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[choir singing]
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♪
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[dramatic instrumental music]
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♪
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male narrator: Nearly
five centuries have passed,
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yet this event endures
in the hearts of millions,
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transcending divisions
and uniting cultures
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with its timeless message.
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♪
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Its legacy: an ancient fabric
miraculously intact,
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an image that defies
scientific explanation,
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an intricate set of symbols
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that would bridge two worlds
and countless cultures,
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and the transformation
of a continent.
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♪
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This is the story
of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
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♪
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When Pope John Paul II arrived
in Mexico City
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for the canonization of
Saint Juan Diego
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in July of 2002,
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millions of Mexican Catholics
turned out.
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[crowd yelling]
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They lined the streets
and filled the plazas.
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They came together
to celebrate the making
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of the first indigenous saint
of the Western Hemisphere
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and the woman whose image has
changed the course of history.
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- The canonization
of Saint Juan Diego
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is very significant,
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because if the apparition
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
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is not authentic,
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there is no Saint Juan Diego.
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So as part of that whole process
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of reviewing the life
of Juan Diego,
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you have to validate,
authenticate
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the apparition
of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
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So that's one way in which
his canonization
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is very significant.
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[dramatic percussive music]
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♪
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narrator: When the Spanish
conquistador Hernán Cortés
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landed in Mexico in 1519,
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he encountered
a thriving Aztec empire
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that extended throughout
Mexico's central plateau.
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According
to an indigenous legend,
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the Aztec god Huitzilopochtli
delivered a sign
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indicating where they should
build their city:
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at the site where an eagle,
perched on a cactus,
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was seen devouring a snake.
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♪
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In 1324, the Aztecs founded
a city named Tenochtitlan,
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which for them
was the center of the universe,
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the place where the cycle
of the universe was sustained
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by human sacrifices.
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Hernán Cortés formed
a military alliance
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with native tribes
opposed to the Aztecs.
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Amazingly,
in just two short years,
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he succeeded in conquering
the Aztec empire.
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The Spaniards began
constructing a new capital
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using materials
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from the recently destroyed
Tenochtitlan,
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or present-day Mexico City.
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During the first stage
of evangelization,
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a few missionaries attempted to
convert the indigenous people.
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However, the task
would prove to be
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a very arduous undertaking.
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- To understand
the dramatic impact
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that Our Lady of Guadalupe has
on the native population,
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you really have to put yourself
in the position of these people
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at the collapse
of the Aztec Empire
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and what their understanding
of religion really was.
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We have to remember
the horrific face
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of the Aztec deities
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that were there to receive
the human sacrifices.
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We have to understand
the history of the Flower Wars,
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in which battles were waged
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in order to obtain prisoners
for sacrifice.
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So now what were
the native peoples expecting
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the god of the Spaniards
to be like,
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the victors to be like?
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narrator:
Bishop Juan de Zumárraga
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was known as protector
of the Indians.
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He bears the responsibility
of defending the natives
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from cruel abuses carried out
by the new Spanish government,
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including their widespread
enslavement and murder.
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His courageous stand
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leads to at least one
assassination attempt
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by corrupt members
of the first audiencia,
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or royal court, in New Spain.
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Bishop Zumárraga, infuriated
by the continued abuses,
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and facing numerous threats
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against the lives
of his fellow priests,
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decides upon drastic measures.
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In 1530, he excommunicates the
members of the first audiencia
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and abandons Mexico City.
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narrator: Zumárraga wrote
a letter to Emperor Charles V
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detailing the many abuses
carried out
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against the native people.
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narrator: The story
of what happens next
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is passed down
through the centuries
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by the humble man
who experienced this event
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and who shared his encounter
widely.
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Eventually, his testimony is
captured in an ancient text
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known as the Nican Mopohua,
written in the 16th century
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by the Indian scholar
Antonio Valeriano.
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narrator: The Nican Mopohua
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recounts the story
of Juan Diego,
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a Catholic convert and widower.
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His Indian name
was Cuauhtlatoatzin,
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meaning "eagle who speaks
divine things."
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Some skeptics have cast doubt
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on Juan Diego's
historical existence,
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a claim denied
by Miguel León-Portilla,
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a premier authority
on Aztec language and culture.
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- In the apparitions in Mexico
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of Our Lady of Guadalupe,
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like many other apparitions
in the world,
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oftentimes Our Lady will appear
to very humble people
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and, in this case,
to the Indian Juan Diego,
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a humble man, a very simple man
of simple faith,
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because those who have a heart
like children
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and who are open to God
can receive this message.
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narrator: On December 9, 1531,
Juan Diego walks
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along the western side
of Tepeyac Hill
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on his way to catechism
at a Franciscan mission
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just north of Mexico City.
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narrator: According
to the account
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in the Nican Mopohua,
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the woman identifies herself
as "the mother of the true God"
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and asks that a sacred house
be constructed in her honor
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on Tepeyac Hill.
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She asks Juan Diego
to bring this message
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to Bishop Zumárraga.
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- [speaking Nahuatl]
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narrator: Juan Diego returns to
Tepeyac Hill empty-handed.
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The woman asks him to return
to Bishop Zumárraga
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with the same message.
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He obeys, and this time,
the bishop asks for a sign.
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narrator: On Monday,
Juan Diego fails to show up.
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His uncle Bernardino
is gravely ill, facing death.
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narrator: He asks Juan Diego
to find a priest
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to administer last rites.
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On December 12, 1531,
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Juan Diego sets out
towards Tlatelolco
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to find a priest for his uncle.
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narrator: In a hurry,
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Juan Diego tries to avoid
meeting the virgin.
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He goes around Tepeyac Hill,
but the woman comes down
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from the top of the hill
and cuts him off.
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Juan Diego explains
why he is in a hurry.
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But the woman tells him
to have no more fear,
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that she holds him
in the fold of her mantle
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and in the cradle of her arms,
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and she assures him
that his uncle is well.
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narrator: Juan Diego asks her
to honor him
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but letting him be
her messenger.
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Our Lady of Guadalupe
now instructs him
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to climb to the top
of Tepeyac Hill
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and gather up in his tilma
all the flowers he finds.
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Upon reaching the summit,
Juan Diego is amazed
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to find extraordinary flowers
in full bloom.
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♪
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These flowers would be the sign
for the bishop.
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♪
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[sweeping music]
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♪
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narrator:
This remarkable image--
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inexplicable in its style,
luminous colors, and imagery--
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would change the course
of history
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for the entire continent.
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[lively piano music]
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♪
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Today that sacred house
asked for by the Virgin
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is now the Basilica of Our Lady
of Guadalupe,
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the most visited
Catholic shrine in the world.
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Each year,
millions of pilgrims come
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to celebrate their faith
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and the miraculous image
of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
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narrator: The shrine
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
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is a source of inspiration
for the faithful.
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They come here to find
the comfort of their mother
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and to pray
for her intercession.
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- A lot of the pilgrimages
that I've done,
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a lot of the people
are from the United States.
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They don't have any Latino
heritage or anything.
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But they've always wanted
to go,
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and the blessings
that they receive--
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I've seen people start
to pray the rosary again.
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People have gone to confession
for the first time in many years
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when they've gone to the shrine.
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Spiritual direction,
the healing of marriages,
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reconciliations between
family members and so forth.
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It's really
a tremendous blessing
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that takes place there,
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and I think that Our Lady's
presence in that tilma,
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still to this day,
has a lot to do with that.
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- The first time I went
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to the shrine
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
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and approached the tilma,
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I knew I was entering
into the presence
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of something sacred and holy.
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The supernatural presence
of the icon
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made an impression on me.
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I was immediately touched
by the devotion of the people.
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I mean, it was
an incredible experience
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of their tenderness
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and their approach to Mary
as their mother.
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And from that moment on,
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I've had a loving experience
of Mary.
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narrator: The image
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
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holds many unsolved mysteries.
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The first mystery
is its very existence.
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A 1946 study by the National
Autonomous University of Mexico
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00:19:53,423 --> 00:19:56,560
confirmed that the tilma
is made of ixtle,
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00:19:56,560 --> 00:20:00,764
or izote agave fibers
from the cactus plant.
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- I think it's very important
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00:20:50,780 --> 00:20:53,683
to examine miracles
in a scientific way
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00:20:53,683 --> 00:20:57,487
and to look for an explanation
in the natural world,
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00:20:57,487 --> 00:20:59,623
which everybody tends to do
and wants to do,
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00:20:59,623 --> 00:21:01,891
and then we discover
a rather miraculous things
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00:21:01,891 --> 00:21:04,594
that can't be answered
from ordinary experience.
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00:21:04,594 --> 00:21:06,029
narrator: In the 18th century,
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00:21:06,029 --> 00:21:08,665
a scientist
named Dr. Bartolache
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00:21:08,665 --> 00:21:10,767
commissioned the creation
of two works
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00:21:10,767 --> 00:21:13,203
similar to the Guadalupe image.
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00:21:13,203 --> 00:21:16,706
These paintings were also
created on agave cloth
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00:21:16,706 --> 00:21:18,041
and were placed in locations
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00:21:18,041 --> 00:21:20,477
around the Basilica
of Guadalupe.
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00:21:30,587 --> 00:21:32,222
narrator: The survival
of the tilma
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00:21:32,222 --> 00:21:34,190
is even more amazing
when one considers
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00:21:34,190 --> 00:21:36,626
that it was left
completely unprotected
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00:21:36,626 --> 00:21:38,862
for more than a century.
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00:22:20,236 --> 00:22:25,041
[solemn flute music]
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narrator: Many aspects
of the image
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00:22:26,976 --> 00:22:29,012
defy logic and science.
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00:22:29,012 --> 00:22:31,715
The tilma has a seam
running down its center
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00:22:31,715 --> 00:22:34,851
rendering the cloth
a poor canvas choice.
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00:22:34,851 --> 00:22:37,520
But researchers are astonished
to discover
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00:22:37,520 --> 00:22:39,989
that the very flaws
of the tilma's fabric
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00:22:39,989 --> 00:22:42,992
reveal the genius of the image.
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00:23:08,485 --> 00:23:12,789
narrator: The tilma also lacks
any preparation or imprimatura,
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00:23:12,789 --> 00:23:16,126
a necessary step
when painting on fabric.
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00:23:41,718 --> 00:23:43,787
narrator: The lack
of preparation is made clear
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00:23:43,787 --> 00:23:46,556
by a startling realization.
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00:23:49,058 --> 00:23:51,394
The same image appears
on both the front and back
245
00:23:51,394 --> 00:23:53,897
of Juan Diego's tilma.
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00:25:18,481 --> 00:25:20,483
narrator: In 1795,
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00:25:20,483 --> 00:25:24,254
an accident nearly destroys
the tilma.
248
00:25:24,254 --> 00:25:26,322
A worker
cleaning the glass encasement
249
00:25:26,322 --> 00:25:30,059
clumsily spills nitric acid
on the image.
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00:25:58,588 --> 00:26:00,156
narrator:
Among the many wonders
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00:26:00,156 --> 00:26:03,226
of the Guadalupe apparition
are new discoveries being made
252
00:26:03,226 --> 00:26:06,663
into the images
present in her eyes.
253
00:26:06,663 --> 00:26:09,899
José Aste Tonsmann
is a Peruvian engineer
254
00:26:09,899 --> 00:26:12,702
and an expert
in digital image processing.
255
00:26:12,702 --> 00:26:14,704
In the late 1970s,
256
00:26:14,704 --> 00:26:19,108
he began applying his studies
to the tilma.
257
00:26:34,891 --> 00:26:36,259
narrator: In the human eye,
258
00:26:36,259 --> 00:26:39,162
the cornea reflects the image
in front of us.
259
00:26:39,162 --> 00:26:40,964
Both eyes will show
the same image
260
00:26:40,964 --> 00:26:42,865
but different sizes.
261
00:26:42,865 --> 00:26:46,202
This phenomenon is precisely
what Tonsmann found
262
00:26:46,202 --> 00:26:48,571
when magnifying both eyes.
263
00:26:48,571 --> 00:26:53,676
Each eye contained mirror
images of the same scene.
264
00:27:29,245 --> 00:27:31,080
narrator: The incredible
devotion
265
00:27:31,080 --> 00:27:33,016
inspired by
Our Lady of Guadalupe
266
00:27:33,016 --> 00:27:34,584
and her miraculous image
267
00:27:34,584 --> 00:27:36,853
can be traced back
to the very first years
268
00:27:36,853 --> 00:27:39,889
following her apparition
to Saint Juan Diego.
269
00:27:39,889 --> 00:27:41,958
Despite ongoing tension
270
00:27:41,958 --> 00:27:44,060
with the Spanish colonial
government,
271
00:27:44,060 --> 00:27:46,996
the apparition triggers one of
the greatest conversions
272
00:27:46,996 --> 00:27:50,066
to the Catholic faith
in history.
273
00:28:26,069 --> 00:28:32,709
- This marks a difference
in the type of evangelization
274
00:28:32,709 --> 00:28:35,445
between the New World
and the Old World.
275
00:28:35,445 --> 00:28:38,648
What had been
the typical model was,
276
00:28:38,648 --> 00:28:42,185
one baptized the prince
or the king or the queen,
277
00:28:42,185 --> 00:28:45,555
and the followers followed
his decision
278
00:28:45,555 --> 00:28:48,458
as to the religion
of the kingdom.
279
00:28:48,458 --> 00:28:51,394
But in The New World,
what happened
280
00:28:51,394 --> 00:28:55,531
with Juan Diego
and Our Lady of Guadalupe
281
00:28:55,531 --> 00:28:59,302
was a conversion beginning
among the people
282
00:28:59,302 --> 00:29:01,738
that then filtered up
283
00:29:01,738 --> 00:29:04,240
instead of a conversion
at the top
284
00:29:04,240 --> 00:29:06,375
which filtered down.
285
00:29:13,249 --> 00:29:14,884
narrator: The native people
are drawn
286
00:29:14,884 --> 00:29:16,919
by Juan Diego's
powerful encounter
287
00:29:16,919 --> 00:29:18,654
with Our Lady of Guadalupe,
288
00:29:18,654 --> 00:29:21,257
but they are also amazed
by an image
289
00:29:21,257 --> 00:29:23,226
that reveals
the Christian faith
290
00:29:23,226 --> 00:29:26,963
through symbols
they could understand.
291
00:29:26,963 --> 00:29:31,467
In Aztec society, codices,
or pictorial manuscripts,
292
00:29:31,467 --> 00:29:35,371
were an essential means
of communication.
293
00:31:28,084 --> 00:31:29,919
narrator: The image
also contained symbolism
294
00:31:29,919 --> 00:31:31,921
that would transform
the worldview
295
00:31:31,921 --> 00:31:34,357
of the indigenous people.
296
00:31:34,357 --> 00:31:37,226
Their new understanding of God
and of love
297
00:31:37,226 --> 00:31:39,729
would help eliminate
the long-standing practice
298
00:31:39,729 --> 00:31:41,931
of human sacrifice.
299
00:32:16,098 --> 00:32:18,067
narrator: Like European
iconography,
300
00:32:18,067 --> 00:32:21,003
Our Lady of Guadalupe
is standing on the moon,
301
00:32:21,003 --> 00:32:22,805
but for the indigenous mind,
302
00:32:22,805 --> 00:32:26,909
the moon represented the home
of the omnipotent God.
303
00:33:48,290 --> 00:33:49,825
narrator: The many symbols
304
00:33:49,825 --> 00:33:51,827
in the image
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
305
00:33:51,827 --> 00:33:53,562
led to millions of conversions.
306
00:33:53,562 --> 00:33:56,699
This powerful symbolism
was further strengthened
307
00:33:56,699 --> 00:33:59,869
by a major festival
called Panquetzaliztli,
308
00:33:59,869 --> 00:34:01,971
celebrated
around the winter solstice,
309
00:34:01,971 --> 00:34:04,874
which, in the Julian calendar,
took place on December 12th,
310
00:34:04,874 --> 00:34:07,943
the same date as the apparition
of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
311
00:35:10,005 --> 00:35:12,875
- With Our Lady of Guadalupe,
what we find
312
00:35:12,875 --> 00:35:17,813
is actually the transformation
of a culture
313
00:35:17,813 --> 00:35:20,516
according to new norms
314
00:35:20,516 --> 00:35:24,420
validating its own heritage
and its own history.
315
00:35:24,420 --> 00:35:28,557
Good example of this
can be seen in Mexico in 1544,
316
00:35:28,557 --> 00:35:30,659
when Mexico experienced
317
00:35:30,659 --> 00:35:34,063
one of the worst droughts in
its history.
318
00:35:34,063 --> 00:35:37,867
Typically, the Aztecs responded
to such a situation
319
00:35:37,867 --> 00:35:41,770
by the massive sacrifice
of many young children.
320
00:35:41,770 --> 00:35:45,040
After Our Lady of Guadalupe
in 1544,
321
00:35:45,040 --> 00:35:48,744
there was a massive pilgrimage
of young children
322
00:35:48,744 --> 00:35:50,746
to the shrine
of Our Lady of Guadalupe,
323
00:35:50,746 --> 00:35:52,148
so the transformation
324
00:35:52,148 --> 00:35:54,316
from a culture, we might say,
of death
325
00:35:54,316 --> 00:35:56,619
to a culture of life.
326
00:36:03,159 --> 00:36:06,962
narrator: Our Lady of Guadalupe
is often called La Morenita,
327
00:36:06,962 --> 00:36:09,098
a reference
to her darkened complexion
328
00:36:09,098 --> 00:36:13,169
that makes her the perfect
symbol of a mixed people.
329
00:37:04,153 --> 00:37:07,223
- Saint John Paul II referred
to Our Lady of Guadalupe
330
00:37:07,223 --> 00:37:11,093
as the perfect model
of enculturation.
331
00:37:11,093 --> 00:37:13,896
This means that she comes
to the indigenous people
332
00:37:13,896 --> 00:37:18,701
in their own customs
and imagery.
333
00:37:18,701 --> 00:37:22,204
And, in fact, in her face,
the mestiza face,
334
00:37:22,204 --> 00:37:27,910
they see in her an affirmation
of their human dignity,
335
00:37:27,910 --> 00:37:29,845
their human worth,
336
00:37:29,845 --> 00:37:33,249
and of course the response
is overwhelming.
337
00:37:59,608 --> 00:38:02,811
narrator: Even during the
Mexican Revolution of 1910,
338
00:38:02,811 --> 00:38:06,315
Emiliano Zapata and his troops
entered Mexico City
339
00:38:06,315 --> 00:38:10,586
carrying a banner
of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
340
00:38:10,586 --> 00:38:13,055
Despite Mexico's
Catholic identity
341
00:38:13,055 --> 00:38:14,757
and the Guadalupan devotion,
342
00:38:14,757 --> 00:38:18,794
church state tensions reach
a peak during the 1920s.
343
00:38:18,794 --> 00:38:22,097
In an effort to suppress
the faith of Mexico's citizens,
344
00:38:22,097 --> 00:38:24,366
the government set out
to destroy
345
00:38:24,366 --> 00:38:26,969
the church's
most important symbol.
346
00:38:44,586 --> 00:38:47,723
narrator: In 1921, an agent
working for the government
347
00:38:47,723 --> 00:38:50,659
places a bomb
hidden in a basket of flowers
348
00:38:50,659 --> 00:38:53,462
directly under the tilma.
349
00:39:15,050 --> 00:39:16,518
narrator:
In the following years,
350
00:39:16,518 --> 00:39:19,021
the persecution of Catholics
only increases.
351
00:39:19,021 --> 00:39:20,823
This leads to a rebellion
352
00:39:20,823 --> 00:39:22,591
against the repressive
government
353
00:39:22,591 --> 00:39:24,226
known as the Cristero War.
354
00:39:24,226 --> 00:39:27,663
These Catholic freedom fighters
choose Our Lady of Guadalupe
355
00:39:27,663 --> 00:39:30,866
as their patron
and their inspiration.
356
00:39:59,428 --> 00:40:01,096
[lively music]
357
00:40:01,096 --> 00:40:03,198
narrator: Many victims
of the Cristero war
358
00:40:03,198 --> 00:40:06,835
flee to the United States.
359
00:40:06,835 --> 00:40:08,504
This mass immigration serves
360
00:40:08,504 --> 00:40:10,706
to increase
the already budding devotion
361
00:40:10,706 --> 00:40:15,344
to Our Lady of Guadalupe
outside Mexico's borders.
362
00:40:15,344 --> 00:40:19,047
- The Cristero imprint
on Mexicans
363
00:40:19,047 --> 00:40:21,183
coming to the United States
was rather large,
364
00:40:21,183 --> 00:40:25,587
because a lot of the people
who were exiled from Mexico
365
00:40:25,587 --> 00:40:28,924
during the Cristero period
came to Los Angeles,
366
00:40:28,924 --> 00:40:31,527
and they wore it
on their shirtsleeves.
367
00:40:31,527 --> 00:40:36,165
That was--if you were Mexican,
you were a Guadalupano.
368
00:40:36,165 --> 00:40:40,035
And so the devotion has been
very strong.
369
00:40:40,035 --> 00:40:42,971
It's spread now
throughout the United States.
370
00:40:42,971 --> 00:40:46,875
narrator: In 1941, delegates
from the 20 American republics
371
00:40:46,875 --> 00:40:50,379
came to the shrine of Our Lady
of Guadalupe in Mexico City
372
00:40:50,379 --> 00:40:51,847
to pray for peace
373
00:40:51,847 --> 00:40:54,883
amidst the horrors
of the Second World War.
374
00:40:54,883 --> 00:40:57,953
Archbishop John Cantwell
of Los Angeles
375
00:40:57,953 --> 00:41:01,123
led a delegation
from the United States.
376
00:41:01,123 --> 00:41:03,091
The Mexican church
was so grateful
377
00:41:03,091 --> 00:41:05,828
for Archbishop Cantwell's
presence and support
378
00:41:05,828 --> 00:41:08,397
that they gifted
the Los Angeles archdiocese
379
00:41:08,397 --> 00:41:12,134
with a relic of Saint Juan
Diego's miraculous tilma.
380
00:41:12,134 --> 00:41:15,103
To this day, it remains
the only such relic
381
00:41:15,103 --> 00:41:17,206
in the United States.
382
00:41:20,542 --> 00:41:21,944
In recent years,
383
00:41:21,944 --> 00:41:24,446
under the auspices
of the Knights of Columbus,
384
00:41:24,446 --> 00:41:27,349
the relic has passed through
numerous American cities
385
00:41:27,349 --> 00:41:30,252
and been venerated at large
Guadalupan celebrations
386
00:41:30,252 --> 00:41:33,121
in both Phoenix
and Los Angeles.
387
00:41:33,121 --> 00:41:36,124
- [singing in Italian]
388
00:41:36,124 --> 00:41:44,066
♪
389
00:42:03,385 --> 00:42:06,555
n- In speaking of a New World,
what we're really talking about
390
00:42:06,555 --> 00:42:10,626
is the unity of different
peoples and different cultures
391
00:42:10,626 --> 00:42:14,162
to create something
that did not exist before.
392
00:42:14,162 --> 00:42:15,898
In the United States,
for example,
393
00:42:15,898 --> 00:42:19,034
our country
is a great melting pot
394
00:42:19,034 --> 00:42:21,603
of many immigrant groups,
of many ethnicities,
395
00:42:21,603 --> 00:42:23,405
of many religious traditions
396
00:42:23,405 --> 00:42:27,276
coming together
to forge a new society.
397
00:42:27,276 --> 00:42:30,746
This is primarily the message
of Our Lady of Guadalupe,
398
00:42:30,746 --> 00:42:32,748
that regardless of differences,
399
00:42:32,748 --> 00:42:36,351
there is a basic unity
of human dignity
400
00:42:36,351 --> 00:42:39,054
and a respect
for different cultures.
401
00:42:39,054 --> 00:42:40,923
And if we maintain that,
402
00:42:40,923 --> 00:42:43,825
we can actually create
something new.
403
00:42:43,825 --> 00:42:51,767
♪
404
00:42:55,370 --> 00:42:57,372
- I have my passion
for surfing,
405
00:42:57,372 --> 00:42:59,541
and I have my passion
for Our Lady,
406
00:42:59,541 --> 00:43:01,276
especially Our Lady
of Guadalupe.
407
00:43:01,276 --> 00:43:03,879
When I was a young man,
I was raised
408
00:43:03,879 --> 00:43:07,716
in a very difficult, tumultuous
family setting,
409
00:43:07,716 --> 00:43:09,918
and I really bit
onto the culture
410
00:43:09,918 --> 00:43:11,720
and the bad things
of the culture.
411
00:43:11,720 --> 00:43:15,657
So I got involved with a lot of
drugs and lot of promiscuity.
412
00:43:15,657 --> 00:43:18,994
It was after reading a book
about the Blessed Virgin Mary
413
00:43:18,994 --> 00:43:22,698
that I really got what I call
the divine 2x4 experience.
414
00:43:22,698 --> 00:43:25,200
God just hammered me
with the truth,
415
00:43:25,200 --> 00:43:28,370
and I fell madly in love
with him and with Our Lady
416
00:43:28,370 --> 00:43:30,038
and with the Catholic Church.
417
00:43:30,038 --> 00:43:32,441
I do consider myself
a Guadalupano.
418
00:43:32,441 --> 00:43:35,243
She's my mother,
and I feel united with those
419
00:43:35,243 --> 00:43:37,613
that I don't even speak
their same language.
420
00:43:37,613 --> 00:43:39,448
A mother always unites
her children,
421
00:43:39,448 --> 00:43:43,151
and that's a big part, I think,
of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
422
00:43:43,151 --> 00:43:46,154
[soft guitar music]
423
00:43:46,154 --> 00:43:49,825
♪
424
00:43:49,825 --> 00:43:50,826
[bold cello intro]
425
00:43:50,826 --> 00:43:53,528
♪
426
00:43:53,528 --> 00:43:56,565
[upbeat string music]
427
00:43:56,565 --> 00:43:58,266
narrator:
The spread of devotion
428
00:43:58,266 --> 00:43:59,635
to our Lady of Guadalupe
429
00:43:59,635 --> 00:44:01,870
across the American continent
is captured
430
00:44:01,870 --> 00:44:05,607
in this beautiful and idyllic
shrine dedicated in her name.
431
00:44:05,607 --> 00:44:08,010
La Crosse, Wisconsin,
is a far cry
432
00:44:08,010 --> 00:44:10,846
from bustling Mexico City,
but it is here
433
00:44:10,846 --> 00:44:14,716
that a new generation of
Guadalupanos is being formed.
434
00:44:14,716 --> 00:44:16,618
- Thank you very much.
435
00:44:16,618 --> 00:44:18,053
- Thank you.
436
00:44:18,053 --> 00:44:21,890
- After the synod on America,
the church in America,
437
00:44:21,890 --> 00:44:25,560
in which Saint John Paul II
underlined so powerfully
438
00:44:25,560 --> 00:44:28,163
the importance
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
439
00:44:28,163 --> 00:44:30,666
for the living of the faith
in the whole continent:
440
00:44:30,666 --> 00:44:33,769
North America, Central America,
South America.
441
00:44:33,769 --> 00:44:36,672
Then I understood that it
should be a shrine to Our Lady
442
00:44:36,672 --> 00:44:40,208
under her title
Our Lady of Guadalupe.
443
00:44:40,208 --> 00:44:43,145
- We have people coming
from everywhere.
444
00:44:43,145 --> 00:44:44,846
I've had people
from as far away as China.
445
00:44:44,846 --> 00:44:47,149
The ones that are always
the most interesting
446
00:44:47,149 --> 00:44:49,217
are the ones who simply see
the roadside sign
447
00:44:49,217 --> 00:44:50,719
and just come in.
448
00:44:50,719 --> 00:44:56,792
♪
449
00:44:56,792 --> 00:44:59,594
- What I hear most of all
from the pilgrims
450
00:44:59,594 --> 00:45:02,497
is that when they come here,
451
00:45:02,497 --> 00:45:04,866
the minute they come up
on the grounds,
452
00:45:04,866 --> 00:45:09,771
they have a sense of peace,
and they're inspired to pray.
453
00:45:09,771 --> 00:45:12,207
The heart of the message
is very simple,
454
00:45:12,207 --> 00:45:15,343
that she wants to show
to her children
455
00:45:15,343 --> 00:45:17,279
God's love for them.
456
00:45:17,279 --> 00:45:20,315
♪
457
00:45:20,315 --> 00:45:22,117
- I've always been infatuated
with the story
458
00:45:22,117 --> 00:45:24,986
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
and her message
459
00:45:24,986 --> 00:45:26,822
and Saint Juan Diego,
460
00:45:26,822 --> 00:45:29,391
and we've always tried to
share that with our children,
461
00:45:29,391 --> 00:45:32,761
and we happened to kind of just
stumble upon it.
462
00:45:32,761 --> 00:45:34,896
Then we found out they were
building this church,
463
00:45:34,896 --> 00:45:38,200
so we've kept coming now for
the last eight or nine years.
464
00:45:38,200 --> 00:45:40,235
- I came from California,
from San Diego,
465
00:45:40,235 --> 00:45:41,737
to commemorate this shrine,
466
00:45:41,737 --> 00:45:44,005
because she is Our Lady
of the Americas,
467
00:45:44,005 --> 00:45:46,374
and she's really a lady
for all of us,
468
00:45:46,374 --> 00:45:48,543
for those
from the tip of Argentina
469
00:45:48,543 --> 00:45:50,946
all the way up to
the United States and Canada.
470
00:45:50,946 --> 00:45:52,948
So we look to her for guidance,
471
00:45:52,948 --> 00:45:56,318
for inspiration
in our daily lives.
472
00:45:56,318 --> 00:45:58,320
narrator: The shrine
in La Crosse
473
00:45:58,320 --> 00:46:01,089
has opened new hearts
to the message of Guadalupe
474
00:46:01,089 --> 00:46:03,658
and has united people
of all ethnic backgrounds
475
00:46:03,658 --> 00:46:06,394
in their common faith.
476
00:46:06,394 --> 00:46:10,799
- I can speak to Our Lady
of Guadalupe's effect
477
00:46:10,799 --> 00:46:14,069
in the local community and with
the people who come here.
478
00:46:14,069 --> 00:46:16,805
It's a community of believers,
479
00:46:16,805 --> 00:46:18,507
and I think
that the propagation
480
00:46:18,507 --> 00:46:20,475
of devotion
to Our Lady of Guadalupe
481
00:46:20,475 --> 00:46:22,310
beyond the Hispanic community
482
00:46:22,310 --> 00:46:24,112
will simply bring
more understanding
483
00:46:24,112 --> 00:46:26,615
that we're all in this
together.
484
00:46:26,615 --> 00:46:29,351
The whole thing
initially was funded
485
00:46:29,351 --> 00:46:32,454
by well-meaning Anglos,
non-Hispanics
486
00:46:32,454 --> 00:46:35,056
who simply caught the message
of what the Pope was saying
487
00:46:35,056 --> 00:46:37,592
and what the bishop,
now Cardinal Burke, was saying
488
00:46:37,592 --> 00:46:39,094
and went with it.
489
00:46:39,094 --> 00:46:40,762
It's--you have to see it
490
00:46:40,762 --> 00:46:43,031
to even believe
this could happen.
491
00:46:47,769 --> 00:46:50,038
narrator: As patroness
of the Americas,
492
00:46:50,038 --> 00:46:53,275
our Lady of Guadalupe
also inspires Canadians.
493
00:46:53,275 --> 00:46:54,976
And in a special way,
she speaks
494
00:46:54,976 --> 00:46:58,480
to the First Nations
communities.
495
00:46:58,480 --> 00:47:00,115
- When I read that story
496
00:47:00,115 --> 00:47:04,820
and how,
as early as December 1531,
497
00:47:04,820 --> 00:47:07,856
when Our Lady appeared to an
indigenous person in Mexico,
498
00:47:07,856 --> 00:47:11,359
speaking his language
and taking, in fact,
499
00:47:11,359 --> 00:47:14,029
a complexion
of indigenous children,
500
00:47:14,029 --> 00:47:17,399
I was just overwhelmed
and deeply touched.
501
00:47:17,399 --> 00:47:21,469
First of all, she takes
the complexion of our people
502
00:47:21,469 --> 00:47:26,541
and how she knew
of the particular distress
503
00:47:26,541 --> 00:47:28,009
that the people were in,
504
00:47:28,009 --> 00:47:30,545
how they were treated
less than human
505
00:47:30,545 --> 00:47:33,415
but how she came
to raise their dignity.
506
00:47:33,415 --> 00:47:35,116
And when you stop and think,
507
00:47:35,116 --> 00:47:37,185
when Our Lady appeared
to Saint Juan Diego,
508
00:47:37,185 --> 00:47:40,689
at the time,
his age was 57 years old.
509
00:47:40,689 --> 00:47:43,358
And so she appears to elders,
510
00:47:43,358 --> 00:47:45,594
which elevates, then,
the significance of elders
511
00:47:45,594 --> 00:47:49,364
in all our cultures
as indigenous peoples.
512
00:47:49,364 --> 00:47:52,067
narrator: Inspired by the
mestiza face of Our Lady,
513
00:47:52,067 --> 00:47:55,103
Nicholas began touring
First Nation communities
514
00:47:55,103 --> 00:47:57,439
with the Guadalupe image,
515
00:47:57,439 --> 00:48:00,041
sharing Juan Diego's encounter
and example
516
00:48:00,041 --> 00:48:02,510
of an enculturated
evangelization
517
00:48:02,510 --> 00:48:06,214
that respects indigenous
culture and experience.
518
00:48:06,214 --> 00:48:08,583
- When I first saw
the missionary image
519
00:48:08,583 --> 00:48:10,685
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
which is Canadian,
520
00:48:10,685 --> 00:48:14,122
I fell in love with her
immediately,
521
00:48:14,122 --> 00:48:17,025
but I was overcome by the fact
522
00:48:17,025 --> 00:48:19,561
that this was the face
of Our Lady,
523
00:48:19,561 --> 00:48:21,329
of the mother of Jesus.
524
00:48:21,329 --> 00:48:23,131
And the only place in the world
525
00:48:23,131 --> 00:48:27,035
where she has left behind
her face was in Mexico.
526
00:48:27,035 --> 00:48:28,937
Each summer, I bring
the missionary image
527
00:48:28,937 --> 00:48:31,606
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
to this area of New Brunswick
528
00:48:31,606 --> 00:48:35,310
and go around to not only
First Nation communities
529
00:48:35,310 --> 00:48:37,445
but non-native communities
as well
530
00:48:37,445 --> 00:48:41,483
to actually share the story.
531
00:48:41,483 --> 00:48:43,919
And so when you hear words
of people
532
00:48:43,919 --> 00:48:45,720
who are the walking wounded
533
00:48:45,720 --> 00:48:47,789
and then later on
you see them rejoice,
534
00:48:47,789 --> 00:48:49,958
they say, "Thank you very much
535
00:48:49,958 --> 00:48:52,694
for bringing the story of
Our Lady of Guadalupe to us."
536
00:48:52,694 --> 00:48:54,629
And there are
many, many stories
537
00:48:54,629 --> 00:48:56,665
over this past eight years
538
00:48:56,665 --> 00:48:58,600
that I've taken
the image around
539
00:48:58,600 --> 00:49:01,569
where she has brought
great comfort to people.
540
00:49:13,081 --> 00:49:17,218
[lively piano music]
541
00:49:17,218 --> 00:49:19,220
- The fact
that Our Lady of Guadalupe
542
00:49:19,220 --> 00:49:22,924
communicates with a poor person
like Juan Diego
543
00:49:22,924 --> 00:49:27,896
is a message of what we call now
option for the poor,
544
00:49:27,896 --> 00:49:31,700
which Pope Francis is
talking about all the time.
545
00:49:31,700 --> 00:49:35,370
Our church must be a church
of the poor for the poor,
546
00:49:35,370 --> 00:49:38,773
evangelical poverty of
simplicity and of humility
547
00:49:38,773 --> 00:49:41,876
and that is a very strong
message for today.
548
00:49:41,876 --> 00:49:43,611
narrator: While devotion
to Guadalupe
549
00:49:43,611 --> 00:49:46,381
remains most widespread
in the Western Hemisphere,
550
00:49:46,381 --> 00:49:49,384
it is increasingly
a global phenomenon.
551
00:49:49,384 --> 00:49:52,287
At the National Shrine of Our
Lady of Guadalupe in Manila,
552
00:49:52,287 --> 00:49:56,024
Filipino Catholics continue
a centuries-long tradition.
553
00:49:56,024 --> 00:49:57,258
- Our Lady of Guadalupe
554
00:49:57,258 --> 00:49:59,894
has a great impact
on the Filipinos.
555
00:49:59,894 --> 00:50:02,197
The devotion was brought in
from Mexico
556
00:50:02,197 --> 00:50:08,770
through Spanish missionaries
and such that by 1935,
557
00:50:08,770 --> 00:50:12,240
the Holy Father Pius XI,
at that time,
558
00:50:12,240 --> 00:50:14,709
decided to declare
Our Lady of Guadalupe
559
00:50:14,709 --> 00:50:17,379
as the patroness
of the Philippines.
560
00:50:17,379 --> 00:50:19,714
There are two things
that were originally, I think,
561
00:50:19,714 --> 00:50:24,019
was the inspiration
for the people to be in love
562
00:50:24,019 --> 00:50:25,787
with Our Lady of Guadalupe.
563
00:50:25,787 --> 00:50:27,589
One is the color.
564
00:50:27,589 --> 00:50:31,192
The color of the Blessed Mother
Guadalupe is an Indio,
565
00:50:31,192 --> 00:50:34,729
and we were called Indios
by the Spaniards.
566
00:50:34,729 --> 00:50:38,400
The second is that the one
to whom he appeared
567
00:50:38,400 --> 00:50:41,603
was also an Indio, Juan Diego.
568
00:50:41,603 --> 00:50:45,807
I think that the impact
of the devotion to Our Lady
569
00:50:45,807 --> 00:50:52,047
is not only on families
but all society in general.
570
00:51:35,890 --> 00:51:38,293
- Until recently,
Our Lady of Guadalupe
571
00:51:38,293 --> 00:51:40,895
has been seen
almost exclusively
572
00:51:40,895 --> 00:51:43,031
as a Mexican phenomenon
573
00:51:43,031 --> 00:51:47,168
or a Latin American Hispanic
phenomenon,
574
00:51:47,168 --> 00:51:50,572
but we need
to open our horizon a bit.
575
00:51:50,572 --> 00:51:51,840
We have to understand
576
00:51:51,840 --> 00:51:55,376
that she is the patroness
of the Philippines,
577
00:51:55,376 --> 00:52:00,248
and so she reaches the hearts
of millions of Asians.
578
00:52:00,248 --> 00:52:01,783
We have to remember
that at the time
579
00:52:01,783 --> 00:52:04,018
of the appearance
of Our Lady of Guadalupe,
580
00:52:04,018 --> 00:52:06,121
New Spain existed
581
00:52:06,121 --> 00:52:08,690
throughout the western part
of the United States,
582
00:52:08,690 --> 00:52:12,627
and so she is an apparition
for the United States
583
00:52:12,627 --> 00:52:15,763
as well as for Mexico.
584
00:52:21,736 --> 00:52:25,640
- Our Lady of Guadalupe is the
mother of the Sisters of Life.
585
00:52:25,640 --> 00:52:29,744
We process to her every night
at the end of our night prayer,
586
00:52:29,744 --> 00:52:32,480
throughout our convent,
singing the "Salve Regina,"
587
00:52:32,480 --> 00:52:35,450
acknowledging her
as our mother.
588
00:52:35,450 --> 00:52:37,519
Unlike her other apparitions,
589
00:52:37,519 --> 00:52:41,389
there's nothing like
the Guadalupe apparition,
590
00:52:41,389 --> 00:52:47,395
because when she came here,
she came simply as a mother.
591
00:52:47,395 --> 00:52:51,499
She didn't exhort the people
to prayer, to conversion,
592
00:52:51,499 --> 00:52:53,067
to fasting.
593
00:52:53,067 --> 00:52:56,070
That wasn't her message
to these people.
594
00:52:56,070 --> 00:52:59,073
Her message
was a message of love.
595
00:52:59,073 --> 00:53:01,776
She came with the assurances
of love,
596
00:53:01,776 --> 00:53:06,047
that "I am here,
I am your mother."
597
00:53:08,583 --> 00:53:11,252
- In my confessional
in Philadelphia--
598
00:53:11,252 --> 00:53:12,887
I hear confessions
every Sunday night,
599
00:53:12,887 --> 00:53:14,756
and right outside
my confessional
600
00:53:14,756 --> 00:53:18,560
is a beautiful mosaic
of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
601
00:53:18,560 --> 00:53:21,696
I can see through the door
the number of people
602
00:53:21,696 --> 00:53:23,531
who stop at the shrine
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
603
00:53:23,531 --> 00:53:26,901
and pray
as they prepare for confession,
604
00:53:26,901 --> 00:53:29,470
and I think
that it's kind of symbolic
605
00:53:29,470 --> 00:53:32,574
of the role
of Our Lady of Guadalupe
606
00:53:32,574 --> 00:53:35,076
leading us further
into our Christian life
607
00:53:35,076 --> 00:53:36,377
day by day,
608
00:53:36,377 --> 00:53:39,347
asking us for constant
transformation, change,
609
00:53:39,347 --> 00:53:40,848
and conversion.
610
00:53:40,848 --> 00:53:42,150
[dramatic music]
611
00:53:42,150 --> 00:53:44,886
- Our Lady of Guadalupe
has been referred to
612
00:53:44,886 --> 00:53:47,989
as the Mother
of the Civilization of Love.
613
00:53:47,989 --> 00:53:52,594
So what is the motherly message
of our Our Lady of Guadalupe?
614
00:53:52,594 --> 00:53:57,165
It is one of concern,
of compassion, of love
615
00:53:57,165 --> 00:53:59,167
for all members of society,
616
00:53:59,167 --> 00:54:02,070
even the poorest,
even the outcast.
617
00:54:02,070 --> 00:54:07,575
And so if the person is created
out of love for love,
618
00:54:07,575 --> 00:54:13,881
only a civilization of love
is worthy of human dignity.
619
00:54:13,881 --> 00:54:16,351
And this is fundamentally
the message
620
00:54:16,351 --> 00:54:18,119
of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
621
00:54:18,119 --> 00:54:20,121
♪
622
00:54:57,258 --> 00:54:59,627
narrator: For almost
five centuries,
623
00:54:59,627 --> 00:55:03,197
Our Lady of Guadalupe
has united bitter enemies,
624
00:55:03,197 --> 00:55:05,900
endured as a symbol of hope,
625
00:55:05,900 --> 00:55:09,003
and defied
scientific explanation,
626
00:55:09,003 --> 00:55:12,774
becoming the patroness
of the Americas.
627
00:55:12,774 --> 00:55:18,079
Today her presence is as real
as it was in 1531,
628
00:55:18,079 --> 00:55:21,616
when Juan Diego first walked up
Tepeyac Hill
629
00:55:21,616 --> 00:55:25,320
and encountered the woman
millions would come to call
630
00:55:25,320 --> 00:55:27,088
"Our Mother."
49508
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