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NARRATOR: Did you know HBO Max
is the new way to stream
2
00:00:09,542 --> 00:00:12,712
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and big Hollywood hits?
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We could go off the map.
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00:00:15,333 --> 00:00:17,293
NARRATOR:
All of this anytime you want.
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00:00:17,583 --> 00:00:19,333
That's not even the best part.
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00:00:19,417 --> 00:00:20,287
It's only just begun.
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NARRATOR: You already have
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8
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It's actually really good.
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00:00:27,083 --> 00:00:28,583
NARRATOR:
So, what are you waiting for?
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00:00:28,667 --> 00:00:29,537
Are we ready?
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00:00:29,792 --> 00:00:31,922
NARRATOR: Stream HBO and more.
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♪ (DRAMATIC MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
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00:01:03,959 --> 00:01:06,169
RAOUL PECK:
This is Aby Osceola.
15
00:01:07,291 --> 00:01:09,501
She is from the Seminole Nation.
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00:01:11,583 --> 00:01:14,833
Her story goes deep into
the history of this continent.
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00:01:17,041 --> 00:01:19,171
She reminds me of my mother.
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But despite the resemblance,
they each come,
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although through
not totally unrelated events,
20
00:01:27,166 --> 00:01:29,706
from different strands
of history.
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00:01:29,792 --> 00:01:31,212
(GUNSHOT)
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RAOUL:
Aby's role is played by Caisa,
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a Swedish actress
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00:01:37,333 --> 00:01:40,383
of both Colombian
and Native American ancestry.
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(HORSE NEIGHS)
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RAOUL: It is said
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00:01:45,208 --> 00:01:47,918
that the Seminole Nation
never signed any treaty
28
00:01:48,000 --> 00:01:50,790
with the United States
government.
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00:01:50,875 --> 00:01:54,825
That's why they are called
"the invincible tribe."
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00:01:57,000 --> 00:02:00,170
But for now,
it is about another story.
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00:02:00,250 --> 00:02:01,670
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
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00:02:01,750 --> 00:02:04,330
(OCEAN RUMBLING)
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00:02:04,417 --> 00:02:07,747
RAOUL: In that larger story,
there are three words
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00:02:07,834 --> 00:02:11,214
that summarize
the whole history of humanity:
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00:02:11,291 --> 00:02:15,291
civilization, colonization,
extermination.
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00:02:15,375 --> 00:02:16,955
♪ (DRAMATIC MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
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00:02:17,041 --> 00:02:20,881
RAOUL: These words run forcibly
through Western world history,
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00:02:20,959 --> 00:02:25,079
the same way they drill
to the core of U.S. history.
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00:02:25,166 --> 00:02:27,456
-(ARROWS WHISTLE)
-(BISON GROWLS)
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00:02:27,542 --> 00:02:30,212
RAOUL: And it's not so much
about winners and losers,
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00:02:30,291 --> 00:02:32,631
or between conqueror
or conquered,
42
00:02:32,709 --> 00:02:36,629
nor between colonist
and colonized.
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00:02:36,709 --> 00:02:40,289
The forces involved here
are less visible than gunfire,
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00:02:40,375 --> 00:02:43,745
class property,
or political crusades.
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00:02:43,834 --> 00:02:45,634
But they are no less powerful.
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00:02:45,709 --> 00:02:49,079
♪ (DRAMATIC MUSIC CONTINUES) ♪
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00:02:56,375 --> 00:02:59,245
RAOUL: Entire civilizations
in the Western Hemisphere
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00:02:59,333 --> 00:03:02,173
were wantonly destroyed,
setting the Western world
49
00:03:02,250 --> 00:03:04,580
on a path of greed
and destruction.
50
00:03:05,667 --> 00:03:07,787
For history
is the fruit of power,
51
00:03:07,875 --> 00:03:10,285
and power is crucial
to the story,
52
00:03:10,375 --> 00:03:12,535
which then always becomes,
at best,
53
00:03:12,625 --> 00:03:14,625
a story about those who won.
54
00:03:15,709 --> 00:03:18,999
And clearly,
this needs to be challenged...
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00:03:19,083 --> 00:03:21,213
(SINGING)
♪ Some guys care a lot for me ♪
56
00:03:21,291 --> 00:03:23,671
♪ But my excitement
They can't fan ♪
57
00:03:23,750 --> 00:03:26,880
♪ Because I still await
My primitive mate ♪
58
00:03:26,959 --> 00:03:31,459
♪ We've had a date
Since the world began ♪
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00:03:31,542 --> 00:03:35,382
♪ My prehistoric man... ♪
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00:03:35,458 --> 00:03:37,918
RAOUL: ...for it is
about who we are today.
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00:03:38,000 --> 00:03:40,380
About what we have become
as a people.
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00:03:40,458 --> 00:03:42,878
And on what side
of history we are.
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00:03:42,959 --> 00:03:44,459
What side of the truth.
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00:03:44,542 --> 00:03:47,422
(SINGING) ♪ Simple and free
In the long ago... ♪
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00:03:47,500 --> 00:03:49,460
RAOUL: A certain view
of history contends
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00:03:49,542 --> 00:03:52,292
that the historical narrative
is just one fiction
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00:03:52,375 --> 00:03:53,665
among others.
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00:03:55,417 --> 00:03:56,457
It is not.
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00:03:56,542 --> 00:04:00,082
There is no such thing
as alternative facts.
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00:04:00,166 --> 00:04:02,956
(SINGING)
♪ They didn't have bebop ♪
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00:04:03,041 --> 00:04:05,461
♪ Tom-toms, tom-toms ♪
72
00:04:05,542 --> 00:04:09,252
♪ They sat all day
Just a-beatin' on tom-toms ♪
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00:04:09,333 --> 00:04:11,463
♪ I really love tom-toms ♪
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00:04:11,542 --> 00:04:12,672
♪ (DRUMS BEATING) ♪
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00:04:12,750 --> 00:04:16,170
(MIMIC CHANTING
IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE)
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00:04:17,000 --> 00:04:18,790
(EXAGGERATED GROAN)
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00:04:19,750 --> 00:04:22,000
(CHANTING CONTINUES)
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00:04:22,083 --> 00:04:26,213
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
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♪ ("PREHISTORIC MAN"
CONTINUES PLAYING) ♪
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00:04:35,166 --> 00:04:36,376
(SCREECHES)
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00:04:39,834 --> 00:04:41,254
(SAILOR YELPS)
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00:04:41,333 --> 00:04:44,503
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC CONTINUES) ♪
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00:04:48,583 --> 00:04:50,543
(CRICKETS CHIRPING)
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00:04:51,792 --> 00:04:54,082
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC CONTINUES) ♪
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00:04:56,875 --> 00:04:58,325
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
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00:05:06,166 --> 00:05:08,206
(INSECTS CHIRPING)
87
00:05:10,917 --> 00:05:12,207
(BIRDS TWITTERING)
88
00:05:30,667 --> 00:05:32,497
This is the day we fight.
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00:05:37,583 --> 00:05:41,463
-(CHILD CRYING)
-(HORSE NEIGHS)
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00:05:43,250 --> 00:05:46,630
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
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00:05:58,250 --> 00:06:00,080
Chieftain Yah-Ho-Cuchee,
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00:06:00,917 --> 00:06:02,417
we must leave.
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00:06:02,500 --> 00:06:05,290
We are the ones
who arrived latest here.
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00:06:05,375 --> 00:06:06,455
Kwame-Micco,
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00:06:07,500 --> 00:06:09,000
we are family now.
96
00:06:09,083 --> 00:06:11,583
-You stay.
-Yes.
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00:06:11,667 --> 00:06:14,247
But family is not meant
to bring harm.
98
00:06:14,333 --> 00:06:16,673
They bring harm to our nation.
99
00:06:16,750 --> 00:06:17,960
Not you.
100
00:06:18,667 --> 00:06:20,577
It's better we surrender.
101
00:06:20,667 --> 00:06:23,827
So you and your people
can have time to run and hide.
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00:06:25,417 --> 00:06:26,957
This is our land.
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00:06:27,959 --> 00:06:29,789
The white man wants our land.
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00:06:30,792 --> 00:06:32,172
We will fight.
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00:06:32,792 --> 00:06:33,882
Together.
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00:06:33,959 --> 00:06:35,829
Or we will die together.
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00:06:36,875 --> 00:06:39,075
And it will be a great honor.
108
00:06:39,166 --> 00:06:40,826
Hink-lah-mas-tchay.
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00:06:41,625 --> 00:06:43,245
All is well, then.
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00:06:43,333 --> 00:06:45,793
(HORSE SNORTS, BLOWS)
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00:06:46,500 --> 00:06:48,790
(HORSE SNORTS)
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00:06:48,875 --> 00:06:51,165
(HORSE NEIGHS)
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00:06:55,375 --> 00:06:56,665
(COUGHS)
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00:07:05,542 --> 00:07:07,332
(HORSE NEIGHS)
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00:07:11,333 --> 00:07:13,673
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
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00:07:25,834 --> 00:07:28,134
I do not want to spill
Seminole blood,
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00:07:28,709 --> 00:07:30,169
kill Seminole children,
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00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:32,330
Seminole women.
119
00:07:33,291 --> 00:07:35,581
Give us back
the American property you stole
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00:07:35,667 --> 00:07:38,127
from our good fellowmen
planters and settlers,
121
00:07:38,208 --> 00:07:40,128
and I'll let you move
to the Indian Territory
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00:07:40,208 --> 00:07:42,958
the U.S. government
has provided for your people.
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00:07:43,041 --> 00:07:45,751
You call human beings
your property?
124
00:07:46,291 --> 00:07:47,541
They're slaves.
125
00:07:48,625 --> 00:07:50,205
You steal land.
126
00:07:50,875 --> 00:07:52,535
You steal life.
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00:07:52,625 --> 00:07:54,705
You steal humans.
128
00:07:54,792 --> 00:07:57,332
What kind of species are you?
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00:07:57,417 --> 00:07:59,537
-This kind.
-(GUNSHOT)
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00:08:01,375 --> 00:08:04,035
♪ (OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
131
00:08:20,875 --> 00:08:23,415
-(HORSES NEIGHING)
-(GUNFIRE)
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00:08:23,500 --> 00:08:24,960
(HORSE NEIGHING)
133
00:08:28,000 --> 00:08:30,380
(GUNFIRE CONTINUES)
134
00:08:30,458 --> 00:08:33,168
(HOOVES GALLOPING)
135
00:08:33,250 --> 00:08:35,290
(CANNON BOOMS)
136
00:08:38,750 --> 00:08:40,960
(GUNFIRE FADES)
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00:08:41,041 --> 00:08:46,041
♪ (PLAYFUL MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
138
00:08:46,583 --> 00:08:49,253
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
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00:08:54,166 --> 00:08:56,496
(LAUGHTER)
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00:08:56,583 --> 00:09:00,753
RAOUL: "All Jews and Negroes
ought really to be exterminated.
141
00:09:00,834 --> 00:09:02,674
We shall be victorious.
142
00:09:02,750 --> 00:09:05,830
The other races will disappear
and die out,"
143
00:09:05,917 --> 00:09:10,707
said the White Aryan Resistance
in 1991, in Sweden.
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00:09:10,792 --> 00:09:13,212
♪ (OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
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00:09:13,291 --> 00:09:16,711
RAOUL:
2016, 25 years later,
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00:09:16,792 --> 00:09:18,882
a well-known Swedish
department store
147
00:09:18,959 --> 00:09:22,249
wanted something new
for its Christmas catalog.
148
00:09:23,291 --> 00:09:27,171
♪ (CHOIR SINGING HYMN) ♪
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00:09:27,250 --> 00:09:28,880
RAOUL:
The store wanted to pay tribute
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00:09:28,959 --> 00:09:33,169
to what Sweden is today:
a largely multicultural society.
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00:09:33,250 --> 00:09:37,960
♪ (SINGING HYMN) ♪
152
00:09:38,041 --> 00:09:40,421
RAOUL:
To wear St. Lucia's white gown,
153
00:09:40,500 --> 00:09:43,790
a popular
18th century tradition,
154
00:09:43,875 --> 00:09:47,415
it chose a nine-year-old
dark-skinned boy.
155
00:09:47,500 --> 00:09:51,170
The innocent boy
had a shy smile on his lips.
156
00:09:51,250 --> 00:09:54,290
It was the smile,
more than anything else,
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00:09:54,375 --> 00:09:56,535
that was not taken well.
158
00:09:56,625 --> 00:10:00,245
In Sweden, one of the most
tolerant countries in Europe,
159
00:10:00,333 --> 00:10:02,633
like everywhere else
in the world,
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00:10:02,709 --> 00:10:04,999
hate is on the rise again.
161
00:10:05,083 --> 00:10:08,503
-(KEYBOARD CLACKING)
-(NOTIFICATION DINGS)
162
00:10:09,208 --> 00:10:10,458
(NOTIFICATION WHISTLES)
163
00:10:11,750 --> 00:10:14,920
-(NOTIFICATION BEEPS)
-(KEYBOARD CLACKING)
164
00:10:15,000 --> 00:10:17,750
(INDISTINCT CLAMORING)
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00:10:17,834 --> 00:10:20,174
♪ (OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
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00:10:20,250 --> 00:10:22,330
DONALD TRUMP: We have people
coming into the country,
167
00:10:22,417 --> 00:10:25,207
or trying to come in,
we're stopping a lot of them.
168
00:10:25,291 --> 00:10:26,831
These aren't people,
169
00:10:27,500 --> 00:10:28,630
these are animals.
170
00:10:28,709 --> 00:10:31,999
♪ (MUSIC CONTINUES) ♪
171
00:10:34,375 --> 00:10:37,375
This is not immigration,
this is invasion.
172
00:10:41,000 --> 00:10:42,460
You need to be afraid,
173
00:10:42,542 --> 00:10:44,712
because they are coming
for you.
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00:10:44,792 --> 00:10:47,502
STEVE KING:
We have to do something
to increase our birth rate,
175
00:10:47,583 --> 00:10:50,463
or the vacuum that's created
will be filled by people
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00:10:50,542 --> 00:10:53,252
that don't believe in our values
here in Western civilization,
177
00:10:53,333 --> 00:10:55,173
and we're seeing it happen
in the Netherlands
178
00:10:55,250 --> 00:10:57,960
and all across Europe,
and that's a lot about...
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00:10:58,041 --> 00:11:01,961
The white establishment
is now the minority.
180
00:11:02,041 --> 00:11:04,881
(IN PORTUGUESE)
181
00:11:12,917 --> 00:11:15,917
(IN ENGLISH) We wanted
to do a good impression.
182
00:11:16,000 --> 00:11:17,380
SDU MEMBER: It's respectful.
183
00:11:21,542 --> 00:11:24,632
♪ (SUSPENSEFUL MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
184
00:11:24,709 --> 00:11:26,709
(GUNSHOTS)
185
00:11:29,959 --> 00:11:32,419
-(CAR ENGINE REVVING)
-(CROWD SCREAMING)
186
00:11:32,500 --> 00:11:36,000
ALL: (CHANTING)
You will not replace us!
187
00:11:36,083 --> 00:11:39,133
You will not replace us!
188
00:11:39,208 --> 00:11:41,788
You will not replace us!
189
00:11:41,875 --> 00:11:44,915
You will not replace us!
190
00:11:45,583 --> 00:11:47,713
(CHANTING FADES)
191
00:11:50,291 --> 00:11:52,461
(BIRD CALLING)
192
00:11:53,750 --> 00:11:57,880
♪ (SUSPENSEFUL MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
193
00:11:57,959 --> 00:12:01,289
BARACK OBAMA: In reaffirming
the greatness of our nation,
194
00:12:01,375 --> 00:12:04,285
we understand
that greatness is never a given.
195
00:12:05,083 --> 00:12:06,713
It must be earned.
196
00:12:06,792 --> 00:12:11,082
It is time for us to realize
that we are too great a nation
197
00:12:11,166 --> 00:12:14,076
to limit ourselves
to small dreams.
198
00:12:16,083 --> 00:12:17,713
GEORGE W. BUSH:
Much time has passed
199
00:12:17,792 --> 00:12:20,632
since Jefferson arrived
for his inauguration.
200
00:12:20,709 --> 00:12:23,459
The years
and changes accumulate.
201
00:12:23,542 --> 00:12:27,252
But the themes of this day
he would know:
202
00:12:27,333 --> 00:12:30,133
our nation's
grand story of courage
203
00:12:30,208 --> 00:12:32,958
and its simple dream of dignity.
204
00:12:33,041 --> 00:12:37,711
TRUMP: We are one nation,
and their pain is our pain.
205
00:12:37,792 --> 00:12:39,962
Theirs dreams are our dreams,
206
00:12:40,041 --> 00:12:44,751
and their success
will be our success.
207
00:12:44,834 --> 00:12:48,424
Though we march
to the music of our time,
208
00:12:48,500 --> 00:12:51,170
our mission is timeless.
209
00:12:52,083 --> 00:12:53,423
TRUMP: Together,
210
00:12:53,500 --> 00:12:56,500
we will make America
strong again.
211
00:12:56,583 --> 00:12:59,673
We will make America
wealthy again.
212
00:12:59,750 --> 00:13:02,830
We will make America
proud again.
213
00:13:02,917 --> 00:13:05,877
We will make America safe again.
214
00:13:05,959 --> 00:13:07,999
And, yes, together,
215
00:13:08,083 --> 00:13:11,583
we will make
America great again.
216
00:13:11,667 --> 00:13:16,247
-(CHEERING AND APPLAUSE)
-Thank you. God bless you.
And God bless America.
217
00:13:18,333 --> 00:13:19,503
Thank you.
218
00:13:20,291 --> 00:13:22,171
God bless America.
219
00:13:24,041 --> 00:13:26,211
(CHEERING AND APPLAUSE FADE)
220
00:13:27,083 --> 00:13:30,173
(THUNDER RUMBLING)
221
00:13:31,166 --> 00:13:32,916
OBAMA:
We sometimes make mistakes.
222
00:13:33,000 --> 00:13:34,580
We have not been perfect.
223
00:13:34,667 --> 00:13:37,917
But if you look at, uh,
the track record, as you say,
224
00:13:38,000 --> 00:13:40,710
America was not born
as a colonial power.
225
00:13:40,792 --> 00:13:42,542
♪ (MUSIC STOPS) ♪
226
00:13:43,834 --> 00:13:46,634
RAOUL: Well, actually, it was.
227
00:13:46,709 --> 00:13:50,249
America was born
as a colonial power.
228
00:13:50,333 --> 00:13:53,543
And this fact
is a difficult one to admit,
229
00:13:53,625 --> 00:13:57,995
for it bears the fatal capacity
to disrupt the core story
230
00:13:58,083 --> 00:13:59,923
we have been told
all these years
231
00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:02,380
and the very foundation
of this country.
232
00:14:03,709 --> 00:14:05,789
It's not an easy story to tell.
233
00:14:05,875 --> 00:14:08,665
Because the story
still continues today.
234
00:14:08,750 --> 00:14:13,000
A story of the search for purity
and for a godly kingdom.
235
00:14:13,083 --> 00:14:15,833
A story of survival
and violence.
236
00:14:15,917 --> 00:14:19,577
A search for origin,
400 years after the voyage
237
00:14:19,667 --> 00:14:22,497
that is said
to have made the nation.
238
00:14:22,583 --> 00:14:26,293
♪ (JAZZ MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
239
00:14:26,375 --> 00:14:29,245
RAOUL: 1962,
Brooklyn, New York.
240
00:14:30,959 --> 00:14:34,249
This is me in the middle.
The author.
241
00:14:34,333 --> 00:14:37,003
I'm not sure
how I ended up here,
242
00:14:37,083 --> 00:14:39,333
although I might have
my suspicions.
243
00:14:42,166 --> 00:14:45,076
This is British explorer
Henry Morton Stanley
244
00:14:45,166 --> 00:14:46,576
on the Congo river.
245
00:14:47,959 --> 00:14:50,079
This is me with Henry.
246
00:14:52,125 --> 00:14:53,375
My parents are working there
247
00:14:53,458 --> 00:14:56,208
for the newly independent
Republic of Congo,
248
00:14:56,291 --> 00:14:58,961
like a few hundred
other Haitian nationals
249
00:14:59,041 --> 00:15:01,461
hired by the UN
to replace the Belgians
250
00:15:01,542 --> 00:15:03,172
who had fled
their former colony.
251
00:15:03,250 --> 00:15:06,000
-(FILM REEL WHIRRING)
-♪ (PIANO MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
252
00:15:24,917 --> 00:15:27,417
♪ (JAZZ MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
253
00:15:27,500 --> 00:15:29,670
RAOUL: New York, 1964.
254
00:15:31,041 --> 00:15:32,791
My brother Hébert and me
255
00:15:32,875 --> 00:15:36,915
on our way to public school
P.S. 138 in Brooklyn,
256
00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:39,170
between Nostrand and Rogers.
257
00:15:40,709 --> 00:15:43,039
First time in the snow.
258
00:15:43,125 --> 00:15:46,375
My mother and my cousin
came down for the picture
259
00:15:46,458 --> 00:15:48,328
before going
to their factory jobs
260
00:15:48,417 --> 00:15:49,997
in the Garment District.
261
00:15:51,667 --> 00:15:53,167
On our way to Congo again,
262
00:15:53,250 --> 00:15:56,630
after General Mobutu's
1965 coup.
263
00:15:58,333 --> 00:15:59,753
Despite his crimes,
264
00:15:59,834 --> 00:16:03,294
Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku
Ngbendu Wa Za Banga
265
00:16:03,375 --> 00:16:05,995
would remain a welcome guest
everywhere
266
00:16:06,083 --> 00:16:07,583
for the next 30 years.
267
00:16:08,834 --> 00:16:12,004
It helps when you are one
of the richest men in the world
268
00:16:12,083 --> 00:16:16,583
and you control an extravagant
assortment of copper, uranium,
269
00:16:16,667 --> 00:16:18,877
cobalt, diamonds, and gold.
270
00:16:23,834 --> 00:16:27,334
We traveled a lot,
because of another dictator.
271
00:16:31,875 --> 00:16:34,665
♪ (OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
272
00:16:40,375 --> 00:16:42,915
RAOUL: But it doesn't feel
like an exile.
273
00:16:43,500 --> 00:16:45,330
I am with family.
274
00:16:45,417 --> 00:16:48,167
I am an immigrant
from a "shithole country,"
275
00:16:48,250 --> 00:16:49,170
like he said.
276
00:16:49,250 --> 00:16:51,920
♪ (QUIET PIANO MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
277
00:17:15,250 --> 00:17:19,290
-(ELECTRICITY HUMS)
-(KEYBOARD CLACKING)
278
00:17:19,375 --> 00:17:22,165
RAOUL: There is this one short,
simple sentence
279
00:17:22,250 --> 00:17:24,920
that sums up the history
of the Western world
280
00:17:25,000 --> 00:17:27,290
and the European continent.
281
00:17:27,792 --> 00:17:29,792
(KEYBOARD CLACKING)
282
00:17:30,625 --> 00:17:33,125
At the turn of the 20th century,
283
00:17:33,208 --> 00:17:35,748
a Polish writer
named Joseph Conrad,
284
00:17:35,834 --> 00:17:39,044
who often thought in French
but wrote in English,
285
00:17:39,125 --> 00:17:41,285
succeeded in putting it
into words
286
00:17:41,375 --> 00:17:44,785
in his novel entitled
Heart of Darkness.
287
00:17:46,250 --> 00:17:48,420
This sentence, spoken by Kurtz,
288
00:17:48,500 --> 00:17:50,960
the main character
of Conrad's book,
289
00:17:51,041 --> 00:17:53,381
will be the last
on the civilizing task
290
00:17:53,458 --> 00:17:56,998
of the white man
among the savages of Africa.
291
00:17:57,083 --> 00:18:00,463
And this sentence
says nothing about Europe
292
00:18:00,542 --> 00:18:03,132
as the original home
of humanism,
293
00:18:03,208 --> 00:18:05,378
democracy, and welfare.
294
00:18:07,166 --> 00:18:11,706
It says nothing about anything
to be rightly proud of.
295
00:18:11,792 --> 00:18:15,132
It simply tells the truth
we prefer to forget.
296
00:18:15,208 --> 00:18:17,708
-(PLANE ENGINES REVVING)
-(BOMBS WHISTLING)
297
00:18:20,458 --> 00:18:21,668
(EXPLOSION BOOMS)
298
00:18:21,750 --> 00:18:24,500
♪ ("WAR REQUIEM OP 66"
BY BENJAMIN BRITTEN PLAYING) ♪
299
00:18:33,750 --> 00:18:35,580
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
300
00:18:35,667 --> 00:18:38,417
RAOUL:
The English word, "exterminate,"
301
00:18:38,500 --> 00:18:40,210
from the Latin "extermino,"
302
00:18:40,291 --> 00:18:44,331
means "drive over the border
to death, banish for life."
303
00:18:48,875 --> 00:18:52,285
The object of the action
is seldom a single individual,
304
00:18:52,375 --> 00:18:55,825
but usually whole groups,
such as quitch grass,
305
00:18:56,375 --> 00:18:57,375
rats,
306
00:18:58,375 --> 00:18:59,495
or people.
307
00:19:01,000 --> 00:19:02,540
The term "brutes," of course,
308
00:19:02,625 --> 00:19:05,915
reduces the object
to its mere animal status.
309
00:19:06,000 --> 00:19:08,460
♪ (OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
310
00:19:08,542 --> 00:19:10,712
(BIRDS CALLING)
311
00:19:12,208 --> 00:19:14,458
Africans have been called beasts
312
00:19:14,542 --> 00:19:17,672
ever since their very first
contact with Europeans,
313
00:19:17,750 --> 00:19:21,170
who described them
as "rude and beastly."
314
00:19:23,375 --> 00:19:27,205
(JUNGLE ANIMALS SCREECHING)
315
00:19:35,583 --> 00:19:38,633
♪ (DRAMATIC MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
316
00:19:47,291 --> 00:19:49,501
RAOUL:
It is in the 17th century
317
00:19:49,583 --> 00:19:52,083
that Thomas Hobbes
said to a friend,
318
00:19:53,667 --> 00:19:56,457
"Some men are
of so cruel a nature
319
00:19:56,542 --> 00:19:58,672
as to take a delight
in killing men
320
00:19:58,750 --> 00:20:00,920
more than you should
to kill a bird."
321
00:20:06,083 --> 00:20:08,503
This is Sven Lindqvist,
322
00:20:08,583 --> 00:20:11,003
a man I now call a friend.
323
00:20:11,083 --> 00:20:15,133
He wrote the book entitled
Exterminate All the Brutes.
324
00:20:15,917 --> 00:20:17,627
This is also his story.
325
00:20:22,625 --> 00:20:23,955
Sven told me...
326
00:20:25,291 --> 00:20:28,541
in an Algerian town
in the desert, named Salah,
327
00:20:28,625 --> 00:20:31,705
the Scottish explorer
Alexander Gordon Laing
328
00:20:31,792 --> 00:20:33,502
was attacked and robbed.
329
00:20:35,417 --> 00:20:38,537
He had five saber cuts
on the crown of his head
330
00:20:38,625 --> 00:20:41,455
and three on the left temple.
331
00:20:41,542 --> 00:20:45,382
The one on his left cheekbone
fractured his jawbone
332
00:20:45,458 --> 00:20:46,958
and slit his ear.
333
00:20:47,041 --> 00:20:50,881
A dreadful gash in his neck
scratched his windpipe,
334
00:20:50,959 --> 00:20:52,459
and so on.
335
00:20:52,542 --> 00:20:56,212
Laing was attacked
in January 1825.
336
00:20:56,291 --> 00:20:58,381
But fear is timeless.
337
00:20:59,500 --> 00:21:02,830
"A man may destroy everything
within himself,"
338
00:21:02,917 --> 00:21:04,877
wrote Conrad.
339
00:21:04,959 --> 00:21:08,539
"Love and hate and belief,
and even doubt.
340
00:21:08,625 --> 00:21:10,415
But as long
as he clings to life,
341
00:21:10,500 --> 00:21:12,500
-he cannot destroy fear."
-(MONKEY SCREECHES)
342
00:21:12,583 --> 00:21:14,383
(GUNSHOT)
343
00:21:15,542 --> 00:21:17,792
RAOUL: Fear always remains.
344
00:21:19,291 --> 00:21:23,631
Perhaps in fear we seek
an increased perception of life,
345
00:21:23,709 --> 00:21:26,959
a more compelling
form of existence.
346
00:21:27,041 --> 00:21:30,711
I am frightened,
therefore I exist.
347
00:21:30,792 --> 00:21:34,042
The more frightened I am,
the more I exist?
348
00:21:36,375 --> 00:21:40,035
♪ ("I'M HAPPY
WHEN I CATCH A CARIBOU"
BY JOHN PIASTUTETE PLAYING) ♪
349
00:21:45,333 --> 00:21:48,543
RAOUL: There was a land named
Tsenacommacah,
350
00:21:48,625 --> 00:21:52,205
which means
"densely inhabited land."
351
00:21:52,291 --> 00:21:56,001
It was a powerful confederacy
of more than 30 nations
352
00:21:56,083 --> 00:21:57,753
led by Wahunsonacock,
353
00:21:57,834 --> 00:22:00,834
better known
as the father of Pocahontas.
354
00:22:02,875 --> 00:22:05,665
On May 14th, 1607,
355
00:22:05,750 --> 00:22:08,250
a hundred and four
English men and boys
356
00:22:08,333 --> 00:22:09,753
landed on Tsenacommacah,
357
00:22:09,834 --> 00:22:11,794
on the bank
of the Powhatan River,
358
00:22:11,875 --> 00:22:15,165
and decided to establish
a settlement.
359
00:22:15,250 --> 00:22:17,420
But soon enough,
it was very clear
360
00:22:17,500 --> 00:22:19,460
that they lacked a supply line
361
00:22:19,542 --> 00:22:22,922
and proved unable
or unwilling to grow crops
362
00:22:23,000 --> 00:22:25,580
or hunt
for their own sustenance.
363
00:22:26,709 --> 00:22:28,419
Military leader John Smith
364
00:22:28,500 --> 00:22:30,750
threatened to kill
all the women and children
365
00:22:30,834 --> 00:22:34,384
if the Powhatans would not feed
and clothe the settlers,
366
00:22:34,458 --> 00:22:37,458
as well as provide them
with land and labor.
367
00:22:38,417 --> 00:22:40,707
The leader
of the Powhatan Confederacy,
368
00:22:40,792 --> 00:22:43,752
Wahunsonacock,
entreated the invaders.
369
00:22:45,000 --> 00:22:46,630
"Why should you take by force
370
00:22:46,709 --> 00:22:49,499
that from us
which you can have by love?
371
00:22:49,583 --> 00:22:53,543
Why should you destroy us
who have provided you with food?
372
00:22:54,208 --> 00:22:56,168
What can you get by war?
373
00:22:56,250 --> 00:22:58,880
What is the cause
of your jealousy?
374
00:22:58,959 --> 00:23:00,539
You see us unarmed
375
00:23:00,625 --> 00:23:02,705
and willing to supply
your wants,
376
00:23:02,792 --> 00:23:04,882
if you will come
in a friendly manner,
377
00:23:04,959 --> 00:23:08,919
and not with swords and guns,
as to invade an enemy."
378
00:23:10,625 --> 00:23:13,205
Smith's threat was carried out.
379
00:23:13,291 --> 00:23:17,041
After all, he worked for
the Virginia Company of London,
380
00:23:17,125 --> 00:23:18,785
a for-profit enterprise.
381
00:23:21,667 --> 00:23:26,077
War against the Powhatans
started in August 1609,
382
00:23:26,166 --> 00:23:29,036
and their elimination
was the order of the day.
383
00:23:29,125 --> 00:23:30,285
(GUNSHOT)
384
00:23:31,834 --> 00:23:33,134
(DISTANT SHOUTING)
385
00:23:34,166 --> 00:23:35,996
-(HORSE NEIGHS)
-(GUNSHOT)
386
00:23:37,625 --> 00:23:39,035
(GUNSHOT)
387
00:23:39,125 --> 00:23:41,955
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
388
00:23:45,083 --> 00:23:49,633
(GUNSHOTS CONTINUE)
389
00:23:50,208 --> 00:23:51,828
(RAVEN CAWS)
390
00:23:59,417 --> 00:24:00,787
(GRUNTS)
391
00:24:04,917 --> 00:24:05,997
(COUGHS)
392
00:24:10,083 --> 00:24:11,133
(GUNSHOT)
393
00:24:12,333 --> 00:24:15,083
(INDISTINCT SHOUTING)
394
00:24:15,166 --> 00:24:17,666
(GUNSHOTS CONTINUE)
395
00:24:23,208 --> 00:24:26,168
(SHOUTING CONTINUES)
396
00:24:37,542 --> 00:24:39,672
(RAVEN CAWING)
397
00:24:41,208 --> 00:24:42,248
(GUNSHOT)
398
00:24:53,709 --> 00:24:54,749
(GUNSHOT)
399
00:24:57,333 --> 00:24:58,383
(GRUNTS)
400
00:25:02,125 --> 00:25:03,125
(COUGHS)
401
00:25:11,166 --> 00:25:13,746
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
402
00:25:17,917 --> 00:25:19,537
RAOUL: Sven tells me,
403
00:25:19,625 --> 00:25:21,375
"You already know enough.
404
00:25:22,000 --> 00:25:23,170
So do I.
405
00:25:23,250 --> 00:25:25,210
It is not knowledge we lack.
406
00:25:25,291 --> 00:25:26,331
What is missing
407
00:25:26,417 --> 00:25:28,707
is the courage
to understand what we know
408
00:25:28,792 --> 00:25:30,212
and to draw conclusions."
409
00:25:33,792 --> 00:25:36,542
For we know now
when the story started.
410
00:25:36,625 --> 00:25:39,375
We know now
when race, color, and blood
411
00:25:39,458 --> 00:25:42,498
became institutionalized
for the first time.
412
00:25:42,583 --> 00:25:44,713
♪ (OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
413
00:25:44,792 --> 00:25:47,212
We saw it taking form
with the Crusades
414
00:25:47,291 --> 00:25:50,381
when the Christian kingdoms
of Northern Spain,
415
00:25:50,458 --> 00:25:52,208
together with
the church leadership
416
00:25:52,291 --> 00:25:54,131
and other European monarchies,
417
00:25:54,208 --> 00:25:57,378
decided to take over
Muslim-controlled trade routes
418
00:25:57,458 --> 00:25:58,788
to the Far East.
419
00:26:00,625 --> 00:26:03,875
♪ ("SYMPHONY NO.3"
BY GUSTAV MAHLER PLAYING) ♪
420
00:26:03,959 --> 00:26:08,169
♪ (SINGING IN GERMAN) ♪
421
00:26:16,041 --> 00:26:17,421
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
422
00:26:17,500 --> 00:26:19,750
RAOUL: The ultimate goal
of the church
423
00:26:19,834 --> 00:26:21,384
and the European rulers
424
00:26:21,458 --> 00:26:25,418
was never just about
winning souls to Christianity.
425
00:26:25,500 --> 00:26:27,960
It was also about
gaining wealth and power
426
00:26:28,041 --> 00:26:29,791
through annihilation.
427
00:26:29,875 --> 00:26:32,285
(BELLS TOLLING)
428
00:26:33,875 --> 00:26:36,415
RAOUL:
In 1478, the pope approved
429
00:26:36,500 --> 00:26:39,170
the establishment
of the Spanish Inquisition,
430
00:26:39,250 --> 00:26:42,500
which had to investigate
the cleanliness of blood
431
00:26:42,583 --> 00:26:44,543
of Moorish and Jewish converts.
432
00:26:46,250 --> 00:26:49,170
Clean blood
was Christian European.
433
00:26:49,250 --> 00:26:52,960
Unclean blood was savage,
non-Christian.
434
00:26:53,834 --> 00:26:55,084
This is the origin
435
00:26:55,166 --> 00:26:57,706
of the ideology
of white supremacy.
436
00:27:00,667 --> 00:27:02,417
For the first time in the world,
437
00:27:02,500 --> 00:27:05,420
the concept of race
based on blood
438
00:27:05,500 --> 00:27:07,170
was used as law.
439
00:27:07,709 --> 00:27:09,999
(BIRDS SINGING)
440
00:27:12,000 --> 00:27:15,290
White supremacy made it possible
for Europeans
441
00:27:15,375 --> 00:27:16,955
to think it was acceptable
442
00:27:17,041 --> 00:27:20,381
to enslave or exterminate
other peoples.
443
00:27:21,709 --> 00:27:26,879
That led to the mass deportation
of Jews from Spain in 1492,
444
00:27:26,959 --> 00:27:30,379
and Muslims
in the following decades.
445
00:27:30,458 --> 00:27:32,918
It happened with
the forced deportation
446
00:27:33,000 --> 00:27:35,040
of more than
ten million Africans
447
00:27:35,125 --> 00:27:37,075
from the human motherland.
448
00:27:37,875 --> 00:27:39,705
It happened to Native peoples
449
00:27:39,792 --> 00:27:43,752
in what came to be called
the United States of America.
450
00:27:43,834 --> 00:27:48,254
And again, in the 20th century,
without any contrition,
451
00:27:48,333 --> 00:27:50,713
it happened
during the Holocaust.
452
00:27:50,792 --> 00:27:55,582
(TRAIN CHUGGING, WHISTLING)
453
00:28:03,000 --> 00:28:05,380
RAOUL:
The road to Auschwitz was paved
454
00:28:05,458 --> 00:28:08,078
in the earliest days
of Christendom.
455
00:28:08,750 --> 00:28:11,000
And this road also leads
456
00:28:11,083 --> 00:28:13,253
straight to the heart
of America.
457
00:28:18,750 --> 00:28:21,210
♪ (DRUMS BEATING) ♪
458
00:28:24,917 --> 00:28:27,377
♪ (FANFARE) ♪
459
00:28:31,125 --> 00:28:33,415
♪ (MUSIC CONTINUES DISTANTLY) ♪
460
00:28:43,875 --> 00:28:47,455
(CROWD CHEERING)
461
00:28:55,625 --> 00:28:57,455
(CHEERING CONTINUES)
462
00:29:04,750 --> 00:29:10,670
(IN GERMAN)
463
00:29:11,291 --> 00:29:13,631
(GUNSHOTS)
464
00:29:13,709 --> 00:29:15,419
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
465
00:29:15,500 --> 00:29:17,000
(GUNSHOT)
466
00:29:23,083 --> 00:29:24,923
RAOUL: (IN ENGLISH)
The Germans have been made
467
00:29:25,000 --> 00:29:27,920
the sole scapegoats
for ideas of extermination
468
00:29:28,000 --> 00:29:30,960
that are actually
a common European heritage.
469
00:29:33,333 --> 00:29:36,003
There was a discussion
in Germany in the '70s
470
00:29:36,083 --> 00:29:37,293
over the question,
471
00:29:37,375 --> 00:29:41,495
"Is the Nazi extermination
of the Jews unique or not?"
472
00:29:45,291 --> 00:29:47,751
All historical events
are unique
473
00:29:47,834 --> 00:29:50,254
and not copies of each other.
474
00:29:50,333 --> 00:29:52,583
But they can be compared.
475
00:29:52,667 --> 00:29:54,877
There are similarities
and differences
476
00:29:54,959 --> 00:29:57,039
between the extermination
of the Jews
477
00:29:57,125 --> 00:29:58,915
and other mass murders.
478
00:30:00,041 --> 00:30:02,831
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC CONTINUES) ♪
479
00:30:08,333 --> 00:30:10,713
I have seen these images before.
480
00:30:12,125 --> 00:30:14,575
They are always the same.
481
00:30:14,667 --> 00:30:18,917
Everywhere, in ancient
and modern times.
482
00:30:19,000 --> 00:30:21,790
The ridicule of their display.
483
00:30:21,875 --> 00:30:25,705
It is their banality
that gets me every time.
484
00:30:29,125 --> 00:30:31,875
♪ (OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
485
00:30:40,834 --> 00:30:42,674
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
486
00:30:42,750 --> 00:30:46,580
(SPEAKING GERMAN)
487
00:30:51,792 --> 00:30:54,422
(CROWD CHEERS)
488
00:30:56,333 --> 00:30:58,293
(BIRDS SINGING)
489
00:31:00,125 --> 00:31:01,665
RAOUL: (IN ENGLISH)
No one points out
490
00:31:01,750 --> 00:31:03,460
that during Hitler's childhood,
491
00:31:03,542 --> 00:31:06,672
a major element
in the European view of mankind
492
00:31:06,750 --> 00:31:09,540
was the conviction
that inferior races
493
00:31:09,625 --> 00:31:12,825
were by nature
condemned to extinction.
494
00:31:12,917 --> 00:31:15,377
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
495
00:31:15,458 --> 00:31:19,708
The truly charitable attitude
of the superior races
496
00:31:19,792 --> 00:31:22,422
consisted in helping them
on their way.
497
00:31:22,500 --> 00:31:25,250
(THUNDER RUMBLES)
498
00:31:25,333 --> 00:31:28,793
All German historians
participating in this debate
499
00:31:28,875 --> 00:31:31,575
seemed to look
in the same direction.
500
00:31:32,625 --> 00:31:34,415
None looks to the West.
501
00:31:35,291 --> 00:31:36,751
But Hitler did.
502
00:31:37,417 --> 00:31:40,167
He had found his models.
503
00:31:40,250 --> 00:31:42,330
♪ ("DREAMLAND" BY BOB MARLEY
& THE WAILERS PLAYING) ♪
504
00:31:42,417 --> 00:31:46,957
(SINGING) ♪ There's a land
That I have heard about ♪
505
00:31:47,041 --> 00:31:52,381
♪ So far across the sea ♪
506
00:31:52,458 --> 00:31:58,998
♪ There's a land
That I have heard about ♪
507
00:31:59,083 --> 00:32:04,883
♪ So far across the sea ♪
508
00:32:07,000 --> 00:32:13,080
♪ To have you all
My dreamland ♪
509
00:32:13,166 --> 00:32:18,126
♪ Would be like heaven to me ♪
510
00:32:19,375 --> 00:32:24,285
♪ To have you all
My dreamland... ♪
511
00:32:24,375 --> 00:32:28,455
RAOUL: Of course, one man alone
did not singlehandedly engineer
512
00:32:28,542 --> 00:32:32,082
the killing of more
than six million Jews.
513
00:32:32,166 --> 00:32:34,286
Hundreds of thousands
of enablers
514
00:32:34,375 --> 00:32:37,205
were also there
to plan, execute,
515
00:32:37,291 --> 00:32:39,631
or to simply profit from it.
516
00:32:39,709 --> 00:32:43,039
♪ (TENSE MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
517
00:32:45,041 --> 00:32:48,831
RAOUL: Renowned industrialist
Henry Ford gave the Nazi party
518
00:32:48,917 --> 00:32:52,787
all the profit from cars
sold in Germany.
519
00:32:52,875 --> 00:32:56,705
And every year,
an additional 350,000 dollars
520
00:32:56,792 --> 00:32:59,172
was allocated
for Hitler's birthday.
521
00:32:59,250 --> 00:33:00,420
Heil!
522
00:33:00,500 --> 00:33:03,000
RAOUL: While millions of others
committed themselves
523
00:33:03,083 --> 00:33:04,923
to remaining silent.
524
00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:07,710
(CROWD CLAMORING)
525
00:33:08,250 --> 00:33:15,000
FRITZ JULIUS KUHN:
526
00:33:27,083 --> 00:33:29,753
(CHEERING AND APPLAUSE)
527
00:33:31,583 --> 00:33:34,253
(INDISTINCT SHOUTING)
528
00:33:34,333 --> 00:33:35,793
FRITZ: Wait, wait.
529
00:33:38,834 --> 00:33:43,254
(CROWD CHATTERING IN GERMAN)
530
00:33:47,500 --> 00:33:49,170
(WOMEN LAUGHING)
531
00:33:49,250 --> 00:33:53,170
RAOUL: (IN ENGLISH) The essence
of this story is fragile.
532
00:33:53,250 --> 00:33:57,330
It requires renunciation
of all prejudices.
533
00:33:57,417 --> 00:34:00,577
Modesty and humility
are needed here.
534
00:34:02,083 --> 00:34:04,463
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
535
00:34:06,792 --> 00:34:09,082
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
536
00:34:24,750 --> 00:34:27,710
RAOUL: Why do I bring myself
into this story?
537
00:34:27,792 --> 00:34:29,502
Where do I fit in it?
538
00:34:31,250 --> 00:34:32,540
As a filmmaker,
539
00:34:32,625 --> 00:34:35,875
I am compelled to stay hidden
in the background.
540
00:34:35,959 --> 00:34:39,249
Restrained, moderate, balanced,
541
00:34:39,333 --> 00:34:43,003
judicious, neutral even.
542
00:34:43,083 --> 00:34:46,833
You learn to avoid becoming
the subject of your film.
543
00:34:47,542 --> 00:34:49,172
It's not about you.
544
00:34:49,250 --> 00:34:52,250
Unless the story
is bigger than you.
545
00:34:52,333 --> 00:34:55,753
-(WIND WHISTLING)
-(METAL CREAKING)
546
00:34:55,834 --> 00:34:58,964
In that case, you go for broke.
547
00:34:59,041 --> 00:35:01,461
Neutrality is not an option.
548
00:35:01,542 --> 00:35:04,712
And those who seek history
with an upbeat ending,
549
00:35:04,792 --> 00:35:10,252
redemption, or reconciliation,
may search in vain.
550
00:35:10,333 --> 00:35:13,333
Such a conclusion
cannot be expected.
551
00:35:20,583 --> 00:35:22,423
In the late 15th century,
552
00:35:22,500 --> 00:35:25,420
Europeans started
to colonize the New World.
553
00:35:25,500 --> 00:35:27,000
(WOOD CREAKING)
554
00:35:27,083 --> 00:35:30,003
RAOUL: Crossing the Atlantic,
Columbus, an Italian,
555
00:35:30,083 --> 00:35:33,793
landed on an Island
that he claimed for Spain.
556
00:35:33,875 --> 00:35:37,665
In 1497, John Cabot,
also an Italian,
557
00:35:37,750 --> 00:35:41,130
claimed another territory
for the king of England.
558
00:35:41,208 --> 00:35:45,288
In 1500, Pedro Álvares Cabral,
a Portuguese,
559
00:35:45,375 --> 00:35:48,785
serving his own king,
reached Brazil.
560
00:35:48,875 --> 00:35:52,165
Vasco Núñez de Balboa
crossed through a piece of land
561
00:35:52,250 --> 00:35:55,630
to find the Pacific.
He claimed it for Spain.
562
00:35:55,709 --> 00:35:58,129
Ferdinand Magellan,
a Portuguese,
563
00:35:58,208 --> 00:35:59,878
also did the same for Spain
564
00:35:59,959 --> 00:36:02,419
and died on his way
around the world.
565
00:36:03,834 --> 00:36:06,174
The Italian
Giovanni da Verrazzano
566
00:36:06,250 --> 00:36:08,580
followed the coastline
of North America
567
00:36:08,667 --> 00:36:09,997
for the king of France,
568
00:36:10,083 --> 00:36:13,173
and got a bridge named
after him in New York.
569
00:36:13,250 --> 00:36:15,210
(SEAGULLS SQUAWKING)
570
00:36:15,291 --> 00:36:17,631
RAOUL:
In 1534, Jacques Cartier
571
00:36:17,709 --> 00:36:21,419
claimed another piece for France
and named it "Canada."
572
00:36:22,709 --> 00:36:25,499
A few years before,
Amerigo Vespucci,
573
00:36:25,583 --> 00:36:30,043
an Italian sailing for Portugal,
had proved Columbus wrong again,
574
00:36:30,125 --> 00:36:32,625
in that he had not reached
the West Indies,
575
00:36:32,709 --> 00:36:35,579
but what he would then call
"the New World."
576
00:36:36,583 --> 00:36:39,333
As a result,
a German cartographer,
577
00:36:39,417 --> 00:36:41,377
Martin Waldseemüller,
578
00:36:41,458 --> 00:36:45,128
gave the name America
to the whole continent.
579
00:36:46,000 --> 00:36:48,380
(HORSE NEIGHING)
580
00:36:50,041 --> 00:36:51,211
From the beginning,
581
00:36:51,291 --> 00:36:53,251
the extension
of the United States
582
00:36:53,333 --> 00:36:54,753
from sea to shining sea
583
00:36:54,834 --> 00:36:58,504
was the intention and design
of the country's founders.
584
00:36:59,500 --> 00:37:01,330
Free land was the magnet
585
00:37:01,417 --> 00:37:03,957
that attracted
European settlers.
586
00:37:04,875 --> 00:37:07,455
This particular form
of colonialism
587
00:37:07,542 --> 00:37:10,792
is called settler colonialism.
588
00:37:10,875 --> 00:37:14,285
But as a system,
it requires violence.
589
00:37:14,375 --> 00:37:17,205
It requires
the elimination of the Natives
590
00:37:17,291 --> 00:37:20,501
and their replacement
by European settlers.
591
00:37:20,583 --> 00:37:23,083
♪ (DRAMATIC MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
592
00:37:40,834 --> 00:37:44,504
(RUMBLING)
593
00:38:33,166 --> 00:38:34,416
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
594
00:38:34,500 --> 00:38:36,210
RAOUL:
The charge of genocide,
595
00:38:36,291 --> 00:38:38,171
when applied
to the United States,
596
00:38:38,250 --> 00:38:42,130
has been unacceptable
for a very long time.
597
00:38:42,208 --> 00:38:45,208
But the evidence leaves
no other choice today.
598
00:38:48,542 --> 00:38:49,962
From the first settlements
599
00:38:50,041 --> 00:38:52,211
to the founding
of the United States,
600
00:38:52,291 --> 00:38:55,791
and continuing
into the 21st century,
601
00:38:55,875 --> 00:38:58,825
the elimination of the Native
is consciously,
602
00:38:58,917 --> 00:39:02,957
or unconsciously,
wired into the process.
603
00:39:03,041 --> 00:39:06,251
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
604
00:39:26,583 --> 00:39:28,173
RAOUL: This is a story,
605
00:39:28,250 --> 00:39:31,330
not a contribution
to historical research.
606
00:39:31,417 --> 00:39:35,417
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC CONTINUES) ♪
607
00:39:59,125 --> 00:40:01,625
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
608
00:40:01,709 --> 00:40:04,209
RAOUL: The nature
of this historical process
609
00:40:04,291 --> 00:40:05,881
is still blurred by the notion
610
00:40:05,959 --> 00:40:07,879
that violence
was committed equally
611
00:40:07,959 --> 00:40:10,039
by the colonized
and the colonizer.
612
00:40:10,125 --> 00:40:11,875
♪ ("AMERICAN DREAM"
BY J.S. ONDARA PLAYING) ♪
613
00:40:11,959 --> 00:40:16,329
(SINGING) ♪ It was just
An American dream ♪
614
00:40:16,417 --> 00:40:21,667
♪ It was just
An American dream ♪
615
00:40:22,792 --> 00:40:24,212
♪ Hey ♪
616
00:40:25,000 --> 00:40:26,670
♪ Hey ♪
617
00:40:29,834 --> 00:40:34,084
♪ It was just
An American dream ♪
618
00:40:34,166 --> 00:40:39,666
♪ It was just
An American dream ♪
619
00:40:40,500 --> 00:40:42,040
♪ Hey ♪
620
00:40:42,667 --> 00:40:44,577
♪ Hey... ♪
621
00:40:44,667 --> 00:40:47,207
RAOUL: But people do not
hand over their land,
622
00:40:47,291 --> 00:40:49,421
their resources, their children,
623
00:40:49,500 --> 00:40:51,830
and their futures,
without a fight.
624
00:40:52,834 --> 00:40:56,884
And that fight
is always met with violence.
625
00:40:56,959 --> 00:40:58,959
(SINGING) ♪ Well, the gold
And the silver... ♪
626
00:40:59,041 --> 00:41:02,501
RAOUL: In U.S. history,
everything is about the land.
627
00:41:02,583 --> 00:41:06,963
Who oversaw and cultivated it,
who fished its waters,
628
00:41:07,041 --> 00:41:08,881
maintained its wildlife,
629
00:41:09,542 --> 00:41:11,542
who invaded and stole it.
630
00:41:12,917 --> 00:41:15,787
It's about how the land
became a commodity,
631
00:41:15,875 --> 00:41:18,495
"real estate,"
broken into pieces
632
00:41:18,583 --> 00:41:21,043
to be bought
and sold on the market.
633
00:41:25,041 --> 00:41:29,421
♪ It was just
An American dream ♪
634
00:41:29,500 --> 00:41:35,040
♪ It was just
An American dream ♪
635
00:41:35,667 --> 00:41:37,167
♪ Hey ♪
636
00:41:37,875 --> 00:41:39,325
♪ Hey ♪
637
00:41:43,041 --> 00:41:44,501
♪ It was just... ♪
638
00:41:44,583 --> 00:41:46,503
RAOUL: It is about
how African bodies
639
00:41:46,583 --> 00:41:49,923
became properties
and source of labor,
640
00:41:50,000 --> 00:41:53,670
and how poor white settlers
embraced white supremacy
641
00:41:53,750 --> 00:41:56,210
as a substitute for land
and slaves.
642
00:41:58,375 --> 00:42:01,665
The poet William Carlos Williams
wrote,
643
00:42:01,750 --> 00:42:04,040
"The land! Don't you feel it?
644
00:42:04,125 --> 00:42:06,205
Doesn't it make you want
to go out
645
00:42:06,291 --> 00:42:09,671
and lift dead Indians tenderly
from their graves
646
00:42:09,750 --> 00:42:12,080
to steal from them
some authenticity,
647
00:42:12,166 --> 00:42:15,376
as if it must be clinging
even to their corpses."
648
00:42:18,041 --> 00:42:21,881
Without the unpaid forced labor
of enslaved Africans,
649
00:42:21,959 --> 00:42:26,129
a farmer growing cash crops
could not compete on the market.
650
00:42:28,709 --> 00:42:30,499
Once in the hands of settlers,
651
00:42:30,583 --> 00:42:34,043
the land itself was no longer
sacred or collective,
652
00:42:34,125 --> 00:42:36,455
as it had been
for the Indigenous people.
653
00:42:37,208 --> 00:42:39,038
It became private property.
654
00:42:39,125 --> 00:42:41,705
A commodity
to be acquired and sold,
655
00:42:41,792 --> 00:42:45,332
every man a possible king,
or at least wealthy.
656
00:42:46,959 --> 00:42:50,749
Most of the founders
were also real estate men.
657
00:42:50,834 --> 00:42:52,584
George Washington
made his fortune
658
00:42:52,667 --> 00:42:54,537
off land speculation.
659
00:42:54,625 --> 00:42:55,955
Indian land.
660
00:42:57,291 --> 00:43:00,791
And then, "the land"
came to mean the country,
661
00:43:00,875 --> 00:43:03,415
the flag, the military,
662
00:43:03,500 --> 00:43:07,040
as in "the land of the free"
from the national anthem.
663
00:43:08,291 --> 00:43:10,831
Those who died fighting
in foreign wars
664
00:43:10,917 --> 00:43:13,127
were said to have sacrificed
their lives
665
00:43:13,208 --> 00:43:15,168
to protect "this land"
666
00:43:15,250 --> 00:43:18,880
that the old settlers
have spilled blood to acquire.
667
00:43:18,959 --> 00:43:21,999
But the blood spilled
was Indigenous blood.
668
00:43:22,083 --> 00:43:25,333
♪ (DRAMATIC MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
669
00:43:33,709 --> 00:43:36,629
RAOUL: This is Sven again.
670
00:43:36,709 --> 00:43:39,829
He reminds me
of these old-time adventurers
671
00:43:39,917 --> 00:43:42,207
who explore the human species,
672
00:43:42,291 --> 00:43:45,461
whatever difficulties
and danger it involves,
673
00:43:45,542 --> 00:43:48,422
whatever faraway travels
it requires.
674
00:43:49,375 --> 00:43:51,705
Definitely not a white savior.
675
00:43:53,375 --> 00:43:56,665
On the contrary,
he is one of these few Europeans
676
00:43:56,750 --> 00:43:59,330
who dare see the beast
for what it is.
677
00:44:00,458 --> 00:44:02,208
Sven is a witness.
678
00:44:02,917 --> 00:44:04,747
Sven traveled the world.
679
00:44:06,500 --> 00:44:08,460
Sven told me stories,
680
00:44:08,542 --> 00:44:11,292
some of which I already knew.
681
00:44:11,375 --> 00:44:15,375
He told me about this world,
about his world,
682
00:44:15,458 --> 00:44:16,958
without cynicism,
683
00:44:17,041 --> 00:44:20,751
which would not be inconceivable
at this stage of the story.
684
00:44:21,667 --> 00:44:23,457
For Sven saw my world,
685
00:44:23,542 --> 00:44:24,922
lived in it,
686
00:44:25,000 --> 00:44:26,880
as I lived in his.
687
00:44:26,959 --> 00:44:31,289
And he wrote about it,
making it palpable.
688
00:44:31,375 --> 00:44:34,165
And when he delved
into the horror,
689
00:44:34,250 --> 00:44:37,420
I knew what he meant
and what he went through.
690
00:44:38,208 --> 00:44:39,788
I could trust him.
691
00:44:39,875 --> 00:44:43,665
Our distinctive skin colors
never were an obstacle.
692
00:44:43,750 --> 00:44:46,130
And that is the way
it should be.
693
00:44:46,208 --> 00:44:49,578
♪ (DRAMATIC MUSIC CONTINUES) ♪
694
00:45:06,250 --> 00:45:08,330
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
695
00:45:08,417 --> 00:45:11,327
(BIRDS CHIRPING)
696
00:45:11,417 --> 00:45:15,127
♪ ("TWO ON A BIKE"
BY GORDON JENKINS PLAYING) ♪
697
00:45:16,625 --> 00:45:17,705
(BICYCLE BELL RINGS)
698
00:45:17,792 --> 00:45:20,792
(SINGING) ♪ Merrily, merrily
We roll along ♪
699
00:45:20,875 --> 00:45:23,745
♪ Lovers on bicycle wheels ♪
700
00:45:23,834 --> 00:45:27,004
♪ Merrily, merrily
We roll along ♪
701
00:45:27,083 --> 00:45:29,173
♪ Who needs automobiles... ♪
702
00:45:29,709 --> 00:45:31,209
RAOUL: In 1887,
703
00:45:31,291 --> 00:45:33,711
the Scottish surgeon
J.B. Dunlop
704
00:45:33,792 --> 00:45:37,252
hit upon the idea of equipping
his young son's bicycle
705
00:45:37,333 --> 00:45:40,213
with an inflatable
rubber tube.
706
00:45:40,291 --> 00:45:43,881
The bicycle tire was patented
in 1888.
707
00:45:43,959 --> 00:45:45,289
♪ (OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
708
00:45:45,375 --> 00:45:47,625
Four years earlier,
the Europeans
709
00:45:47,709 --> 00:45:49,959
and the United States
had decided
710
00:45:50,041 --> 00:45:51,631
that it was necessary
to regulate
711
00:45:51,709 --> 00:45:54,629
the thriving exploitation
of the African continent
712
00:45:54,709 --> 00:45:56,959
other than by whoever
got there first,
713
00:45:57,041 --> 00:46:00,081
was the boldest,
or the most murderous.
714
00:46:00,166 --> 00:46:03,036
A situation that was
naturally detrimental
715
00:46:03,125 --> 00:46:05,665
to any respectable
business environment.
716
00:46:08,500 --> 00:46:10,540
They convened
the Congo Conference
717
00:46:10,625 --> 00:46:12,995
to arbitrate the looting.
718
00:46:13,083 --> 00:46:16,383
The main outcome,
of this "gentlemen's agreement"
719
00:46:16,458 --> 00:46:18,418
was the definitive elimination
720
00:46:18,500 --> 00:46:21,920
of most existing forms
of African autonomy
721
00:46:22,000 --> 00:46:23,630
and self-governance.
722
00:46:31,333 --> 00:46:32,583
At the conference,
723
00:46:32,667 --> 00:46:34,787
Belgium's king, Leopold II,
724
00:46:34,875 --> 00:46:37,075
managed to secure
the whole Congo
725
00:46:37,166 --> 00:46:38,956
as his private property.
726
00:46:39,041 --> 00:46:42,211
A territory 80 times bigger
than Belgium.
727
00:46:42,291 --> 00:46:44,421
Basically,
twice the surface area
728
00:46:44,500 --> 00:46:46,540
of Texas
and California combined.
729
00:46:53,875 --> 00:46:55,625
During the years that followed,
730
00:46:55,709 --> 00:46:57,959
demand for rubber exploded.
731
00:46:58,041 --> 00:47:01,041
This would carry
incalculable consequences
732
00:47:01,125 --> 00:47:02,995
for the villages in Congo.
733
00:47:05,750 --> 00:47:09,460
The king instituted
a monopoly on rubber and ivory
734
00:47:09,542 --> 00:47:12,212
and ordered all natives
to supply labor
735
00:47:12,291 --> 00:47:14,041
and products without payment.
736
00:47:15,625 --> 00:47:19,075
Those who refused
had their villages burned down,
737
00:47:19,166 --> 00:47:22,576
their children murdered,
and their hands cut off.
738
00:47:23,417 --> 00:47:25,417
♪ (OMINOUS MUSIC CONTINUES) ♪
739
00:47:27,500 --> 00:47:29,000
(TRAM BELL RINGING)
740
00:47:29,083 --> 00:47:33,713
Such methods led to a dramatic
increase in profitability,
741
00:47:33,792 --> 00:47:37,502
profits which helped
in building, among other things,
742
00:47:37,583 --> 00:47:39,003
impressive monuments
743
00:47:39,083 --> 00:47:41,583
that still decorate
Brussels today.
744
00:47:46,583 --> 00:47:48,713
(BIRDS SINGING)
745
00:47:49,750 --> 00:47:53,250
RAOUL: Monuments paid for
with amputated hands.
746
00:48:02,291 --> 00:48:04,171
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
747
00:48:05,208 --> 00:48:08,748
♪ (CONGREGATION SINGING) ♪
748
00:48:14,542 --> 00:48:16,332
♪ Kyrie ♪
749
00:48:17,667 --> 00:48:22,377
-♪ Kyrie eleison ♪
-♪ Kyrie ♪
750
00:48:22,458 --> 00:48:23,878
♪ Kyrie ♪
751
00:48:23,959 --> 00:48:27,039
-♪ Kyrie ♪
-♪ Kyrie eleison ♪
752
00:48:27,125 --> 00:48:29,035
♪ Kyrie ♪
753
00:48:29,125 --> 00:48:33,995
-♪ Kyrie ♪
-♪ Kyrie eleison ♪
754
00:48:35,625 --> 00:48:37,785
"I bring you clarity,"
755
00:48:39,208 --> 00:48:40,788
said the prophet,
756
00:48:40,875 --> 00:48:43,035
"that you may understand
757
00:48:43,667 --> 00:48:45,827
the world around you."
758
00:48:47,000 --> 00:48:48,290
God tells us
759
00:48:49,000 --> 00:48:52,290
that real life is after death.
760
00:48:53,250 --> 00:48:55,830
The more we suffer,
the more you are granted
761
00:48:56,667 --> 00:48:59,167
with joys in Heaven.
762
00:49:03,875 --> 00:49:06,165
Can't this wait
until the end of my service?
763
00:49:06,917 --> 00:49:08,497
Rubber doesn't wait!
764
00:49:09,709 --> 00:49:10,709
(GRUNTS)
765
00:49:15,750 --> 00:49:17,670
(PANTING)
766
00:49:19,959 --> 00:49:21,579
Where's my rubber?
767
00:49:21,667 --> 00:49:23,377
That's all I got today.
768
00:49:23,458 --> 00:49:24,708
And why is that?
769
00:49:24,792 --> 00:49:27,502
The trees have dried out.
770
00:49:33,917 --> 00:49:34,917
You.
771
00:49:39,709 --> 00:49:41,249
Get the basket.
772
00:49:42,041 --> 00:49:43,831
(COUGHS)
773
00:49:48,875 --> 00:49:51,205
(FLIES BUZZING)
774
00:49:53,041 --> 00:49:55,291
No, stay, stay.
775
00:49:55,375 --> 00:49:58,705
Please, please don't do that.
Please, please don't do that.
776
00:49:58,792 --> 00:50:00,882
(SOBS)
777
00:50:08,083 --> 00:50:09,083
(GUNSHOT)
778
00:50:17,250 --> 00:50:19,080
(GRUNTS, COUGHS)
779
00:50:25,250 --> 00:50:28,420
(THUNDER RUMBLING)
780
00:50:32,834 --> 00:50:33,964
(GRUNTS)
781
00:51:14,291 --> 00:51:16,501
(BIRDS CALLING)
782
00:51:21,125 --> 00:51:23,825
RAOUL: The Congo adventure
was pure looting,
783
00:51:23,917 --> 00:51:26,537
Leopold II running the numbers.
784
00:51:26,625 --> 00:51:30,035
Plundering bodies,
plundering resources.
785
00:51:31,000 --> 00:51:33,420
The draining
of a whole continent.
786
00:51:33,500 --> 00:51:35,670
A multi-billion-dollar heist.
787
00:51:37,333 --> 00:51:39,503
(TRAIN WHISTLES)
788
00:51:42,625 --> 00:51:45,495
RAOUL: Ten years after
the creation of the Congo state,
789
00:51:45,583 --> 00:51:49,463
the writer Joseph Conrad
sent his first short story,
790
00:51:49,542 --> 00:51:53,002
"An Outpost of Progress,"
to Cosmopolis magazine.
791
00:51:54,333 --> 00:51:56,923
He, too, had gone up
the Congo River
792
00:51:57,000 --> 00:51:59,250
on one
of the company's steamers.
793
00:51:59,333 --> 00:52:01,883
He, too,
had seen the trading post
794
00:52:01,959 --> 00:52:04,539
and listened
to the passengers' stories.
795
00:52:07,291 --> 00:52:09,421
The story is simple.
796
00:52:09,500 --> 00:52:12,170
Two Europeans,
Kayerts and Carlier,
797
00:52:12,250 --> 00:52:13,500
are sent to a trading post
798
00:52:13,583 --> 00:52:15,753
on the banks
of the great Congo River.
799
00:52:16,792 --> 00:52:19,252
♪ (FLUTE MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
800
00:52:19,333 --> 00:52:22,293
Apart from collecting ivory
from the locals,
801
00:52:22,375 --> 00:52:23,705
they don't have much to do
802
00:52:23,792 --> 00:52:26,632
and have plenty of time
to get bored.
803
00:52:26,709 --> 00:52:30,209
Their only reading material
is a yellowed newspaper
804
00:52:30,291 --> 00:52:34,251
that praises colonial expansion
as sacred work
805
00:52:34,333 --> 00:52:36,383
in the service of civilization.
806
00:52:37,625 --> 00:52:41,535
At first, the two companions
believe these fine words.
807
00:52:41,625 --> 00:52:44,785
But gradually, they discover
that such words
808
00:52:44,875 --> 00:52:46,575
are nothing but "sounds,"
809
00:52:46,667 --> 00:52:49,627
sounds that lack content
outside the society
810
00:52:49,709 --> 00:52:51,079
that created them.
811
00:52:52,250 --> 00:52:56,170
Concepts such as "virtue,"
"crime," or "morality"
812
00:52:56,250 --> 00:52:58,540
are nothing but sounds.
813
00:52:58,625 --> 00:53:02,875
Soon, Kayerts and Carlier feel
that no one is watching them.
814
00:53:03,875 --> 00:53:05,415
One day, they argue.
815
00:53:07,000 --> 00:53:08,420
(GROANING)
816
00:53:09,667 --> 00:53:10,707
(GUNSHOT)
817
00:53:12,750 --> 00:53:15,460
RAOUL: Kayerts shoots Carlier
in self-defense
818
00:53:15,542 --> 00:53:17,502
and does not realize until later
819
00:53:17,583 --> 00:53:21,463
that in his panic,
he has killed an unarmed man.
820
00:53:22,542 --> 00:53:25,292
As he sits by the body
of his companion,
821
00:53:25,375 --> 00:53:28,245
Kayerts, for the first time,
really thinks.
822
00:53:29,875 --> 00:53:31,625
Like the rest of mankind,
823
00:53:31,709 --> 00:53:34,459
he has gone around
believing a lot of nonsense.
824
00:53:36,291 --> 00:53:38,831
Left alone
with their own weaknesses,
825
00:53:38,917 --> 00:53:43,577
far from any public opinion,
from any exterior gaze,
826
00:53:43,667 --> 00:53:47,497
any human being is likely
to indulge in the worst.
827
00:53:48,709 --> 00:53:50,669
(ENGINE RUMBLING)
828
00:53:52,291 --> 00:53:54,631
♪ (DRAMATIC MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
829
00:53:54,709 --> 00:53:56,999
RAOUL: Conrad and Wells
knew about each other
830
00:53:57,083 --> 00:54:00,253
when the latter wrote
The Time Machine in 1895.
831
00:54:02,834 --> 00:54:06,214
Hatred and fear
seize the time traveler.
832
00:54:06,291 --> 00:54:08,791
He longs to kill Morlocks.
833
00:54:08,875 --> 00:54:11,665
He wants to go straight
into the darkness,
834
00:54:11,750 --> 00:54:13,290
"to kill the brutes."
835
00:54:14,166 --> 00:54:16,416
The time traveler falls asleep
836
00:54:16,500 --> 00:54:19,000
as he sits there
in the darkness,
837
00:54:19,083 --> 00:54:22,713
and when he wakes,
the Morlocks are onto him,
838
00:54:22,792 --> 00:54:24,502
soft and repugnant.
839
00:54:25,750 --> 00:54:27,960
He shakes the "human rats "
off him...
840
00:54:28,041 --> 00:54:30,881
-(SCREECHES)
-...and starts striking out.
841
00:54:30,959 --> 00:54:33,789
He enjoys the feeling
of a swishing iron pipe
842
00:54:33,875 --> 00:54:37,495
smashing into juicy flesh
and crushing bones.
843
00:54:39,500 --> 00:54:44,290
This killing in Wells
is both horrific and voluptuous.
844
00:54:46,667 --> 00:54:50,417
Wells's next book,
which we know Conrad also read,
845
00:54:50,500 --> 00:54:52,750
was called
The Island of Dr. Moreau.
846
00:54:52,834 --> 00:54:54,544
(CREATURE SCREECHING)
847
00:54:54,625 --> 00:54:57,285
RAOUL: Dr. Moreau
uses his surgical skill
848
00:54:57,375 --> 00:55:00,955
to create a kind of human being
out of animals.
849
00:55:01,041 --> 00:55:02,921
The first of them all
to shed tears.
850
00:55:03,959 --> 00:55:05,959
(SOBS)
851
00:55:06,041 --> 00:55:07,211
She is human!
852
00:55:07,709 --> 00:55:08,709
I'm not beaten!
853
00:55:09,792 --> 00:55:11,382
(LAUGHS)
854
00:55:13,417 --> 00:55:16,247
-Get everything ready.
-For what?
855
00:55:16,333 --> 00:55:18,793
This time, I'll burn out
all the animal in her!
856
00:55:18,875 --> 00:55:20,745
(SCREAMING) No!
857
00:55:20,834 --> 00:55:23,134
DR. MOREAU:
I'll make her completely human!
858
00:55:23,208 --> 00:55:24,958
No, no! No!
859
00:55:25,041 --> 00:55:26,881
RAOUL: Dr. Moreau has created
860
00:55:26,959 --> 00:55:28,959
one hundred and twenty
creatures,
861
00:55:29,041 --> 00:55:32,171
but he has not succeeded
in creating a real human being.
862
00:55:34,000 --> 00:55:38,040
The Island of Dr. Moreau
is the story of colonialism.
863
00:55:38,125 --> 00:55:41,165
Just as the colonizer
civilizes the lower,
864
00:55:41,250 --> 00:55:43,750
more animal races with the whip,
865
00:55:43,834 --> 00:55:47,674
Dr. Moreau civilizes the animals
with torture,
866
00:55:47,750 --> 00:55:51,420
maximizing the pain
in order to hasten evolution.
867
00:55:51,500 --> 00:55:54,000
-♪ (SOMBER MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
-(LION GROWLING)
868
00:55:54,083 --> 00:55:56,463
RAOUL: Just as the colonizer
tries to create
869
00:55:56,542 --> 00:55:59,832
a new kind of creature,
the civilized savage,
870
00:55:59,917 --> 00:56:03,577
Dr. Moreau tries to create
the humanized animal.
871
00:56:07,667 --> 00:56:11,537
Do you know what it means
to feel like God?
872
00:56:12,625 --> 00:56:15,825
RAOUL: In both cases,
the means is terror.
873
00:56:15,917 --> 00:56:19,627
♪ ("RIDE OF THE VALKYRIES"
BY RICHARD WAGNER PLAYING) ♪
874
00:56:20,917 --> 00:56:23,667
RAOUL: Francis Ford Coppola's
Apocalypse Now
875
00:56:23,750 --> 00:56:25,790
is based on Heart of Darkness.
876
00:56:27,625 --> 00:56:30,205
In it and in all the real wars,
877
00:56:30,291 --> 00:56:32,461
the men representing
civilization
878
00:56:32,542 --> 00:56:35,292
out in the colonies
were "invisible,"
879
00:56:35,917 --> 00:56:37,207
not only in the sense
880
00:56:37,291 --> 00:56:39,541
that their guns killed
at a distance,
881
00:56:39,625 --> 00:56:42,535
but also in that no one
at home really knew
882
00:56:42,625 --> 00:56:43,955
what they were doing.
883
00:56:46,959 --> 00:56:47,999
(BOMB EXPLODES)
884
00:56:48,917 --> 00:56:50,957
(GUNFIRE)
885
00:56:55,709 --> 00:56:57,209
(EXPLOSION BOOMS)
886
00:56:57,291 --> 00:56:59,291
(GUNFIRE CONTINUES)
887
00:57:04,166 --> 00:57:07,286
♪ (MUSIC CONTINUES PLAYING) ♪
888
00:57:20,250 --> 00:57:22,040
♪ (MUSIC FADES) ♪
889
00:57:26,041 --> 00:57:28,711
-(BIRDS CALLING)
-(MONKEYS CHATTER)
890
00:57:35,834 --> 00:57:37,214
RAOUL: White by birth.
891
00:57:38,667 --> 00:57:40,167
A default setting.
892
00:57:42,875 --> 00:57:45,455
I know this story is painful,
893
00:57:45,542 --> 00:57:47,382
but we need to know it.
894
00:57:47,458 --> 00:57:50,208
♪ (SOMBER MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
895
00:57:52,709 --> 00:57:54,749
The happiness of one
896
00:57:54,834 --> 00:57:57,544
cannot be built on the pain
of all others.
897
00:58:04,458 --> 00:58:07,288
There is almost
always a price to be paid
898
00:58:07,375 --> 00:58:08,875
further down the line.
899
00:58:16,834 --> 00:58:18,754
White by birth,
900
00:58:18,834 --> 00:58:21,634
a simple pigmentation variation
901
00:58:21,709 --> 00:58:24,419
transformed into
a source of power.
902
00:58:34,417 --> 00:58:36,287
A mark of superiority,
903
00:58:37,208 --> 00:58:39,288
an authorization for abuse,
904
00:58:40,583 --> 00:58:43,543
a justification
for eternal immunity.
905
00:58:44,792 --> 00:58:47,422
No modesty is necessary.
906
00:58:47,500 --> 00:58:50,080
Nor is doubt a requirement.
907
00:58:51,166 --> 00:58:55,126
(TARZAN YELLS)
908
00:58:55,208 --> 00:58:57,208
RAOUL:
The ultimate privilege.
909
00:58:57,291 --> 00:59:01,461
♪ (UPBEAT MUSIC PLAYING) ♪
910
01:00:14,000 --> 01:00:16,830
♪ (MUSIC CONCLUDES) ♪
911
01:00:24,125 --> 01:00:26,075
RAOUL PECK:
In Columbus' travel journal,
912
01:00:26,166 --> 01:00:29,246
there is a description
of the first sighting of land.
913
01:00:29,875 --> 01:00:32,035
♪ (DRAMATIC MUSIC PLAYS) ♪
914
01:00:36,083 --> 01:00:37,633
All modern nation states
915
01:00:37,709 --> 01:00:40,329
claim a kind of rationalized
origin story.
916
01:00:40,417 --> 01:00:42,167
-So help me God.
-So help me God.
917
01:00:42,375 --> 01:00:43,745
-So help me God.
-So help me God.
918
01:00:44,208 --> 01:00:48,038
PECK:
The United States is supposedly
a nation of immigrants.
919
01:00:49,583 --> 01:00:51,383
What if from the beginning...
920
01:00:52,458 --> 01:00:54,748
the story was told
the wrong way?
921
01:00:56,333 --> 01:00:58,003
And through that official story,
922
01:00:58,083 --> 01:01:00,293
a new vision of the world
was created.
923
01:01:00,375 --> 01:01:02,205
♪ (DRAMATIC MUSIC CONTINUES) ♪
64138
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