 63 00:05:36,600 --> 00:05:41,280 And as a Midrasha graduate, I feel as if I'd graduated from the air force academy. 64 00:05:42,120 --> 00:05:44,480 RAMI IGRA MOSSAD CASE OFFICER 1975-2000 65 00:05:44,600 --> 00:05:48,800 When I told my mother I’d been accepted into Mossad, 66 00:05:49,080 --> 00:05:52,160 she called all my aunts and said, "The kid is all set! 67 00:05:52,280 --> 00:05:55,920 He's got medical, social security, a pension fund... He's all set." 68 00:05:56,080 --> 00:06:00,200 Later I told her, "Mossad could have sent me to Baghdad, and all you cared about..." 69 00:06:00,360 --> 00:06:03,200 She said, "One day you'll realize that that's what's important." 70 00:06:03,600 --> 00:06:05,600 -And... -What motivated you to do it? 71 00:06:06,200 --> 00:06:08,800 -What was in it for you? -I didn't do it to save the country. 72 00:06:08,960 --> 00:06:10,680 It came along, and I went for it. 73 00:06:10,960 --> 00:06:15,160 It wasn’t as if I dreamt of being a spy as a 9-year-old. 74 00:06:16,000 --> 00:06:21,160 Luckily, I turned out to be pretty good at it. 75 00:06:24,240 --> 00:06:25,600 What were you trained to do? 76 00:06:26,520 --> 00:06:31,960 I was involved in operations, from the start and until my retirement. 77 00:06:32,160 --> 00:06:33,880 Which means...? What did you do? 78 00:06:33,960 --> 00:06:36,480 -I was involved in operations. -OK. 79 00:06:36,800 --> 00:06:39,000 Can you tell me what you did? Where you were? 80 00:06:39,160 --> 00:06:41,400 I won't go into that. Next question. 81 00:06:41,640 --> 00:06:44,080 OK. What were you trained to do? 82 00:06:44,440 --> 00:06:47,800 Do you want to keep asking the same question? Go ahead. It's OK. 83 00:06:48,480 --> 00:06:50,000 Uh... OK. 84 00:06:53,360 --> 00:06:57,600 I joined a department that was in charge of recruiting and operating assets, 85 00:06:58,080 --> 00:07:01,800 Arabs and Iranians, and that's what I did for 20 years. 86 00:07:03,760 --> 00:07:07,000 I was in a field that requires creativity... 87 00:07:07,560 --> 00:07:10,120 The professional term is "HUMINT". 88 00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:13,880 In order to recruit a person, 89 00:07:14,480 --> 00:07:17,160 to convince them to give you information, 90 00:07:17,440 --> 00:07:18,400 to the enemy, 91 00:07:18,800 --> 00:07:21,600 you have to take certain actions, and not just 92 00:07:21,880 --> 00:07:24,920 settle for convincing them that they should. Because they shouldn't. 93 00:07:25,440 --> 00:07:29,360 So this requires creativity, it requires... 94 00:07:29,760 --> 00:07:34,600 creating sets, and other things fairly reminiscent of your line of work. 95 00:07:39,320 --> 00:07:44,040 We're basically doing something which, in my opinion, 96 00:07:44,120 --> 00:07:46,240 is the most complicated thing there is. 97 00:07:46,480 --> 00:07:48,920 We're basically dealing with the human mind. 98 00:07:49,560 --> 00:07:53,920 We don't do it for fun, or because we saw it in a movie. 99 00:07:55,480 --> 00:07:59,520 Our job is to deliver intelligence, 100 00:07:59,880 --> 00:08:04,240 based on the needs of the state's security forces. 101 00:08:05,280 --> 00:08:09,440 We need to determine who might possess that intelligence, 102 00:08:10,600 --> 00:08:15,440 and once you determine who might have that information, 103 00:08:16,280 --> 00:08:19,800 you basically have to put them through a process, 104 00:08:20,440 --> 00:08:22,720 with or without their knowledge, 105 00:08:23,400 --> 00:08:27,520 so that they’ll be willing to give you the information you’re after. 106 00:08:29,480 --> 00:08:32,920 AVI DAGAN HEAD OF ASSET RECRUITMENT 1982-1984 107 00:08:33,040 --> 00:08:36,800 Basically, the person you're in contact with, 108 00:08:37,120 --> 00:08:38,720 "The Object" in our parlance, 109 00:08:39,920 --> 00:08:43,360 is about to do the most... 110 00:08:44,480 --> 00:08:46,040 despicable thing. 111 00:08:46,160 --> 00:08:48,520 He's basically going to betray his country. 112 00:08:48,800 --> 00:08:53,240 When I say “betray his country,” I don't just mean his country's values. 113 00:08:53,320 --> 00:08:54,840 He's betraying his family, 114 00:08:55,400 --> 00:08:59,440 betraying his friends, betraying the people around him. 115 00:09:02,720 --> 00:09:05,840 What kind of person do you have to be in order to cross that line? 116 00:09:06,320 --> 00:09:09,440 The asset is a normal person 117 00:09:09,720 --> 00:09:12,840 who falls into a certain situation, 118 00:09:13,120 --> 00:09:17,520 and commits an act that carries with it a lot of risk, 119 00:09:17,760 --> 00:09:19,920 a lot of dishonor, if they're caught. 120 00:09:20,320 --> 00:09:23,280 I've got hundreds and thousands of hours of conversations 121 00:09:23,520 --> 00:09:27,400 with people like that, ones that the viewer might see 122 00:09:27,520 --> 00:09:31,040 as spies, traitors to their countries... 123 00:09:31,560 --> 00:09:34,640 You quickly see they're ordinary people. You talk to them about other things, 124 00:09:34,880 --> 00:09:38,680 about soccer... He supports Barcelona, you support Manchester United. 125 00:09:39,000 --> 00:09:41,040 Girls, food, money. 126 00:09:41,200 --> 00:09:44,120 His son's taking private math lessons. 127 00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:47,520 And he's a spy. He's betraying his country for money. 128 00:09:50,520 --> 00:09:54,920 In Arab countries, treason is an unforgivable sin. 129 00:09:55,040 --> 00:09:58,880 As they say in Arabic, “You fling mud at the wall, 130 00:09:59,200 --> 00:10:01,440 and the mark stays there your whole life.” 131 00:10:01,920 --> 00:10:05,720 If you go into a Palestinian town today, 132 00:10:06,600 --> 00:10:09,200 and you ask someone, "Who lives on this street?" He'll say, 133 00:10:09,320 --> 00:10:11,480 "The teacher lives there, the engineer - there, 134 00:10:11,560 --> 00:10:14,000 the shopkeeper - there, and the traitor - there." 135 00:10:14,560 --> 00:10:18,000 Who's the traitor? It might be someone whose grandfather 136 00:10:18,520 --> 00:10:21,440 committed treason during the Arab revolt of '36 137 00:10:21,680 --> 00:10:22,920 and it’s stayed in the family. 138 00:10:23,080 --> 00:10:25,800 Is it possible that their children are still labeled traitors? 139 00:10:25,920 --> 00:10:28,720 Of course they are. 140 00:10:29,200 --> 00:10:31,080 For us, dishonor... 141 00:10:31,520 --> 00:10:33,400 We're a forgiving country. 142 00:10:33,680 --> 00:10:36,320 Our enemies are not forgiving. Our enemies... 143 00:10:37,760 --> 00:10:41,520 would even kill the cousin of the man who betrayed them. 144 00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:51,720 What kind of training do you need in order to be a case officer? 145 00:10:52,200 --> 00:10:56,600 Anyone who wants to be a case officer has to learn hand-to-hand combat, 146 00:10:57,040 --> 00:11:00,280 and learn to use a weapon. 147 00:11:00,560 --> 00:11:05,440 But you also learn table manners, 148 00:11:06,400 --> 00:11:08,920 which hand holds the fork. 149 00:11:10,480 --> 00:11:12,480 YOSSI ALPHER MOSSAD CASE OFFICER 1969-1981 150 00:11:12,560 --> 00:11:15,920 I grew up in a Jewish, non-Zionist family, 151 00:11:16,280 --> 00:11:17,880 in the Washington DC area. 152 00:11:18,080 --> 00:11:21,120 As a teenager, I was a star 153 00:11:21,760 --> 00:11:25,120 in a program called "Youth Wants to Know.” 154 00:11:26,280 --> 00:11:28,720 Along with ten other teenagers, 155 00:11:29,160 --> 00:11:31,600 we interviewed, among others, JFK, 156 00:11:31,720 --> 00:11:34,120 three times, before he became president. 157 00:11:36,640 --> 00:11:40,320 They showed documentaries about the Holocaust. 158 00:11:40,680 --> 00:11:42,720 I learned about the Holocaust for the first time. 159 00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:45,920 And that stirred strong feelings in me, 160 00:11:46,720 --> 00:11:48,400 that I owe something... 161 00:11:49,480 --> 00:11:50,720 That I have to do something. 162 00:11:52,720 --> 00:11:55,120 Where did they send you? What did you do? 163 00:11:56,120 --> 00:11:57,920 I was a case officer. 164 00:12:00,440 --> 00:12:02,040 What does a case officer do? 165 00:12:03,520 --> 00:12:05,720 He recruits sources and handles them. 166 00:12:07,080 --> 00:12:10,040 He essentially convinces someone to betray their own people, no? 167 00:12:10,800 --> 00:12:13,480 You know what? You're taking me in a direction 168 00:12:13,640 --> 00:12:15,800 that I have no desire to talk about, I'm sorry. 169 00:12:18,280 --> 00:12:21,440 Could you share a story about an asset’s recruitment? 170 00:12:21,680 --> 00:12:23,600 One that you handled personally? 171 00:12:26,800 --> 00:12:29,000 I can tell you about a certain object 172 00:12:29,240 --> 00:12:34,600 that we’d pursued for ten years, unsuccessfully. 173 00:12:36,200 --> 00:12:38,720 We knew that he was probably homosexual. 174 00:12:39,680 --> 00:12:42,040 It wasn't easy for an Arab to be gay in the '70s. 175 00:12:42,200 --> 00:12:44,120 It's not easy today, either. 176 00:12:47,480 --> 00:12:52,120 They set up a lunch for us at a nice restaurant in a European city, 177 00:12:54,080 --> 00:12:57,840 and because we suspected he had contact with his country's intelligence agency, 178 00:12:58,360 --> 00:13:02,240 the preparations for the meeting were very tense. 179 00:13:04,320 --> 00:13:07,760 My purpose in that meeting was to recruit him. 180 00:13:08,240 --> 00:13:11,760 And recruiting him meant, in practical terms, 181 00:13:12,720 --> 00:13:15,040 to receive information from him, and to give him money. 182 00:13:17,440 --> 00:13:20,680 Of course, I was undercover. I recruited him undercover. 183 00:13:21,640 --> 00:13:28,080 And we pussy-footed through the conversation about what I was there to do. 184 00:13:30,200 --> 00:13:32,360 Until, at a certain moment, 185 00:13:32,560 --> 00:13:35,400 I noticed a look in his eyes. 186 00:13:36,600 --> 00:13:40,480 And that's where my American background came into play. 187 00:13:40,640 --> 00:13:43,080 That look took me back 188 00:13:43,600 --> 00:13:47,400 to the New York subway, at 2:00 AM. 189 00:13:49,640 --> 00:13:53,600 Anyone who happened to be on a subway platform at 2:00 AM, 190 00:13:53,840 --> 00:13:57,800 in the 1960s at least, would encounter homosexuals, 191 00:13:58,320 --> 00:14:01,320 who were cruising for partners. 192 00:14:02,040 --> 00:14:04,160 That was it. I knew that look. 193 00:14:06,080 --> 00:14:08,600 And now I knew what I had to do. 194 00:14:09,240 --> 00:14:12,800 I took the envelope with the money out of my pocket, 195 00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:19,000 and I grabbed him by the lapel, thrust it into his breast pocket, 196 00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:25,240 and said, "Here's the payment for the information you're going to give me." 197 00:14:26,400 --> 00:14:29,840 You could say that, in figurative terms, I raped him. 198 00:14:30,040 --> 00:14:31,960 And that was exactly what he wanted. 199 00:14:35,400 --> 00:14:38,720 I felt great. I felt like I’d pulled it off, 200 00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:40,520 that I could celebrate. 201 00:14:42,920 --> 00:14:46,960 That evening, I met some Israeli friends for dinner, 202 00:14:47,960 --> 00:14:51,400 and with the first bite I took, 203 00:14:52,080 --> 00:14:54,600 I was overcome by nausea. 204 00:14:55,280 --> 00:14:59,360 I ran to the bathroom, and disappeared there for 15 minutes 205 00:15:00,720 --> 00:15:03,520 while I puked and shat my brains out. 206 00:15:04,960 --> 00:15:06,640 They thought I was half-dead. 207 00:15:07,600 --> 00:15:11,200 And I soon learned that that's what your stomach acid does to you 208 00:15:13,880 --> 00:15:17,400 a few hours after such a tense experience. 209 00:15:19,880 --> 00:15:21,640 If you're not whole with what you're doing, 210 00:15:21,720 --> 00:15:23,160 it’s very difficult to do this job. 211 00:15:23,360 --> 00:15:27,360 You need to find the crack in the other person's personality, 212 00:15:27,800 --> 00:15:30,080 and you have to work that crack, and make it wider. 213 00:15:31,600 --> 00:15:34,400 PINI MEIDAN MOSSAD CASE OFFICER 214 00:15:34,480 --> 00:15:37,040 What kind of psychological process does that person go through? 215 00:15:37,440 --> 00:15:40,240 He goes through a very complex process. 216 00:15:40,880 --> 00:15:43,040 The recruitment process is fraught with crisis. 217 00:15:43,320 --> 00:15:47,240 You try to create a process of controlled crisis. 218 00:15:50,000 --> 00:15:52,560 You take a person who has a certain position, 219 00:15:52,720 --> 00:15:56,520 usually a senior position in an enemy state, 220 00:15:58,040 --> 00:16:01,640 and you go some distance with them, hand-in-hand together 221 00:16:01,880 --> 00:16:04,560 until you start to interrogate them and ask them questions. 222 00:16:04,800 --> 00:16:07,640 We called it “rolling the object down the slippery slope.” 223 00:16:07,880 --> 00:16:09,000 The penny finally drops. 224 00:16:10,120 --> 00:16:13,320 Eventually, he realizes who he is. He realizes what he's doing. 225 00:16:13,640 --> 00:16:15,920 How do you know when he gets it? 226 00:16:16,080 --> 00:16:19,320 When you ask him a question, and he goes like this... 227 00:16:19,960 --> 00:16:24,040 You ask, and he goes like this, which means "You're asking me for the rope.” 228 00:16:24,160 --> 00:16:28,920 "You're asking me a question which will land me in the darkest of pits.” 229 00:16:29,520 --> 00:16:34,040 We had a guy once who was a smoker. He used to... 230 00:16:34,280 --> 00:16:37,440 You'd ask him a tough question during a conversation 231 00:16:38,080 --> 00:16:42,400 and he would open his mouth, and hide his face with cigarette smoke… 232 00:16:42,520 --> 00:16:45,560 "It wasn't me who answered." As if someone else answered. It's... 233 00:16:46,320 --> 00:16:48,560 His wife told me once, "Look, he's not sick. 234 00:16:49,240 --> 00:16:51,840 He's got a psychological sickness. Something's wrong with him." 235 00:16:54,480 --> 00:16:56,720 If you didn't go through a crisis during the recruitment process, 236 00:16:56,920 --> 00:16:59,640 and if your object didn't pass through a crisis, 237 00:16:59,920 --> 00:17:02,280 it means he hasn't really internalized what he's done, 238 00:17:02,360 --> 00:17:06,040 he didn't really understand the process, and he hasn't truly been recruited. 239 00:17:08,040 --> 00:17:09,840 And how do you go through that process? 240 00:17:10,160 --> 00:17:14,640 You experience a very intense mental challenge. 241 00:17:14,960 --> 00:17:18,720 One of the things that happened to me... After many of the meetings, 242 00:17:18,840 --> 00:17:20,920 I would have a hard time. I used to go 243 00:17:21,280 --> 00:17:24,520 and immediately take a shower in order to cleanse myself 244 00:17:24,600 --> 00:17:27,640 and disconnect myself from the character I'd been playing. 245 00:17:28,440 --> 00:17:30,840 Does the water wash it all away? -No. 246 00:17:39,160 --> 00:17:44,040 No two assets are alike, and so, there's no one way 247 00:17:44,240 --> 00:17:46,840 to handle problems. 248 00:17:48,160 --> 00:17:49,040 Look, 249 00:17:49,960 --> 00:17:53,200 I’ll tell you a story about an asset we had in Syria. 250 00:17:54,040 --> 00:17:55,440 In my previous unit. 251 00:17:56,520 --> 00:18:00,640 At a certain time, I became concerned that his cover would be blown, 252 00:18:01,240 --> 00:18:04,520 so I brought him to Israel with his entire family, 253 00:18:04,640 --> 00:18:06,440 whoever he told me ahead of time that he wanted to bring. 254 00:18:08,800 --> 00:18:13,840 And he asked my permission, that the night before he leaves 255 00:18:13,920 --> 00:18:16,040 that I let him settle some scores with people in his village: 256 00:18:17,040 --> 00:18:20,160 To murder the village leader, who, many years earlier, 257 00:18:21,320 --> 00:18:24,840 refused to give him his daughter's hand in marriage. 258 00:18:25,200 --> 00:18:27,720 Next, his sister, who’d slept around with someone, 259 00:18:27,920 --> 00:18:30,240 and brought all these problems upon him, 260 00:18:30,560 --> 00:18:34,400 as well as the guy she’d slept with, and 2 or 3 others. 261 00:18:34,640 --> 00:18:37,360 I only gave him the OK to kill his sister. 262 00:18:37,440 --> 00:18:40,000 You gave him the OK to kill his sister? Why? 263 00:18:40,920 --> 00:18:43,400 Family honor, and whatnot. 264 00:18:44,240 --> 00:18:45,840 But then, it turned out... 265 00:18:45,960 --> 00:18:48,640 We could hear gunshots and explosions in the distance. 266 00:18:48,920 --> 00:18:51,640 It turned out he’d settled his scores with everyone. 267 00:18:52,560 --> 00:18:55,520 He came to me, smiled and said "In all the time I worked for you, 268 00:18:55,680 --> 00:18:57,920 this is the first time I disobeyed an order." 269 00:18:58,680 --> 00:18:59,520 Get it? 270 00:19:02,320 --> 00:19:04,320 BEIRUT, 1976 271 00:19:06,200 --> 00:19:09,400 Your name in Lebanon wasn’t "Yair,” right? 272 00:19:09,480 --> 00:19:11,440 I was known as "Abu Daoud.” 273 00:19:11,960 --> 00:19:13,240 -As...? -"Abu Daoud.” 274 00:19:13,600 --> 00:19:16,480 YAIR RAVID CHIEF OS STATION, BEIRUT 275 00:19:16,600 --> 00:19:20,440 Look, my roots may be in Eastern Europe, 276 00:19:21,400 --> 00:19:24,440 my father was Ukrainian, and my mother was Polish, 277 00:19:24,800 --> 00:19:26,840 but I see myself as a Middle Easterner. 278 00:19:27,440 --> 00:19:31,400 I've lived here, I live here, I know the mentality, I live among them, 279 00:19:31,880 --> 00:19:35,440 I speak the language well, I know the sounds, the voices, 280 00:19:35,680 --> 00:19:37,720 the flavors, the smells... 281 00:19:40,000 --> 00:19:42,120 I'm deep into it. 282 00:19:46,440 --> 00:19:49,440 Lebanon is known as a place 283 00:19:49,800 --> 00:19:53,520 where a lot of drugs are produced. 284 00:19:54,000 --> 00:19:59,320 Their hashish is sold all over the world, and also opium. 285 00:20:04,240 --> 00:20:05,720 There was a Shi’ite in Southern Lebanon, 286 00:20:05,920 --> 00:20:09,920 Abu Nassif, one of the biggest drug barons in the world. 287 00:20:10,360 --> 00:20:12,560 -How big? -How big? 288 00:20:13,520 --> 00:20:15,440 Each shipment was no less than a ton. 289 00:20:16,160 --> 00:20:19,120 You know what they say? "He plants by the road." 290 00:20:19,640 --> 00:20:22,960 In the parlance of drug dealers, 291 00:20:23,360 --> 00:20:26,200 someone who's well-connected and powerful 292 00:20:26,360 --> 00:20:29,920 can afford to plant drugs anywhere, including by the side of the road. 293 00:20:33,600 --> 00:20:36,640 We knew about him and his activities, 294 00:20:37,160 --> 00:20:41,040 and I decided to meet with him and see how we could 295 00:20:41,280 --> 00:20:44,000 use the man for our own ends. 296 00:20:46,120 --> 00:20:50,560 He agreed to cooperate on one condition: 297 00:20:50,920 --> 00:20:54,840 that we don't interfere with his business. 298 00:20:55,480 --> 00:20:57,000 What did he do for you? 299 00:20:57,400 --> 00:21:00,840 He recruited assets for us in very important places. 300 00:21:00,920 --> 00:21:02,520 DOMINO 301 00:21:02,640 --> 00:21:06,040 Now, these people, as soon as you're in contact with them, 302 00:21:06,280 --> 00:21:09,400 they keep trying to ensnare you. Because if he manages to trip you up even once, 303 00:21:10,240 --> 00:21:12,720 you're under his thumb. That’s why 304 00:21:13,280 --> 00:21:16,600 I never met with him alone. 305 00:21:17,440 --> 00:21:19,080 I always had someone with me. 306 00:21:19,160 --> 00:21:21,840 You never want to be in a situation where it’s your word against his. 307 00:21:25,840 --> 00:21:29,640 Once, he came to a meeting with a nice present for me: 308 00:21:30,560 --> 00:21:34,800 a beautiful carved wooden box, 309 00:21:35,040 --> 00:21:39,040 with opium in it, for personal use, for me to enjoy over the weekend. 310 00:21:39,600 --> 00:21:42,840 I didn't hesitate. I pulled out my gun, pressed it to his head and said, 311 00:21:43,000 --> 00:21:45,160 "Next time this happens I’ll pull the trigger." 312 00:21:46,600 --> 00:21:48,840 On another occasion, he brought me a birthday present: 313 00:21:49,040 --> 00:21:51,920 a new Mercedes. Straight from the showroom. 314 00:21:52,880 --> 00:21:55,640 -So... they’re always trying. -Did you take it? 315 00:21:55,880 --> 00:21:57,160 -Excuse me? -Did you take it? 316 00:21:57,800 --> 00:21:59,160 Did I take the Mercedes? 317 00:22:02,000 --> 00:22:04,600 There's a paradox here. The main thing is trust. 318 00:22:05,960 --> 00:22:10,360 I mean their trust in us. 319 00:22:11,440 --> 00:22:17,000 We must always remain totally skeptical. 320 00:22:17,280 --> 00:22:21,040 You must have doubt at all times. 321 00:22:21,240 --> 00:22:24,400 Otherwise, you could be led astray. 322 00:22:33,280 --> 00:22:36,520 How does your relationship with an asset work? What's the dynamic? 323 00:22:37,360 --> 00:22:39,200 First of all, it depends on the person. 324 00:22:40,800 --> 00:22:42,640 Some people are... 325 00:22:43,160 --> 00:22:46,040 Practical, let's say. Cooler. 326 00:22:47,360 --> 00:22:49,920 And you can have a conversation... 327 00:22:50,000 --> 00:22:54,040 With others, you have to be their babysitter, and their father, 328 00:22:54,360 --> 00:22:57,400 and their older brother, and their confessor... 329 00:22:59,640 --> 00:23:02,120 For several hours, the two men sit, 330 00:23:02,200 --> 00:23:05,200 the handler and the asset, and they talk. 331 00:23:05,880 --> 00:23:08,200 Many deep conversations, 332 00:23:08,440 --> 00:23:11,040 that sometimes become intimate confessions. 333 00:23:11,280 --> 00:23:13,160 Those of the asset, not the handler. 334 00:23:13,920 --> 00:23:16,440 With some people, you have to raise your voice. 335 00:23:16,640 --> 00:23:18,600 With some people, you have to frown. 336 00:23:18,840 --> 00:23:22,640 Others you have to compliment. Stroke their egos. 337 00:23:22,920 --> 00:23:26,000 You have to give them the feeling that you're pleased with them, 338 00:23:26,280 --> 00:23:28,440 in order to increase cooperation. 339 00:23:31,560 --> 00:23:35,640 In other words, you can't take a case and say, 340 00:23:35,800 --> 00:23:38,320 "I'll do this, because I've done this before." 341 00:23:38,640 --> 00:23:41,840 Every case is different, because every person is different. 342 00:23:47,080 --> 00:23:49,240 We had one guy, an asset, 343 00:23:49,560 --> 00:23:52,040 who was the best in his field. 344 00:23:52,360 --> 00:23:54,160 The best we ever had. 345 00:23:57,040 --> 00:23:58,800 I was stationed in Europe, 346 00:23:59,400 --> 00:24:04,000 and I learned that the man was trying to contact us. 347 00:24:04,600 --> 00:24:07,240 And I accepted his request. 348 00:24:08,160 --> 00:24:10,960 We had a first meeting, 349 00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:14,560 and when I heard the name, 350 00:24:15,920 --> 00:24:18,640 to tell you the truth, I didn't believe it was him. 351 00:24:18,920 --> 00:24:21,200 -I didn't believe it. -What was his name? 352 00:24:21,280 --> 00:24:22,320 Ashraf Marwan. 353 00:24:26,200 --> 00:24:28,640 When I saw the first batch of material he brought in. 354 00:24:29,280 --> 00:24:32,280 After I saw it, I said: 355 00:24:32,360 --> 00:24:34,200 "If this is for real, 356 00:24:34,360 --> 00:24:37,240 it's... earth-shattering." 357 00:24:38,440 --> 00:24:40,600 We never had anything like it. 358 00:24:41,440 --> 00:24:43,840 It was unbelievable that this material, 359 00:24:44,000 --> 00:24:48,600 the most top-secret intelligence in Egypt, had come into our hands. 360 00:24:51,600 --> 00:24:54,640 He was one of the people who passed information to us 361 00:24:54,840 --> 00:24:58,400 that prevented at least two planes from being shot down. 362 00:24:58,880 --> 00:25:02,720 Israeli planes, with hundreds of Israelis on board. 363 00:25:04,520 --> 00:25:06,320 What was so special about him? 364 00:25:06,720 --> 00:25:09,520 How did he obtain such secret material? 365 00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:12,520 Listen, he was married to Nasser's daughter! 366 00:25:13,000 --> 00:25:18,160 And in Egypt, being Nasser's son-in-law is a unique position. 367 00:25:19,080 --> 00:25:22,800 He carried out all sorts of tasks for the Egyptian government. 368 00:25:24,640 --> 00:25:28,000 He liked to meet with the head of Saudi intelligence, 369 00:25:28,080 --> 00:25:29,800 and the head of Libyan intelligence, 370 00:25:30,000 --> 00:25:33,120 and maybe even with someone from the CIA, or the Italians... 371 00:25:33,440 --> 00:25:36,200 With them, it's not like with us. With us, a thing like that 372 00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:40,640 goes straight to the head of the agency, who checks, and assigns officers... 373 00:25:40,800 --> 00:25:45,520 There, nobody's going to ask the son-in-law questions, 374 00:25:45,960 --> 00:25:48,240 because those who do get their heads chopped off. 375 00:25:48,440 --> 00:25:52,240 And when he goes to London, the ambassador shines his shoes. 376 00:25:52,560 --> 00:25:56,840 Because he's the son-in-law. He knows what's up. 377 00:25:57,080 --> 00:25:59,720 He gets a car, an office... Everything. 378 00:26:00,160 --> 00:26:03,560 -Why? He didn't have any money problems. -Look, 379 00:26:03,840 --> 00:26:07,400 he didn’t just need favors. Although, if we hadn't paid him, 380 00:26:07,880 --> 00:26:09,040 he wouldn't have worked with us. 381 00:26:11,240 --> 00:26:12,440 I'll tell you a story. 382 00:26:16,400 --> 00:26:21,200 One day, I met in Cairo with a representative from a large oil company. 383 00:26:22,040 --> 00:26:23,640 And we had dinner. 384 00:26:24,680 --> 00:26:29,040 The kind of dinner where you're served by black guys with white gloves, 385 00:26:29,400 --> 00:26:32,120 and they light your cigar with a special straw... 386 00:26:32,400 --> 00:26:33,840 Straight out of the movies. 387 00:26:36,520 --> 00:26:38,400 We go out for some air, 388 00:26:39,360 --> 00:26:41,800 and I see, right next to his house, 389 00:26:42,400 --> 00:26:44,600 I see a small white palace, 390 00:26:45,080 --> 00:26:48,160 all lit up, extraordinarily beautiful. 391 00:26:49,840 --> 00:26:53,400 I say to him, "Look how nice your neighbor's house is." 392 00:26:53,640 --> 00:26:56,360 He says, "You know who lives there?" "No, who?" 393 00:26:56,560 --> 00:26:58,120 He says, "Ashraf Marwan." 394 00:26:58,360 --> 00:27:03,440 And right away, I could see our dollars on the walls. 395 00:27:07,880 --> 00:27:11,360 What other factors can motivate someone to work with you, 396 00:27:11,560 --> 00:27:12,640 besides money? 397 00:27:13,600 --> 00:27:14,840 Illness. 398 00:27:15,640 --> 00:27:18,560 Maybe his relative is ill. Maybe he is ill, 399 00:27:19,000 --> 00:27:22,040 and needs medical treatment, and you can help him get it. 400 00:27:23,880 --> 00:27:24,840 Revenge. 401 00:27:27,880 --> 00:27:30,120 Do you think that was what motivated Ashraf Marwan? 402 00:27:30,360 --> 00:27:31,200 Yes. 403 00:27:31,560 --> 00:27:34,520 He was motivated by his sense of disappointment and vengeance 404 00:27:35,000 --> 00:27:38,160 about losing his station after his father-in-law's death. 405 00:27:38,480 --> 00:27:39,840 He was Nasser's son-in-law. 406 00:27:41,080 --> 00:27:44,440 -So it was all about ego? -Yes. That came into play. 407 00:27:44,600 --> 00:27:46,840 And he said, "I want to have influence!" 408 00:27:47,960 --> 00:27:51,160 -How was contact established? -Look, he came, 409 00:27:51,280 --> 00:27:52,960 and met with Tzvika Zamir. 410 00:27:53,160 --> 00:27:54,400 He met the head of the Mossad, personally? 411 00:27:54,720 --> 00:27:55,640 Yes. Look... 412 00:27:55,840 --> 00:27:59,120 He liked that he met with the director of the Israeli Mossad. 413 00:27:59,200 --> 00:28:02,440 It was part of his personality. 414 00:28:02,680 --> 00:28:06,600 As he put it, "The Egyptians might not like me, but at least somebody does.” 415 00:28:11,840 --> 00:28:17,000 The relationship between a handler and an asset 416 00:28:17,960 --> 00:28:19,440 is a complicated thing. 417 00:28:20,800 --> 00:28:25,520 It's a relationship, first of all, between two people. 418 00:28:26,920 --> 00:28:30,840 And Ashraf Marwan was one in a million. 419 00:28:32,240 --> 00:28:33,960 We had 420 00:28:35,880 --> 00:28:38,440 a relationship of mutual respect. 421 00:28:41,320 --> 00:28:43,000 He held me in high regard. 422 00:28:45,040 --> 00:28:46,840 And I held him in high regard as well. 423 00:28:48,640 --> 00:28:52,160 And he could feel it, just as I could. 424 00:28:53,880 --> 00:28:55,880 ZVI ZAMIR DIRECTOR OF MOSSAD 1968-1974 425 00:28:59,960 --> 00:29:02,000 Is there room for emotions when working with an asset? 426 00:29:02,160 --> 00:29:03,840 Or is it all about interests? 427 00:29:04,600 --> 00:29:09,560 Look, in this business, there isn't much room for emotions. 428 00:29:10,720 --> 00:29:12,160 You've got a job to do, 429 00:29:13,080 --> 00:29:17,560 one you believe helps to keep your country safe. 430 00:29:18,240 --> 00:29:22,000 In certain unavoidable cases, 431 00:29:23,080 --> 00:29:24,640 people... 432 00:29:26,600 --> 00:29:30,000 get killed, or hurt, as a result of this activity. 433 00:29:30,400 --> 00:29:34,240 You try, as much as you can, to prevent such cases. 434 00:29:34,720 --> 00:29:37,160 But this is espionage, not the insurance business. 435 00:29:42,240 --> 00:29:44,720 In the early '70s, I was in charge of a unit 436 00:29:44,960 --> 00:29:50,240 responsible for recruiting and handling assets in Syria and Lebanon. 437 00:29:58,920 --> 00:30:02,560 Palestinian terrorists broke into a high school in Ma'alot, 438 00:30:02,640 --> 00:30:05,440 where they abducted and murdered children, 439 00:30:06,200 --> 00:30:09,240 and we were preoccupied with preventing them 440 00:30:09,400 --> 00:30:14,440 from entering Israel and carrying out attacks. 441 00:30:18,880 --> 00:30:22,040 My guys recruited a Lebanese shepherd. 442 00:30:23,200 --> 00:30:26,560 A few months later, he came to a meeting 443 00:30:26,640 --> 00:30:29,160 and reported that he had been approached by a Palestinian, 444 00:30:29,600 --> 00:30:31,200 a man who spoke in the Palestinian dialect, 445 00:30:31,440 --> 00:30:36,600 who asked for information about IDF manouevers in the border area. 446 00:30:38,600 --> 00:30:42,240 I told them to instruct him to report everything he sees 447 00:30:42,840 --> 00:30:47,520 to the Palestinian terrorist organization that handled him, 448 00:30:48,080 --> 00:30:50,640 with the assumption that anything he could see, they could see as well. 449 00:30:51,480 --> 00:30:55,920 Then one day, they asked him to locate a spot along the border fence, 450 00:30:56,120 --> 00:30:57,720 given his familiarity with the area, 451 00:30:57,960 --> 00:31:03,840 where they could sneak into Israel and carry out an attack. 452 00:31:05,840 --> 00:31:08,720 He reported this to us, and we chose a spot, 453 00:31:08,920 --> 00:31:10,840 in coordination with the IDF, 454 00:31:11,280 --> 00:31:15,120 we chose an appropriate spot along the border fence 455 00:31:15,440 --> 00:31:19,320 where they could be met with a very warm welcome. 456 00:31:23,320 --> 00:31:26,560 The night before the operation... 457 00:31:26,680 --> 00:31:29,000 he knew because they’d told him when they were planning to do it, 458 00:31:29,240 --> 00:31:31,600 they informed him, quite cleverly, 459 00:31:32,320 --> 00:31:35,560 that he’d be joining them. He would be part of the cell, 460 00:31:35,800 --> 00:31:38,640 because they wanted to insure themselves against possible betrayal. 461 00:31:41,600 --> 00:31:45,120 If I'd told him to refuse, they would have killed him. 462 00:31:46,520 --> 00:31:50,120 If I had snuck him into Israel, him and his family, 463 00:31:51,320 --> 00:31:55,000 they would have crossed the border a month or two later 464 00:31:55,360 --> 00:31:57,040 at a point I didn’t know about. 465 00:31:57,480 --> 00:31:59,240 So he obviously had to go with them. 466 00:31:59,640 --> 00:32:03,040 I told him, "As soon as you hear gunfire, hit the deck. 467 00:32:03,600 --> 00:32:08,720 We have ways of identifying you and making sure you don't get hit." 468 00:32:08,880 --> 00:32:12,240 This was, of course, pure fiction. 469 00:32:14,720 --> 00:32:18,400 I knew I was sending him to his death, but... 470 00:32:19,280 --> 00:32:21,640 My job is to make sure that 471 00:32:22,080 --> 00:32:27,240 the children of Kibbutz Hanita are safe from harm. 472 00:32:28,120 --> 00:32:31,520 So I made a cold, difficult decision 473 00:32:32,520 --> 00:32:36,000 and I sacrificed a pawn, like in a game of chess. 474 00:32:43,680 --> 00:32:45,840 It doesn’t weigh on your conscience? Do you feel remorse? 475 00:32:46,400 --> 00:32:48,720 Personally, of course, I felt regret, since... 476 00:32:48,920 --> 00:32:54,720 he was killed while serving us very loyally. 477 00:32:55,560 --> 00:32:59,560 But this is the kind of business where you don't... 478 00:33:01,120 --> 00:33:03,120 Those kinds of considerations don't get in the way 479 00:33:03,280 --> 00:33:04,720 of doing what you have to do. 480 00:33:05,440 --> 00:33:07,720 It's a rough business. 481 00:33:11,160 --> 00:33:13,160 Look, both the Mossad and the Shin Bet 482 00:33:13,280 --> 00:33:15,040 are organizations that operate 483 00:33:16,480 --> 00:33:18,840 within the culture of the region. 484 00:33:19,000 --> 00:33:24,400 There are actors here who... You've got to be one of them. Like them. 485 00:33:24,560 --> 00:33:26,640 As they say in English, “It takes one to know one." 486 00:33:27,320 --> 00:33:30,360 We have an adversary. They're just as clever as us, 487 00:33:30,640 --> 00:33:32,040 just as ruthless as us, 488 00:33:32,160 --> 00:33:35,160 and each side is trying to further its country's interests, 489 00:33:35,480 --> 00:33:36,960 by any means possible. 490 00:33:37,480 --> 00:33:41,240 You can't pretend to be... 491 00:33:44,680 --> 00:33:48,560 the Belgian Novelists' Association and defeat Hezbollah 492 00:33:49,040 --> 00:33:50,840 with those values. It won't work. 493 00:33:52,000 --> 00:33:53,920 That's what we did in order to win. 494 00:33:54,520 --> 00:33:55,960 Winning isn't easy. 495 00:33:56,280 --> 00:33:57,600 Winning isn't easy. 496 00:34:03,480 --> 00:34:07,640 How can you know that an asset won’t suddenly flip and betray you? 497 00:34:08,040 --> 00:34:11,160 Look, there’s never 100% in these things. 498 00:34:11,680 --> 00:34:15,000 No agent is ever 100%. 499 00:34:15,080 --> 00:34:17,000 There's no such thing. I've never seen it. 500 00:34:17,160 --> 00:34:20,440 Anyone who handles assets has to take into account 501 00:34:20,800 --> 00:34:23,840 that the asset might betray you. 502 00:34:24,920 --> 00:34:26,640 As a matter of fact, these things happen. 503 00:34:30,000 --> 00:34:33,520 Zadok Ofir and Baruch Cohen were excellent case officers. 504 00:34:35,000 --> 00:34:37,600 Zadok Ofir met with an asset. 505 00:34:37,880 --> 00:34:40,720 The asset, at a certain point, became a double agent, 506 00:34:41,080 --> 00:34:44,840 pulled out a gun, and shot him four times at point blank range. 507 00:34:45,200 --> 00:34:47,800 ISRAELI MURDERED IN CENTRAL MADRID 508 00:34:49,800 --> 00:34:52,120 -Baruch Cohen was in Madrid. -What happened? 509 00:34:52,200 --> 00:34:55,600 He handled an asset, and the asset… They said goodbye, 510 00:34:55,920 --> 00:34:59,400 and as he was leaving the cafe where the meeting took place, someone shot him. 511 00:34:59,560 --> 00:35:02,440 The assumption is that the asset had been exposed, 512 00:35:02,720 --> 00:35:06,600 and in order to protect himself, he spilled the beans and betrayed us. 513 00:35:07,240 --> 00:35:09,440 How did you know Ashraf Marwan wouldn't betray you? 514 00:35:12,800 --> 00:35:14,560 LONDON, OCTOBER 5, 1973 515 00:35:16,640 --> 00:35:18,960 Ashraf Marwan asked 516 00:35:19,440 --> 00:35:21,240 that I come to London, 517 00:35:21,400 --> 00:35:24,440 and said he wanted to inform us about the war. 518 00:35:25,160 --> 00:35:26,640 -The '73 war. -Yes. 519 00:35:29,400 --> 00:35:31,320 I decided to go to London, 520 00:35:31,720 --> 00:35:36,360 instead of attending a meeting with the Prime Minister, 521 00:35:37,240 --> 00:35:40,440 with the head of Military Intelligence, the Defense Minister, 522 00:35:40,840 --> 00:35:42,600 and the IDF Commander-in-Chief. 523 00:35:42,880 --> 00:35:44,160 Let me tell you why. 524 00:35:45,320 --> 00:35:48,720 When an intelligence man hears 525 00:35:49,560 --> 00:35:53,640 from a source that he trusts, 526 00:35:55,160 --> 00:36:00,160 that war is on the horizon, with the date already set, 527 00:36:02,080 --> 00:36:04,840 he is obligated to sound a warning, 528 00:36:05,880 --> 00:36:08,640 to ring all the bells, that war is coming. 529 00:36:11,880 --> 00:36:15,440 I had done that once before, in mid-May. 530 00:36:16,600 --> 00:36:17,960 I was wrong. 531 00:36:19,960 --> 00:36:22,000 They had a field day at military intelligence. 532 00:36:23,000 --> 00:36:26,720 "Zvi Zamir is dragging us into war." 533 00:36:27,400 --> 00:36:30,040 I told my friends at the Mossad 534 00:36:31,000 --> 00:36:35,040 that we would continue to do our duty. 535 00:36:40,280 --> 00:36:43,640 I was constantly on the lookout for signs of double-dealing. 536 00:36:43,840 --> 00:36:48,440 Signs of dishonesty that you could see or hear. 537 00:36:49,280 --> 00:36:50,920 -I couldn't find any with him. -Such as? 538 00:36:51,080 --> 00:36:53,960 Such as the story with the gun. 539 00:36:54,720 --> 00:36:59,320 His handler noticed a bulge in his shirt. 540 00:37:00,200 --> 00:37:02,920 So he said, "What's that in your shirt?" 541 00:37:03,240 --> 00:37:04,800 He had a gun. 542 00:37:07,200 --> 00:37:10,840 And Zvika Zamir, director of Mossad, 543 00:37:11,080 --> 00:37:15,040 was sitting with an Arab asset who had a gun in his pocket. 544 00:37:16,120 --> 00:37:18,920 He could’ve pulled out the gun and killed Zvika Zamir, 545 00:37:19,120 --> 00:37:21,320 the handler, and maybe someone else, too. 546 00:37:21,640 --> 00:37:25,560 I’ve never heard of another intelligence organization whose director 547 00:37:25,680 --> 00:37:29,440 would meet with a foreign asset armed with a gun in his pocket. 548 00:37:31,000 --> 00:37:32,360 Just imagine, for a moment, 549 00:37:32,840 --> 00:37:35,360 that he’d killed Zvika Zamir 550 00:37:35,520 --> 00:37:38,640 in some flat in London, along with 1-2 other people. 551 00:37:39,080 --> 00:37:40,600 Imagine what would have happened. 552 00:37:41,600 --> 00:37:44,240 A double agent would certainly have done it. 553 00:37:45,520 --> 00:37:50,040 But why is the director of the Mossad meeting with an asset in the first place? 554 00:37:50,200 --> 00:37:53,400 Does the director of the Mossad often meet with assets in person? 555 00:37:53,600 --> 00:37:57,640 Look, I won't go into detail. I don't like this line of questioning. 556 00:37:59,120 --> 00:38:01,520 Was it unusual to meet with an asset like that? 557 00:38:02,360 --> 00:38:04,160 First of all, I don't want to tell you. 558 00:38:04,960 --> 00:38:07,000 -The answer is... -Weren't you worried he'd betray you? 559 00:38:07,480 --> 00:38:08,320 No. 560 00:38:15,320 --> 00:38:16,800 We were in London. 561 00:38:17,680 --> 00:38:23,520 And I interrogated him about everything he had told us in the past. 562 00:38:25,720 --> 00:38:29,920 And then we double-checked. And I double-checked. 563 00:38:30,280 --> 00:38:32,560 And I said to myself, "Zvi Zamir, 564 00:38:32,800 --> 00:38:35,600 You'd better alert the whole country. 565 00:38:36,680 --> 00:38:40,160 Let the people go straight from prayer service to war, 566 00:38:41,320 --> 00:38:46,000 because this piece of intelligence is crucially important." 567 00:38:50,160 --> 00:38:51,520 On the 5th... 568 00:38:53,240 --> 00:38:54,400 I’m in London. 569 00:38:54,640 --> 00:38:59,520 I wrote a 5-line telegram. 570 00:39:00,080 --> 00:39:01,840 THE COMPANY STILL INTENDS 571 00:39:02,200 --> 00:39:05,000 TO SIGN THE CONTRACT. THEY KNOW TOMORROW'S A HOLIDAY. 572 00:39:05,240 --> 00:39:06,440 In which I wrote... 573 00:39:06,640 --> 00:39:09,120 THE ANGEL THINKS THAT THE CHANCES OF SIGNING ARE 99.9% 574 00:39:09,280 --> 00:39:10,840 ...that war would break out, 575 00:39:11,160 --> 00:39:13,360 while knowing full well 576 00:39:14,000 --> 00:39:19,360 that if this information turns out to be wrong, 577 00:39:19,520 --> 00:39:21,440 as people here thought at the time, 578 00:39:22,040 --> 00:39:24,120 I'd be stoned to death 579 00:39:25,240 --> 00:39:28,200 for pulling the Jews out of synagogue. 580 00:39:29,240 --> 00:39:33,400 That is a transgression which, under current standards, 581 00:39:33,920 --> 00:39:35,240 is punishable by death. 582 00:39:37,800 --> 00:39:41,000 I left no address. 583 00:39:41,560 --> 00:39:43,720 I was unreachable by phone. 584 00:39:43,880 --> 00:39:47,440 "I'm unavailable. This is my message to you. You decide." 585 00:39:51,120 --> 00:39:53,440 YOM KIPPUR WAR, OCTOBER 6, 1973 586 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:02,840 Eventually, they decided to do it. 587 00:40:03,160 --> 00:40:04,720 They acted too late. 588 00:40:05,160 --> 00:40:06,600 We paid in blood. 589 00:40:22,440 --> 00:40:23,960 Ever since the '73 war, 590 00:40:24,160 --> 00:40:28,440 there’s been an ongoing debate over who's to blame for the failure of deterrence. 591 00:40:29,040 --> 00:40:32,160 At the same time, Ashraf Marwan's name was made public. 592 00:40:33,080 --> 00:40:35,840 He worked with us for many years. 593 00:40:37,000 --> 00:40:40,240 He remained an Israeli asset even after the '73 war. 594 00:40:40,960 --> 00:40:43,320 He worked... No problem. When did the trouble start? 595 00:40:43,560 --> 00:40:45,120 When it was made public. 596 00:40:47,000 --> 00:40:49,320 CAIRO, DECEMBER 21, 2007 597 00:40:49,400 --> 00:40:52,360 On Wednesday, Ashraf Marwan died in London, 598 00:40:52,480 --> 00:40:54,760 the son-in-law of the former Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser. 599 00:40:55,880 --> 00:40:58,160 Suicide or murder? British police are investigating 600 00:40:58,320 --> 00:41:00,600 the death of Ashraf Marwan, 601 00:41:00,800 --> 00:41:03,240 who collaborated with the Mossad during the 1973 war. 602 00:41:03,720 --> 00:41:06,400 Ashraf Marwan was a national asset, 603 00:41:06,920 --> 00:41:11,040 and we Israelis are guilty 604 00:41:11,120 --> 00:41:13,360 of not properly protecting him. 605 00:41:13,920 --> 00:41:16,240 THE MOSSAD AGENT WAS SADA'S CHIEF OF STAFF 606 00:41:16,520 --> 00:41:22,320 Every reporter felt the need to throw his name around everywhere. 607 00:41:22,400 --> 00:41:23,320 THEIR MAN IN CAIRO 608 00:41:23,480 --> 00:41:27,040 Who he was, what he was, how he made contact... 609 00:41:27,360 --> 00:41:29,520 And we begged them to stop. 610 00:41:30,800 --> 00:41:33,120 What we know about Ashraf Marwan 611 00:41:33,480 --> 00:41:36,520 is that he felt, as they say, Emotional Distress, 612 00:41:37,240 --> 00:41:39,600 Because of the charges raised against him recently, 613 00:41:39,840 --> 00:41:42,520 According to which he acted as a double agent in the service of Egypt and Israel. 614 00:41:43,080 --> 00:41:46,320 Even after they started talking about him, he still hoped they would stop, 615 00:41:46,520 --> 00:41:50,600 but they kept on talking about him. The Israeli press kept pumping the story up, 616 00:41:50,720 --> 00:41:52,840 until someone came and threw him out the window. 617 00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:57,360 It’s one of the worst Israeli intelligence failures, 618 00:41:57,480 --> 00:42:00,640 the name of an intelligence asset being made public. 619 00:42:00,960 --> 00:42:04,440 The world is concluding that Israel is unable 620 00:42:05,000 --> 00:42:09,440 to protect its assets' identities. Who would want to work with such a country? 621 00:42:11,480 --> 00:42:12,840 We gave him away. 622 00:42:17,000 --> 00:42:18,040 What... 623 00:42:24,000 --> 00:42:25,240 Looking back, 624 00:42:25,440 --> 00:42:28,960 can you tell us about a dilemma, or an instance of remorse, 625 00:42:29,120 --> 00:42:33,000 that you experienced in your work with an asset? 626 00:42:37,520 --> 00:42:39,840 I'll tell you about a dilemma in retrospect. 627 00:42:42,560 --> 00:42:45,040 I was sitting at home, in Israel. 628 00:42:46,720 --> 00:42:48,240 I had two little children. 629 00:42:50,640 --> 00:42:53,720 My wife and I were feeding them cornflakes, 630 00:42:53,960 --> 00:42:55,960 before going to work, and sending them to kindergarten. 631 00:42:56,280 --> 00:42:58,720 I was feeding one kid, and my wife was feeding the other. 632 00:43:02,240 --> 00:43:03,640 I had one eye on the paper. 633 00:43:04,480 --> 00:43:08,520 In the paper, I see a picture of an Arab I knew, hanged. 634 00:43:09,480 --> 00:43:11,800 His country had captured him and hanged him. 635 00:43:13,160 --> 00:43:15,960 Have you ever seen someone you knew, hanged? You haven't. 636 00:43:16,120 --> 00:43:19,040 So, there he was, hanged. I remembered him. 637 00:43:19,560 --> 00:43:23,720 I remembered my dealings with him. I thought, "Was I OK? 638 00:43:24,520 --> 00:43:25,920 Am I to blame here? 639 00:43:26,640 --> 00:43:30,520 Was he caught because of a mistake of his? Because of a mistake of ours? 640 00:43:30,840 --> 00:43:34,840 Was he caught because his country's intelligence services 641 00:43:35,640 --> 00:43:39,160 are better and more sophisticated than ours?" Anything's possible. 642 00:43:42,080 --> 00:43:44,120 -Was he an asset that you recruited? -Yes. 643 00:43:44,200 --> 00:43:45,960 -Did you have a long relationship? -Yes. 644 00:43:47,000 --> 00:43:47,960 Where was he from? 645 00:43:49,280 --> 00:43:50,120 It doesn’t matter. 646 00:43:52,440 --> 00:43:54,640 Did your wife know that that hanged man had something to do with you? 647 00:43:54,800 --> 00:43:58,720 I didn't tell her. 648 00:44:00,120 --> 00:44:04,400 She noticed that I started feeding the kid more slowly, 649 00:44:04,920 --> 00:44:06,840 so she said, "Hurry up, we're late!” 650 00:44:07,400 --> 00:44:10,400 I kept on feeding my kid, at the appropriate speed. 651 00:44:11,600 --> 00:44:13,560 A minute later, I moved on with my life. 652 00:44:13,840 --> 00:44:16,560 Everything passes. It doesn't... 653 00:44:17,880 --> 00:44:18,720 That's life. 654 00:44:21,240 --> 00:44:23,440 One minute passes and you’ve moved on with your life? 655 00:44:23,720 --> 00:44:28,240 Look, when he agreed to do it, he knew about the risks involved. 656 00:44:28,960 --> 00:44:31,240 He reaped the benefits he had hoped for. 657 00:44:32,200 --> 00:44:35,040 The possibility that it would happen was in the air. 658 00:44:35,960 --> 00:44:36,920 And it happened. 659 00:44:37,560 --> 00:44:39,920 Usually, it doesn't happen. To him, it happened. 660 00:44:41,840 --> 00:44:44,040 That's a very cold way to look at the world. 661 00:44:44,360 --> 00:44:47,000 Mossad gives you that. 662 00:44:47,440 --> 00:44:49,640 If I look at the ways that I've changed along the way, 663 00:44:49,880 --> 00:44:51,160 it's in those directions. 664 00:44:51,520 --> 00:44:55,600 My wife tells me, "You've lost your... You don't hear the birds chirping. 665 00:44:55,720 --> 00:44:59,240 You're not open. You're cold. You're distrustful. 666 00:44:59,920 --> 00:45:01,440 You're evil.” 667 00:45:02,080 --> 00:45:04,120 It's all true. It's all true. 668 00:45:19,680 --> 00:45:22,840 How did you feel when you heard Ashraf Marwan had been killed? 669 00:45:23,200 --> 00:45:24,920 I felt sorrow. 670 00:45:26,640 --> 00:45:27,640 Great sorrow. 671 00:45:29,200 --> 00:45:31,040 I didn't rat him out. 672 00:45:32,680 --> 00:45:34,240 I defended him. 673 00:45:35,800 --> 00:45:38,240 I was, to a large extent... 674 00:45:41,520 --> 00:45:44,840 it's funny to say, but... 675 00:45:47,880 --> 00:45:50,200 Someone he could lean on. 676 00:45:50,840 --> 00:45:54,040 And we were... I'm telling you, we were friends. 677 00:45:56,240 --> 00:46:00,200 Do you think a handler and an asset can develop an intimate relationship? 678 00:46:00,680 --> 00:46:02,600 Do you think an asset can become a friend? 679 00:46:02,920 --> 00:46:05,040 A friend? What are you talking about? 680 00:46:05,720 --> 00:46:07,560 An agent isn't... 681 00:46:08,520 --> 00:46:12,040 a true friend. He's your friend for the moment. 682 00:46:12,360 --> 00:46:13,440 Your friend for the moment. 683 00:46:13,520 --> 00:46:17,360 You must be very wary of growing close to an asset. 684 00:46:17,440 --> 00:46:20,440 That's true of handlers, and also of Mossad directors. 685 00:46:22,440 --> 00:46:23,720 If you know what I mean. 686 00:46:27,480 --> 00:46:28,960 This work, 687 00:46:30,000 --> 00:46:35,040 the handling of assets, 688 00:46:36,840 --> 00:46:39,000 involves a lot of wisdom. 689 00:46:40,640 --> 00:46:43,240 And different people behave in different ways. 690 00:46:44,640 --> 00:46:47,040 And I do as I do. 691 00:46:51,320 --> 00:46:56,440 That’s it. Enough. I've already said much more than I was going to. 692 00:47:46,280 --> 00:47:48,280 Subtitle translation by 58119

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