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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 3 00:00:13,170 --> 00:00:14,320 Leo. 4 00:00:15,420 --> 00:00:17,070 For God’s sake, Steele. Come on! 5 00:00:18,920 --> 00:00:19,600 Leo. 6 00:00:19,650 --> 00:00:20,570 It’s open. 7 00:00:31,170 --> 00:00:32,950 You can finish this on the boat. 8 00:00:33,100 --> 00:00:33,670 Right. 9 00:00:35,650 --> 00:00:38,220 That is if the Japs don’t boob us first like they did the Panay. 10 00:00:38,350 --> 00:00:39,920 Well, I can swim. Can’t you? 11 00:00:40,350 --> 00:00:41,870 Get a move on, Will you? 12 00:00:42,170 --> 00:00:43,700 We can file our stories in Shanghai. 13 00:00:53,620 --> 00:00:58,500 Japan launches a full-scale invasion of China in July 1937 14 00:00:58,820 --> 00:01:01,220 As a part of its plan to rule all of Asia. 15 00:01:01,420 --> 00:01:03,870 To take its place into the global power. 16 00:01:04,520 --> 00:01:06,620 After 5 months of hard fight, 17 00:01:06,820 --> 00:01:10,370 They take what was then the capital of China, Nanking. 18 00:01:13,520 --> 00:01:14,070 Mr, Simth. 19 00:01:14,350 --> 00:01:14,770 Mr. Steele. 20 00:01:15,970 --> 00:01:16,600 Dr.Wilson. 21 00:01:16,870 --> 00:01:17,970 I was afraid I wouldn’t catch you in time. 22 00:01:19,670 --> 00:01:20,950 Thought you left days ago. 23 00:01:21,470 --> 00:01:21,900 Bob. 24 00:01:22,700 --> 00:01:24,750 The embassy tried to convince most of us to leave on the Panay. 25 00:01:24,870 --> 00:01:28,300 Good thing…we didn’t, or we might be on the bottom of the Yangtze River alongside it. 26 00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:31,520 Besides Fitch here, how many of you are crazy enough to stay? 27 00:01:31,750 --> 00:01:33,400 Last count, it was 22 foreigners. 28 00:01:33,500 --> 00:01:34,600 14 of us Americans. 29 00:01:34,620 --> 00:01:35,820 Well, you have another chance to leave. 30 00:01:35,920 --> 00:01:37,970 We have a boat waiting to take us to the Oahu. 31 00:01:38,370 --> 00:01:40,600 Smooth sailing to Shanghai courtesy of the Us navy. 32 00:01:41,020 --> 00:01:43,300 It seems I’m the last surgeon left in Nanking. I can’t leave. 33 00:01:43,450 --> 00:01:44,520 But I do have a favor to ask of you. 34 00:01:44,620 --> 00:01:45,070 Anything. 35 00:01:46,600 --> 00:01:47,320 But make it quick. 36 00:01:48,520 --> 00:01:50,750 Take this letter along with you. It is to my family. 37 00:01:51,200 --> 00:01:51,850 Good luck. 38 00:01:52,550 --> 00:01:53,050 And to you. 39 00:01:55,850 --> 00:01:56,870 Thanks for the lift, Mr. Fitch. 40 00:02:12,300 --> 00:02:13,150 Oh God… 41 00:02:14,920 --> 00:02:16,150 We can’t drive through that. 42 00:02:24,270 --> 00:02:38,550 {Scars of Nanking} 43 00:02:44,620 --> 00:02:46,370 End of the safety zone. 44 00:02:47,770 --> 00:02:49,610 When they first broke through, I met a 45 00:02:49,622 --> 00:02:51,200 Japanese officer who had it marked on his map. 46 00:02:53,370 --> 00:02:55,020 Doesn’t look like those two have a map. 47 00:02:57,300 --> 00:02:59,620 Come on, we are on foot. 48 00:03:04,450 --> 00:03:09,650 Journalists Archibald Steele and Leslie C Smith are trying to escape a nightmare. 49 00:03:10,470 --> 00:03:11,600 For two days, 50 00:03:11,900 --> 00:03:15,100 Japanese troops have been rampaging through Nanking. 51 00:03:42,250 --> 00:03:44,800 [No marks from a gun or helmet] 52 00:03:45,020 --> 00:03:46,020 [Not army] 53 00:03:46,400 --> 00:03:47,600 [I don’t care] 54 00:03:49,150 --> 00:03:50,100 [Don’t kill me] 55 00:03:55,450 --> 00:03:58,800 After the city fell to the Japanese Army, 56 00:03:58,870 --> 00:04:01,570 The first few days were probably the worst. 57 00:04:01,850 --> 00:04:05,120 In terms of the mass execution, 58 00:04:05,370 --> 00:04:08,050 Random killing of civilians. 59 00:04:08,350 --> 00:04:11,520 The kind of violence that has happened in Nanchang occurs, 60 00:04:11,700 --> 00:04:13,070 Which is often Personal, 61 00:04:13,170 --> 00:04:15,850 Which is sadistic, In-close quatres, 62 00:04:16,100 --> 00:04:19,550 Involves humiliation, rape, and degradation. 63 00:04:19,750 --> 00:04:24,650 The really interesting thing about Nanchang is how much evidence we have, 64 00:04:24,770 --> 00:04:30,210 And the evidence we have comes from the foreigners who chose to stay. 65 00:04:42,420 --> 00:04:45,400 As a foreigner, Journalists are allowed to pass unharmed. 66 00:04:48,200 --> 00:04:50,720 Japan does not want to revoke the Western powers. 67 00:05:04,370 --> 00:05:07,650 Steele and Smith make their way to the Yangtze River. 68 00:05:19,420 --> 00:05:19,970 Steele. 69 00:05:21,200 --> 00:05:22,200 I didn’t know if you were going to make it. 70 00:05:22,420 --> 00:05:24,200 Our ride to the Oahu is waiting. 71 00:05:24,670 --> 00:05:25,450 A moment later, 72 00:05:25,770 --> 00:05:29,166 Journalists Archibald Steele and Tillman Durdin 73 00:05:29,178 --> 00:05:31,720 witness what happened to the Chinese prisoners. 74 00:06:00,722 --> 00:06:02,602 The Japanese may call this war. 75 00:06:03,472 --> 00:06:04,772 It looks like murder to me. 76 00:06:05,972 --> 00:06:10,972 And the scene on the riverfront as I wait for the launch to the Oahu, 77 00:06:11,022 --> 00:06:16,337 Was of a group of smoking chatting Japanese officers overseeing 78 00:06:16,349 --> 00:06:19,922 the massacre of the Battalion Chinese captive troops. 79 00:06:20,252 --> 00:06:24,952 They marched them out in groups of about 15. Machinegunning them. 80 00:06:36,972 --> 00:06:42,472 Japan always felt there was a superior race than any other races. 81 00:06:42,652 --> 00:06:43,852 All the Asians. 82 00:06:44,752 --> 00:06:51,552 The superiority complex as nation made them kill people they felt were inferior. 83 00:06:52,172 --> 00:06:55,734 The responsibilities of the Emperor system were 84 00:06:55,746 --> 00:06:58,752 certainly the important factor in wartime atrocities. 85 00:06:58,922 --> 00:07:00,872 People did in name of the Emperor. 86 00:07:02,422 --> 00:07:03,502 Let me spell it out for you. 87 00:07:03,652 --> 00:07:06,772 American. American. American. We are all Americans. 88 00:07:06,972 --> 00:07:07,782 You’ve got to help us. 89 00:07:07,852 --> 00:07:09,102 We’ve got to get our stories out. 90 00:07:09,202 --> 00:07:09,952 Like I told you before, 91 00:07:10,052 --> 00:07:12,722 You can get your stories out when we get back to Shanghai. 92 00:07:12,772 --> 00:07:13,952 But that won’t be for another day. 93 00:07:14,152 --> 00:07:16,152 We can still make today’s deadline if you just help us. 94 00:07:16,872 --> 00:07:19,102 Listen, we might not ever make it to Shanghai. 95 00:07:19,172 --> 00:07:21,322 The Jap may make another mistake and boob us too. 96 00:07:21,402 --> 00:07:22,972 Do you know what’s going on back there? 97 00:07:23,422 --> 00:07:23,972 Murder. 98 00:07:24,202 --> 00:07:27,322 By the thousands. Women, children, civilians. 99 00:07:27,502 --> 00:07:29,672 The world has got to know what the Japs are doing to Nanking. 100 00:07:30,172 --> 00:07:30,922 I am sorry, fellas. 101 00:07:31,022 --> 00:07:34,672 But it’s against the US Navy regulations to let civilians use the radio. 102 00:07:36,002 --> 00:07:37,852 Come on. We’re never going to get this guy to budge. 103 00:07:39,172 --> 00:07:40,672 Yeah, right behind you. 104 00:07:43,022 --> 00:07:46,372 Steele is still determined to get his story out. 105 00:07:52,672 --> 00:07:53,552 Where are you from? 106 00:07:56,572 --> 00:07:57,622 Davenport, Iowa. 107 00:07:58,802 --> 00:08:01,722 What do you know? I am from Chicago. 108 00:08:02,902 --> 00:08:04,402 It’s practically the same thing. 109 00:08:06,172 --> 00:08:09,002 You and me, we’ve got to stick together. 110 00:08:22,122 --> 00:08:26,372 Nanking, China. December 15, 1937. 111 00:08:27,152 --> 00:08:30,922 “Four days in hell” would be the most fitting way 112 00:08:30,934 --> 00:08:33,552 to describe the siege and capture of Nanking. 113 00:08:34,352 --> 00:08:38,381 The last thing we saw as we left the city was a 114 00:08:38,393 --> 00:08:41,472 band of 300 Chinese being methodically executed. 115 00:08:41,702 --> 00:08:47,602 before the wall, near the Waterfront, where already corpses were piled knee deep. 116 00:08:48,452 --> 00:08:52,472 Archibald Steele is one of the last foreign journalists to leave Nanking. 117 00:08:52,752 --> 00:08:56,072 It was a characteristic picture of the mad of Nanking scene. 118 00:08:59,072 --> 00:09:04,302 But the story of the fall of Nanking and its brutal aftermath begins weeks earlier. 119 00:09:10,172 --> 00:09:14,002 After a bloody battle to take the financial Hub of Shanghai, 120 00:09:14,402 --> 00:09:18,842 Japanese troops begin a forced March along the Yangtze River to Nanking. 121 00:09:19,372 --> 00:09:20,322 The goal, 122 00:09:20,522 --> 00:09:22,852 Break the backbone of Chinese resistance. 123 00:09:23,372 --> 00:09:24,622 Nanking was capital. 124 00:09:24,852 --> 00:09:26,872 Once you occupy the capital, 125 00:09:27,202 --> 00:09:30,652 That means you are declaring your victory. 126 00:09:31,752 --> 00:09:36,016 One could say that the march towards Nanking from Shanghai 127 00:09:36,028 --> 00:09:39,322 was the series of massacres. In many different locations. 128 00:09:39,672 --> 00:09:45,722 It could be somewhere compared to the army that faces guerrilla warfare in other wars. 129 00:09:46,452 --> 00:09:49,022 Nanking is now under siege. 130 00:09:49,272 --> 00:09:54,615 The Japanese commanders allowed their soldiers to 131 00:09:54,627 --> 00:09:58,582 rape, kill, loot, torture and act with impunity. 132 00:09:58,822 --> 00:10:00,622 So, when they got to Nanking, 133 00:10:00,902 --> 00:10:03,865 It was already understood by the soldiers that 134 00:10:03,877 --> 00:10:06,132 they would be allowed to do whatever they want. 135 00:10:19,002 --> 00:10:20,252 Dr. Wilson. 136 00:10:20,702 --> 00:10:21,902 [Should we stop?] 137 00:10:22,122 --> 00:10:22,872 Is anyone hurt? 138 00:10:23,022 --> 00:10:23,652 No. Sir. 139 00:10:24,072 --> 00:10:25,522 Then stopping is not an option. 140 00:10:26,722 --> 00:10:28,672 This will be the fastest eye surgery in history. 141 00:10:30,552 --> 00:10:32,072 Ah, there you are. 142 00:10:32,552 --> 00:10:37,272 Robert Wilson is one of the younger members of The Foreigner Community. 143 00:10:37,502 --> 00:10:39,272 Given born in China. 144 00:10:39,272 --> 00:10:43,272 His parents sent him back to the United States Princeton Harvard Medical School, 145 00:10:43,402 --> 00:10:46,322 So, you can almost think about him as a doctor without Borders. 146 00:10:50,302 --> 00:10:51,002 [Come on in] 147 00:10:55,322 --> 00:10:56,272 Dr. Zhang. 148 00:10:57,022 --> 00:10:58,202 What is it? 149 00:10:58,252 --> 00:10:59,002 Dr. Wilson. 150 00:10:59,272 --> 00:11:00,552 We feel we must leave Nanking. 151 00:11:00,602 --> 00:11:04,592 With the capital of China, Nanking, nearly surrounded by Japanese troops, 152 00:11:04,852 --> 00:11:08,251 Doctor Robert Wilson learns that many of the Chinese 153 00:11:08,263 --> 00:11:11,072 doctors and staff at his Hospital are leaving the city. 154 00:11:11,422 --> 00:11:12,102 I am staying. 155 00:11:14,302 --> 00:11:15,122 Dr. Liu. 156 00:11:15,422 --> 00:11:17,002 Aren’t you afraid of your personal safety? 157 00:11:17,322 --> 00:11:18,072 Naturally. 158 00:11:18,772 --> 00:11:20,352 But it is my duty to stay and help. 159 00:11:20,872 --> 00:11:23,802 By staying behind in the Fallen City. 160 00:11:24,002 --> 00:11:25,402 It's risk itself. 161 00:11:26,102 --> 00:11:30,090 So, I think those Chinese individuals, doctors, nurses 162 00:11:30,102 --> 00:11:32,902 who stayed behind were certainly very courageous. 163 00:11:33,952 --> 00:11:37,902 Dr. Wilson is now the only surgent left in Nanking. 164 00:11:57,262 --> 00:12:00,432 My little shrapnel and bullets collection are increasing daily. 165 00:12:03,282 --> 00:12:05,882 I’ll be able to open a respectable museum by the end of the war. 166 00:12:10,082 --> 00:12:14,365 The letter of diary in the American missionary like Dr. Wilson 167 00:12:14,377 --> 00:12:18,232 provided real-time eyewitness accounts of what takes place in Nanking. 168 00:12:23,212 --> 00:12:25,382 The situation is far worse than I thought. 169 00:12:25,662 --> 00:12:28,487 From what I’ve heard, the Japanese are mad as Hornets 170 00:12:28,499 --> 00:12:30,432 after the fight the Chinese put up in Shanghai. 171 00:12:30,912 --> 00:12:33,132 They’re looting and burning their way here. 172 00:12:34,332 --> 00:12:38,432 I think we can all agree that it is inevitable, the Japanese will take Nanking. 173 00:12:39,282 --> 00:12:41,112 Perhaps, after they do, things will calm down a bit. 174 00:12:41,462 --> 00:12:42,832 We may hope so, Dr. Wilson. 175 00:12:43,032 --> 00:12:46,549 But the wounded Chinese soldiers at the train station 176 00:12:46,561 --> 00:12:48,812 don’t hold out much hope for Japanese mercy. 177 00:12:51,162 --> 00:12:52,362 The point is… 178 00:12:52,862 --> 00:12:54,162 If I may say so… 179 00:12:54,612 --> 00:12:59,332 The point is we must limit any violence and protect the Chinese population. 180 00:12:59,412 --> 00:13:01,012 I think we can all agree with that. 181 00:13:02,182 --> 00:13:04,012 We’ll need everyone pulling together. 182 00:13:05,732 --> 00:13:07,112 Let’s take a look here. 183 00:13:08,512 --> 00:13:11,836 15 of the remaining foreigners form an international 184 00:13:11,848 --> 00:13:13,762 committee to establish the safety zone. 185 00:13:13,832 --> 00:13:17,362 They will protect Chinese civilians from the invading Japanese. 186 00:13:18,082 --> 00:13:21,860 It will be an area less than 2 square miles in 187 00:13:21,872 --> 00:13:25,112 compassing college campuses, embassies and hospitals. 188 00:13:25,212 --> 00:13:28,582 And eventually housing more than 20 refugee camps. 189 00:13:29,462 --> 00:13:34,200 The missionary, educators, the doctors who stayed behind chose 190 00:13:34,212 --> 00:13:37,562 to stay and not to bear witness to history but to help. 191 00:13:37,962 --> 00:13:41,582 It is essential that no Chinese Army troops are to enter the safety zone. 192 00:13:41,712 --> 00:13:44,782 If they do, it just gives the Japanese an excuse to violate it. 193 00:13:44,932 --> 00:13:47,512 But we're going to have to make the Japanese keep the same promise. 194 00:13:47,762 --> 00:13:51,012 No military personnel in the safety area. 195 00:13:51,482 --> 00:13:56,932 The committee selects George Fitch, Head of the YMCA, as its administrative director. 196 00:13:57,312 --> 00:14:00,762 And the German businessman John Rabe as chairman. 197 00:14:01,382 --> 00:14:04,232 Germany was already a friend of Japan. 198 00:14:04,312 --> 00:14:09,323 And they thought that having a German who happened to be a Nazi party 199 00:14:09,335 --> 00:14:13,412 member would carry more clout with the Japanese military authorities. 200 00:14:13,582 --> 00:14:15,882 Mr. Rabe is proving himself to be quite the humanitarian. 201 00:14:16,032 --> 00:14:19,212 Although I will never understand his affection for Der Fuhrer. 202 00:14:20,232 --> 00:14:23,932 When the international committee set up the refugees Zone, 203 00:14:24,132 --> 00:14:28,212 The agreement was that there would be no Chinese soldiers allowed in it, 204 00:14:28,332 --> 00:14:33,432 And that was the only chance there was that the Japanese would respect that area. 205 00:14:33,932 --> 00:14:36,232 The international Committee is doing a splendid piece of work. 206 00:14:36,832 --> 00:14:39,242 But the outcome is a matter of grave concern. 207 00:14:40,462 --> 00:14:44,552 The Japanese have definitely stated they will not recognize the safety zone. 208 00:14:55,395 --> 00:14:56,415 [Please come in] 209 00:14:56,465 --> 00:14:57,215 [Welcome] 210 00:15:01,324 --> 00:15:06,631 Minnie Vautrin was born in Illinois in 1886, and she found herself in 211 00:15:06,643 --> 00:15:11,024 the head of one of the best women's colleges in Nanjing Jalen College. 212 00:15:11,474 --> 00:15:13,924 I told the committee we could only take 3,000. 213 00:15:14,074 --> 00:15:16,504 It looks like we may have to double that. 214 00:15:16,624 --> 00:15:18,224 We will use the hallway. 215 00:15:18,274 --> 00:15:19,424 Even outside. 216 00:15:20,074 --> 00:15:21,924 We will put them somewhere, Miss Hua. 217 00:15:25,454 --> 00:15:30,154 She felt a responsibility for the women and girls I had already heard of 218 00:15:30,166 --> 00:15:34,074 the reports of Japanese troops Behavior as they were approaching Nanjing. 219 00:15:36,304 --> 00:15:39,294 The ambassy people have now asked us to leave 220 00:15:39,306 --> 00:15:41,324 very politely on two different occasions. 221 00:15:42,224 --> 00:15:44,924 I personally feel that I can’t leave. 222 00:15:45,654 --> 00:15:48,774 Men are not asked to desert their ships when in danger. 223 00:15:49,574 --> 00:15:52,574 And women are not asked to leave their children. 224 00:15:53,374 --> 00:15:56,354 The missionaries consider themselves part of the community. 225 00:15:56,404 --> 00:16:00,668 They felt such a responsibility to the people whom 226 00:16:00,680 --> 00:16:03,854 they have relationships, and they wanted to stay. 227 00:16:11,074 --> 00:16:13,724 [What’s wrong, Mr. Chen?] 228 00:16:14,154 --> 00:16:15,024 [It is happening!] 229 00:16:15,604 --> 00:16:18,604 [The Chinese army is leaving the city] 230 00:16:18,754 --> 00:16:19,574 [Everyone is running] 231 00:16:19,574 --> 00:16:20,474 [Soldiers are throwing away their guns] 232 00:16:20,624 --> 00:16:22,624 [Some drown trying to cross the river] 233 00:16:22,804 --> 00:16:23,874 [Fires everywhere!] 234 00:16:24,854 --> 00:16:27,054 [They say the Japanese] 235 00:16:27,074 --> 00:16:28,574 [Will enter Nanking tomorrow] 236 00:16:56,924 --> 00:17:00,504 Nanking falls on December 13, 1937. 237 00:17:02,074 --> 00:17:05,474 Japanese troops immediately began their rampaging of terror. 238 00:17:11,754 --> 00:17:15,774 American Missionary John Magee starts to film what he sees. 239 00:17:16,824 --> 00:17:20,326 He uses his 16mm Bell & Howell camera the church 240 00:17:20,338 --> 00:17:22,754 sent to him to record charitable activities. 241 00:17:24,554 --> 00:17:28,204 John Magee was an Episcopal Minister, who had been born in Pittsburg. 242 00:17:28,354 --> 00:17:29,804 He had gone to Yale Divinity School. 243 00:17:29,854 --> 00:17:32,254 The Board of Foreign Missions sent him to China. 244 00:17:33,204 --> 00:17:36,074 The film footage of John Magee is indispensable. 245 00:17:36,154 --> 00:17:39,354 Not only did he film inside the refugee camps. 246 00:17:39,354 --> 00:17:41,824 He filmed outside at great peril. 247 00:17:45,174 --> 00:17:48,824 If John Magee were caught filming by a Japanese Officer, 248 00:17:49,774 --> 00:17:51,754 the chances are he would have been beheaded. 249 00:17:51,854 --> 00:17:54,954 And he would have been left there and the Japanese would have taken his camera. 250 00:17:55,454 --> 00:17:58,374 In the chaos when the city fell, 251 00:17:58,724 --> 00:18:02,902 Some Chinese soldiers put down their uniform and mingled 252 00:18:02,914 --> 00:18:05,824 into the civilian population in the safety zone. 253 00:18:05,924 --> 00:18:11,024 The Japanese military used this pretext to cast a very wide net. 254 00:18:15,824 --> 00:18:16,774 Something is happening. 255 00:18:24,504 --> 00:18:25,654 [Where are the Chinese soldiers?] 256 00:18:27,954 --> 00:18:29,124 [We know you are here!] 257 00:18:45,024 --> 00:18:45,774 Wait! 258 00:18:46,254 --> 00:18:48,004 Who is in command here? Who is in charge? 259 00:18:49,704 --> 00:18:50,854 I am in command. 260 00:18:51,574 --> 00:18:52,874 You speak English. Terrific. 261 00:18:53,124 --> 00:18:55,974 This is an American University. American property. 262 00:18:57,124 --> 00:18:58,254 You saw the flag? 263 00:18:59,074 --> 00:19:01,704 This is also inside the international safety zone. 264 00:19:01,924 --> 00:19:03,524 I know Chinese Soldiers are here. 265 00:19:03,924 --> 00:19:07,224 I can assure you that any men here are completely harmless. 266 00:19:08,424 --> 00:19:09,374 Civilians. 267 00:19:09,674 --> 00:19:10,624 We will see. 268 00:19:14,904 --> 00:19:16,604 [I know Chinese soldiers are hiding here.] 269 00:19:17,804 --> 00:19:20,004 [I will give you one minute.] 270 00:19:21,204 --> 00:19:22,574 [If you stand up and surrender,] 271 00:19:22,874 --> 00:19:24,104 [I will not kill you.] 272 00:19:24,474 --> 00:19:25,674 [If you don’t,] 273 00:19:26,674 --> 00:19:28,274 [I will kill you all!] 274 00:19:29,174 --> 00:19:29,974 [One minute!] 275 00:19:50,474 --> 00:19:52,424 [Hurry, take them all.] 276 00:20:04,204 --> 00:20:04,974 Wait! 277 00:20:05,304 --> 00:20:06,104 Wait!! 278 00:20:13,604 --> 00:20:16,274 These are not soldiers. They work here. 279 00:20:16,574 --> 00:20:19,454 This one is 60 years old. No Soldier. 280 00:20:19,724 --> 00:20:21,254 We will decide. Get back! 281 00:20:39,454 --> 00:20:42,154 Based on eyewitness accounts, 282 00:20:42,204 --> 00:20:46,574 We know that many of the civilians were taken away, 283 00:20:46,704 --> 00:20:50,424 Were later executed by the Japanese military. 284 00:20:53,754 --> 00:20:57,724 Young men were tied up with wire and led to the river. 285 00:20:58,924 --> 00:21:00,724 Lined up and shot 286 00:21:02,304 --> 00:21:04,874 And the river would be full of corpses 287 00:21:05,324 --> 00:21:12,524 It was quite widespread to use POW’s as bayonet practice for new solders. 288 00:21:13,724 --> 00:21:19,074 To kill a human being is a big psychological threshold to cross. 289 00:21:19,524 --> 00:21:26,554 And we see that Japanese Officers did use such practice to “stiffen” their soldiers, 290 00:21:26,654 --> 00:21:27,324 so to speak. 291 00:21:32,954 --> 00:21:35,374 Soon after the Japanese enter the city 292 00:21:35,524 --> 00:21:38,104 an eight-year-old girl leads Magee to her home. 293 00:21:41,904 --> 00:21:45,804 [Is this where it happened?] 294 00:21:47,474 --> 00:21:49,904 [At 9 or 10 in the morning] 295 00:21:50,904 --> 00:21:56,204 [Japanese soldiers broke into our house] 296 00:21:57,004 --> 00:21:59,024 [My dad opened the gate] 297 00:22:00,074 --> 00:22:02,304 [He took a few steps] 298 00:22:03,474 --> 00:22:06,904 [The Japanese caught him and shot him to death] 299 00:22:09,124 --> 00:22:10,104 Good lord. 300 00:22:15,124 --> 00:22:20,254 The neighbors have taken the bodies of Xia Shuqin’s family and other victims outside. 301 00:22:20,474 --> 00:22:24,054 Shuqin’s mother and sister are raped before being murder. 302 00:22:24,974 --> 00:22:28,354 In all, 7 of her family members are killed in front of her. 303 00:22:29,024 --> 00:22:30,574 She, herself, is bayonetted. 304 00:22:30,954 --> 00:22:32,124 But survives. 305 00:22:33,524 --> 00:22:35,524 [You tell me to remember but not cry] 306 00:22:35,724 --> 00:22:37,174 [How can I not cry?] 307 00:22:38,154 --> 00:22:39,874 [7 of my family died] 308 00:22:39,954 --> 00:22:41,074 [Not just 1 person] 309 00:22:43,004 --> 00:22:46,754 The horror of the last week is beyond anything I have ever experienced. 310 00:22:47,224 --> 00:22:50,874 I never dreamed that the Japanese soldiers were such savages. 311 00:22:51,874 --> 00:22:53,924 It has been a week of murder and rape. 312 00:22:54,524 --> 00:22:57,424 They not only killed every prisoner they could find, 313 00:22:57,804 --> 00:23:01,354 But also, a vast number of ordinary citizens of all ages. 314 00:23:02,624 --> 00:23:06,504 Many of them were shot down like the hunting of rabbits in the streets. 315 00:23:07,324 --> 00:23:09,824 There are dead bodies all over the city. 316 00:23:11,574 --> 00:23:15,104 But the most horrible thing now is the raping of the women. 317 00:23:15,974 --> 00:23:19,974 Which has been going on in the most shameless way that I have ever known. 318 00:23:21,254 --> 00:23:23,774 The streets are full of men searching for women. 319 00:23:27,004 --> 00:23:29,154 Within days of the occupation. 320 00:23:29,324 --> 00:23:32,341 Thousands of Nanking surviving citizens seek 321 00:23:32,353 --> 00:23:34,474 refuge in the international safety zone. 322 00:23:36,624 --> 00:23:40,004 I am sorry, only women under 50 years old and girls. 323 00:23:40,204 --> 00:23:43,154 I am so sorry. Please tell them, Mrs. Tsen. 324 00:23:43,474 --> 00:23:44,674 [We have no choice.] 325 00:23:44,804 --> 00:23:47,234 [I am so sorry] 326 00:23:48,574 --> 00:23:52,274 Never shall I forget the faces of the younger girls as they streamed in. 327 00:23:53,074 --> 00:23:56,804 Most of them were parting from their fathers or husbands at the gate. 328 00:23:59,454 --> 00:24:02,824 The had disguised themselves in every way possible. 329 00:24:03,654 --> 00:24:05,704 Many had cut their hair 330 00:24:06,404 --> 00:24:08,874 most of them had blackened their faces. 331 00:24:16,904 --> 00:24:17,954 [Don’t worry] 332 00:24:18,004 --> 00:24:19,274 [We will take care of them] 333 00:24:19,374 --> 00:24:20,854 We will protect them. 334 00:24:21,054 --> 00:24:22,074 [I promise] 335 00:25:02,824 --> 00:25:04,774 The night of December 17 336 00:25:05,524 --> 00:25:11,074 none of us shall ever forget for it is burned in our memories by suffering. 337 00:25:24,754 --> 00:25:26,924 This is an American school. 338 00:25:27,074 --> 00:25:28,104 American school! 339 00:25:35,324 --> 00:25:38,254 They refused to believe me when I said there were no soldiers. 340 00:25:38,304 --> 00:25:40,574 Only women and children. 341 00:25:41,304 --> 00:25:42,054 [Help me] 342 00:25:42,304 --> 00:25:43,274 [Help me] 343 00:25:45,354 --> 00:25:49,774 They made us feel like they were searching for soldiers. 344 00:25:52,124 --> 00:25:53,174 But as a matter of fact 345 00:25:53,224 --> 00:25:56,974 they were searching for young women and girls. 346 00:25:59,404 --> 00:26:02,874 Never shall I forget that scene. 347 00:26:05,054 --> 00:26:06,274 The people kneeing 348 00:26:07,074 --> 00:26:09,054 Mrs. Tsen and I standing. 349 00:26:10,804 --> 00:26:12,724 The rattling of the leaves 350 00:26:13,304 --> 00:26:14,954 the moaning if the wind. 351 00:26:16,374 --> 00:26:18,754 The cry of the women being led out. 352 00:26:34,124 --> 00:26:39,317 The rape of Nanking is known by the name rape because of the 353 00:26:39,329 --> 00:26:44,124 astonishing numbers of public rapes the Japanese Soldiers perpetuated. 354 00:26:44,274 --> 00:26:45,724 It’s in the missionary diaries. 355 00:26:45,874 --> 00:26:49,346 The Japanese soldiers are climbing into the refugee camps to rape 356 00:26:49,358 --> 00:26:52,024 in front of the missionaries that are trying to protect them. 357 00:26:52,174 --> 00:26:54,954 The rapes of sisters, mothers, children…. 358 00:26:55,154 --> 00:26:59,364 Repeated rapes until the child and mother was dead. 359 00:26:59,374 --> 00:27:02,154 Is why this massacre bears the name. 360 00:27:02,774 --> 00:27:07,004 I think now that I may have saved those girls. 361 00:27:07,124 --> 00:27:12,874 But at the time, it did not seem possible. 362 00:27:13,174 --> 00:27:14,354 [Help me] 363 00:27:14,924 --> 00:27:16,504 [Help me] 364 00:27:16,954 --> 00:27:22,279 These foreigners by standing between the Japanese and the 365 00:27:22,291 --> 00:27:26,824 potential Chinese victims did put themselves into harm’s way. 366 00:27:27,474 --> 00:27:31,139 This is the situation when people like Minnie 367 00:27:31,151 --> 00:27:34,104 Vautrin were threatened by the Japanese soldiers. 368 00:27:44,404 --> 00:27:48,074 This girl, she decided to resist her rapist. 369 00:27:49,954 --> 00:27:51,174 You can see what it got her. 370 00:27:52,654 --> 00:27:54,274 More than 20 bayonet wounds. 371 00:27:56,204 --> 00:27:57,724 She is luckier than most. 372 00:27:58,774 --> 00:28:00,204 She will survive. 373 00:28:01,204 --> 00:28:05,424 The Japanese Troops would just slice open people and leave them to die, 374 00:28:05,554 --> 00:28:10,774 And so, Robert Wilson for example did a lot of surgery and he did a lot of sewing up. 375 00:28:10,774 --> 00:28:15,924 And these events can be corroborated by the film footage that John Magee took. 376 00:28:24,004 --> 00:28:26,024 When did you last get some sleep, Bob? 377 00:28:26,804 --> 00:28:28,524 Maybe 20 hours ago. 378 00:28:30,924 --> 00:28:32,504 I try to catch a nap here and there. 379 00:28:32,904 --> 00:28:37,074 When the Japanese don’t come looking for women or something to steal. 380 00:28:39,724 --> 00:28:41,654 I used to try to be polite when I threw them out. 381 00:28:41,824 --> 00:28:45,624 But now I just give them the same cold fishy stare that they give me. 382 00:28:51,504 --> 00:28:54,274 What good does it do the filming that if no one ever sees it? 383 00:28:54,474 --> 00:28:58,354 I think there were at least one hundred Chinese on staff there. 384 00:28:58,354 --> 00:29:00,124 Nurses and technicians and so forth, 385 00:29:00,204 --> 00:29:04,542 But he was the only qualified surgeon left in the city 386 00:29:04,554 --> 00:29:07,724 and so he was just absolutely overwhelmed by work. 387 00:29:15,254 --> 00:29:16,654 [Japanese soldiers are here!] 388 00:29:16,704 --> 00:29:17,504 [Where?] 389 00:29:17,774 --> 00:29:18,754 [Nurse dormitory.] 390 00:29:28,374 --> 00:29:29,154 Stop it! 391 00:29:29,904 --> 00:29:31,804 What do you think you are doing? Stop it! 392 00:29:31,954 --> 00:29:35,774 [Mind your own business or I will kill you, American.] 393 00:29:36,204 --> 00:29:38,024 [I am an imperial soldier.] 394 00:29:38,524 --> 00:29:41,804 This is a hospital. You have no business here. Get out now. 395 00:29:42,074 --> 00:29:45,604 [Chinese soldier here; we search Chinese soldier.] 396 00:29:45,854 --> 00:29:47,824 That is not going to work with me, friend. 397 00:29:47,954 --> 00:29:51,474 There are no Chinese soldiers here. You must leave now. Go. 398 00:29:52,974 --> 00:29:55,074 [I said do not interfere.] 399 00:29:55,574 --> 00:29:57,624 [I will kill you now.] 400 00:30:28,774 --> 00:30:30,854 You may want to ask your friend. 401 00:30:31,354 --> 00:30:33,954 How smart he thinks it is for you to kill an American. 402 00:30:35,604 --> 00:30:40,074 You may ask him. What punishment he thinks you might receive. 403 00:30:43,904 --> 00:30:48,724 [If you kill a foreigner, we will be in trouble.] 404 00:30:49,174 --> 00:30:51,004 [We’ll find girls somewhere else.] 405 00:30:57,854 --> 00:31:01,104 The used the women as sort of a “comfort.” You know? 406 00:31:01,354 --> 00:31:03,304 And then they killed the women. 407 00:31:05,624 --> 00:31:10,504 They were imperial power. young! These guys were young! 408 00:31:11,054 --> 00:31:13,354 They no intellectual training. 409 00:31:13,474 --> 00:31:16,704 There were like animals. They were trained as animalistic. 410 00:31:17,654 --> 00:31:21,424 So, when commander says: “Kill all of them!” They don’t care. 411 00:31:21,724 --> 00:31:24,154 Men. Women. Children. Burn! 412 00:31:44,254 --> 00:31:46,354 Over half the city is burned. 413 00:31:46,754 --> 00:31:49,654 Huge fires are set in every business section. 414 00:31:49,824 --> 00:31:52,974 Yesterday before going home for supply, I counted 12 fires. 415 00:31:54,354 --> 00:31:57,804 If it weren’t for the way the international Committee had gathered rice beforehand, 416 00:31:57,874 --> 00:32:00,324 And done what it could to protect the population, 417 00:32:00,504 --> 00:32:02,904 There would already be a first-class famine. 418 00:32:03,204 --> 00:32:06,374 And the slaughter would have been considerably greater than it has been. 419 00:32:08,704 --> 00:32:11,804 In total, within the perimeter of the safety zone. 420 00:32:11,904 --> 00:32:14,304 There were about 250,000 people. 421 00:32:14,604 --> 00:32:16,154 So, it was very packed. 422 00:32:16,354 --> 00:32:20,774 And they increasingly had trouble getting in enough food or sanitary 423 00:32:20,786 --> 00:32:24,004 conditions for all of these people within such a small space. 424 00:32:24,624 --> 00:32:27,074 George Fitch, in charge of logistics 425 00:32:27,574 --> 00:32:29,104 struggles to make it all work. 426 00:32:29,204 --> 00:32:32,574 George Fitch was an established member of the YMCA. 427 00:32:32,574 --> 00:32:34,204 He was an established Missionary. 428 00:32:34,254 --> 00:32:37,324 He had been born in China in the 1880s. 429 00:32:37,524 --> 00:32:40,565 He like other missionary kids had been sent to the 430 00:32:40,577 --> 00:32:42,704 United States for College and Divinity School. 431 00:32:45,874 --> 00:32:48,474 He was right smack in the middle of it all, 432 00:32:48,504 --> 00:32:52,704 And I think they never knew when one of the soldiers when turn on them more violently. 433 00:32:53,704 --> 00:32:55,974 Complete anarchy has reigned for 10 days. 434 00:32:57,124 --> 00:32:58,374 It has been hell on earth. 435 00:32:58,854 --> 00:33:01,942 To have to stand by and watch while even the very poor 436 00:33:01,954 --> 00:33:04,124 are having their last possession taken from them. 437 00:33:04,574 --> 00:33:08,454 While thousands of disarmed soldiers who had sought sanctuary with you, 438 00:33:08,954 --> 00:33:12,474 Together with many hundreds of innocent civilians are taken out before your eyes. 439 00:33:12,554 --> 00:33:14,774 And shot or used for bayonet practice. 440 00:33:16,974 --> 00:33:20,854 And to stand by and do nothing while your flag is taken down and insulted. 441 00:33:20,924 --> 00:33:22,574 Not once but a dozen times. 442 00:33:26,504 --> 00:33:28,924 And then to watch the city that you’ve come to love. 443 00:33:30,124 --> 00:33:33,004 Deliberately and systematically burned by fires. 444 00:33:36,754 --> 00:33:38,854 This is a hell I could never before have envisaged. 445 00:33:43,604 --> 00:33:47,254 Every day we call at the Japanese embassy and present our protests. 446 00:33:47,354 --> 00:33:51,004 Our appeals, our authenticated reports of violence and crime. 447 00:33:52,904 --> 00:33:55,874 Mr. Fukuda, you can’t honestly pretend that you don’t know what’s going on. 448 00:33:56,274 --> 00:33:59,671 We have written to you virtually every day documenting the 449 00:33:59,683 --> 00:34:02,124 crime and mayhem perpetrated by your imperial troops. 450 00:34:03,074 --> 00:34:05,568 You have in your hand a letter of pretest signed 451 00:34:05,580 --> 00:34:07,224 by all 22 remaining foreigners in Nanking. 452 00:34:10,274 --> 00:34:13,304 We are met with suave Japanese courtesy 453 00:34:13,374 --> 00:34:15,454 but actually the officials there are powerless. 454 00:34:16,624 --> 00:34:18,754 This is a military matter. 455 00:34:18,974 --> 00:34:21,324 The army is in charge of this. 456 00:34:22,054 --> 00:34:24,624 So, you have no influence over your military. 457 00:34:24,924 --> 00:34:26,804 They just do what they want. 458 00:34:27,424 --> 00:34:30,904 You had the opportunity to show the world the honor of the imperial Japanese army. 459 00:34:32,304 --> 00:34:34,904 Yet, you’ve just demonstrated the exact opposite. 460 00:34:38,054 --> 00:34:39,574 We’ve been branded as a load of liars. 461 00:34:41,254 --> 00:34:44,624 The Japanese embassy people tell people that everything we say is imagination. 462 00:34:47,204 --> 00:34:49,524 That might be a lot truer if I were not a surgeon. 463 00:34:50,154 --> 00:34:52,574 And have to patch up the results of their excesses. 464 00:34:54,374 --> 00:34:56,874 By the end of December 1937, 465 00:34:57,074 --> 00:35:01,424 The Japanese order all civilians to register for “good citizens papers.” 466 00:35:02,154 --> 00:35:04,454 By late January 1938, 467 00:35:04,504 --> 00:35:08,654 they force all Chinese to leave the safety zone and return to their homes. 468 00:35:09,124 --> 00:35:11,304 The zone is officially closed. 469 00:35:11,324 --> 00:35:12,904 But the killing continues. 470 00:35:14,104 --> 00:35:16,504 We need to find a better way to get the word out. 471 00:35:17,124 --> 00:35:19,554 The world needs to know what Japan has done here. 472 00:35:19,624 --> 00:35:21,904 People will only believe it if they see it with their own eyes. 473 00:35:22,724 --> 00:35:25,828 Many International Committee members circulate letters 474 00:35:25,840 --> 00:35:28,154 in the United States to bring attention to Nanking. 475 00:35:29,054 --> 00:35:32,854 But so far, nothing is being done to stop the Japanese. 476 00:35:34,724 --> 00:35:37,754 We need to get Father Magee’s film out of here and back to the West. 477 00:35:37,904 --> 00:35:40,324 How? None of us can get permission to leave. 478 00:35:40,404 --> 00:35:42,124 And the risk of carrying the films alone is just… 479 00:35:42,304 --> 00:35:45,624 I can’t even get the films developed. It’s too dangerous. 480 00:35:46,054 --> 00:35:49,385 These Missionaries primarily were not allowed out of the 481 00:35:49,397 --> 00:35:51,904 city at this point because they really knew too much. 482 00:35:51,974 --> 00:35:55,280 The Japanese would not be keen on letting them 483 00:35:55,292 --> 00:35:57,754 go out and talk about what they had witnessed. 484 00:35:58,674 --> 00:36:00,674 Bring the negatives to my place next week. 485 00:36:01,524 --> 00:36:03,474 I might have a way. 486 00:36:26,474 --> 00:36:28,554 You really think they won’t search you? 487 00:36:28,724 --> 00:36:30,974 They may check my luggage, but not me. 488 00:36:31,124 --> 00:36:32,554 I’ve got a special permit now. 489 00:36:33,554 --> 00:36:38,054 George Fitch finds a way to smuggle the evidence of the massacre out of Nanking. 490 00:36:38,374 --> 00:36:42,474 By sewing Father Magee’s films into the lining of his overcoat. 491 00:36:44,604 --> 00:36:46,974 In order to be allowed to leave Nanking, 492 00:36:47,304 --> 00:36:50,665 Fitch arranges to receive a telegram from a colleague 493 00:36:50,677 --> 00:36:53,024 in Shanghai saying he is urgently needed there. 494 00:36:53,404 --> 00:36:54,774 It works! 495 00:36:56,204 --> 00:36:58,574 No one could protect the Missionaries. 496 00:36:58,674 --> 00:37:02,124 These people are aware of the risks they are personally facing. 497 00:37:02,224 --> 00:37:03,774 What kind of train are you getting? 498 00:37:05,224 --> 00:37:06,824 It’s a Japanese troop train, actually. 499 00:37:10,104 --> 00:37:11,024 I’ll pray for you. 500 00:37:12,154 --> 00:37:13,254 I’ll need it. 501 00:37:28,074 --> 00:37:32,504 On January 18, 1938 at 06:40 am, 502 00:37:33,724 --> 00:37:38,404 George Fitch, Director of the International Committee for the Nanking Safety Zone. 503 00:37:38,574 --> 00:37:42,424 Attempts to board a Japanese Troop Train bound for Shanghai. 504 00:37:44,324 --> 00:37:45,074 [You] 505 00:37:45,474 --> 00:37:46,854 [Your papers] 506 00:38:13,074 --> 00:38:16,168 I was crowded in with about as unsavory a crowd of 507 00:38:16,180 --> 00:38:18,674 soldiers as one could imagine in a third-class coach. 508 00:38:22,474 --> 00:38:26,496 A bit nervous because sewed into lining of my coat were eight 509 00:38:26,508 --> 00:38:29,704 reels of 16-millimeter negatives move film of atrocity cases. 510 00:38:32,774 --> 00:38:35,289 My baggage would undoubtedly be carefully 511 00:38:35,301 --> 00:38:37,474 examined by the military when we got to Shanghai. 512 00:38:37,604 --> 00:38:38,504 [Stop] 513 00:38:38,624 --> 00:38:39,804 [Open your bag] 514 00:38:44,704 --> 00:38:46,824 What might happen if they discovered these films? 515 00:38:51,024 --> 00:38:53,124 Fortunately, they weren’t discovered. 516 00:38:53,774 --> 00:38:55,624 And as soon as I could after my arrival 517 00:38:55,974 --> 00:38:57,574 I took them to the Kodak office for processing. 518 00:38:58,804 --> 00:39:01,024 They were so terrible that they had to be seen to be believed. 519 00:39:01,804 --> 00:39:06,704 George Fitch is aware that the world Community needed to hear this story 520 00:39:06,974 --> 00:39:10,474 and he swirled out of China with Magee’s film footage 521 00:39:10,654 --> 00:39:14,954 and went on the lecture tour in the United States throughout 1938. 522 00:39:15,474 --> 00:39:22,094 He showed the films to the senators, to army officials, and churches and so forth. 523 00:39:22,104 --> 00:39:24,204 and tried to publicize what was happening there. 524 00:39:27,454 --> 00:39:31,024 I think it probably did have an effect on public opinion in the United States. 525 00:39:31,724 --> 00:39:37,774 The Japanese were seen as “The Wicked Enemy” before the attack on Pearl Harbor. 526 00:39:39,324 --> 00:39:42,324 In Nanking, the violence begins to subside. 527 00:39:43,474 --> 00:39:45,924 It stopped because there really wasn't anybody else to kill. 528 00:39:46,004 --> 00:39:47,524 There wasn't anything else to steal. 529 00:39:47,704 --> 00:39:50,054 There wasn't anything else to burn down. 530 00:39:51,654 --> 00:39:55,624 Many of the missionaries stayed in Nanking through the worst of the atrocity. 531 00:39:57,024 --> 00:39:58,254 But the paid the price. 532 00:39:59,354 --> 00:40:02,004 The events are growing dim. 533 00:40:02,974 --> 00:40:07,374 But there are a certain of them that a lifetime will not erase from my memory. 534 00:40:07,804 --> 00:40:10,404 Minnie Vautrin is not the only one hunted. 535 00:40:11,774 --> 00:40:15,704 I have visited Japan a number of times. It is a beautiful country. 536 00:40:16,774 --> 00:40:21,854 How to reconcile the Japan that I have seen and the savagery that I have seen here. 537 00:40:22,274 --> 00:40:24,904 Is a problem that I have not solved yet. 538 00:40:26,604 --> 00:40:30,024 George Fitch would sometimes had amnesia or blank 539 00:40:30,036 --> 00:40:32,254 out when he was trying to give his speech. 540 00:40:32,454 --> 00:40:37,174 Some people have attributed this to the trauma that he experienced there. 541 00:40:38,124 --> 00:40:44,654 Dr. Robert Wilson exhausted and suffering from seizures return to the US in 1940. 542 00:40:45,174 --> 00:40:46,504 But there is no time to rest. 543 00:40:47,404 --> 00:40:50,404 He joins an Army Medical unit and ships out again. 544 00:40:51,174 --> 00:40:56,593 After World War II, Dr. Wilson, George Fitch, and Father John Magee all play 545 00:40:56,605 --> 00:41:00,974 key roles in bringing the perpetrators of the Nanking massacre to Justice, 546 00:41:01,174 --> 00:41:03,874 By providing testimony to war crimes tribunals. 547 00:41:05,024 --> 00:41:08,178 The international Military Tribunal for the Far East 548 00:41:08,190 --> 00:41:10,704 puts the number of deaths to the hand of the Japanese. 549 00:41:11,074 --> 00:41:12,524 It’s over 200,000. 550 00:41:13,324 --> 00:41:17,704 The Nanking war crimes tribunal puts the number of 300,000 or more. 551 00:41:18,054 --> 00:41:20,854 In the first month of Japan's occupation of Nanking, 552 00:41:20,954 --> 00:41:24,174 The number of rapes is officially estimated it 20,000. 553 00:41:24,524 --> 00:41:30,754 Ultimately, 5 Japanese Military Officers and 1 civilian official are put to death. 554 00:41:31,404 --> 00:41:36,210 In 2014, China confirmed December 13th as the National 555 00:41:36,222 --> 00:41:39,594 Memorial Day for victims of the Nanking massacre. 556 00:41:44,274 --> 00:41:49,554 In 1940 after standing in Nanking through the worst days of the occupation, 557 00:41:49,774 --> 00:41:52,274 Minnie Vautrin suffers from depression. 558 00:41:52,954 --> 00:41:55,604 Her church sends her to Indianapolis Indiana. 559 00:41:56,974 --> 00:42:00,954 Several times, the Japanese soldier threatened her life, threatened to rape her 560 00:42:01,124 --> 00:42:05,024 And she stood up to them; especially, when the soldiers came into the compound, 561 00:42:05,074 --> 00:42:07,474 And were attacking people under her care. 562 00:42:07,474 --> 00:42:10,824 She made an extra effort to protect women and girls. 563 00:42:12,704 --> 00:42:13,724 Dear friends, 564 00:42:15,424 --> 00:42:19,077 This process of mental deterioration has evidently 565 00:42:19,089 --> 00:42:21,754 been going on for years without my realizing it. 566 00:42:22,804 --> 00:42:23,874 [Help me] 567 00:42:25,354 --> 00:42:26,504 [Help me] 568 00:42:39,474 --> 00:42:45,124 On May 14, 1941, one year to the day after she left Nanking, 569 00:42:45,574 --> 00:42:48,154 Minnie Vautrin commits suicide. 570 00:42:49,874 --> 00:42:53,924 Minnie vautrin mentioned more than once in the diary that 571 00:42:53,954 --> 00:42:59,324 She was writing that she felt guilty or at fault because she couldn't help everyone. 572 00:42:59,424 --> 00:43:02,334 She felt as though if only if only I've been there for them 573 00:43:02,334 --> 00:43:03,864 If only if only I've been able to hele this person. 574 00:43:04,054 --> 00:43:06,304 Then that person would have been ok. 575 00:43:07,574 --> 00:43:10,254 In China; especially in Nanking, 576 00:43:10,524 --> 00:43:14,124 The names and deeds of these foreigners who stayed behind live on. 577 00:43:14,424 --> 00:43:18,324 If there were no westerners in the fallen capital, 578 00:43:18,904 --> 00:43:23,304 The situation would have been much morse for the Chinese population. 579 00:43:23,704 --> 00:43:27,704 What is knowable is the hundreds of thousands of lives saved 580 00:43:27,804 --> 00:43:31,254 By the efforts of those who established the zones, 581 00:43:31,254 --> 00:43:35,154 And tried to keep as many as civilians safe as possible. 582 00:43:35,674 --> 00:43:39,954 Equally important is that they recorded the facts of Nanking massacre. 583 00:43:41,454 --> 00:43:45,174 Today, Minnie Vautrin revered as a living Buddha. 584 00:43:45,724 --> 00:43:49,224 She is called “Kuan Yin” Buddha, Goddess of Mercy. 585 00:43:50,474 --> 00:43:52,954 6 weeks before the fall of Nanking, 586 00:43:53,324 --> 00:43:55,424 Minnie writes it in her diary: 587 00:43:55,774 --> 00:43:58,804 Think of the lovely coloring of the autumn leaves, 588 00:43:59,854 --> 00:44:03,054 The glimpses of purple mountain through our trees. 589 00:44:03,274 --> 00:44:05,324 All these we have. 590 00:44:06,374 --> 00:44:12,304 Nanking is a place of peace, relaxation and beauty. 591 00:44:12,804 --> 00:44:16,334 Human beings have an extraordinary capacity to simply come back. 592 00:44:16,874 --> 00:44:20,546 It is not uncommon for people to live quite happily and 593 00:44:20,558 --> 00:44:23,204 peacefully in a place where terrible things happen. 47082

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