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{\an7}ANTHONY MENDEZ: NORTHERN MEXICO,
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{\an1}ONE OF THIS COUNTRY'S
GREATEST WILDERNESSES...
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00:00:11,933 --> 00:00:15,100
{\an1}A LAND OF AWE-INSPIRING
DESERTS...
4
00:00:16,900 --> 00:00:19,300
{\an1}AND VAST PRAIRIES...
5
00:00:20,333 --> 00:00:22,433
{\an1}THE BIRTHPLACE OF ICONS,
6
00:00:22,533 --> 00:00:26,166
{\an1}AND HOME TO SOME OF MEXICO'S
RAREST WILDLIFE.
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00:00:26,266 --> 00:00:28,033
[YIP]
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00:00:28,133 --> 00:00:29,400
[HISSING]
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00:00:29,500 --> 00:00:31,700
{\an1}WE'LL TRAVEL WEST
FROM THE GRASSLANDS
10
00:00:31,800 --> 00:00:34,266
{\an1}OF CENTRAL NORTHERN MEXICO
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00:00:34,366 --> 00:00:37,233
{\an1}TO THE DESERTS BORDERING
ITS PACIFIC COAST...
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00:00:39,733 --> 00:00:42,533
{\an1}A JOURNEY THAT TAKES US
13
00:00:42,633 --> 00:00:46,633
{\an1}THROUGH A RICH MOSAIC
OF DESERT WORLDS...
14
00:00:48,033 --> 00:00:51,366
{\an1}AND AS THE CONDITIONS
GET PROGRESSIVELY HOTTER
15
00:00:51,466 --> 00:00:54,000
AND TOUGHER,
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00:00:54,100 --> 00:00:57,933
{\an1}WE'LL DISCOVER
THE EVER-MORE-SURPRISING WAYS
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00:00:58,033 --> 00:01:02,700
{\an1}LIFE HAS FOUND TO TRIUMPH
IN THIS UNTAMED FRONTIER.
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00:01:05,333 --> 00:01:08,866
{\an1}MEXICO IS A COUNTRY
RICH IN CULTURE,
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00:01:08,966 --> 00:01:13,733
{\an1}ABLAZE WITH COLOR AND SPIRIT...
20
00:01:13,833 --> 00:01:15,000
[CLINK]
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00:01:17,400 --> 00:01:20,033
{\an1}HIDING WILD SECRETS...
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00:01:22,066 --> 00:01:25,033
{\an1}AND AN ASTONISHING
DIVERSITY OF LIFE.
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00:01:28,233 --> 00:01:30,033
[BUZZING]
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00:02:03,866 --> 00:02:07,200
{\an1}IN THE NORTHERNMOST REACHES
OF MEXICO,
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00:02:07,300 --> 00:02:09,866
{\an1}JUST ACROSS OUR SOUTHERN BORDER,
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{\an1}IS A LITTLE-KNOWN WORLD--
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[BIRD CHIRPING]
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00:02:15,666 --> 00:02:18,866
{\an7}MEXICO'S GREAT PRAIRIE LANDS.
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00:02:18,966 --> 00:02:21,900
{\an8}[BIRDS CHIRPING]
30
00:02:24,266 --> 00:02:27,100
{\an1}SITTING ABOVE 5,000 FEET
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00:02:27,200 --> 00:02:29,233
{\an1}IN THE FOOTHILLS
OF THIS COUNTRY'S SIERRAS...
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00:02:29,333 --> 00:02:30,633
[THUNDER]
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{\an1}THEY CATCH A LITTLE MORE RAIN
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00:02:32,466 --> 00:02:34,833
{\an1}THAN MOST OTHER PLACES
IN THE NORTH.
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[THUNDER]
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00:02:38,366 --> 00:02:40,766
[RAIN FALLING]
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{\an1}BETWEEN JUNE AND SEPTEMBER,
MONSOON STORMS
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00:02:51,200 --> 00:02:54,466
{\an1}ROLL IN OFF THE CARIBBEAN,
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00:02:54,566 --> 00:02:56,866
{\an1}HELPING GRASS TO GROW...
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{\an1}CREATING THE PERFECT HABITAT
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{\an1}FOR A RICH COMMUNITY
OF ANIMALS...
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[CHIRPING]
43
00:03:09,933 --> 00:03:12,800
[DIGGING]
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{\an1}AND SOME OF THE MOST ENDEARING
ARE THESE--
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{\an1}THE BLACK-TAILED PRAIRIE DOG.
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00:03:27,466 --> 00:03:31,400
{\an7}THESE SOCIABLE RODENTS
LIVE IN EXTENSIVE COLONIES
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{\an7}COMPRISED OF DOZENS
OF FAMILIES,
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00:03:34,333 --> 00:03:37,700
{\an7}EACH WITH A DOMINANT MALE,
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{\an7}SEVERAL FEMALES,
AND THEIR OFFSPRING.
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00:03:43,166 --> 00:03:46,433
{\an7}IN MAY, THEIR 6-WEEK-OLD PUPS
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00:03:46,533 --> 00:03:49,700
{\an7}TAKE THEIR FIRST STEPS
ABOVE GROUND.
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00:03:51,433 --> 00:03:53,233
[YIP YIP YIP YIP]
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00:03:56,133 --> 00:03:58,200
[YIP]
54
00:04:04,766 --> 00:04:08,533
{\an1}GRASSES AND OTHER PRAIRIE PLANTS
PROVIDE ALL THE FOOD
55
00:04:08,633 --> 00:04:12,466
AND MOISTURE
THESE VEGETARIANS NEED,
56
00:04:12,566 --> 00:04:18,400
{\an1}BUT FEEDING IN THIS OPEN TERRAIN
COMES WITH RISKS.
57
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[YIP]
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[YIP]
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00:04:36,300 --> 00:04:40,766
{\an1}THEIR BURROWS OFFER AN ESCAPE
FROM BIRDS OF PREY
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00:04:40,866 --> 00:04:42,866
AND COYOTES...
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00:04:46,666 --> 00:04:48,866
[YIP]
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00:04:48,966 --> 00:04:51,100
{\an1}BUT THEY'RE NO PROTECTION
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{\an1}FROM ONE OF THE PRAIRIE'S
MOST PERSISTENT HUNTERS--
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00:04:57,400 --> 00:04:59,633
THE BULLSNAKE.
65
00:05:06,866 --> 00:05:09,333
{\an1}THIS POWERFUL CONSTRICTOR
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{\an1}COULD EASILY SUFFOCATE
AN ADULT PRAIRIE DOG...
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00:05:12,366 --> 00:05:15,033
[YIP YIP]
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00:05:17,733 --> 00:05:21,100
{\an1}BUT IT'S PUPS HE'S AFTER...
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00:05:28,366 --> 00:05:32,100
{\an1}AND THEY'RE HIDING
SOMEWHERE IN THEIR BURROW.
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00:05:32,200 --> 00:05:33,666
[YIP]
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[YIP YIP]
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{\an1}THEIR FATHER WILL BE FOOLHARDY
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{\an1}TO FOLLOW THIS PREDATOR
UNDERGROUND.
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[YIP]
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00:05:56,466 --> 00:05:57,666
[YIP YIP YIP]
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[YIP YIP YIP]
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00:06:07,066 --> 00:06:09,333
[YIP]
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{\an1}THE SNAKE'S FOUND NOTHING
DOWN THIS HOLE,
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00:06:12,433 --> 00:06:15,400
{\an1}SO HE'S ON TO THE NEXT.
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00:06:21,700 --> 00:06:24,833
TO SAVE HIS PUPS,
THEIR FATHER MUST SOMEHOW
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{\an1}DRIVE THE SNAKE AWAY...
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00:06:33,533 --> 00:06:35,833
RISKING HIS LIFE.
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00:06:42,866 --> 00:06:44,866
[HISSING]
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00:06:48,666 --> 00:06:50,333
[YIP YIP]
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{\an1}HE STANDS TO WARN OTHERS
WHERE THE SNAKE IS.
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00:06:56,033 --> 00:06:58,833
REPEATED STRIKES
MIGHT JUST DRIVE IT AWAY.
87
00:07:01,766 --> 00:07:04,433
[YIP]
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00:07:04,533 --> 00:07:06,133
{\an1}[YIP]
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00:07:06,233 --> 00:07:07,833
[YIP YIP YIP]
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00:07:09,400 --> 00:07:12,100
[YIP YIP YIP YIP]
91
00:07:13,966 --> 00:07:16,066
{\an1}[YIPPING]
92
00:07:20,033 --> 00:07:23,466
{\an1}THE SNAKE CONCEDES DEFEAT.
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00:07:25,633 --> 00:07:27,333
[YIP]
94
00:07:27,433 --> 00:07:31,533
{\an1}ON THE OPEN PRAIRIES,
THERE'S SAFETY IN NUMBERS...
95
00:07:35,866 --> 00:07:38,800
AND, THANKS TO
THEIR FATHER'S BRAVERY,
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00:07:38,900 --> 00:07:42,533
{\an1}THE PUPS ARE SAFE AGAIN.
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00:07:49,033 --> 00:07:52,366
{\an1}NORTHERN MEXICO SITS
AT A LATITUDE
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00:07:52,466 --> 00:07:55,600
{\an1}WHERE HIGH ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
DOMINATES
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00:07:55,700 --> 00:07:59,500
{\an1}AND LITTLE RAIN EVER FALLS.
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00:07:59,600 --> 00:08:02,566
{\an1}THIS IS MEXICO'S DRIEST REGION,
101
00:08:02,666 --> 00:08:06,033
{\an1}AND MUCH OF IT IS DESERT.
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00:08:09,966 --> 00:08:13,100
{\an1}IT'S BY FAR THE LEAST POPULATED,
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{\an1}MOST UNTAMED CORNER
OF THIS COUNTRY...
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00:08:21,500 --> 00:08:24,733
{\an1}BUT FOR THOSE WHO CARVE
A LIFE HERE,
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00:08:24,833 --> 00:08:29,500
{\an1}OVERCOMING THESE CONDITIONS
CAN BRING RICH REWARDS.
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00:08:31,566 --> 00:08:34,866
{\an1}AFTER THE SUMMER RAINY SEASON,
107
00:08:34,966 --> 00:08:37,466
LITTLE RAIN FALLS
ON THE PRAIRIES
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00:08:37,566 --> 00:08:39,400
{\an1}FOR THE REST OF THE YEAR...
109
00:08:39,500 --> 00:08:41,200
[WIND BLOWING]
110
00:08:44,633 --> 00:08:48,833
{\an1}BUT EVEN DURING DROUGHT,
THERE IS WATER HERE.
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00:08:55,966 --> 00:08:59,766
{\an1}DEEP UNDERGROUND,
GREAT RESERVOIRS LIE TRAPPED
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00:08:59,866 --> 00:09:03,633
{\an1}IN THE POROUS,
LIMESTONE BEDROCK.
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00:09:07,266 --> 00:09:10,366
{\an1}THESE GIANT AQUIFERS
HELP SUPPORT
114
00:09:10,466 --> 00:09:13,000
{\an1}ONE OF THIS REGIONS
MOST PROMINENT WAYS OF LIFE--
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00:09:13,100 --> 00:09:15,766
{\an1}MAN: HEY!
HEY, HEY, HEY!
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00:09:18,366 --> 00:09:20,533
{\an1}[NICKERS]
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MENDEZ: RANCHING.
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[MOOING]
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00:09:23,566 --> 00:09:26,866
{\an1}MAN: HEY! OH!
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{\an1}HEY, HEY, HEY, HEY!
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{\an1}MENDEZ: WITH A YEAR-ROUND
SOURCE OF WATER
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{\an1}AND SUCH EXTENSIVE PASTURES,
MEXICO'S PRAIRIES
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00:09:34,933 --> 00:09:37,366
{\an1}ARE PRIME CATTLE COUNTRY,
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{\an1}HOME TO MORE THAN 10 MILLION
BEEF CATTLE.
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00:09:42,233 --> 00:09:45,500
{\an1}FOR CENTURIES, PEOPLE LIKE
SERVANDO DIAZ GOMEZ
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00:09:45,600 --> 00:09:47,700
{\an1}HAVE WORKED THIS LAND.
127
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{\an7}[GOMEZ SPEAKING SPANISH]
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00:09:53,133 --> 00:09:55,800
[MOOING]
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00:10:04,666 --> 00:10:07,666
{\an1}MENDEZ: IN THE 16TH CENTURY,
130
00:10:07,766 --> 00:10:10,933
{\an1}THE SPANISH BROUGHT CATTLE
AND HORSES TO THE NORTH
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00:10:11,033 --> 00:10:14,566
{\an1}AND TRAINED LOCALS
TO MANAGE THE HERDS.
132
00:10:14,666 --> 00:10:18,966
{\an1}THE VAQUERO, OR COWBOY,
WAS BORN.
133
00:10:27,166 --> 00:10:30,833
{\an1}THIS COWBOY LIFESTYLE
SOON SPREAD NORTH
134
00:10:30,933 --> 00:10:35,733
{\an1}TO WHAT IS NOW TEXAS,
NEW MEXICO, AND ARIZONA,
135
00:10:35,833 --> 00:10:39,766
{\an1}BUT ITS TRUE NATIVE LAND
IS HERE...
136
00:10:41,933 --> 00:10:44,566
{\an1}ON THE PRAIRIES OF MEXICO.
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OH! OH! OH!
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[NICKERING]
139
00:11:00,233 --> 00:11:02,633
{\an7}[GOMEZ SPEAKING SPANISH]
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00:11:16,833 --> 00:11:21,200
{\an1}MENDEZ: BUT THE DRY CONDITIONS
MAKE RANCHING TOUGH.
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00:11:21,300 --> 00:11:26,033
THESE GRASSES
ARE EASILY OVERGRAZED.
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00:11:26,133 --> 00:11:29,633
{\an1}OVER THE LAST HUNDRED YEARS,
FARMING AND DROUGHT
143
00:11:29,733 --> 00:11:34,266
HAVE DAMAGED
OVER HALF OF THE PRAIRIES...
144
00:11:40,166 --> 00:11:43,800
{\an1}BUT SERVANDO IS ONE
OF A PIONEERING BAND
145
00:11:43,900 --> 00:11:46,633
{\an1}TRYING TO REVERSE THE TREND.
146
00:11:48,733 --> 00:11:52,333
{\an1}USING ELECTRIC FENCES,
HE CONFINES HIS HERD
147
00:11:52,433 --> 00:11:54,833
{\an1}TO SMALL BLOCKS OF PASTURE.
148
00:11:58,800 --> 00:12:01,166
EVERY FEW HOURS,
149
00:12:01,266 --> 00:12:04,900
{\an1}THEY'RE MOVED ON
TO THE NEXT BLOCK.
150
00:12:07,833 --> 00:12:10,966
{\an1}THE GRAZED AREA IS THEN LEFT
TO RECOVER.
151
00:12:15,433 --> 00:12:19,000
{\an1}IT'S A STRATEGY
THAT'S HAVING A BIG IMPACT.
152
00:12:19,100 --> 00:12:21,533
{\an1}WHOA!
153
00:12:21,633 --> 00:12:23,866
{\an1}MENDEZ: THIS HEALTHY PASTURE
IS HELPING SERVANDO
154
00:12:23,966 --> 00:12:26,866
{\an1}YIELD TWICE AS MANY CATTLE...
155
00:12:28,666 --> 00:12:32,333
{\an1}AND WILDLIFE IS ALSO THRIVING.
156
00:12:32,433 --> 00:12:34,300
[BIRDS CHIRPING]
157
00:12:35,766 --> 00:12:38,400
{\an1}WELL-MANAGED GRASSLANDS
OFFER A RICH DIET
158
00:12:38,500 --> 00:12:41,300
{\an1}OF INSECTS AND SEEDS
FOR UP TO 3 TIMES
159
00:12:41,400 --> 00:12:45,000
{\an1}AS MANY GRASSLAND BIRDS.
160
00:12:52,733 --> 00:12:55,233
THEY PROVIDE FOOD
161
00:12:55,333 --> 00:12:59,000
{\an1}FOR ONE OF MEXICO'S
RAREST CREATURES--
162
00:13:02,333 --> 00:13:04,800
{\an1}THE APLOMADO FALCON.
163
00:13:09,000 --> 00:13:13,066
{\an1}THEY RANGE AS FAR SOUTH
AS ARGENTINA,
164
00:13:13,166 --> 00:13:16,666
{\an1}BUT MEXICO'S PRAIRIES
ARE THEIR NORTHERN LIMIT,
165
00:13:16,766 --> 00:13:19,333
{\an1}WHERE ONLY A HANDFUL SURVIVE...
166
00:13:22,666 --> 00:13:26,300
AND WHEN HUNTING,
THESE FALCONS SPECIALIZE
167
00:13:26,400 --> 00:13:29,766
{\an1}IN CHASING DOWN BIRDS
IN MIDAIR.
168
00:13:43,333 --> 00:13:46,866
{\an1}THE FALCON IS MUCH FASTER
IN LEVEL FLIGHT...
169
00:13:52,433 --> 00:13:56,200
{\an1}BUT ITS PREY
IS FAR QUICKER ON THE TURN.
170
00:14:10,766 --> 00:14:17,000
{\an1}ONLY ONE IN 5 PURSUITS LIKE THIS
ENDS IN SUCCESS,
171
00:14:17,100 --> 00:14:21,733
{\an1}BUT APLOMADO FALCONS
HAVE A SECRET WEAPON.
172
00:14:25,333 --> 00:14:28,566
{\an1}BREED PAIRS HUNT TOGETHER.
173
00:14:59,033 --> 00:15:03,200
{\an1}THEIR PREY'S ONLY CHANCE
OF ESCAPE IS TO HIDE.
174
00:15:13,766 --> 00:15:16,733
{\an1}THE FALCONS NEED TO FLUSH
THE BIRD OUT...
175
00:15:22,100 --> 00:15:25,566
{\an1}AND TWO BIRDS
ARE BETTER THAN ONE.
176
00:15:52,333 --> 00:15:57,566
{\an1}WORKING TOGETHER, THESE BIRDS
ARE TWICE AS SUCCESSFUL,
177
00:15:57,666 --> 00:16:01,766
{\an1}AND EVERY CATCH IS VITAL
WHEN YOU'RE RAISING A FAMILY.
178
00:16:03,766 --> 00:16:07,666
{\an1}CONSERVATIONISTS HAVE BUILT
NEST PLATFORMS FOR THE FALCONS
179
00:16:07,766 --> 00:16:10,400
{\an1}THAT PROTECT THEIR PRECIOUS
CHICKS FROM PREDATORS,
180
00:16:10,500 --> 00:16:13,000
LIKE RAVENS,
181
00:16:13,100 --> 00:16:15,800
PRECIOUS BECAUSE
THEY ARE SO RARE.
182
00:16:15,900 --> 00:16:18,566
{\an1}[CHIRPING]
183
00:16:18,666 --> 00:16:21,933
{\an1}THERE ARE ONLY 5 PAIRS HERE,
184
00:16:22,033 --> 00:16:27,366
{\an1}AND THESE ARE THE ONLY ONES TO
SUCCESSFULLY BREED THIS YEAR...
185
00:16:32,166 --> 00:16:35,233
{\an1}BUT WITH CONSERVATIONISTS
AND RANCHERS LOOKING OUT
186
00:16:35,333 --> 00:16:37,633
{\an1}FOR THESE SPECTACULAR BIRDS,
187
00:16:37,733 --> 00:16:42,033
{\an1}THEY'VE HOPEFULLY
GOT A BRIGHTER FUTURE.
188
00:16:44,566 --> 00:16:48,800
{\an1}TEAMWORK IS IMPORTANT FOR MANY
IN MEXICO'S PRAIRIES.
189
00:16:51,166 --> 00:16:54,866
{\an1}SO TOO IS BRAVERY.
190
00:17:03,433 --> 00:17:05,800
{\an7}[MAN SPEAKING SPANISH]
191
00:17:17,066 --> 00:17:20,033
{\an1}MENDEZ: CHARROS
ARE IMPORTANT SYMBOLS
192
00:17:20,133 --> 00:17:22,833
{\an1}OF TRADITIONAL MEXICAN IDENTITY.
193
00:17:22,933 --> 00:17:27,466
{\an1}DURING THE REVOLUTION OF 1910,
THESE COWBOYS UNITED
194
00:17:27,566 --> 00:17:30,833
TO REBEL AGAINST
RICH LANDOWNERS,
195
00:17:30,933 --> 00:17:34,666
{\an1}AND THE CUSTOMARY CHARRO COSTUME
IS STILL WORN TODAY
196
00:17:34,766 --> 00:17:39,833
{\an1}AS A CELEBRATION OF THEIR BRAVE
ROLE IN THIS UPRISING.
197
00:17:48,133 --> 00:17:52,900
{\an1}THEY'RE COMPETING
IN MEXICO'S NATIONAL SPORT--
198
00:17:53,000 --> 00:17:55,233
THE CHARRERIA.
199
00:18:01,866 --> 00:18:04,133
{\an7}[MAN ON P.A. SPEAKING SPANISH]
200
00:18:08,700 --> 00:18:11,033
{\an1}MENDEZ: WHAT WAS ONCE
A FRIENDLY COMPETITION
201
00:18:11,133 --> 00:18:13,700
{\an1}BETWEEN NEIGHBORS
HUNDREDS OF YEARS AGO
202
00:18:13,800 --> 00:18:18,800
{\an1}HAS EVOLVED INTO THE ULTIMATE
DISPLAY OF COWBOY BRAVADO.
203
00:18:21,600 --> 00:18:23,633
{\an7}[GARCIA SPEAKING SPANISH]
204
00:18:31,966 --> 00:18:35,866
{\an1}MENDEZ: EACH TEAM OF CHARROS
IS MADE UP OF SPECIALISTS
205
00:18:35,966 --> 00:18:38,200
{\an1}WHO PERFORM 9 DIFFERENT
EQUESTRIAN EVENTS
206
00:18:38,300 --> 00:18:40,500
ACROSS THE DAY.
207
00:18:40,600 --> 00:18:43,866
{\an1}SIMILAR TO RODEO,
THEY FLAUNT CATTLE HANDLING,
208
00:18:43,966 --> 00:18:49,300
{\an1}RIDING, AND ROPING SKILLS
USED IN EVERYDAY COWBOY LIFE.
209
00:18:49,400 --> 00:18:53,500
{\an1}THE MOST DANGEROUS EVENT
IS SAVED UNTIL LAST.
210
00:18:53,600 --> 00:18:56,433
{\an7}[MAN ON P.A. SPEAKING SPANISH]
211
00:18:58,000 --> 00:19:01,633
{\an1}MENDEZ: MARTIN SPECIALIZES
IN EL PASO DE LA MUERTE--
212
00:19:01,733 --> 00:19:03,733
{\an7}[MAN ON P.A. SPEAKING SPANISH]
213
00:19:05,766 --> 00:19:08,733
{\an1}MENDEZ: THE PASS OF DEATH.
214
00:19:11,400 --> 00:19:14,900
{\an1}GALLOPING AT FULL SPEED,
HE HAS TO JUMP ONTO THE BACK
215
00:19:15,000 --> 00:19:20,666
{\an1}OF A WILD, UNTAMED HORSE
AND HANG ON WITHOUT REINS.
216
00:19:20,766 --> 00:19:22,600
{\an7}[GARCIA SPEAKING SPANISH]
217
00:19:26,666 --> 00:19:29,233
{\an1}MENDEZ: IF HE FALLS,
HE'LL BE TRAMPLED.
218
00:19:30,900 --> 00:19:33,066
{\an7}[GARCIA SPEAKING SPANISH]
219
00:19:39,366 --> 00:19:42,266
{\an1}MENDEZ: MARTIN NOW RISKS
LIFE AND LIMB
220
00:19:42,366 --> 00:19:44,766
{\an1}TO SECURE VICTORY FOR HIS TEAM.
221
00:20:18,233 --> 00:20:21,033
{\an1}[GARCIA SPEAKING SPANISH]
222
00:20:25,700 --> 00:20:29,500
{\an1}MENDEZ: OTHER CHARROS
SHOW THEIR APPRECIATION.
223
00:20:29,600 --> 00:20:32,500
{\an7}[GARCIA SPEAKS SPANISH]
224
00:20:40,266 --> 00:20:44,666
{\an1}MENDEZ: IN THE BURNING NORTH,
SUCCESS FAVORS THE BRAVE.
225
00:20:55,066 --> 00:20:57,933
{\an1}MEXICO'S PRAIRIES
RUN ALONG THE EDGE
226
00:20:58,033 --> 00:21:00,366
{\an1}OF GREAT MOUNTAIN RANGES--
227
00:21:00,466 --> 00:21:03,300
{\an1}THE WESTERN AND EASTERN
SIERRA MADRES.
228
00:21:07,633 --> 00:21:12,066
{\an1}OVER 10,000 FEET HIGH,
THEY INTERCEPT MOIST AIR
229
00:21:12,166 --> 00:21:15,966
{\an1}COMING FROM THE PACIFIC OCEAN
AND GULF OF MEXICO.
230
00:21:19,400 --> 00:21:23,500
{\an1}BEYOND THE PRAIRIES,
THE LAND IS STARVED...
231
00:21:27,933 --> 00:21:30,766
CREATING
THE CHIHUAHUAN DESERT...
232
00:21:35,466 --> 00:21:38,933
{\an1}ONE OF THE LARGEST
IN NORTH AMERICA.
233
00:21:42,133 --> 00:21:45,433
{\an1}COVERING AN AREA THE SIZE
OF MONTANA,
234
00:21:45,533 --> 00:21:48,100
{\an1}ON AVERAGE, IT RECEIVES
235
00:21:48,200 --> 00:21:52,033
{\an1}ONLY HALF THE RAINFALL
OF THE PRAIRIES...
236
00:21:57,166 --> 00:21:59,800
{\an1}BUT IN THE HEART OF THIS DESERT
237
00:21:59,900 --> 00:22:03,200
{\an1}IS ONE OF MEXICO'S
GREATEST NATURAL WONDERS--
238
00:22:04,833 --> 00:22:07,833
{\an1}THE VALLEY OF CUATRO CIENEGAS.
239
00:22:37,900 --> 00:22:42,200
{\an1}HERE, AQUIFERS
BREAK THE SURFACE,
240
00:22:42,300 --> 00:22:45,300
{\an1}CREATING A WATER WORLD.
241
00:22:47,766 --> 00:22:52,033
{\an1}MOST OF THESE POOLS,
KNOWN LOCALLY AS POZAS,
242
00:22:52,133 --> 00:22:55,966
{\an1}ARE FED BY THERMAL SPRINGS,
WHERE UNDERGROUND WATER
243
00:22:56,066 --> 00:23:01,166
{\an1}IS FORCED TO THE SURFACE
BY GEOTHERMAL HEAT.
244
00:23:04,800 --> 00:23:08,800
{\an1}MILLIONS OF YEARS AGO WHEN
THIS REGION WAS MUCH WETTER,
245
00:23:08,900 --> 00:23:12,433
{\an1}ANCIENT WATERWAYS BROUGHT FISH
INTO THIS VALLEY.
246
00:23:15,700 --> 00:23:20,066
{\an1}AS THE CLIMATE DRIED,
THE WATERS RECEDED,
247
00:23:20,166 --> 00:23:23,833
{\an1}AND FISH BECAME
ISOLATED IN POOLS,
248
00:23:23,933 --> 00:23:27,400
{\an1}EVOLVING INTO MANY NEW SPECIES.
249
00:23:31,733 --> 00:23:34,433
{\an1}16 SPECIES LIVE HERE,
250
00:23:34,533 --> 00:23:38,366
{\an1}HALF OF THEM FOUND
NOWHERE ELSE ON EARTH...
251
00:23:43,633 --> 00:23:46,466
{\an1}INCLUDING THIS ONE--
252
00:23:46,566 --> 00:23:48,933
{\an1}A CUATRO CIENEGAS CICHLID.
253
00:23:53,900 --> 00:23:57,000
{\an1}THIS FEMALE HAS A FAMILY...
254
00:23:59,600 --> 00:24:02,300
AND SHE'S
THE MOST DEVOTED MOTHER.
255
00:24:09,633 --> 00:24:11,800
{\an1}STIRRING UP THE SEDIMENT,
256
00:24:11,900 --> 00:24:15,566
{\an1}SHE EXPOSES TINY PLANKTON
FOR HER FRY TO FEED ON...
257
00:24:19,933 --> 00:24:24,433
{\an1}BUT HER BIGGEST CHALLENGE
ISN'T FEEDING HER BABIES.
258
00:24:24,533 --> 00:24:27,333
{\an1}IT'S PROTECTING THEM.
259
00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:41,100
SOME CICHLIDS
HAVE EVOLVED INTO PREDATORS...
260
00:24:44,500 --> 00:24:49,333
{\an1}AND IN THIS SMALL POOL,
THERE ARE FEW PLACES TO HIDE.
261
00:25:06,300 --> 00:25:09,366
{\an1}FROM DAWN UNTIL DUSK,
262
00:25:09,466 --> 00:25:12,300
{\an1}SHE MUST DEFEND HER BROOD.
263
00:25:14,900 --> 00:25:17,833
{\an1}SHE HAS NO TIME TO FEED HERSELF
264
00:25:17,933 --> 00:25:20,400
{\an1}AND IS GETTING WEAKER
BY THE DAY...
265
00:25:27,233 --> 00:25:29,900
{\an1}BUT IT'S A WORTHWHILE SACRIFICE.
266
00:25:30,000 --> 00:25:34,366
{\an1}WITHOUT HER HELP,
HER YOUNG WOULD NEVER SURVIVE.
267
00:25:37,466 --> 00:25:41,800
{\an1}WHEN THEY'RE HALF AN INCH LONG,
THEY'LL FEND FOR THEMSELVES.
268
00:25:41,900 --> 00:25:47,266
{\an1}UNTIL THEN, THIS MOTHER
MUST GIVE IT HER ALL.
269
00:25:49,233 --> 00:25:51,633
[BIRDS CHIRPING]
270
00:25:51,733 --> 00:25:56,300
{\an1}AN ASTONISHING DIVERSITY OF LIFE
HAS EVOLVED IN THIS VALLEY.
271
00:26:00,066 --> 00:26:02,566
{\an1}IT'S HOME TO MORE UNIQUE SPECIES
272
00:26:02,666 --> 00:26:06,466
{\an1}THAN ANYWHERE ELSE
ON THE NORTH AMERICAN CONTINENT.
273
00:26:10,500 --> 00:26:13,500
{\an1}THAT'S THE EXCEPTION
TO THE NORM.
274
00:26:17,900 --> 00:26:20,633
{\an1}MOST OF THIS GREAT DESERT
IS DOMINATED
275
00:26:20,733 --> 00:26:24,333
{\an1}BY JUST A FEW HARDY SOULS,
276
00:26:24,433 --> 00:26:28,333
AND ONE PLANT
COPES BETTER THAN MOST--
277
00:26:32,800 --> 00:26:36,400
{\an1}THE CREOSOTE BUSH,
278
00:26:36,500 --> 00:26:40,133
{\an1}SO CALLED BECAUSE IT SMELLS
LIKE WOOD PRESERVATIVE.
279
00:26:44,700 --> 00:26:49,866
LOCALS CALL IT
LA GOBERNADORA--THE GOVERNESS,
280
00:26:49,966 --> 00:26:54,500
{\an1}AND IT GOVERNS
FOR A VERY LONG TIME.
281
00:26:58,366 --> 00:27:03,833
{\an1}ONE PLANT IS KNOWN TO HAVE
SURVIVED FOR OVER 11,000 YEARS.
282
00:27:08,800 --> 00:27:11,600
{\an1}CREOSOTE IS BRILLIANT
AT COPING WITH DROUGHT.
283
00:27:14,666 --> 00:27:19,266
{\an1}ITS TINY, RESIN-COATED LEAVES
DRASTICALLY REDUCE WATER LOSS...
284
00:27:23,800 --> 00:27:28,066
{\an1}AND ITS SHALLOW ROOTS
SOAK UP ANY MOISTURE,
285
00:27:28,166 --> 00:27:31,766
{\an1}STOPPING ANYTHING
GROWING IN BETWEEN.
286
00:27:39,966 --> 00:27:44,100
{\an1}CREOSOTE HAS TRULY CONQUERED
THIS DESERT...
287
00:27:47,366 --> 00:27:50,633
{\an1}AND ITS SUCCESS
HAS BEEN EXPLOITED
288
00:27:50,733 --> 00:27:53,400
BY A CREATURE
THAT'S ADDICTED TO IT--
289
00:27:53,500 --> 00:27:55,400
[INSECT CHIRPS]
290
00:27:58,000 --> 00:27:59,266
[CHIRP]
291
00:28:05,800 --> 00:28:08,933
{\an1}THE CREOSOTE BUSH GRASSHOPPER.
292
00:28:14,466 --> 00:28:18,200
{\an1}IT'S ONE OF THE FEW ANIMALS
THAT CAN STOMACH THIS PLANT.
293
00:28:21,200 --> 00:28:25,600
{\an1}ITS RESINOUS LEAVES ARE
INDIGESTIBLE TO MOST ANIMALS,
294
00:28:25,700 --> 00:28:29,500
{\an1}BUT THIS GRASSHOPPER
EATS NOTHING ELSE.
295
00:28:31,466 --> 00:28:34,066
{\an1}IT'S EVEN EVOLVED
TO LOOK LIKE THIS PLANT
296
00:28:34,166 --> 00:28:37,266
{\an1}TO AVOID BECOMING FOOD ITSELF.
297
00:28:40,500 --> 00:28:43,600
{\an1}MOST OF THE BUSHES
HAVE THEIR OWN RESIDENT MALE.
298
00:28:43,700 --> 00:28:45,800
{\an1}[CHIRP]
299
00:28:45,900 --> 00:28:47,466
[CHIRP]
300
00:28:47,566 --> 00:28:51,833
{\an1}THEIR CALLS LET OTHER MALES KNOW
THIS BUSH IS OCCUPIED.
301
00:28:51,933 --> 00:28:53,833
[CHIRP]
302
00:28:53,933 --> 00:28:55,766
{\an1}[CHIRP]
303
00:28:55,866 --> 00:28:59,400
{\an1}THEY'RE ALSO VERY ATTRACTIVE
TO THE OPPOSITE SEX.
304
00:29:03,900 --> 00:29:06,000
{\an1}THIS NEWLY ARRIVED FEMALE
305
00:29:06,100 --> 00:29:09,066
IS EXACTLY WHAT
HE'S BEEN WAITING FOR...
306
00:29:14,633 --> 00:29:18,033
{\an1}BUT THEY'RE NOT ALONE FOR LONG.
307
00:29:18,133 --> 00:29:20,200
{\an1}ANOTHER MALE FLIES IN...
308
00:29:24,033 --> 00:29:28,233
{\an1}AND THIS FEMALE
IS WORTH FIGHTING FOR.
309
00:29:35,133 --> 00:29:39,066
{\an1}HE MUST THROW HIS RIVAL
OUT OF HIS BUSH...
310
00:29:56,700 --> 00:29:59,600
{\an1}EASIER SAID THAN DONE
WITH SO MANY LEGS.
311
00:30:08,800 --> 00:30:11,533
[FLAPPING]
312
00:30:11,633 --> 00:30:14,100
{\an1}VICTORY FOR THE RESIDENT MALE...
313
00:30:20,966 --> 00:30:22,433
[CHIRP]
314
00:30:22,533 --> 00:30:27,166
{\an1}BUT HE'S JUST ONE OF MILLIONS
OF BATTLING GRASSHOPPERS
315
00:30:27,266 --> 00:30:31,133
{\an1}IN THIS ENDLESS EXPANSE
OF CREOSOTE.
316
00:30:31,233 --> 00:30:33,300
[CHIRPING]
317
00:30:42,566 --> 00:30:45,300
{\an1}HUNDREDS OF MILES TO THE WEST,
318
00:30:45,400 --> 00:30:49,800
{\an1}THE VAST CHIHUAHUAN DESERT
MEETS GREAT MOUNTAINS.
319
00:30:55,133 --> 00:30:58,866
{\an1}THESE HIGH SIERRAS
CATCH MORE RAIN
320
00:30:58,966 --> 00:31:02,800
{\an1}THAN THE DESERT BELOW,
ENABLING FORESTS TO GROW...
321
00:31:05,666 --> 00:31:09,233
{\an1}OFFERING A REFUGE
FOR A SPECIAL PLANT
322
00:31:09,333 --> 00:31:11,700
{\an1}WITH THE HOTTEST REPUTATION.
323
00:31:11,800 --> 00:31:13,600
{\an7}[WOMAN SPEAKING SPANISH]
324
00:31:16,833 --> 00:31:20,766
{\an1}MENDEZ: EVERY AUTUMN,
ARMIDA ELENA CONTRERAS DURON
325
00:31:20,866 --> 00:31:25,200
{\an1}AND HER HUSBAND ELIAZAR HEAD UP
TO THEIR MOUNTAIN RANCH
326
00:31:25,300 --> 00:31:27,266
{\an1}IT'S THE ONLY TIME OF YEAR
WHERE THEY CAN PICK
327
00:31:27,366 --> 00:31:30,533
{\an1}WILD CHILLIES CALLED CHILTEPIN.
328
00:31:30,633 --> 00:31:33,400
{\an7}[DURON SPEAKING SPANISH]
329
00:31:40,633 --> 00:31:43,966
{\an8}HA HA HA! SI.
330
00:31:47,966 --> 00:31:51,466
{\an1}MENDEZ: THESE PLANTS
MIGHT HAVE A FIERY NATURE,
331
00:31:51,566 --> 00:31:54,500
{\an1}BUT THEY CAN BE
REMARKABLY DELICATE.
332
00:31:54,600 --> 00:31:57,766
{\an1}THEY DON'T LIKE CONSTANT
EXPOSURE TO THE DESERT SUN...
333
00:32:00,033 --> 00:32:02,866
{\an1}BUT THIS WOODLAND
PROVIDES THE SHADE
334
00:32:02,966 --> 00:32:05,933
{\an1}THESE CHILLI PLANTS
NEED TO THRIVE.
335
00:32:09,733 --> 00:32:12,166
{\an7}[DURON SPEAKING SPANISH]
336
00:32:12,266 --> 00:32:15,933
{\an1}MEXICO IS THE SECOND LARGEST
PRODUCER OF CHILLIES WORLDWIDE,
337
00:32:16,033 --> 00:32:19,533
{\an1}GROWING NEARLY 3 MILLION TONS
ANNUALLY.
338
00:32:19,633 --> 00:32:21,533
{\an1}WILD CHILTEPINS ARE WHERE
339
00:32:21,633 --> 00:32:23,800
{\an1}THIS GLOBAL CHILLI
INDUSTRY BEGAN
340
00:32:23,900 --> 00:32:29,400
{\an1}WHEN THEY WERE DOMESTICATED
IN MEXICO 6,000 YEARS AGO.
341
00:32:29,500 --> 00:32:32,133
{\an1}AT OVER $50 A POUND,
342
00:32:32,233 --> 00:32:34,433
THEY ARE NOW
ONE OF THE MOST EXPENSIVE
343
00:32:34,533 --> 00:32:37,500
{\an1}BECAUSE THEY'RE NOT
EASILY CULTIVATED.
344
00:32:39,400 --> 00:32:42,866
{\an1}MORE THAN 20 TIMES HOTTER
THAN A JALAPENO,
345
00:32:42,966 --> 00:32:46,633
{\an1}THEY GIVE A SPECTACULAR KICK
TO ARMIDA'S CUISINE.
346
00:32:46,733 --> 00:32:48,900
{\an7}[DURON SPEAKING SPANISH]
347
00:33:15,033 --> 00:33:17,700
{\an1}MENDEZ: AND AN AWFUL LOT
OF CHILLIES.
348
00:33:23,866 --> 00:33:27,566
{\an1}EVERY TYPE OF CHILLI
HAS A UNIQUE FLAVOR.
349
00:33:27,666 --> 00:33:30,200
CHILTEPINS ARE
PARTICULARLY CHERISHED
350
00:33:30,300 --> 00:33:34,333
{\an1}BECAUSE THEY ARE ARREBATADO,
MEANING RAPID OR VIOLENT.
351
00:33:36,300 --> 00:33:39,566
THEY'RE HOT,
BUT THE HEAT SUBSIDES QUICKLY,
352
00:33:39,666 --> 00:33:42,233
{\an1}AND THAT'S ADDICTIVE.
353
00:33:42,333 --> 00:33:44,866
{\an7}[DURON SPEAKING SPANISH]
354
00:33:58,600 --> 00:34:00,733
{\an1}MENDEZ: TO ARMIDA
AND HER FAMILY AND FRIENDS,
355
00:34:00,833 --> 00:34:03,800
{\an1}IT'S AN IMPORTANT PART
OF NATIONAL IDENTITY.
356
00:34:03,900 --> 00:34:06,366
{\an7}[DURON SPEAKING SPANISH]
357
00:34:15,200 --> 00:34:17,200
{\an1}MENDEZ: THESE MOUNTAIN FORESTS
358
00:34:17,300 --> 00:34:21,100
{\an1}ARE ONE OF THE FEW PLACES
WHERE WILD CHILTEPIN THRIVE,
359
00:34:21,200 --> 00:34:25,333
{\an1}BUT OUR LOVE OF CHILLIES
HAS TAKEN ITS DESCENDANTS
360
00:34:25,433 --> 00:34:28,233
{\an1}TO ALL CORNERS OF THE WORLD.
361
00:34:31,900 --> 00:34:36,166
{\an1}SOME OF THE EARLIEST RECORDS
OF THIS PLANT BEING CULTIVATED
362
00:34:36,266 --> 00:34:41,266
WERE UNEARTHED
BY ARCHEOLOGISTS NEARBY.
363
00:34:49,233 --> 00:34:52,466
{\an1}IN THE FOOTHILLS
OF THESE MOUNTAINS
364
00:34:52,566 --> 00:34:56,000
{\an1}ARE THE REMAINS
OF AN ANCIENT CIVILIZATION
365
00:34:56,100 --> 00:34:59,100
{\an1}CREATED NEARLY 1,000 YEARS AGO--
366
00:35:00,800 --> 00:35:04,166
{\an1}THE CITY OF PAQUIME...
367
00:35:08,033 --> 00:35:10,500
{\an1}BUILT BY THE MOGOLLON CULTURE
368
00:35:10,600 --> 00:35:13,266
{\an1}THAT EXTENDED INTO ARIZONA
AND NEW MEXICO.
369
00:35:15,266 --> 00:35:19,100
{\an1}ITS WALLS WOULD HAVE SCALED
7 STORIES,
370
00:35:19,200 --> 00:35:23,000
{\an1}AN ANCIENT, DESERT HIGH-RISE
SUPPORTING THOUSANDS
371
00:35:23,100 --> 00:35:27,000
RELYING ON
INGENIOUS ENGINEERING.
372
00:35:27,100 --> 00:35:30,200
{\an1}IRRIGATION DITCHES
RUN THROUGHOUT THE REMAINS
373
00:35:30,300 --> 00:35:34,600
{\an1}THAT FED WATER INTO THE CITY
FROM A DISTANT MOUNTAIN SPRING.
374
00:35:36,833 --> 00:35:39,700
{\an1}THIS CITY THRIVED
AS A COMMERCIAL HUB,
375
00:35:39,800 --> 00:35:44,900
{\an1}TRADING WITH COMMUNITIES
ACROSS THIS REGION AND BEYOND,
376
00:35:45,000 --> 00:35:49,900
{\an1}AND ARCHEOLOGISTS DISCOVERED
SOME EXTRAORDINARY THINGS.
377
00:35:51,833 --> 00:35:55,666
{\an1}INSIDE THESE PENS,
RESEARCHERS UNEARTHED
378
00:35:55,766 --> 00:35:59,433
{\an1}THE REMAINS OF SCARLET MACAWS,
A TROPICAL PARROT
379
00:35:59,533 --> 00:36:02,800
{\an1}MORE AT HOME IN RAINFORESTS
THAN THE DESERT.
380
00:36:05,433 --> 00:36:09,166
{\an1}TAPPING INTO DISTANT SPRINGS
ALLOWED PAQUIME TO FLOURISH
381
00:36:09,266 --> 00:36:12,833
{\an1}FOR OVER 300 YEARS.
382
00:36:12,933 --> 00:36:16,500
NO ONE KNOWS WHY
THE CITY WAS ABANDONED.
383
00:36:16,600 --> 00:36:19,433
PERHAPS WAR
384
00:36:19,533 --> 00:36:23,733
{\an1}OR AN ENVIRONMENTAL CATASTROPHE,
385
00:36:23,833 --> 00:36:28,500
{\an1}BUT 600 YEARS AGO,
THE WATERS CEASED TO FLOW,
386
00:36:28,600 --> 00:36:33,433
{\an1}AND THE DESERT TOOK ITS GRIP
ONCE MORE.
387
00:36:33,533 --> 00:36:35,733
{\an1}[INSECTS CHIRPING]
388
00:36:43,633 --> 00:36:46,266
{\an1}IN THE FOOTHILLS TO THE WEST,
389
00:36:46,366 --> 00:36:48,966
{\an1}THE SUN HAS SHAPED
ANOTHER DESERT
390
00:36:49,066 --> 00:36:51,700
{\an1}THAT COULDN'T LOOK
MORE DIFFERENT.
391
00:36:57,733 --> 00:37:01,700
{\an1}STRETCHING FOR OVER
100,000 SQUARE MILES,
392
00:37:01,800 --> 00:37:05,900
{\an1}THE SONORAN DESERT COVERS MUCH
OF NORTHWEST MEXICO
393
00:37:06,000 --> 00:37:10,166
{\an1}AND CROSSES OVER INTO ARIZONA
AND CALIFORNIA.
394
00:37:14,166 --> 00:37:18,233
{\an1}IT'S HOME TO THE MOST ICONIC
DESERT PLANT OF ALL--
395
00:37:22,333 --> 00:37:25,033
{\an1}THE SAGUARO CACTUS.
396
00:37:31,700 --> 00:37:35,266
{\an1}THIS DESERT IS HOTTER
AND DRIER THAN THE CHIHUAHUAN...
397
00:37:38,833 --> 00:37:43,533
{\an1}AND ONE WAY TO COPE
IS TO BECOME GIGANTIC.
398
00:37:50,666 --> 00:37:53,500
{\an1}UP TO 60 FEET TALL,
399
00:37:53,600 --> 00:37:58,400
{\an1}SAGUAROS CAN STORE
GREAT RESERVES OF WATER.
400
00:37:58,500 --> 00:38:02,000
[THUNDER]
401
00:38:04,766 --> 00:38:08,400
[THUNDER]
402
00:38:09,766 --> 00:38:12,233
{\an1}THE SONORAN DESERT
HAS TWO RAINY SEASONS
403
00:38:12,333 --> 00:38:14,633
{\an1}IN SUMMER AND WINTER,
404
00:38:14,733 --> 00:38:18,466
{\an1}AND ONE SUMMER STORM
CAN BRING A SEASON'S RAIN.
405
00:38:19,833 --> 00:38:23,700
{\an1}THE SAGUARO WAS BUILT
TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THIS.
406
00:38:23,800 --> 00:38:27,766
{\an1}ITS SHALLOW ROOTS STRETCH
AS WIDE AS THE CACTUS IS TALL,
407
00:38:27,866 --> 00:38:32,533
{\an1}AND ITS PLEATED TRUNK ALLOWS IT
TO EXPAND LIKE AN ACCORDION,
408
00:38:32,633 --> 00:38:35,266
{\an1}ENABLING THE LARGEST CACTI
TO ABSORB
409
00:38:35,366 --> 00:38:38,233
ONE TON OF WATER
DURING ONE STORM.
410
00:38:38,333 --> 00:38:40,333
[RAIN FALLING]
411
00:38:44,566 --> 00:38:47,300
{\an1}IT'S ENOUGH WATER
TO LAST FOR A YEAR...
412
00:38:49,966 --> 00:38:53,233
{\an1}MAKING SAGUAROS THE LIFEBLOOD
OF THIS DESERT.
413
00:38:53,333 --> 00:38:55,166
[BIRDS CHIRPING]
414
00:39:00,566 --> 00:39:05,200
{\an1}EVEN IN A DROUGHT YEAR,
SAGUAROS BLOOM.
415
00:39:05,300 --> 00:39:08,366
{\an1}THEY'RE A MAGNET FOR WILDLIFE.
416
00:39:12,400 --> 00:39:15,100
[BUZZING]
417
00:39:18,600 --> 00:39:23,500
{\an1}ALMOST EVERY CREATURE HERE
RELIES ON THIS PLANT,
418
00:39:23,600 --> 00:39:26,666
{\an1}AND NOT JUST AS A SOURCE
OF FOOD AND MOISTURE.
419
00:39:35,900 --> 00:39:41,866
{\an1}MOST OF THE OLDER CACTI
ARE POCKMARKED WITH NEST HOLES
420
00:39:41,966 --> 00:39:45,500
{\an1}EXCAVATED BY GILA WOODPECKERS...
421
00:39:52,133 --> 00:39:55,033
{\an1}BUT SQUATTERS REGULARLY MOVE IN.
422
00:39:56,633 --> 00:40:01,200
{\an1}IN THIS WORLD OF GIANTS,
IT HELPS TO BE TINY.
423
00:40:03,466 --> 00:40:04,866
[CHIRP CHIRP]
424
00:40:04,966 --> 00:40:09,600
{\an1}NOT MUCH BIGGER THAN A SPARROW,
FERRUGINOUS PYGMY OWLS
425
00:40:09,700 --> 00:40:14,133
EASILY SQUEEZE
INTO WOODPECKER HOLES,
426
00:40:14,233 --> 00:40:18,100
{\an1}AND THIS FEMALE
HAS A FAMILY TO FEED.
427
00:40:27,166 --> 00:40:30,166
{\an1}DEEP INSIDE, CHICKS ARE SAFE...
428
00:40:32,100 --> 00:40:34,533
{\an1}AND NOT JUST FROM PREDATORS.
429
00:40:37,733 --> 00:40:41,600
{\an1}OUTSIDE IT'S 100 DEGREES...
430
00:40:47,800 --> 00:40:51,800
{\an1}BUT THIS PLANT'S ENORMOUS STORES
OF WATER KEEP THE INTERIOR
431
00:40:51,900 --> 00:40:55,533
{\an1}UP TO 15 DEGREES COOLER
THAN THE SURROUNDINGS...
432
00:41:04,233 --> 00:41:08,733
A VITAL REFUGE
FOR A FAMILY OF TINY OWLS
433
00:41:08,833 --> 00:41:11,200
{\an1}IN THE CRIPPLING HEAT
OF THE DAY.
434
00:41:14,233 --> 00:41:16,033
{\an1}[INSECTS CHIRPING]
435
00:41:22,800 --> 00:41:27,466
{\an1}AT NIGHT, THE DAYTIME HEAT
IS LOST TO THE HEAVENS.
436
00:41:36,400 --> 00:41:41,400
{\an1}WITH SUCH CLEAR SKIES
AND NO LIGHT POLLUTION,
437
00:41:41,500 --> 00:41:44,033
{\an1}THE NORTHERN MEXICAN DESSERT
438
00:41:44,133 --> 00:41:48,633
{\an1}IS ONE OF THE BEST PLACES
ON EARTH TO STARGAZE.
439
00:41:55,633 --> 00:41:57,800
AND AFTER DARK,
440
00:41:57,900 --> 00:42:01,800
{\an1}ONE OF MEXICO'S MOST INFAMOUS
RESIDENTS AWAKENS--
441
00:42:06,700 --> 00:42:08,566
THE SCORPION.
442
00:42:13,266 --> 00:42:15,933
MEXICO IS HOME
TO THE GREATEST DIVERSITY
443
00:42:16,033 --> 00:42:18,233
{\an1}OF SCORPIONS ON EARTH...
444
00:42:19,633 --> 00:42:22,766
{\an1}AND THE SONORAN DESERT
IS A STRONGHOLD...
445
00:42:29,400 --> 00:42:34,466
{\an1}BUT EVEN FEARSOME PREDATORS
MUST TREAD CAREFULLY.
446
00:42:36,266 --> 00:42:38,833
{\an1}OTHERS ARE LISTENING IN.
447
00:42:38,933 --> 00:42:41,300
[FLUTTERING]
448
00:42:45,566 --> 00:42:50,033
{\an1}IN THE DESERT, YOU'VE GOT TO
GRAB ANY OPPORTUNITY OF A MEAL,
449
00:42:50,133 --> 00:42:52,666
{\an1}NO MATTER HOW DANGEROUS.
450
00:42:56,866 --> 00:43:01,833
{\an1}PALLID BATS HAVE BECOME
SCORPION-HUNTING SPECIALISTS.
451
00:43:15,233 --> 00:43:17,966
{\an1}THEIR LARGE EARS
ARE ESPECIALLY SENSITIVE...
452
00:43:20,033 --> 00:43:23,800
{\an1}CAPABLE OF HEARING
THE FOOTSTEPS OF THEIR PREY.
453
00:43:29,800 --> 00:43:34,666
{\an1}AS LONG AS THE SCORPION
STAYS STILL, IT'S SAFE...
454
00:43:37,333 --> 00:43:42,033
{\an1}BUT THIS BAT HAS ANOTHER WAY
OF INCREASING ITS CHANCES.
455
00:43:47,700 --> 00:43:49,300
[SCREECH]
456
00:43:49,400 --> 00:43:53,600
{\an1}IT STALKS ITS PREY.
457
00:43:53,700 --> 00:43:55,833
[SCREECH SCREECH]
458
00:43:57,633 --> 00:44:00,000
{\an1}[SCREECH]
459
00:44:02,333 --> 00:44:05,900
{\an1}THE SLIGHTEST FLINCH
WILL GIVE THE SCORPION AWAY.
460
00:44:44,700 --> 00:44:48,033
{\an1}ITS STING IS NO DEFENSE.
461
00:44:48,133 --> 00:44:51,866
{\an1}PALLID BATS ARE IMMUNE
TO SCORPION VENOM.
462
00:44:58,433 --> 00:45:02,266
{\an1}IT'S QUITE A MOUTHFUL, TOO,
AND A VITAL SOURCE OF WATER
463
00:45:02,366 --> 00:45:05,266
{\an1}IN SUCH A DRY PLACE.
464
00:45:13,266 --> 00:45:16,300
[WIND BLOWING]
465
00:45:20,500 --> 00:45:23,600
{\an1}ON THE WESTERN EDGE
OF THE SONORAN DESERT...
466
00:45:25,400 --> 00:45:28,633
{\an1}DAYTIME CONDITIONS
COULDN'T BE MORE EXTREME.
467
00:45:32,533 --> 00:45:35,266
{\an1}THIS IS EL PINACATE...
468
00:45:37,433 --> 00:45:40,066
{\an1}A LANDSCAPE WITH A VIOLENT PAST
469
00:45:40,166 --> 00:45:43,200
{\an1}PITTED WITH DORMANT
VOLCANIC CRATERS
470
00:45:43,300 --> 00:45:45,500
{\an1}AND EXTENSIVE LAVA FLOWS.
471
00:45:48,600 --> 00:45:51,966
{\an1}IT'S ONE OF THE HOTTEST PLACES
ON EARTH.
472
00:45:52,066 --> 00:45:56,533
{\an1}TEMPERATURES CAN REACH
130 DEGREES.
473
00:45:56,633 --> 00:45:59,533
{\an1}YEARS CAN PASS WITHOUT RAIN.
474
00:46:02,600 --> 00:46:06,733
{\an1}IN 1970, ASTRONAUTS
ON THE APOLLO 14 MISSION
475
00:46:06,833 --> 00:46:09,266
{\an1}CAME HERE TO TEST
THEIR LUNAR EQUIPMENT...
476
00:46:18,366 --> 00:46:22,333
{\an1}BECAUSE THE CONDITIONS
HAVE CREATED A MOONSCAPE.
477
00:46:30,500 --> 00:46:33,900
THIS IS MEXICO'S
DRIEST REGION...
478
00:46:41,133 --> 00:46:45,433
{\an1}ALL THE MORE SURPRISING,
AS IT BORDERS THE SEA.
479
00:46:54,900 --> 00:46:59,266
{\an1}THE SONORAN DESERT STRETCHES
FOR HUNDREDS OF MILES
480
00:46:59,366 --> 00:47:03,533
{\an1}ALONG MEXICO'S PACIFIC COAST
AND THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA.
481
00:47:07,566 --> 00:47:11,166
{\an1}THESE WATERS HAVE HELPED SHAPE
THIS PARCHED COASTLINE.
482
00:47:15,600 --> 00:47:18,800
{\an1}FED BY THE COLD
CALIFORNIA CURRENT,
483
00:47:18,900 --> 00:47:22,766
{\an1}THESE SEAS PRODUCE COOL
AND DRY ONSHORE WINDS,
484
00:47:22,866 --> 00:47:25,466
{\an1}STARVING THE LAND OF MOISTURE.
485
00:47:26,700 --> 00:47:29,500
{\an1}CLOUDS STRUGGLE TO FORM....
486
00:47:32,400 --> 00:47:36,666
{\an1}CREATING A COASTAL DESERT
THAT EXTENDS FAR OUT TO SEA.
487
00:47:46,733 --> 00:47:48,933
[GULL SQUAWKING]
488
00:47:51,500 --> 00:47:55,300
{\an1}IN THE MOST ISOLATED CORNER
OF THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA
489
00:47:55,400 --> 00:47:58,000
{\an1}IS A TRUE DESERT ISLAND--
490
00:48:03,766 --> 00:48:06,366
{\an1}ISLA SAN PEDRO MARTIR.
491
00:48:13,333 --> 00:48:16,566
{\an1}GIANT CARDON CACTI
ARE ONE OF THE FEW THINGS
492
00:48:16,666 --> 00:48:19,866
{\an1}THAT CAN WITHSTAND
THE DROUGHT-RAVAGED CONDITIONS.
493
00:48:26,333 --> 00:48:28,666
{\an1}THERE'S NO FRESH WATER...
494
00:48:30,033 --> 00:48:32,900
{\an1}AND FEW OBVIOUS OPPORTUNITIES
FOR A MEAL...
495
00:48:36,033 --> 00:48:38,766
[GULLS SQUAWKING]
496
00:48:38,866 --> 00:48:42,700
{\an1}BUT IT'S HOME TO AN ESPECIALLY
RESILIENT RESIDENT--
497
00:48:47,033 --> 00:48:49,366
{\an1}A SIDE-BLOTCHED LIZARD.
498
00:48:51,933 --> 00:48:55,666
{\an1}ENDEMIC TO THIS ISLAND,
ITS ANCESTORS BECAME ISOLATED
499
00:48:55,766 --> 00:48:59,500
{\an1}ON THIS BARREN OUTCROP
7 MILLION YEARS AGO.
500
00:49:10,300 --> 00:49:12,466
{\an1}BEING MAROONED WOULD HAVE BEEN
A DEATH SENTENCE
501
00:49:12,566 --> 00:49:15,666
{\an7}FOR MOST CREATURES,
502
00:49:15,766 --> 00:49:19,633
{\an7}BUT THIS STOWAWAY HAS MADE
A REMARKABLE SUCCESS
503
00:49:19,733 --> 00:49:22,433
{\an1}OUT OF BEING STRANDED
504
00:49:22,533 --> 00:49:25,966
{\an1}BECAUSE OF A BANQUET
FOUND JUST OFFSHORE.
505
00:49:45,733 --> 00:49:49,033
{\an1}THE COLD SEAS THAT CREATED
THIS DESERT ISLAND
506
00:49:49,133 --> 00:49:52,300
{\an1}ARE SOME OF THE RICHEST
ON EARTH.
507
00:49:54,766 --> 00:49:57,833
{\an1}NUTRIENT-RICH WATERS
ARE FORCED TO THE SURFACE
508
00:49:57,933 --> 00:50:01,933
{\an1}AROUND ISLANDS LIKE
ISLA SAN PEDRO MARTIR,
509
00:50:02,033 --> 00:50:04,633
{\an1}FUELING AN EXPLOSION
OF MARINE LIFE.
510
00:50:16,466 --> 00:50:18,633
[SQUAWKING]
511
00:50:25,000 --> 00:50:28,766
{\an1}IN MAY, THE ISLAND
IS TRANSFORMED
512
00:50:28,866 --> 00:50:32,000
{\an1}INTO ONE OF THE WORLD'S LARGEST
BREEDING COLONIES
513
00:50:32,100 --> 00:50:35,833
{\an1}OF THIS APTLY-NAMED BIRD--
THE BLUE-FOOTED BOOBY.
514
00:50:37,000 --> 00:50:39,866
[WHISTLING]
515
00:50:39,966 --> 00:50:44,266
{\an1}IT'S THE LIFELINE THIS LIZARD
HAS BEEN WAITING MONTHS FOR.
516
00:50:49,033 --> 00:50:52,500
{\an7}RAISING A FAMILY
CAN BE A MESSY AFFAIR.
517
00:50:55,633 --> 00:50:59,666
{\an1}NESTS ARE LITTERED WITH SCRAPS,
518
00:50:59,766 --> 00:51:04,200
AND THIS LIZARD
HAS LEARNED TO EAT FISH.
519
00:51:15,233 --> 00:51:19,233
{\an1}TO SECURE A MEAL,
IT HAS TO BE QUICK.
520
00:51:19,333 --> 00:51:23,433
{\an1}THERE'S AN AWFUL LOT
OF COMPETITION.
521
00:51:36,766 --> 00:51:39,533
{\an1}THESE BIRDS HAVE HAD
AN EXTRAORDINARY IMPACT
522
00:51:39,633 --> 00:51:42,400
ON THE LIZARDS
ISOLATED ON THIS ISLAND.
523
00:51:48,133 --> 00:51:51,733
{\an1}WITH SO FEW SPECIES
TO SHARE THIS UNUSUAL BOUNTY,
524
00:51:51,833 --> 00:51:54,800
{\an1}THEY HAVE COMPLETELY
OVERRUN THIS PLACE.
525
00:52:08,633 --> 00:52:12,466
{\an1}ISLA SAN PEDRO MARTIR HAS ONE
OF THE WORLD'S HIGHEST DENSITIES
526
00:52:12,566 --> 00:52:14,633
OF LIZARDS,
527
00:52:14,733 --> 00:52:18,166
{\an1}OVER 30 TIMES MORE
THAN THE MEXICAN MAINLAND.
528
00:52:20,766 --> 00:52:25,800
{\an1}THEY ARE THE ULTIMATE PROOF
THAT EVEN THE MOST BARREN PLACES
529
00:52:25,900 --> 00:52:29,000
CAN BE BOUNTIFUL.
530
00:52:30,866 --> 00:52:33,033
{\an1}IF YOU CAN FIND A WAY,
531
00:52:33,133 --> 00:52:37,366
{\an1}YOU REALLY CAN THRIVE
IN MEXICO'S BURNING NORTH.
532
00:52:39,700 --> 00:52:45,400
{\an1}MEXICO--A VIBRANT COUNTRY
BURSTING WITH LIFE,
533
00:52:45,500 --> 00:52:48,600
RICH IN NATURE
534
00:52:48,700 --> 00:52:51,966
AND CULTURE,
535
00:52:52,066 --> 00:52:54,700
{\an1}HIDING SECRET WORLDS
536
00:52:54,800 --> 00:52:59,766
{\an1}AND HOME TO THE PROUDEST PEOPLE
WHO CHERISH THEIR LAND,
537
00:52:59,866 --> 00:53:04,000
A PLACE WITH
A CAPTIVATING SPIRIT,
538
00:53:04,100 --> 00:53:14,566
{\an1}ONE THAT'S FULL
OF NATURAL WONDER.
539
00:53:15,366 --> 00:53:17,833
{\an8}THIS PROGRAM IS
AVAILABLE ON DVD
540
00:53:17,933 --> 00:53:20,433
{\an8}TO ORDER VISIT
SHOP.PBS.ORG
541
00:53:20,533 --> 00:53:22,433
{\an8}OR CALL
1-800-PLAY-PBS
542
00:53:22,533 --> 00:53:23,500
{\an8}ALSO AVAILABLE
ON ITUNES.
543
00:53:23,600 --> 00:53:27,600
{\an9}
43105
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